Dissertationen zum Thema „Conductivité thermique – Modèles mathématiques“
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Vidalain, Guillaume. „Modélisation des phénomènes convectifs lors du changement de phase solide-liquide par utilisation de l'équation de diffusion de la chaleur et d'une forme modifiée de la conductivité“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24407/24407.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDallaire, Jonathan. „Thermal conductivity of carbon nanotubes from equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations : sensitivity to modeling and simulation parameters“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29017/29017.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRobert, Félix. „Optimisation techno-économique d'un champ d'échangeurs géothermiques verticaux“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30095/30095.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis master thesis presents the method used and the optimization results for a ground coupled heat exchangers borefield. The content is divided into two papers submitted for publication to scientific journals. The first paper reports a study on soil stratigraphy impact on performance evaluation for a geothermal heat pump. The study reveals that the results obtained from simulation predict the same energy consumption of heat pump system for stratified soil and for homogenous soil defined by an average thermal conductivity. It confirms the assumption that a ground coupled heat exchanger system can be modeled using an average value of thermal conductivity. The second paper presents an optimization method of geothermal borefield design to minimize the cost of the system. Results show that number of boreholes in the grid, and their depth, are two influential parameters having strong effect on total cost.
Le, Coroller Hervé. „Effet de la conductivité thermique sur la structure des ondes de choc radiatives : étude de la pulsation de deux étoiles super-géantes froides HD 56126 et HD 179821“. Aix-Marseille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX11028.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBonev, Plamen. „Thermal conductivity of mixed oxide fuel (MOX) : effect of temperature, elementary chemical composition, microstructure and burn-up in reactor“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0367.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMixed oxide fuel (MOX) is the nuclear fuel, used in fourth generation reactors, also called fast neutron reactors (FNR). Those reactors operate at very high temperatures (between 1500 and 2500 K). Thermal conductivity is therefore an essential material property to reactor safety. In fast reactor operating conditions, MOX is not only subject to high temperatures, but also to local changes in chemical composition and microstructure, which can have great impact on thermal conductivity. The effect of plutonium content is of particular interest for FNR applications, not only due to its local changes during irradiation, but also because fast reactors can be used to recycle plutonium. Thermal conductivity models should therefore be predictive in a wide range of plutonium contents. Most modeling approaches are semi-empirical in their temperature-dependency description of thermal conductivity, and are purely empirical in terms of plutonium and oxygen content-dependency. Those approaches are therefore limited by the number of available experimental data, especially concerning high temperatures (above 2000 K) and high plutonium contents (above 30 at. % ). The extrapolation of those models beyond their experimental range of validity can therefore lead to high modeling uncertainties. To address this problem, we propose in this work a model built on physical foundations. This model is based on a theoretical assessment of the contribution to thermal conductivity of each of the three (quasi)particles responsible for heat transport in oxide fuels: phonons, polarons and photons. The effect of temperature, plutonium and oxygen content on thermal conductivity is therefore clearly identified. Plutonium-oxygen content correlated effects were in particular observed, which do not appear in empirical approaches. This work also allowed to improve the understanding of irradiation-induced effects on thermal conductivity in FNR irradiation conditions. The model, proposed in this work was compared to the most up-to-date experimental data on thermal conductivity of MOX fuels, counting a total of 6619 experimental points, originated from different institutions: CEA, European projects, IAEA, OECD. Experimental data confirmed the effect of plutonium content, predicted in this work and in particular provided an experimental evidence for the plutonium-oxygen content correlated effects. The model was implemented into the CEA fuel performance code GERMINAL, from the simulation software platform PLEAIDES, to simulate the fuel behavior during the INTA-2 irradiation experiment. The predicted fuel temperature was compared to thermocouple measurements and showed good consistency, highlighting the adequate use of our model in fuel performance codes
Déchoux, Véronique. „Utilisation du fluage dans une modélisation du manteau sub océanique“. Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10331.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAbdallah, Ghassan. „La convection thermique dans les milieux fracturés : modélisation avec la méthode des éléments distincts“. Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPL126N.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHaras, Maciej. „Thermoélectricité non-conventionnelle basée sur les technologies silicium en film minces“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10006/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThermoelectricity converts heat into electric energy in a silent, direct, vibrationless and reliable way. In light of limited reserves in fossil fuels, increasing greenhouse effect and constantly rising worldwide demand in energy, recovering heat losses can be a solution. Good thermoelectric material integrates antagonistic properties: high crystal-like electrical (σ) and low glass-like thermal (κ) conductivities. Conventional thermoelectricity uses materials that are harmful, complex, expensive and incompatible with mainstream fabrication technologies e.g. CMOS making thermoelectricity unpopular. In constrast, CMOS materials, namely Silicon (Si), Germanium (Ge) and Silicon-Germanium (SixGe1-x), are simple, easy-to-get, cheap and industrially compatible offering a high electrical conductivity (σ). However, their usage in thermoelectricity is hindered due to a prohibitive thermal conductivity (κ). Recent progress in nano- and micro-fabrication opened new possibilities to reduce κ with minor impact on σ. This opportunity enables fabrication of CMOS compatible ThermoElectric Generators (TEGs) enabling massive production and cost reduction which can significantly popularize TEGs on the market. Our modelling approach place Si, Ge and SixGe1-x in a competitive position compared with conventional thermoelectrics providing that their high bulk κ can be substantially reduced. Within the framework of this thesis, a 3-fold size induced κ reduction in Si is experimentally obtained based on a micrometer measurement platform that has been designed, fabricated and characterized in this work
Chahlafi, Miloud. „Modélisation du rayonnement thermique dans un coeur de réacteur nucléaire dégradé en présence de vapeur et de gouttes d'eau“. Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00649477.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSimon, Nataline. „Développement des méthodes actives de mesures distribuées de température par fibre optique pour la quantification des écoulements souterrains : apports et limites pour la caractérisation des échanges nappe/rivière“. Thesis, Rennes 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REN1B028.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGroundwater/surface water interactions play a fundamental role in the functioning of aquatic ecosystems. However, their quantification is challenging because exchange processes vary both in time and space. Here, we propose an active distributed heat transport experiment in order to quantify the spatial and temporal variability of groundwater/surface water interactions. As a first step, we proposed a new approach to evaluate the spatial resolution of temperature measurements. Then, two interpretation methods of active-DTS experiments were developed and fully validated to estimate the distribution of porous media thermal conductivity and the groundwater fluxes in sediments. Based on numerical simulations and sandbox experiments, results demonstrated the potentiality of these methods for quantifying distributed groundwater fluxes with high accuracy. The large range of groundwater fluxes that can be investigated with the method makes specially promising the application of active experiments for many subsurface applications. Secondly, we conducted heat transport experiments within the streambed sediments of two different streams: in a first-order stream, then in a large flow-system located along an alluvial plain. These applications demonstrated the relevance of using active experiments to characterize the spatial complexity of stream exchanges. Finally, the comparison of results obtained for each experimental site allowed discussing the capabilities and limitations of using active-DTS field experiments to characterize groundwater/surface water interactions in different hydrological contexts
Ifis, Abderrazzaq. „La nouvelle approche hybride MAX-FEM pour la modélisation thermomécanique des couches minces“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0044/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work introduces a new simplified finite elements method MAX-FEM based on hybrid analytical-numerical coupling. This method is intended to the multi-scales analysis of transient thermomechanical behavior of mediums containing thin layers such as bounded and coated structures. The MAX-FEM consists in correcting the classical Finite Elements Method (FEM) by correction matrices taking into account the presence of thin layers without any mesh refinement. The proposed correction is based on the analytical approach of Matched Asymptotic Expansions (MAE) and the numerical method of Partition of Unity Method (PUM). The developed approach can easily implemented under different numerical codes (MATLAB, ABAQUS, ...) and can be used to perform mechanical, thermal and thermomechanical analyses of 1D and 2D bounded and coated structures. The obtained results show a good accuracy with short computation time, and without any required mesh refinement. Also, the developed method overcomes the limitation of the MAE and PUM methods by exploiting the advantages of their coupling. Finally, the MAX-FEM approach was also used to develop an experimental test bench intended to the thermal characterization of thin layers. Indeed, a simple confrontation between the heat transfer in an homogeneous structure and a second structure with thin layer allows identifying the thermal conductivity in both transient and stationary regimes. The test bench is simple to release and the obtained results for brazed structure show a good accuracy of the developed approach
Louarn, Sylvain. „Études expérimentales et simulation numérique d'un procédé thermique de séchage : application au traitement des boues“. Lorient, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORIS300.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWithin an approach of wastes global valorization, sludge generated by municipal, industrial and agricultural wastewater treatment plants is mostly re-used in valorization processes. In most of the cases, these recycling processes first make it necessary to reduce significantly the water content in upstream sludge. Generally, the first step of this type of process is a mechanical dewatering phase followed by a thermal drying phase in order to reach a dry content of 80%. As dehydration is directly linked to the amount of energy brought to the product, it is necessary to develop a high energy efficient drying process. This thesis focuses on developing and validating a complete numerical tool for designing a heat pump assisted sludge dryer. The experimental setup within the LIMATB lead to the establishment of the drying kinetics of sludge plates submitted to convective and conductive heat intakes. Thanks to the analysis and the comparison of experimental data, the impact of operating parameters (air temperature, humidity and velocity, contact temperature) on the drying time and the product deformation can be observed. A coupled heat and mass transfer 1D model is validated by various experiments. The taking into account of an effective diffusion coefficient, which integrates the influence of cracks, has been proven relevant to access to the evolutions of temperature and water content gradients in the product. New drying scenarios with variable air conditions and product flipping have been simulated. Then, this model has then been combined to a global multizone tunnel dryer model. It integrates the circulation of sludge in the dryer and the evolution of air characteristics as it goes through each zone. Simulations permit to predict the dry content as a function of the air conditions in dynamic regime. Meanwhile, an additional computing module has been developed with a view to designing the heat pump system
Koprnicky, Jan. „Modèles de conductivité électrique pour lampes à décharge“. Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/171/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis Ph. D. Thesis deals with light discharges modelling for description of electric circuits. It is not modelling of internal behaviour of a plasma, but its equivalent conductivity. The parameters of conductivity model are determined from measured voltage and current characteristics of discharge lamps. This model does not require any technological data from lamp producers. The Matlab/Matlab Simulink is used for data processing of u(t); i(t), application of identification algorithms and electric circuits simulation. The simulated results are compared with measurements. The model is tested in simulations of low and high pressure discharge lamps in circuits with magnetic ballasts
Mohammedi, Mehdi. „Modélisation en régime dynamique de structures d'habitation couplées a leurs équipements énergetiques“. Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ECAP0710.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMeksi, Olfa. „Contribution à la caractérisation numérique et expérimentale des échanges thermiques externes des machines électriques totalement fermées et non ventilées avec introduction des données d’incertitudes“. Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2367/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn addition to electrical, magnetic, vibro-acoustic and mechanical aspects, thermal considerations must be taken into account during the design and optimization of electrical machines. This study focuses on the analysis and the simulation of the thermal behavior of Totally Enclosed Non Ventilated (TENV) electric machines, specifically a Synchro-reluctant motor (Synchrel) in the context of an automotive application : a clutch actuator. A detailed thermal model (MTD) describing the thermal behavior of the Synchrel machine is designed. This proposed MTD is based on a combination of the Lumped Parameter Thermal Network method (LPTN) and the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methods. The first method is dedicated to model the conductive and radiative heat transfers. CFD techniques are dedicated to model the cooling mechanism based on the natural convection around the Synchrel machine. Since the critical temperature is very sensitive to the cooling mode, the CFD approach is used in this study to provide more accurate results. On the other hand, it requires considerable computing time, which prevents its use in design studies based on optimization methods. In order to overcome this problem, only some numerical results obtained for particular operating points are used to define an analytical correlation based on the numerical calculation relations. This numerical analysis goes with an experimental approach in order to elaborate the corresponding experimental correlations. This study shows that numerical solutions can present a good accuracy, if uncertainty data introduced by this approach are taken into account. The second research problem addressed in this study is the determination of the Contact Thermal Resistances (RTCs), which are key parameters in the definition of the MTD. The determination procedure of the RTCs is based on two parametric identification approaches. The first one is experimental and based on some observations of the thermal behavior of the machine. The second one is based on a mathematical model reduction approach. The determined values are consistent with results from literature, although the Synchrel machine differs in topology, size and power. Using the numerical correlations, the MTD is used to evaluate the temperature deviation due to error terms introduced by the CFD approach. Then, using these experimental correlations, the MTD’s quality can be checked and approved. Parametric identification approaches lead to the construction of two secondorder thermal models of the machine. These models allow monitoring the thermal behavior of the winding and the casing. Both simplified models show satisfactory predictability with respect to their great simplicity
Idoughi, Mohand Laïd. „Extraction de modèles thermiques simplifiés des machines électriques à partir d’un calcul du champ de températures“. Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA112291/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe temperature rise is one of the main parameters limiting the power of electrical machine. In fact in the stator windings the temperature rise decreases the performances of its insulation system and it can reduce the life time of the motors and it may even lead to the motor failure. Appropriate models of the windings are necessary to find the hot spot of the machine. The work proposed in this thesis focuses on the extraction of simplified thermal models in order to evaluate the temperature distribution. An approach based on a numerical method (Finite Integration Technique) has been developed allowing the identification of the thermal model parameters. As a first step the homogenization of the winding is necessary to obtain the thermal model of the stator slot which has a complex heterogeneous structure requiring careful modeling. The objective is then to replace the conductors and the resin by one homogenous material that reproduces a similar thermal behavior. Several homogenization techniques are used to determine the effective thermal conductivity of the composite material. We are also interested to study different configurations or distributions of the conductors in the slot to limit heat dissipation in the windings of electrical machines. The second part of this thesis presents a method, based on the Finite Integration Technique (FIT) for the discretization that gives us an equivalent thermal model allowing the evaluation of transient temperature evolutions in the slot with low calculation cost
Recouvreur, Philippe. „Etude du comportement thermique d'un compartiment moteur automobile : modélisation et analyse système“. Poitiers, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999POIT2371.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleArnault, Axel. „Simulation et optimisation de l'intégration de matériaux à changement de phase dans une zone thermique“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28549/28549.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGuenoun, Smail. „Transfert thermique dans les dispositifs mécaniques soumis aux frottements : modélisation et expérimentation“. Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100196.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnalytical, numerical and experimental tools are developed in this thesis to determine the temperatures and the thermal contact parameters in solids subjected to frictional heating. This friction takes place I the periphery of rotating machines. We were interested in two types of contacts: (i) ring-rollers of a bearing; made of 3 cylinders with parallel axes and (ii) disc-sector; equivalent to the brush-collector contact of an electric generator. For the first configuration we propose, on the one hand, an analytical model to determine the heat partition coefficient and the temperatures of the 3 solids, and on the other hand, a numerical modeling to study the convection phenomena in the bearing gap. For the second configuration, an experimental study serve to complete the analytical and numerical models developed to determine the temperatures, the partition of heat flux at the sector-disc contact and the thermal contact parameters. This latter are estimated through inverse methods. We present the evolution of temperatures and the partition of heat flux for the two studied configurations and we analyze the tendencies observed as a function of the physical parameters involved. We propose correlations for the Nusselt number associated to the convection in the cavity formed by the rings and the rollers of the bearing. The experimental study, together with the analytical model developed for the sector-disc device, made it possible to estimate the intrinsic heat partition coefficient and the thermal contact resistance from the temperature measurements taken at different points of the sector and disc
Montavon, Ghislain. „Etude expérimentale et modélisation heuristique de la formation d'un dépôt en projection thermique : : application à la mise en forme par projection thermique“. Besançon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BESAA001.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIdoughi, Mohand Laïd. „Extraction de modèles thermiques simplifiés des machines électriques à partir d'un calcul du champ de températures“. Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00664666.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLi, Jianfei. „Modélisation de la formation des contraintes résiduelles dans les dépôts élaborés par projection thermique“. Besançon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2005BESA2061.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThermal spray processes consist in elaborating a coating on a workpiece in order to protect it against corrosion, wear or thermal fluxes for example. Since the coatings are formed by the flattening and solidification of molten droplets sprayed on the surface, they are affected by residual stresses during their elaboration. This study is devoted to the modelling of the residual stresses formation during the coating elaboration. These stresses have two major contributions: - quenching stresses appearing during the flattening, solidification and cooling of individual splats. - thermal stresses appearing during the workpiece overall cooling down. The finite element SYSWELD software was used in the present study. It is specialized in the modelling of stresses induced during welding applications. Since thermal aspects play an important role in the formation of stresses for thermally sprayed coatings, they were first considered. The influence of thermal fluxes transferred to different shape workpieces using different trajectories is hence first presented. Moreover, the stresses formation modelling is presented in the last chapter. The cases of alumina and molybdenum coatings sprayed on a steel substrate are considered. Numerical results show that the overall residual stress level may be modified by using cooling devices during the coating elaboration
Trigeol, Jean-François. „Identification des pertes dans une machine électrique par une approche thermique et à l'aide d'une technique inverse“. Poitiers, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004POIT2295.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study consists in identifying, with a thermal approach, the different losses in an electric machine, some of them - losses in the magnetic material - being at present ill-known. With this intention, an induction motor is equipped with thermal sensors. Then this machine is introduced in a test bench enabling us to execute thermal, electrical ant mechanical measures. At the same time, a refined nodal thermal model is elaborated. The internal convective transfers are represented from results obtained with the help of a CFD tool. A specific experimental trial brought us to validate this model. Finally, an inverse technique is applied to identify the amount of the various losses from the experimental results obtained in operating cases differing either in the applied load level, or in the nature or the value of the power supply voltage, or in the type of the used rotor
Berour, Nacer. „Modélisation du transfert de chaleur par rayonnement, conduction et convection : Application aux fours verriers“. Nancy 1, 2005. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2005_0152_BEROUR.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleStudy of coupled heat transfer through radiation, conduction and convection has been carried out and detailed in this PhD memory. Non grey semitransparent media at high temperatures are studied. Acute description of involved physical phenomena leads us to develop several numerical methods for such materials. Radiative heat transfer equation (RTE), Navier-Stokes equations and energy balance are solved with the finite volume method (FVM). Analytical solutions cannot be considered for such problems owing to their complexity. Besides numerical treatment induces necessary approximation in order to rewrite characteristical equations describing the real problem. In the case of RTE modelling a new differencing scheme has been proposed, on the other side Navier-Stokes transport equations are solved with a modified QUICK scheme. Both techniques ensure efficient modelling. The achieved simulation codes have been used for glass melting process description. An enhanced model describes a float glass furnace behaviour, from the material feeding to the refined glass extraction
Tonon, Claire. „Modèle de comportement des revêtements de contrôle thermique en environnement spatial simulé“. École nationale supérieure de l'aéronautique et de l'espace (Toulouse ; 1972-2007), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ESAE0014.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMaranzana, Gaël. „Modélisation thermique des composants électroniques de puissance par la méthode des quadripôles“. Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2003. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_2003_MARANZANA_G.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMezani, Smaïl. „Modélisation électromagnétique et thermique des moteurs à induction, en tenant compte des harmoniques d'espace“. Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2004. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_2004_MEZANI_S.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work is interested in the study of the electromagnetic and thermal behaviors of the induction motor. A state of the art is initially drawn up, where we have presented and discussed the current methods dealing with electromagnetic and thermal modeling of induction motors. An electromagnetic model, that uses the 2D complex finite element method to solve the field equations, is developed. The rotor movement is accounted for by coupling the air gap field, for each space harmonic, using the double air gap method. The superposition principle permits the determination of the final solution. To deal with non linear problems, an approach that introduces equivalent reluctivities, is proposed. We have assumed that the saturation is only due to the first space harmonic. A thermal model is elaborated by using the nodal method. The machine is cut up into 11 cylindrical lumped elements, the thermal model represents the juxtaposition of these lumped elements. The electromagnetic and thermal models are, weakly, coupled together for a more precise determination of the temperature distribution inside the motor. Ln the validation phase of our work, we have designed a test bench that allows specific torque and temperature measurements. The comparison of the calculations and the measurements is satisfactory
Jacquin, Dimitri. „Modélisation de l'histoire thermomécanique des zones soudées en Friction Stir Welding : application à la prévision des microstructures“. Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EMSE0001.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA simple three dimensional thermomechanical model for FSW is presented. It is developed from the model proposed by Heurtier based on a combination of fluid mechanics numerical and analytical velocity fields. Those velocity fields are introduced in a steady state thermal calculation to compute the temperature field during the welding. The complete thermomechanical history of the material during the process can then be accessed by temperature and strain rate contours. Thermal diffusion and convection effects are accounted for by means of the particular derivative formula. A new formalism is introduced to better simulate the thermal effect of the shoulder on the upper surface of the metal sheet. The strains, strain rates and temperatures to which each element of the base metal is subjected as a function of time during the welding, is computed by integration along the flow lines. The calculated results are in good agreement with experimental measurements performed on a AA2024-T3 alloy friction stir welded joint. An additional microstructural modelling based on the Gourdet-Montheillet CDRX modelling is use to validate the first thermomechanical model
Beaubert, François. „Simulation des grandes échelles turbulentes d'un jet plan en impact“. Nantes, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NANT2022.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work deals with the study of a plane turbulent impinging jet using large eddy simulation. Plane impinging jets are widely used in the industrial domain ; they find many applications in the processing and manufacturing of materials and in the heating and cooling of surfaces.
Humbert, Laurent. „Modélisation thermique et cinétique du vapocraquage de mélanges gazeux légers“. Aix-Marseille 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX30005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis memo describes the development of a steam-cracking furnace model to optimise furnace operating conditions. The model is a knowledge model using heat transfer laws, pressure drop equation and simplified kinetic reactions scheme. The coking model and its effects on furnace operations are taken into account in model. Coke is the principal constraint which reduces run length and decreases the selectivity of steam cracking operations. The first part of this report describes the literature and the existing tools. It presents also the version developed for Lavera old horizontal gas furnaces cracking. The second part is development, tuning and validation of the model for new vertical furnaces. The kinetic scheme from the previous version has been tuned by little adjustment of the kinetic constants. Heat transfer, pressure drop and coking models are updated with new laws to improve the results of the models and to take into account of the new technology of the furnace. Then, the model has been tuned on a large set of industrial data and validated following a sever procedure before use in simulation. Applications of the model, which are the justification of the work progressed, are described in the third part. The first application is to follow actual runs to check the running conditions of the furnace and to detect as soon as possible any unexpected event. The second application is optimisation of turn operating conditions to improve the benefit of the plant. .
Leroy, Valérie. „Contribution à la modélisation des feux de forêts : Cinétique de dégradation thermique et Cinétique de combustion des végétaux“. Corte, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CORT4003.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOn the international plan, the works of forest fires modelling show that the chemistry of lignocellulosic fuels, in fire condition, was badly know. The scope of this pHD thesis was to bring a contribution to the understanding of : Thermal kinetics degradation of plants,Combustion kinetics of gases emitted during the pyrolysis. The use of a hybrid kinetic method brought knowledge on the quantification of the mass loss during degradation, and the kinetic model of thermal degradation of fuels. On the other hand the combustion of a mixture CH4/CO/CO2 was studied in a perfectly stirred reactor. At first, a skeletal mechanism was developed from a detail known mechanism of methane oxidation. In a second time, the application of steady state assumption ended a reduced mechanism including only 4 global reactions. The reduced mechanism can be henceforth introduced in a computational fluid dynamic code
Roser, Robert. „Modélisation thermique de bouilleurs à tubes horizontaux : étude numérique et validation expérimentale“. Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX11063.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChahboune, Abderazak. „L'isomérisation du polyacétylène-cis au sein d'un film du polyacétylène-(cis,trans) sous l'impact d'un faisceau laser : modélisation cinétique et thermique“. Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20093.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSaunier, Sébastien. „Influence d'un gradient thermique sur le frittage d'alumines : approche expérimentale, modélisation et simulation numérique“. Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EMSE0004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWith the development of the new sintering processes, thermal cycles become more and more shorter. Such thermal cycles lead to thermal gradients development into the sample. Then, a question can be asked : What are the consequences of these gradients on material sinterability. Within this framework, this study aims to bring a better understanding of the temperature gradient effects on alumina sintering. For that, a furnace was developed. Thanks to this furnace, the effects of a thermal gradient have been investigated independently of a fast heating rate. Comparisons were performed between sintering with and without thermal gradient (for the same heating rate and same annealing period). Experimental results showed that a thermal gradient applied in the initial stage of sintering conducts to a delay of the specific surface area drop and finally to an increase of densification. Moreover, it was shown that a thermal gradient applied at the beginning of sintering can modify the impurities' mobility. If the gradient is applied during the intermediary and final stage of sintering, it leads to important changes in the characteristics of the final material : an increase of densification and a reduction of the average particle size occur simultaneously. These results were correlated with the development of internal stresses in the material. From these considerations and characteristics of the studied powders, a model of sintering was developed using bingham-like constitutive equations. The simulations carried out starting from this model showed, contrary to the model classically used to describe sintering (newtonian model), a good adequacy with the experimental results
Mokhtari, Hatem. „Simulation de la perturbation thermique dans un câble coaxial : proposition d'un nouveau type de capteur de température“. Metz, 1992. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1992/Mokhtari.Hatem.SMZ923.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe have studied the propagation of the TEM coaxial mode in a linear temperature gradient along the whole transmission line by means of two different numerical methods namely, the finite difference method and a PSpice simulation program model. The first numerical method allowed us to design a new temperature sensor because the finite difference method is a costless procedure for the computation of the attenuation and phase along the coaxial cable of different lengths. The simulation program has been used as a comparing method with the finite difference method. In both numerical models, the whole coaxial cable is considered as a cascaded linear quadripoles whose general primary parameters, resistance and inductance per unit length especially, increases with the longitudinal distance. Different parameters such as attenuation or phase are computed using a recurrent model equations taking into account the temperature variations. The temperature sensor uses also a similar recurrent equation model
Lafon, Jean-Philippe. „Synthèse, stabilité thermique et frittage d'hydroxyapatites carbonatées“. Limoges, 2004. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/01944990-650e-4d4b-8a6b-6fb386bd453c/blobholder:0/2004LIMO0007.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSingle-phased B-type carbonated apatites (substitution of phosphate ions by carbonate ions) Ca10-xx(PO4)6-x(CO3)x(OH)2-xx (with 0 £ x £ 2) were synthesised by precipitation in aqueous media with regulated pH and temperature conditions, in order to produce bone substitutes. The ratio of carbonate substitution in the apatite was controlled by the carbonate to phosphorus (C/P) molar ratio of reagents and increased with it. Powders were single phased of apatitic structure if (C/P) did not exceed 1. For higher values, the synthesis led to a biphasic precipitate CaCO3 or CaO and apatite. The decarbonatation reaction under partial pressures of water vapour, CO2 and inert gas was governed by a bivariant equilibrium. It implies an apatitic solid solution made of two constituents and a secondary phase of CaCO3 or CaO. Thermodynamically, the decarbonatation reaction depended only on the partial pressure of CO2 and on the initial composition of the apatite. However, the reaction is catalysed by water vapour. In the same time but independently of the B sites decarbonatation equilibrium, depending on the temperature, partial pressures of CO2 and H2O the A sites ("hydroxide" sites) can loss or gain carbonate or hydroxide ions according to a trivariant system of two equilibria between three constituents of an apatite solid solution. A partial pressure of CO2 in the sintering atmosphere allowed to prevent the decarbonatation of the B sites at temperatures authorizing the densification of the materials. So, the different compositions synthesised in this study could be densified beyond 95%. The sintering temperature decreased when the carbonate substitution ratio in B sites of the apatite increased, but raised when the carbonate substitution ratio in A sites augmented. The presence of water vapour in the sintering atmosphere enhanced the sintering by inhibiting A sites carbonatation
Menetrier, Cédric. „Modélisation thermique appliquée aux bassins sédimentaires : Bassin de Paris (France) et Bassin de Sabinas (Mexique)“. Nancy 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NAN10205.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMaliwan, Kittinan. „Modélisation de l'action des vibrations sur les écoulements de convection thermique ou solutale en milieux poreux“. Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30137.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe present work, we study analytically the effect of the action of high-frequency vertical vibration on the onset of the convective motion in mono and multi-component fluids in porous media. The geometry considered is a "Rayleigh-Bénard" configuration. Generalized Darcy-Brinkman mathematical model is taken into account to describe convective flows. In the framework of Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation, the induced convective motion due to temperature field or concentration field in the presence of gravitational and vibrational fields are studied by using time-averaged method. In the first part of this work, the case of porous media saturated by pure fluid is considered. The critical parameters are found by applying Galerkin method. The asymptotic analysis is also performed to obtain an analytical relation in the case of small Darcy numbers. It is shown that high-frequency vertical vibration can delay convective instabilities and, in this way, reduce the convective flow. In the case of very small Darcy numbers, the weakly non-linear analysis is then carried out to obtain an expression for Nusselt number. .
Wang, Hao. „Contribution à l'étude thermique des contacts périodiques solide-solide“. Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPL040N.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBarillon, Cristelle. „Degré topologique et modélisation de problèmes d'explosion thermique“. Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10020.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChabot, Christian. „Analyse numérique du changement de phase solide-liquide autour d'un tube horizontal soumis à une sollicitation thermique périodique“. Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26949.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis master thesis presents a mathematical and numerical model to analyze the behavior of a latent solid-liquid heat storage unit represented by a tube surrounded by phase change material. The system is undergoing an oscillating load of heating and cooling. A scale analysis predicts the behavior of the system with regard to the main governing dimensionless numbers. A normalized parameter is proposed to delineate designs in which conduction dominates compared to those in which natural convection dominates. The study reveals the impact of major thermal storage unit design parameters on its operation and deepens our knowledge in the field of phase change with natural convection. Various indicators, such as the size of the thermally affected zone around the tube, the molten or solidified volume and a frequency analysis, have been developed to analyze the system performance. Correlations are proposed to easily determine the system behavior.
Deddy, Bezeid. „Conception thermique d’une paroi complexe de datacentre pour une optimisation énergétique“. Lorient, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORIS274.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe reduction of energy consumption for telecommunication buildings is an international challenge for main telecommunication operators and principal actors of internet. Indeed, in these buildings there are electronics equipment with a strong power density and thus a very important thermal contribution. Therefore it is necessary to use large air-conditioning systems in order to maintain ambient conditions (temperature and relative humidity of the air) in fixed ranges. One possible approach for limit installed air conditioning systems is to clip the peaks of internal temperature by using a heat storage in the wall and by adopting a night cool storage directly in the masonry. In this thesis, the study describes a numerical and experimental study in order to define new conceptions of optimized telecommunication buildings. Walls are used in order to increased heat transfer and reduced cooling energy consumption. In the first step, the temperature response of the internal volume 1 m3 were followed and simulated under different test conditions. The thermal inertia is increased by incorporating phase change materials (PCM microencapsulated paraffin) in concrete. From experience and measurements of thermophysical properties, a one dimensional thermal model conduction that represents heat transfer in the walls were developed and validated. From these studies, a specific component, representative of a multilayer wall with PCM, is developed and coupled to TRNSYS Type 56. These TRNSYS developments are then applied to the study of a real "data center" site. After confrontation with experimental data, different configurations of walls have been studied in order to improve thermal inertia. New building architectures are proposed in order to reduce cooling energy consumption
Sfaxi, Youssef. „Contribution à l'étude numérique et expérimentale du comportement thermique des dalles chauffantes“. Paris 12, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA120057.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSamba, Ahmadou. „Battery electrical vehicles analysis of thermal modelling and thermal management“. Caen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CAEN2003.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAdvanced research on rechargeable Lithium-ion batteries has allowed for large format and high-energy batteries to be largely used in Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs). For transportation applications, beside limitations of driving range, long charging time is still considered as an important barrier for a wide use of BEVs. The increase of the charging current amplitude may however subject the battery to stressful situations and can significantly increase the temperature of the battery. These phenomena reduce the battery’s lifetime and performances and in worst-case scenario, thermal runaway can occur. To avoid this, there is a need for an optimized thermal management in order to keep the battery in a safe and beneficial range of operating conditions. Firstly, in this PhD dissertation a two-dimensional electrical-thermal model has been developed to predict the cell temperature distribution over the surface of the battery. This model requires less input parameters and still has high accuracy. In addition, a novel estimation tool has been developed for estimation of the thermal model parameters. Furthermore, the thermal behavior of the proposed battery has been investigated at different environmental conditions as well as during the abuse conditions for assessment of thermal stability of the battery. Taking into account the harsh thermal distribution, an advanced three-dimensional electrochemical-thermal model has been developed in order to investigate the impact of the cell design on the thermal, voltage and current distributions in order to avoid high non-homogenous distribution. The developed model allows us to optimize the cell design, in order to achieve the longest lifetime and high performances of battery cell. Finally, different thermal management strategies such as liquid cooling and passive cooling using phase change material embedded in an aluminium-foam (liquid-solid phase change) have been investigated and compared in depth by applying real BEV drive cycles. The main objective of this study is to decrease the complexity, the weight, the volume and the cost and to maintain high safety according to the best strategy
Maref, Wahid. „Modélisation des champs thermique et dynamique des écoulements turbulents en régime instationnaire dans un conduit de fumée : contribution à l'étude du phénomène de condensation des gaz de combustion“. Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT054H.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWang, Xi. „Prédiction et analyse numérique d’écoulements turbulents avec transfert thermique dans des cavités ventilées à l’aide d’un modèle à relaxation elliptique“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10075/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this work is to predict numerically turbulent airflow with heat transfer in indoor environment using an elliptic relaxation model. This approach named v² -f has been proposed for modelling near-wall turbulence. In this study, numerical investigations have been carried out in three configurations and validated on available experimental data and numerical results from the models considered, k -[epsilon]RNG model of Yakhot & Orszag, k -[omega] SST model of Menter and Reynolds stress model. The analysis and comparison of results obtained shows that the v² -f model provides a better prediction for the velocity fields and temperature fields with a reasonable computational time. All comparisons of thermal comfort indices suggest that
Baccar, Mounir. „Modélisation numérique tridimensionnelle du comportement hydrodynamique et thermique en cuve agitée“. Toulouse, INPT, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPT001G.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMa, Qiang. „Etude sur le transport d'énergie thermique à bas niveau à longues distances par procédé d'absorption ammoniac-eau“. Chambéry, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CHAMS016.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this thesis, the object is to evaluate the potentials and the performances of the ammonia-water absorption processes in the transportation of low-grade thermal energy over long distance. First of all, it contains the already employed systems for the transportation of low-grade thermal energy over long distance and understands their limitations. After this state-of-the-art introduction, the mathematical model of the ammonia-water absorption system is presented. The analysis of the performance of the transportation of low-grade thermal energy over long distance with this kind of systems is detailed. The output temperatures ranges are presented. The impact of the transportation process on the performance is studied. The investment cost of the transportation pipes was evaluated. Novel ammonia-water absorption cycles are proposed for the revalorization of the low-grade thermal energy. And then, a small-scale prototype is installed to experimentally verifier the thermodynamic feasibility. In order to complete the study, the economical analysis is realized
Arab, Mohamed-Raed. „Reconstruction stochastique 3D d'un matériau céramique poreux à partir d'images expérimentales et évaluation de sa conductivité thermique et de sa perméabilité“. Limoges, 2010. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/2578ac4a-0866-4b80-b236-3397ae428fff/blobholder:0/2010LIMO4013.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe three-dimensional reconstructionof a representative sample of a biphasic ceramic material from a 2D structural image is proposed. The algorithm is of stochastic nature and is based on the minimization by a simulated annealing scheme. The statistical method of Lattice Boltzmann is presentedto simulate the phenomena of mass transport in order to estimate the permeability of the sample by a model LB D3Q19. The “effective” thermal conductivity in the 3D space is evaluated by the finite difference method by a Dufort-Frankel scheme. The tests show the ability of the reconstruction tool associated with the tools for simulations of phenomena of heat and mass transfer to digitally synthesize heterogeneous or porous materials and determine its physical parameters
Khalfallaoui, Saoussen. „Comportement dynamique et automatisation d’un système solaire thermique muni d’un traqueur solaire“. Rouen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ROUES020.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work deals with the study of a thermal solar system. The thermal behaviour is investigated in unsteady state with regard to the intermittency of sunlight. The modelling of this system was carried out taking into account a global approach to make an energy balance for each component of the thermal solar system. A simulation tool was developed under the MATLAB environment using Simulink ® tool for solving this knowledge model. This model is validated by comparing simulation results to measurement data obtained on the experimental set-up. Energy efficiency of the solar system and the instantaneous efficiency of solar collectors have been studied in unsteady state. The realisation of a solar tracker has been completed. The gain in thermal energy with solar tracker has been studied in comparison with the configuration in which the solar collectors are fixed at different inclinations