Dissertationen: „Composing activity“

1

Erickson, Joey Jason. „Composing Rhetoric and Composition Program Websites: A Situated Study and a Heuristic Model“. Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1306199890.

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2

Kirkman, Philip. „Secondary music students' compositional development with computer-mediated environments in classroom communities“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/244366.

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Over the last decade digital technologies have brought significant changes to classroom music, promising support for the realisation of a musical education for all students. National curricula and exam specifications continue to embed technology more deeply. While these changes increasingly impact on music classrooms, there is a growing awareness that the presence of digital technologies may not always promote meaningful compositional development, particularly at GCSE level. A ‘musical’ curriculum seeks to promote meaningful compositional development by building upon a student’s previous musical experience and by providing practical, integrated and collaborative composing experiences. Existing empirical research demonstrates that a wide range of digital technologies are used in secondary classrooms to support students’ compositional processes. When used successfully, such technologies give rise to computer- mediated environments which promote musical composing experiences. At the same time, current models of compositional development do not adequately account for the ways in which such contextual factors mediate students’ compositional development. In response to this, the current research employs a multiple case study approach to explore the ways in which two secondary music students’ compositional development proceeds when working with digital technologies. Drawing from both symbolic interactionism and activity theory as complementary theoretical lenses, students’ own views of their developing composing process are positioned in a critical and reflexive dialogue with the researcher’s own constant analysis. Tools for data collection include a novel synchronous multiple video capture technique (SMV) developed to meet the demands of the project. The methodology draws on ethnographic techniques and the framework for analysis is based on an adapted constant comparative procedure. Set in the context of a UK secondary school the thesis explores several themes which emerge from the stories of Sam and Emily, our two student cases, and which add to current understanding of compositional development with computer-mediated environments. A theoretical model is proposed which presents the process of compositional development in terms of four connections that emerge from Sam’s and Emily’s ways of working. They are: connecting in institutional space, connecting in personalised space, connecting in emancipated space and connecting in shared space. Four developmental points are offered within these spaces: a point of enabling, a point of discovery, a point of transformation and a point of connection. Each point of development is linked to a type of development which, drawing on the literature, have been given the following titles: scaffolded development, serendipitous development, computer-mediated development and creative development. Finally, the study suggests several implications for teachers and avenues for further research relating to the nature of personalised spaces, providing varied contextual opportunities, understanding computer- mediated composing and promoting student ownership.

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3

Tudor, Jonathan Simon. „Synthesis and catalytic activity of organometallic-inorganic composite materials“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339188.

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4

Chen, Hongtu. „The influence of compaction and amendment type on biological activity during biosolids co-composting“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0004/MQ32074.pdf.

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5

Deighton-Smith, Nova. „Body image, health, and physical activity in pregnant women : a composite analysis“. Thesis, Leeds Beckett University, 2014. http://eprints.leedsbeckett.ac.uk/2644/.

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Women’s appearances are often judged by stringent, societal expectations, notably that of the thin-ideal. Pregnancy presents a definitive, yet naturally-occurring deviation from this norm. Research findings on how pregnant women cope with bodily changes however, are equivocal. Some feel protected from appearance-related concerns, whilst others experience increased body dissatisfaction. The aim of the present research was to build a composite understanding of factors that have an influence on body image attitudes and coping strategies in nulliparous women. Underpinned by a new realist and pragmatic approach, the research comprised of qualitative and quantitative components. The first aim was to explore messages about the pregnant body, and the role of exercise in UK magazines and online news sites. A qualitative, thematic examination of articles revealed a stark “invisibility” of the pregnant body in fashion magazines and a disparity in exercise messages and bodily portrayals among news and magazine publications. Overwhelmingly, beauty equated with the thin-ideal, not the pregnant body in news sites and fashion magazines. Study 1’s findings and existing pregnancy research guided Study 2; an exploration of women’s thoughts about their pregnant bodies, the role of exercise, and media-related, bodily descriptions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine pregnant women. Thematic analysis revealed that although women accepted their pregnant bodies, they experienced unwelcomed appearance-related comments, comparisons, and physical contact by others. Their pregnant bodies were perceived as being persistently scrutinised. Finally, a quantitative exploration of appearance-related experiences was conducted, using an online questionnaire administered to 181 pregnant women. Guided by Cash’s (2011a) theoretical model, a multitude of complex factors were examined using path analysis. The model revealed that body appreciation / acceptance, body shame and surveillance, fitness / health attitudes, and appearance evaluation / investment were influenced by historical (e.g., self-esteem, public self-consciousness) and proximal factors (e.g., social comparison). Exercise participation, clothing for concealment, and avoidance / fixing behaviours were associated with shame and surveillance, appearance comparisons, and physical discomforts in pregnancy. The present research indicates that women experience complex appearance- and fitness-related issues in pregnancy. The research concludes by highlighting the importance of nurturing self-esteem in pregnancy to increase body confidence and protect against negative coping strategies through the transition towards motherhood.

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6

Tartanson, Marie-Anne. „Mise en œuvre d’un nouveau matériau pour la désinfection des eaux de spa : approches expérimentale et mécanistique“. Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20237.

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Ce travail de thèse a pour objectif l'étude des performances bactéricides et l'identification des mécanismes d'abattement bactérien d'un nouveau matériau Al2O3-TiO2-Ag pour la désinfection des eaux de spa. L'activité bactéricide du matériau fondée sur les propriétés antibactérienne de l'argent a été démontrée en réacteur statique puis en dynamique sur la base d'un mélange bactérien E. coli et S. epidermidis non pathogène (Gram négatif et Gram positif). Cette désinfection est favorisée à 37°C, en conditions aérobies et sans sel (CaCO3 ou CaCl2), correspondant aux conditions de mise en œuvre du spa. Elle repose sur une action couplée de la désorption d'argent et de la surface du matériau, induisant la génération de Réactive Oxygen Species (ROS) en conditions aérobies. Cette action de surface devient majoritaire en réacteur continu avec une désorption qui représente moins de 1% de l'argent total déposé. Une modification du traitement de surface du matériau améliore l'activité bactéricide et diminue la désorption d'argent (seulement 0,4 mg.L-1 en solution). L'analyse des mécanismes bactéricides a mis en évidence une action immédiate du matériau avec lyse mais aussi condensation de l'ADN, endommagement de la chaîne respiratoire et attaque oxydative des ROS représentant près de 60 % de l'abattement des bactéries
This work aims to study the bactericidal performances of an innovative Al2O3-TiO2-Ag material for spa water disinfection and to identify the involved bactericidal mechanisms. The bactericidal activity based on silver disinfectant properties was highlighted in static and dynamic conditions with a non pathogenic bacterial mixture of E. coli and S. epidermidis (negative and positive Grams respectively). This disinfection was favored at 37°C, in aerobic conditions and without salt (CaCO3 or CaCl2). It was involved by a coupled action of desorbed and supported silver material, inducing a ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) generation in aerobic conditions. In a dynamic reactor, a surface action mainly happened with a desorption lower than 1% of the total deposited silver. An improvement of the material surface treatment provided an better bactericidal activity coupled with a decreased desorption (only 0.4 mg.L-1 in solution). The investigation of the bactericidal mechanisms evidenced immediate material action with lysis but also DNA condensation, collapse of the respiratory chain and oxidative attack of ROS representing nearly 60% of the bacterial removal

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Muta, Yu. „Composite regulation of ERK activity dynamics underlying tumour-specific traits in the intestine“. Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/235061.

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8

Wytrykush, Laura G. „Effect of soil loading rate on microbial activity during co-composting of diesel-contaminated clay soil“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ57596.pdf.

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9

Bustos, Felipe (Felipe Antonio Bustos Sánchez), und Fernando Andres Barraza. „Characterizing manufacturing activity in the United States of America : composite index of leading indicators“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70894.

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Thesis (S.M. in Engineering and Management)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, System Design and Management Program, February 2012.
"February, 2012." Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 73).
The purpose of this work is to demonstrate that is possible to characterize the US manufacturing activity utilizing public data. Analysis of the state of the art in manufacturing metrics showed that our approach is unique since exploits a niche that is not covered by any existent report or indicator. A Composite Index of Leading Indicators (MCI) was created for the domestic manufacturing activity, exclusively based in official data from the US Census Bureau and the US Bureau of Labor Statistics. The MCI was benchmarked against the US Manufacturing Gross Domestic Product (GDP). As a result, evidence was found that MCI anticipates in 5 - 9 months to the GDP economic fluctuations, as measured through cross-correlation analysis. Additionally, the developed framework was satisfactorily applied to Canada as a second source of validation. In practice, other feature of MCI that stands out respect the existent metrics is that provides insight at the level of subsectors according to the North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS). The MCI behaves properly in 18 of the 20 subsectors analyzed, being of especial interest the subsectors like Primary Metals and Petroleum and Coal Products, which have a larger lead and correlation. Conclusions of our work show that the manufacturing sector can be effectively described using the MCI, providing managers and decision makers with a novel perspective of the upcoming manufacturing scenario.
Felipe Bustos and Fernando Barraza.
S.M.in Engineering and Management

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10

Nguyen, James. „Antibacterial activity and shear bond strength of a composite resin containing selenium in vitro“. Thesis, NSUWorks, 2011. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_cdm_stuetd/31.

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Introduction: Orthodontic treatment may cause an increased accumulation of cariogenic bacteria. An orthodontic resin with antibacterial properties may inhibit bacterial growth around the brackets. The aims of this in-vitro study were to compare the antibacterial and mechanical properties of the newly introduced orthodontic resin containing selenium with a standard resin and a resin modified glass ionomer (RMGI). Methods: Three orthodontic materials were tested (SeLECTDefense; TransbondXT, Fuji Ortho-LC). The antibacterial properties of these materials were evaluated by studying the bacterial growth in liquid media (BG) and agar diffusion (AD) tests. In the BG testing, 100 adhesive discs (3mmx2mm) were created of each material. Five discs were then placed into each vial containing 0.5ml of brain-heart-infusion broth and 2.5µl of streptococcus mutans (MS)(n=20). Following incubation (37°C, 24hours), the vials were placed in a Spectrophotomoter (Genesys 20) at 600 nm to determine bacterial growth by measuring the optical density (OD). In the AG testing, agar plates were inoculated with 100µl of MS in brain heart infusion agar. Fifteen adhesive discs (6mmx2mm) of each material were prepared and placed into groups of five on 3 agar plates. Following incubation (37°C, 48 hours), the agar plates were visually inspected for zones of bacterial inhibition. The mechanical properties were evaluated using shear bond strength testing (SBS) and an adhesive remnant index scoring (ARI). Sixty human premolars were randomly assorted into groups of 20 for each material (n=20). The brackets were bonded following the manufacturers' instructions. Debonding was performed using a universal testing device (Instron)(crossheadspeed 5mm/min). The mode of failure was evaluated using a stereomicroscope (OlympusSZX7) and scored 0-to-3 for remaining adhesive on enamel. Results were statistically analyzed using Welsch's ANOVA, One way ANOVA, Tukey's Kramer and Tukey's HSD tests. Results: In BG, the resin containing selenium (SD) promoted more bacterial growth (OD=0.427) compared to the standard resin (XT) (OD= 0.222) and RMGI (OD=0.275). In AD, no zones of inhibition were observed which means that no antibacterial agent was released from any of the orthodontic adhesives. In SBS, SD (11.63±2.07MPa) showed statistically lower bond strength than XT (15.16±4.68MPa) but both resins were in the clinically acceptable range. RMGI (6.03±3.95MPa) showed a statistically lower bond strength at a clinically unacceptable degree. Debonding was mostly at the bracket-adhesive interface for SD (ARI=2&3) meaning that most of the adhesive remained on the enamel. In XT and RMGI groups, debonding occurred mostly at the adhesive-enamel interfaces (ARI=0&1). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the resin containing selenium did not show any favorable antibacterial properties in comparison to the other materials. None of the materials, including fluoride-releasing RMGI, caused bacterial inhibition in their surroundings. The resin containing selenium showed clinically acceptable but statistically lower bond strength as compared to standard resin but its mode of failure was more favorable because most of the adhesive remained on enamel.

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11

Steele, Karl Christopher. „Evaluation of TiO2 and Ag-TiO2, CuO-TiO2 composite films for self-disinfection activity“. Thesis, University of Salford, 2009. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26923/.

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The removal or killing of microorganisms on surfaces is of concern in the health care setting, food preparation areas and general work environment. The use of TiO2 photosterilisation has been proposed as an alternative to chemical disinfection of surfaces as a means to reduce the need for increasingly concentrated and aggressive chemicals necessary to kill disinfectant-resistant organisms. The objective of this research was to evaluate the ability of photocatalytic oxidation to reduce bacterial and viral contaminants on surfaces coated with TiOa and Ag-TiC^, TiO2-Ag, Cu-TiC^, TiO2-Cu. There are no British Standards that cover evaluation of such surfaces. A method for evaluation of photocatalytic surfaces was therefore developed from BS EN 13697:2001 and used to evaluate the activities of a variety of catalytic surfaces coated with TiO2, Ag and Cu and multi-layers of Ag-TiO2,TiO2-Ag, Cu-TiO2,TiO2-Cu. The antimicrobial activities were found to be dependent on the nature of the coating. Highest killing activities were obtained with Ag and Cu alone but combinations of Ag or Cu with TiO2were more active than TiO2 alone and also retained some self- cleaning activity. The results showed that the developed method was adaptable for determination of the antimicrobial activity of coatings with a wide range of activities producing 100% killing of Escherichia coll in times from 3 min up to 4 h. The results showed that it was possible to produce self cleaning self disinfecting surfaces and that surfaces with TiO2 on top, although having reduced activity compared to Ag or Cu, were durable and may have applications in the prevention of transmission of infections on surfaces in a wide range of applications.

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12

Okeyo, George Onyango. „A hybrid knowledge-driven approach for composite activity modelling and recognition in smart environments“. Thesis, Ulster University, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.591053.

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The rising ageing population worldwide impacts social and economic facets of modern society, and eventually the quality of human life. There is an increasing demand on a new paradigm of healthcare provisioning that can help address the growing needs of the elderly who are more likely to experience age-related physical frailties and cognitive decline, and also the shortage of public healthcare resources. Ambient assisted living (AAL) with smart homes as a specific realisation of the metaphor has emerged as a realistic technology-driven approach to supporting independent living and delaying institutionalisation. Activity recognition plays a pivotal role in the identification of users' behavioural needs, thus allowing AAL applications to provide context-aware assistive services. This Thesis conceives, designs and develops a hybrid knowledge-driven ontology-based approach for activity modelling and recognition and underlying technologies and tools, which provides a viable technological solution for AAL and advances research frontiers of associated research areas. The Thesis has been conducted through four complementary studies, each addressing a core aspect of the proposed approach. The first study developed and evaluated a hybrid approach to activity modelling that uses ontologies to specify activity models for activities of daily living (ADL), and temporal logic to represent inter-activity relationships for composite activities. The second study developed a dynamic sliding time window-based mechanism for segmenting streaming sensor data to support real-time activity recognition. The mechanism includes a fonnal time window model and its parameters together with algorithms that dynamically manipulate the parameters at runtime to vary the length of the time window. The third study developed a unified approach to simple and composite activity recognition. The approach provided a modular architecture that was realized as a multi-agent system, with agents playing various roles and cooperating to identify simple and composite activities. The final study developed techniques that analyze logged activity data to learn new activities and preferences to adapt initial activity models to make them more complete and responsive. This Thesis implemented ontologies, a software prototype for the proposed approach, and supportive utility tools, e.g. simulator, and synthetic ADL data generator, for experimentation. In addition, all methods and algorithms have been tested and evaluated using various synthetic and real ADL datasets. Experiment results have demonstrated the feasibility of the approach to support real -time activity recognition for both simple and composite activity recognition.

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Tu, Yuting. „Catalytic activity of sewage sludge-derived char composite catalysts towards the oxidation of organic contaminants in water“. Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10260/document.

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La gestion des boues de station d'épuration est un problème majeur. Dans ce travail, des charbons préparés à partir de boues de station d'épuration (SC) ont été utilisés comme support de catalyseurs. Les performances de ces catalyseurs ont été évaluées dans trois réactions d'oxydation pour le traitement de l'eau : le procédé Fenton, l'oxydation en voie humide catalytique et l'ozonation catalytique. Le catalyseur à base d'oxyde de fer supporté sur ce charbon (FeSC) est très actif dans le procédé de type Fenton pour la décoloration et la minéralisation de l'acide orange II (AOII). Les impuretés inorganiques présentes dans le charbon (cendres), telles que SiO2 et AI2O3, peuvent jouer le rôle de co-catalyseur. Le catalyseur FeSC est également très performant dans l'oxydation en voie humide catalytique du 2-chlorophénol à 120°C sous 0.9 MPa de pression partielle d'oxygène. Cependant, une lixiviation du fer est observée en cours de réaction du fait de la production de HC1 et de petits acides carboxyliques. La lixiviation du fer peut toutefois être évitée lorsque le pH du mélange réactionnel est maintenu en dessus de 4.5, sans que les performances catalytiques n'en soient affectées. Enfin, un catalyseur Mn-g-C3N4 supporté par un charbon obtenu à partir de boue de station d'épuration obtenu par modification de nitrure de carbone par des nanoparticules de manganèse a été synthétisé. L'activité catalytique de ce catalyseur composite est 1.6 fois supérieure à celle du catalyseur Mn-g-C3N4 non supporté. Ce catalyseur composite présente par ailleurs une bonne résistance à l'oxydation et une bonne stabilité, sans qu'aucune lixiviation du manganèse ne soit observée
The disposal of sewage sludge has become an issue of particular concern. In this thesis, sewage sludge derived carbon (SC) was employed as a catalyst support. The catalytic behavior of the prepared SC-based composite catalysts was investigated in three kinds of typical oxidation reactions, including heterogeneous Fenton-like oxidation, catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) and catalytic ozonation. Sewage sludge-derived carbon supported iron oxide catalyst (FeSC) showed high Fenton-like performances in the discoloration and mineralization of acid orange II (AOII). Inorganic components in the SC, such as SiO2 and AI2O3 may present have a co-catalytic effect upon Fenton-like reaction. FeSC catalyst also performed quite well in the CWAO of 2-CP at 120°C under 0.9 MPa oxygen partial pressure. However, iron leaching was observed due to the generation of HC1 and some small chain organic acids. Iron leaching could be efficiently prevented when the pH of the solution was maintained at values higher than 4.5, while the catalytic activity was only slightly reduced. Finally, Mn2O3 nanoparticles modified g-C3N4 (Mn-g-C3N4) was synthetized as a novel ozonation catalyst. To enlarge the adsorption capacity of the catalyst and improve its performances in the ozonation of sulfamethoxazole, the Mn-g-C3N4 catalyst was further supported over the sewage sludge-based activated carbon (SBAC). The catalytic activity of the composite catalyst was ca. 1.6 times higher compared to the unsupported Mn-g-C3N4 catalyst. The composite catalyst also exhibited very good resistance towards oxidation, limited Mn leaching and high stability

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Corey, Jessica Rose. „Literate Artifacts and Psychosocial Compositions: Feminist Activism's Composing, Archiving, and Revising of Social Narratives“. Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1448646252.

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15

Lei, Hua. „Modeling and Data Analysis of Conductive Polymer Composite Sensors“. Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2006. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1577.pdf.

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16

Chai, Hee Seok. „La comptabilité de gestion en tant que composant de l'organisation : éléments pour une modélisation“. Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010024.

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Cette recherche traite des questions sur la nouvelle conceptualisation des systèmes de comptabilités de gestion. En examinant ses sources organisationnelles, le nouveau rôle de la comptabilité de gestion, en tant que composant de l'organisation, est retrouve et encadre. La comptabilité de gestion est considérée comme un paradigme organisationnel permettant aux acteurs de prendre leur propre action dans un logique de système, et de s'adapter de mieux en mieux aux contextes contingents de la firme, à travers le processus d'apprentissage organisationnel. Son efficacité est, par conséquent, très dépendant des choix organisationnels. Les règles d'une modélisation organisationnelle de la comptabilité de gestion sont proposées sur la base des trois pôles suivants : a) Besoin des utilisations des informations dans les différents processus de management, b) Pertinence des informations dépendant de leurs divers usages, c) Trois manières d'intégration - l'intégration structurale (par la réorganisation), l'intégration normative ou sociale (par la culture) et l'intégration instrumentale (par la technologie). Cette étude présente enfin quelques points stratégiques relatifs au design et à la mise en œuvre d'un nouveau système comptable de gestion.

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Oliveira, Ariana Reis Messias Fernandes de. „Morfoanatomia, composi??o qu?mica e atividade biol?gica do ?leo essencial de esp?cies nativas de Lippia“. Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, 2014. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/219.

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The aim of this study was to characterize the morphology, production, content, chemical composition and bioactive activity of essential oils of Lippia bromleyana, Lippia lasiocalycina, Lippia insignis and Lippia thymoides, endemic species of the Bahia semi-arid. The species were grown in the Experimental Station Horto Florestal State University of Feira de Santana (UEFS) in the city of Feira de Santana - Bahia. The essential oils are extracted from dry leaves and inflorescences, by hydrodistillation in Clevenger apparatus, and chemical composition was determined by GC/MS and GC/FID. Were carried out quantitative and qualitative morphological characterizations, in addition to agronomic characterization. The leaf anatomy, types and frequency of hair were observed in binocular microscope and electronic scanning light. The antioxidant activity was assessed by the ability of the substances present in the sample capture the free radical DPPH, using five concentrations of essential oils (2, 6, 10, 14 and 18 mg mL1) and the antifungal activity by mycelium growth in vitro testing five essential oil concentrations (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.25 ?L mL-1). In conditions where the study was conducted, it can be concluded that there are morphological differences between species in all traits, except only the number of flowers per inflorescence; there agronomic differences for all traits with L. lasiocalycina stood out in relation to the variable oil yield, while L. insignis and L. thymoides regarding the essential oil content; were identified six types of glandular trichomes one, two and tetracelular and three types of trichomes; the species L. bromleyana presents as differential anatomical absence of trichomes on the abaxial surface; L. thymoides has glandular trichomes with irregular contours on both sides, distinguishing it from other species; the frequency of trichomes on the abaxial surface is higher in species L. insignis and L. lasiocalycina, which are more anatomically similar; the major compounds found in the samples of essential oils of L. bromleyana, L. lasiocalycina, L. insignis and L. thymoides were piperitone oxide and limonene; E-ocimenona, myrcenone, myrcene, ?-myrcene and ?-cymene; thymol, myrcenone and E-ocimenona; and ?-caryophyllene, germacrene D, respectively; L. insignis and L. bromleyana stood out in relation to the antioxidant and antifungal activity, respectively.
O objetivo desse trabalho foi caracterizar a morfologia e a produ??o, teor, composi??o qu?mica e atividade bioativa de ?leos essenciais de Lippia bromleyana, Lippia lasiocalycina, Lippia insignis e Lippia thymoides, esp?cies end?micas do semi?rido baiano. As esp?cies foram cultivadas na Unidade Experimental Horto Florestal da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), na cidade de Feira de Santana ? Bahia. Os ?leos essenciais foram extra?dos de folhas e infloresc?ncias secas, por meio da hidrodestila??o em aparelho de Clevenger e a composi??o qu?mica determinada por CG/EM e CG/DIC. Foram realizadas caracteriza??es morfol?gicas quantitativas e qualitativas, al?m da caracteriza??o agron?mica. A anatomia foliar, tipos e frequ?ncia de tricomas foram observados em microsc?pio de luz binocular e eletr?nico de varredura. A atividade antioxidante foi avaliada pela capacidade das subst?ncias presentes na amostra captarem o radical livre DPPH, utilizando cinco concentra??es dos ?leos essenciais (2, 6, 10, 14 e 18 mg mL-1) e a atividade antif?ngica pelo crescimento miceliano in vitro, testando cinco concentra??es do ?leo essencial (0,25, 0,50, 0,75, 1,0 e 1,25 ?L mL-1). Nas condi??es em que foi realizado o estudo, pode-se concluir que existem diferen?as morfol?gicas entre as esp?cies em todas as caracter?sticas avaliadas, com exce??o apenas para o n?mero de flores por infloresc?ncia; existem diferen?as agron?micas para todos os caracteres avaliados, sendo que L. lasiocalycina se destacou em rela??o ? vari?vel rendimento de ?leo, enquanto que L. insignis e L. thymoides em rela??o ao teor de ?leo essencial; foram identificados seis tipos de tricomas glandulares uni, bi e tetracelular e tr?s tipos de tricomas tectores; a esp?cie L. bromleyana apresenta como diferencial anat?mico aus?ncia de tricomas tectores na face abaxial; L. thymoides possui tricomas glandulares com contornos irregulares em ambas as faces, distinguindo-a das demais esp?cies; a frequ?ncia de tricomas tectores na face abaxial ? superior nas esp?cies L. insignis e L. lasiocalycina, as quais s?o mais semelhantes anatomicamente; os compostos majorit?rios encontrados nas amostras dos ?leos essenciais de L. bromleyana, L. lasiocalycina L. insignis e L. thymoides foram: ?xido de piperitona e limoneno; E-ocimenona, mircenona, mirceno, ?-mirceno e ?-cimeno; timol, mircenona e E-ocimenona; ?-cariofileno e germacreno D, respectivamente; L. insignis e L. bromleyana se destacaram em rela??o ? atividade antioxidante e antif?ngica, respectivamente.

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Costa, Mariana Santana Santos Pereira da. „Efeito da salinidade da ?gua do mar no rendimento, composi??o e atividades biol?gicas de fra??es polissacar?dicas da Chlorophyta Caulerpa cupressoides var. flabellata“. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2010. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/12561.

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
Seaweeds sulfated polysaccharides have been described as having various pharmacological activities. However, nothing is known about the influence of salinity on the structure of sulfated polysaccharides from green seaweed and pharmacological activities they perform. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of salinity of seawater on yield and composition of polysaccharides-rich fractions from green seaweed Caulerpa cupressoides var. flabellata, collected in two different salinities beaches of the coast of Rio Grande do Norte, and to verify the influence of salinity on their biological activities. We extracted four sulfated polysaccharides-rich fractions from C. cupressoides collected in Camapum beach (denominated CCM F0.3; F0.5; F1.0; F2.0), which the seawater has higher salinity, and Buzios beach (denominated CCB F0.3; F0.5; F1.0; F2.0). Different from that observed for other seaweeds, the proximate composition of C. cupressoides did not change with increased salinity. Moreover, interestingly, the C. cupresoides have high amounts of protein, greater even than other edible seaweeds. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the yield of polysaccharide fractions of CCM and its CCB counterparts, which indicates that salinity does not interfere with the yield of polysaccharide fractions. However, there was a significant difference in the sulfate/sugar ratio of F0.3 (p<0.05) and F0.5 (p<0.01) (CCM F0.3 and CCB F0.5 was higher than those determined for their counterparts), while the sulfate/sugar ratio the F1.0 and F2.0 did not change significantly (p>0.05) with salinity. This result suggested that the observed difference in the sulfate/sugar ratio between the fractions from CCM and CCB, is not merely a function of salinity, but probably also is related to the biological function of these biopolymers in seaweed. In addition, the salinity variation between collection sites did not influence algal monosaccharide composition, eletrophoretic mobility or the infrared spectrum of polysaccharides, demonstrating that the salinity does not change the composition of sulfated polysaccharides of C. cupressoides. There were differences in antioxidant and anticoagulant fractions between CCM and CCB. CCB F0.3 (more sulfated) had higher total antioxidant capacity that CCM F0.3, since the chelating ability the CCM F0.5 was more potent than CCB F0.5 (more sulfated). These data indicate that the activities of sulfated polysaccharides from CCM and CCB depend on the spatial patterns of sulfate groups and that it is unlikely to be merely a charge density effect. C. cupressoides polysaccharides also exhibited anticoagulant activity in the intrinsic (aPTT test) and extrinsic pathway (PT test). CCB F1.0 and CCM F1.0 showed different (p<0,001) aPTT activity, although F0.3 and F0.5 showed no difference (p>0,05) between CCM and CCB, corroborating the fact that the sulfate/sugar ratio is not a determining factor for biological activity, but rather for sulfate distribution along the sugar chain. Moreover, F0.3 and F0.5 activity in aPTT test was similar to that of clexane?, anticoagulant drug. In addition, F0.5 showed PT activity. These results suggest that salinity may have created subtle differences in the structure of sulfated polysaccharides, such as the distribution of sulfate groups, which would cause differences in biological activities between the fractions of the CCM and the CCB
Polissacar?deos sulfatados de algas marinhas t?m sido descritos por apresentarem diversas atividades farmacol?gicas. No entanto, nada se sabe a respeito da influ?ncia da salinidade da ?gua do mar na estrutura de polissacar?deos sulfatados de algas verdes e nas atividades farmacol?gicas por eles desempenhadas. Por isso, objetivo principal deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da salinidade da ?gua do mar no rendimento e na composi??o de fra??es polissacar?dicas da alga verde Caulerpa cupressoides var. flabellata, coletada em duas praias de diferentes salinidades do litoral do Rio Grande do Norte, bem como verificar se as altera??es provocadas pela salinidade se refletiriam em atividades biol?gicas das fra??es. Extraiu-se quatro fra??es ricas em polissacar?deos sulfatados da C. cupressoides coletada na praia de Camapum (denominado CCM F0.3, F0.5, F1.0, F2.0), a qual a ?gua tem maior salinidade, e na praia de B?zios (denominados CCB F0.3; F0.5, F1.0, F2.0). Diferente do observado para outras algas, a composi??o centesimal da C. cupressoides n?o se alterou em fun??o desta crescer em ambiente de maior da salinidade. Al?m disso, interessantemente, a C. cupressoides t?m altas quantidades de prote?nas, maior at? do esp?cies de algas comest?veis. N?o houve diferen?a significativa (p> 0,05) entre o rendimento das fra??es polissacar?dicas da CCM e das suas correlatas na CCB, o que indica que a salinidade n?o interfere no rendimento das fra??es polissacar?dicas. No entanto, houve uma diferen?a significativa na raz?o sulfato/a??car da F0.3 (p <0,05) e F0.5 (p <0,01) (a raz?o sulfato/a??car da CCM F0.3 e da CCB F0.5foram maiores do que suas correlatas), enquanto a raz?o sulfato/a??car da F1.0 e F2.0 n?o se alterou significativamente (p> 0,05) com a salinidade. Este resultado sugere que a diferen?a observada na raz?o sulfato/a??car entre as fra??es da CCM e CCB, n?o ?, meramente, fun??o da salinidade, mas provavelmente est? relacionada com a fun??o biol?gica destes biopol?meros nas algas marinhas. Al?m disso, a varia??o de salinidade entre os locais de coleta n?o influenciou a composi??o monossacar?dica, a mobilidade eletrofor?tica ou os espectros de infravermelho das fra??es polissacar?dicas, demonstrando que a salinidade n?o altera a composi??o de polissacar?deos sulfatados de C. cupressoides. Houve diferen?as nas atividades antioxidantes e anticoagulantes entre a CCM e CCB. CCB F0.3 (mais sulfatada) apresentou maior capacidade antioxidante total que CCM F0.3, j? a habilidade quelante da CCM F0.5 foi mais potente que a CCB F0.5 (mais sulfatada). Estes dados indicam que, provavelmente, as atividades biol?gicas das fra??es polissacar?dicas da CCM e CCB dependem do padr?o de distribui??o espacial dos grupos sulfatos no pol?mero e que n?o ?, meramente, um efeito da densidade de carga. Polissacar?deos de C. cupressoides tamb?m exibiram atividade anticoagulante na via intr?nseca (aPTT) e via extr?nseca (teste PT). CCB F1.0 e CCM F1.0 mostraram diferen?as significantes (p <0,001) no aPTT, j? F0.3 e F0.5 n?o mostraram diferen?a (p> 0,05) entre a CCM e CCB, corroborando o fato de que a raz?o sulfato/a??car n?o ? um fator determinante para a atividade biol?gica, mas sim, a distribui??o do sulfato ao longo da cadeia do polissacar?deo. Al?m disso, F0.3 e F0.5 apresentaram atividade no teste de aPTT semelhante a clexane?, medicamento anticoagulante. Adicionalmente, as F0.5 mostraram atividade no PT. Estes resultados sugerem que a salinidade pode ter criado sutis diferen?as na estrutura dos polissacar?deos sulfatados, como por exemplo, na distribui??o dos grupos sulfatos, o que ocasionaria as diferen?as nas atividades biol?gicas entre as fra??es da CCM e da CCB

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Marsh, Timothy Edward. „High Performance Hyperbranched Polymers For Improved Processing And Mechanical Properties In Thermoset Composites“. Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1220652257.

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Valadares, Sammya Nayara Silva. „Composi??o qu?mica, toxicidade e atividade biol?gica de Vatairea macrocarpa (Benth.) Ducke (Leguminosae)“. Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, 2017. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/501.

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
The species Vatairea macrocarpa (Benth.) Ducke is typical of Brazil, popularly known as maleiteira, angelim-do-cerrado and bitter, and is popularly used to treat various pathologies. The present study had as objective to evaluate the chemical chemistry, a toxicity and biological potential of extracts of leaves and stem of V. macrocarpa. The extracts were obtained by maceration in methanol.The chemical composition was analyzed by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Phenoliccompounds, flavonoid and antioxidant activity tests were performed using the diphenylpicrilhydrazyl radical sequestration method (DPPH) and the ?-carotene / linoleic acid co-oxidation method. The acute toxicity test and the motor coordination evaluation were performed by the rota-rod test, as well as the tests for the evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity (carrageenan-induced paw edema) and analgesic (acetic acid, formalin and hot plate). In the extracts the presence of flavonoids, steroids, terpenes, coumarins, saponins and absence of alkaloids were identified. The content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids were determined and both extracts presented antioxidant activity in both methods. No toxic signs were observed for both extracts at the fixed dose of 300 mg / kg or changes in the motor coordination of the animals at the doses tested. Both the stem and the leaves showed antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity in the tests performed. In view of the promising results presented by this species it is necessary to continue the studies with the same in order to isolate and identify substances and elucidate their mechanisms of action regarding the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities.
A esp?cie Vatairea macrocarpa (Benth.) Ducke ? t?pica do Brasil, conhecida popularmente como maleiteira, angelim-do-cerrado e amargoso, e ? utilizada popularmente para tratamento diversas patologias. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a composi??o qu?mica, a toxicidade e o potencial biol?gico dos extratos brutos das folhas e do caule de V. macrocarpa. Os extratos foram obtidos atrav?s da macera??o em metanol. A composi??o qu?mica foi analisadaatrav?s da Cromatografia em Camada Delgada (CCD) e testes de determina??o de fen?licos e flavonoides. A avalia??o da atividade antioxidante foi realizada atrav?s do m?todo de sequestro de radical difenilpicrilhidrazila (DPPH) e do m?todo de co-oxida??o do ?-caroteno/?cido linoleico. Testes in vivo de toxicidade aguda e a avalia??o da coordena??o motora pelo teste rota rod, al?mdos testes para a avalia??o da atividade anti-inflamat?ria (edema da pata induzida por carragenina) e analg?sica (?cido ac?tico, formalina e placa quente) foram realizados. Nos extratos foi identificada a presen?a de compostos fen?licos, esteroides, terpenos, cumarinas, saponinas e aus?ncia de alcaloides. Foi determinado o teor de compostos fen?licos e flavonoides e ambos os extratos apresentaram atividade antioxidante nos dois m?todos.N?o foi verificado sinais t?xicos por ambos os extratos na dose fixa de 300 mg/Kg, nem altera??es na coordena??o motora dos animais nas doses testadas.Tanto o caule quanto as folhas demonstraram atividade antinociceptiva e anti-inflamat?ria nos testes realizados. Diante dos resultados promissores apresentados por essa esp?cie deve-se continuar os estudos a fim de isolar e identificar subst?ncias, bem como elucidar seus mecanismos de a??o quanto ?s atividades anti-inflamat?ria e analg?sica.

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Iferroudjene, Djedjiga. „Complément et réponse immune : effet comitogénique du composant C3 et du facteur H sur les lymphocytes T“. Rouen, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ROUES011.

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Atbayga, Abdalla Mohammed Ali. „In vitro anti-bacterial activity of titanium oxide nano-composites containing benzalkonium chloride and chlorhexidine gluconate“. Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1460.

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Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of Technology: Biomedical Technology In the Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences At Cape Peninsula University of Technology 2013
Newly developed and commercial dental resins which are commonly used nowadays have to be tested for their antimicrobial susceptibility. The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of a titanium oxide (TiO2) nano-composite which was prepared with different antibacterial substances and used as restoratives in dentistry to combat certain selected bacteria that are considered the principle causes of some tooth diseases, for example, tooth decay and to prevent unsuccessful dental restoration. The TiO2 nano-composite was prepared and divided into four groups: The first group was an untreated TiO2 nano-composite. The second group was silane-treated TiO2 nano-composite. The third group was treated TiO2 nano-composite which was combined with chlorhexidine gluconate (CHxG). The fourth group was treated TiO2 nano-composite which was combined with benzalkonium chloride (BzCl). Five of the selected bacteria were grown overnight in Petri dishes. Four of them, namely, Escherichia coli (E. coli) ATCC 11775, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) ATCC 12600, Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) ATCC 29212, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) ATCC 10145, were grown on Müller-Hinton Agar (MHA). Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) ATCC 25175 was grown on Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) agar. All these bacteria were tested against the TiO2 nano-composite, and incubated for 24 hours at 37°C, except S. mutans, which was incubated separately and exposed to CO2. It was placed into a CO2 water-jacketed incubator in an atmosphere of 5% CO2 for 24 hours at 37°C. The obtained results showed that neither of the groups of TiO2 nano-composites, (untreated TiO2 nano-composite and treated TiO2 nano-composite) exhibited antimicrobial activity against the pathogens. Only preparations of TiO2 nano-composites at a concentration of 3 %m/m of both CHxG and BzCl showed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus. Antimicrobial activity against S. mutans, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, E. faecalis and S. aureus, were only realized at a concentration of 10 %m/m for both CHxG and BzCl..

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Boudouvas, Denis. „Effet du potassium sur un catalyseur composite Fe-Co-C en synthèse d'hydrocarbures“. Grenoble INPG, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989INPG0092.

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Etude de la promotion par le potassium du catalyseur composite fe-co-c, c'est-a-dire de l'amelioration de son activite catalytique et de sa selectivite en alcenes. L'addition de potassium est realisee soit par impregnation par une solution aqueuse de k#2co#3, soit par la formation intermediaire d'un compose d'insertion avec le carbone de formule kc#3#2. L'evolution de la selectivite des catalyseurs promus et non promus par le potassium est etudiee a des conversions en monoxyde de carbone analogues a celles d'un procede industriel. Des tests catalytiques a faible conversion et des mesures de chimisorption de gaz reagissants sont effectues

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MONKEN, Francine Fran?a. „Estudo preliminar da secre??o cut?nea em Aparasphenodon (Lophiohylinae, Anura): composi??o bioqu?mica e potencial t?xico“. Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2016. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/2014.

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CAPES
This study aimed determinate the chemical composition of raw secretions expelled by two species of Aparasphenodon genus from compounds isolation, purification and structural identification. For this, individuals of A. brunoi (n=5) e A. arapapa (n=3) were collected in Ilha da Marambaia, municipality of Mangaratiba (RJ), and in municipality of Ilh?us (BA), respectively. The secretions were obtained by smooth electric stimulus and were translucent and little viscous, with approximated yield of 4 mg of sample/individual. For each species, was realized chromatography of thin layer, the revelator reagent ninhydrin indicated presence of amine groups after violet color appearing. Samples than were submitted with the same retention time (0.88 and 1.44 min) in both analysis, indicating presence of similar compounds in both species. In same way, samples purification realized by semi preparative liquid chromatography of high efficiency presented the same fractions number for both species. The structural determination was made by LC-MS/MS only for A. brunoi and reveled high collagen incidence and other uncharacterized proteins. Biological assays were realized in concentrations of 1?g.mL-1 and 10?g.mL-1 for both species. The assay of cellular viability did not present survival reduction of yeast, such as dosing of lipid peroxidation that did not show reaction with malonaldehyde in all tested cases. In other hand, the assay of mitochondrial damage reveled toxicity in concentration of 10 ?g.mL-1, reducing for discreet form the cellular viability in both samples. We conclude that both species have proteins as the main compound and, in a cellular level, are not harmful in 1 ?g.mL-1, but can promote damage in 10 ?g.mL-1. Besides that, as reveled profiles to both extracts, both chemical and biological assays were very close, the existence of a pattern in chemical composition of cutaneous secretions in amphibians of the same genus can be reinforced, even that species be in distinct environmental conditions.
O presente estudo buscou determinar a composi??o qu?mica das secre??es brutas expelidas por duas esp?cies de Aparasphenodon, a partir do isolamento, purifica??o e identifica??o estrutural destes compostos. Para tal, indiv?duos de A.brunoi (n=5) e A.arapapa (n=3) foram coletados na Ilha da Marambaia, Mangaratiba (RJ) e no munic?pio de Ilh?us (BA), respectivamente. As secre??es foram obtidas por est?mulo el?trico suave e mostraram-se translucidas e pouco viscosas, com rendimento aproximado de 4 mg de amostra/indiv?duo. Para cada esp?cie, foi realizada cromatografia em camada delgada; o reagente revelador ninidrina indicou presen?a de grupos am?nicos ap?s aparecimento da cor violeta. As amostras foram ent?o submetidas ? cromatografia liquida de alta efici?ncia anal?tica, sendo detectados dois picos majorit?rios com mesmo tempo de reten??o (0,88 e 1,44 min) em ambas as an?lises, indicando assim a presen?a de compostos semelhantes nas duas esp?cies. Da mesma forma, a purifica??o das amostras realizada por cromatografia liquida de alta efici?ncia semi-preparativa apresentou o mesmo n?mero de fra??es para ambas as esp?cies. A determina??o estrutural foi determinada por LC-MS/MS apenas para A. brunoi e revelou alta incid?ncia de col?geno e outras prote?nas n?o caracterizadas. Os ensaios biol?gicos foram realizados nas concentra??es de 1 ?g.mL-1 e 10 ?g.mL-1 para ambas as esp?cies. O ensaio de viabilidade celular n?o apresentou redu??o da sobreviv?ncia das leveduras, assim como a dosagem de peroxida??o lip?dica n?o mostrou rea??o com malonalde?do, em todos os casos testados. Por outro lado, o ensaio de dano mitocondrial revelou toxicidade na concentra??o de 10 ?g.mL-1, reduzindo de forma discreta a viabilidade celular, em ambas as amostras. Conclu?mos ent?o que as duas esp?cies possuem prote?nas como seu principal componente e, a n?vel celular, n?o s?o nocivas em 1 ?g.mL-1, mas podem promover danos quando em 10 ?g.mL-1. Al?m disso, como os perfis revelados para ambos os extratos, tanto nos ensaios qu?micos como nos biol?gicos, foram muito pr?ximos, a exist?ncia de um padr?o na composi??o qu?mica das secre??es cut?neas em anf?bios de um mesmo g?nero pode ser refor?ada, ainda que as esp?cies se encontrem em condi??es ambientais distintas.

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Gon?alves, Jacqueline Miranda. „Atividades biol?gicas e composi??o qu?mica dos ?leos essenciais de Achyrocline satureoides (Lam) DC. e Ageratum conyzoides L. encontradas no semi?rido baiano“. Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, 2015. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/283.

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Essential oils are complex mixtures of various isolates of plant secondary metabolites. Due to the increased use of these aromatic compounds, research has been developed, and the development of new products. This study analyzed the antimicrobial, cytotoxic and immunomodulatory activities in addition to the phytochemical profile of essential oils Achyrocline satureoides and Ageratum conyzoides. The micro-organisms most sensitive to oils were Staphylococcus aureus CCMB 262 and Candida kruzei CCMB 287. The essential oil of A. conyzoides was considered non-toxic in the tested conditions. In the assessment of the immune response induced by oils, although they were not statistically significant differences between the concentrations tested and control, it was observed that the essential oils inhibited the production of IL-8 and IL-12 cytokines with exception of the species A. satureoides at a concentration of 100 mg / mL. This behavior may suggest the capacity reduction of the inflammatory response. The chromatographic analysis of essential oils of A. satureoides demonstrated a chemical profile consistent with the literature where the major components were ?-Pinene, E-caryophyllene, ?-copaene, ?-humulene, d-cadinene. Since the analysis of oils A. conyzoides showed conflicting results in the literature which suggests a new chemotype, since the presence of precocenos the chemical analysis was not observed.
Os ?leos essenciais s?o misturas complexas de metab?litos secund?rios isolados de diversas plantas. Devido ao aumento do uso destes compostos arom?ticos, pesquisas v?m sendo desenvolvidas, al?m do desenvolvimento de novos produtos. O presente trabalho analisou as atividades antimicrobiana, citot?xica e imunomoduladora, al?m do perfil fitoqu?mico de ?leos essenciais de Achyrocline satureoides e Ageratum conyzoides. Os micro-organismos mais sens?veis aos ?leos foram Staphylococcus aureus CCMB 262 e Candida kruzei CCMB 287. O ?leo essencial de A. conyzoides foi considerado at?xico nas condi??es testadas. Em rela??o ? avalia??o da resposta imune induzida pelos ?leos, apesar de n?o terem sido encontradas diferen?as estatisticamente significantes entre as concentra??es testadas e o controle, p?de-se observar que os ?leos essenciais inibiram a produ??o das citocinas IL-8 e IL-12, com exce??o da esp?cie A. satureoides na concentra??o de 100 ?g/mL. Este comportamento pode sugerir a capacidade de redu??o da resposta inflamat?ria. As an?lises cromatogr?ficas dos ?leos essenciais de A. satureoides demonstrou um perfil qu?mico em concord?ncia com a literatura onde os componentes majorit?rios foram ?-Pineno, E-Cariofileno, ?-Copaeno, ?-Humuleno, d-Cadineno. J? as an?lises dos ?leos de A. conyzoides apresentou resultados divergentes da literatura o que nos sugere um novo quimiotipo, uma vez que n?o foi observada a presen?a de precocenos nas an?lises qu?micas.

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Besson, Pierre. „Compréhension des comportements électrique et optique des modules photovoltaïques à haute concentration, et développement d’outils de caractérisations adaptés“. Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI013/document.

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Le travail de thèse effectué a pour objectif d'amener vers une meilleure compréhension des comportements électrique et optique des modules CPV, dans des conditions environnantes variables. La première partie est consacrée à l’étude de la performance des modules en conditions réelles de fonctionnement. Quatre technologies de module, toutes équipées de cellules triple-jonctions, mais de concentrateurs optiques différents, ont été testées en extérieur sur des périodes de un mois à deux ans. Les résultats montrent que la sensibilité à la température de lentille, la température de cellule et au spectre incident varie selon le type d'architecture optique. La sensibilité la plus importante à la température de lentille a été obtenue pour un dispositif sans optique secondaire. Le coefficient en température de la tension Voc a été calculé et varie entre les technologies. Enfin, les variations importantes de facteur de forme avec le spectre incident observées pour une technologie, mettent en évidence la nécessité d'étudier les phénomènes de non-uniformités d'irradiance sur la cellule. Dans une deuxième partie, le développement d’un banc de test en intérieur permettant de mesurer les performances électriques et optiques est présenté. Ce banc a pour objectif de permettre la reproduction des conditions réelles de fonctionnement des modules de façon contrôlée en intérieur. Un système d’imagerie est utilisé pour déterminer la distribution spatiale et spectrale d’irradiance sur la cellule. Associé à un traceur de courbes IV, il vise à caractériser les effets de flux non-uniformes sur la cellule. Le banc de mesure a pour avantage de découpler les paramètres d’études, telles que la température de la lentille et la température de la cellule, et permet ainsi de décorréler leurs effets respectifs sur l'ensemble optique-cellule, ce qui n’est que difficilement possible sur des mesures en extérieur. Le procédé de calibration et la validation du dispositif sont détaillés dans le manuscrit. Enfin, dans une dernière partie, le banc développé est utilisé pour caractériser trois différents dispositifs CPV : un sans optique secondaire, et deux avec des optiques secondaires différentes. Les impacts de la distance lentille-cellule et de la température de lentille sur les performances de la cellule sont quantifiés optiquement et électriquement. Les résultats montrent comment ces paramètres modifient la distribution de densités de courant des sous-cellules, et donc le comportement électrique du dispositif. Ils soulignent plus spécifiquement comment les non-uniformités spectrales et spatiales affectent les performances de la cellule pour les différents concentrateurs. Le dispositif sans optique secondaire montre une sensibilité importante à la température de la lentille et la distance optique primaire-cellule, qui se traduit par une perte de production d'énergie dans des conditions réelles de fonctionnement
The goal of this doctoral thesis is to bring answers to a better understanding of the electrical and optical behavior of CPV modules, under different operating conditions. In the first part, a study on module performance under real conditions is presented. Using an outdoor automated test bench, the sensitivity of four different CPV module technologies to most operating conditions relevant to CPV systems has been studied, namely DNI, spectrum, cell and lens temperature and clearness of the sky. In order to isolate the influence of a single operation parameter, the analysis of outdoor monitoring data from one month to two years is performed. The results show how the optical design influences the sensitivity of the electrical parameters to the mentionned operating conditions. The effect of lens temperature on cell current has been found to be maximum for the CPV module without Secondary Optical Element. Also the $V_{oc}$ thermal coefficient was found to vary between module technologies. Finally, the important variations of the fill factor for one technology underlines the need of studying non-uniformities effects on the cell performance. According to the results observed outdoors, an indoor tool was developed in order to uncorrelate outdoor parameters. A test bench that measures multi-spectral irradiance profiles, through CMOS imaging and bandpass filters in conjunction with electrical $IV$ curves, is used as a mean to visualize and characterize the effects of chromatic aberrations and nonuniform flux profiles under controllable testing conditions. The bench allows decoupling the temperatures of the Primary Optical Element and cell allowing the analyze of their respective effects on optical and electrical performance. In varying the temperature of the Primary Optical Element, the effects on electrical efficiency, focal distance, spectral sensitivity, acceptance angle, or multi-junction current matching profiles can be quantified. Calibration procedures and validation process are detailed. Finally, the developed testbench is used for analyzing the behvaior of three different CPV devices : one without Secondary Optical Element, and two with different Secondary Optical Elements. The impacts of cell position and lens temperature on the cell performance are quantified optically and electrically. The results show how these parameters modify the current density distribution of the subcells, and hence the electrical behavior of the device. They underline more specifically how spectral and spatial non-uniformities affect the cell performance for the different devices. The device without SOE shows a strong sensitivity to lens temperature and POE-cell distance, that will correspond to a decrease of energy production under real conditions of operation

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Paiva, Mirely de Freitas. „Processo de desidrata??o da alga Gracilaria birdiae beneficiada em laborat?rio e artesanalmente: an?lise da atividade antioxidante e composi??o centesimal“. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2010. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/13465.

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The main aim of this study was to compare the procedure for dehydration of Gracilaria birdiae prepared handmade and laboratory, collected in the northern coast of Rio Grande do Norte. The sample was collected in the Rio do Fogo beach in march 2009. The sample collected followed by two processing, the first the material prepared in laboratory was air-dried at 50?C for 24 hours in air-flow oven. The second the handmade sample was air-dried on the sun during three days. The extract was prepared in three different solvents: ethanol, hydroethanol and water, resulting in ethanol, hidroethanol and aqueous extracts from handmade and laboratory sample. In according with results only the ethanol extract was fractionated yielding the fractions hexane, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions. The different process to obtain Gracilaria birdiae resulted in the samples with different shades. The soluble solids content was higher in the laboratory sample. The chemical composition the both samples were characterized by presenting a considerable amounts of carbohydrates, with amior percentage protein and ash, respectively, in the handmade and laboratory sample. In two samples showed a low content of lipids and the lipid profile showed a higher proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids, with the absence polyunsaturated handmade sample. The phytochemical screening by chemical reactions showed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids and saponins the laboratory sample, presenting a greater diversity of bioactive compounds. Through of the analysis by thin layer chromatography was possible to identify the phytosterols ?-sitosterol and stigmasterol the both samples, also suggest the presence of ?-carotene and chlorophyll ? the laboratory sample. The levels of total phenolics and flavonoids were more significant in the ethanol extract of the laboratory sample. The in vitro lethality showed that extracts of the laboratory sample and handmade from 125 to 500 ?g/ mL, respectively, were highly lethal. In the evaluation of antioxidant capacity by the system ?-carotene/?cido linoleic method and by DPPH radical scavernging assay, the ethanol extract from the laboratory process showed significantly greater activity than the other extracts, being and the first and second methods, respectively, lower and equivalent to the synthetic antioxidant BHT. The handmade ethanol extract has not demonstrated skill in deactivating free radicals, but showed activity in inhibiting lipid peroxidation, although the values were significantly lower than the laboratory sample. We conclude that the dehydration process in the laboratory is the most efficient technique to maintenance of the chemical composition present in the seaweed, providing beneficial properties such as antioxidant capacity. We emphasize that this property can be explored with the objective of adding commercial value to the final product, which will promote the expansion of production of this seaweed in the community of Rio do Fogo
O presente estudo tem como finalidade analisar de forma comparativa o procedimento de desidrata??o de Gracilaria birdiae beneficiada laboratorialmente e artesanalmente, cultivada no litoral norte do Rio Grande do Norte. A coleta das amostras foi realizada na praia do Rio do Fogo em mar?o de 2009. Das amostras coletadas seguiram-se dois processamentos, no primeiro o material coletado foi mantido em estufa de ar circulante a 50?C, por 24 horas sendo obtida a amostra laboratorial. No segundo a amostra artesanal foi desidrata??o ao sol por um per?odo de tr?s dias. A extra??o consistiu em solu??es etan?lica, hidroetan?lica e aquosa, resultando em extrato etan?lico, hidroetan?lico e aquoso. De acordo com os resultados o extrato etan?lico foi fracionamento obtendo as fra??es hexano, diclorometano e acetato de etila. As distintas formas de processamento da Gracilaria birdiae promoveram a obten??o de amostras com tonalidades distintas. Quanto ao teor de s?lidos sol?veis a amostra laboratorial apresentou superioridade. A composi??o centesimal de ambas as amostras caracterizaram-se por apresentar um consider?vel teor de carboidratos, com maior percentual de res?duo mineral e prote?nas, respectivamente, na amostra laboratorial e artesanal. As duas amostras apresentaram um baixo conte?do de lip?deos e um perfil lip?dico caracterizado por uma maior propor??o de ?cidos graxos monoinsaturados, com aus?ncia de poliinsaturados na amostra artesanal. A triagem fitoqu?mica evidenciou a presen?a de flavon?ides, taninos, saponinas e alcal?ides na amostra laboratorial, apresentando uma maior diversidade de compostos bioativos. Por meio da cromatografia em camada delgada foi poss?vel identificar os fitoester?is ?-sitosterol e stigmasterol em ambas as amostras, al?m de sugerir a presen?a do ?-caroteno e da clorofila ? na amostra laboratorial. Os teores de compostos fen?licos totais e caroten?ides totais foram mais expressivos no extrato etan?lico da amostra laboratorial. A letalidade in vitro, demonstrou que os extratos etan?licos da amostra laboratorial e artesanal a partir de 500 e 125 ?g/mL, respectivamente, foram altamente letais. Na avalia??o da capacidade antioxidante pelo sistema ?- caroteno/?cido linol?ico e pelo m?todo de sequestro do radical livre DPPH , o extrato etan?lico proveniente do processo laboratorial apresentou atividade significativamente maior que os demais extratos, sendo no primeiro e segundo m?todo, respectivamente, inferior e equivalente ao antioxidante sint?tico BHT. O extrato etan?lico proveniente do processo artesanal n?o demonstrou habilidade na desativa??o de radicais livres, mas apresentou atividade na inibi??o da peroxida??o lip?dica, por?m com valores significativamente inferiores a amostra laboratorial. Conclui-se que o processo de desidrata??o em laborat?rio ? a t?cnica mais eficiente, por supostamente promover a manuten??o dos compostos qu?micos presentes na alga marinha, proporcionando propriedades ben?ficas como a capacidade antioxidante. Ressalta-se que esta propriedade pode ser explorada com o intuito de agregar valor comercial ao produto final, o que promover? a expans?o da produ??o desta alga na comunidade do Rio do Fogo
2020-01-01

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Cerqueira, Valdeane Dias. „Composi??o qu?mica do ?leo essencial de Lippia origanoides Kunth e atividade antimicrobiana frente a diferentes sorotipos de Haemophilus parasuis“. Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, 2014. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/123.

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Pig farming has become increasingly important in recent years in Brazil, because of this, studies for the treatment of diseases that cause the loss of mass of meat animals has increased significantly, such as the Glasser's disease caused by Haemophilus parasuis. Some initial studies have shown human resistance to antibiotics due to the consumption of meat produced with high levels of these substances, and alternatively treatments have been developed from natural products. Lippia origanoides Kunth is presented as a natural source of antimicrobial substances due to the composition of the essential oil obtained, mainly, from the leaves of this plant. In this study the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from Lippia origanoides Kunth, by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) against Haemophilus parasuis serotypes 1,2,4,5,9,10,12,13,14 and one untypable was studied. Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation of the dried leaves and the chemical composition analysis revealed the presence of carvacrol as the predominant component, which characterizes the chemotype B. The results of the antimicrobial activity demonstrated the inhibitory effect of essential oil samples for all tested bacteria. The best result was 0.005% against the sample MV12315 (serotype 10) while the least satisfactory was 0.078% against the sample MV12196 (serotype 12). Results demonstrate the bactericidal action of the oil against the different serotypes of Haemophilus parasuis.
A suinocultura vem se sobressaindo nos ?ltimos anos no Brasil, por isso aumentam os estudos para tratamento das doen?as que causam perdas de carca?a dos animais, como a doen?a de Gl?sser, provocada pelo Haemophilus parasuis. Alguns trabalhos incipientes demonstram a resist?ncia humana a antibi?ticos devido ao consumo de carnes produzidas com altos ?ndices destas subst?ncias, e tratamento alternativos com produtos naturais vem sendo desenvolvidos. Lippia origanoides Kunth se apresenta como uma fonte natural de subst?ncias antimicrobianas devido ? composi??o do seu ?leo essencial obtido principalmente das folhas desta planta. Este trabalho avaliou a atividade antimicrobiana do ?leo essencial de Lippia origanoides atrav?s da determina??o da Concentra??o Inibit?ria M?nima (CIM) e Concentra??o Bactericida M?nima (CBM) frente a amostras de campo do Haemophilus parasuis com sorotipos 1,2,4,5,9,10,12,13,14 e um n?o sorotip?vel. Os ?leos essenciais foram obtidos por hidrodestila??o das folhas secas ap?s tr?s horas, e na an?lise da composi??o qu?mica, o carvacrol foi identificado como componente predominante, caracterizando-o como quimiotipo B. Os resultados de atividade antimicrobiana demonstram o efeito inibit?rio do ?leo essencial para todas as amostras de bact?rias testadas. O melhor resultado encontrado foi de 0,005% frente a amostra MV12315 (sorotipo 10) enquanto o menos satisfat?rio foi de 0,078% contra a amostra MV12196 (sorotipo 12). Os resultados obtidos demonstram a a??o bactericida do ?leo para os diferentes sorotipos do Haemophilus parasuis.

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Gomes, Márcia. „Lesões de cárie adjacentes a restaurações de resina composta em molares decíduos e a sua relação com a atividade cariosa da criança“. reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/12132.

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Na dentição decídua, as restaurações adesivas apresentam uma longevidade média de 2 a 3 anos, contudo, muitas vezes, essas restaurações são substituídas antes deste período médio. Dentre os motivos mais prevalentes para substituição de restaurações, a lesão de cárie secundária é o mais freqüentemente citado. Esta dissertação teve como objetivo avaliar clinicamente, através de um estudo transversal, o comportamento de lesões cariosas adjacentes a restaurações de resina composta em molares decíduos, relacionando-o com a atividade de cárie da criança e com a integridade marginal da restauração. O estudo envolveu 64 pacientes infantis, de ambos os sexos, com idades variando entre 7 a 11 anos, que possuíam restauração oclusal (n = 33) ou ocluso-proximal (n = 31) de resina composta em molares decíduos. Nos pacientes com mais de uma restauração, a randomização dos dentes foi realizada para seleção de apenas uma restauração por criança, totalizando 64 restaurações avaliadas (média de idade em meses das restaurações = 29, 31 ± 16,85, mediana 31,5 meses). Como critério de inclusão, todos os indivíduos deveriam ter sido submetidos a tratamento odontológico para atividade cariosa. Os profissionais responsáveis por tal tratamento eram orientados para seguir um protocolo de atendimento clínico a crianças cárie-ativas. Um examinador treinado e calibrado (valor de Cohen’s kappa dicotômico = 1) avaliou a atividade de doença cárie (ativo ou inativo) do paciente e a presença radiográfica de imagens radiolúcidas relacionadas às margens oclusais das restaurações. Outros dois examinadores, também treinados e calibrados, avaliaram a restauração quanto ao comportamento da lesão cariosa adjacente à restauração (ausência de lesão, lesão ativa sem cavidade, lesão ativa com cavidade, lesão inativa sem cavidade, lesão inativa com cavidade; valor de Cohen’s kappa de múltiplos critérios = 0,844) e quanto à integridade marginal (presença ou ausência; valor de Cohen’s kappa dicotômico = 1). Todos os três examinadores realizaram as avaliações de forma independente e seguindo o princípio de cegamento. As variáveis explicativas foram relacionadas ao desfecho através dos testes estatísticos Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fisher (α=5%). Mais da metade das crianças apresentava-se como cárie–ativa durante a avaliação, sendo a prevalência de lesão cariosa adjacente à restauração (LCAdj) de 40,63% (maioria lesões inativas). Não houve associação entre a presença de LCAdj e a atividade cariosa da criança (p = 0,237). Houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre ausência de LCAdj e a presença de integridade marginal (p = 0,013). Com relação ao dente restaurado, foi constatada associação estatisticamente significativa entre a presença de LCAdj e o segundo molar decíduo (p = 0,033). Verificou-se também que a presença de LCAdj ocorreu preferencialmente nas restaurações mais antigas (p = 0,044). A partir dos resultados, pôde-se concluir que mesmo em pacientes inseridos em um programa de manutenção periódica profissional há uma grande ocorrência de lesões cariosas adjacentes a restaurações adesivas, predominando lesões inativas. A presença de integridade marginal da restauração mostrou estar relacionada à ausência desse tipo de lesão, contudo ausência de integridade marginal não foi completamente relacionada à LCAdj. Embora, não tenha sido possível observar correlação entre a atividade cariosa das crianças e a presença da LCAdj, futuros ensaios clínicos são necessários para observar o comportamento desse tipo de lesão.
In the deciduous teeth the adhesive restorations last from 2 to 3 years although sometimes replacement takes place before the mean time. Among the most prevalent reasons for replacement of restorations, the secondary caries lesion is mentioned more often. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinically, through a transversal study, the behavior of adjacent caries lesion to composite resin restorations in deciduous molars, considering the relationship of the new lesion to the caries activity of the child and the marginal integrity of the restoration. Sixty four male and female pediatric patients mean age from 7 to 11years and with oclusal (n = 33) or occlusoproximal (n = 31) composite resin restoration in the deciduous molars were used. In the patients where more than one restoration fit the profile, a randomized selection was performed to assure that only one tooth was used per person, in the total 64 appraised restorations (mean of the age in month of the restorations = 29, 31 ± 16,85; median 31,5 months). As inclusion criteria, all patients must have been submitted to dental treatment for disease activity. The professional who performed such treatment was oriented to follow a clinical protocol for children with an active disease. A calibrated and trained examiner (Cohen’s kappa =1) evaluated the activity of the patient’s disease (active or non active), the presence of radiolucent images on dental occlusal surface of the restoration. Another 2 examiners, also trained and calibrated, evaluated the filling as for the behavior of the adjacent caries lesion to the restoration (absence of the lesion, non-cavitated active lesion, cavitated active lesion, non-cavitated inactive lesion, cavitated inactive lesion; Cohen’s kappa = 0,844) and marginal integrity (presence or absence; Cohen’s kappa =1). All the examiners performed the evaluation independently and following blindness principles. The variables were relation to outcome through by Chi-square and Fisher’ Exact analysis (α=5%). More than half of the patients were caries active during the evaluation period. The prevalence of adjacent caries lesion to the restoration (AdjCL) was 40.63% (most inactive lesions). There was no association among the presence of AdjCL and the caries activity of the child (p=0,237). The association of the absence of AdjCL and the presence of marginal integrity was statistically significant (p=0,013). Considering the restorated tooth, there was an association statistically significant among the presence of AdjCL and the second deciduous molar (p=0,033). Also, the presence of AdjCL occurred specially around older restorations (p=0,044). Analyzing the results, it was concluded that even patients submitted to standardized individual professional controlled treatment there is great occurrence of adjacent caries lesion to adhesive restorations, most inactive lesion. The presence of marginal integrity showed to be related to the absence of this lesion, but the absence of marginal integrity was not entirely related to AdjCL. Even though the correlation between caries activity and presence of AdjCL haven’t been observed, future clinical studies are necessary to observe the behavior of this type of lesion.

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Bouchard, Carole. „Modélisation du processus de design automobile. Méthode de veille stylistique pour le design du composant d'aspect“. Phd thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure d'arts et métiers - ENSAM, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00659687.

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Aujourd'hui, la plupart des entreprises occidentales se sont dotées d'un système de management par projets, caractérisant l'évolution d'une économie de masse à une économie de variété et de réactivité. Il s'ensuit chez les constructeurs une délégation de plus en plus importante aux équipementiers, des responsabilités liées à la conception des composants. Cette tendance nous a conduits aux 3 hypothèses suivantes : (1) l'équipementier doit acquérir la compétence design local dans les années à venir, (2) il doit donc se positionner rapidement en se préparant à participer au processus design à un stade conceptuel, (3) celà doit avoir lieu dans le souci de structurer l'activité design en cohérence avec celle des constructeurs. Le positionnement adequat s'appuie sur une formalisation des éléments informationnels et communicationnels mis en jeu dans le processus de design automobile. Pour répondre à cette problématique, nous avons modélisé le processus de style global qui s'insère dans le processus de conception automobile. Notre modèle s'appuie sur une approche cognitive de l'activité des stylistes. Il constitue une formalisation des composantes procédurale (démarche projet) et substantive qui renvoie à l'objet perçu par le consommateur, et plus précisémment à la notion de signe. Nous analysons l'articulation entre ces deux dimensions. Nous proposons ensuite des voies prescriptives en termes d'outils, permettant à l'équipementier de s'informer des nouvelles tendances en termes organisationnels (cadre d'une co-conception multiorganisations), informationnels (Systèmes d'Information et Nouvelles Technologies de l'Information, Travail Collectif Assisté par Ordinateur), et procéduraux (Numérisation du processus design, Outils de style Assisté par Ordinateur).

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Bomfim, Aline da Costa. „Bioecologia da ictiofauna marinha descartada pelo arrasto camaroeiro em praias da Bacia Potiguar, Brasil“. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2014. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/13102.

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
The composition of ichthyofauna discarded by trawling shrimping, their reproductive status and feeding ecology were studied on the beaches of Basin Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Fish were collected monthly in the year of 2012. During biometrics, portions of the digestive tract and of gonads were removed, fixed in formalin 10% and Bouin, respectively, for be submitted to histological processing by the techniques of hematoxylin-eosin. Stomach content analyzes were performed using the methods of Frequency of Occurrence and Volumetric and was calculated the repletion index. Throughout the study period were recorded a total of 49 species. The fish assemblages differed between sections monitoring, with the highest abundance, biomass and indices of richness and diversity in sections B, D and C. Already the excerpt A, showed higher values for dominance and equitability. In the cluster analysis according to the faunal similarity was observed the formation of three groups: group I formed by excerpts B and D, group II by excerpt C and group III formed by excerpt A. The assessment of reproductive stage revealed that the fish assemblages discarded by trawling are composed mainly of juveniles. Regarding the feeding ecology, the species Larimus breviceps, Menticirrhus littoralis and Pomadasys corvinaeformis characterized as carnivorous with tendency to carcinofagia. Already Conodon nobilis characterized as carnivorous with tendency to piscivory, but all proved generalist-opportunistic with increase of feeding activity during drought. The dendrogram of grouping of the species developed based on the food items used shows the formation of four groups: Group I consists of species that feed mainly of "gastropod" and "sediment"; group II of "teleost fish"; the group III of "crustacea" and group IV of "echinodermata" and "bivalve". The anatomical and histological characteristics of the digestive tract were consistent with the dietary habits of the analyzed species. In this context, the Costa Branca of Rio Grande do Norte can be considered a feeding site and recruitment for juveniles, which, opportunistically, utilize resources associated with the background
A composi??o da ictiofauna descartada pelo arrasto camaroeiro, sua fase reprodutiva e ecologia alimentar foram estudadas nas praias da Bacia Potiguar, Brasil. Os peixes foram coletados mensalmente, no ano de 2012. Durante as biometrias, por??es do tubo digest?rio e das g?nadas foram retiradas, fixadas em formol a 10% e Bouin, respectivamente, para serem submetidas ao tratamento histol?gico pelas t?cnicas de Hematoxilina-Eosina. Foram realizadas as an?lises de conte?do estomacal atrav?s dos M?todos de Frequ?ncia de Ocorr?ncia e Volum?trico e foi calculado o ?ndice de Reple??o. Ao longo do per?odo de estudo foram registrados um total de 49 esp?cies. As assembleias de peixes diferiram entre os trechos de monitoramento, com maior valor de abund?ncia, biomassa e dos ?ndices de riqueza e diversidade nos trechos B, C e D. J? o trecho A, apresentou maiores valores para domin?ncia e equitabilidade. Na an?lise de Cluster de acordo com a similaridade faun?stica, observou-se a forma??o de tr?s grupos: o grupo I formado pelos trechos B e D, o grupo II composto pelo trecho C e o grupo III formado pelo trecho A. A avalia??o do est?gio reprodutivo revelou que as assembleias de peixes descartadas pelos arrastos s?o compostas principalmente por juvenis. Em rela??o a ecologia alimentar, as esp?cies Larimus breviceps, Menticirrhus littoralis e Pomadasys corvinaeformis caracterizaram-se como carn?voras com tend?ncia a carcinofagia. J? Conodon nobilis caracterizou-se como carn?vora com tend?ncia a piscivoria, por?m todas se revelaram generalistas oportunistas e com maior atividade alimentar durante a estiagem. O dendograma de agrupamento das esp?cies com base nos itens alimentares ingeridos demonstrou a forma??o de quatro grupos: O grupo I composto por esp?cies que se alimentam principalmente de gastr?pode e sedimento ; o grupo II de tele?steo ; o grupo III de crustacea e o grupo IV de equinodermata e bivalve . As caracter?sticas morfohistol?gicas do tubo digest?rio das esp?cies analisadas mostraram-se consistentes com seus h?bitos alimentares. Assim, a Costa Branca do Rio Grande do Norte pode ser considerada um s?tio de alimenta??o e recrutamento para peixes juvenis, os quais se utilizam oportunisticamente de recursos associados com o fundo

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Henry, Camille. „Etude des méthionine sulfoxyde réductases d'Escherichia coli : rôle de MsrA/B dans la protection de RecA et identification d'une nouvelle activité Msr“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4110.

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Les méthionines sulfoxyde réductases (Msr) sont impliquées dans la réparation des protéines. MsrA et MsrB sont ubiquitaires et réduisent les méthionines sulfoxydes en méthionines. Chez les bactéries, MsrA et MsrB sont localisées dans le cytoplasme et sont impliquées dans la résistance au stress oxydant. Durant ma thèse, j'ai étudié le rôle du système MsrA/B dans la physiologie d'Escherichia coli. Mon travail a porté sur l'étude de la recombinase A (RecA) comme cible du système MsrA/B. RecA joue un rôle central dans la réparation de l'ADN via ses fonctions principales : la recombinaison homologue, l'induction de la réponse SOS et l'induction de la mutagénèse SOS. J’ai pu établir un lien génétique entre le système MsrA/B et RecA. L'étude révèle que l'absence des Msr affecte la fonction de recombinaison homologue de RecA. J'ai montré que RecA oxydée perd sa capacité à former des filaments sur l’ADN, à hydrolyser de l’ATP et à effectuer l’échange de brin. De manière intéressante, la réparation de RecA oxydée par le système MsrA/B permet de restituer ses fonctions. D'autres analyses ont révélé que le résidu Met35 est important pour l’activité de RecA. Ces résultats m'ont permis de proposer un modèle dans lequel l'état d'oxydation des Met de RecA modulent son activité. Un autre pan de mon travail a permis la caractérisation d’une Msr périplasmique : MsrP. J'ai montré que MsrP est importante lors d’un stress HOCl et que son expression est induite lors d’un tel stress via le système à deux composantes YedVW. La kinase YedV possédant plusieurs Met au sein de son domaine senseur, j'ai proposé un modèle dans lequel l'activation de YedV se ferait via l'oxydation de ses Met
Methionine sulfoxide reductase (Msr) are involved in proteins repair. MsrA and MsrB are ubiquitous enzymes which reduce methionine sulfoxide into methionine. In bacteria, MsrA and MsrB are localized in the cytoplasm and are involved in the resistance to oxidative stress. During my PhD, I investigated the role of the MsrA/B system in the physiology of the Escherichia coli. My work was devoted to the study of the recombinase A (RecA) as the target of MsrA/B system. RecA plays a central role in DNA repair via its main functions: homologous recombination, induction of the SOS response and the induction of the SOS mutagenesis. I was able to establish a genetic link between the MsrA/B system and RecA. My study shows that the absence of Msr affects the homologous recombination function of RecA. I have shown that RecA oxidized loses its ability to form filaments on DNA, to hydrolyze ATP and perform strand exchange process. Interestingly, repair RecA oxidized by MsrA/B system restores the functions of RecA. Further analysis revealed that the residue Met 35 is important for the activity of RecA. From these results, I proposed a model in which the oxidation of Met and repair MsrA/B is a dynamic system modulating the activity of RecA. Another part of my work allowed the characterization of periplasmic Msr of E. coli: MsrP. I have shown that MsrP is important under HOCl stress and its expression is induced during such stress via the YedVW two components system. The YedV kinase possessing multiple Met in its sensor domain, I proposed a model in which the activation of YedV would be by oxidation of its Met

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Petkovic, Maja. „Visual-manual development in low risk preterm born infants“. Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB179/document.

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L'étendue et les causes des déficits de coordination visuo-manuelle des enfants nés prématurés à bas risque ne sont pas vraiment connus. L'objectif principal de la thèse présentée ici était d'étudier le développement de la coordination visuo-manuelle chez douze prématurés à bas risque, nés après 33-36 semaines de gestation et examinés entre 5 et 23 mois d'âge chronologique. Au cours de la thèse, nous avons mené une série d'études avec des objectifs spécifiques. Dans l'étude 1, nous avons observé le développement de la coordination visuo-manuelle, la prise d'objets, le contrôle de la motricité bimanuelle et la latéralité chez ces enfants prématurés vus entre 6 et 12 mois et comparés à des enfants nés à terme à âge gestationnel équivalent. La perception visuelle des enfants a également été testée à 5 mois et mise en relation avec la coordination visuo-manuelle. Les résultats montrent une perception visuelle globalement normale chez les prématurés qui ne différent des enfants à terme que par une fixation visuelle plus faible. Par contre les enfants prématurés présentent un développement plus lent pour l'intégration visuo-manuelle, la prise d'objet, la coordination bimanuelle et la latéralité. L'hypotonicité et l'âge gestationnel sont les principaux facteurs responsables de ce retard. Aucun retard n'est observé pour le développement postural et locomoteur. Dans l'étude 2 nous avons recherché l'effet de la prématurité sur le développement de la compréhension qu'un objet dont toutes les parties ne sont pas à portée de main peut être saisi par n'importe quelle partie (principe de cohésion). Nous avons présenté aux mêmes enfants prématurés une condition « objet composite » dans laquelle une balle colorée est attachée au bout d'un manche blanc, seul le manche étant à portée de main. Dans une deuxième condition (« déconnection invisible »), la balle paraissait connectée au manche mais ne l'était pas. Les résultats montrent que, en tant que groupe, les bébés prématurés ne présentent pas de retard dans leur prise d'un objet composite. Cependant les enfants prématurés hypotoniques ou nés après 33-34 semaines étaient significativement en retard par rapport aux enfants prématurés hypertoniques. Ces résultats des deux premières études montrent que les nourrissons prématurés, même à bas risque, présentent un retard de développement visuo-manuel dans leur première année de vie et on peut se demander si ce retard se prolonge au-delà de la première année. La réponse à cette question est présentée dans l'étude 3. Nous avons comparé le développement de l'utilisation d'un outil chez les enfants prématurés, âgés alors de 15 à 23 mois, avec celui d'enfants nés à terme d'âge gestationnel équivalent. Comprendre l'affordance d'un outil est une étape importante dans la période sensorimotrice. L'utilisation d'un outil pour prendre un objet hors de portée, par exemple, se développe normalement au cours de la deuxième année. Nous avons présenté aux enfants prématurés un jouet coloré hors de portée et un râteau blanc à portée de main dans cinq conditions de relations spatiales entre le jouet et le râteau. En tant que groupe, les enfants prématurés ont présenté un développement normal de l'utilisation de l'outil. Cependant, ce développement normal n'apparaît pas chez tous les enfants prématurés. Les enfants prématurés hypotoniques ou nés après 33-34 semaines de gestation ont montré un retard significatif dans leur acquisition de l'utilisation de l'outil. Ces résultats montrent que les enfants nés prématurés à faible risque peuvent être retardés dans leur développement de nouvelles compétences manuelles au-delà de la première année. En suivant ces enfants au-delà de deux ans, il devrait être possible de déterminer quels sont les tests les plus prédictifs de déficits neuropsychologiques persistants parmi ceux que nous avons utilisés. Ces résultats devraient néanmoins être confirmés dans une population plus large
The extent of and reasons for visual-manual coordination deficits in moderate and late low risk preterm born infants are not well known. The aim of the thesis presented here was to investigate the development of visual-manual coordination in twelve low risk preterm infants born after 33-36 weeks of gestation and examined from 5 to 23 months of age. We conducted a series of studies with specific goals. The goal of study 1 was to investigate the development of visual-manual and bimanual coordination as well as handedness in the preterm infants between the postnatal ages of 6 and 12 months, after having evaluated their visual functions at 5 months. Gross motor development was also evaluated every month. Preterm infants were compared to a control group of ten full-term infants according to corrected age. Results show that preterm infants had a visual perception close to normal, with only visual fixation being lower than in full-terms. Preterm infants had delayed development of visual-manual integration, grasping, bimanual coordination and handedness. Tonicity and gestational age at birth were the main variables associated to the delays. There was no delay for gross motor development. The goal of study 2 was to investigate at what age preterm infants integrate the notion of object cohesiveness into their action plan. The same preterm and full-term infants as in first study were presented with a composite object task at 6, 8, and 10 months in two conditions, "composite object" condition, in which a bright ball was attached to the end of a neutral handle, and "invisible disconnection" condition in which the ball seemed to be connected to the handle but was not. Only the handle was within reach. Corrected age comparisons between preterm infants and full-terms showed no significant difference between the two groups. However, the hypotonic preterm infants had a significantly lower performance than the hypertonic infants. Based on the results from studies 1 and 2 it seems that preterm infants, in particular the hypotonic infants, have a delayed development in their first year of life, and one can wonder if this delay remains at later stages. To answer this question, in study 3 we compared the development of tool use in the preterm infants, aged 15 to 23 months, with that of full-terms according to corrected age. Understanding the affordance of a tool is an important milestone in early sensorimotor period. Using a tool to bring within reach an out-of-reach object, for instance, has been shown to develop during the second year in full-term infants. Here we presented preterm infants with an attractive toy out of reach and with a rake-like tool within reach in five conditions of spatial relationships between the toy and the tool. As a group, preterm infants showed a normal development of tool use. However not all preterm infants developped tool use without delay. Hypotonic and moderate preterm infants were significantly delayed in their acquisition of tool use. These results, show that some low risk preterm infants can still be impaired for the development of new manual skills beyond the first year. By following these low risk preterm children, it should be possible to evaluate which of the delays observed in our studies are the best predictors of later neuropsychological deficits in childhood. These results should also be confirmed with a larger sample of preterm infants

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Souza, Robson Dias de. „Atividade antinociceptiva de Oocephalus nubicola e Leptohyptis macrostachys“. Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, 2014. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/107.

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Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de S?o Paulo - FAPESP
The Lamiaceae family has great economic importance as a source of essential oils, in addition to being well studied from a chemical standpoint. Pharmacological studies reports are also extensive in the scientific literature because the specimens of this family are found in various parts of the world. This study aims to evaluate the chemical composition and antinociceptive activity in mice of the essential oils obtained from the leaves of Oocephalus nubicola and Leptohyptis macrostachys. The plant material was collected in the semiarid region of Bahia. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation (3 h), on a Clevenger-type apparatus. The oils were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography using flame ionization detection and mass spectrometry. Two general pharmacological tests were used to assess possible effects of the extracts on the central nervous system of animals: the screening behavioral pharmacology and the rota-rod test. Antinociceptive effects were assessed using acetic acid-induced writhing test and formalin test. Both oils were presented as a mixture of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, and Oocephalus nubicola showed predominance of sesquiterpene components, while in the Leptohyptis macrostachys monoterpenes were major. The pharmacological evaluations demonstrated that the samples did not affect motor coordination of animals, besides their antinociceptive properties in the three experimental doses, with evidence of central effects.
A fam?lia Lamiaceae tem grande import?ncia econ?mica por ser fonte de ?leos essenciais arom?ticos, al?m de ser bem estudada do ponto de vista qu?mico. Relatos de estudos farmacol?gicos tamb?m s?o extensos na literatura cient?fica, pois as esp?cimes desta fam?lia s?o encontradas em v?rias partes do mundo. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a composi??o qu?mica e a atividade antinociceptiva em camundongos dos ?leos essenciais obtidos das folhas de Oocephalus nubicola e Leptohyptis macrostachys. O material vegetal foi coletado na regi?o do semi?rido do Estado da Bahia. Os ?leos essenciais foram obtidos por hidrodestila??o (3 h), em um aparelho do tipo Clevenger. Os ?leos foram analisados por cromatografia capilar gasosa, usando detec??o de ioniza??o de chama e espectrometria de massas. Dois testes farmacol?gicos gerais foram aplicados para avalia??o de poss?veis efeitos das amostras no Sistema Nervoso Central dos animais: triagem farmacol?gica comportamental e teste da barra girat?ria. Para avalia??o da atividade antinociceptiva foram empregadas duas metodologias: o teste das contor??es abdominais induzidas pelo ?cido ac?tico e o teste da formalina. Ambos os ?leos apresentaram-se como uma mistura de monoterpenos e sesquiterpenos, sendo que Oocephalus nubicola apresentou predomin?ncia dos constituintes sesquiterp?nicos, enquanto que em Leptohyptis macrostachys os monoterpenos foram majorit?rios. As avalia??es farmacol?gicas demonstraram que as amostras n?o afetam a coordena??o motora dos animais, al?m de possu?rem propriedades antinociceptivas nas tr?s doses experimentais, com ind?cios de mecanismo de a??o central.

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Bernard, Francieli Helena. „Materiais lignocelulósicos na compostagem de resíduos da agroindústria do frango de corte“. Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2015. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/210.

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The composting process has been used as the main way to stabilize agro-industrial waste from the broiler production chain. These wastes are generated in the run-fattening stage and during the slaughtering and processing of meat, originally inadequate to composting process due to its high levels of nitrogen. The objective of this research was to evaluate different lignocellulosic materials available regionally as a carbon source to be added to the composting process. The lignocellulosic materials were carding cotton waste, pruning of urban trees, sawdust, crushed sugarcane bagasse and crushed napier grass, which mixed with other wastes (reproductive poultry bedding, hatchery waste, flotation sludge, sausage skins and coal from boilers), constituted the treatments. Five windrows were set up and monitored, with C:N ratio of around 30. The windrows were turned twice a week in the first month and once a week in the following months until stabilization, confirmed by the decline of the windrow temperature until it reaches values of room temperature. At every turning, moisture was adjusted to 60%. The time of composting was evaluated, as well as mass reductions and volume (parameters related to optimization of the composting area); losses of N, P and K; concentration of N, P and K and the ratio of humic to fulvic acid - HA / FA that to characterize the agronomic value of the final compost, in addition to monitoring of microbiological parameters such as basal respiration and activity enzymatic β-glucosidase, cellulase, acid and alkaline phosphatase. With the aid of techniques of Multivariate Analysis (Cluster Analysis and Principal Component), it was concluded that the treatment which used the carding cotton waste as a carbon source allowed optimizing the use of composting area and provided the production of a organic compost with greater agronomic value. Regarding the microbiological parameters, these were most intense in the thermophilic phase, being the cellulase activity most accentuated.
O processo de compostagem é utilizado como principal forma de estabilizar resíduos agroindustriais provenientes da cadeia produtiva do frango de corte. Trata-se dos resíduos gerados no período que antecede a fase de engorda e durante o abate e industrialização da carne, originalmente inadequados ao processo de compostagem por apresentarem altos teores de nitrogênio. Objetivou-se avaliar diferentes materiais lignocelulósicos disponíveis regionalmente como fonte de carbono a ser adicionado na compostagem destes resíduos. Os materiais lignocelulósicos avaliados foram: resíduos da desfibrilação do algodão, podas de árvores urbanas, serragem, bagaço de cana moído e capim napier triturado, que em mistura com os demais resíduos (cama de matrizeiro, resíduos de incubatório, lodo de flotador, tripa celulósica e carvão), constituíram os tratamentos. Foram montadas e monitoradas cinco leiras, com relação C:N em torno de 30. As leiras foram revolvidas duas vezes por semana no primeiro mês e uma vez por semana nos meses seguintes até a estabilização, confirmada pelo declínio da temperatura da leira até atingir os valores da temperatura ambiente. A cada revolvimento, a umidade foi corrigida para 60%. Os parâmetros avaliados foram o tempo de compostagem e as reduções de massa e volume (parâmetros relacionados à otimização do pátio de compostagem); perdas de N, P e K, concentração de N, P e K e relação ácidos húmicos:ácidos/fúlvicos AH/AF que permitiram caracterizar o valor agronômico do composto final. Monitorou-se os parâmetros microbiológicos, como a respiração basal e a atividade enzimática de β-glucosidase, celulase, fosfatase ácida e alcalina. Com auxílio de técnicas da Análise Multivariada (Análise de Agrupamento e de Componentes Principais), concluiu-se que o tratamento em que se utilizou o resíduo da desfibrilação de algodão como fonte de carbono permite otimizar a utilização do pátio de compostagem e proporciona a produção de um composto orgânico com maior valor agronômico. Com relação aos parâmetros microbiológicos, estes foram mais intensos na fase termofílica, sendo a atividade de celulase a mais pronunciada

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Moura, Juliana Augusta. „Dinâmica da matéria orgânica em solo tratado com resíduos orgânicos nos Tabuleiros Costeiros do Estado de Sergipe“. Pós-Graduação em Agroecossistemas, 2013. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6570.

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In the state of Sergipe, more precisely in the center-south region of the Coastal Plains serves as the stage for one of the largest citrus production in the country. The intensive cultivation of these soils reduces the content of organic matter that is the key component to ensure its quality. Thus, the use of alternate layering residues format, can be a viable alternative to the revitalization of citrus orchards. The objective of this study was the evaluation of the labile and stable soil organic matter, carbon management index and microbial activity in soil treated with organic waste and citrus cultivation in the state of Sergipe. Soil samples were collected in the layers 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, and 10-15 cm in a citrus (Citrus sinensis, L. Osbeck) orchard treated either with organic residues or mineral fertilizer, or a combination of the two (conventional management, where the projection of the plant canopy was kept clean of weeds, and no mineral fertilization; humus residues; alternate layering residues (in situ made compost); alternate layering residues + NPK; only NPK; humus residues + NPK; and a native forest soil as reference). The results were submitted to analysis of variance and means were compared by the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability by the software SISVAR. To evaluate the microbial activity was also determined the coefficient of correlation (p . 5) via the computer application SAEG. The study of C in the labile and stable organic matter were more effective than isolated evaluation of total organic carbon (TOC) to check for changes in the dynamics of C in the soil. The C in particulate organic matter (C-POM) was more sensitive than the content of C in complexed organic matter (C-COM). Overall, the treatments that have provided incorporation of organic residues showed carbon management index (CMI) close to the native forest. The fulvic acids fraction (FAF) helped identify the changes in soil for different types of management. The humin fraction (HUMF) showed the highest levels of C relative to FAF and humic acids fraction (HAF). The incorporation of organic waste to the crowning of the orange zone also caused an increase in microbial respiration rates, in total content of organic matter, as well as the elevation of pH, P, Ca and Mg treatments when compared to native forest and conventional management. The ratio stratification was effective to evaluate the influence of different management practices between depths indicating treatments Humus, Humus + NPK and altenate layering residues + NPK as the most effective in increasing the organic matter content in the soil. The benefits caused to soil after the incorporation of organic waste show that the use of practices more conservationist contributes to the improvement of the soil.
No estado de Sergipe, mais precisamente no centro-sul, a regiao de Tabuleiros Costeiros serve de palco para uma das maiores producoes citricolas do pais. O cultivo intensivo feito de forma inadequada nesses solos reduz o teor de materia organica que e o componente fundamental para assegurar a sua qualidade. Dessa forma, o aproveitamento dos residuos organicos no formato de compostagem laminar, pode ser uma alternativa viavel para a revitalizacao de pomares citricolas. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi a avaliacao das fracoes labeis e estaveis da materia organica do solo, do indice de manejo do carbono e da atividade microbiana em solo tratado com residuos organicos e cultivado com citros no estado de Sergipe. Foram coletadas amostras de solo em tres profundidades (0-5, 5-10 e 10-15 cm) em area cultivada com laranja pera (Citrus sinensis, L. Osbeck) sob diferentes tratamentos (manejo convencional onde a area sob a copa da planta e mantida limpa e sem aplicacao de fertilizantes; humus, aplicado sob a copa da planta; compostagem laminar, com residuos organicos como restos culturais e estercos dispostos em camadas alternadas sob a copa da planta; compostagem laminar + NPK; NPK; humus + NPK; o mesmo solo sob mata nativa foi usado como referencia). Os resultados foram submetidos a analise de variancia e as medias foram comparadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott a 5% de probabilidade por meio do software SISVAR. Para avaliacao da atividade microbiana tambem foi determinado o coeficiente de correlacao de Pearson (p.5) atraves do aplicativo computacional SAEG. O estudo do C nas fracoes labeis e estaveis da materia organica foram mais eficazes do que avaliacao isolada do carbono organico total (COT) para verificar alteracoes na dinamica do C no solo. O C da materia organica particulada (CMOP) se mostrou mais sensivel do que o teor de C na materia organica complexada (CMOC). No geral, os tratamentos que tiveram incorporacao de residuos organicos proporcionaram indices de manejo de carbono (IMC) proximos ao da mata nativa. A fracao acidos fulvicos (FAF) ajudou a identificar as mudancas ocorridas no solo em funcao dos diferentes tipos de manejo. A fracao humina (FHUM) apresentou os maiores teores de C em relacao a FAF e a fracao acidos humicos (FAH). A incorporacao de residuos organicos a zona de coroamento da laranjeira tambem promoveu um aumento das taxas de respiracao microbiana, nos teores totais de materia organica, assim como, a elevacao de pH, P, Ca e Mg dos tratamentos quando comparados a mata nativa e ao manejo convencional. A relacao de estratificacao mostrou-se eficaz ao avaliar a influencia das diferentes praticas de manejo entre as profundidades indicando os tratamentos Humus, Humus + NPK e compostagem laminar + NPK como os mais eficazes em aumentar o teor de materia organica no solo. Os beneficios ocasionados ao solo, apos a incorporacao de residuos organicos demonstram que a utilizacao de praticas mais conservacionistas contribui em muito para a melhoria do solo.

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Sifi, Bouaziz. „Valorisation des écorces de chêne (quercus pedunculata) et de leurs substances hydrosolubles“. Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10108.

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Influence de la maturité du compost d'écorce de chêne et des extraits d'écorce sur l'aptitude à servir de substrat pour la culture de végétaux supérieurs (tomates). Aspects ultrastructuraux et effets sur la germination et la croissance (inhibition, stimulation)

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Makita-Ngadi, Joseph. „Biodégradation et compostage des écorces de pin (pinus sylvestris) et d'Okoume (Aucoumea Klaineana ou Gaboon)“. Nancy 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NAN10014.

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L'étude bibliographique préléminaire a permis de mettre en évidence le rôle primordial des bactéries et des champignons au cours des processus de décomposition des écorces (tissus subérifiés des essences ligneuses). Les études en laboratoire ont cependant prouvé que les activités métaboliques des germes étaient inhibées par différentes substances en particulier les produits phénoliques. Il est apparu intéressant, dans le but de valoriser ces résidus ligneux, de vérifier l'influence d'un certain nombre de paramètres sur la croissance et l'activité de la microflore présente. Dans ce but, nous avons appliqué aux écorces de pin, le procédé "kilbro" ce qui nous a permis de contrôler, dans le cadre d'études fondamentales, l'impact des micro-organismes vivant dans ces micro-écosystèmes particuliers

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Chalupová, Zuzana. „Marie Kučerová-Herbstová, zakladatelka dětské opery v Čechách“. Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-446014.

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This diploma thesis deals with the important composer from Kutná Hora, the author of several pieces for children and especially the creator of children's opera Marie Kučerová-Herbstová (1896-1962). The individual chapters deal with composer's personal life, professional activities, ties to Kutná Hora as well as her work and provide closer look at the children's operas she created.

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Rabbani, Reiman L. „Predicting microbial activity for composting using machine learning techniques“. 2006. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/rabbani%5Freiman%5Fl%5F200608%5Fms.

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Fan, Hsun-Fang, und 范薰方. „Phylogeny and biological activity assay in Antrodia composite species“. Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20448194389818351853.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
植物病理與微生物學研究所
93
o define the phylogenetic relationship of Antrodia and allied genera, the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA or partial 18S and 28S rDNA sequences, which were either generated by our laboratory or retrieved from NCBI GeneBank database, were analyzed by MEGA 3 in combination with neighbor-joining algorithium. The constructed phylogenetic trees by 18S or 28S rDNA sequences showed that all the 14 Antrodia species were clustered in a monophyletic clade. The results did not endorse the recombination of A. cinnamonmea and A. salmonea to a newly erected Taiwanofungus genus. The phylogenetic analysis also indicated a more close relationship of Antrodia to Polyporaceae rather than Meripilaceae. Evidence also revealed that the HPLC chromatogram of mycelia methanol extract from Antrodia did not congruent with rDNA phylogenetic clade, though some of the unique peaks in the chromatograms may possibly serve as the markers of the 14 Antrodia species. Of the 16 Antrodia species tested, the methanolic extract of 11 species exhibited more than 50％ suppression activity toward Hep G2, while 7 species showed more than 50％ suppress effect toward A549. Nevertheless, all the Antrodia strains tested none of them exhibited marked suppression effect towarded the normal cell line NIH-3T3. Furthermore, the ethyl acetate fraction from A. cinnamomea mycelia also suppress the inflammatory response of mouse macrophage cell line（Raw 264.7） induced by lipopolysaccharide（LPS） at dosage of 500 ng/ml. In general, A. cinnamomea the mycelia ethyl acetate fractions were more potent than methanol fraction on their cancer cell suppress activity. Consequently, the active constituents in these fractions deserve to further purification and characterization.

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Huang, Chih-Yuan, und 黃志遠. „Portland Cement/Calcium Phosphate Bone Cement Composite with Hinokitiol : Mechanical properties, Antibacterial activity and Biological Activity in vitro“. Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36662523019723762018.

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碩士
逢甲大學
纖維與複合材料學系
104
Calcium phosphate cement(CPC) has been extensively investigated due to its excellent biological properties, potential resorbability, molding capabilities, and easy manipulation. Tricalcium silicate(C3S) is the main components of Mineral trioxide aggregate(MTA), it has self-hardening ,bone mineralization ability ,and releasing calcium hydroxide. Hinokitiol is a tropolone-related compound purified from the wood. It has been revealed to have antimicrobial activities. In this work, we combined Tricalcium silicate, Calcium phosphate cement and Hinokitiol to develop a new CPC with antibacterial and bone mineralization activity. The results indicate that the developed CPC has antibacterial activity, but the effect would decrease with adding C3S. In cell viability result shows that the developed CPC has great biocompatibility. CPC combined with 5 and 10 wt% C3S and Hinokitiol has well cell viability. ALP (Alkaline phosphatase, ALP) test shows that CPC combined with 5 wt% C3S and Hinokitiol has best bone mineralization activity.

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Chen, Hongtu. „The influence of compaction and amendment type on biological activity during biosolids co-composting“. 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/1276.

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During windrow composting, compressive settlement causes a decrease in the free air space inside the composting pile. The objectives of this research were to study the extent that compressive settlement affects the free air space (FAS) and biological activity. Two experimental phases were done: Phase I characterized the physical and chemical properties of the biosolids, the potential amendments, and various combinations of the two. The physical and chemical properties investigated include moisture content (MC), total solids content (TS), volatile solids content (VS), fixed solids content (FS), Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN), dry bulk density (D$\sb{\rm db}$), wet bulk density (D$\sb{\rm wb}$), and particle density (D$\sb{\rm p}$), Phase II measured the effect of loading and amendment type on FAS and the biological activity. The composting biological activity was measured using the composting temperature, the oxygen utilization rate (OUR), and the final volatile solids reduction. Four bench-scale 2.6 L compost reactors were used in Phase II. In Phase II five experimental stages of 15 days each were completed. In each of the first four stages, two replicates of loaded and unloaded reactors were run. In the fifth stage two different types of amendment were used. Each amendment was mixed with biosolids individually and put into two reactors, one loaded and another one unloaded. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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Lai, Yi-Ting, und 賴易廷. „Effect of immobilized sOGP10-14 in polycaprolactone-hydroxyapatite composite on osteoblast activity“. Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71302424886156777927.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
臨床牙醫學研究所
95
Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) is a technique which is used for the treatment of bone defects associated with periodontal disease or dental implants. Currently, non-resorbable materials (ex：ePTFE, Gore-Tex®) are used for the fabrication of the membranes. However, a disadvantage of non-resorbable membranes is that they require a second surgical session for the removal of the membrane. Conversely, biodegradable membranes such as collagen and synthetic biodegradable polymers have been studied by many researchers. Collagen membrane has excellent cell affinity and biocompatibility to regenerate tissues; however, its mechanical strength is poor. Biodegradable polymers exhibit improved mechanical properties but cell affinity is not good. Therefore, the aim of this study was to fabricate a composite which is composed of a bioresorbable polymer (Polycaprolactone) and bioactive ceramic (Hydroxyapatite). In addition, osteogenic growth peptide (sOGP10~14) was immobilized on the surface of composite. The osteoblasts activity of MG63 cells including cell attachment, viability, and calcification related gene and enzyme was examined. The characteristic peaks of X-ray diffraction were identified as hydroxyapatite. Successful combination of polycaprolactone and hydroxyapatite was demonstrated by FTIR analysis. Cell adhesion and cell viability onto PCL+HAP+sOGP10~14 composite membrane was elevated after surface modification. The alkaline phosphates enzyme activity and the gene expression level osteocalcin were up regulated by hydroxyapatite. In summary, our results suggest that HAP and sOGP10~14 plays a significant role in stimulating the bone derived cellular activity and hydroxyapatite composite membrane have high potential to be used for hard tissue regeneration.

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Lin, Chia-Yi, und 林嘉儀. „Enhancement on Electrochemical Activity of Platinum/Carbon Nanotube Composite Electrodes Using Transition Metals“. Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43691448454845464601.

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碩士
元智大學
化學工程與材料科學學系
96
In the present work, we propose an efficient method to fabricate metal particulates deposited on CNTs, which consists of the following steps: (a) implantation of acidic groups, (b) ionic interaction, and (c) heat treatment. In the self-organization nanostructure, the major formation mechanism is to utilize the strong interaction between metal ions and oxygen functional groups and the sidewall of carbon nanomaterials. CNT decorated with different transitional metal nanocatalysts were fabricated to investigate their electrochemical activity in acid solution. These transitional metal dxides/CNT composites were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and N2 physisorption. The crystalline size of nanocatalysts generally effect with transition metals. The specific surface areas and pore size distributions of transition metal/CNT composites were slightly altered after the transition metals deposition. Cyclic voltammetry measurements in 1 M H2SO4 and in 0.5 M H2SO4 containing 1 M methanol showed that Co-Pt/CNT electrode has the greatest activity in electrochemical adsorption and desorption of hydrogen, i.e., the ratio of electrochemical surface coverage: 71.5 %. This enhancement of electrochemical activity was attributed to two possible reasons: (a) addition of Co in the bimetallic catalysts leads to reduce the required potential for water electrolysis and thus the associated carbon oxidation; (b) the presence of Co in the bimetallic alloys acts an important role in regenerating inactive Pt–COads sties.

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Li, Chieh-Ying, und 李杰穎. „Photocatalytic activity of biomimetic yeast template composite titania prepared by sol-gel method“. Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/fpb49d.

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碩士
國立屏東科技大學
環境工程與科學系所
106
Polychlorinated biphenyls, which are highly stable and biodegradable in the environment, enter the human body through the food chain or many other factors and cause irreparable damage to the skin, brain, and immune system. This study was designed for the photocatalytic degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls that can be achieved through advanced oxidation treatment. Therefore, yeast bio-templated composite TiO2 was prepared by sol-gel method, and the experimental factors pH (4, 5 and 6) and the calcination temperatures(450, 500, 550 and 600 °C) in the preparation process were investigated. After determining the optimum conditions for the degradation of methylene blue, the degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls was tested using this criteria. SEM, EDS, XRD, and BET confirmed that yeast not only served as a template, but also provided a carbon source for doping into TiO2. As the calcination temperature increased, the crystallinity increased, the average pore size increased, the surface area decreased, and the pH increased. The proportion of rutile increases, the average pore size increases, and the surface area decreases. Finally, the catalyst (pH4, 500°C) prepared under optimal conditions degraded polychlorinated biphenyls with a removal rate of 79% and an inhibition rate of 63.36% for marine photoluminescent bacteria. Through four tests of persistence, the yeast biotemplate TiO2 prepared by sol-gel method is a reusable and environmentally friendly catalyst.

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Wytrykush, Laura G. „Effect of soil loading rate on microbial activity during co-composting of diesel-contaminated clay soil“. 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/2102.

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The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effect of soil loading rate on the microbial performance during active phase co-composting of diesel-fuel contaminated clay soil under simulated windrow composting conditions. Microbial performance was monitored through relative heat generation, volatile solids destruction, and headspace oxygen/methane levels. Additional analyses in the form of radio-labelled diesel fuel, which was monitored through NaOH traps for respired 14CO2, and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentrations were attempted during the experimental run. A total of seventeen biocells were used during the experiment. Soil loadings ranged from 0% contaminated soil to 30% contaminated soil. Each biocell received the same amount of compost amendments, with altering soil loadings. Biocells were placed in an environmental chamber for a duration of two weeks. During that time, the chamber temperature was ramped to simulate temperatures within a compost heap. Biocell height and temperature readings were taken at least three times daily. Air was supplied to the biocells for five minutes every hour, and the offgas from the biocells was bubbled through NaOH traps to capture respired CO2 and 14CO2. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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Li, Yi-Tsen, und 李奕岑. „Antibacterial activity and physical properties of bacterial cellulose composite film incorporated with silver nanoparticles adsorbed montmorillonites“. Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66697281147272048959.

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碩士
國立宜蘭大學
食品科學系碩士班
102
In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized by using chemical reduction method into the interlayer space of Montmorillonite (MMT) to form the AgNPs/MMT composites. The AgNPs/MMT composites were then adsorbed in dry fabricated bio-film (DFBF) in order to develop the AgNPs/MMT/DFBF to reduce the AgNPs immigration. To prepare the AgNPs/MMT reduce by using 0.01-0.1 mol/L NaBH4, the lower NaBH4 concentration the smaller AgNPs were derived. The superior antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was obtained, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were 800, 200 and 2000 μg/mL, respectively, for the AgNPs/MMT prepared with 0.01 mol/L NaBH4. The MIC of AgNPs/DFBF against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were 100 and 12.5 μg/mL, respectively, while, the DFBF itself exhibited enough inhibition ability against E. coli. The MIC of AgNPs/MMT/DFBF against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were 1600 and 500 μg/mL, respectively. According to TEM, the particles size of AgNPs in DFBF and MMT were 20-160 nm and 2 nm, respectively. It revealed that the AgNPs were immobilized firmer in MMT than that in DFBF, which prevented the flocculation of AgNPs. Furthermore, AgNPs and Ag+ release ratio of AgNPs/DFBF, AgNPs/MMT, AgNPs/MMT/DFBF were 6.7, 1.05 and 0.414%, respectively. To consider the antibacterial ability of AgNPs and Ag+ released in bacilli, the MIC of AgNPs and Ag+ in bacilli for three antibacterial composites against S. aureus were lower than 1 μg/mL except the AgNPs/DFBF was 6.72 μg/mL. It revealed that the immobilized AgNPs possessed a desirable antibacterial ability since the trace release of AgNPs and Ag+ from AgNPs/MMT/DFBF. In addition, the antibacterial ability of the smaller particles size of AgNPs in MMT was stronger than that of the bigger AgNPs in DFBF. Overall, antibacterial AgNPs/MMT/DFBF not only minimized the release of AgNPs and Ag+ but also possessed desirable water vapor transmission, swelling ability and the rehydrated AgNPs/MMT/DFBF maintained a certain tensile strength. Owing to these characteristics, the AgNPs/MMT/DFBF has potential use in preparation of composites for application in antibacterial wound dressing.

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Hsiao, Hsiang-Ming, und 蕭翔銘. „Applications of Amyloid Fibril-Based Composite Materials: Preparation of Gold Nanoparticle-Decorated Amyloid Fibrils with Catalytic Activity“. Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/352ruf.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
化學工程學研究所
107
Gold nanoparticles have been widely used as the catalysts in industry as a result of their high surface energy and nice catalytic efficiency. Gold nanoparticle can act as important catalysts for the filtration of p-nitrophenol (4-nitrophenol) in industrial wastewater and have been used as carbon monoxide filters. However, the high surface energy of gold nanoparticles also leads to aggregation, resulting in a decrease in catalytic activity. Hence, by immobilizing gold nanoparticles on to a supporting carrier, they can uniformly be arranged. Moreover, these catalysts could also be reused through different recycled methods. Amyloid fibrils are widely known to be the major cause for a range of degenerative diseases including Alzheimer''s disease and Parkinson''s disease. Yet, the stable structure of amyloid fibrils and their high biocompatibility make them good choices to serve as templates in the fields of tissue engineering, drug delivery, and biosensors. Therefore, using hen lysozyme as a model protein, this study was aimed at synthesizing amyloid-like fibrils decorated with gold nanoparticles through the redox reaction from chloroauric acid. Transmission electron microscopic analysis has been performed to understand the morphology of gold nanoparticle-decorated amyloid fibrils and energy dispersive X-ray analysis has been conducted to confirm the gold content in the said composite materials. In addition, UV/Vis spectrophotometer has been used to investigate the catalytic efficiency of the synthesized gold nanoparticle-decorated amyloid fibrils via the reduction of p-nitrophenol. Our results showed that the aggregation propensity of gold nanoparticles was reduced upon incorporation of amyloid fibrils as the supporting matrix due to the dispersion of gold nanoparticles. In addition, the reduction of p-nitrophenol under the conditions examined was determined to follow the pseudo-first order kinetics. Moreover, we found that a rise in the concentration of gold nanoparticles present in the solution containing amyloid fibrils was found to bring about a decrease in the time needed for 4-nitrophenol reduction, thereby an increase in the rate constant of the associated pseudo-first order reaction. Our study presents a nice example of implementing amyloid fibrils in the material-based applications.

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Ferdous, Nazneen. „A new estimation approach for modeling activity-travel behavior : applications of the composite marginal likelihood approach in modeling multidimensional choices“. Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-08-4224.

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The research in the field of travel demand modeling is driven by the need to understand individuals’ behavior in the context of travel-related decisions as accurately as possible. In this regard, the activity-based approach to modeling travel demand has received substantial attention in the past decade, both in the research arena as well as in practice. At the same time, recent efforts have been focused on more fully realizing the potential of activity-based models by explicitly recognizing the multi-dimensional nature of activity-travel decisions. However, as more behavioral elements/dimensions are added, the dimensionality of the model systems tends to explode, making the estimation of such models all but infeasible using traditional inference methods. As a result, analysts and practitioners often trade-off between recognizing attributes that will make a model behaviorally more representative (from a theoretical viewpoint) and being able to estimate/implement a model (from a practical viewpoint). An alternative approach to deal with the estimation complications arising from multi-dimensional choice situations is the technique of composite marginal likelihood (CML). This is an estimation technique that is gaining substantial attention in the statistics field, though there has been relatively little coverage of this method in transportation and other fields. The CML approach is a conceptually and pedagogically simpler simulation-free procedure (relative to traditional approaches that employ simulation techniques), and has the advantage of reproducibility of the results. Under the usual regularity assumptions, the CML estimator is consistent, unbiased, and asymptotically normally distributed. The discussion above indicates that the CML approach has the potential to contribute in the area of travel demand modeling in a significant way. For example, the approach can be used to develop conceptually and behaviorally more appealing models to examine individuals’ travel decisions in a joint framework. The overarching goal of the current research work is to demonstrate the applicability of the CML approach in the area of activity-travel demand modeling and to highlight the enhanced features of the choice models estimated using the CML approach. The goal of the dissertation is achieved in three steps as follows: (1) by evaluating the performance of the CML approach in multivariate situations, (2) by developing multidimensional choice models using the CML approach, and (3) by demonstrating applications of the multidimensional choice models developed in the current dissertation.
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Dissertationen zum Thema „Composing activity“

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