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Thematische Bibliographien / Complex Concentrated Alloys / Zeitschriftenartikel

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Complex Concentrated Alloys“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 28. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 28. Januar 2023

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1

Gorsse, Stéphane, Jean-Philippe Couzinié und Daniel B. Miracle. „From high-entropy alloys to complex concentrated alloys“. Comptes Rendus Physique 19, Nr. 8 (Dezember 2018): 721–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crhy.2018.09.004.

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2

Mukherjee, Sundeep. „Complex Concentrated Alloys (CCAs)—Current Understanding and Future Opportunities“. Metals 10, Nr. 9 (17.09.2020): 1253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10091253.

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Complex concentrated alloys with multiple principal elements represent a new paradigm in alloy design by focusing on the central region of a multi-component phase space and show a promising range of properties unachievable in conventional alloys [...]

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3

Muskeri, Saideep, Phillip A. Jannotti, Brian E. Schuster, Jeffrey T. Lloyd und Sundeep Mukherjee. „Ballistic impact response of complex concentrated alloys“. International Journal of Impact Engineering 161 (März 2022): 104091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2021.104091.

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4

Gorsse, Stéphane, Daniel B. Miracle und Oleg N. Senkov. „Mapping the world of complex concentrated alloys“. Acta Materialia 135 (August 2017): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2017.06.027.

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5

Badea, Ioana-Cristina, Ioana Csaki, Beatrice-Adriana Serban, Nicolae Constantin, Dumitru Mitrica, Marian Burada, Ioana Anasiei, Mihai Tudor Olaru, Andreea-Nicoleta Ghita und Ana-Maria Julieta Popescu. „Characterisation of a Novel Complex Concentrated Alloy for Marine Applications“. Materials 15, Nr. 9 (06.05.2022): 3345. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15093345.

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Complex concentrated alloys (CCAs) are a new family of materials with near equimolar compositions that fluctuate depending on the characteristics and destination of the material. CCAs expand the compositional limits of the traditional alloys, displaying new pathways in material design. A novel light density Al5Cu0.5Si0.2Zn1.5Mg0.2 alloy was studied to determine the structural particularities and related properties. The alloy was prepared in an induction furnace and then annealed under a protective atmosphere. The resulted specimens were analysed by chemical, structural, mechanical, and corrosion resistance. The structural analyses revealed a predominant FCC and BCC solid solution structure. The alloy produced a compression strength of 500–600 MPa, comparable with conventional aluminium alloys. The corrosion resistance in 3.5% NaCl solution was 0.3424 mm/year for as-cast and 0.1972 mm/year for heat-treated alloy, superior to steel, making the alloy a good candidate for marine applications.

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6

Wu, Junxia, Peiyou Li, Hongfeng Dong, Yuefei Jia, Yaling Liu, Wei Zhang und Mina Zhang. „Composition design, microstructure, and mechanical properties of novel Ti–Co–Ni–Zr complex concentrated alloys“. International Journal of Materials Research 112, Nr. 11 (01.11.2021): 880–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-2021-8196.

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Abstract The composition design of complex concentrated alloys originates from the composition design of amorphous alloys. To expand the composition design of alloys, herein, the compositions of novel Ti–Co–Ni–Zr complex concentrated alloys were obtained by the proportional mixing of Ti2Co intermetallics and Ni64Zr36 binary eutectic. The theory and method of this new alloy design are also discussed. The as-cast Ti28Co14Ni37.12Zr20.88, Ti30Co15Ni35.2Zr19.8, and Ti32 . Co16Ni33.3Zr18.7 alloys were composed of body-centered cubic TiNi and Ti2Ni phases. The Ti28Co14Ni37.12Zr20.88 alloy exhibited high yield strength (2 164 MPa) and compressive strength (2 539 MPa) under quasi-static compression at roomtemperature. The high strength of Ti28Co14Ni37.12Zr20.88 alloy is related to the precipitation of Ti2Ni along the grain boundary and the precipitation in the crystal. This paper validates that using the proportional mixing method of intermetallics and eutectic alloy is an effective method to design complex concentrated alloys with high strength.

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7

Senkov, O. N., S. Gorsse und D. B. Miracle. „High temperature strength of refractory complex concentrated alloys“. Acta Materialia 175 (August 2019): 394–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2019.06.032.

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8

Stepanov, Nikita, und Sergey Zherebtsov. „Design of High-Entropy Alloys“. Metals 12, Nr. 6 (11.06.2022): 1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12061003.

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9

Ayyagari, Aditya, Vahid Hasannaeimi, Harpreet Grewal, Harpreet Arora und Sundeep Mukherjee. „Corrosion, Erosion and Wear Behavior of Complex Concentrated Alloys: A Review“. Metals 8, Nr. 8 (03.08.2018): 603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met8080603.

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There has been tremendous interest in recent years in a new class of multi-component metallic alloys that are referred to as high entropy alloys, or more generally, as complex concentrated alloys. These multi-principal element alloys represent a new paradigm in structural material design, where numerous desirable attributes are achieved simultaneously from multiple elements in equimolar (or near equimolar) proportions. While there are several review articles on alloy development, microstructure, mechanical behavior, and other bulk properties of these alloys, then there is a pressing need for an overview that is focused on their surface properties and surface degradation mechanisms. In this paper, we present a comprehensive view on corrosion, erosion and wear behavior of complex concentrated alloys. The effect of alloying elements, microstructure, and processing methods on the surface degradation behavior are analyzed and discussed in detail. We identify critical knowledge gaps in individual reports and highlight the underlying mechanisms and synergy between the different degradation routes.

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10

Li, Mu, Zhaohan Zhang, Arashdeep S. Thind, Guodong Ren, Rohan Mishra und Katharine M. Flores. „Microstructure and properties of NbVZr refractory complex concentrated alloys“. Acta Materialia 213 (Juli 2021): 116919. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2021.116919.

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11

Jia, Yuefei, Yandong Jia, Shiwei Wu, Xindi Ma und Gang Wang. „Novel Ultralight-Weight Complex Concentrated Alloys with High Strength“. Materials 12, Nr. 7 (08.04.2019): 1136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12071136.

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To explore a novel high strength and low modulus ultralight-weight complex concentrated alloys (ULW-CCAs), a series of light alloys are designed and explored based on some low-density and low modulus elements, such as Al, Li, Mg, Ca, Si, and Y. An Al19.9Li30Mg35Si10Ca5Y0.1 (at %) CCA with a high specific strength of 327 KPa·m−3 is successfully developed. After adjusting the composition, the Al15Li35Mg48Ca1Si1 CCA with the good compressive plasticity is successfully developed. The Al15Li38Mg45Ca0.5Si1.5 and Al15Li39Mg45Ca0.5Si0.5 CCAs exhibit good plasticity of >45%, and >60%, respectively. These ULW-CCAs show the high specific strength, good ductility, and low Young’s modulus, as compared with the previously reported CCAs.

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12

Gorsse, S., M. H. Nguyen, O. N. Senkov und D. B. Miracle. „Database on the mechanical properties of high entropy alloys and complex concentrated alloys“. Data in Brief 21 (Dezember 2018): 2664–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2018.11.111.

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13

Simić, Lidija, Rebeka Rudolf, Peter Majerič und Ivan Anžel. „Cast Microstructure of a Complex Concentrated Noble Alloy Ag20Pd20Pt20Cu20Ni20“. Materials 15, Nr. 14 (08.07.2022): 4788. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15144788.

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A complex concentrated noble alloy (CCNA) of equiatomic composition (Ag20Pd20Pt20Cu20Ni20–20 at. %) was studied as a potential high—performance material. The equiatomic composition was used so that this alloy could be classified in the subgroup of high—entropy alloys (HEA). The alloy was prepared by induction melting at atmospheric pressure, using high purity elements. The degree of metastability of the cast state was estimated on the basis of changes in the microstructure during annealing at high temperatures in a protective atmosphere of argon. Characterisation of the metallographically prepared samples was performed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X–ray diffraction (XRD). Observation shows that the microstructure of the CCNA is in a very metastable state and multiphase, consisting of a continuous base of dendritic solidification—a matrix with an interdendritic region without other microstructural components and complex spheres. A model of the probable flow of metastable solidification of the studied alloy was proposed, based on the separation of L—melts into L1 (rich in Ni) and L2 (rich in Ag). The phenomenon of liquid phase separation in the considered CCNA is based on the monotectic reaction in the Ag−Ni system.

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14

Antillon, E., C. Woodward, S. I. Rao und B. Akdim. „Chemical short range order strengthening in BCC complex concentrated alloys“. Acta Materialia 215 (August 2021): 117012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2021.117012.

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15

Farnell, Mackinzie S., Zachary D. McClure, Shivam Tripathi und Alejandro Strachan. „Modeling environment-dependent atomic-level properties in complex-concentrated alloys“. Journal of Chemical Physics 156, Nr. 11 (21.03.2022): 114102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0076584.

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Complex-concentrated-alloys (CCAs) are of interest for a range of applications due to a host of desirable properties, including high-temperature strength and tolerance to radiation damage. Their multi-principal component nature results in a vast number of possible atomic environments with the associated variability in chemistry and structure. This atomic-level variability is central to the unique properties of these alloys but makes their modeling challenging. We combine atomistic simulations using many body potentials with machine learning to develop predictive models of various atomic properties of CrFeCoNiCu-based CCAs: relaxed vacancy formation energy, atomic-level cohesive energy, pressure, and volume. A fingerprint of the local atomic environments is obtained combining invariants associated with the local atomic geometry and periodic-table information of the atoms involved. Importantly, all descriptors are based on the unrelaxed atomic structure; thus, they are computationally inexpensive to compute. This enables the incorporation of these models into macroscopic simulations. The models show good accuracy and we explore their ability to extrapolate to compositions and elements not used during training.

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16

Koube, K. D., T. Sloop, C. D. Stiers, H. Sim und J. Kacher. „Fabrication of 3D printed complex concentrated alloys using oxide precursors“. Additive Manufacturing Letters 1 (Dezember 2021): 100015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addlet.2021.100015.

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17

Luo, Shuncun, Levente Vitos, Chunyang Zhao, Yue Su und Zemin Wang. „Predicting phase formation in complex concentrated alloys from first-principles“. Computational Materials Science 186 (Januar 2021): 110021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2020.110021.

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18

Mitrica, Dumitru, Ioana Cristina Badea, Mihai Tudor Olaru, Beatrice Adriana Serban, Denisa Vonica, Marian Burada, Victor Geanta et al. „Modeling and Experimental Results of Selected Lightweight Complex Concentrated Alloys, before and after Heat Treatment“. Materials 13, Nr. 19 (29.09.2020): 4330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13194330.

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Lightweight complex concentrated alloys (LWCCA), composed of elements with low density, have become a great area of interest due to the high demand in a large number of applications. Previous research on LWCCAs was focused on high entropy multicomponent alloy systems that provide low density and high capability of solid solution formation. Present research introduces two alloy systems (Al-Cu-Si-Zn-Mg and Al-Mn-Zn-Mg-Si) that contain readily available and inexpensive starting materials and have potential for solid solution formation structures. For the selection of appropriate compositions, authors applied semi-empirical criteria and optimization software. Specialized modeling software (MatCalc) was used to determine probable alloy structures by CALPHAD, non-equilibrium solidification and kinetic simulations. The selected alloys were prepared in an induction furnace. Specimens were heat treated to provide stable structures. Physicochemical, microstructural, and mechanical characterization was performed for the selected alloy compositions. Modeling and experimental results indicated solid solution-based structures in the as-cast and heat-treated samples. Several intermetallic phases were present at higher concentrations than in the conventional alloys. Alloys presented a brittle structure with compression strength of 486–618 MPa and hardness of 268–283 HV. The potential for uniform intermetallic phase distribution in the selected alloys makes them good candidates for applications were low weight and high resistance is required.

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19

Mishra, R. S., N. Kumar und M. Komarasamy. „Lattice strain framework for plastic deformation in complex concentrated alloys including high entropy alloys“. Materials Science and Technology 31, Nr. 10 (16.04.2015): 1259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1743284715y.0000000050.

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20

Xiong, Jie, San-Qiang Shi und Tong-Yi Zhang. „Machine learning of phases and mechanical properties in complex concentrated alloys“. Journal of Materials Science & Technology 87 (Oktober 2021): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2021.01.054.

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21

Senkov, O. N., D. B. Miracle und S. I. Rao. „Correlations to improve room temperature ductility of refractory complex concentrated alloys“. Materials Science and Engineering: A 820 (Juli 2021): 141512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2021.141512.

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22

Gwalani, Bharat, Stephane Gorsse, Deep Choudhuri, Mark Styles, Yufeng Zheng, Rajiv S. Mishra und Rajarshi Banerjee. „Modifying transformation pathways in high entropy alloys or complex concentrated alloys via thermo-mechanical processing“. Acta Materialia 153 (Juli 2018): 169–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2018.05.009.

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23

Xing, Qiuwei, Xu Zhu, Guoju Li, Xinzhe Zhang, Xinfang Zhang und Zhanxing Chen. „Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ni-Based Complex Concentrated Alloys under Radiation Environment“. Crystals 12, Nr. 9 (19.09.2022): 1322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12091322.

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The rapid development of fusion-reactor technology calls for excellent anti-irradiation materials. Complex concentrated alloy (CCA) is a newly proposed alloy concept which is a promising candidate of nuclear fusion materials by virtue of its great phase stability under irradiation. This article summarizes anti-radiation mechanism and the microstructure evolution in HEAs. The effective factors on irradiation behavior of HEAs, including entropy, sample size and temperature, are discussed. Finally, the article introduces the potential ways to solve the economic and environmental problems which the HEAs faced for their applications in the future. In summary, the HEAs usually show better irradiation resistance than traditional alloys, such as less swelling, smaller size of defects, and more stable mechanical properties. One possible reason for the irradiation resistance of HEA is the self-healing effect induced by the high-entropy and atomic-level stress among the metal atoms. The activation of the principal element should be considered when selecting components of HEA, and the high throughput technique is a potential way to reduce the design and fabrication cost of HEAs. It is reasonable to expect that coming years will see the application of novel HEAs in fusion reactors.

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24

Sanchez, Jon Mikel, Alejandro Pascual, Iban Vicario, Joseba Albizuri, Teresa Guraya und Haize Galarraga. „Microstructure and Phase Formation of Novel Al80Mg5Sn5Zn5X5 Light-Weight Complex Concentrated Aluminum Alloys“. Metals 11, Nr. 12 (01.12.2021): 1944. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11121944.

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In this work, three novel complex concentrated aluminum alloys were developed. To investigate the unexplored region of the multicomponent phase diagrams, thermo-physical parameters and the CALPHAD method were used to understand the phase formation of the Al80Mg5Sn5Zn5Ni5, Al80Mg5Sn5Zn5Mn5, and Al80Mg5Sn5Zn5Ti5 alloys. The ingots of the alloys were manufactured by a gravity permanent mold casting process, avoiding the use of expensive, dangerous, or scarce alloying elements. The microstructural evolution as a function of the variable element (Ni, Mn, or Ti) was studied by means of different microstructural characterization techniques. The hardness and compressive strength of the as-cast alloys at room temperature were studied and correlated with the previously characterized microstructures. All the alloys showed multiphase microstructures with major α-Al dendritic matrix reinforced with secondary phases. In terms of mechanical properties, the developed alloys exhibited a high compression yield strength up to 420 MPa, high compression fracture strength up to 563 MPa, and elongation greater than 12%.

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Bhandari, Uttam, Hamed Ghadimi, Congyan Zhang, Shizhong Yang und Shengmin Guo. „Predicting Elastic Constants of Refractory Complex Concentrated Alloys Using Machine Learning Approach“. Materials 15, Nr. 14 (18.07.2022): 4997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15144997.

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Refractory complex concentrated alloys (RCCAs) have drawn increasing attention recently owing to their balanced mechanical properties, including excellent creep resistance, ductility, and oxidation resistance. The mechanical and thermal properties of RCCAs are directly linked with the elastic constants. However, it is time consuming and expensive to obtain the elastic constants of RCCAs with conventional trial-and-error experiments. The elastic constants of RCCAs are predicted using a combination of density functional theory simulation data and machine learning (ML) algorithms in this study. The elastic constants of several RCCAs are predicted using the random forest regressor, gradient boosting regressor (GBR), and XGBoost regression models. Based on performance metrics R-squared, mean average error and root mean square error, the GBR model was found to be most promising in predicting the elastic constant of RCCAs among the three ML models. Additionally, GBR model accuracy was verified using the other four RHEAs dataset which was never seen by the GBR model, and reasonable agreements between ML prediction and available results were found. The present findings show that the GBR model can be used to predict the elastic constant of new RHEAs more accurately without performing any expensive computational and experimental work.

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26

Andreoli, Angelo F., Jiri Orava, Peter K. Liaw, Hans Weber, Marcelo F. de Oliveira, Kornelius Nielsch und Ivan Kaban. „The elastic-strain energy criterion of phase formation for complex concentrated alloys“. Materialia 5 (März 2019): 100222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mtla.2019.100222.

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27

Senkov, O. N., S. Rao, K. J. Chaput und C. Woodward. „Compositional effect on microstructure and properties of NbTiZr-based complex concentrated alloys“. Acta Materialia 151 (Juni 2018): 201–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2018.03.065.

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28

Chaudhary, V., M. S. K. K. Y. Nartu, S. Dasari, S. M. Varahabhatla, A. Sharma, M. Radhakrishnan, S. A. Mantri et al. „Magnetic and mechanical properties of additively manufactured Alx(CoFeNi) complex concentrated alloys“. Scripta Materialia 224 (Februar 2023): 115149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2022.115149.

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29

Tsakiropoulos, Panos. „On the Stability of Complex Concentrated (CC)/High Entropy (HE) Solid Solutions and the Contamination with Oxygen of Solid Solutions in Refractory Metal Intermetallic Composites (RM(Nb)ICs) and Refractory Complex Concentrated Alloys (RCCAs)“. Materials 15, Nr. 23 (28.11.2022): 8479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15238479.

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In as-cast (AC) or heat-treated (HT) metallic ultra-high temperature materials often “conventional” and complex-concentrated (CC) or high-entropy (HE) solid solutions (sss) are observed. Refractory metal containing bcc sss also are contaminated with oxygen. This paper studied the stability of CC/HE Nbss and the contamination with oxygen of Nbss in RM(INb)ICs, RM(Nb)ICs/RCCAs and RM(Nb)ICs/RHEAs. “Conventional” and CC/HE Nbss were compared. “Conventional” Nbss can be Ti-rich only in AC alloys. Ti-rich Nbss is not observed in HT alloys. In B containing alloys the Ti-rich Nbss is usually CC/HE. The CC/HE Nbss is stable in HT alloys with simultaneous addition of Mo, W with Hf, Ge+Sn. The implications for alloy design of correlations between the parameter δ of “conventional” and CC/HE Nbss with the B or the Ge+Sn concentration in the Nbss and of relationships of other solutes with the B or Ge+Sn content are discussed. The CC/HE Nbss has low Δχ, VEC and Ω and high ΔSmix, |ΔHmix| and δ parameters, and is formed in alloys that have high entropy of mixing. These parameters are compared with those of single-phase bcc ss HEAs and differences in ΔHmix, δ, Δχ and Ω, and similarities in ΔSmix and VEC are discussed. Relationships between the parameters of alloy and “conventional” Nbss also apply for CC/HE Nbss. The parameters δss and Ωss, and VECss and VECalloy can differentiate between types of alloying additions and their concentrations and are key regarding the formation or not of CC/HE Nbss. After isothermal oxidation at a pest temperature (800 oC/100 h) the contaminated with oxygen Nbss in the diffusion zone is CC/HE Nbss, whereas the Nbss in the bulk can be “conventional” Nbss or CC/HE Nbss. The parameters of “uncontaminated” and contaminated with oxygen sss are linked with linear relationships. There are correlations between the oxygen concentration in contaminated sss in the diffusion zone and the bulk of alloys with the parameters ΔχNbss, δNbss and VECNbss, the values of which increase with increasing oxygen concentration in the ss. The effects of contamination with oxygen of the near surface areas of a HT RM(Nb)IC with Al, Cr, Hf, Si, Sn, Ti and V additions and a high vol.% Nbss on the hardness and Young’s modulus of the Nbss, and contributions to the hardness of the Nbss in B free or B containing alloys are discussed. The hardness and Young’s modulus of the bcc ss increased linearly with its oxygen concentration and the change in hardness and Young’s modulus due to contamination increased linearly with [O]2/3.

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Aksoy, Doruk, Megan J. McCarthy, Ian Geiger, Diran Apelian, Horst Hahn, Enrique J. Lavernia, Jian Luo, Huolin Xin und Timothy J. Rupert. „Chemical order transitions within extended interfacial segregation zones in NbMoTaW“. Journal of Applied Physics 132, Nr. 23 (21.12.2022): 235302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0122502.

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Interfacial segregation and chemical short-range ordering influence the behavior of grain boundaries in complex concentrated alloys. In this study, we use atomistic modeling of a NbMoTaW refractory complex concentrated alloy to provide insight into the interplay between these two phenomena. Hybrid Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations are performed on columnar grain models to identify equilibrium grain boundary structures. Our results reveal extended near-boundary segregation zones that are much larger than traditional segregation regions, which also exhibit chemical patterning that bridges the interfacial and grain interior regions. Furthermore, structural transitions pertaining to an A2-to-B2 transformation are observed within these extended segregation zones. Both grain size and temperature are found to significantly alter the widths of these regions. An analysis of chemical short-range order indicates that not all pairwise elemental interactions are affected by the presence of a grain boundary equally, as only a subset of elemental clustering types are more likely to reside near certain boundaries. The results emphasize the increased chemical complexity that is associated with near-boundary segregation zones and demonstrate the unique nature of interfacial segregation in complex concentrated alloys.

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31

Zacharis, Eleftherios, Claire Utton und Panos Tsakiropoulos. „A Study of the Effects of Hf and Sn on the Microstructure, Hardness and Oxidation of Nb-18Si Silicide-Based Alloys-RM(Nb)ICs with Ti Addition and Comparison with Refractory Complex Concentrated Alloys (RCCAs)“. Materials 15, Nr. 13 (30.06.2022): 4596. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15134596.

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In this paper, we present a systematic study of the as-cast and heat-treated microstructures of three refractory metal intermetallic composites based on Nb (i.e., RM(Nb)ICs), namely the alloys EZ2, EZ5, and EZ6, and one RM(Nb)IC/RCCA (refractory complex concentrated alloy), namely the alloy EZ8. We also examine the hardness and phases of these alloys. The nominal compositions (at.%) of the alloys were Nb-24Ti-18Si-5Hf-5Sn (EZ2), Nb-24Ti-18Si-5Al-5Hf-5Sn (EZ5), Nb-24Ti-18Si-5Cr-5Hf-5Sn (EZ6), and Nb-24Ti-18Si-5Al-5Cr-5Hf-5Sn (EZ8). All four alloys had density less than 7.3 g/cm3. The Nbss was stable in EZ2 and EZ6 and the C14-NbCr2 Laves phase in EZ6 and EZ8. In all four alloys, the A15-Nb3X (X = Al,Si,Sn) and the tetragonal and hexagonal Nb5Si3 were stable. Eutectics of Nbss + Nb5Si3 and Nbss + C14-NbCr2 formed in the cast alloys without and with Cr addition, respectively. In all four alloys, Nb3Si was not formed. In the heat-treated alloys EZ5 and EZ8, A15-Nb3X precipitated in the Nb5Si3 grains. The chemical compositions of Nbss + C14-NbCr2 eutectics and some Nb5Si3 silicides and lamellar microstructures corresponded to high-entropy or complex concentrated phases (compositionally complex phases). Microstructures and properties were considered from the perspective of the alloy design methodology NICE. The vol.% Nbss increased with increasing ΔχNbss. The hardness of the alloys respectively increased and decreased with increasing vol.% of A15-Nb3X and Nbss. The hardness of the A15-Nb3X increased with its parameter Δχ, and the hardness of the Nbss increased with its parameters δ and Δχ. The room-temperature-specific strength of the alloys was in the range 271.7 to 416.5 MPa cm3g−1. The effect of the synergy of Hf and Sn, or Hf and B, or Hf and Ge on the macrosegregation of solutes, microstructures, and properties of RM(Nb)ICs/RCCAs from this study and others is compared. Phase transformations involving compositionally complex phases are discussed.

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Thandorn, Tophan, und Panos Tsakiropoulos. „On the Microstructure and Properties of Nb-Ti-Cr-Al-B-Si-X (X = Hf, Sn, Ta) Refractory Complex Concentrated Alloys“. Materials 14, Nr. 24 (10.12.2021): 7615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14247615.

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We studied the effect of the addition of Hf, Sn, or Ta on the density, macrosegregation, microstructure, hardness and oxidation of three refractory metal intermetallic composites based on Nb (RM(Nb)ICs) that were also complex concentrated alloys (i.e., RM(Nb)ICs/RCCAs), namely, the alloys TT5, TT6, and TT7, which had the nominal compositions (at.%) Nb-24Ti-18Si-5Al-5B-5Cr-6Ta, Nb-24Ti-18Si-4Al-6B-5Cr-4Sn and Nb-24Ti-17Si-5Al-6B-5Cr-5Hf, respectively. The alloys were compared with B containing and B free RM(Nb)ICs. The macrosegregation of B, Ti, and Si was reduced with the addition, respectively of Hf, Sn or Ta, Sn or Ta, and Hf or Sn. All three alloys had densities less than 7 g/cm3. The alloy TT6 had the highest specific strength in the as cast and heat-treated conditions, which was also higher than that of RCCAs and refractory metal high entropy alloys (RHEAs). The bcc solid solution Nbss and the tetragonal T2 and hexagonal D88 silicides were stable in the alloys TT5 and TT7, whereas in TT6 the stable phases were the A15-Nb3Sn and the T2 and D88 silicides. All three alloys did not pest at 800 °C, where only the scale that was formed on TT5 spalled off. At 1200 °C, the scale of TT5 spalled off, but not the scales of TT6 and TT7. Compared with the B free alloys, the synergy of B with Ta was the least effective regarding oxidation at 800 and 1200 °C. Macrosegregation of solutes, the chemical composition of phases, the hardness of the Nbss and the alloys, and the oxidation of the alloys at 800 and 1200 °C were considered from the perspective of the Niobium Intermetallic Composite Elaboration (NICE) alloy design methodology. Relationships between properties and the parameters VEC, δ, and Δχ of alloy or phase and between parameters were discussed. The trends of parameters and the location of alloys and phases in parameter maps were in agreement with NICE.

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Gorsse, Stéphane, und Franck Tancret. „Current and emerging practices of CALPHAD toward the development of high entropy alloys and complex concentrated alloys“. Journal of Materials Research 33, Nr. 19 (04.06.2018): 2899–923. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2018.152.

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34

Butler, T. M., und K. J. Chaput. „Native oxidation resistance of Al20Nb30Ta10Ti30Zr10 refractory complex concentrated alloy (RCCA)“. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 787 (Mai 2019): 606–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.02.128.

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35

Rao, S. I., B. Akdim, E. Antillon, C. Woodward, T. A. Parthasarathy und O. N. Senkov. „Modeling solution hardening in BCC refractory complex concentrated alloys: NbTiZr, Nb1.5TiZr0.5 and Nb0.5TiZr1.5“. Acta Materialia 168 (April 2019): 222–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2019.02.013.

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36

Thoppil, George Stephen, Jian-Feng Nie und Alankar Alankar. „Hierarchical machine learning based structure–property correlations for as–cast complex concentrated alloys“. Computational Materials Science 216 (Januar 2023): 111855. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2022.111855.

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37

Wen, Dongsheng, und Michael S. Titus. „pySSpredict: A python-based solid-solution strength prediction toolkit for complex concentrated alloys“. Computational Materials Science 220 (März 2023): 111977. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2022.111977.

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38

Simić, Lidija, Srećko Stopić, Bernd Friedrich, Matej Zadravec, Žiga Jelen, Rajko Bobovnik, Ivan Anžel und Rebeka Rudolf. „Synthesis of Complex Concentrated Nanoparticles by Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis and Lyophilisation“. Metals 12, Nr. 11 (24.10.2022): 1802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12111802.

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The development of new multicomponent nanoparticles is gaining increasing importance due to their specific functional properties, i.e., synthesised new complex concentrated nanoparticles (CCNPs) in the form of powder using ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) and lyophilisation from the initial cast Ag20Pd20Pt20Cu20Ni20 alloy, which was in the function of the material after its catalytic abilities had been exhausted. Hydrometallurgical treatment was used to dissolve the cast alloy, from which the USP precursor was prepared. As a consequence of the incomplete dissolution of the cast alloy and the formation of Pt and Ni complexes, it was found that the complete recycling of the alloy is not possible. A microstructural examination of the synthesised CCNPs showed that round and mostly spherical (not 100%) nanoparticles were formed, with an average diameter of 200 nm. Research has shown that CCNPs belong to the group with medium entropy characteristics. A mechanism for the formation of CCNPs is proposed, based on the thermochemical analysis of element reduction with the help of H2 and based on the mixing enthalpy of binary systems.

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Cao, Fuhua, Yan Chen, Shiteng Zhao, En Ma und Lanhong Dai. „Grain boundary phase transformation in a CrCoNi complex concentrated alloy“. Acta Materialia 209 (Mai 2021): 116786. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2021.116786.

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40

Tsakiropoulos, Panos. „Refractory Metal Intermetallic Composites, High-Entropy Alloys, and Complex Concentrated Alloys: A Route to Selecting Substrate Alloys and Bond Coat Alloys for Environmental Coatings“. Materials 15, Nr. 8 (12.04.2022): 2832. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15082832.

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This paper considers metallic ultrahigh-temperature materials (UHTMs) and the alloying behaviour and properties of alloys and their phases by using maps of the parameters δ (based on atomic size), Δχ (based on electronegativity), and valence electron concentration (VEC), and discusses what connects and what differentiates material groups in the maps. The formation of high-entropy or complex concentrated intermetallics, namely 5-3 silicides, C14 Laves and A15 compounds, and bcc solid solutions and eutectics in metallic UHTMs and their co-existence with “conventional” phases is discussed. The practicality of maps for the design/selection of substrate alloys is deliberated upon. The need for environmental coatings for metallic UHTMs was considered and the design of bond coat alloys is discussed by using relevant maps.

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Leong, Zhaoyuan, Nicola Morley und Russell Goodall. „Dilatational strain biplots against enthalpy of mixing for predicting high-entropy alloys and complex concentrated alloys phase stability“. Materials Chemistry and Physics 262 (April 2021): 124241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2021.124241.

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42

Čížek, J., O. Melikhova, T. Vlasák, P. Hruška, D. Starý und F. Lukáč. „Characterization of lattice distortions in refractory metal complex concentrated alloys using positron annihilation spectroscopy“. Materialia 23 (Juni 2022): 101450. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mtla.2022.101450.

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43

Șerban, Beatrice-Adriana, Ioana-Cristina Badea, Nicolae Constantin, Dumitru Mitrică, Mihai Tudor Olaru, Marian Burada, Ioana Anasiei, Simona-Elena Bejan, Andreea-Nicoleta Ghiță und Ana Maria-Julieta Popescu. „Modeling and Characterization of Complex Concentrated Alloys with Reduced Content of Critical Raw Materials“. Materials 14, Nr. 18 (13.09.2021): 5263. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14185263.

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The continuous development of society has increased the demand for critical raw materials (CRMs) by using them in different industrial applications. Since 2010, the European Commission has compiled a list of CRMs and potential consumption scenarios with significant economic and environmental impacts. Various efforts were made to reduce or replace the CRM content used in the obtaining process of high-performance materials. Complex concentrated alloys (CCAs) are an innovative solution due to their multitude of attractive characteristics, which make them suitable to be used in a wide range of industrial applications. In order to demonstrate their efficiency in use, materials should have improved recyclability, good mechanical or biocompatible properties, and/or oxidation resistance, according to their destination. In order to predict the formation of solid solutions in CCAs and provide the optimal compositions, thermodynamic and kinetic simulations were performed. The selected compositions were formed in an induction furnace and then structurally characterized with different techniques. The empirical results indicate that the obtained CCAs are suitable to be used in advanced applications, providing original contributions, both in terms of scientific and technological fields, which can open new perspectives for the selection, design, and development of new materials with reduced CRM contents.

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Startt, Jacob, Andrew Kustas, Jonathan Pegues, Pin Yang und Rémi Dingreville. „Compositional effects on the mechanical and thermal properties of MoNbTaTi refractory complex concentrated alloys“. Materials & Design 213 (Januar 2022): 110311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2021.110311.

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45

Mitrica, Dumitru, Ioana Cristina Badea, Beatrice Adriana Serban, Mihai Tudor Olaru, Denisa Vonica, Marian Burada, Radu-Robert Piticescu und Vladimir V. Popov. „Complex Concentrated Alloys for Substitution of Critical Raw Materials in Applications for Extreme Conditions“. Materials 14, Nr. 5 (04.03.2021): 1197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14051197.

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The paper is proposing a mini-review on the capability of the new complex concentrated alloys (CCAs) to substitute or reduce the use of critical raw materials in applications for extreme conditions. Aspects regarding the regulations and expectations formulated by the European Union in the most recent reports on the critical raw materials were presented concisely. A general evaluation was performed on the CCAs concept and the research directions. The advantages of using critical metals for particular applications were presented to acknowledge the difficulty in the substitution of such elements with other materials. In order to establish the level of involvement of CCAs in the reduction of critical metal in extreme environment applications, a presentation was made of the previous achievements in the field and the potential for the reduction of critical metal content through the use of multi-component compositions.

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46

Mishra, R. S., S. S. Nene, M. Frank, S. Sinha, K. Liu und S. Shukla. „Metastability driven hierarchical microstructural engineering: Overview of mechanical properties of metastable complex concentrated alloys“. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 842 (November 2020): 155625. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.155625.

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47

Butler, T. M., K. J. Chaput, J. R. Dietrich und O. N. Senkov. „High temperature oxidation behaviors of equimolar NbTiZrV and NbTiZrCr refractory complex concentrated alloys (RCCAs)“. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 729 (Dezember 2017): 1004–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.09.164.

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48

Tsakiropoulos, Panos. „Refractory Metal (Nb) Intermetallic Composites, High Entropy Alloys, Complex Concentrated Alloys and the Alloy Design Methodology NICE—Mise-en-scène † Patterns of Thought and Progress“. Materials 14, Nr. 4 (19.02.2021): 989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14040989.

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The paper reflects on the usefulness of the alloy design methodology NICE (Niobium Intermetallic Composite Elaboration) for the development of new Nb-containing metallic ultra-high-temperature materials (UHTMs), namely refractory metal (Nb) intermetallic composites (RM(Nb)ICs), refractory high entropy alloys (RHEAs) and refractory complex concentrated alloys (RCCAs), in which the same phases can be present, specifically bcc solid solution(s), M5Si3 silicide(s) and Laves phases. The reasons why a new alloy design methodology was sought and the foundations on which NICE was built are discussed. It is shown that the alloying behavior of RM(Nb)ICs, RHEAs and RCCAs can be described by the same parameters. The practicality of parameter maps inspired by NICE for describing/understanding the alloying behavior and properties of alloys and their phases is demonstrated. It is described how NICE helps the alloy developer to understand better the alloys s/he develops and what s/he can do and predict (calculate) with NICE. The paper expands on RM(Nb)ICs, RHEAs and RCCAs with B, Ge or Sn, the addition of which and the presence of A15 compounds is recommended in RHEAs and RCCAs to achieve a balance of properties.

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Kim, Woo Chul, Min Young Na, Heoun Jun Kwon, Young Sang Na, Jong Woo Won, Hye Jung Chang und Ka Ram Lim. „Designing L21-strengthened Al-Cr-Fe-Ni-Ti complex concentrated alloys for high temperature applications“. Acta Materialia 211 (Juni 2021): 116890. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2021.116890.

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50

Luo, Shuncun, Yue Su und Zemin Wang. „Microstructural evolution and mechanisms in additively manufactured AlCrCuFeNix complex concentrated alloys via selective laser melting“. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 870 (Juli 2021): 159443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.159443.

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