Thematische Bibliographien / Conditions du recuit

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Conditions du recuit“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 18. Mai 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Conditions du recuit"

El Moctar, C. O., S. Marsillac, J. C. Bernede, A. Conan, K. Benchouk und A. Khelil. „Réalisation de couches minces de CuAlSe2 par recuit de feuilllets superposés Cu/Al/Se/Al…, étude de conditions de dépét“. physica status solidi (a) 174, Nr. 1 (Juli 1999): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1521-396x(199907)174:1<213::aid-pssa213>3.0.co;2-8.

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Gallardo, Carlos S., Marcela Filún und Cristian Manque. „Kingiella chilenica (Bivalvia: Cyamiidae); population dynamics, rates of survival, embryo production and annual recruitment of a semelparous brooding clam“. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 86, Nr. 4 (15.06.2006): 757–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315406013671.

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Kingiella chilenica, a brooder mollusc, inhabiting soft bottoms of estuarine tidal flats of southern Chile, is well suited to study larval recruitment. It is a tiny semelparous clam with an annual cycle, and whose recruits must survive an inhospitable winter season prior to growing and reaching reproductive maturity in the following summer season. The population dynamics of this clam was studied through periodic sampling over two successive years to follow fluctuations in its' abundance. Obtained data on embryo production and recruit survival over both periods shows that population abundance varied widely between the two years of study. A high level on recruit survival through the winter of the first year resulted in high numbers of adults in the corresponding summer reproductive season. An inverse situation occurred in the second year, with lower recuit survival and, consequently, fewer reproducing adults. However, the lower abundance of adults in the second year was compensated by their having a higher survival rate over the reproductive season as compared with adults of the previous year. Independently of the abundance of the adults, the number of embryos incubated per female was very similar between both periods. Consequently, we suggest that the net contribution of juveniles produced by females per unit substrate was similar between the annual cycles studied. As predicted for a semelparous species (high reproductive effort), the maximization of the reproductive contribution was clearly reflected by a drop in adult somatic weight, particularly in incubating females. Previous data on abundance for this population suggested inter-annual differences of a high magnitude, with periods (e.g. 1986–1988) with abundances reaching 2–6× that presently reported. Probably, stable environmental conditions (e.g. 1986–1988) promote high abundance and survival of reproducers allowing a large contribution of recruits, which in turn show high degrees of survival through the adult phase. The years reported here (2003–2005), however, represent a period of population decline to lower, perhaps minimum, levels.

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Mohamed, A., A. Hamza und A. Derbalah. „Recent approaches for controlling downy mildew of cucumber under greenhouse conditions“. Plant Protection Science 52, No. 1 (02.06.2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/63/2015-pps.

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Calvario, José Eduardo, María del Carmen Arellano, Juan Manuel Rodríguez und Lourdes Camarena-Ojinaga. „Condiciones de vida y COVID-19 en comunidades agrícolas: personas jornaleras de Sonora y Baja California, México“. Revista culturales 11, Vol. 11. 2023 (12.10.2023): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22234/recu.20231101.e740.

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El objetivo es analizar las condicionantes sociales y de cuidado ante el COVID-19 en zonas agrícolas de Baja California y Sonora, México. La investigación, realizada de junio de 2020 a julio de 2021, fue de corte cualitativo por medio de 34 entrevistas semiestructuradas a personas que laboraron en campos agrícolas durante los primeros meses de la pandemia. El acceso a los sistemas locales de salud formal fue insuficiente en algunos momentos, pero también hubo resistencia a utilizarlos, y prefirieron poner en práctica saberes de medicina tradicional. Las precarias condiciones de las viviendas, el hacinamiento y las dificultades de acceso a los servicios públicos, como agua entubada, obstaculizaron las prácticas de prevención que se implementaron. Las condiciones de vulnerabilidad social contribuyeron para que en estas comunidades agrícolas se siguiera trabajando para sobrevivir, mientras que las precarias condiciones de vida imposibilitaron el cuidado cotidiano centrado en el distanciamiento social.

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Hasumi, Otohiko. „Recent Social Conditions Relating Social Research“. TRENDS IN THE SCIENCES 9, Nr. 2 (2004): 67–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5363/tits.9.2_67.

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Tokunaga, R. „Recent problems on labor condition.“ Sangyo Igaku 32, Nr. 7 (1990): 553–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1539/joh1959.32.553.

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Mekiňová, Lenka, Michal Ješeta, Igor Crha, Karel Crha, Jan Vodička, Robert Hudeček, Kateřina Remundová, Eva Matušková und Radovan Pilka. „Selected pathological conditions affecting endometrial receptivity“. Česká gynekologie 87, Nr. 6 (23.12.2022): 416–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.48095/cccg2022416.

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Objective: A summary of new knowledge on embryo implantation in dependence on quality of the endometrium. Methods: Literature review from August 2022 of the relevant publications in Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed/Medline databases, focused on “endometrial receptivity”, “polycystic ovary syndrome”, “endometriosis”, “SARS-CoV-2”. Results: The receptive state of the endometrium is a result of physiological remodeling and immune system activity modulated by the microbiome. This balance can be disturbed by myomas, polyps, sactosalpings, adenomyosis, endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome, infections. The effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection is being discussed. For a successful implantation, timing of transfer is crucial. The ultrasound examination is used conventionally. In specific cases, hysteroscopy and endometrium bio psy are recommended. Histological and immunohistochemical evaluation is performed together with examination of microbiome or transcriptome. To support the implantation, gestagenes are used, or metformin in the patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. In cases of a repeated implantation failure, the intrauterine infusion of mononuclear cells or platelet rich plasma is used, subcutaneous application of granulocyte colony stimulating growth factor, intravenous application of atosiban or intrauterine application of human chorionic gonadotropin. Conclusion: Recent research in the field of transcriptomics, proteomics and reproductive immunology uncovers the process of implantation more deeply and opens a new stage of the assisted reproduction. Key words: receptivity of endometrium – implantation – SARS-CoV-2 – endometriosis – polycystic ovaries – adenomyosis – proteome – secretome

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Christiansen, Christian, und Steen Lomholt. „Recent depositional conditions in Egens Vig, Denmark“. Geografisk Tidsskrift-Danish Journal of Geography 85, Nr. 1 (Januar 1985): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00167223.1985.10649214.

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Chung, Chung Kil. „Conditions of Successful Administrative Reform -A Historical Perspective-“. Korean Journal of Policy Studies 8 (31.12.1993): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.52372/kjps08001.

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When a new president is elected, it is generally assumed that one of the president's challenges is to reform government operations. Recent reforms in Korean government had been mainly those of changes of government structures: these changes have included the consolidation of organizational functions and the dismantling of inefficient and unpopular agencies. They were the so-called cutback reforms. In May 1988, when popularly elected President Rho announced the establishment of the Administrative Reform Commission (ARC), many believed that administrative reform would be critical to the president's effort to democratize the governmental processes of the Sixth Republic. In July 1989, the ARC submitted its proposals for reform to the Ministry of General Affairs(MGA): these proposals recommended a wide range of structural and functional changes. The MGA, serving as the secretariat to the ARC, distributed the report to each ministry and agency and invited their opinions.

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Antošová, A., N. Birčiaková und J. Stávková. „Income aspects of Czech farmers’ living conditions“. Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 59, No. 6 (12.06.2013): 262–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/133/2012-agricecon.

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The paper analyses the income and living conditions of farm households in the Czech Republic. The period under review ware the years of 2005–2010 since more recent data was not available when this paper was being prepared. The primary source of data is the results of the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU SILC) survey. The structure of farm households is established by the household type, education, and economic activity. Households have been assigned to particular groups based on the situation of the household leader. The primary indicator is the average disposable income per 1 equivalent member. Other indicators under review include poverty, poverty depth, and material deprivation. The national poverty line has been defined as 60% of the median average equivalent income. Another important aspect also includes the households’ subjective views of the selected matters.  

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Conditions du recuit"

Kadoun, Abd-Ed-Daim. „Optimisation des conditions du recuit rapide isotherme sur substrats InP encapsulés InGaAs pour application aux composants avancés“. Lyon, INSA, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ISAL0036.

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Ce travail à débuté par une recherche des conditions optimales de recuit dans une machine à lampes à chambre de quartz (Addax R1000), en géométrie sandwich, ou en nacelle graphite revouverte de SiC, en vue de minimiser la dégradation par perte de phosphore. Il est montré qu'une couche de InGaAs épitaxiée par jet moléculaire (MBE) sur me substrat InP constitue une protection efficace contre la dégradation thermique du matériau. La dégradation résiduelle a été étudiée sur divers substrats non intentionnellement dopés (type n) et semi-isolants dopés Fe par caractérisation électrique C(V) et spectroscopie thermique capacitive (DLTS) et de photo courant (PICTS). Le résultat le plus marquant de cette étude, est l'apparition dans le matériau non dopé d'une zone appauvrie en porteurs libres en surface, et d'épaisseur variable selon la séquence des procédés subie par le matériau recuit, qui n'existe pas sur le substrat vierge. Un e compensationuniforme en volume est observée après croisement MB. Ces effects sont parfaitement corrélés avec l’apparition simultanée en forte concentration d'un niveau profond à Ec-0,63ev, classiquement identifié au niveau accepteur Fe3+/Fe2+ associé à Fe en site IN dans InP, corrélation confirmée par des mesures de spectroscopie optique (DLOS) et par analyse à la sonde ionique (SIMS). L'encapsulation InGaAs est enfin appliquée au recuit d'implantation pour les technologies MISFET. Un e redistribution de Fe corrélée aux profils des espèces implantées est observé
We started this work by are research on the optimised annealing conditions in a quartz chamber lamp furnace (Addax R1000) using a sandwich or a SiC-coated graphite cell configuration, in order to minimise the degradation due to phosphorus loss. We show that an MBE-epitaxial InGaAs layer grown onto InP substrate is an efficient protection against material thermal degradation. Capacitance-voltage measurements C(V) deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) and photo-induced current spectroscopy (PICTS) analysis were implemented for the purpose of investigating the residual degradation in non intentionally doped (n-type) and semi-insulating De-doped substrates. The most prominent result of this study is the appearance in the undoped material of a depletion surface region which is not observed in a virgin substrate and whose thickness depends on teh process sequencies underwent by the annealed substrate. An uniform carrier compensation is observed after MBE growth. Those effects are quite correlated to the appearance in a high concentration of an Ec-0,63eV deep level, classically identified with the Fe3+/Fe2+ acceptor level which is due to the Fe on In sites in InP. This correlation is confirmed by optical spectroscopy measurements (DLOS) and secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis (SIMS). Finally, the InGaAs encapsulation was applied to the post-implantation annealing in MISFET technologies. An Fe redistribution correlated to the profiles of the implanted species is observed

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Laurent-Brocq, Mathilde. „Synthèse et caractérisation d'un acier ODS préparé par un procédé inspiré du broyage réactif - Etude de l'influence des conditions de broyage et recuit“. Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00632463.

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Dans le cadre du développement des aciers ODS (Oxide Dispersion Strengthened) pour le cœur des réacteurs nucléaires du futur, ce travail s'est focalisé sur l'étude d'une nouvelle voie de synthèse inspirée du broyage réactif, consistant à remplacer le réactif Y2O3 par YFe3 et Fe2O3, et sur l'influence des conditions de synthèse sur les caractéristiques des nano-oxydes. Pour cela, des aciers ODS ont été synthétisés par broyage et recuit et des caractérisations multi-échelles ont été effectuées après chaque étape de la synthèse. En particulier, on a utilisé la sonde atomique tomographique et la diffusion des neutrons aux petits angles. On a ainsi montré que le procédé inspiré du broyage réactif permet la synthèse d'un acier ODS mais qu'il ne modifie pas les caractéristiques des nano-oxydes. Plus généralement, la forme des réactifs de broyage n'a pas d'influence sur la formation des nano-oxydes. Ensuite, on a mis en évidence que la germination des nano-oxydes pouvait commencer au cours du broyage avant de se poursuivre avec une cinétique très rapide au cours du recuit. Les caractéristiques des nano-oxydes ainsi formés peuvent être contrôlées en faisant varier les paramètres de broyage (intensité, température et atmosphère) et de recuit (durée et température). Enfin, on a montré qu'il était nécessaire de contrôler les conditions de broyage pour maîtriser l'état final d'un acier ODS.

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Brocq, Mathilde. „Synthèse et caractérisation d'un acier ODS préparé par un procédé inspiré du broyage réactif : étude de l'influence des conditions de broyage et recuit“. Rennes 1, 2010. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00657264.

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Dans le cadre du développement des aciers ODS (Oxide Dispersion Strengthened) pour le cœur des réacteurs nucléaires du futur, ce travail est consacré à l'étude d'une nouvelle voie de synthèse inspirée du broyage réactif, consistant à remplacer le réactif Y2O3 par YFe3 et Fe2O3, pour produire une dispersion nanométrique d’oxydes dans une matrice d’acier et à l'influence des conditions de synthèse sur les caractéristiques de ces nano-oxydes. Dans ce but, des aciers ODS ont été synthétisés par broyage et recuit et des caractérisations multi-échelles ont été effectuées après chaque étape de la synthèse. Au premier plan des techniques de caractérisation figurent la sonde atomique tomographique et la diffusion des neutrons aux petits angles. On a ainsi montré que le procédé inspiré du broyage réactif permet la synthèse d'un acier ODS avec une dispersion de nano-oxydes qui ont les mêmes caractéristiques que celles d’oxydes incorporés par broyage direct. Plus généralement, la forme des réactifs de départ n'a pas d'influence sur la formation des nano-oxydes par broyage. Ensuite, on a mis en évidence que la germination des nano-oxydes pouvait commencer au cours du broyage avant de se poursuivre avec une cinétique très rapide au cours du recuit. Les caractéristiques finales des nano-oxydes et donc celles des aciers ODS ainsi formés peuvent être contrôlées via les paramètres de broyage (intensité, température et atmosphère) et de recuit (durée et température)
In the context of the development of new ODS (Oxide Dispersion Strengthened) steels as core materials in future nuclear reactors, we investigated a new process inspired by reactive ball-milling which consists in using YFe3 and Fe2O3 as starting reactants instead of Y2O3 to produce a dispersion of nano-oxides in a steel matrix and the influence of synthesis conditions on the nano-oxide characteristics were studied. For that aim, ODS steels were prepared by ball-milling and then annealed. Multi-scale characterizations were performed after each synthesis step, using notably atom probe tomography and small angle neutron scattering. The process inspired by reactive ball-milling was shown to be efficient for ODS steel synthesis, but it does not modify the nano-oxide characteristics as compared to those of oxides directly incorporated in the matrix by ball-milling. Broadly speaking, the nature of the starting oxygen-bearing reactants has no influence on nano-oxide formation. Moreover, we showed that the nucleation of nano-oxides nucleation can start during milling and continues during annealing with a very fast kinetic. The final characteristics of nano-oxides formed in this way can be monitored through ball-milling parameters (intensity, temperature and atmosphere) and annealing parameters (duration and temperature)

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Chamas, Talal. „Etude des conditions de synthèse et de recristallisation par recuit rapide après implantation d'azote à forte dose dans du silicium : conséquences sur les propriétés électriques“. Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO10151.

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Des monocristaux de silicium |100| et |111| ont ete implantes avec des ions azote a forte dose (10#1#7 a 10#1#8 n#2#+/cm#2) a 160 kev pour synthetiser des films de nitrure de silicium si#3n#4. Les echantillons implantes ont ete recuits dans un four a lampes, a des temperatures d'environ 1200c pour des durees de 40 s. Afin de caracteriser le materiau etudie, differentes methodes d'analyse ont ete utilisees: retrodiffusion rutherford des ions en position aleatoire et en geometrie de canalisation (rbs); microscopie electronique en transmission (tem); mesures electriques. Les analyses en rbs nous ont permis de mesurer la quantie d'azote implantee et la repartition (profil) des elements, et d'estimer les defauts induits par implantation. Les observations tem en coupe transverse nous ont permis de connaitre les variations structurales de la zone implantee. Enfin les caracteristiques ont montre l'obtention de couches de nitrure d'epaisseur d'environ 1200 a. Ces epaisseurs deduites des mesures electriques confirment les mesures en rbs et tem. Pour expliquer la conduction des films, l'existence d'un effet poole-frenkel ou schottky est discutee. L'ensemble de cette etude montre que le materiau isolant synthetise par recuit rapide apres implantation correspond bien a un nitrure, mais presente une conductivite electrique tros elevee par rapport au si#3n#4 obtenupar d'autres methodes. La forte densite de courant observee est probablement liee a l'exces d'azote et aux techniques de recuits rapides qui ne realisent pas une synthese complete

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Ikhloufi, Ahmed El. „Contribution à l'étude des contraintes à l'interface céramo-métallique Ni-Cr (Mo, Si) / SiO2Al2O3K2O : influence des conditions de préparation de recuit et de dépôts multiples“. Toulouse, INPT, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986INPT016G.

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Etude des contraintes residuelles interfaciales d'un complexe ceramo-metallique ni-cr(mo,si)/sio::(2)-al::(2)o::(3)-k::(2)-o. La methode de determination par diffraction des rx a permis de suivre l'evolution des contraintes a l'interface au cours des traitements de recuit et de depot. L'influence des conditions de prepration des surfaces (polissage, preoxydation. . . ) sur l'etat de contrainte est examinee. On determine egalement une correspondance entre les contraintes et les figures d'indentations de la ceramique

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GASSER, CHRISTOPHE. „Films minces supraconducteurs de cuprate de thallium : preparation par pulverisation cathodique et recuit ex situ. relation entre les conditions de synthese et la temperature critique“. Caen, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995CAEN2041.

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L'elaboration de couches minces supraconductrices de la phase tl#2ba#2cacu#2o#8 utilise un processus en deux etapes qui comporte le depot d'un film precurseur amorphe de stoechiometrie 2:2:1:2-tl:ba:ca:cu suivi d'une cristallisation de la couche. Celle-ci est effectuee par un recuit dans une enceinte confinee a cause de la grande volatilite des oxydes de thallium controlee par une contre pression d'oxygene. Nous avons montre que la morphologie de la surface des couches cristallisees est fortement dependante de la pression d'oxygene lors du recuit. Un optimum a ete determine avec une pression de 10 bars. Cette meme pression induit une diminution de la temperature critique (tc). Pour remedier a ce probleme, des recuits sous argon sont necessaires pour diminuer le taux d'oxygene dans les couches apres cristallisation et ainsi augmenter la tc. Pour mieux comprendre le role joue par l'oxygene dans la variation de la temperature critique, des mesures par spectroscopie d'absorption de rayons x ont ete effectuees. Les porteurs de charge intervenant dans la supraconductivite, sont dans ce materiau des trous de dopage dans la configuration electronique du cuivre. La presence de ces trous est dependante de l'oxydation de la couche cuo#2. La couche tlo sert de reservoir tampon pour la couche cuo#2. Les resultats obtenus pour l'elaboration de couches de la phase tl#2ba#2cacu#2o#8 ont ete utilises pour l'elaboration de la phase tl#2ba#2ca#2cu#3o#9. Les echantillons prepares ont permis l'etude de la symetrie et de la densite des trous de dopage et la comparaison du comportement de ces deux phases

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Charpentier, Coralie. „Investigation of deposition conditions and annealing treatments on sputtered ZnO:Al thin films : Material properties and application to microcristalline silicon solar cells“. Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00796955.

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La couche mince d'Oxyde Transparent Conducteur (OTC) utilisée en tant qu'électrode avant pour les cellules photovoltaïques silicium microcristallin est un matériau déterminant pour l'amélioration de leur rendement. Un OTC prometteur est l'oxyde de zinc dopé aluminium ZnO:Al déposé par pulvérisation cathodique magnétron RF. Une première partie du travail de thèse est dédiée à l'étude de l'influence des conditions de dépôt sur la microstructure, les mécanismes de croissance et les propriétés optoélectroniques du ZnO:Al. Nous avons ainsi obtenu un optimum en termes de transparence maximale dans le domaine visible et de résistivité minimale pour un dépôt réalisé à une pression de 0.12 Pa pour une température de 325 °C. Une seconde partie du travail de thèse porte sur l'effet de traitements après-dépôt, recuit thermique ou laser excimère, sur les propriétés du ZnO:Al déposé à température ambiante. L'influence de différentes atmosphères (sous-vide, N2/H2, et pur N2) et températures de recuit (de 400 à 500 °C) a été étudié. L'étape de recuit thermique a permis une amélioration notable des propriétés optoélectroniques de la couche ZnO:Al, jusqu'à une résistivité de 3.5×10-4 Ohm.cm pour une transmittance entre 400 et 1000 nm de 81.2%. L'étape de recuit laser, quant à elle, influe notamment les propriétés morphologiques du matériau. L'étape finale de ce travail de thèse est basée sur l'étude de la texturation chimique, étape ayant pour but la formation d'une morphologie de surface optimale, c'est-à-dire permettant le piégeage optique dans les couches actives silicium microcristallin et ce, sans altérer les qualités électriques de la couche. L'intégration de ces couches minces ZnO:Al en tant qu'électrode avant dans des cellules photovoltaïques PIN à base de silicium microcristallin à été et étudié en détail.

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Saoudi, Rania. „Comportement des matériaux magnétiques nanocristallins FeCuNbSiB lors du vieillissement sous contraintes thermique et électrique“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LYO10132.

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Dans le contexte de l'augmentation de l'efficacité énergétique, les systèmes électriques passent par une conception très compactée afin de réduire leurs volumes et poids, spécifiquement dans les systèmes intervenant dans les transports (automobile, ferroviaire et aérien). Cette compacité amène les matériaux magnétiques des nouveaux convertisseurs électriques à fonctionner dans environnements sévères (hautes températures et hautes fréquences). Cette thèse est consacrée pour étudier le comportement dans le temps (vieillissement) des matériaux nanocristallins FeCuNbSiB dédié à la conception des transformateurs, des inductances et des capteurs de courants. Différentes nuances de ces matériaux sont étudiées sachant que les échantillons sont fournis par APERAM Imphy sous forme des tores. En premier temps, les nanocristallins sont étudiées lors du vieillissement continu sous différentes températures. Plusieurs grandeurs macroscopiques magnétiques sont mesurées à chaque période de vieillissement. Afin d'expliquer le mécanisme du vieillissement, une analyse des énergies d'anisotropies est menée, compléter par des mesures à différentes échelles (locale, mésoscopique et microscopique). En deuxième temps, les propriétés magnétiques des nanocristallins sont suivis durant leur vieillissement thermique sous excitation alternée. Cette dernière est appliquée en utilisant des circuits électroniques conçus pour des capteurs de courant fluxgate fournis par LEM. Au final, l'impact du vieillissement magnétique des nanocristallins sur l'évolution des paramètres des capteurs est étudié
In the context of increasing energy efficiency, electrical systems need to be designed in a very compact way in order to reduce their volume and weight, specifically in systems used in transportation (automotive, rail and airplanes). This compactness leads the magnetic materials of the new electrical converters to operate in severe environments (high temperatures and high frequencies). This thesis focuses on the behavior over time (aging) of FeCuNbSiB nanocrystalline materials dedicated to the design of transformers, inductors and current sensors. Different grades of nanocrystalline materials were provided by our collaborator APERAM Imphy in the form of wound cores. At first, nanocrystalline materials are studied during continuous aging under different temperatures. In aim to monitor aging evolution, several macroscopic magnetic properties are measured at each aging period. In order to explain the aging mechanism, an analysis of the anisotropy energies is conducted, completed by measurements at different scales (local, mesoscopic and microscopic). Thereafter, the magnetic properties of nanocrystalline materials are monitored during their thermal aging under alternating excitation. The latter is applied using electronic circuits designed for fluxgate current sensors provided by LEM. Finally, the impact of magnetic aging of nanocrystals on the evolution of sensor parameters is studied

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Mateus, Freire Lucie. „Évolutions microstructurales et comportement en fluage à haute température d'un acier inoxydable austénitique“. Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEM016/document.

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La thèse est inscrite au sein du projet ASTRID, qui est un démonstrateur technologique pour les réacteurs de quatrième génération (Gen-IV). Le premier matériau choisi pour constituer les gaines de cœur est un acier inoxydable austénitique stabilisé au titane (type 15Cr-15Ni Ti). L’écrouissage à froid des gaines permet la précipitation de nano-carbures de titane en service sur les dislocations, retardant ainsi les phénomènes de restauration par effet d’épinglage. En conditions accidentelles (T > 650°C), et plus particulièrement dans le cas d’une perte de réfrigérant primaire, le comportement en fluage de ces gaines est très mal connu. L’objectif des travaux de thèse est donc de déterminer les mécanismes de déformation et de rupture en fluage, entre 650°C et 950°C, de cet acier à l’état non irradié.Dans un premier temps, les microstructures d’échantillons après différents recuits ont été comparées afin d’étudier l’influence de la température sur les évolutions métallurgiques. L’étude de la précipitation et des cinétiques de restauration et de recristallisation, ont permis de dresser les évolutions microstructurales sans charge appliquée.En plus d’étudier le comportement en fluage uniaxial de l’acier à haute température, les caractérisations des éprouvettes après essais ont permis de déterminer les évolutions microstructurales au cours et après essais de fluage (contributions simultanées de la température et de la contrainte). La comparaison avec les microstructures obtenues après recuits a mis en évidence une accélération de la cinétique de recristallisation sous charge, rendant l’effet de la contrainte sur ces évolutions non négligeable.Après fluage sous air aux plus basses températures (650°C et 750°C), les fractographies présentent une rupture globalement transgranulaire avec certaines zones intergranulaires. Après fluage sous vide secondaire à plus hautes températures (850°C et 950°C), un fort amincissement des éprouvettes et une striction quasiment complète dans l’épaisseur ont été observés. Ce fort amincissement se traduit par un alignement de cupules, caractéristique de ruptures 100% ductiles à très haute température
The ASTRID project aims at designing a fast-reactor prototype for the 4th generation of nuclear power plants. The material to be used for fuel cladding is a cold-worked austenitic stainless steel stabilized with titanium (15Cr-15Ni Ti type) and optimized in minor elements. This material was developed to limit recovery and irradiation-induced swelling and to improve microstructural stability and mechanical properties in normal operating conditions. In case of incidental situations (irradiation temperature > 650°C), the cladding might rapidly reach higher temperatures up to 950°C where its stability could be affected. The present work aims at improving knowledge and understanding of the microstructural evolution and creep behaviour of this steel at these temperatures (650°C-950°C).Microstructural characterizations of thermally-aged samples have been performed in order to study the effect of temperature on metallurgical evolutions (precipitation, recovery and recrystallization). A phenomenological model including recovery and recrystallization processes was set up to reproduce hardness measurements versus ageing time and temperatures.Isothermal creep tests up to 950°C under a wide range of stress levels allowed investigation of viscoplastic flow, microstructural evolution under stress and damage/failure processes. In order to evaluate the effect of high-temperature loading, microstructural characteristics of stress-free thermally-aged samples were compared with post-mortem examinations of creep specimens.At 650°C and 750°C the value of stress exponent is higher than 7. The main deformation mechanism during creep test is power-low creep, which is consistent with the results found in the literature.Beyond 850°C, the increase in dislocation mobility promotes recovery and recrystallization processes. As a consequence, a competition between work hardening due to viscoplastic deformation and softening due to dynamic recovery takes place. At 950°C, viscoplastic flow is strongly affected by recrystallization during creep test, especially in the tertiary stage. The comparison between microstructures of crept specimens and stress-free, thermally-aged samples leads to the conclusion that the recrystallization kinetics is accelerated by application of a mechanical loading.As for the fracture behaviour, creep tests under air environment at lower temperatures (650°C-750°C), led to predominating ductile fracture but some intergranular zones were observed on fracture surfaces. Creep tests under high vacuum at higher temperatures (850°C-950°C) lead to a high fracture elongation with a reduction of area up to 100%

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Raboisson, Patrick. „Propriétés des alliages amorphes silicium-étain en relation avec leurs conditions de préparation et phénomènes de cristallisation“. Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066426.

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Etude de matériaux préparés par pulvérisation diode radiofréquence. On étudie plus particulièrement, du point de vue structural l'environnement des atomes d'étain par effet Moessbauer et l'incorporation d'hydrogène par absorption IR. Du point de vue électronique, les mesures montrent que la bande interdite optique est ajustable dans une large gamme de valeurs et les mesures électriques indiquent une forte densité d'états accepteurs au-dessus de la bande de valence, responsable d'une chute de la photoconductivité.

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Bücher zum Thema "Conditions du recuit"

Fine, Kerry Kinney. Higher education enrollments: Current conditions and recent trends. St. Paul, MN: Research Dept., Minnesota House of Representatives, 1998.

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Blank, Rebecca M. Recent trends in housing conditions among the urban poor. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1989.

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Morrison, Donna Ruane. Children in Appalachia: Currrent conditions and recent trends 1990. Washington, DC: Child Trends, 1993.

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Chakravorti, Sivaji, Debangshu Dey und Biswendu Chatterjee. Recent Trends in the Condition Monitoring of Transformers. London: Springer London, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5550-8.

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Canada, Statistique, Hrsg. Canada handbook ; the 51st handbook of present conditions and recent progress. Ottawa: Approv. & Serv, 1986.

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Shumilina, Vera, Yuliya Mezentseva, Tat'yana Sidorina, Nataliya Izvarina, Kristina Bondareva, Olga Astashova, Kirill Cherkasov et al. Taxation problems in modern conditions. au: AUS PUBLISHERS, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26526/monography_618ba40f3f6172.15237203.

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In recent years, one of the most acute and unsolved problems facing our country is the problem of taxation. An effective economy is inconceivable without the creation of an effective institution of taxation, which is the main conductor of state interests, and is a natural result of the tax policy pursued by the state. Effective taxation can be ensured by solving a number of problems and ensuring a harmonious combination of the selected tax mechanism with the goals and objectives set by the state in managing the country's economy. The relevance of this topic is due to the fact that today one of the most acute problems of our economy is the lack of financial resources, and taxes are one of the most important sources of replenishment of the state budget and affect the development of market relations. In turn, the budget depends on how successfully the society will develop in the country. This monograph is a collective work of teachers and students of the Department of Economic Security, Accounting and Law of the Don State Technical University. It is devoted to the consideration of certain problems in the field of taxes and taxation

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Canada, Canada Statistics, Hrsg. Canada: A portrait : the official handbook of present conditions and recent progress. 5. Aufl. Ottawa: StatisticsCanada, 1989.

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Canada, Canada Statistics, Hrsg. Canada: A portrait : the official handbook of present conditions and recent progress. 5. Aufl. Ottawa: Statistics Canada, 1991.

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Rajbhandari, Beryl. Policy instruments for influencing air quality: A review of recent conditions in Nepal. Kathmandu: IUCN Nepal, 2004.

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Nolan, B. Recent changes in the UK income distribution: The importance of macro-economic conditions. London: Taxation, Incentives and the Distribution of Income Programme, 1985.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Conditions du recuit"

Kong, Y. M. „Animal models of autoimmune thyroiditis: recent advances“. In Endocrine Autoimmunity and Associated Conditions, 1–23. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5044-6_1.

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Axilrod, S. H. „U.S. Monetary Policy in Recent Years: an Overview“. In Monetary Conditions for Economic Recovery, 39–58. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5149-5_4.

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Renner, Michael J., und Mark R. Rosenzweig. „Boundary Conditions for Environmental Effects“. In Recent Research in Psychology, 53–68. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4766-1_4.

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Korteweg, P. „The Significance of Recent Experience with Monetary Policy in Shaping Future Economic Policy“. In Monetary Conditions for Economic Recovery, 263–77. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5149-5_13.

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Dikranjan, Dikran, und Michael Megrelishvili. „Minimality Conditions in Topological Groups“. In Recent Progress in General Topology III, 229–327. Paris: Atlantis Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6239-024-9_6.

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Penot, Jean-Paul. „Recent Advances on Second-Order Optimality Conditions“. In Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, 357–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57014-8_25.

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Rezzolla, L. „Cauchy-Perturbative Matching and Outer Boundary Conditions“. In Recent Developments in General Relativity, 205–22. Milano: Springer Milan, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2113-6_16.

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Ferreira, Adelino, M. I. M. Pinto, Arminda Almeida und Natacha Rodrigues. „Behavior of Unpaved Roads Under Different Conditions“. In Recent Developments in Pavement Engineering, 100–106. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34196-1_7.

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Khriashcheva, N. „Small Groups under Conditions of Relative Social Isolation“. In Recent Research in Psychology, 27–39. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7746-1_3.

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Arnold, Barry C. „Conditional Survival Models“. In Recent Advances in Life-Testing and Reliability, 589–602. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003418313-32.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Conditions du recuit"

Balan, Mariana, und Carmen Uzlau. „The impact of recent crises on international migration“. In International Scientific-Practical Conference "Economic growth in the conditions of globalization". National Institute for Economic Research, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36004/nier.cdr.v.2023.17.26.

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International migration is an integral part of the global economy. Growing disparities in development, the segmentation of labour markets, the global jobs crisis revolutions in transportation and telecommunications, are some of the factors that have generated, worldwide, an unprecedented number of migrants (in 2020: almost 300 million, of which 169 million are migrant workers and who remitted over 702 billion USD). The economic-financial crisis and Covid-19 pandemic had a significant impact on migration patterns and processes around the world. Globally, there was a reduction in migration flows, which also led to a slowdown in the growth rate of remittances. Purpose: Comparative analysis of the effects of the 2008-2009 financial crisis and the Covid-9 pandemic on the size and structure of international migrant flows in major regions of the world, at EU level and in Romania. Method: The descriptive statistical analysis was used mainly for visualising and synthesising information deducted from data regarding the international migration. The classification analysis was used in defining a typology of the size and structure of migratory flows, and the factorial analysis was used in creating some indices to compare the effects of crises on the structure and size of migratory flows. Results: realising a comparative analysis of the economic and social effects of recent crises on the structure and size of migratory flows, both at the EU and national level.

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Koutsogiannis, Ioannis, Chris G. Tzanis, Ioanna Molla und Kostas Philippopoulos. „Recent Changes in Drought Conditions over Greece“. In ECAS 2022. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecas2022-12819.

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Li, Cheng-rong, Guo-ming Ma, Bo Qi und Guang-jun Zhang. „Recent progress of CMD research and applications in China“. In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Diagnosis (CMD). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cmd.2012.6416402.

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Doewes, R. Iqbal, G. Elumalai und S. Hartini Azmi. „Review of futsal physical conditions“. In RECENT ADVANCES IN SCIENCES, ENGINEERING, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0154563.

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Kyu-Bock Cho, Kee-Joe Lim, Dong-Sik Kang, Hyun-Hoo Kim und Il-Keun Song. „Recent progress and future perspectives on condition monitoring and diagnostics for power equipment in Korea“. In 2008 International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Diagnosis. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cmd.2008.4580485.

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Hitoshi Okubo. „Recent progress and future perspective on condition monitoring and diagnostic techniques for power equipment in Japan“. In 2008 International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Diagnosis. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cmd.2008.4580484.

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Li Chengrong, Tang Zhiguo und Zheng Zhong. „Recent progress and future perspective on condition monitoring and diagnostic techniques for power equipments in China“. In 2008 International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Diagnosis. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cmd.2008.4580482.

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SACARDO, L., E. N. GUINDANI, A. KOPPE und M. MANCIO. „Durability of geopolymer cements: recent developments and evaluation of corrosion resistance in steel-reinforced concrete“. In 9th International Conference On Concrete Under Severe Conditions - Environment and Loading. MENVIA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31808/5ca6e03b5ca4f0d406ac888d.

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Len, Christophe. „Glycerol Valorization Under Continuous Flow Conditions–Recent Advances“. In Virtual 2020 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists’ Society (AOCS), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/am20.84.

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Juang, B. H. „Recent developments in speech recognition under adverse conditions“. In First International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP 1990). ISCA: ISCA, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/icslp.1990-295.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Conditions du recuit"

Blank, Rebecca, und Harvey Rosen. Recent Trends in Housing Conditions Among the Urban Poor. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, März 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w2886.

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Bernstein, Ruth, Y. Epstein, O. Shpilberg, B. Lev und M. Weiner. Energy Balance in Military Recruits Performing Intense Physical Efforts under Extreme Climate Conditions. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada282719.

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F. Al-Sanea, Hamad. Evaluation of Recent Surgical Updates Regarding Diagnosis and Management of Diverticulitis. Science Repository, April 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.jsr.2024.01.01.

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Diverticulosis occurs when small, bulging pouches (diverticula) develop in your digestive tract. When one or more of these pouches become inflamed or infected, the condition is called diverticulitis. Diverticula are small, bulging pouches that can form in the lining of your digestive system, although it was rare before the 20th century, diverticular disease is now one of the most common health problems in the western world. It’s a group of conditions that can affect your digestive tract. The most serious type of diverticular disease is diverticulitis. It can cause uncomfortable symptoms and, in some cases, serious complications. If left untreated, these complications can cause long-term health problems. Read on to learn more about diverticulitis, including its causes, symptoms, treatment options, and how your diet might affect your risk of developing it. Objective: In this paper, our main focus was on diverticulitis and surgical intervention, and only relevant studies were discussed. Methodology: PubMed database was used for articles selection, and papers on diverticulitis were obtained and reviewed. Conclusion: Colonoscopy is best avoided in acute and uncomplicated diverticulitis. Classically, it is a surgical disease but uncomplicated cases can often be managed conservatively. Follow up of treated diverticulitis occurs after four weeks via colonoscopy, in selected cases assessing the risk of developing colonic cancer. Novel therapies are under-studied and are probable replacements for surgical intervention.

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Hudgens, Bian, Jene Michaud, Megan Ross, Pamela Scheffler, Anne Brasher, Megan Donahue, Alan Friedlander et al. Natural resource condition assessment: Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau National Historical Park. National Park Service, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2293943.

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Natural Resource Condition Assessments (NRCAs) evaluate current conditions of natural resources and resource indicators in national park units (parks). NRCAs are meant to complement—not replace—traditional issue- and threat-based resource assessments. NRCAs employ a multi-disciplinary, hierarchical framework within which reference conditions for natural resource indicators are developed for comparison against current conditions. NRCAs do not set management targets for study indicators, and reference conditions are not necessarily ideal or target conditions. The goal of a NRCA is to deliver science-based information that will assist park managers in their efforts to describe and quantify a park’s desired resource conditions and management targets, and inform management practices related to natural resource stewardship. The resources and indicators emphasized in a given NRCA depend on the park’s resource setting, status of resource stewardship planning and science in identifying high-priority indicators, and availability of data and expertise to assess current conditions for a variety of potential study resources and indicators. Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau National Historical Park (hereafter Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau NHP) encompasses 1.7 km2 (0.7 mi2) at the base of the Mauna Loa Volcano on the Kona coast of the island of Hawaiʻi. The Kona coast of Hawaiʻi Island is characterized by calm winds that increase in the late morning to evening hours, especially in the summer when there is also a high frequency of late afternoon or early evening showers. The climate is mild, with mean high temperature of 26.2° C (79.2° F) and a mean low temperature of 16.6° C (61.9° F) and receiving on average 66 cm (26 in) of rainfall per year. The Kona coast is the only region in Hawaiʻi where more precipitation falls in the summer than in the winter. There is limited surface water runoff or stream development at Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau NHP due to the relatively recent lava flows (less than 1,500 years old) overlaying much of the park. Kiʻilae Stream is the only watercourse within the park. Kiʻilae Stream is ephemeral, with occasional flows and a poorly characterized channel within the park. A stream gauge was located uphill from the park, but no measurements have been taken since 1982. Floods in Kiʻilae Stream do occur, resulting in transport of fluvial sediment to the ocean, but there are no data documenting this phenomenon. There are a small number of naturally occurring anchialine pools occupying cracks and small depressions in the lava flows, including the Royal Fishponds; an anchialine pool modified for the purpose of holding fish. Although the park’s legal boundaries end at the high tide mark, the sense of place, story, and visitor experience would be completely different without the marine waters adjacent to the park. Six resource elements were chosen for evaluation: air and night sky, water-related processes, terrestrial vegetation, vertebrates, anchialine pools, and marine resources. Resource conditions were determined through reviewing existing literature, meta-analysis, and where appropriate, analysis of unpublished short- and long-term datasets. However, in a number of cases, data were unavailable or insufficient to either establish a quantitative reference condition or conduct a formal statistical comparison of the status of a resource within the park to a quantitative reference condition. In those cases, data gaps are noted, and comparisons were made based on qualitative descriptions. Overall, the condition of natural resources within Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau NHP reflects the surrounding landscape. The coastal lands immediately surrounding Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau NHP are zoned for conservation, while adjacent lands away from the coast are agricultural. The condition of most natural resources at Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau NHP reflect the overall condition of ecological communities on the west Hawai‘i coast. Although little of the park’s vegetation...

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Frankel, Jeffrey. Recent Estimates of Time-Variation in the Conditional Variance and in the Exchange Risk Premium. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w2367.

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Azuara Herrera, Oliver, Mariano Bosch und Eric Torres Ramirez. Employment and Living Conditions of the Population over 50 in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005146.

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This document describes recent demographic, economic, and social trends of people 50 and older in Latin America. We analyze the labor profile of those generations who will face retirement over the next two decades to understand how likely it is to reduce the current gaps in coverage and sustainability of pensions. We explore the occupation profiles, contributions to social security, and their comparisons with previous generations. The document's last section describes different inequality angles for this population, including income and access to public services.

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Yang, Liu, Fuxiang Liang, Rongyan Zhu, Lifei Li, Liyan Wang, Xuehong Zhang und Liang Yao. Efficacy of intracytoplasmic sperm injection in women with non-male factor infertility: A systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.4.0003.

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Review question / Objective: This meta-analysis aims to evaluate whether intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) improved reproductive outcomes for non-male factor infertility versus in vitro fertilization (IVF). Condition being studied: The use of ICSI has increased dramatically in recent years and is being applied for indications other than male factor infertility. However, despite its increased use, there is no clear evidence of the benefit of using ICSI over conventional IVF for non-male factor infertility. Eligibility criteria: Studies will be excluded if one of the following conditions is met: (1) unqualified male perm count and motility; (2) rescued ICSI; (3) non-RCTs of study design; (4) a significant amount of research data is missing or not available.

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Gutenson, Joseph, und Jason Deters. Antecedent Precipitation Tool (APT) Version 1.0 : technical and user guide. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), Februar 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/43160.

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This document provides an overview of the technical components of the Antecedent Precipitation Tool (APT) and a user guide for using the APT. The APT is an automation tool that the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) developed to facilitate the comparison of antecedent or recent precipitation conditions for a given location to the range of normal precipitation conditions that occurred during the preceding 30 yr¹. In addition to providing a standardized methodology to evaluate normal precipitation conditions (“precipitation normalcy”), the APT can assess the presence of drought conditions and the approximate dates of the wet and dry seasons for a given location.

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Novella, Rafael, Laura Ripani, Guillermo Cruces und Maria Laura Alzuá. Conditional Cash Transfers, Female Bargaining Power and Parental Labour Supply. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011426.

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Recent empirical evidence has indicated that Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) do not have an aggregate effect on adult labour supply, however little attention has been paid to the role of other intrahousehold dynamics. This paper examines how the bargaining power structure of households affects the parental labour supply response to CCT programmes. We analyse randomized experimental designs from rural areas of Honduras (PRAF), Mexico (PROGRESA), and Nicaragua (RPS), and find that CCT programmes slightly change paternal and maternal labour supply and that this effect depends on the distribution of power in the household.

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Khalil, James, MaryAnne Iwara und Martine Zeuthen. Journeys through Extremism: The Experiences of Forced Recruits in Boko Haram. RESOLVE Network, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/cbags2022.2.

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This case study provides exploratory research into the personal journeys of forced recruits into Boko Haram, to examine how they entered the organization, the conditions they experienced in camps and settlements, their exits from the group, their subsequent experiences in state hands, and their perspectives about future reintegration. These themes are particularly pertinent given the mass disengagements from Boko Haram in spring 2022, and the extent to which federal and state systems lack the capacity to absorb and handle the large numbers involved. Research was undertaken at Operation Safe Corridor (OPSC), a program established in 2016 by the Nigerian state to provide an off-ramp for members of Boko Haram and Islamic State West Africa Province (ISWAP) deemed to be ‘low risk’ by military intelligence. Located at Mallam Sidi on the outskirts of Gombe, the OPSC program houses cohorts of around six hundred clients at any point in time. This report features the findings from thirteen in-depth interviews with participants in the OPSC program to provide important insights into the state-sponsored off-ramp from this group.

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