Dissertationen zum Thema „Communication de véhicule à infrastructure“
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Plainchault, Patrick. „Sécurisation de la conduite par communication véhicule infrastructure à base de transpondeurs“. Toulouse, INPT, 2005. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000137/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFor many years, car manufacturers have been trying to ensure the safety of automobile movements. This thesis relates how a transponder based communication between vehicles and infrastructure can be used. In the first part overview of localisation systems (LIDAR, RADAR, video cameras, magnetic strip following, GPS, gyro platforms and cartography systems embedded in the vehicle), local communication (DAB, UMTS, DSRC, Bluetooth, WIFI, InfraRed,. . . ) and transponder technology are presented. Then it recalls the principles of transponder. This communication system consists of two main elements: 1) a base station with an antenna embedded in a vehicle, 2) a transponder, located in the tread including an antenna, a microcontroller for data processing and communication and a memory. Finally, also some results and applications: lateral and longitudinal positioning, inter distance calculation and detection of wrong way traffic are presented
Hamidoun, Khadija. „Nouvelles architectures adaptatives de modulation et codage ULB selon la QoS requise pour la communication véhicule-infrastructure“. Thesis, Valenciennes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016VALE0004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this thesis, we propose to use the UWB technology to establish a new communications system Impulse Radio (IR-UWB), based on a new modulation scheme called M-OAM (Orthogonal M-Amplitude Modulation) and orthogonal waveforms MGF (Modified Gegenbauer Function). This system is dedicated to the short-range wireless applications, especially multimedia communications and intelligent transportation (ITS). The proposed modulations M-OAM, are evaluated under the AWGN channel and UWB multipath channel namely IEEE.802.15.3a and IEEE.802.15.4a. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed system in terms of bit error rate (BER) is the same as that of traditional UWB modulations. In addition, M-OAM modulations offer the highest data rate with low complexity of implementation. Indeed, the design of a such system should certainly provide a very high speed but also serve a large number of concurrent users with good quality of service. In this context, a new multiple access technique DS-MGF-OAM is proposed. This multi-user system makes use of the DS-UWB technology and orthogonal pulses MGF to enable effective communication with a maximum number of users. However, the multi-path effect reduces the quality of the transmission. Thus, the contribution of two receiver architectures in performance improvement is studied, namely the RAKE receiver and MMSE (Minimum Mean Square Error) equalizer. This study shows that the M-OAM communication system offers good performance in terms of quality of service (QoS). Following the simulation step, the experimental results of the proposed systems in real environments are analyzed and discussed. In the last part of this document, we performed a real-time protoptype on an FPGA platform, offering calculation time of 3GHz through parallelizable algorithms on reconfigurable architectures
Randriamasy, Malalatiana. „Localisation et transmissions sécurisées pour la communication Véhicule à Infrastructure (V2I) : Application au service de télépéage ITS-G5“. Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR011/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe precise localization of vehicles and the security of communication are requirements that make almost of the services provided in intelligent transport systems (ITS) more reliable. In recent years, they have been the subject of numerous research projects for various fields of application. In this thesis, the context is the development of an electronic toll service using the ITS-G5 technology. This wireless communication technology initially allows the sharing of traffic safety information between vehicles (V2V), vehicle and infrastructure (V2I). In our work, we propose a tolling application using equipment operating in ITS-G5 embedded in the connected vehicles and roadside units. For this, ensuring both precise geolocation of the vehicles and security of communication are required to validate the transaction.In order to properly locate the vehicles during the toll crossing, our approach is based on the understanding of the kinematics of the vehicle through a suitable modeling from the data collected in the cooperative messages (called CAM: Cooperative Awareness Message). This approach aims to improve the geolocation information already present in the message. Our goal is to achieve vehicle localization with an accuracy lower than one meter to distinguish two adjacent vehicles. On the other hand, the proposed tolling protocol ensures the authentication of the equipment or entities involved in the exchange and the validation of the transaction, the integrity of the transmitted data as well as the confidentiality of the communication. In this way, we take into account the context of the wireless communication and the sensitivity of the exchanged data. Our two contributions are integrated in the implemented Proof of Concept of the tolling application using the ITS-G5 technology
Yan, Fei. „Contribution à la modélisation et à la régulation du trafic aux intersections : intégration des communications Vehicule-Infrastructure“. Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00720641.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDahmouni, Nor El Islam. „Caractérisation multidimensionnelle du canal de propagation et contribution de l'intelligence artificielle à la classification des scénarios de propagation pour les communications véhiculaires“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ULILN014.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOver the past few years, mobile networks have significantly improved theirperformance, especially with the advent of 5G offering much higher data rate than4G. These advancements are attributable to technological progress in various areassuch as integrated antenna systems and electronic components that combine highresponse time with low power consumption. 5G ushers in an era of diversifiedservices including the Internet of Things (IoT) and vehicular communications, fromVehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) and Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V). In this context, 5Gintroduces a class of communication (URLLC) offering ultra-low latency andincreased reliability.To enhance the performance of 5G in terms of spectral efficiency, the number ofusers, and latency time, research began in October 2022 as part of the 3GPP Release18 with the goal of exploring the potential that Artificial Intelligence (AI) andMachine Learning (ML) models could bring to the radio interface. This project aimsto optimize the channel estimation technique and resource allocation, as well aspositioning accuracy.As part of these studies, this thesis focuses on V2I links in suburban environmentsand tunnels. Its objective is to create an experimental database of the most relevantparameters of the propagation channel, which will then allow for the training of MLmodels. On this point, the state of the art only concerns indoor environments or theurban environment with satellite links.The originality of the work lies in : i) measurement campaigns carried out inrealistic environments and scenarios, ii) the multidimensional characterization(time-space-frequency-polarization) of the propagation channel considering MIMO(Multiple Input Multiple Output-MIMO) antenna networks at the transmission andreception, iii) the analysis of the temporal and spatial variability of MIMO channels,and, iv) the adaptation of machine learning models for the classification ofpropagation scenarios.These works have led to the creation of an experimental database obtained fromthe exploitation of measurements made in suburban sites and tunnels, andrespectively on approximately 100k and 200k V2I channel matrices. The ML modelfor the classification of propagation scenarios, either in line of sight (LOS) or Non lineof sight (NLOS), shows prediction performances of 97.9% ; the number of points inLOS and NLOS is balanced to feed the model
Belmekki, Sabrine. „Multi-level risk and collective perception for high quality of service automated mobility in a highly dynamic V2X connected environment“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILB009.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe use of automated vehicle (AV) technologies such as self-driving cars is becoming more prevalent in daily life. These technologies aim to create fully- connectedtransportation systems, still there are concerns that remain unaddressed. Studieshave shown that AVs can reduce collisions, ease traffic congestion, and providetransportation options for those who lack access. Yet, car manufacturers havealready implemented certain automated features in their vehicles. One importantaspect of AVs is improving communication between the vehicle and roadside.The objective of this study is to investigate the adaptability and suitability of theChain branch leaf (CBL) communication model in cooperative systems to exam-ine its impact on traffic responses. Additionally, the research aims to determinethe role of Roadside Units and the effectiveness of multi-level perception in riskmitigation. The ultimate goal of this research is to improve communication andcollaboration between autonomous vehicles leading to safer and more efficient traf-fic flow.This thesis focuses on the estimation of obstacle attributes, the road, and theego-vehicle to improve the quality of service on the road through communication,localization, and perception functions. We propose architectures and communica-tion strategies that will take into account the information of surrounding vehiclesto optimize coverage and estimate collision risk at different levels including local,extended local, extended branch, and global.Subsequently, we use the most relevant metrics (Time to Collision (TTC), TimeHeadway (TH), Distance of Gruyer (DG), RISK (R), Risk estimator with Uncer-tainties and Multidimensional model (RIMUM)), to estimate the four (extended)collision risks. In optimal conditions first with perfect location and perception,and then the uncertainty scenario of perception with perfect location. Resultsshow that the extended risks allow better anticipation of the collision than thelocal risk.Furthermore, we have developed a new extended version of the Chain branch leaf-Gateway (CBL-G) model, which proves to be more efficient in terms of coverage.The hierarchical architecture of the model allows us to calculate collision riskswith greater accuracy. The different levels of risk allow us to identify potentiallydangerous situations earlier, which is considered to be very relevant for incidentprevention.In our future research projects, we plan to study other situations such as roadintersections, highway exits, and entrances, as well as roundabouts. Additionally,we would also like to explore cases where we are unable to locate nodes throughthe chain (such as passing through tunnels). And elaborate risk indicators thatexplore all key components (ego vehicle, driver, obstacle, road, and environment)
Grégoire, Girard Pierre-Luc. „Communication inter-véhicules et route-à-véhicule. Apprentissage de la communication inter-véhicules“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25810/25810.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGrégoire-Girard, Pierre-Luc. „Communication inter-véhicules et route-à-véhicule : apprentissage de la communication inter-véhicules“. Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20541.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZhang, Shu. „Communication infrastructure supporting real-time applications“. Aachen Shaker, 2007. http://d-nb.info/988385538/04.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZhang, Shu. „Communication infrastructure supporting real-time applications /“. Aachen : Shaker, 2008. http://www.gbv.de/dms/ilmenau/toc/565672754.PDF.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAyaida, Marwane. „Contribution aux communications intra-véhicule et inter-véhicules“. Thesis, Reims, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REIMS016/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleModern vehicles are equipped with various devices that aim to automate tasks (shift transmission, cruise control, etc.) or to provide services to the user (driver assistance, obstacle detection, etc.). Communications between vehicles help to expand these services through the collaboration of several vehicles (accident prevention, traffic management, etc.). The proliferation of these devices, their interfaces and protocols makes the data exchange more complex. In addition, inter-vehicle communication is more restrictive because of the vehicles' high mobility.In this work, we propose the design of a communication channel Connect to All (C2A) that ensures the interoperability between embedded devices in a vehicle. In fact, it detects the equipment connection, recognizes it and allows it to exchange data with other devices. The channel design starts by the modelling step using two different techniques (the model checker tool UPPAAL and the Specification and Description Language (SDL). Then, we validate the designed models. We also detail a concrete implementation of the channel on an embedded chip that aims to show the C2A interoperability concept feasibility.We also studied the mobility effects in the inter-vehicular communication through a hybrid approach mixing routing and location-based service. This approach provides a mechanism to reduce vehicle-tracking costs while increasing routing performances. Moreover, we compare two applications of this approach: Hybrid Routing and Grid Location Service (HRGLS) and Hybrid Routing and Hierarchical Location Service (HRHLS) with classical approaches to prove the added value. Then, this approach is improved with a mobility prediction algorithm. The latter allows a better understanding of the vehicle movements by estimating them. Similarly, the hybrid approach with mobility prediction Predictive Hybrid Routing and Hierarchical Location Service (PHRHLS) is compared with the basic approach and HRHLS in order to show the mobility prediction advantages
Pop, Septimia-Cristina. „Conception et développement d'une infrastructure de communication collaborative“. Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00081666.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZhang, Shu [Verfasser]. „Communication Infrastructure Supporting Real-Time Applications / Shu Zhang“. Aachen : Shaker, 2008. http://d-nb.info/1162790318/34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDe, Stefano Timothy. „Information communication technology, broadband infrastructure and firm performance“. Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37298/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChitedze, Zimani. „Mobility management for Wi-Fi infrastructure and mesh networks“. University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2960.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis shows that mobility management protocols for infrastructure Internet may be used in a wireless mesh network environment. In this research Mobile IPv6 and Fast Handover for Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 are successfully implemented in a wireless mesh network environment. Two experiments were carried out: vertical and horizontal handover simulations. Vertical handover simulation involved a heterogeneous wireless environment comprising both wireless local area and wireless mesh networks. An OPNET Mobile IPv6 model was used to simulate the vertical handover experiment. Horizontal handover simulation involved Mobile IPv6 and Fast Handover for Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 applied in ns2 wireless mesh network. The vertical handover results show that MIPv6 is able to manage vertical handover between wireless local area and wireless mesh network. The horizontal handover results illustrate that in mesh networks, Fast Handover for Hierarchical Mobile IPv6's performance is superior to Mobile IPv6. Fast Handover for Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 generates more throughput and less delay than Mobile IPv6. Furthermore, Fast Handover for Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 drops less data packets than Mobile IPv6. The simulations indicate that even though there are multi-hop communications in wireless mesh networks, the performance of the multi-hop routing may not play a big role in the handover performance. This is so because the mesh routers are mostly static and the multi-hop routes are readily available. Thus, the total handover delay is not affected too much by the WMN hops in the paths for signaling message transmission.
South Africa
Kanyaboina, Rajanikanth. „E-staurant a software infrastructure for restaurant management /“. [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2001. http://etd.fcla.edu/etd/uf/2001/anp1605/finaldoc.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTitle from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 65 p.; also contains graphics. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-64).
Nordstedt, David Roger. „MicroJini a service discovery and delivery infrastructure for pervasive computing /“. [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2001. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0000338.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTitle from title page of source document. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 76 p.; also contains graphics. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references.
Schafrik, Steven J. „Underground Wireless Mesh Communication Infrastructure Design Prediction and Optimization“. Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/19365.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAn underground tracking system is described as a system that calculates a location in a useful coordinate when a tracked device is underground. The tracked device is a representative of a miner, group of miners or equipment, depending on state law and the mine\'s deployment. The actual location of the miner or equipment being tracked is the Ground Truth Position (GTP) and the tracking system\'s representation in the same coordinate system at the same time is the Tracking System Position (TSP). In an excellent tracking system the actual location, GTP, and TSP will be very close to each other. This work also develops a set of calculated metrics that describe tracking system performance.
The Tracking Coverage Area metric refers to the area within the mine that the tracking system either actively measures a tracked device\'s location or infers it based on the spatial limitations of the mine and information other than active measurements. Average Accuracy is the arithmetic mean of a set of distances from the TSP to the GTP associated with a tracking system. The Average Cluster Radius metric is the average distance a set of TSPs are from their center point, which is determined by the average location of a TSP relative to the GTP. A 90% Confidence Distance is the distance from a tracked device\'s actual location (i.e., GTP) that is greater than 90% of the collected distance from GTP to TSP magnitudes ("90th percentile").
Regulatory guidelines in the United States currently define different tracking qualities at locations in the mine. These can be classified in location categories of Working Face, Strategic Areas, and Escapeways and Travel-ways.
All direct paths via escapeway or travel-way from the mine portal to the working face should be simplified into a one-dimensional path that is subdivided by the three regulatory categories. Each of these subdivisions should be described using the metrics defined above.
These metrics can be predicted using COMMs for a tracking system that is utilizing an underground wireless mesh system that uses Received Signal Strength Indicators (RSSI) to calculate the TSP. Because the tracking system\'s algorithm to convert RSSI into a TSP is proprietary to the manufacturer, in order to develop predictions the engineer must collaborate with the manufacturer. In this document, the predictions and calculations were obtained in conjunction with the manufacturer and proved to be accurate describing the tracking system that was designed and tested.
Ph. D.
Hestell, Filip, und Felix Zuber. „Designing an Efficient Communication Infrastructure for the Power Grid“. Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254231.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMahdy, Ahmed M. „A broadband infrastructure for ad hoc networks with optical wireless“. [Lincoln, Neb. : University of Nebraska-Lincoln], 2005. http://0-www.unl.edu.library.unl.edu/libr/Dissertations/2005/MahdyDis.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChu, Carlson. „Development of broadband information infrastructure in Hong Kong /“. Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19876804.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePlascencia, Cruz Luis Emmanuel. „Contrôle de la communication par lumière visible dans un environnement de véhicule de peloton“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPAST075.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleUsing VLC for such different applications requires a smooth integration of the technology into the protocol stack. The first question is how an application module can be aware that a VLC link is available, how it can discover the neighbors, and how it can find the intended communication peer. In WLANs, for instance, the MAC layer beaconing and the IPv6 neighbor discovery protocol (NDP) play critical roles in neighbor/route discovery at both the MAC and network layers, allowing data transmission to the intended neighbor. Unfortunately, to our knowledge, there is no work has been done on neighbor discovery for VLC networks, and the WLAN/IPv6 protocols cannot be plugged into VLC, mainly because of the unique uni-directional and narrow FOV characteristics. More specifically, to make VLC operational in natural vehicular environments, it is necessary to design a Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol that ensures continuous V2V information exchange with the presence of the challenging issues coming from the mobility dynamics, multi-user interference, and environmental noise
Pazi, Shaban M. „Cost-effective Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure for Tanziania“. Thesis, University of Sussex, 2010. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/6272/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnne, Matthieu. „Intégration de services perceptuels dans une infrastructure de communication ambiante“. Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INPG0164.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEntry into the era of Ubiquitous Computing is leading to an exponential growth in the number of communicating device (CD) that can be found in the human environment. A consequence is that it has become possible to dynamically compose systems for perception ofhuman activities from ad hoc assemblies ofavailable CD's. Ln this thesis we present a conceptual framework for dynamic composition of ad hoc perceptual systems. We examine the problem of modelling and integration for fusing perceptual information, the expression of the complementary nature of perceptual devices, and the description of devices required for dynamic composition. We present a method for the dynamic composition of perceptual services designed to exploit the complementary nature of the perceptual devices. This approach has been validated by realization of adaptive user services that are sensitive to the context of human activity
Rautu, Dorin Marian. „Déploiement temporaire d'une infrastructure de communication à base de drones“. Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0086.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRecently, the use of drones is booming in many areas, newly in parcel or meal shippement. Analogue to this deployment,the flexibility and resilience requirements of cellular networks are not always met by terrestrial base stations, mainly in the case of unforeseen events, such as natural disasters, gatherings or sports events. One promising solution is to benefit from the availability of drones in order to fulfill the temporary failures of cellular networks by helping them to meet the demands by extending the coverage using the access points installed onboard the UAVs. Although drones offer rapid deployment, the placement becomes one of the key issues. In this thesis we focus on this type of networks and in the drone placement by proposing a deployment method based on an analogy with Coulomb's law, the users and the drones acting like electric charges, the drones being attracted by users
Rajapakshalage, D. (Dhanushka). „Infrastructure based communication architecture to facilitate autonomous driving and communications“. Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2019. http://jultika.oulu.fi/Record/nbnfioulu-201909242926.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBertaux, Lionel. „Architecture réseau pour véhicule de transport en commun communiquant“. Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00910772.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNeander, Jonas. „Using Existing Infrastructure as Support for Wireless Sensor Networks“. Licentiate thesis, Mälardalen University, Department of Computer Science and Electronics, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-144.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDenna avhandling handlar om hur befintliga datorinfrastrukturer i t.ex. sjukhus och industrier kan avlasta sensornätverk med energikrävande uppgifter. Vi har forskat på olika aspekter som gör det möjligt att förlänga livslängden på dessa sensornätverk. Avhandlingen presenterar en ny plattform för sensornätverk tillsammans med inledande simuleringar som påvisar att vår plattform ökar livslängden på dessa typer av nätverk.
Generella sensornätverk är uppbyggda av tätt grupperade, trådlösa, batteridrivna datorer som kan vara så små som en kubikmillimeter. Datorerna kallas för sensorer eller sensornoder eftersom de har en eller flera inbyggda sensorer som känner av sin omgivning. En sensor har till uppgift att samla information från sin omgivning, t.ex. temperatur, fuktighet, vibrationer, hjärtslag eller bilder. Sensorerna skickar sedan informationen till en insamlingsstation någonstans i nätverket.
I de typer av tillämpningar vi tittar på är det viktigt att minimera energiförbrukningen, så att man maximerar livslängden på sensornätverket. Avhandlingen presenterar en lösning där befintlig datorinfrastruktur fungerar som hjälpdatorer/avlastare till ett sensornätverk. Hjälpdatorerna, eller basstationerna som vi kallar dem i avhandlingen, hanterar energikrävande uppgifter som t.ex. vilken sensor som ska kommunicera med vem samt vid vilken tidpunkt etc. Då kan sensorerna i nätverket fokusera på att utföra sina egna uppgifter tills dess att basstationen säger att uppgifterna ändrats.
Simuleringar visar att vår plattform kan skicka upp till 97 % mera information till basstationen än en jämförbar plattform med samma energimängd. 88 % av våra sensorer är fortfarande vid liv när den andra plattformens sensorer förbrukat all sin energi.
Ett exempel på hur dessa typer av nätverk kan användas är att övervaka patienters hälsa och kondition i sjukhus eller sjukhem. Patienter behöver inte ha en fast sängplats där en viss typ av medicinskt övervakningsinstrument finns tillgänglig utan kan placeras där det finns en ledig sängplats. Via trådlös kommunikation skickar sensorerna sedan hälsoinformation som t.ex. hjärtfrekvens och blodtryck till en basstation som i sin tur skickar vidare till ett centralt övervakningsinstrument någonstans på sjukhuset. Övervakningsinstrumentet behandlar informationen och larmar personal med rätt kompetens vid behov. Larmet kan skickas till en mobiltelefon eller en liten handdator som personalen alltid bär med sig. Med larmet skickas även information om var patienten befinner sig och all nödvändig data för att personalen snabbt ska kunna ställa en första diagnos. På detta sätt kan man spara in på antalet specialbyggda sängplatser och slippa dyrbara installationer av medicintekniska utrustningar knutna till en sängplats.
Recent advancements in electronic design, such as low-power circuits, energy efficient wireless communication, and improved energy supply, has enabled the vision of wireless sensor networks to become a reality. Wireless sensor networks typically consist of hundreds up to thousands of collaborating low-cost, battery-driven and wireless sensor nodes with scarce resources. The wireless sensor nodes are typical small physical entities, and usually small as a matchbox but can in extreme cases be no larger than a cubic millimeter.
In this thesis we present an architecture called AROS that uses existing infrastructure to aid in the management of wireless sensor networks. As an example, the existing infrastructure could be situated in hospitals or industrial buildings. The existing infrastructure can aid in prolonging the lifetime of the wireless sensor network by having "unlimited'' energy, long range radio capacity, and high-speed computers. We enable prolonged lifetime by centralizing some of the energy consuming administrative functionality of wireless sensor networks.
We show, by simulations, that the AROS architecture is able to prolong the lifetime of the sensor nodes. AROS is compared to a well known cluster based architecture, LEACH. The comparisons show that AROS with static configuration performs at least as well as LEACH in small wireless sensor networks in the size 100x100m, and up to 97 % better in long distance wireless sensor networks in the size of 400x400m. We show that AROS still has got 88 % of its sensor nodes alive when LEACHs' network demises.
In our simulations we have also studied how dynamic network clustering in AROS, using a TDMA scheduler and non-mobile wireless sensor nodes, affects the amount of data received by a base station. We show that AROS is better than LEACH-C in collecting data to the base station with the same total amount of energy for long distance networks and that AROS performs as well or better than LEACH-C in small wireless sensor networks.
Shang, Lu. „Économie de l’Innovation : le cas du véhicule intelligent“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL12010.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTitled “Economy of innovation – The case of the intelligent (smart ?) vehicle”, this thesis deals with the growing innovation in the transportation means through the growing importance of artificial intelligence in vehicles, in infrastructures, and in centralized regulation and monitoring centers. It presents new theoretical instruments applicable for the economy of innovation by defining the framework of its behavioral aspects. These new theoretical instruments are applied to the case of designers and to the case of consumers-drivers of the intelligent vehicle. Innovative topics are the following: - the impact of intelligent systems on road safety, - the conditions for accepting and spreading intelligent systems, - the evolution of the car industry towards the intelligent vehicle, - the global design of the intelligent vehicle: the artificial intelligence embedded in the vehicle as an assistant tool or the vehicle as secondary to the intelligence of the movement
Deaton, Brady James. „The influence of communications infrastructure on agricultural growth /“. This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12052009-020226/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGessler, Fredrik. „The development of wireless infrastructure standards“. Doctoral thesis, KTH, Industrial Economics and Management, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3338.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis treats the development of wirelessinfrastructure standards resulting from co-operative research,development and standardisation efforts. It strives to identifykey influences on this development process, and toconceptualise the process itself. With this as a basis, it goeson to analyse potential implications for companies in thewireless industry, and for the role of co-operatively developedstandards in this field. The focus of the thesis is on thecreation of standards through development efforts, rather thanthe selection of standards in official forums, or by themarket.
Two deep empirical studies provide the foundation of thethesis. The first one deals with the development of the DigitalEnhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT) standard. DECT isan open, de jure standard that was designed by a number oftelecommunications manufacturers. The standard was formallyapproved by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute(ETSI) in 1992. The second study treats the development ofThird Generation (3G) mobile infrastructure standards, withspecial focus on the radio interface standards such as WidebandCode Division Multiple Access (WCDMA). The development of thefamily of 3G standards today known as International MobileTelecommunications 2000 (IMT-2000) began more than 15 yearsago, and the first version of formally adopted air interfacestandards was released in 2000 by the Third GenerationPartnership Project (3GPP). The research and development goinginto the specification of the standards has involved all majorplayers in the wireless industry.
The two studies have involved numerous interviews withindustry professionals, academics, regulators, and others. Inaddition, a multitude of technical reports and articles,meeting documents, press releases, etc., have been analysed toprovide good documentation of the development processes. Theempirical studies have also been complemented with extensiveliterature studies into the areas of technical development andstandardisation.
Apart from two "thick descriptions" of importantdevelopments in the wireless industry, the main result of thethesis is a conceptual framework for how wirelessinfrastructure standards are developed. The frameworkdemonstrates that the development is influenced by thepre-history of the standard in terms of existing systems, aswell as research and development that had been pursued inrelevant fields. Furthermore it shows that preconceptions ofmarket needs and user behaviour are key aspects of the designof the standard. During the development process technologicalcontroversies tend to appear as a manifestation of differentcompetitive intentions among the involved players. In theresolution of these controversies, the stage is set for futurecompetition between suppliers of products adhering to thestandard.
The pre-history of a standard, as well as the marketpreconceptions, originate in the semi-independent processes oftechnological development, and market diffusion, respectively.When the time frame of the conceptual framework is expanded,generations of standards following upon each other can beidentified. Each new generation incorporates new developments,and improved functionality and performance, but also builds onexisting solutions. The technical standards, such as DECT orWCDMA, act as wasp-like waists between the technologicaldevelopment and the market diffusion processes.
The thesis shows that wireless infrastructure standards to agreat extent are created through technical development efforts.The processes also involve political, competitive, andregulatory deliberations, but technical content often definesthe form even for these debates. This points to the importanceof considering standards-setting in terms of a developmentprocess rather than as a set of formal decisions made by astandards body. A consequence of this is that companiesdesiring to influence the design of a particular standardshould strive to be in the forefront of research anddevelopment related to that standardisation effort. This is thekey to leading the development of new wireless infrastructurestandards.
Key words:standards, de jure standards,standardisation, standards-development, competition,technological development, wireless communications, wirelessinfrastructures, telecommunications, WCDMA, DECT, IMT-2000,FPLMTS, 3G
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Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNear Field Communication är en radiokommunikationsteknologi för korta avstånd som lämpar sig väl för användning i mobiltelefoner. Teknologin möjliggör att betalkort, transportbiljetter och accesskort kan ersättas med mjukvara i telefonen, vilket innebär att mobiltelefonen kan användas som en virtuell plånbok. Det här examensarbetet fokuserar på området kring mobila betalningar. Rapporten är uppdelad i tre huvudteman: NFC-teknologi, affärsmodell och säkerhet. Efterforskningen inom området är baserad på litteraturstudier, intervjuer och utvecklingen av en prototyp. Prototypen har utvecklats för demonstration av hur betalning och bonuskortstransaktioner via mobiltelefon kan utföras. NFC-teknologin är redo för kommersiellt bruk tack vare att de mest kritiska standarderna är publicerade. Det som kvarstår innan teknologin kan implementeras på bred front är infrastrukturen kring betalningar med mobiltelefon. Denna består av kompatibla system och en solid affärsmodell understödd av överenskommelser inom industrin. När trådlös kommunikation och inbyggda system inklusive mjukvaruapplikationer introduceras i betalningsmiljön, uppkommer nya hot mot betalningssäkerheten. På grund av detta behövs det kontinuerlig forskning för att upprätthålla säkerheten och stävja nya attackmetoder men det nuvarande skyddet mot attacker inom dessa områden är starkt. Ett förslag för vidare arbete är att utföra ytterligare studier om mjukvaru-attacker och om användbarhet beträffande betalsystem för mobiltelefoner. Ett annat förslag är att vidareutveckla prototypen för integrering i ett existerande betalsystem.
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