Dissertationen zum Thema „Competition“
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1
Svensson, Martina. „Competition within the staffing industry : A study of competition forces, competition strategies and competitive advantage“. Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-15543.
2
Vigren, Andreas. „Competition in Public Transport : Essays on competitive tendering and open-access competition in Sweden“. Doctoral thesis, KTH, Transportvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-217267.
Annotation:
The results of this work show that the cost efficiency of tendered bus services is similar across all Swedish counties, except for the more high-density counties where efficiency is lower. Considerably lower efficiency is also found for contracts with services run in-house by the Public Transport Authority (PTA), compared to when the same service is run by a private actor. With respect to the competitive environment, it was found that many contract design factors have little or no effect on the number of bids that the PTA sees in their tenders. No measure that could be imposed by a single PTA was found to increase the total number of bidders by more than 0.5 bidders. However, the results suggest that PTAs as a collective could try to avoid tendering too many contracts at the same time because this was shown to reduce participation by up to about two bidders. In addition, these studies show that the local competitive environment is important for the PTAs to consider. The way in which contract areas are defined will also affect the participation rate as operators were found to participate in tenders to a lower extent the farther their workplaces are from the contract area. While larger operators appear to be less sensitive with respect to such distances, the fact that smaller operators are, and that they often bid as one unit as members of cooperation companies, makes the competitive environment important. The results suggest that depots could be included in the contract to stimulate participation, but this is by no means the only nor an easy solution. This thesis has also analyzed the entry made in 2015 by MTR Express (MTR) on the Stockholm-Gothenburg railway line. The overall conclusion is that customers are indeed facing lower prices one and a half years after the entry. MTR's prices are on average 100 SEK lower than the incumbent SJ's prices. Furthermore, the analysis shows that the incumbent’s prices have also gone down, by almost 13 percent, following the entry.QC 20171106
3
Montagna, Catia. „Competitive selection and international trade under monopolistic competition“. Thesis, University of Dundee, 1995. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/898c5316-3166-4e96-83cd-126d118fdc88.
Annotation:
The industrial economics and trade theory literatures of Chamberlinian monopolistic competition generally assume homogeneity of technologies between firms and countries. This assumption clashes with the evidence emerging from even a casual observation of the real world where industries including those exposed to international competition are characterized by persistent efficiency gaps both within and across countries.This thesis constructs a monopolistically competitive framework of non-localized competition where inter-firm and inter-country technical heterogeneity is explicitly allowed for and modelled as randomly determined and persistent efficiency gaps.The effects of inter-firm efficiency gaps on the long-run equilibrium of the monopolistic competition model are analyzed. In the presence of cost asymmetries free entry leads to the endogenization of the level of industry efficiency through a competitive selection process whereby more efficient entrants displace less efficient incumbents in the industry. Contrary to the standard model, entry will not drive profits to zero for intramarginal firms and the long-run equilibrium will be characterized by a dispersion of efficiencies, market shares and profits.The implications of technical heterogeneity for international trade have been analyzed by constructing a two country model where an efficiency gap between the two competitors takes the form of a difference in the mean of their efficiency distributions. The results stemming from the analysis differ significantly from the predictions of the standard homogeneous technology model and cast doubt on the widely acknowledged role of trade as a source of industry rationalization. Trade is shown to affect efficiency on two levels and with respect to both the two countries experience asymmetric effects. By unifying the competitive conditions in which firms operate, at the industry level trade modifies the efficiency structure of the population of firms which survive in steady-state.At the firm level, it affects the expected scale of production of firms. These asymmetric efficiency effects generate a pattern of international specialization characterized by asymmetric market shares. The welfare effects of trade are also asymmetrically distributed between the two countries and circumstances are identified in which at least one country experiences a net welfare loss from trade.
4
Fahmida, Zaman Irin. „Wood decaying fungi gain competitive strength through competition“. Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-36444.
5
Capibaribe, Dulce Eleonora Moreira. „Competitive strategies business marketing small bakeries in the face of competition - case studies“. Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2008. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3601.
Annotation:
The competition today has many faces and it has persuaded all kinds of organizations to prepare for the unknown. To broaden your capacity for quick changes or come up with effective and creative initiatives became imperative.
Therefore, the choice of strategy and the making of decisions can implicate in the survival of these companies. Our objective is to propose marketing
strategies to be used by small bakeries, with a goal to obtain competitive advantages. We emphasize also the study of the strategies adopted by these companies, the comparison of these companyâs strategic actions with the
theories advocated by the referred authors and the evaluation of these actions in accordance with the companyâs positioning. The themes of the theoretical referential that substantiated the field research along with the bakeryâs businessmen and managers are associated to the following thematics: strategy and concepts, competitive advantages, strategic positioning and marketing
strategy. The characteristics of the local bakeries and the profile of this sector were themes also studied for the better understanding on the subject. The researched companies are traditional bakeries and are of great economical importance for the region where they are installed. The research allowed us to confirm the unawareness of marketing. It was also verified, that the competition between companies of this sector is very aggressive, and that the companies which adopts marketing strategies do so with competitive advantages in mind. In a general way, it was observed that the elevated growth of the economy makes the changes in strategical behavior of the companies mandatory, which suggests a deeper look in to these questions.A concorrÃncia hoje se apresenta com mÃltiplas faces e tÃm persuadido todo tipo de organizaÃÃo a se preparar para o desconhecido. Ampliar sua capacidade de mudanÃas rÃpidas ou para tomar iniciativas criativas e eficazes se tornou imperativo. Diante disto, a escolha de estratÃgias e as tomadas de decisÃes podem implicar na sobrevivÃncia destas empresas. Temos como objetivo propor estratÃgias de marketing a serem utilizadas por empresas panificadoras de pequeno porte, com a finalidade de obter vantagens competitivas. Enfatizamos tambÃm o estudo das estratÃgias adotadas pelas empresas em questÃo, a comparaÃÃo das aÃÃes estratÃgicas destas com as teorias preconizadas pelos autores referenciados e a avaliaÃÃo destas aÃÃes de acordo com o posicionamento de cada empresa. Os temas do referencial teÃrico que fundamentaram a pesquisa de campo junto aos empresÃrios e gerentes das panificadoras estÃo associados Ãs seguintes temÃticas: estratÃgias e conceitos, vantagens competitivas, posicionamento estratÃgico e as estratÃgias de marketing. As caracterÃsticas das empresas locais de panificaÃÃo e o perfil do setor de panificaÃÃo, tambÃm foram temas estudados para melhor embasamento sobre o assunto. As empresas pesquisadas sÃo panificadoras tradicionais que representam grande importÃncia econÃmica para a regiÃo onde estÃo instaladas. A pesquisa permitiu constatar o desconhecimento de tÃcnicas de marketing. Verificou-se, tambÃm, que a competiÃÃo entre as empresas do setor à bastante acirrada, e que as empresas que adotam as estratÃgias de marketing procuram fazÃ-lo visando vantagens competitivas. De forma geral, observou-se que o elevado crescimento da economia, torna obrigatÃria a mudanÃa de comportamento estratÃgico das empresas o que sugere um aprofundamento destas questÃes.
6
Lin, Ming Hsin. „Hub-airport Competition, Airline Competition and Economic Welfare“. 名古屋大学大学院経済学研究科, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/10706.
7
Apolte, Thomas. „Jurisdictional Competition For Quality Standards: Competition of Laxity?“ Gerhard-Mercator-Universitaet Duisburg, 2001. http://www.ub.uni-duisburg.de/ETD-db/theses/available/duett-12272001-093847/.
Annotation:
Regulatory competition arises where governments mutually accept quality standards in a common market. In a recent paper Hans-Werner Sinn claims that regulatory competition will be subject to market failure and lead to "competition of laxity in a sense that only the lowest possible quality standards survive regulatory competition. In this paper it is shown that these results do not need to follow when some fairly restrictive assumptions of Sinns model are relaxed. First, if his assumption of a large number of small jurisdictions is given up in favor of the assumption that a small number of larger jurisdictions compete for quality standards, then the resulting quality standards will end up above the minimum level, albeit still below an efficient level. If no subsidies are allowed in order to compensate for losses of producers working under strict quality standards, quality standards will generally converge to the level of the jurisdiction with the lowest quality preferences, but not below this level. Another assumption of Sinn is that governmental quality standards cannot better be judged by consumers than product qualities by producers. If this assumption is relaxed, regulatory competition may even be superior to a harmonized quality standard.
8
Ong, Burton T. E. „Competition law and the common law of unfair competition“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0bcf048f-12a6-495d-a7ae-66b307d296df.
Annotation:
Competition between trade rivals in a marketplace operating within a common law-based legal system is regulated primarily by two fairly distinct branches of the law: the prohibitions against anti-competitive conduct imposed by the competition law framework, and the common law restraints against acts of “unfair competition” that attract liability under the economic torts. This dissertation aims to critically examine both these legal frameworks and provide an integrated account of how these branches of the law distinguish between lawful and unlawful modes of competitive conduct. By scrutinising the doctrinal and policy foundations that underlie each of these legal frameworks, common thematic strands that may not be immediately apparent to lawyers working exclusively in either field will be exposed, while fundamental differences between their respective inner workings will also be uncovered in the process. Engaging in such a comparative exercise will facilitate a deeper understanding of the contrasting objectives and jurisprudential approaches associated with each legal framework which, in turn, sheds some light on the nature of their relationship with each other and the extent to which legal developments in one field ought to influence, or be influenced by, the other. Besides evaluating how and why the common law economic torts operate differently from the competition law prohibitions in circumscribing the liberty of individual competitors to inflict economic harm upon their trade rivals, this dissertation will also analyse selected types of commercial conduct which are regarded as lawful under one framework but unlawful by the other, and contrast them with scenarios which could attract overlapping legal liability under both legal frameworks. In addition, this dissertation will explore a selection of legal issues arising from the doctrinal interaction between these areas of the law that may confront the courts as these two legal frameworks continue to develop in tandem with each other.
9
Horsfall, Daniel Gary. „From competition state to competition states? : an empirical exploration“. Thesis, University of York, 2011. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1607/.
Annotation:
The competition state thesis has for twenty years sought to make sense of the profound changes in the global economy and explain the impacts of globalisation on both the nation state and the welfare state. That the thesis is still consistently cited by scholars stands as testament to the power of its central messages and the fact that the authors have revisited and revised their work so as to keep pace with an ever changing world. At a time when governments around the world are implementing ‘austerity budgets’ to address a series of profound financial crises, the core arguments made by Cerny and Evans appear extremely pertinent. Gone they say are the days of the welfare state, created as it was to serve citizens bound by bonds of solidarity forged in the war. Here to stay are the days of the competition state, brought into being to serve the global economy in which citizens exist in a more atomised society, joined to one another by weak bonds of mutuality. While the arguments advanced within the competition state thesis ring true and hold much persuasive power, their focus on only a small collection of nations and the limited body of systematic empirical evidence with which they are supported represent an obvious and addressable flaw. This thesis sets out to provide a rigorous empirical investigation of the competition state and through the use of quantitative and qualitative methods uncovers much to support the work of Cerny and Evans. The competition state can indeed be evidenced through the application of empirical research, but it doesn’t necessarily take the form we might expect. Indeed it does not merely take one form and maybe, just maybe, offers a glimmer of hope for the welfare state it is meant to replace.
10
Tsagkidis, Panagiotis, und Gabriele Blomkvist. „Stay ahead of the competition : How the perception of Competitive Intelligence influences the way Swedish startups are dealing with international competition“. Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-414564.
Annotation:
This thesis is within the field of Competitive Intelligence. The thesis’s main purpose is to investigate how Swedish startups perceive Competitive Intelligence and how their perception influences how they are dealing with international competition in the domestic market. Even though Competitive Intelligence is not a new field, the existing literature over this topic is not very rich, especially regarding startups. In our work, through qualitative research based on eleven semi-structured interviews, with CEOs and founders of startups in Sweden, and a CEO of an Intelligence firm in Sweden, we argue that there are three approaches to Competitive Intelligence from Swedish startups. The competition-centric, the customer-centric and the market-centric approach. Furthermore, we propose that dealing with competition requires startups to establish an intelligence culture that involves everyone, as it enhances their alertness, contributes to the building of a competitive advantage, increases their sales efficiency and lastly using their “insidership” as it is proposed in the revised Uppsala Model, to gather information and deal with the competitors. Finally, from our findings we propose two new classifications in addition to Murphy’s five classifications of firms based on their engagement in Competitive Intelligence activities, “the Hesitant” and “The Arrogant”.
11
Batagelj, Leon. „Competition policy in countries of Central and Eastern Europe : competition in Europe or competition for Europe“. Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81242.
Annotation:
Competition policy is an important tool for assurance of the efficient allocation of resources in functioning market economies. Applicability of modern competition policy to situations in former planned economies, however, raises doubts because of fundamentally different states of competition in such markets. This study analyses development of competition policy in Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic. Particular attention is given to the influence of the EU competition policy in the framework of negotiations for final membership in the EU.This study proposes reassessment of the competition policy of the three countries in order to better tackle the economic complexities of transition to fully functioning market economies. Harmonization of competition policy of the three candidate countries for EU membership with competition policy of the EU assumes appropriateness of EU competition policy for transition situations. Contrary to this assumption, the thesis argues that competition policy in transition should be tailored closely to the needs of transition. Since harmonization of competition law is only an instrument to evaluate whether a candidate country has a functioning market economy that can be integrated in the EU Internal Market, competition policy aimed at better promoting competition should be welcomed.
12
Butt, Joanne. „Exploring Multidimensional Anxiety throughout Competition“. Miami University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1123181095.
13
Oh, Yun-Jin. „Required viola repertoire for the Primrose competition and theTertis competition“. College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3214.
14
Handy, Christopher. „Competition and housing associations : critical success factors in a changing competitive environment“. Thesis, Henley Business School, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395755.
15
Costa-Cabral, Francisco. „Intent in EU competition law : the judical assessment of anti-competitive strategies“. Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2014. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/intent-in-eu-competition-law(2d6172dd-fddc-47eb-859c-f27961e4e738).html.
Annotation:
This research will investigate whether intent plays a role in the application of Articles 101 and 102 TFEU and, if so, whether such role is subordinate to effects or has an autonomous normative character. The methodology for answering this question will start by defining intent under EU competition law. It will be argued that actions by undertakings are interpreted as those of rational agents. This will show that the notion of ‘subjective intent’ and its separation from objective behaviour are misguided. The role of intent will then be analysed with reference to EU competition law goals. Insofar as those goals are understood as purely consequentialist, namely promoting or preventing certain effects, intent can only be used as a proxy for such effects. However, EU competition law will be shown to also apply non-consequentialist moral judgments. Such judgments are the source of the autonomous normative value of intent. That autonomous normative value will then be described with reference to the case law, namely the notions behind the different forms of collusion, restriction of competition, and abuse of dominance. It will be seen that the normative root of anti-competitive behaviour is based on intent, insofar as collusion and abuse represent intent which is potentially offensive to EU competition law principles. Infringements of Articles 101 and 102 further require the application of intent or effects-based tests, represented in the alternative between restrictions by object or effect and in the different types of abuse. Thus, it will be discussed how the doctrinal emphasis on effects has failed to explain significant sections of the case law. It will be concluded that the use of intent is indicative of the normative character of EU competition law, namely a stable judicial system based on principles which conciliates moral intuitions with the paradigms of perfect competition.
16
Kucuk, Muzaffer. „Competition Over World“. Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613787/index.pdf.
Annotation:
This thesis seeks to analyze the role and importance of establishing control
over the world&rsquos oil resources in reproduction of the global hegemonic position of the US. It is asserted that dominant position of US dollar in global financial system has an important place in reproduction of US world hegemony and ensuring that oil transactions are made through US dollar has played an important role in maintaining the dominant position of dollar. It is also argued that secure access to cheap energy resources is of utmost importance for advanced industrialized nations of the world in terms of maintaining their economic growth. In this respect, this thesis portrays US policies and strategies to take world&rsquo
s energy resources under its control and thereby maintain the dollar hegemony and making the advanced industrialized nations of Western Europe and East Asia dependent on US goodwill for secure access to energy. Being an important actor in global energy market, competition and cooperation between Russia and US is also taken into consideration. In this thesis, it is assumed that the US world hegemony is achieved through both cooperation and competition among advanced industrialized states.
17
Bao, Yong Economics Australian School of Business UNSW. „Supply chain competition“. Publisher:University of New South Wales. Economics, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43537.
Annotation:
This thesis studies the influence of horizontal competition on supply chain performance. Unlike most of the existing literature which focuses on horizontal competition between echelon levels, we look at both the supply chain and the individual company??s performance with the presence of supply chain to supply chain competition. Specifically, this thesis is composed of three individual research papers. The first paper deals with chain-to-chain horizontal competition and considers price competition among an arbitrary number of supply chains by comparing two cases. In the first case each supply chain is vertically integrated, while in the second, decentralised, case the manufacturers and retailers act independently. We explore the effect of varying the level of price competition on the profitts of the industry participants and demonstrate the important role played by the spread of underlying market shares. The coefficient of variation of these market shares determines whether decentralised supply chains can outperform integrated supply chains with an appropriate level of competition. The second and third papers focus on in-chain horizontal competition with capacity constraints. In the second paper, we look at a supply chain with one manufacturer and two downstream retailers. Based on total capacity available, the manufacturer needs to find ways to best use the capacity by determining whether or not to release the capacity information to retailers. The third paper looks at competition in a more complicated supply chain structure. A retailer buys three brands of products from two manufacturers. One manufacturer produces both branded and private label products, and the other one manufactures a branded product only. With our model, we are able to determine the profits of each supply chain agent. At the end of the paper, we use data from the Australian milk industry and discuss a problem in which a manufacturer needs to decide how to allocate capacity between the national brand and the private label when there is a capacity shortage.
18
Canedy, Nicholas P. „Equestrian Competition Center“. Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36241.
Annotation:
This thesis explores the possibilities of using varied long span glue-laminated
arches to create a dynamic structural enclosure over an expansive open surface.
It investigates using arches that increase and decrease in height and span width,
while varying in their lean. When combined with a fabric enclosure, they create a
roof that constantly changes. The idea is to create a world class equestrian center
that is visually exciting from both the interior and exterior, rather than simply
creating a large scale version of a barn.Master of Architecture
19
Al, Badwawi Saif Ahmad. „Does the new competition law ensure fair competition in the UAE?“ Thesis, Southampton Solent University, 2013. http://ssudl.solent.ac.uk/3487/.
Annotation:
Competition law has become an important legal tool as it plays a significant role in preventing different forms of anti-competitive behaviour and ensures fair competition in the market. For this purpose, the United Arab Emirates has adopted its first comprehensive competition law, named “UAE Federal Law No. 4 of 2012 Concerning Regulating Competition”, to be enforced from 23rd February 2013. The law contains 33 Articles regulating competition in all commercial sectors. This research aims to investigate the UAE competition law in order to answer the main question, which is to what extent does the new law ensure fair competition in the commercial field of the country. It examines the flaws and drawbacks in the competition law and the enforcement mechanism. The research suggests the reforms required to improve the law and the way this could be accomplished. In order to answer the main question, the research applies two main methods, which are the black letter approach and the socio-legal approach. In addition, the research will employ the interview approach. Different issues were found in the UAE competition law in the areas of anti-competitive agreements, abuse of dominant position, mergers and acquisitions, state aid, and enforcement. The findings demonstrate that evidence exists of anti-competitive behaviour in the market, such as monopolistic practices and abuse of dominant position. Furthermore, there is evidence of inadequate implementation of the law against many market players, such as state-owned undertakings. From the findings, the role of the Competition Regulation Committee seems to be weak and inadequate, and there are some conflicts with the role and the Ministry of Economy. Some recommendations have been suggested for policy reform and enhancement of the law and its upcoming regulations. It is hoped that the findings of this research will provide a framework for the UAE and the countries in the region that seek to have more competitive markets. This study is the first to address the competition law of the UAE, thus this study contributes to the understanding of the law and its application, and it is hoped it will add to knowledge in the field of competition law. Furthermore, based on the evidence, the research concludes by suggesting a number of implications and potential future research avenues.
20
Pennerstorfer, Dieter. „Can Competition Keep the Restrooms Clean? Price, Quality and Spatial Competition“. Elsevier, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2017.02.005.
Annotation:
This article investigates the influence of competition on price and product quality among Austrian camping sites, a market characterized by both horizontal (spatial) and vertical product differentiation. Theoretically, the effect of competition on quality is ambiguous and depends on the degree of cost substitutability between output and quality. Estimating a system of equations shows that intense competition has a positive impact on product quality and a negative effect on prices (conditional on quality). As high quality is associated with high prices, the total effect of competition on prices is rather small.
21
Carugati, Christophe. „Competition law and economics of big data : a new competition rulebook“. Thesis, Paris 2, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA020003.
Annotation:
Cette thèse aborde les enjeux du Big Data en droit de la concurrence en trois chapitres. Le chapitre un propose de nouveaux outils économiques pour définir le marché pertinent et le pouvoir de marché dans l’économie axée sur les données. Il soutient la nécessité de réformer le marché pertinent et le pouvoir de marché en considérant de nouveaux outils et un ensemble de facteurs à prendre en compte pour le pouvoir de marché. Le chapitre deux propose de nouvelles analyses économiques et juridiques pour des fusions et pratiques anticoncurrentielles axées sur les données. Il étudie les sujets de premiers plans relatifs à l’intégration de la vie privée dans l’évaluation des fusions et pratiques antitrust, les ententes par algorithmes et les fusions préventives. Il soutient la nécessité d’intégrer la vie privée dans toutes les affaires de fusions et de pratiques anticoncurrentielles liées aux données puisque les données impliquent nécessairement des questions relatives à la vie privée et à la protection des données. Finalement, le chapitre trois propose de réguler l’économie numérique. Il démontre que l’économie est très concentrée et que les marchés ne peuvent pas corriger par eux-mêmes les défaillances du marché. Il analyse les recommandations émanant des rapports commissionnés par les gouvernements (Furman et al, Crémer et al, Schallbruch et al, ACCC report et Stigler report) et il discute et envisage d’autres propositions originalesThis thesis addresses Big Data issues in competition law in three chapters. Chapter one proposes new economic tools to define the relevant market and the market power in the data-driven economy. It argues the need to reform the relevant market and the market power by considering new tools and a menu of key features relevant to the market power. Chapter two proposes new law and economics analysis for data-driven antitrust and merger practices. It considers debated topics related to the integration of privacy in the assessment of antitrust and merger practices, algorithmic collusion and pre-emptive mergers. It argues the need to integrate privacy in any data-driven antitrust and merger practices as data imply necessarily privacy and data protection issues. Finally, chapter three proposes to regulate the digital economy. It demonstrates that the economy is highly concentrated and that the markets cannot correct themselves market failures. It analyzes recommendations from the government reports (Furman et al, Crémer et al, Schallbruch et al, ACCC report, and Stigler report) and It proposes and discusses other original proposals
22
Njoroge, Anne. „Regulation of dominant firms in South Africa“. Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25618.
Annotation:
This research report considers how dominant firms can establish when their competitive strategies are not anti-competitive. It argues that a dominant firm‟s actions can either be pro-competitive, thus conduct which competition law is designed to protect; or, anti-competitive and therefore prohibited. It questions whether there are any key principles that are emerging from South African competition law practice and decided cases that can provide some guidelines to dominant firms on whether planned action is prohibited conduct? It also questions whether the enforcement of the South African Competition Act‟s abuse of dominance provisions may have led to the chilling of competition. The research utilised the following methodologies: expert interviews; case studies; and, review of the competition authorities‟ enforcement actions. The report concludes that abuse of dominance cases are highly fact-intensive, industry specific and outcomes are effects-based. As such, it is difficult to prescribe a general rules-based compliance program to guide dominant firms in their development of competitive strategies. CopyrightDissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
unrestricted
23
McPhee, Christopher Scott. „Investigation of the interaction between root competition and shoot competition in plants“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ36059.pdf.
24
Glader, Marcus. „Innovation markets and competition analysis : EU competition law and US antitrust law /“. Lund : Faculty of Law, Lund Univ, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/476526825.pdf.
25
Reavely, R. Scott. „A theology of competition“. Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1992. http://www.tren.com.
26
Esteve, González Patricia. „Competition in nonmarket environments“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/127110.
Annotation:
This doctoral thesis analyses competitive situations in which public institutions are involved and evaluates public institutions from three different perspectives. The first contribution analyses a regular activity of public institutions, procurement of services, in which there is a potential moral hazard problem. A public institution should bias future competitions in favour to the past winner who performs a high quality service, and that this bias should be additive. When the linearity is reduced a bit, the moral hazard problem is less severe. However, if the linearity is reduced too much, the advantage of the past winner disappears and biasing the contest can be counterproductive. The second contribution regards how public institutions can change a reality: disadvantage of minorities. Some affirmative action policies establish that a set of disadvantaged competitors has access to an extra prize. We find that an extra prize is a powerful tool to ensure participation of disadvantaged agents and this tool can be established purely on efficiency grounds when the disadvantage of the minority is not too severe. The third contribution studies agents’ perception of public institutions for the case of political parties in member countries of the European Union (EU). We find that economic factors, in addition to ideological and electoral motives, are determinants of partisan support to European integration. This support, which has grown in recent periods, depends on the distribution among member countries of the benefits from the EU and the specific economic situation of the each political party’s country.Aquesta tesi doctoral avalua les institucions públiques en situacions competitives des de tres perspectives diferents. La primera contribució analitza una activitat ordinària de les institucions públiques, la contractació de serveis, on hi ha un problema de risc moral potencial. Una institució pública hauria d’esbiaixar les competicions futures a favor del guanyador passat si aquest va realitzar un servei d’alta qualitat, i aquest biaix hauria de ser additiu. Quan la linearitat es redueix lleugerament, el problema de risc moral és menys sever. Tanmateix, si la linearitat es redueix massa, l’avantatja del guanyador passat desapareix. Llavors, esbiaixar el concurs pot ser contra productiu. La segona contribució considera com les institucions públiques poden canviar una realitat: el desavantatge de minories. Algunes polítiques de discriminació positiva estableixen que un conjunt de competidors amb desavantatge té accés a un premi addicional. Els nostres resultats mostren que un premi addicional és una eina poderosa per garantir la participació dels agents amb desavantatge i aquesta eina pot ser establerta només sobre fonaments d’eficiència si el desavantatge de la minoria no és molt sever. La tercera contribució estudia la percepció que tenen els individus de les institucions públiques pel cas de partits polítics en països membres de la Unió Europea. Els nostres resultats mostren que els factors econòmics, a més a més dels factors ideològics i electorals, són determinants del suport dels partits polítics envers la integració europea. Aquest suport, que ha anat creixent en períodes recents, depèn de la distribució dels beneficis de la Unió Europea entre els països membres i de la situació econòmica particular del país de cada partit polític.
27
Fumagalli, Chiara. „Oligopoly models and competition“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7600.
Annotation:
Esta tesis estudia el comportamiento estratégico de las empresas en mercados oligopolísticos y su interacción con otros agentes como compradores potenciales y autoridades públicas.
En el Capítulo 2 se estudia si la distribución de recursos financieros internos hecha por el mercado de capitulos internos de un grupo industrial permite a las divisiones competir en el mercado del producto de una manera diferente a las empresas individuales.
Se prueba que la subsidiación hecha por la "casa madre" no hace necesariamente la división un competidor más fuerte. Pero, la subsidiación proteger la división de un grupo industrial cuando entre en un mercado en relación con acciones estratégicas de empresas rivales ya presentes en el mercado. Se prueba que eso puede ser una ventaja para la división, pero también un coste. En fin, el mercado de capitales interno crea un ligamen financiero entre divisiones que operan en mercados totalmente dependientes y permite al grupo industrial de extender su poder monopolístico de un mercado a otro.
En el Capítulo 3 se prueba que el fraccionamiento de los compradores puede impedir la entrada en un mercado donde ya es presente una empresa y el entrante potencial es más eficiente. En este caso la concentración de los compradores puede favorecer la entrada eliminando el problema de falta de coordinación. Además se estudia si existe un mecanismo que puede solucionar el problema.
En el Capítulo 4 se estudian los efectos de la competencia entre naciones o regiones para la localización de una empresa multinacional. Se asume que una región (más pobre) obtiene más beneficios de la localización de la empresa. Pero la empresa prefiere localizarse en la otra región, si los incentivos ofertas son iguales. En esta situación, la competencia entre regiones a través de incentivos puede mejorar el bienestar agregado en comparación con una política que impide la oferta de incentivos porque permite a la región que más necesita la localización de la empresa de conseguirla. Además se comparan los efectos cuando, en ausencia de incentivos, la empresa exporta y cuando la empresa invierte en una de las regiones.
28
Mittermaier, Ferdinand. „Essays on policy competition“. kostenfrei, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1000470946/34.
29
Yu, Yat-sze Holly. „Competition in newspaper retails“. Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2003. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31954601.
30
Zanaj, Skerdilajda. „Competition in successive oligopolies“. Université catholique de Louvain, 2008. http://edoc.bib.ucl.ac.be:81/ETD-db/collection/available/BelnUcetd-04222008-124532/.
Annotation:
Successive markets constitute a natural framework to study the value chain. This chain is built through the technological linkage between markets where inputs and the corresponding outputs are produced. If goods pass through a chain of imperfectly competitive markets, in excess of the value markups are also added, at each step, to the costs. This thesis firstly proposes a unified framework to analyze competition in successive oligopolies. Analyzing and developing such a general framework forms a basis for the analysis of entry of new firms and of collusive agreements in the same market, like horizontal mergers, or through different markets, like vertical integration. The results bring new insights on equilibrium outcomes of both collusive agreements and entry of new firms.
31
Mittermaier, Ferdinand. „Essays on Policy Competition“. Diss., lmu, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-111495.
32
Hsieh, Kai-Yu. „The Structure of Competition“. Thesis, London Business School (University of London), 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487449.
Annotation:
This dissertation examines the structural patterns of interfirm competitive relationships using network analysis - a set of methods originally developed for analyzing the structure of social ties. The author views each firm in a multimarket space as facing a 'competitive network,' which consists of all market competitors of the ego firm and all competitive relationships associated with these competitors. Each competitive network has a structure, delineating how a firm's competitors interact with the ego firm, with one another, and with other market actors whom the ego firm does not directly encounter. The author develops and tests a new theory on competitive network structures, showing that a firm's conducts and performance are dependent upon the structure of its competitive network.
33
Englund, Göran. „Competition in caddis larvae“. Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 1992. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-101356.
Annotation:
This thesis deals with behavioural strategies used by caddis larvae in pairwise contests and when selecting microhabitats. Effects of caddis larvae on survival and habitat selection of other insect taxa have also been studied. The behaviours used by Arctopsyche ladogensis larvae fighting for nets, and Agrypnia pagetana larvae fighting for cases, agreed well with predictions from the sequential assessment game, which is an ESS model of animal fighting behaviour. Establishment by net-spinning Hydropsyche siltalai larvae on artificial substrates was highest at intermediate densities of residents. Emigration/mortality was density independent, and it was higher at a poor site (low food availability) than at a rich site. Establishment was unaffected by site quality. Growth was density dependent because larvae in upstream positions reduced both current velocity and concentration of food particles for larvae in downstream positions. A field experiment involved manipulations of the density of H. siltalai larvae and their nets in a lake outlet stream. H. siltalai larvae affected all abundant taxa, but the mechanism involved varied between taxa. Rhyacophila nubila (Trichoptera) and chironomid larvae benefited from the presence of H. siltalai nets. Negative effects on nymphs of the mayfly Ephemerella ignita were due to predation by H. siltalai larvae, while a combination of predation and increased emigration in response to nets depressed densities of Simulium truncatum blackfly larvae.Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 1992, härtill 5 uppsatser
digitalisering@umu
34
Yu, Yat-sze Holly, und 余逸詩. „Competition in newspaper retails“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31954601.
35
Coles, Heather E. „Essays in competition policy“. Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433916.
Annotation:
The chapters of this thesis are driven by contemporary competition policy questions. Although each chapter is self-standing, they all concern the effect of mergers on competition and pricing. To date one chapter is complete, it includes a theoretical model which determines the competitive effects of mergers across hub-and-spoke networks. The analysis put forward in this thesis upgrade forms the basis of a 2°d chapter. It translates recent theoretical insights on tacit collusion and asymmetries onto a graph, which can be used to identify those mergers most likely to result in coordinated effects. A sample of 73 merger cases investigated by the European Competition Commission is drawn on, and their model of tacit coordination unravelled. A third chapter will follow from this analysis and will incorporate an in-depth case study of a market where collective dominance was a competition concern. It will examine how the market has evolved since intervention and test whether the empirical evidence is consistent with the theory.
36
Connolly, Thomas. „Competition in variety trials“. Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1476.
37
Creed, Joel Christopher. „Intraspecific competition in seaweeds“. Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333704.
38
Spillards, D. M. „Studies of plant competition“. Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.232927.
39
Katzir, Roni (Roni A. ). „Structural competition in grammar“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45899.
Annotation:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (p. 141-148).
This thesis makes the following three claims: (1) Competition exists in natural language: the grammaticality (and meaning) of using a linguistic object 0 can be affected by the grammaticality (and meaning) of a different linguistic object [phi]' (2) Structure plays a role in competition: [phi]' can only affect the grammaticality (and meaning) of [phi]' of [phi]' and [phi]' are structurally related (in particular, if [phi]' is no more complex than [phi]' (3) Simpler is better: if 0 is strictly more complex than [phi]', and if the two are equally good otherwise, q will be blocked by [phi]' The first claim is the most general and the least controversial. It adds little to what is commonly accepted in the domains of conversational implicature, focus alternatives, morphological blocking, and economy conditions in syntax and semantics. Chapter 1 presents background on some of the issues regarding this general claim. The second claim is more controversial. Most work on implicature has treated considerations of structural complexity as unimportant or downright orthogonal to conversational reasoning. In the domain of focus alternatives structure has been occasionally used (in particular, below the word level), but argued to be irrelevant otherwise. In Chapter 2 I will present a case study that shows that, at least sometimes, reference to structure (specifically to structural complexity) is necessary. Chapter 3, jointly written with Danny Fox, discusses a remaining question about the use of alternatives for implicature and provides arguments for a parallel treatment of implicature and focus, as well as for a constraint on the ability of contextual relevance to remove a formal alternative from the set of actual alternatives. In Chapter 4 I discuss certain cases of morphological blocking that cannot be based solely on structural pruning. For the patterns to be accounted for, a direct preference for simpler structures must be active in the grammar.
by Roni Katzir.
Ph.D.
40
Tassano, Velaochaga Hebert Eduardo. „Competition and utility regulation“. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/116247.
Annotation:
With the entry into force of the Constitution of Peru of 1993, the economic model of social market economy, which was accompanied by an institutional reform, creating four (4) regulators of utilities and one (1) competition agency, was established. The economic model of social market economy, guarantees free competition in the market as a general rule, establishing a regulatory framework for public services that before the reform, were managed directly by the State. Thus, in this paper we will learn how to set up the Peruvian institutional framework and what are the main similarities and differences between competition and regulation, for which we will detail the functions of the competition agency and regulatory bodies as well as interaction between the two.Con la entrada en vigencia de la Constitución Política del Perú de 1993, se estableció el modelo económico de economía social de mercado. Como parte del mismo, se realizaron una serie de reformas institucionales del Estado, creándose cuatro organismos reguladores de los servicios públicos y una agencia de competencia. El modelo económico de economía social de mercado garantiza la libre competencia en el mercado como regla general, estableciendo un marco regulatorio para los servicios públicos que, antes de la reforma, eran gestionados directamente por el Estado. Así, en el presente trabajo podremos conocer cómo se ha establecido el marco institucional peruano y cuáles son las principales similitudes y diferencias de la competencia y la regulación, para lo que detallaremos las funciones de la agencia de competencia y la de los organismos reguladores, así como la interacción que existe entre ambos.
41
Гай, В. „Innovation and competition policy“. Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2006. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/21785.
42
Калайчев, Г. В. „Microsoft malware prediction competition“. Thesis, ХНУРЕ, 2020. http://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/12127.
Annotation:
Основна мета цієї роботи - показати способи підготовки обсягу даних, побудова класифікаційної моделі на величезному наборі даних та оцінка отриманої моделі на тестових даних. Початкова проблема, яка була вирішена в цій роботі, була взята з Microsoft Malware Prediction Competition з сайту Kaggle. Ця проблема відповідає меті, оскільки навчальний набір даних містить різні типи функцій для попередньої обробки та 9 мільйонів рядків.
43
Meuter, Linda Cathleen. „Redescribing competition in education /“. Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7809.
44
Callander, Steven Banks Jeffrey S. Banks Jeffrey S. McKelvey Richard. „Voting and electoral competition /“. Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 2002. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-01252008-133155.
45
Srinivasan, Shweta. „Acquisitions and Foreign Competition“. Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/555941.
Annotation:
I provide evidence on the impact of foreign competition on firms' propensities to engage in mergers and acquisitions. Using import tariff reductions as an exogenous shock that increases foreign industry competition, I find that affected firms are more likely to make acquisitions following a tariff reduction. Cross-sectional tests show that this association is more pronounced for single segment firms, firms that innovate less, or that are more capital intensive, which suggests this association is stronger for firms which stand to gain more from an acquisition. Moreover, the positive relationship between acquisition likelihood and tariff cuts is less pronounced for financially constrained firms and during times of low capital liquidity, which implies that it is easier for firms with greater access to external capital to respond to increases in foreign competition by making acquisitions. Finally, I find that acquisitions made subsequent to tariff decreases are associated with positive wealth gains for bidder shareholders, indicating that these acquisitions are viewed favorably by market participants.
46
Khimich, Aleksandra. „Essays in competition policy“. Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU10008/document.
Annotation:
Dommage économique causé par les cartels: une évaluation pour les pays en voie de développement (En collaboration avec Marc IVALDI, L'École d'économie de Toulouse et CEPR et Frédéric JENNY, ESSEC Business School, Paris) : La détection et la sanction des cartels reste toujours d'une grande importance pour les autorités de la concurrence développées en raison d'une compréhension claire de leur danger potentiel, et donc des avantages de leur dissuasion. Néanmoins, les pays en développement ont souvent du mal à créer ou à renforcer leur autorité de la concurrence - l'exécution d'une division antitrust est coûteuse et la preuve à l'appui concernant les avantages potentiels est toujours manquante. Présente étude fournit la preuve quantitative manquante. Elle propose une évaluation du dommage économique total causé par les cartels en termes de chiffre d'affaires affecté par les pratiques collusoires ainsi qu'en termes de profits excessifs des ententes découlant de surcharge des consommateurs. Les résultats suggèrent que le préjudice économique totale estimé en termes de profits excessifs divisés par le PIB correspondant peut atteindre jusqu’à 1%. En outre, comme la probabilité annuelle maximale de découvrir une entente déjà existante est estimée à environ 24%, il est suggéré que le dommage économique réel dépasse nos estimations, au moins quatre fois. / Évaluation de la précision des outils proposés dans les lignes directrices sur les fusions (En collaboration avec Marc Ivaldi, L'École d'économie de Toulouse et CEPR et Jérôme Foncel, EQUIPPE, Université de Lille) : Présente étude propose une évaluation complète de la précision de deux outils proposés par les lignes directrices sur les fusions les plus avancés - le critère traditionnel HHI et un plus récent UPP - et défini les conditions économiques qui favorisent les prédictions trompeuses. Les simulations de Monte-Carlo sont utilisées pour créer des économies qui sont utilisés pour mesurer les effets des fusions et d'évaluer la performance des outils d'évaluation choisis. Les résultats suggèrent que le test HHI à une capacité très faible de déterminer le potentiel de l'augmentation des prix lorsqu'il est appliqué à un marché de produits différenciés. Dans son tour, le test UPP peut aussi être très trompeur, même si l'on a une information parfaite sur les principaux ingrédients nécessaires pour le calculer. L’étude démontre que certains d'erreurs de type I et de type II se produit parce que les tests de type UPP par construction ne tiennent pas compte de la ‘pression’ sur le prix subie par le partenaire de fusion. Elle aussi explique comment ce dernier peut être réglé en tenant compte du degré de transmission croisé correspondant. / Le rôle du degré de transmission croisé dans les évaluations des fusions : Présente étude démontre que l'ignorance de l’effet de transmission croisé, et en particulier de son signe, peut conduire à des conclusions erronées dans presque toutes les étapes d’évaluation d’une fusion, y compris la procédure de définition du marché et l'évaluation des effets coordonnés et unilatéraux. Par conséquent, l’étude aussi offre un examen des propriétés de l'ensemble de la matrice des degrés de transmission dans un cadre suffisamment général et en même temps plus pratique pour les concentrations horizontales et tire les caractéristiques exactes des systèmes d'offre et de demande qui affectent le signe du degré de transmission croiséCartels Damages to the Economy: An Assessment for Developing Countries (Joint with Marc IVALDI, Toulouse School of Economics and CEPR and Frédéric JENNY, ESSEC Business School, Paris) : The detection and sanction of cartels traditionally remains of a high importance for developed anti-trust authorities because of a clear understanding of their potential harm, and therefore of the potential benefits of their deterrence. Nevertheless, developing countries often struggle to create or reinforce their competition authority - running an antitrust division is costly and the supportive evidence concerning the potential benefits is still missing. Present study provides the missing quantitative evidence. It offers an assessment of the aggregate economic harm caused by cartels in developing countries measured in terms of sales affected by collusive practices as well as in terms of cartel excess profits arising from overcharging consumers. The results suggest that the aggregate economic damage estimated in terms of cartels’ excess profits can reach almost 1% when divided by the corresponding GDP. Furthermore, as the maximal annual probability of uncovering an already existing cartel is estimated to be around 24%, it is suggested that the actual economic harm exceeds our estimations at least fourfold. / Assessing the accuracy of merger guidelines’ screening tools (Joint with Marc Ivaldi, Toulouse School of Economics and Jérôme Foncel, EQUIPPE, University of Lille) : Present study offers a comprehensive assessment of the accuracy of two tools proposed by the most advanced merger guidelines - the traditional HHI test and a more recent UPP test- and attempts to define the economic conditions that favor misleading predictions. Monte-Carlo simulations are used to create economies that are further employed to measure the effects of mergers and to evaluate the performance of the chosen evaluation tools. Results suggest that the HHI test being applied to a market with differentiated products has a very weak performance. In its’ turn, the UPP test can also be quite misleading, even if one has perfect information on the main ingredients needed to compute it. It appears that some of type-I and type-II errors occur because the UPP-like tests by construction ignore the pricing pressure experienced by the merging partner. We demonstrate how this can be fixed by taking into account the corresponding cross pass-through rate. / The role of the cross pass-through effects in merger analysis : Present study demonstrates that the ignorance of the cross pass-through effect, and particularly of its sign, can lead to misleading conclusions in almost all stages of merger investigations, including the market definition procedure and the assessment of coordinated and unilateral effects. It offers an examination of the properties of the pass-through matrix in a sufficiently general framework that is convenient for horizontal merger analysis and derives the exact characteristics of both the demand and supply systems that affect the sign of the cross pass-through
47
Channagiri, Ajit Tejaswi. „COMPETITION, STATUS AND MARKETS“. UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/management_etds/11.
Annotation:
Extant research within competitive dynamics recognizes a positive relationship between high levels of competitive activity and firm performance, but the cognitive and psychological antecedents to competitive activity are far less clearly understood. I explore the role of a specific psychological antecedent - status, in impacting firms’ motivations to launch competitive moves against rivals. The key question, which extant literature does not seem fully equipped to answer, is when and under exactly what circumstances lower-status firms become motivated to launch action against higher-status ones and vice-versa. I use the stimulus-response model in social cognition to build theory which helps to answer the question by considering structural properties of market engagement. The specific structural property of market engagement that I focus on is market commonality, or the extent to which a rival is a significant player in markets important to a focal firm. I predict that a rival’s market commonality with a focal firm and its status relative to the focal firm have independent and positive effects on the extent to which the focal firm pays attention to the rival, that a rival’s market commonality with a focal firm and its status relative to the focal firm interact negatively to predict the focal firm’s motivation to launch action against that rival, and that a rival’s relative status and market commonality with a focal firm interact positively to predict the extent to which the focal firm pays attention to the rival. I test theory through a field study on gourmet food trucks in Lexington and an experiment through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk tool. Results provide broad support for the hypotheses. Three consequences follow from my study – that high-status firms are likely to come under attack from lower-status firms with whom they do not compete in markets, that they are unlikely to be paying attention to those lower-status firms when first attacked, and that they are likely to become aware of and motivated to act against those lower-status firms only after the lower-status firms have occupied key markets. My study contributes to the literatures in competitive dynamics, status, multi-market contact, and entrepreneurial action.
48
Parker, Linda L. „Competition and Academic Entitlement“. ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3409.
Annotation:
In a university or college setting, academic entitlement occurs when a student thinks that he or she may deserve an acknowledgement that has not been earned. By understanding the potential contributions, negative effects on the student, faculty, and administration can be avoided. Using the social learning theory and cognitive evaluation theory as the framework, the purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between competition, an activity in which only one or several will win a contest or accolade. Amazon's Mechanical Turk was used for the recruitment of 552 students residing in the United States, from freshman to doctorate level. Academic entitlement was the dependent variable, while competition was the independent variable. Gender, year in school and ethnicity were covariates and a multiple regression was used to analyze the data. The results of the study showed a positive relationship between competition and academic entitlement. There was a negative relationship between the year in school and academic entitlement, while there was no significant relationship between year in school and competition. There was no significant gender difference in the level of academic entitlement or competition by gender. Finally, there was no significant difference in level of academic entitlement, competition, and ethnicity. This study contributes to positive social change by helping faculty, administration, and parents to assist students in avoiding academic entitlement behaviors, which on a long-term level can have a negative impact on the all stakeholders. Faculty, administration, parents, and students can use this study as a way to discuss specific ideas for helping the student avoid academic entitlement.
49
Santucci, Laura. „Banks, stability and competition“. Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/3043.
Annotation:
2016 - 2017The importance of financial institutions as pivotal for the economy is largely acknowledged. Since they provide specific services, such as issuing loans and collecting deposits, and perform a number of peculiar functions, including maturity transformation and risk diversification, banks and financial intermediaries are often referred to as “special”. However, the risks they face are special as well. Being extremely leveraged institutions, banks walk on a very thin thread and, considering that they are nowadays world-wide connected, instability can rapidly spread over the system, even affecting the real economy. Therefore, traditional economic rules are not entirely suitable for banks, which require a particular attention from regulatory authorities and academics. This thesis focuses on two areas of remarkable importance, namely financial stability and banking competition, and develops within three chapters, as explained below. The aim of Chapter 1 is to highlight the relevance of financial stability and competition, also asking why regulators are extremely concerned about the two topics. The second and third chapters, then, start from the above premises with a specific focus on the Italian system. This is the backbone of the thesis: Italy is full of specificities, sometimes difficult to understand completely. Nonetheless, it is desirable that these specificities are protected and encouraged, since, very often, they have proven to be a strength... [edited by Author]
XVI n.s. (XXX ciclo)
50
Yates, George C. (George Cochrane). „A Comprehensive Competitive Advantage Construct: Its Theory and Operationalization“. Thesis, University of North Texas, 1991. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332834/.
Annotation:
Competitive advantage (CA) is an intuitively evident concept which has been widely used in theoretical research in strategy. But CA's diffuse image and its dynamic nature make it a difficult concept to apply. The purpose of this study was to develop a comprehensive (or macro) CA construct capable of being applied in an empirical manner across a broad spectrum of business situations. This objective required both an adequate grounding of the CA concept within its nomological- net of theories and a new operationalization approach.