Dissertationen zum Thema „Communication spatiale“
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Busson, Anthony Claude. „Modélisation spatiale des réseaux“. Paris, ENST, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ENST0036.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDesjardins, Pauline. „L'organisation spatiale du corridor du Canal de Lachine au 19e siècle“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ47606.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLyonnet, Bastien. „Diversité spatiale et compensation Doppler en communication sous-marine sur signaux large-bandes“. Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00664710.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLecourtois, Caroline. „De la communication sur l'espace : espace conçu et espace perçu de l'architecture et de l'urbanisme“. Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100061.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIf we examine the tools of physical space description, architecturology scales can help to form architecturology interpretation. This scientific point of view, if we can apply it on a particular space, conducted to constitute of it a model in terms of pertinent cognitive design operations. If the space can be describing with the learned words of the architecturology research worker, the conceptualization, which is resulting from this perception, is rendering a representation of the space considered as a conceived space. But perceived space and conceived space are not the same. The architecturology quality as a perceived operation of pertinent measure will help to get the appearance that the perceived space seams to be real for people. So, the architecturology quality is for a perception space what architecturology scale is for a conception space : two cognitive operations of given measures for a urban or architectural conceived and perceived space conceptualization
Lauret, Gérard. „Représentation en architecture et image informatique“. Paris 8, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA081081.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleArchitecture is a big consumer of pictures and representation. Do the new technologies, and in particular synthesis pictures bring a new method of representation, or do they inscribe themselves in the following of old manners ? an approach historical, technical and philosophical, who is setting the specificity of architecture and new technological instrument, and define the place of synthesis pictures in the representation of building in architecture
Yang, Guowei. „Systèmes de communication optique aérienne utilisant la diversité spatiale: analyse de performances en considérant des évanouissements corrélés“. Ecole centrale de Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ECDM0005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThieltges, Hélène. „Distribution spatiale, stabilité et perception des dialectes chez deux espèces d’oiseaux guyanais (Cacicus cela et Cacicus haemorrhous)“. Thesis, Rennes 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN1S169/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNumerous studies of dialects opened new perspectives on the origin, sustained presence and function of dialects in oscine birds. Three hypotheses have been proposed: the historical model (dialects would be by-products of vocal learning), the racial specialization model (dialects would be due to genetic differences between populations) and the social adaptation model (dialects would result from socially adaptive learning processes). Yellow-rumped caciques (Cacicus cela) have been a pioneer model for evidencing social dialects. Paradoxically, dialects have been indicated as absent in the closely related species red-rumped caciques (Cacicus haemorrhous). This study aims to verify the existence of dialects in C. cela, seek after the presence of dialects in C. haemorrrhous, study their spatial distribution and temporal stability, and test experimentally (in C. cela) their differential perception by colony members. The whole study was performed in French Guyana at nesting colonies. We measured timing and frequency acoustic parameters of short songs produced by males of both species during several years. We conducted experiments at colonies where we played back songs from different dialects. We found a colonial “short song” similar to that of C. cela in C. haemorrhous. We confirmed the presence of neighboring colony dialects in C. cela and we demonstrated their presence for the first time in C. haemorrhous. Dialects in both species show a fast temporal variation, with different dialects every year at the same place (difference more pronounced in C. cela). C. cela birds discriminate the dialects of their own colony from those of far distant origin. They notably answer the latter by voicing the first note of their short song. These results are in favor of the hypothesis of social adaptation for dialects in these two Cacicus species
Gonguet-Mestre, Catherine. „L'axe durancien à l'amont de Pont Mirabeau : analyse spatiale et effets d'axe de communication en développement“. Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX10087.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGouédard, Catherine. „Espace et langage : conceptualisations et malentendus dans la conception d'un trajet par téléphone entre de jeunes aveugles“. Paris 8, 2006. http://octaviana.fr/document/137814593#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVerbal communication in route-finding is a way to study the relationship between space representation and language representation. We examine it through the interaction of twenty dyads made of blind young people, a guide and an explorer : one of them is familiar of the space and the other is not. They can communicate by cellulars. We analyse the dialogs at distance, in order to catch up the representation expressed in the dynamic of space and interaction. We identify critical competences between two very contrasted couples all over the route, and then we study in detail four critical episodes characterized by misunderstandings and their eventual solvings. Uncertainty, disagreement, and misunderstanding made respective conceptualizations of both partner accessible. The observed phenomena illustrate the complex gap existing between operatory invariants and language and how resources emerge to face problematic situations
Nguyen, Khoa-Van. „Technologie binaurale et contexte de réalité virtuelle : études perceptives et optimisation“. Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066589.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBinaural synthesis is a spatialization technique for headphone listening. It relies on the Head Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs) encoding the auditory space in a unique way for each individual and allows to virtually position an auditory source at any location in space. Binaural synthesis was developed and tested only considering the auditory perception. In this thesis, binaural synthesis is used in the context of virtual reality (VR) environments, involving other sensory modalities. Crossmodal perceptual effects arise and may improve or lower the feeling of presence, which is the aim of RV. We focus on two perceptual and technical aspects about the spatial coherence between the different modalities. First, binaural synthesis is associated with a visual stereoscopic rendering and we run perceptual experiments on visuo-auditory interactions. It is shown that VR gives results that are comparable to those obtained in real conditions. Then, we take advantage of the VR characteristics to use more complexe stimuli and vary the experimental conditions. Second, we explore a method to get a better distance synthesis, especially in near-field, with binaural technique. We use spherical acoustics to extrapolate measured HRTFs toward closer and further distances. This method is compared to other methods and is shown to get slightly better objective results
Gouédard, Catherine Vergnaud Gérard. „Espace et langage conceptualisations et malentendus dans la conception d'un trajet par téléphone entre de jeunes aveugles /“. Saint-Denis : Université de Paris 8, 2009. http://www.bu.univ-paris8.fr/web/collections/theses/GouedardThese.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLa version électronique ne comprend pas les annexes. Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. p. 391-419. Notes bibliogr.
Lacroix, Annick. „Une histoire sociale et spatiale de l'Etat dans l'Algérie colonisée : l'administration des Postes, Télégraphes, Téléphones du milieu du XIXème siècle à la Seconde Guerre mondiale“. Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DENS0051.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThrough a case study of the French Postal and Telecommunication administration (PTT), this dissertation undertakes a historical study of the colonial state focused on the Algerian territory and on social issues. Between the 1850s and the Second World War, the network of communications expanded continuously. The way this network was shaped provides insight into how France took control of the colonized territory and then used communication facilities as a tool of colonial settlement to the profit of the European population. While the PTT administration was mostly organized on the same model as in France, local decision-makers sometimes had to take into account specific features of the colonial context. The Postal and Telecommunication administration offers a complex picture of colonial society. Men and women, citizens and natives, and people from different social backgrounds were employed as mailmen, telephone operators, middle managers or postmasters. The users of these services were extremely varied, too. This dissertation offers a detailed analysis of interactions at work and within the colonial context. Gradually, letters, telegrams, money orders, and even voice circulated throughout Algeria. Although pre-colonial networks had already carried information and although the PTT waited until the interwar period to bring facilities to villages (douars), more and more Algerians gained access to literacy, money exchanges and a new kind of technical modernity
Callec, Vincent. „Systèmes antennaires reconfigurables pour l'observation spatiale“. Phd thesis, INSA de Rennes, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00935319.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleJumel, Mélanie. „Information, équité spatiale, équité sociale : préconisation de principes d'action en aménagement“. Tours, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOUR1803.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis was born from the observation that there are disparities in the access to information due to spatial discriminating factors. It recommands some principles of justice able to lead spatial planning in order to find a greater social and spatial justice. The ultimate goal of this work is to establish a spatial planning theory of justice able to find the means of “mediety” in that discipline. “Mediety” is a harmonious state between economic development and social progress. Are those means in the search for an hypothetical spatial homogeneity (equality principle) or for a reasoned spatial heterogeneity (equity principle)? To answer that question, this thesis leans on the traditional medias and on the NICT which a-spatialize information
Pouliquen-Lardy, Lauriane. „Collaboration à distance : étude de la compréhension mutuelle dans les environnements virtuels collaboratifs immersifs : le cas de la communication spatiale“. Thesis, Rennes 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN20018/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRemote collaborative situations in industry involve new constraints for workers. In the context of using immersive virtual environments to collaborate, we set up a series of experiments focusing on the mutual comprehension, and more specifically on the process of sharing spatial information. Results of the first experiment showed the influence of one collaborator’s role on spatial statements. Guides and manipulators both used statements preferentially centered on manipulator’s action, which supports the least collaborative effort principle. Results of two experiments about spatial statements production allowed to point out that mental workload is modulated by the target position relative to the addressee. According to the target location, the speaker must operate or not cognitively costly mental transformations to take the addressee perspective. However this workload could be lowered by means of visual cues. The last experiment focused on the understanding of spatial statements. It showed that statements centered on the addressee are the easiest to understand when the task is also centered on the addressee. Some exocentered statements could also induce a lower mental workload but only in some conditions. Results are discussed in relation to the least collaborative effort principle and the spatial frames of reference theory. This work opens new leads to facilitate remote collaboration through virtual environments
Ismail, Amr. „Low Complexity Space-Time coding for MIMO systems“. Phd thesis, Supélec, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00771982.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBailleul, Hélène. „Communication et projets urbains. Enjeux et modalités de la communication entre acteurs du projet et habitants“. Thesis, Tours, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOUR1802.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe research aims at highlighting the consequences of new tools and methods provided by communication sciences when adapted to urban planning practices. At first, we identify the prevailing logics in communication of urban projects occurring at the stage of conception: referred audiences, representation technologies of virtual space and pruposes of communication. Furthermore, the theory of urban projects promotes a larger participation of stakeholders (public organisations, economic agents, civil society). The rise of an ideal collaborative planning fosters planners to create and develop conditions for permanent dialogue with the inhabitants concerned by urban projects. Thus, we have particularly investigated the conditions required for both planners and inhabitants can share a common perception of designed space. The ground work of this research has permitted to describe and understand that shared perceptions of space rely on the context of interpersonal experience and furthermore, on subjective factors. This shared perception is notably influenced by personal knowledges, preferences and by the signification individuals give to space
Makanga, Bala Martial Pépin. „Le Gabon et la gestion de la société de l'information : approche spatiale des réseaux et des enjeux géopolitiques des technologies de la communication“. Bordeaux 3, 2010. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00521429.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFollowing the example of numerous African countries, the Gabon, is for more than ten years, the receptacle of an intense activity with variable polarization on the new technologies of information and the communication. In fact, It succumbed as the others, in the charm of paradigm of the dominant development of the societies of this beginning of XXIth century: the Information society the World Summit of which on the Information society (SMSI) of Geneva in 2003 was the crowning of a global mobilization. Without, beyond the overflowing excitement which resulted from it, political speeches of numerous actors, declarations of good intentions and leading projects " information society and ICT " which succeeded one another, the numerous geopolitical stakes conveyed by the geographical problem of the insertion of the ICT delay being perceived as such. Indeed, the geopolitics of the insertion of the ICT in the Gabon reveals a symbolic bicéphalisme become structuring: residual political action share and instrumentalisation ICT, striking modernity and outdatedness of infrastructures, socio-territorial dynamics of the accesses and the equivalent spatial disparities. It is in this uncertain political executive, that was paradoxically evoked the ambition of the Gabon to become a digital major pole. Now, in a Gabon in search of perspectives of development, the accesses to the mobile telephony, the internet access, the manners for all, the formation in the manners and their corollary (infrastructures, equipments, etc. ) are only an interface. They are supposed to feed a political project of deployment of the ICT including an industrial dimension of the services within the framework of a science park with sub-regional vocation. It is the prize of a real regional leadership High Tech and especially a "other" participation in the globalization and in the information society
Makanga, Bala Martial Pépin. „Le Gabon et la question de la societé de l'information. Approche spatiale des réseaux et des enjeux géopolitiques des technologies de la communication“. Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00521429.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRaddadi, Bilel. „Récepteurs avancés et nouvelles formes d'ondes pour les communications aéronautiques“. Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018INPT0057/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNowadays, several studies are launched for the design of reliable and safe communications systems that introduce Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), this paves the way for UAV communication systems to play an important role in a lot of applications for non-segregated military and civil airspaces. Until today, rules for integrating commercial UAVs in airspace still need to be defined, the design of secure, highly reliable and cost effective communications systems still a challenging task. This thesis is part of this communication context. Motivated by the rapid growth of UAV quantities and by the new generations of UAVs controlled by satellite, the thesis aims to study the various possible UAV links which connect UAV/aircraft to other communication system components (satellite, terrestrial networks, etc.). Three main links are considered: the Forward link, the Return link and the Mission link. Due to spectrum scarcity and higher concentration in aircraft density, spectral efficiency becomes a crucial parameter for largescale deployment of UAVs. In order to set up a spectrally efficient UAV communication system, a good understanding of transmission channel for each link is indispensable, as well as a judicious choice of the waveform. This thesis begins to study propagation channels for each link: a mutipath channels through radio Line-of-Sight (LOS) links, in a context of using Meduim Altitude Long drones Endurance (MALE) UAVs. The objective of this thesis is to maximize the solutions and the algorithms used for signal reception such as channel estimation and channel equalization. These algorithms will be used to estimate and to equalize the existing muti-path propagation channels. Furthermore, the proposed methods depend on the choosen waveform. Because of the presence of satellite link, in this thesis, we consider two low-papr linear waveforms: classical Single-Carrier (SC) waveform and Extented Weighted Single-Carrier Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (EW-SC-OFDM) waveform. channel estimation and channel equalization are performed in the time-domain (SC) or in the frequency-domain (EW-SC-OFDM). UAV architecture envisages the implantation of two antennas placed at wings. These two antennas can be used to increase diversity gain (channel matrix gain). In order to reduce channel equalization complexity, the EWSC- OFDM waveform is proposed and studied in a muti-antennas context, also for the purpose of enhancing UAV endurance and also increasing spectral efficiency, a new modulation technique is considered: Spatial Modulation (SM). In SM, transmit antennas are activated in an alternating manner. The use of EW-SC-OFDM waveform combined to SM technique allows us to propose new modified structures which exploit exces bandwidth to improve antenna bit protection and thus enhancing system performances
Pollet, Yann. „Un système de gestion de bases de données opérationnelles pour les systèmes d'information et de communication“. Rouen, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ROUES047.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThenoz, Etienne. „Une analyse spatiale du dépassement et de l’induction d’inerties organisationnelles par la gouvernance des technologies de l’information dans les transformations liées au commerce électronique“. Thesis, Nantes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NANT3020.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNearly seventy years after the first electronic booking systems were developed, difficulties in e-commerce organizational transformations persist. As a central explanation to these difficulties, research on organizational transformations puts forth the organizational inertia that characterizes organizational structures and prevents their transformation (Besson & Rowe, 2012). By coordinating numerous disparate entities within the organization, defining their respective missions and arbitrating between their perspectives, Information technology (IT) governance constitutes a key structuration factor that can hence influence inertia. However, the role of IT governance in overcoming and inducing inertia remains underexplored. Based on two literature reviews, two multiple case studies at different governance levels and a theoretical paper, this thesis analyzes how and why IT governance can (or cannot) help overcoming organizational inertia and examines how and why it can induce some. After characterizing e-commerce transformations as cross-functional, inter-organizational and infrastructural, this thesis points to the key role IT governance plays in overcoming organizational inertia by simultaneously harnessing tensions between IT and business logics as well as between central and local logics. It also identifies how different governance choices in turn induce new inertia in various parts of the organization, and tempers some conclusions of previous research accordingly. The emergent perspective upon which this thesis is based also highlights how unanticipated alterations of governance structures can lead to various IT governance drifts and thus reinforce inertia. Based on these works, this thesis sets conceptual foundations for a spatial approach to inertia by developing an analytical framework that accounts for its location and distinguishes four forms of inertial mechanisms. It calls for considering the localtion of inertia and emergence phenomena through a localized and continuous tinkering approach to IT governance
Beaude, Boris. „Éléments pour une géographie du lieu réticulaire : avoir lieu, aujourd'hui“. Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010573.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLi, Jingqiang Lieury Alain Gaillard Jean-Pierre. „Traitrements cognitifs mis en jeu dans la perception visuelle de scènes complexes et conséquences sur l'indexation automatique d'images“. Rennes : Université Rennes 2, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00288060/fr.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDidelon, Clarisse. „UNE NOUVELLE ROUTE DE LA SOIE ? UTILISATION DES MOYENS DE COMMUNICATION DANS LES ENTREPRISES DE LA FILIÈRE DE LA SOIE EN INDE“. Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011167.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSaloma, Anjara. „Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) mother-calf interactions“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS138.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae), maintaining social bonds between females and their newborns involves different sensory modalities such as hearing, touching and vision. While acoustic communication in male singers of this species has been extensively studied, social sounds, especially those produced by the females and their newborns have been poorly documented. This study describes the social sounds present in acoustic recordings focused on mother-calf groups and discusses the vocalizations used by females and calves in mother-offspring interactions. By considering the most frequent sounds from their vocal repertoire, an analysis focused on the determination of the source of the low-frequency sounds produced by the mother have been carried out and analyses were performed to investigate the individuality of some vocalizations belonging to the mothers and the calves. A description of the behavioural context of their vocal production was performed and the diving profiles of mother-calf pairs were described. Moreover, females with their calves spend a lot of time on the water surface. Mothers are often static at the surface while calves move around them. This study is also dedicated to the understanding of their surface behaviours, considering the behaviours initiated by calves. A series of analyses were carried out to determine whether calves exhibited lateralization behaviours in relation to their mothers. Finally, by using photogrammetry method, mother-calf lengths were measured, and calves spatial range around their mothers was investigated
Thieltges, Hélène. „Distribution spatiale, stabilité et perception des dialectes chez deux espèces d'oiseaux guyanais (Cacicus cela et Cacicus haemorrhous)“. Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01002164.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLeroux, Sébastien. „Le nouvel "âge d'or" de l'aménagement du territoire : les technologies de l'information et de la communication au regard de l'autonomie et de la justice spatiales : (Vésubie, Diois et Maurienne)“. Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENH033.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCountry planning knew its "golden age" at the turn of the 1950's and 60's, when it could be understood as a reflection and a political action dealing with an essential question, that of autonomy and spatial justice. The liberal turn and the years of crisis have, to a large extent, altered its place in the functioning of society and space, without questioning the relevance of its central question. This question has resurfaced with increased force with the advent of the new "information and communication technologies" (ICT) supposed to meet the challenges of modernity, of sustainable development or of globalization. Confronted with the mercantile colonization of society and the heterotopias of modernity, the ICT cannot be entirely apprehended ouside the field of economy. It is within this framework that local territories sometimes work out a capacity for political development by managing to integrate the ICT into their own concerns, while taking advantage of their capacity to re-formulate the general injunctions of economy. Through an analysis of the policies carried out on these themes on the scale of local territories in the Alps (Vesubie, Diois, Maurienne), this work examines the capacity of the ICT to create the conditions of a new golden age in country planning
Leo, Yannick. „Deep dive into social network and economic data : a data driven approach for uncovering temporal ties, human mobility, and socioeconomic correlations“. Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEN066/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this thesis, I have carried out data-driven studies based on rich, large-scale combined data sets including social links between users (calls and SMS), their demographic parameters (age and gender), their mobility and their economic information such as income and spendings. These seven studies bring insights in network science but also in sociology, economy and geography. The questions asked are very diversified. How can one quantify the loss of temporal information caused by the aggregation of link streams into series of graphs? How can one infer mobility of a user from his or her localisations of calls? Is it possible to transmit SMS in a dense region by using the density of phones, the mobility of users and the locality of the messages? How can one quantify and prove empirically the social stratification of the society at a large population scale? I present, for this last question, a first socio-economic study with a data-driven approach. It has been possible to study, at a very large scale, the stratification of the society, the existence of "rich-clubs", the spatial segregation and purchase patterns for each social class. Beyond the variety of studies and their numerous applications, this thesis shows that the analysis of individual rich combined datasets at a large population scale gives the opportunity to answer long-standing hypotheses and to address novel questions. This work not only points out the potentiality of Big Data approach but also its complementarity to classical approaches (modelization, surveys, …). Particular attention was given in order to explain each steps that lead to results and to take into account biases which is too often neglected
Benyahya, Kaoutar. „Mode group division multiplexing for short reach optical communications“. Thesis, Rennes 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1S117.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe ever-growing demand of data traffic will be fuelled by revolutionary technologies such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR) and Internet of things (IoT). Therefore, optical networks should support the requirements of these services in terms of high capacity, low latency and high reliability. In fact, large scale capacity is a critical need for fiber optic communication systems deployed in local area networks as well as in datacenters. For both applications, systems relying on intensity modulation and direct detection (IMDD) are highly demanded due to their low cost and compatibility with short range applications. In this thesis, we address the need of increasing the data rates for short reach optical communication systems based on mode group division multiplexing and direct detection schemes. Firstly, we focus on increasing the capacity of already deployed standard multimode fibers in local area networks and intra-datacenters communication where the distance is shorter than 5 km. Secondly, we extend our solution to longer reach applications such as inter-datacenter interconnects. In both cases, optical link architectures, including transmitters, receivers and the optical fibers are analysed. Moreover, modulation formats adapted to IMDD systems such as single carrier 4-PAM and multicarrier DMT are compared in the context of space division multiplexing transmission. In this work we demonstrated the achievable benefit of mode group multiplexing combined with IMDD schemes. First, 5 Tb/s has been achieved over 2.2 km of conventional multimode fiber (OM2). Secondly, transmission record at the corresponding time of its realization of 14.5 Tb/s over OM2 fiber is demonstrated. Finally, 200 Gb/s over 20 km of FMF has been achieved which extend the benefit of mode group multiplexing to longer reach applications compared to LAN and intra-datacenter where the maximum distance is limited to 5 km
Charrier, Francis. „Politiser la technicité : une analyse spatiale de la mise en ordre de la société de l'information au moyen du commerce électronique“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24144/24144.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVo, Tien Tu. „Diversité spatiale, temporelle et fréquentielle pour la mesure précise de distance et d'angle d'arrivée en ultra large bande“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLT027/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDetection and ranging with electromagnetic waves (Radar) are used in a number of domains such as aeronautics, automobile or even medecin. In this thesis, we are interested particularly on Radar in the wellness domain for widely use: sleep pattern tracking sensors, smart glasses or white cane with obstacles detection for visually impaired people. The problem, which so far has not been discussed, is to add necessary functionalities as follow to the exciting solution to resolve theses applications: the thoracic and abdominal displacement tracking with a millimetric resolution; and the measurements of arrival direction of backscattered signals from obstacles in front of visually impaired individuals. The technological starting point is the one of Ultra Wideband (UWB) technology, which offers a resolution of approximate one centimeter in the distance measurement within the range of few meters and in the discrimination of backscattered signals from multiple obstacles. To meet these criterias, the research focuses on the backscattering propagation channel in particularly from the human body. It also analyses the techniques in signal processing, aiming to estimate the breathing rate in the backscattered signal of human body, and to estimate the arrival direction to an antenna array to nearly one degree. Finally, it investigates the systematic architecture, especially in the receiver associated with the antenna array, in order to withstand the angular measurement without notably increasing the receiver complexity and consumption
Sardin, David. „Méthodes de conception d’amplificateurs de puissance flexibles pour les applications spatiale : Application en bande S et en technologie HEMT GaN à un module 30W contrôlé par envelope tracking“. Limoges, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIMO4042.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work deals with efficiency improvement of power amplifiers which are part of radiofrequency systems. Current requirements in the aerospace industry make next generation satellites to be power flexible and reconfigurable in order to follow markets evolution. Hence, the idea aims on the one hand, at properly using available on-board DC power and on the other hand, at offering the spacecraft capabilities to lead various mission plans. Consequently, this thesis mainly deals with efficiency improvement of HPAs and describes the design of an highly efficient 30W HPA based on the Envelope Tracking concept. The proposed VHF envelope amplifier demonstrates significant performances regarding efficiency and bandwidth while assuming wide bandwidth modulated signals
Schnebelin, Côme. „Analyse et génération de signaux dans les boucles optiques à décalage de fréquence : analogie spatiale et nouveaux concepts d'auto-imagerie“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAY028.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSignal generation and processing techniques suffer from intrinsic limitations of electronic systems: limited bandwidth, sensitivity to electromagnetic interference, bulk and cost. On the contrary, optical systems naturally overcome these constraints and are potentially very attractive for the generation and processing of signals. During this thesis, we studied an original optical system used for microwave photonics: frequency shifting loops.The temporal properties of these loops have a strong link with some properties of the Talbot effect in spatial optics. This duality has been successful during this work, because it led us to demonstrate many properties both in time optics in the frequency shifting loops, and in spatial optics with simple diffraction setup.We have thus demonstrated the possibility of analogically calculating the Fourier transform and the fractional Fourier transform of an arbitrary signal, with a very good spectral resolution. This allowed us to measure the "chirp" rate of a linearly frequency modulated signal, or to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of some signals. We have also shown the possibility to generate pulse trains with an adjustable repetition rate, and to make spectral shaping of high resolution, in amplitude and phase. This result has been used to generate arbitrary optical or radiofrequency signals with bandwidths of several tens of GHz and durations of up to several tens of ns.The properties of the duality between spatial optics and frequency shifting loops led us to reinterpret a number of properties of the Talbot effect (image formation, self-healing of Talbot images) and to propose new concepts, such as control of Talbot images (period and size) or image amplification
Phan, Huy Dinh-Thuy. „Retournement temporel : application aux réseaux mobiles“. Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAR0026/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis studies the time reversal technique to improve the energy efficiency of future mobile networks and reduce the cost of future mobile devices. Time reversal technique consists in using the time inverse of the propagation channel impulse response (between a transceiver and a receiver) as a prefilter. Such pre-filtered signal is received with a stronger power (this is spatial focusing) and with a strong main echo, relatively to secondary echoes (this is time compression). During a previous learning phase, the transceiver estimates the channel by measuring the pilot signal emitted by the receiver. Space-time focusing is obtained only at the condition that the propagation remains identical between the learning phase and the data transmission phase: this is the ‘channel reciprocity’ condition. Numerous works show that spatial focusing allows for the reduction of the required transmit power for a given target received power, on the one hand, and that time compression allow for the reduction of the required complexity at the receiver side to handle multiple echoes, on the other hand. However, studies on complexity reduction are limited to ultra wideband. Some works of this thesis (based on simulations and experimental measurements) show that, for bands which are more typical for future networks (a carrier frequency of 1GHz and a spectrum of 30 MHz to 100 MHz), thanks to time reversal, a simple receiver and a mono-carrier signal are sufficient to reach high data rates. Moreover, the channel reciprocity condition is not verified in two scenarios which are typical from mobile networks. Firstly, in most European mobile networks, the frequency division duplex mode is used. This mode implies that the transceiver and the receiver communicate on distinct carriers, and therefore through different propagation channels. Secondly, when considering a receiver on a moving connected vehicle, the transceiver and the receiver communicate one with each other at distinct instants, corresponding to distinct positions of the vehicles, and therefore through different propagation channels. Some works of this thesis propose solutions to obtain space-time focusing for these two scenarios. Finally, some works of this thesis explore the combination of time reversal with other recent signal processing techniques (spatial modulation, on the one hand, a new multi-carrier waveform, on the other hand), or new deployment scenarios (millimeter waves and large antenna arrays to interconnect the nodes of an ultra dense network) or new applications (guidance and navigation) which can be envisaged for future mobile networks
Akhdar, Oussama. „Conception d'une méthode de déconvolution pour l'estimation des angles d'arrivée sur une antenne : Application au sondage spatio-temporel du canal de propagation“. Limoges, 2009. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/596a9344-e103-4ea0-b609-44fa032ba0d3/blobholder:0/2009LIMO4028.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis focused on the study and implementation of a spatio-temporal sounder and dealt with the characterization of the radio channel. Firstly, the propagation phenomena are recalled and a state of the art on the different spatial-temporal measurement techniques and their corresponding processing methods is presented. An original method for spatial characterization is designed, implementing a new algorithm based on the antenna rotation and corresponding deconvolution procedure. The application of this method allowed us achieving a spatial sounding of a propagation channel using a patch antenna with 70° of radiation beam width. The developed spatial measurement technique is later associated to a temporal measurement technique (sliding correlation), leading to a spatio-temporal channel sounding. The achieved measurements allowed us integrating the channel response in a numerical transmission simulator in order to perform realistic simulations of the propagation channel. The set of different results, obtained during the sounding, establish a starting point for another set of more intensive measurements, leading to realistic models of spatio-temporal channels
Le, Minor Loïc. „Image des villes : de l'image officielle aux perceptions habitantes : étude comparée de Poitiers et de la Rochelle“. Poitiers, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005POIT5015.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleStarting up a comparative study on about thirty years between Poitiers et La Rochelle, we tried to evaluate the similarity between the official image spread by the town councils and the perceptions of the inhabitants. First, we brought to light the different ways of building a brand image by the producers of space. It seems that the singularity of each town comes less from the set of themes than from the way they are treated and communicated. Secondly, we approached the representations of the inhabitants to perceive their closeness to the institutional discourse. The image of these towns are revealed as relatively stable in the present and shared both by councillors and citizens
Mukherjee, Anouk. „Espaces organisationnels et systèmes d'information“. Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED028/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe dominant narrative of the collapsing of space due to ICT in organizations is challenged by this study. It is argued that this is due to a general lack of interest in organizational space in IS scholarship combined with technological determinism. This study seeks to understand the relationship between ICT and organizational space by mobilizing affordance theory based on J.J. Gibson’s work. A qualitative multiple-case study covering two business schools, in Canada and the UK, was undertaken. The spatial practices of academics were scrutinized using a model based on affordance theory to ascertain the role of ICT, as part of the wider environment, in the shaping of these practices. The results clearly demonstrate the inadequacy of affordance theory for the study of ICT in general. An alternative perspective based on the phenomenology of perception of Merleau-Ponty is proposed and successfully tested against the data. This alternative perspective suggests that, based on the experience of academics, ICT simultaneously collapses and expands space. ICT acts as a point of singularity where proximate and remote spaces converge to produce a singular sphere of experience. The study further develops Merleau-Ponty’s concepts of intentionality, body schema, habitus, knowing body, and habitual body in the context of the spatial practices of academics. I propose abandoning affordance theory in favour of an experiential approach to understand the relationship between organizational space and ICT
Marinelli, Marco Antonio. „Modelling and communicating the effects of spatial data uncertainty on spatially based decision-making“. Thesis, Curtin University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1842.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKara, Omar Ali. „Développement d'une architecture de communication sans fil pour les réseaux de capteurs dans le domaine aérospatial“. Phd thesis, Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1177/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe context of this thesis is the development of wireless sensor networks for aerospace applications. The concerned aerospace applications are the temperature and mechanical stress measurement, on the aircraft wings for flight test and on the satellite structures. Note that these measurements must be made in real time without data loss. Our researches are focused on developing wireless communication architecture. This architecture should meet the specific needs of these applications in term of low cost, low power consumption and high data rate. The RF front-end architecture developed in this thesis uses the UWB frequency band from 6 GHz up to 8. 5 GHz approved in Europe. The RF transceiver is based on a direct conversion architecture that uses two differential channels I and Q. Our work is focused on the design of frequency mixers. These mixers require a very important relative frequency bandwidth (10–510 MHz), in the input of the up-conversion mixer and in the output of down-conversion mixer. The design of the low noise amplifier (LNA) is less sensitive because its relative bandwidth requirement is less important. A new topology of mixer was designed to meet the need for bandwidth with zero conversion loss to directly connect the antenna without using power amplifier and reduce the control power to -3 dBm to reduce consumption of the Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO). In this way, the transmitter is reduced to two low consumption mixers. This architecture leaves more flexibility in terms of power consumption for the design of the receiver. The RF blocks have been developed in CMOS 130 nm; this technology allows us to achieve good performance with minimum cost. The measurements validate the operation of the developed circuits
Grandjean, Guillaume. „Le langage du level design : analyse communicationnelle des structures et instances de médiation spatiales dans la série The Legend of Zelda (1986-2017)“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0143.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this work is the study of the constructed and represented spaces of video games. By testing the hypothesis of a form of “language” of level design, we shed light on the structural aspect of video game space, identifiable from one game to another within a “shared grammar”, but also its communicative value, as an instance of mediation between the game and the player. From a precise and detailed analysis of the way space is constructed and evolves in the series The Legend of Zelda (1986-2017), we formalize, classify and prioritize the different structures that make the repertoire of video game spatiality; then we highlight the mediation strategies implemented by games to facilitate the decoding of navigational information. We end up painting a diachronic portrait of the way this language is transformed, in particular concerning the question of navigation control, by mobilizing the notion-tool of “critical path” and its implications in a formal and communicative history of video games
Andersson, Schaeffer Jennie. „Communication space : Spatial design in manufacturing industry“. Licentiate thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-11857.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDeViP and Kaikaku
Capelle, Mikael. „Earth observation systems optimization for free-space optical communications“. Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ISAT0053.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFor many years, satellites have been used to explore, analyse and monitor Earth from space. Nowadays, low-earth orbiting satellites are taking a steadily increasing number of pictures, with higher and higher precision, thus gen- erating huge volumes of data that needs to be downloaded. In order to manage such amount of data, new communication technologies are investigated. In this context, free-space optical communications are seen as a key alternative to current radio-frequency ones. With their orders of magnitude higher data rates, free-space optical communications could be able to download daily acquisition volumes in a matter of minutes. Unfortunately, optical communications are strongly impacted by atmospheric turbulence and clouds. In order to cope with the latter, it is necessary to design efficient distributed networks of optical ground stations. Furthermore, since weather forecasts are imperfect, custom operational procedures should be es- tablished to schedule the downloads of acquisitions using optical communications to take into account uncertainties regarding clouds. In this thesis, we investigate the use of free-space optical communications for image telemetry. We first consider the problem of designing efficient networks of optical ground stations taking into account the impact of clouds. We solve this problem using a combination of a dy- namic programming algorithm and a branch-and-bound algorithm. Then, we look at the operational problem of planning downloads of acquisitions under download channel and image volume uncertainties. We propose a flexible approach where the decision process is shared between ground and on-board systems
Kilfoyle, Daniel B. (Daniel Brian). „Spatial modulation in the underwater acoustic communication channel“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29046.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVita.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 180-181).
A modulation technique for increasing the reliable data rate achievable by an underwater acoustic communication system is presented and demonstrated. The technique, termed spatial modulation, seeks to control the spatial distribution of signal energy such that multiple parallel communication channels are supported by the single, physical ocean channel. Results from several experiments successfully demonstrate higher obtainable data rates and power throughput. Given a signal energy constraint, a communication architecture with access to parallel channels will have increased capacity and reliability as compared to one with access to a single channel. Assuming the use of multiple element spatial arrays at both the transmitter and receiver, an analytic framework is developed that allows a multiple input, multiple output physical channel to be transformed into a set of virtual parallel channels. The continuous time, vector singular value decomposition is the primary vehicle for this transformation. Given knowledge of the channel impulse responses and assuming additive, white Gaussian noise as the only interference, the advantages of using spatial modulation over a deterministic channel may be exactly computed. Improving performance over an ensemble of channels using spatial modulation is approached by defining and then optimizing various average performance metrics including average signal to noise ratio, average signal to noise plus interference ratio, and minimum square error. Several field experiments were conducted. Detailed channel impulse response measurements were made enabling application of the decomposition methodology. The number, strength, and stability of the available parallel channels were analyzed. The parallel channels were readily interpreted in terms of the underlying sound propagation field. Acoustic communication tests were conducted comparing conventional coherent modulation to spatial modulation. In one case, a reliable data rate of 24000 bits per second with a 4 kHz bandwidth signal was achieved with spatial modulation when conventional signaling could not achieve that rate. In another test, the benefits of spatial modulation for a horizontally distributed communication system, such as an underwater network with autonomous underwater vehicles, were validated.
by Daniel Brian Kilfoyle.
Ph.D.
Wu, Xiping. „Wireless communication systems based on spatial modulation MIMO“. Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/10505.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSorn, Masa. „Designing with children : spatial literacy explored through communication between children and spatial designers“. Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/17893/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLi, Jingqiang. „Traitrements cognitifs mis en jeu dans la perception visuelle de scènes complexes et conséquences sur l'indexation automatique d'images“. Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00288060.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSow, Garmy. „Méthodes d'Accès Multiple à Répartition Spatiale pour Communications par Satellite“. Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001876.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSow, Garmy. „Méthodes d'accès multiple à répartition spatiale pour communications par satellite /“. Paris : École nationale supérieure des télécommunications, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40949792f.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMahé, Pierre. „Codage ambisonique pour les communications immersives“. Thesis, La Rochelle, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LAROS011.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis takes place in the context of the spread of immersive content. For the last couple of years, immersive audio recording and playback technologies have gained momentum and have become more and more popular. New codecs are needed to handle those spatial audio formats, especially for communication applications. There are several ways to represent spatial audio scenes. In this thesis, we focused on First Order Ambisonic. The first part of our research focused on improving multi-monocoding by decorrelated each ambisonic signal component before the multi-mono coding. To guarantee signal continuity between frames, efficient quantization new mechanisms are proposed. In the second part of this thesis, we proposed a new coding concept using a power map to recreate the original spatial image. With this concept, we proposed two compressing methods. The first one is a post-processing focused on limiting the spatial distortion of the decoded signal. The spatial correction is based on the difference between the original and the decoded spatial image. This post-processing is later extended to a parametric coding method. The last part of this thesis presents a more exploratory method. This method studied audio signal compression by neural networks inspired by image compression models using variational autoencoders