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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Concept of Moksa“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Concept of Moksa"
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Saengwong, Techapon, und Prommintra Kongkaew. „AN ANALYSIS OF SIDDHARTHA’S QUEST FOR MOKSA IN HESSE’S NOVEL THROUGH THE LENS OF HINDUISM“. International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 4, Nr. 3 (31.03.2016): 192–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v4.i3.2016.2803.
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The purposes of the study were to examine the concept of the quest for spiritual liberation of Hinduism and to analyze Siddhartha’s quest for moksa in Hesse’s novel that accords with the concept of Hinduism. The text used to analyze is Hesse’s novel, Siddhartha. The study found that Siddhartha’s quest for moksa is consistent with the concept on the quest for spiritual liberation of Hinduism in three aspects. Firstly, Siddhartha’s quest depicts the four stages of life as related to ages and duties (asramas), namely, religious student (brahmacarya), householder (grhastha), forest-dweller (vanaprastha), and renunciant (sannyasin). Secondly, the quest of the protagonist presents the pursuit of the four objectives of life (purusharthas) comprising sensual pleasures (kama), wealth (artha), righteousness and duty (dharma), and liberation (moksa). Finally, Siddhartha’s quest also portrays the means to liberation through the path of knowledge (jnana-marga) divided into two stages, viz., cultivation of detachment (vairagya) and acquisition of knowledge (jnana).
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Saraswati, Ida Ayu Gde Apsari, und I. Gusti Agung Paramita. „KONSEP SURGA, NERAKA DAN MOKSA DALAM KAKAWIN CANDRA BAIRAWA“. Dharmasmrti: Jurnal Ilmu Agama dan Kebudayaan 15, Nr. 28 (28.10.2016): 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32795/ds.v15i28.58.
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The core teaching of Candra Bairawa is Catur Yoga Marga implementation in its entirety which cannot be treated separately. From the concept of catur yoga marga there raises the teaching of karma sanyasa that includes karma marga, bhakti marga, jnana marga, and yoga marga while those who only take the jnana marga and the yoga marga will give rise to the concept of yoga sanyasa teaching. These two concepts are depicted by the main character, Candra Bairawa as the sanyasa yoga, and Yudhistira as the character of karma sanyasa. Both are equally reaching the realm of moksha by releasing their spirit; Yudhistira to the realm of Shiva, whereas Candra Bairawa takes the jnana yoga marga to reach the same realm. Essencially, both are equally regarded to have Samyajnana or having the right knowledge.
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Subawa, I. Made Pasek. „Ajaran Tattwa dan Etika dalam Lontar Tutur Parakriya“. Sphatika: Jurnal Teologi 10, Nr. 1 (02.07.2020): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/sp.v10i1.1524.
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<p>The teaching of tattwa is a divine philosophy that is a thought of spiritual values that can strengthen human beliefs on god’s omnipotence in life. The teachings are widely poured into various papers contained in the speeches that are the result of the deep (kawia) thought of an author. One of them is in the parachute talk. This lontar says much about the teachings of tattwa who teach about escape or moksa as a unification of ātma and brahman (god). In addition to the teachings of the moksa, there are also ethical teachings that are poured into chess paramita as the four main attributes or attitudes that become the basis or basic concept in doing daily acts. So in this parachute speech, it becomes a reflection of the teachings of divine philosophy and the ethical values that can be used in the guidance or holding the<br />teachings of Hinduism.</p>
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Lewu, Ayub Pangga, Tjiong Eric Cahyadi, Auw Tammy Yulianto und Simon Simon. „Upacara Ngaben ditinjau dalam Perspektif Iman Kristen“. Jurnal Salvation 4, Nr. 1 (09.08.2023): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.56175/salvation.v4i1.82.
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Abstract: Bali Island is a famous island in the world. Besides being famous for its beautiful tourist attractions, the island is also famous for a unique ceremony called ngaben or the burning of corpses as a path taken by the Hindu people to reach the heaven or in Hindu spiritual terms called Moksa. The implementation of ngaben ceremony goes through a long process and requires high cost. The purpose of this writing was to equip evangelists who would carry out missions to Hindus. With an understanding of heaven from a Hindu perspective, evangelists could design the right mission strategy. The research in this paper used a qualitative descriptive method to get a comprehensive exposure. The literature study approach was also used by using library sources, such as books, journals and articles. The results showed that there was a religious concept to get eternal salvation after death. This research aimed to help the mediator who wanted to carry out God's mission to realize the religious meaning contained in the ngaben ceremony. This research suggested that it was important for a servant of God as an agent of God's mission on earth to understand this fundamental concept. Abstrak: Pulau Bali merupakan pulau yang terkenal di seluruh dunia. Disamping terkenal akan obyek wisatanya yang indah, pulau ini juga terkenal dengan sebuah upacara yang unik yaitu upacara Ngaben atau pembakaran mayat sebagai jalan yang ditempuh umat Hindu untuk mendapatkan sorga atau di dalam istilah kerohanian Hindu disebut “Moksa”. Pelaksanaan upacara ngaben melalui proses yang panjang dan membutuhkan biaya yang sangat besar. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah membekali penginjil yang akan melaksanakan misi kepada umat Hindhu. Dengan pemahaman akan sorga dari perspektif Hindhu maka penginjil dapat merancang strategi misi yang tepat. Penelitian dalam tulisan ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif untuk mendapatkan pemaparan secara komprehensif. Pendekatan studi Pustaka juga digunakan dengan menggunakan sumber-sumber Pustaka dari buku, jurnal dan artikel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya konsep religius yang bermakna keselamatan kekal setelah kematian. Penelitian ini bermaksud membantu seorang pelaksana misi Allah agar memahami makna religius yang terkandung di dalam upacara ngaben. Penelitian ini menyarankan pentingnya seorang hamba Tuhan sebagai agen misi Allah di bumi memahami konsep fundamental ini.
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Adik Puspita Dewi, Ni Luh. „KONSEP KETUHANAN DALAM GEGURITAN SUCITA“. Jurnal Penelitian Agama Hindu 1, Nr. 1 (25.05.2017): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/jpah.v1i1.129.
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<p><em>This research is ronducted based on the outhor’s interest in the text of Geguritan Sucita that impotant as a guide for people especially about the concept of divinity. Geguritan Sucita ia one of the masterpieces of of Bali literature thet contains about behavior and budhi that must be imitated by people who want to achieve the highest perfection Moksa so in it many contained about the essence of God as the beginning and end of all life in this word.</em></p><p><em>In connection with the above description, the problem discussed in this study are : (1) How is the structure of Geguritan Sucita (2) How is knowledge that contained in Geguritan Sucita (3) How is the concept of diving in Geguritan Sucita. The theory that used in this research is theory of A.Teeuw for analysis the problem about the structure of a the text of Geguritan Sucita and hermeneutic theory for analysis the problem of concept divinity in Geguritan Sucita. This research is qualitative research to collecting data, researcher use library study technique document study and read and record technique. In data analysis technique this study uses descriptive techniques, understanding the structure and interpretation and presentation of data analysis using the description method.</em></p><p><em>The result of this research is the structure of the text in this study is Geguritan Sucita has a structure that built by the plot, the background of We Krta village, pesraman, cave, forest and mount. Characterization consisting of the main character of Sucita, Subudi, Diah Karuni, I Sugata, Rsi Sakta and Rsi Grenawati and the accompanying figures are Dukuh Pradnya, Kumudawati, I Pataka, I Andati, I Libut dan Artati. The themes that contained are theme of education, ethics and theology also tembang consisting os ten pupuh in it. Teaching contained in the Geguritan Sucita as are (1) Tri Kaya Parisudha; (2) Catur Warga; Panca Sradha; and (4) Catur Asrama and concept of divinity in Geguritan Sucita are concept Saguna Brahman and Nirguna Brahman.</em></p>
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Elga Ptra Sutrawan, I. Gusti Ngurah. „KOMPERASI FILSAFAT KETUHANAN NYAYA DARSANA DENGAN BARUCH SPINOZA“. Jurnal Penelitian Agama Hindu 1, Nr. 2 (06.10.2017): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/jpah.v1i2.288.
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<p><em>The philosophy of the divine NyayaDarsana and Baruch Spinoza are both a concept of the divine which gives understanding that everything comes from God. As the main cause of everything that exist and seeps into its creation which are called Atman or single substance. It confirm that in the philosophy of the divine NyayaDarsana and Baruch Spinoza contains the concept of divinity, that is Phanteism.</em></p><p><em>Based on the description, then the problem discussed in this research is : (1) How is the philosophy of the divine NyayaDarsana and Baruch Spinoza ? (2) What is the differences and equations NyayaDarsana and Baruch Spinoza ?.theory on this reseach is value theory to dissect the first problem related to the values of the philosophy of the divine which contained NyayaDarsana and the thought of Baruch Spinoza. Hermeneutic theory is used to dissect the second problem to interpret differences and equations NyayaDarsana and Baruch Baruch Spinoza. This research is a type of qualitative research with data collection techniques library study, interviews, online data and descriptive qualitative data analysis techniques, with the technique of presenting the description.</em></p><p><em>The result of this research is (1) the philosophy of the divine NyayaDarsana describe that God is the main source. Final goal all living creature that is moksa and way to reach it with knowledge of truth. The philosophy of the divine Baruch Spinoza describe that all reality comes from a single substance that is God and God immanent with nature. The ultimale goal of life based on the thought of Baruch Spinoza is to achieve happiness or freedom from the emotional shackles emotion the equation of NyayaDarsana and Baruch Spinoza is reqognize the existence of God as the main source, containing the concept of panteism. The difference is viewed from the ontology according NyayaDarsanathat the universe comes from elements of caturbhuta that together with akasa (ether) space and time, while thought of Baruch Spinoza that single substance which thought of Baruch Spinoza that single substance which called Modi, God as creator of universe, epistemology on NyayaDarsana contained about knowledge of truth to avoid from false knowledge while thought of Baruch Spinoza contain three knowledge that is the knowledge of the five senses, common sense intuitive to happiness and freedom.</em></p>
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Pokojski, Jerzy, und Łukasz Woźnicki. „Concept of Product Complexity Modeling in the Development of a Machine Shaft“. Management and Production Engineering Review 8, Nr. 2 (01.06.2017): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mper-2017-0021.
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AbstractIn the paper product and design process modeling on the basis of speed reducer is presented. The paper proposes to build the product and process models and parallel to that carry out the project activities as these models reflect the detailed structure of the projects.The most important feature of the proposed approach is its possibility to model only important parts of the models and to keep track of the development of their chronological paths. The approach may be treated as a partial CPM/MOKA model or as network-integrated CPM/MOKA models.
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P, Nirmaladevi. „Uruthiporul in Seera puranam“. International Research Journal of Tamil 1, Nr. 3 (30.07.2019): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt1933.
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It is mentioned that the epics should contain the four objectives worthy of human pursuit, namely, ‘aRam’ (ethics), ‘poruL’ (economy), ‘inpam’ (joy) and ‘viiDu’ (heaven). These four objectives are mentioned as ‘purusharthams’ in Sanskrit. Dharma, artha, kaama and moksha are the equivalents for aRam, poruL, inpam and viiDu. However, the concept of moksha is not found anywhere in the Sangam literature. It came into existence by the influence of Sanskrit and the literary writings of the northern writers. Raj Gowthaman is of the opinion that the ‘trivarkkam’ of the north tradition is called aRam, poruL and inpam in Tamil and the left out ‘moksha’ in ‘chaturvitha purushartham’, i.e., the four objectives of human pursuit did not exist as ‘viiDu’ during Sangam period. It could be said even clearly the concept of northern tradition based ‘moksha’ was not there with religious connotation in the Sangam society. Rebirth, heaven, elite, heavenly immortal, world of the dead, world of deities-all are included in the poet’s poetic tradition’. Including the objectives of human pursuits in epics, a rule was set in the grammar. ‘Seera puranam’ talks about the first three objective of human pursuit. Except in Buddhism and Jainism, the concept of heaven could be found in all the religions. It is discussed in Vedic religions. Islam refers heaven as ‘the world of the dead’. Seera puranam mentions, however, all the four objectives.
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Machado Figueira, Nina, Onofre Trindade Junior, Eduardo Do Valle Simões und Ana Carolina De Sousa Silva. „MOSA (Mission-Oriented Sensor Arrays): uma nova abordagem para o sensoriamento remoto embarcado em VANT’s“. Revista Cartográfica, Nr. 91 (30.09.2019): 211–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35424/rcarto.i91.460.
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El uso de Vehículos Aéreos No Tripulados (UAV, por sus siglas en inglés) ha emigrado gradualmente de la esfera militar al empleo civil, siendo una alternativa viable, versátil en numerosas actividades relacionadas con la teledetección, en particular la relacionada con la generación automática de mapas temáticos. En este trabajo se describe el concepto de matrices de sensores orientados a misión (MOSA —Mission-Oriented Sensor Arrays). Un sistema de MOSA comprende un conjunto de sensores y dispositivos computacionales integrados que pueden ser transportados en un UAV para la realización de misiones específicas autónomas, incluidas las misiones de mapeo. El objetivo principal del sistema MOSA es el procesamiento a bordo de los datos sensoriales, la producción en tiempo real y la información lista para su uso. MOSA también permite la reducción del tráfico de información en el canal de comunicación, a menudo limitada entre la aeronave y la estación terrestre. Dentro del concepto MOSA, el avión se estructura como control de la misión (MOSA) y control de vuelo (piloto automático). Esto aumenta la robustez de todo el sistema, ya que únicamente es necesario un cambio del MOSA para adaptar el UAV a una nueva misión. Así mismo se presenta una arquitectura de referencia y una metodología de desarrollo de sistemas de MOSA. La especificación de un sistema de MOSA aplicada a la cartografía de las fuentes de sonido basados en tierra también se presenta para ilustrar el enfoque propuesto. El MOSA modelado se basa en la integración de los datos de un sensor de imagen térmica y un sensor tridimensional para la localización de las fuentes de sonido. Las informaciones de posición proporcionada por los sensores aplicados están integradas en una sola base cartográfica.
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Figueira, N. M., I. L. Freire, O. Trindade und E. Simões. „MISSION-ORIENTED SENSOR ARRAYS AND UAVs – A CASE STUDY ON ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING“. ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-1/W4 (26.08.2015): 305–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-1-w4-305-2015.
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This paper presents a new concept of UAV mission design in geomatics, applied to the generation of thematic maps for a multitude of civilian and military applications. We discuss the architecture of Mission-Oriented Sensors Arrays (MOSA), proposed in Figueira et Al. (2013), aimed at splitting and decoupling the mission-oriented part of the system (non safety-critical hardware and software) from the aircraft control systems (safety-critical). As a case study, we present an environmental monitoring application for the automatic generation of thematic maps to track gunshot activity in conservation areas. The MOSA modeled for this application integrates information from a thermal camera and an on-the-ground microphone array. The use of microphone arrays technology is of particular interest in this paper. These arrays allow estimation of the direction-of-arrival (DOA) of the incoming sound waves. Information about events of interest is obtained by the fusion of the data provided by the microphone array, captured by the UAV, fused with information from the termal image processing. Preliminary results show the feasibility of the on-the-ground sound processing array and the simulation of the main processing module, to be embedded into an UAV in a future work. The main contributions of this paper are the proposed MOSA system, including concepts, models and architecture.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Concept of Moksa"
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Das, Dharani Kanta. „The Indian concept of Moksa : its relevance to the present- day crisis“. Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/73.
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Rivas, Rodriguez Antonio Javier [Verfasser], Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] Heinen und Wilfried [Akademischer Betreuer] Mokwa. „System concept of a sensor network for vehicular traffic monitoring based on acceleration sensors / Antonio Javier Rivas Rodriguez ; Stefan Heinen, Wilfried Mokwa“. Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1169754864/34.
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Hijazin, Tahani Jazza'a Mousa Verfasser], Dirk [Akademischer Betreuer] [Selmar und Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Winterhalter. „Uptake and modification of coumarins by plants – a coherent phenomenon extending the concept of Horizontal Natural Product Transfer / Tahani Jazza'a Mousa Hijazin ; Dirk Selmar, Peter Winterhalter“. Braunschweig : Technische Universität Braunschweig, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1238780113/34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBuchteile zum Thema "Concept of Moksa"
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„The Concept of Moksa“. In Theory of Value, 75–88. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315053998-13.
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„Mokṣa, metaphors and materiality: Concepts and contexts of ‘liberation’“. In Rethinking ‘Classical Yoga’ and Buddhism. Bloomsbury Academic, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350230026.ch-001.
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Chawla, Shreya, und Madhu Giri. „Atman's Awakening“. In Advances in Psychology, Mental Health, and Behavioral Studies, 31–61. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-9778-4.ch003.
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Indian psychology is characterized by its diverse and rich traditions that have evolved over several centuries. This chapter tries to fulfill four objectives: 1) To provide a brief overview of the concept of self in Bhagavad Gita; 2) to give a brief overview of the two frameworks for moksha given in the Bhagavad Gita with the help of empirical evidence of current research; 3) to propose a conceptual model using Triguna Framework and Trimarg Framework; and 4) to provide the implications of the proposed model. The chapter begins with an explanation of the Indian philosophical understanding of self from the lens of Bhagavad Gita. In the second section, an effort has been made to compare and contrast the two frameworks given in Bhagavad Gita for Moksha. The last section introduces a conceptual model to enhance sattva guna and reduce the rajas and tamas gunas to attain atmabodha that can have positive psychological implications in modern times.
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Rao, Seema Rajesh, Vidya Viswanath und Srinagesh Simha. „Spiritual Healing in Cancer Care“. In Global Perspectives in Cancer Care, 229–39. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197551349.003.0022.
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Religious and cultural perspectives influence how patients cope with disease, view death and dying, and derive meaning and purpose in life. This chapter will familiarize palliative care providers with the various nuances of pain, suffering, and healing in Hinduism, one of the oldest and the third largest religions in the world. Hinduism can be described more as a way of life than as a single organized religion. Karma (consequences of action), dharma (righteous action), samsara (cycle of birth and rebirth), and moksha (liberation from the cycle of rebirth) are some of the fundamental concepts in Hinduism. Hindu traditions propagate acceptance of suffering as a consequence of karma in the current or past life. Current suffering is not random or a punishment, but a repayment of debt incurred for past negative behavior. Hindus believe that all things are manifestations of God, including pain and suffering, and are an essential part of life. Suffering is viewed as an opportunity to progress along the spiritual path. For a Hindu, dharma and moksha provide meaning and purpose in life; karma attributes a positive meaning to the suffering; pursuit of purusharthas (life goals) helps in maintaining connectedness to those around, rituals reestablish connectedness with the transcendent, while nonattachment helps in reconnecting with oneself, and the understanding of samsara promotes death acceptance. Despite being important areas of patients’ and caregivers’ lives, religion and spirituality are not often discussed in health care. This chapter attempts to acquaint health care providers with Hindu traditions and beliefs so that spiritual care harmonized to patient’s preferences can be provided.
Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Concept of Moksa"
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DuBois, Thomas. „Preview of an Enterprise Product Architecture (EPA) to Support a Modular Open Systems Approach (MOSA)“. In Vertical Flight Society 78th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0078-2022-17624.
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The potential for significant MOSA benefits appears unachieved to date. Recently, the requirement to use a MOSA has been made statutory and regulatory (Ref. 1-5). Previous work (Ref. 6) suggested that a customer-controlled component architecture is a necessary activity to achieve MOSA technical and business benefits across multiple programs. This paper extends that premise while previewing the concept of an Enterprise Product Architecture (EPA) for use in an acquisition environment where there is a requirements organization is contractually separated from the development organization. The requirements organization is composed of an enterprise that is responsible for multiple subordinate programs, and each subordinate program is responsible for developing major systems with their suppliers. Industry product line approaches developed the concept of an EPA (Ref. 7). This paper explores how an EPA can be used to set an enterpriselevel MOSA to increase opportunities to achieve expected MOSA benefits in the context of a multi-tiered acquirer with multiple programs using different contracts with different suppliers. This paper is a preview for a more detailed version of this concept planned for a future publication. The technical approach previewed in this paper leads to a product line strategy for the enterprise focused on software and data. This paper defines key terms used for the development and application of an Enterprise Product Architecture (EPA). Products to be acquired would be accomplished through the interaction of the subordinate programs and their supplier(s). The development of the EPA begins with the establishment of functional boundaries. Interfaces between functional boundaries will be defined as a result of operational analysis that recognizes how different functional groupings interact to accomplish operational behaviors. Interfaces between functional groupings will be defined at a logical level to enable the incorporation of diverse products to accomplish requirements in the functional grouping. This paper previews the use of three independent categories of functional product groupings: Mission, Utility, and Infrastructure. EPA development includes the establishment of functional groupings that enable capabilities to be agnostic of the underlying infrastructure, hence the reason for the separately categorized Infrastructure functional groupings. Utility functional groupings represent a class of applications that provide operational functionality used by more than one Mission functional grouping. The Utility functional groupings facilitate integration and orchestration of Mission functions. Mission functional groupings represent the rest of the non-infrastructure capabilities needed for the programs to accomplish their operations.
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DuBois, Thomas, John Kisor, Robert Matthews und Michael Orlovsky. „Approach to Architecture Development Assuming a Modular Open Systems Approach (MOSA) for a Family of Systems (FoS) Acquisition“. In Vertical Flight Society 77th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0077-2021-16883.
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From a military operations perspective, the primary goals of the Modular Open Systems Approach (MOSA) [Ref. 1] are Affordable Life Cycle Cost (ALC), Maintain Capability Overmatch (MCO), and Faster-to-Field (FtF). Achieving these goals is directly related to the ability of the architecture to enable reuse and interoperability. The importance of this association is amplified with the assumption of a Family of System (FoS) acquisition where mission-level capabilities are needed by multiple products. Accordingly, the value of MOSA to architecture development in a FoS acquisition is directly related to the ability of the resulting architecture to enable reuse and interoperability of capabilities across the products that comprise the FoS. Not only is the resulting architecture a key enabler, but the governance of that architecture is also critical to long-term success for a FoS with products that are not on the exact same development timeline. Model-Based Engineering (MBE) within a digital thread offers structures and processes that assist both architecture development and governance while integrating the best features of Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) [Ref. 2], DevSecOps [Ref. 3, 4, 5, 6], open system standards, and Agile methodologies [Ref. 7]. However, the usage of such structures and processes needs to be done carefully to avoid situations in which the process itself can enable the intended or unintended consequence of sacrificing the benefits of MOSA while implementing the process. Without the right discipline, even developers with the best intentions for achieving MOSA benefits can end up building architectures, components, and build processes that inhibit the realization of MOSA benefits and complicate governance to an intractable level [Ref. 8]. Another concern is organizations that actually seek flaws in the development or governance processes and use those flaws to claim compliance with MOSA while at the same time embedding locks to guarantee future business contrary to MOSA goals. This paper will identify the discipline needed to achieve the benefits of MOSA in a FoS acquisition and recommendations for architecture development and life cycle governance. Building upon previous work [Ref. 9], this paper will present use cases and examples of pitfalls to avoid with suggestions on how to avoid them. The most significant recommendation provided in this paper is the development of a component-based architecture to be used as a basis to identify opportunities for reuse and interoperability across products and how to use it to establish a governance framework for an FoS-based acquisition. This paper describes the steps to derive a component-based architecture starting with a modeled reference architecture. Derivation follows the pattern endorsed by the US Government in their Comprehensive Architecture Strategy [Ref. 10] and includes process steps for iterative top-down decomposition and bottom-up re-composition. This paper presents study results on applying these principles against an example reference architecture. A digital map component is used as a representative example to highlight the pitfalls of reverse engineering a component architecture from an a priori system and a specific component implementation. Results will support the hypotheses that: (1) use of a reference architecture supports the creation of a baseline, point of departure, set of components aligned to an FoS product line, and (2) governance at the component level is best for a FoS acquisition.
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Yoshida, Junji, Masato Abe und Yozo Fujino. „Multi-Axial Hysteretic Models of Laminated Rubber Bearings“. In ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2004-2934.
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Base-Isolation system using laminated rubber bearings is considered to be an efficient technology of providing a mitigation of seismic damage for structures and equipments, and has proven to be reliable and cost-effective. There are many structures in various countries, which concern not only new constructions but also existing structures, especially after the Loma Prieta (1989), Northridge (1994) and Kobe (1995) earthquakes. Since seismic response of base-isolated structures greatly depends on the mechanical properties of the bearings, deep understanding of the characteristics of the bearings under the conditions of interest is essential toward a rational design of the base-isolation. Considering that the base isolation system in the two horizontal directions has already been used in the bridges and buildings, behaviors of the bearings under the multi-axial loading should be studied experimentally. In the actual design of multi-axial base-isolated structures, bilinear models have often been used independently in the two horizontal directions, and the coupling effects of hysteretic loops are not considered (AASHATO 1999; JRA 1998). Mokha et al. (1990) investigated the behaviors of Teflon friction bearings under tri-axial loading, and proposed a model for this type of bearings (Constantinou et al. 1990; Mokha et al. 1993). Multi-axial behaviors of a HDR and a steel damper have been investigated by Yasaka et al. (1988), and they empirically developed a multi-spring model, in which several bilinear springs or Ramberg-Osgood springs are circularly arranged with regular angle intervals. Huang et al. (2000) investigated the characteristics of tri-axial behaviors of a LRB and proposed a multi-axial model by considering a circular force interaction function of the bilinear model. However, systematic studies have not been conducted on the experimental investigation of several types of laminated rubber bearings. In addition, previously proposed models for laminated rubber bearings do not have definite theoretical backgrounds in the extension into multi-axial case, and they also do not consider the hardening behaviors in the large deformation range. In this paper, multi-axial restoring forces of various types of laminated rubber bearings, which have widely been used in the base-isolated bridges, are investigated experimentally. Then, a one-dimensional and two-dimensional models of the bearings are proposed on the basis of the experimental results.
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Taylor, Max, Matthew Cunnien und James Kleveland. „Mission System Needs for Small Unmanned Systems“. In Vertical Flight Society 78th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0078-2022-17495.
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The United States (US) Department of Defense (DoD) is looking to reverse the trend of new programs costing significantly more than their predecessors while providing advanced capabilities to the warfighter by supplementing existing manned platforms with small Unmanned Air Systems (sUAS). Traditionally sUAS were leveraged for limited tactical objectives with two-way communication to a single entity such as a ground station or as part of a single manned-unmanned team (MUM-T). However, advancements in collaborative networks, mature autonomy and continued miniaturization of key technologies have expanded the potential for a broader operational use of sUAS. The multi-domain connected battlespace of the future envisions significant strategic roles for sUAS to provide actionable information more broadly to the joint forces. The expanded use of sUAS platforms is evident in the future US Army strategy to augment the existing and future capabilities of its own vertical lift platforms. In order to dis-integrate and exploit enemy threat systems the US Army intends to leverage sUAS systems such as Air Launched Effects (ALE) and Future Tactical Unmanned Aircraft Systems (FTUAS) (Ref. 1). These will be part of the Future Attack Reconnaissance Aircraft (FARA) ecosystem allowing extended reconnaissance, security, and attack operations. The US Air Force is also identifying new Concepts of Operation (CONOPS) which can leverage sUAS as a force multiplier to help against emerging threats (Ref. 2). This includes existing continued enhancement of intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) capabilities as well as new MUM-T and swarming CONOPS. In this new role, there are several challenges that emerge for sUAS mission systems. - Existing sUAS security boundaries are focused on vulnerabilities between the aircraft and the ground station or controlling vehicle. Introduction of sUAS in the connected multi-domain battlespace opens the security boundary to include all participants consuming data from these vehicles. This results in additional attack vectors for adversaries requiring new security considerations for a sUAS. - Secure and available communications are key to supporting multi-domain battlespace doctrine at the timing and tempo required to gain advantage on the adversary. Introduction of sUAS to this assumes the ability to interconnect securely with existing and future communication protocols at a significantly reduced size, weight and power. Availability of secure communication from sUAS is challenging when considering using these unmanned systems to support operations in contested environments. - Autonomous operations and processing on the edge are key to reaping the benefits of the sUAS operating in a MUM-T environment. Moving the processing of key capabilities to the edge allows for the quicker response times and the ability for the sUAS to continue operations in contested environments and report back when secure communications become available. It can be difficult to combine the processing resources and power required to perform the needed advanced autonomous behaviors in an extremely small form factor. - With advancements in technology, the emerging threats to warfighter are outpacing upgrades of existing mission systems (Ref. 3). The ability to rapidly update mission systems will be required to counter these threats. The mission system architectures for sUAS will need to be designed with Modular Open System Approach (MOSA) solutions that can allow rapid updates to hardware and software. This ability for fast third-party system update and integration will be required to keep sUAS relevant and maintain an operational advantage. The paper will offer analysis of the implications of the emerging role for sUAS with an emphasis on potential impacts to the vertical lift community. This resultant paper will examine how sUAS performing a more interconnected role will impact overall battlespace security. In addition, the paper will analyze and assess the impacts to the attributes of sUAS including size, weight, power, and cost (SWAP-C), life-cycle cost, mission system and payload integration and upgradability. Finally, the paper will identify technology considerations to address sUAS interoperability, safety, security, qualification, and accommodations for new, as well as legacy technology.
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Daniel, Dr, und Dr William. „Applicable Lessons Learned from AHIP/OH-58D and LHX/RAH-66 Development Programs for the Army's FARA Open Systems Aircraft“. In Vertical Flight Society 76th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0076-2020-16264.
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The Army's Future Attack Reconnaissance Aircraft (FARA) program is much bigger than the two ambitious high speed helicopters that Bell and Sikorsky will now get more than $1 billion to build. At least five other major moving pieces must come together on time to turn the final aircraft, whoever makes it, into a working weapon: - a new Improved Turbine Engine built by GE; - helicopter-launched mini-drones called Air Launched Effects (ALE); - a new Long-Range Precision Munition (LRPM), with the Israeli Spike-NLOS as the initial version; - an Integrated Missile Launcher (IML) to launch both the missile and the drones; - and the underlying electronic framework of standards and interfaces to plug it all together, the Modular Open Systems Architecture (MOSA). *Recently, FARA has added a 20mm Gatling Gun being developed by The Advanced Rotorcraft Armament and Protection System (ARAPS) program team at the U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Center (CCDC) Armaments Center The Army is "not just focused on the air vehicle, but focused on the weapon system," said Brig. Gen. Walter Rugen, Future Vertical Lift director at Army Futures Command, in a call this morning with reporters. [1] While some have questioned the viability of fielding the FARA in ten years, e.g. by 2028, others have offered reasons on why the plan for a next-gen recon aircraft needs to be accelerated. Who knows how much money will be available to the Army for sustaining its aviation fleet as budget walls close in over the next several years? Trilliondollar deficits have a way of impinging on defense budgets. What is proposed, though, is that the Army compress its development schedule for a new armed recon rotorcraft so that our soldiers begin to be better equipped against the likes of Russia and China somewhere around 2025, rather than after 2030. A whole lot can happen in ten years. We don't need another Army development program to be overtaken by events. (2) However, since the FARA will likely be in service for a half-century or more, it makes sense to conduct rigorous analysis up front to ensure that what is fielded has the capabilities to provide the most value for the warfighter and the taxpayer. Prior to spending billions of dollars and decades producing the FARA aircraft, it is prudent to spend the time to determine what the right solutions should be. Many projects fail when the initial requirements are not well thought out and the ramifications are not clearly understood. To solve the tension between these conflicting desires, designers need to iterate the design sensitivities with operational analysis to show the pros and cons of each attribute, alone and in concert, but ultimately the Army must prioritize its requirements and potentially make hard trade-off decisions.(3) The major objective of this paper is provide a methodology for the necessary understanding of the push and pull of technology readiness and application through trade studies and operational analysis early to avoid disappointments and to minimize FARA slippages and cost increases. This will be accomplished by reviewing Lessons Learned from the AHIP/OH-58D Kiowa Warrior and the LHX/RAH-66 Comanche development programs. While the authors were directly involved in these programs as Army Aviation engineers, managers and senior executives, the major emphasis for this paper will be to address how the government-industry teams brought these programs successfully through initial development. Fortunately, for the AHIP/OH-58D Kiowa Warrior Development Program there are excellent documentation of the government-industry team participation in References 4 and 5. While the authors strongly endorse the lessons learned in these documents, they will have a few of their own. For the LHX/RAH66 Comanche Development Program there is considerably less documentation; however, the authors will provide Army and their lessons learned. It is hoped that this paper and the referenced documents will be read, and the lessons learned by both government and industry involved in the FARA development program.