Thematische Bibliographien / Commercial Library

Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Commercial Library“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 25. Juli 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Commercial Library"

Montori, Carla J. „Managing the Library's Commercial Library Binding Program“. Technical Services Quarterly 5, Nr. 3 (13.12.1988): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j124v05n03_04.

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Talab, Rosemary. „Library uses of commercial videos“. TechTrends 33, Nr. 6 (November 1988): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02786372.

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Cubitt, Sean. „Library“. Theory, Culture & Society 23, Nr. 2-3 (Mai 2006): 581–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263276406063783.

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The modern library derives from a vision of public service developed in the 19th century. At various times in the past a commercial service, an educational resource, a religious domain and a political institution, the library today exists in various forms, including all these but in addition the professional libraries held by law firms and scientific or technological associations, multimedia lending libraries and certain areas of the world-wide web.

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Johansson, Max, Arnaud Contet, Olof Erlandsson, Robin Holmbom, Erik Höckerdal, Oskar Lind Jonsson, Daniel Jung und Lars Eriksson. „The Electrochemical Commercial Vehicle (ECCV) Platform“. Energies 17, Nr. 7 (04.04.2024): 1742. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17071742.

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Several technological challenges delay the adoption of electrified powertrains in the heavy-duty transport sector. For fuel-cell hybrid electric trucks, key issues include slow cold start, reduced cooling power during high ambient temperatures, and uncertainties regarding durability. In addition, the engineers must handle the complexity of the system. In this article, a Matlab/Simulink library is introduced, which has been developed to aid engineers in the design and optimization of energy management systems and strategies of this complex system that consider mechanical, electrochemical, and thermal energy flows. The library is introduced through five example vehicle models, and through case studies that highlight the various kinds of analysis that can be performed using the provided models. All library code is open source, open for commercial use, and runs in Matlab/Simulink without any need for external libraries.

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Protopopova, Elena. „Marketing technologies to support strategic planning“. Scientific and Technical Libraries, Nr. 5 (01.05.2017): 36–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/1027-3689-2017-5-36-48.

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The tasks of identifying unsatisfied user needs, target consumer groups and competitive library information products and services within the library marketing managerial function are discussed. The author argues that libraries should combine non-profit and commercial marketing. She also suggests that commercial marketing should become a strategic planning tool. Strategic vectors and measures used to promote library information resources, products and services at Novokuznetsk Municipal Information Library System are described.

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Sandler, Mark. „Academic and Commercial Roles in Building “The Digital Library”“. Collection Management 28, Nr. 1-2 (29.03.2004): 107–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j105v28n01_09.

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FLEMING, EDWIN. „Commercial & Technical“. New Library World 86, Nr. 6 (Juni 1985): 113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb038643.

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FLEMING, EDWIN. „Commercial & Technical“. New Library World 87, Nr. 7 (Juli 1986): 132–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb038694.

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Hazra, Sheuli. „From Integrated Library System (ILS) to Library Service Platform (LSP): Role of Library Discovery System (LDS)“. International Journal of Emerging Research in Management and Technology 6, Nr. 7 (29.06.2018): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.23956/ijermt.v6i7.198.

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This paper shows the evolution of the web-scale resource discovery services in libraries along with different discovery software available both in commercial and open source domain. The paper discusses several discovery tools and identifies several key parameters on the basis of which can compare the usability and accessibility of different discovery software. It will be identifies tools possibilities of applications of these interactive, collaborative and participative tools in enhancing existing library services and the feasibility of introducing next generation library services. Therefore, today all world look-over the newly made association which is library discovery system. Library discovery system make a software like 'VuFind' as open source software, digital library software to distributed across the globe.

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Lo, Patrick, Dickson K. W. Chiu und Wilson Chu. „Modeling Your College Library after a Commercial Bookstore? The Hong Kong Design Institute Library Experience“. Community & Junior College Libraries 19, Nr. 3-4 (Oktober 2013): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02763915.2014.915186.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Commercial Library"

Harper, James M. „Creating a television commercial to promote a local church to spiritually-sensitive viewers“. Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 2005. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.

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Thesis (M.S. )--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 2005.
Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2709. Typescript. Abstract precedes thesis as 3 preliminary leaves ( iii-v). Includes bibliographical references ( leaves 46-47 ).

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Fontana, Deborah A. „How can the primary navigational feature of a commercial website facilitate interface usability?“ Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 2000. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 2000.
Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2806. Typescript. Abstract precedes thesis title page as [4] preliminary leaves. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 109-112).

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Giovarelli, Thomas Anthony. „An Investigation of how video can be used effectively in teaching sound recourding techniques for commercial radio“. Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1992. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.

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Nonnemaker, Donald. „The advantages and disadvantages of the transition from 35MM film to high definition video production form commercial and corporate applications“. Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 2006. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 2006.
Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 3251. Typescript. Abstract precedes thesis as 1 leaf. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 69-71).

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Almazam, Khaled Ali, und Khaled Ali Almazam. „Analyzing and Designing an Off-Grid Commercial Library Building at Najran University in the Hot Arid Climate of Najran, Saudi Arabia“. Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625312.

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This master's thesis analyzes and redesigns the current performance design of the Main Library in Najran University campus, Najran, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) to achieve a completely energy independent and off-grid building. The research demonstrates the energy development in KSA, investigates and analyzes the project, and studies the energy systems. Climate data for Najran city was generated and analyzed in Climate Consultant 6.0. The research examines case studies from hot-arid climates that are responsive climatically. In addition, the energy generation and storage systems are calculated and specified to the building and its site; Quick Energy Simulation Tool (eQUEST) was used to analyze and simulate the energy use in the existing building. Furthermore, Revit software was utilized to develop the project design and simulate daylight intensity for indoor and outdoor spaces. Additionally, Cool Vent simulated the natural ventilation for the building for the low-energy performance case and the high-energy performance case, and direct passive evaporative cool towers were simulated in COOLT software. Appropriate building envelopes, passive cooling strategies, and native landscapes are applied to the off-grid case. Solar power generation outcomes, wind turbines output, batteries size are optimized in HOMER energy simulation software; thus, this off-grid building generates electricity more than its use, then, stores the extra energy in batteries banks. Through this research energy independency was accomplished with a reduction in total energy consumption by 64%, and human thermal comfort levels were attained in the proposed design.

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Heim, Michele A. „Differences between portrayals of women in commercials targeted to women and portrayals of women in commercials targeted to men a content analysis /“. Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1995. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.

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Thesis (M.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1995.
Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2710. Abstract precedes thesis as [2] preliminary leaves. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 94-97).

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Schollenberger, Cara L. „Clay animated vs. real time commercials is there a difference in viewer recall? /“. Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1989. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Kutztown University, 1989.
Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2720. Abstract precedes title page. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 35).

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Schragger, Benjamin Jay. „Producing a commercially viable video feature production in an academic setting“. Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1988. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.

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Mitra, Sukanya. „A study of the impact music videos have had on production techniques in relation to network television programs and commercials“. Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1986. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.

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Sobotka, Tamara Jo. „An examination of the evolution of US television commercials to explore how stereotypical depiction's of women have changed through history“. Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1998. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.

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Bücher zum Thema "Commercial Library"

United States. Department of State. Library. Commercial library operating procedures guide. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Department of State, Information Management, 1990.

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Signet, William D. Mexican law library commercial codes. St. Paul, Minn: West Pub., 1997.

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Armond, David. Survey on commercial document delivery practice. Buffalo, NY: W.S. Hein & Co., 2005.

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Manchester & Lancashire Family History Society., Hrsg. Commercial directories in Manchester Central Library: "The orange book". Manchester: Manchester and Lancashire Family History Society, 2004.

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American Law Institute-American Bar Association Committee on Continuing Professional Education., Hrsg. Commercial real estate leasing library: An ALI-ABA CD-ROM. Philadelphia, PA: American Law Institute-American Bar Association Committee on Continuing Professional Education, 1997.

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Mo, John. International commercial law. 3. Aufl. Chatswood, N.S.W: LexisNexis Butterworths, 2003.

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Mo, John. International commercial law. 2. Aufl. Sydney: Butterworths, 2000.

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Woodward, Hazel M. Café Jus: Commercial and Free Electronic Journals User Study. Boston Spa: British Library Research and Innovation Centre, 1997.

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Library, Hagley Museum and. Trade catalogs in the Hagley Museum and Library. Wilmington, Del: The Library, 1987.

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Rowlands, Davina. Commercial information directories and yearbooks: A list of commercial directories and yearbooks held in Central Library, The Hayes, Cardiff... (Cardiff): (South Glamorgan County Libraries), 1986.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Commercial Library"

Hutchins, W. John. „10. Commercial systems“. In Benjamins Translation Library, 161–74. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/btl.35.13hut.

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Bennett, Winfield Scott, und Laurie Gerber. „11. Inside commercial machine translation“. In Benjamins Translation Library, 175–90. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/btl.35.14ben.

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McHugh, Sheli, und Kristen Yarmey. „Commercial Uses and Library Implications“. In Near Field Communication, 21–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-02036-0_4.

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Murayama, Yuji. „Commercial Activities in a Small City“. In The GeoJournal Library, 199–207. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2006-9_10.

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Liu, Jingchuan, Ge Wang und Shuang Liang. „Hubei YAS Commercial Chain Co., Ltd. v. Danyang Yongsheng Motor Transport Co., Ltd.“ In Library of Selected Cases from the Chinese Court, 119–26. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6364-5_13.

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Si, Wei, und Zhe Liu. „Peng X v. Chengdu Rural Commercial Bank Co., Ltd. Cuqiao Subbranch, Chen X, et al.“ In Library of Selected Cases from the Chinese Court, 103–18. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6364-5_12.

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Sephton, Thomas W. „Return on Investment or How Not to Pay Commercial Licenses for Your Own Technology“. In The International Library of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Ethics, 85–92. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8835-3_7.

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Cao, Jiayin. „Wuliangye Yibin Co., Ltd. v. Gansu Binhe Food Industrial (Group) Co., Ltd., Beijing Tan’s Ruifeng Commercial and Trading Co., Ltd.“ In Library of Selected Cases from the Chinese Court, 341–47. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8410-4_34.

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Busch, Christoph. „From Algorithmic Transparency to Algorithmic Choice: European Perspectives on Recommender Systems and Platform Regulation“. In The International Library of Ethics, Law and Technology, 31–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34804-4_3.

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AbstractAlgorithmic recommendations and rankings have become a key feature of the user experience offered by digital platforms. Recommender systems determine which information and options are prominently presented to users. While there is abundant technical literature on recommender systems, the topic has only recently attracted the attention of the European legislator. This chapter scrutinizes the emerging European regulatory framework for algorithmic rankings and recommendations in the platform economy with a specific focus on online retail platforms. Surveying the new rules for rankings and recommender systems in consumer contract law, unfair commercial practices law, and platform regulation, it identifies shortcomings and inconsistencies and highlights the need for coherence between the different regulatory regimes. The Digital Services Act could change the regulatory trajectory by introducing (albeit hesitantly and incompletely) a new regulatory model that shifts the focus from algorithmic transparency to algorithmic choice. More importantly, a choice-based approach to recommender governance and a market for third-party recommender systems (“RecommenderTech”) could also be facilitated by the new interoperability requirements introduced by the Digital Markets Act.

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Luo, Dian, und Chengpeng Xing. „Yi X v. Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited Panjin Branch (Dispute over Bank Card)—Banks Should Exercise Their Duty of Utmost Care and Risk Warning When Receiving Deposits from Depositors“. In Library of Selected Cases from the Chinese Court, 161–68. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0342-9_14.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Commercial Library"

Chang, Xiao, Shengwen Li, Min Zhang, Shifeng Zhang, Dazhe Yang, Kai Xu, Yujun He und Ying Wang. „Voltage Sag Auxiliary Decision-Making Library“. In 2020 IEEE/IAS Industrial and Commercial Power System Asia (I&CPS Asia). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpsasia48933.2020.9208521.

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ZIMMER, M. „THE H1 DATA-QUALITY TOOL-GUI PROGRAMMING WITH A COMMERCIAL C++ CLASS-LIBRARY“. In Proceedings of the International Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814447188_0117.

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Zheng, Yunshuang, Shilan Hu und Nannan Xue. „Construction of Scene Library System for Commercial Vehicle Products Based on Multidimensional Terminal“. In CACML 2023: 2023 2nd Asia Conference on Algorithms, Computing and Machine Learning. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3590003.3590025.

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Liu, Jia, Weidong Yang, Yao Li, Ruitao Zhang, Jing Yang, Xiaogang Feng, Yuxin Wang, Dongbing Fu, Guangbing Chen und Ruzhang Li. „A radiation-hardened standard cell library for commercial 0.18 µm CMOS technology“. In 2014 IEEE 12th International Conference on Solid -State and Integrated Circuit Technology (ICSICT). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsict.2014.7021667.

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Anderson, John B. „Frequency Domain Vibration Analysis of Commercial Vehicles Based on a Modular Finite Element Library“. In International Truck & Bus Meeting & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2003-01-3415.

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Yang-Scharlotta, Jean, Steven M. Guertin, Lawrence T. Clark, Clifford S. Young-Sciortino, Jim D. Butler, Mohammad Mojarradi und Harald Schone. „ASIC Flow for Space Radiation Tolerant Components on Commercial Process Technologies— Part 1 Library Validation“. In 2022 IEEE Aerospace Conference (AERO). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aero53065.2022.9843660.

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Timoshenko, Igor. „Standard principles of managing digital rights to access electronic resources of library collections“. In Sixth World Professional Forum "The Book. Culture. Education. Innovations". Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/978-5-85638-236-4-2021-234-236.

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The key principles of managing digital rights (DRM) of access to electronic documents applicable to book trade and library services are discussed. Digital document types and popular e-book formats where DRM-systems are applicable, are analyzed. The significance of DRM systems standardization, their friendliness to users and e-book rightsholders, is substantiated. The key provisions of international standards implemented this year to regulate typology of copyright security tools as well as DRM systems characteristics based on data coding, are examined. The most popular commercial solutions for DRM systems are reviewed; non-commercial international Readium project is described. The project is aimed at designing and developing software modules to integrate standard DRM technology into automated information systems, including library AIS.

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Chong, Kwen-Siong, Bah-Hwee Gwee und Joseph S. Chang. „A Simple Methodology of Designing Asynchronous Circuits Using Commercial IC Design Tools and Standard Library Cells“. In 2007 International Symposium on Integrated Circuits - ISIC 2007. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isicir.2007.4441826.

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Railean, Еlena, und Natalia Cheradi. „The Marketing Mix As The Basis For The Implementation Of The Library's Marketing Strategy“. In 27th International Scientific Conference “Competitiveness and Innovation in the Knowledge Economy”. Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/cike2023.72.

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The article proposes the use of the concept of marketing management in a modern library, analyzes the formation of the marketing mix and its use in long-term planning. The features of the use of marketing mix tools in the library's marketing strategy, based on seven elements of the mix, are highlighted. The library's main marketing goal is to ensure the quality of its documentary potential and the availability of resources and services to users. What is important is not just the creation of a new demand, but the development and the most complete satisfaction of the existing one, using all the available means of the library. The concept of the marketing mix allows you to clearly structure and analyze the activities of the organization, identify new development opportunities and implement specific measures for its prosperity. The use of the marketing mix in practice is useful in analyzing the implementation of an organization's strategy, as well as when introducing a new product or service to the market. The non-commercial marketing tools in the work of the library make it possible to achieve its competitiveness through the constant study of the target audience, the creation of new information products, the study of market conditions, the provision of loyal users, and the effective promotion of the organization's products and services. The activity of modern libraries is becoming more intelligent and complex, therefore there is a growing interest in marketing techniques, such as the marketing mix, which ensures effective planning in the organization and contributes to the maximum adaptation of the library and information services system to the needs of users. Marketing helps organizations, including libraries, taking into account the needs and requirements of users, as much as possible correspond to the time, the market, and fully satisfy their needs.

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Salzano, Rachel, Hazel Hall und Gemma Webster. „Investigating the ‘Why?’ rather than the ‘How?’: current research priorities on the influence of culture on newcomer populations’ use of public libraries“. In ISIC: the Information Behaviour Conference. University of Borås, Borås, Sweden, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47989/irisic2032.

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Introduction. Library researchers are often concerned with the factors that affect individual use of public library resources. To date, culture as a determinant of public library use has not been fully explored across all public library populations. Method. As preparation for a larger study, a literature review on the information behaviours, and the use of public library resources, by newcomer populations was completed. This output was based on a literature search on commercial databases and Google Scholar. Thematic concept mapping surfaced relevant seams of extant literature of interest to the broader study. Results. Much of the literature cites socio-cultural/cultural factors as important influences on resource use in public libraries. However, few articulate these factors in detail, nor define their relationship to information behaviour and use. In addition, consideration of newcomer populations is often absent in these analyses. Conclusion. There is a case for further investigation on the influence of culture on newcomer populations’ use of public libraries. It is anticipated that improved understanding in this domain will help determine improved public library provision for newcomer populations.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Commercial Library"

Uber, D. C., und W. L. Searles. Adaptation of a commercial robot for genome library replication. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Januar 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10140910.

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Brody, Fern, Judith Brink, Anne Koenig, Dan Przybylak und Berenika M. Webster. Library Impact Research Report: Discovery of Published Information by Early-Career Science Faculty. Association of Research Libraries, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29242/report.pitt2022a.

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As part of ARL’s Research Library Impact Framework initiative, a team from the University of Pittsburgh Library System conducted a study to understand the information-seeking behavior of early-career faculty in the hard sciences. The team sought to learn how those faculty discover published content and if they use library-purchased commercial databases in the process. Additionally, the team wished to understand how much time and effort researchers invest when looking for content and what pain points they experience. Another objective of this project was to develop and evaluate a methodology for collecting and analyzing information about the library’s role in the research discovery process, for any part of the research life cycle. Thus, the results will guide library services, as well as shed light on ways libraries can support researchers in research discovery.

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Dubcovsky, Jorge, Tzion Fahima und Ann Blechl. Positional cloning of a gene responsible for high grain protein content in tetraploid wheat. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7695875.bard.

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High Grain Protein Content (GPC) is a desirable trait in breadmaking and pasta wheat varieties because of its positive effects on quality and nutritional value. However, selection for GPC is limited by our poor understanding of the genes involved in the accumulation of protein in the grain. The long-term goal of this project is to provide a better understanding of the genes controlling GPC in wheat. The specific objectives of this project were: a) to develop a high-density genetic map of the GPC gene in tetraploid wheat, b) to construct a T. turgidum Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) library, c) to construct a physical map of the GPC gene and identify a candidate for the GPC gene. A gene with a large effect on GPC was detected in Triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides and was previously mapped in the short arm of chromosome 6B. To define better the position of the Gpc-B1 locus we developed homozygous recombinant lines with recombination events within the QTL region. Except for the 30-cM region of the QTL these RSLs were isogenic for the rest of the genome minimizing the genetic variability. To minimize the environmental variability the RSLs were characterized using 10 replications in field experiments organized in a Randomized Complete Block Design, which were repeated three times. Using this strategy, we were able to map this QTL as a single Mendelian locus (Gpc-B1) on a 2.6-cM region flanked by RFLP markers Xcdo365 and Xucw67. All three experiments showed that the lines carrying the DIC allele had an average absolute increase in GPC of 14 g/kg. Using the RFLP flanking markers, we established the microcolinearity between a 2.l-cM region including the Gpc-B1 gene in wheat chromosome 6BS and a 350-kb region on rice chromosome 2. Rice genes from this region were used to screen the Triticeae EST collection, and these ESTs were used to saturate the Gpc-B1 region with molecular markers. With these new markers we were able to map the Gpc-B1 locus within a 0.3-cM region flanked by PCR markers Xucw83 and Xucw71. These flanking markers defined a 36-kb colinear region with rice, including one gene that is a potential candidate for the Gpc-B1 gene. To develop a physical map of the Gpc-B1 region in wheat we first constructed a BAC library of tetraploid wheat, from RSL#65 including the high Gpc-B1 allele. We generated half- million clones with an average size of l3l-kb (5.1 X genome equivalents for each of the two genomes). This coverage provides a 99.4% probability of recovering any gene from durum wheat. We used the Gpc-BI flanking markers to screen this BAC library and then completed the physical map by chromosome walking. The physical map included two overlapping BACs covering a region of approximately 250-kb, including two flanking markers and the Gpc-B1 gene. Efforts are underway to sequence these two BACs to determine if additional wheat genes are present in this region. Weare also developing new RSLs to further dissect this region. We developed PCR markers for flanking loci Xucw79andXucw71 to facilitate the introgression of this gene in commercial varieties by marker assisted selection (httQ://maswheat.ucdavis.edu/ orotocols/HGPC/index.hlm). Using these markers we introgressed the Gpc-B1 gene in numerous pasta and common wheat breeding lines.

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Altstein, Miriam, und Ronald J. Nachman. Rational Design of Insect Control Agent Prototypes Based on Pyrokinin/PBAN Neuropeptide Antagonists. United States Department of Agriculture, August 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7593398.bard.

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The general objective of this study was to develop rationally designed mimetic antagonists (and agonists) of the PK/PBAN Np class with enhanced bio-stability and bioavailability as prototypes for effective and environmentally friendly pest insect management agents. The PK/PBAN family is a multifunctional group of Nps that mediates key functions in insects (sex pheromone biosynthesis, cuticular melanization, myotropic activity, diapause and pupal development) and is, therefore, of high scientific and applied interest. The objectives of the current study were: (i) to identify an antagonist biophores (ii) to develop an arsenal of amphiphilic topically active PK/PBAN antagonists with an array of different time-release profiles based on the previously developed prototype analog; (iii) to develop rationally designed non-peptide SMLs based on the antagonist biophore determined in (i) and evaluate them in cloned receptor microplate binding assays and by pheromonotropic, melanotropic and pupariation in vivo assays. (iv) to clone PK/PBAN receptors (PK/PBAN-Rs) for further understanding of receptor-ligand interactions; (v) to develop microplate binding assays for screening the above SMLs. In the course of the granting period A series of amphiphilic PK/PBAN analogs based on a linear lead antagonist from the previous BARD grant was synthesized that incorporated a diverse array of hydrophobic groups (HR-Suc-A[dF]PRLa). Others were synthesized via the attachment of polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers. A hydrophobic, biostablePK/PBAN/DH analog DH-2Abf-K prevented the onset of the protective state of diapause in H. zea pupae [EC50=7 pmol/larva] following injection into the preceding larval stage. It effectively induces the crop pest to commit a form of ‘ecological suicide’. Evaluation of a set of amphiphilic PK analogs with a diverse array of hydrophobic groups of the formula HR-Suc-FTPRLa led to the identification of analog T-63 (HR=Decyl) that increased the extent of diapause termination by a factor of 70% when applied topically to newly emerged pupae. Another biostablePK analog PK-Oic-1 featured anti-feedant and aphicidal properties that matched the potency of some commercial aphicides. Native PK showed no significant activity. The aphicidal effects were blocked by a new PEGylated PK antagonist analog PK-dF-PEG4, suggesting that the activity is mediated by a PK/PBAN receptor and therefore indicative of a novel and selective mode-of-action. Using a novel transPro mimetic motif (dihydroimidazole; ‘Jones’) developed in previous BARD-sponsored work, the first antagonist for the diapause hormone (DH), DH-Jo, was developed and shown to block over 50% of H. zea pupal diapause termination activity of native DH. This novel antagonist development strategy may be applicable to other invertebrate and vertebrate hormones that feature a transPro in the active core. The research identifies a critical component of the antagonist biophore for this PK/PBAN receptor subtype, i.e. a trans-oriented Pro. Additional work led to the molecular cloning and functional characterization of the DH receptor from H. zea, allowing for the discovery of three other DH antagonist analogs: Drosophila ETH, a β-AA analog, and a dF analog. The receptor experiments identified an agonist (DH-2Abf-dA) with a maximal response greater than native DH. ‘Deconvolution’ of a rationally-designed nonpeptide heterocyclic combinatorial library with a cyclic bis-guanidino (BG) scaffold led to discovery of several members that elicited activity in a pupariation acceleration assay, and one that also showed activity in an H. zea diapause termination assay, eliciting a maximal response of 90%. Molecular cloning and functional characterization of a CAP2b antidiuretic receptor from the kissing bug (R. prolixus) as well as the first CAP2b and PK receptors from a tick was also achieved. Notably, the PK/PBAN-like receptor from the cattle fever tick is unique among known PK/PBAN and CAP2b receptors in that it can interact with both ligand types, providing further evidence for an evolutionary relationship between these two NP families. In the course of the granting period we also managed to clone the PK/PBAN-R of H. peltigera, to express it and the S. littoralis-R Sf-9 cells and to evaluate their interaction with a variety of PK/PBAN ligands. In addition, three functional microplate assays in a HTS format have been developed: a cell-membrane competitive ligand binding assay; a Ca flux assay and a whole cell cAMP ELISA. The Ca flux assay has been used for receptor characterization due to its extremely high sensitivity. Computer homology studies were carried out to predict both receptor’s SAR and based on this analysis 8 mutants have been generated. The bioavailability of small linear antagonistic peptides has been evaluated and was found to be highly effective as sex pheromone biosynthesis inhibitors. The activity of 11 new amphiphilic analogs has also been evaluated. Unfortunately, due to a problem with the Heliothis moth colony we were unable to select those with pheromonotropic antagonistic activity and further check their bioavailability. Six peptides exhibited some melanotropic antagonistic activity but due to the low inhibitory effect the peptides were not further tested for bioavailability in S. littoralis larvae. Despite the fact that no new antagonistic peptides were discovered in the course of this granting period the results contribute to a better understanding of the interaction of the PK/PBAN family of Nps with their receptors, provided several HT assays for screening of libraries of various origin for presence of PK/PBAN-Ragonists and antagonists and provided important practical information for the further design of new, peptide-based insecticide prototypes aimed at the disruption of key neuroendocrine physiological functions in pest insects.

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