Thematische Bibliographien / Colonization Society of the State of Connecticut

Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Colonization Society of the State of Connecticut“

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Veröffentlicht am 26. Juli 2024

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 27. Juli 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Colonization Society of the State of Connecticut"

Lawlor, Kelly, und Yunliang Meng. „The changing trend in songbirds’ abundance, variety and physical condition in Connecticut’s forestry habitat“. Forestry Studies 70, Nr. 1 (01.06.2019): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fsmu-2019-0002.

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Abstract Songbirds are facing rapid population declines in Connecticut due to habitat loss. Man-made habitats such as powerline corridors are one of the few remaining ideal habitats for songbirds in the state. This study aims to determine if the abundance and variety of song-birds in four selected forests (i.e. Naugatuck State Forest, Sharon Audubon Society, Miles Wildlife Sanctuary, and Great Mountain Forest Species Variety) in Connecticut show patterns of decline from 2005 to 2014. This study also compares the physical condition of songbirds captured along a powerline corridor in the Naugatuck State Forest with those captured in the rest three non-fragmented forests in Northwestern Connecticut using Mann-Whitney U tests. Weight and wingspan are used as indicators of bird physical condition. The results demonstrate that the three non-fragmented forests experienced a steady decline in the variety of songbirds between 2005 and 2014. In addition, songbirds’ abundance decreased steadily during the same period, except that of the ovenbird (Seiurus aurocapilla) and wood thrush (Hylocichla mustelina) in Miles Wildlife Sanctuary. The results from the Mann-Whitney U test have shown that after sex- and age-controlled features, the physical conditions of the three selective songbirds – veery (Catharus fuscescens), ovenbird, and wood thrush – tend to be better in the Naugatuck State Forest than in the three non-fragmented forests – Sharon Audubon Society, Miles Wildlife Sanctuary, and Great Mountain Forest Species Variety. Given are recommendations on how to protect the shrubland habitat along powerline corridors and how to create the shrubland habitat in non-fragmented forests.

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Woodward, W. W. „Connecticut History Online . Created and maintained by the Connecticut Historical Society, the Connecticut State Library, the Thomas J. Dodd Research Center at the University of Connecticut, Mystic Seaport, and the New Haven Colony Historical Society. Reviewed Oct. 4, 2005.“ Journal of American History 92, Nr. 4 (01.03.2006): 1534–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4486048.

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Markov, Zdravko, Ingrid Russell und Bill Eberle. „Report on the 29th International Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society Conference (FLAIRS-29)“. AI Magazine 37, Nr. 4 (17.01.2017): 81–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v37i4.2690.

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The 29th International Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society Conference (FLAIRS-29) was held May 16-18, 2016, at the Hilton Key Largo Resort in Key Largo, Florida, USA. The conference events included invited speakers, special tracks, and presentations of papers, posters, and awards. The conference chair was Bill Eberle from Tennessee Technological University. The program co-chairs were Zdravko Markov from Central Connecticut State University and Ingrid Russell from the University of Hartford. The special track were coordinated by Vasile Rus from University of Memphis.

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Rus, Vasile, Zdravko Markov und Ingrid Russell. „Report on the Thirtieth International Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society Conference (FLAIRS-30)“. AI Magazine 38, Nr. 3 (02.10.2017): 70–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v38i3.2753.

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The 30th International Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society Conference (FLAIRS-30) was held May 22–24, 2017, at the Hilton Marco Island Beach Resort and Spa in Marco Island, Florida, USA. The conference events included invited speakers, special tracks, and presentations of papers, posters, and awards. The conference chair was Ingrid Russell from the University of Hartford. The program cochairs were Vasile Rus from The University of Memphis and Zdravko Markov from Central Connecticut State University. The special tracks were coordinated by Keith Brawner from the Army Research Laboratory.

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Brawner, Keith, Vasile Rus, Roman Barták und Zdravko Markov. „Report on the Thirty-First International Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society Conference (FLAIRS-31)“. AI Magazine 39, Nr. 4 (01.12.2018): 23–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v39i4.2826.

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The Thirty-First International Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society Conference (FLAIRS-31) was held May 21-23, 2018, at the Crowne Plaza Oceanfront in Melbourne, Florida, USA. The conference events included invited speakers, special tracks, and presentations of papers, posters, and awards. The conference chair was Zdravko Markov from Central Connecticut State University. The program co-chairs were Vasile Rus from the University of Memphis and Keith Brawner from the Army Research Laboratory. The special tracks were coordinated by Roman Barták from Charles University in Prague.

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Crouch, Eric. „Man and Machine“. British Journal of Psychiatry 159, Nr. 6 (Dezember 1991): 28–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0007125000031962.

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Medical Technology and Society: An interdisciplinary Perspective is published by the MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts (£15,95 (pb), £26.95 (hb), 571 pp., 1990). Its publication is sponsored by the Affred P. Sloan Foundation as part of a New Liberal Arts Program for undergraduates. The authors, Joseph D. Bronzino, Vincent H. Smith and Maurice L Wade, are university teachers-Bronzino and Wade at Trinity College, Hartford Connecticut, and Vincent Smith is Professor at Montana State University.

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Burkhard, Daniel. „Integration through Land Improvement“. International Journal for History, Culture and Modernity 3, Nr. 2 (28.03.2015): 233–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18352/hcm.485.

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Internal colonization in Switzerland is often seen in connection with the battle for cultivation in the Second World War, but the history of internal colonization in Switzerland is more complex. The food crisis in the First World War formed the horizon of experience for various actors from industry, consumer protection, the urban population and agriculture to start considering practical strategies for managing agricultural production. In this way, traditional spaces, such as rural and urban areas and economic roles, such as food producer, consumer and trader, overlapped and were newly conceived to some extent: people started thinking about utopias and how a modern society could be designed to be harmonious and resistant to crisis. The aim of this article is to trace some of the key points in this process for the interwar years in neutral Switzerland. In the process, the focus must be on the context of people’s mentalities in the past, although the relationships between the actors of internal colonization and the state also need to be considered. Internal colonization in Switzerland in the twentieth century can be understood as an open process. In principle, the project was driven by private actors, but in times of crisis, the project was claimed by the state as a possible tool for social and economic intervention. In addition, as a result of the planned dissolution of urban and rural spaces, it will be shown that modern societies in the interwar period were on an existential search to overcome the problems of the modern age. Internal colonization can therefore be seen as an attempt to find a third way between a world characterized by an agrarian society and a modern industrial nation.

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Wolford, Wendy. „State-Society Dynamics in Contemporary Brazilian Land Reform“. Latin American Perspectives 43, Nr. 2 (05.02.2016): 77–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582x15623768.

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Over the past 15 years, land reform has returned from the “dustbin of history” to serve again as a viable policy option. Much has been written about its resurgence, with the research tending to focus narrowly on the role of prices, policies, and politics in shaping the design and outcome of distribution. While these are necessary elements to understand, their reification neglects the critical element of process. Land reform programs are implemented by an array of government actors and negotiated on the ground by beneficiaries, social movement activists, large farmers, and the general public. A messy assemblage of actors and interests shapes both the design and the outcome of distribution. Qualitative analysis of the federal agency in charge of land reform in Brazil, the Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária (National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform—INCRA), reveals that, in the context of increased citizen participation and reduced funding, the agency must work together with social movement activists to perform its task. The analysis suggests that the study of state-society relations today requires a new vocabulary that highlights substance and process rather than form.Nos últimos 15 anos, a reforma agrária foi resgatada do arquivo histórico para servir como opção políticamente viável. Muito se tem escrito sobre essa restauração. Pesquisas têm concentrado atenção no papel de preços, legislação e política no desenho e resultado da distribuição. Ainda que seja necessário entender esses elementos, sua ratificação ignora os elementos críticos do processo. Programas de reforma agrária são implementados por uma variedade de atores governamentais e negociados por beneficiários, ativistas de movimentos sociais, grandes agricultores e pelo público em geral. Um mosaico desengonçado de atores e interesses dão forma tanto ao desenho quanto ao resultado da distribuição. Análise qualitativa da agência federal responsável pela reforma agrária no Brasil, o Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária (INCRA), revela que, no contexto de maior participação de cidadãos e de recursos reduzidos, é importante que a agência atue coordenadamente com ativistas de movimentos sociais para desempenhar seu papel. A análise sugere que o estudo das relações entre sociedade e Estado hoje exige um novo vocabulário que acentue mais a importância de substância e processo do que da forma.

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Egerton, Douglas R., und Amos J. Beyan. „The American Colonization Society and the Creation of the Liberian State: A Historical Perspective, 1822-1900“. Journal of the Early Republic 11, Nr. 4 (1991): 574. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3123374.

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Gershoni, Yekutiel, und Amos J. Beyan. „The American Colonization Society and the Creation of the Liberian State: A Historical Perspective, 1822-1900“. International Journal of African Historical Studies 26, Nr. 2 (1993): 413. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/219564.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Colonization Society of the State of Connecticut"

Van, Sickle Eugene S. „The missionary presence and influences in Maryland in Liberia, 1834-1842“. Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1227.

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Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2000.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains iv, 60 p. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-59).

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Peck, Mikaere Michelle S. „Summerhill school is it possible in Aotearoa ??????? New Zealand ???????: Challenging the neo-liberal ideologies in our hegemonic schooling system“. The University of Waikato, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2794.

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The original purpose of this thesis is to explore the possibility of setting up a school in Aotearoa (New Zealand) that operates according to the principles and philosophies of Summerhill School in Suffolk, England. An examination of Summerhill School is therefore the purpose of this study, particularly because of its commitment to self-regulation and direct democracy for children. My argument within this study is that Summerhill presents precisely the type of model Māori as Tangata Whenua (Indigenous people of Aotearoa) need in our design of an alternative schooling programme, given that self-regulation and direct democracy are traits conducive to achieving Tino Rangitiratanga (Self-government, autonomy and control). In claiming this however, not only would Tangata Whenua benefit from this model of schooling; indeed it has the potential to serve the purpose of all people regardless of age race or gender. At present, no school in Aotearoa has replicated Summerhill's principles and philosophies in their entirety. Given the constraints of a Master's thesis, this piece of work is therefore only intended as a theoretical background study for a much larger kaupapa (purpose). It is my intention to produce a further and more comprehensive study in the future using Summerhill as a vehicle to initiate a model school in Aotearoa that is completely antithetical to the dominant neo-liberal philosophy of our age. To this end, my study intends to demonstrate how neo-liberal schooling is universally dictated by global money market trends, and how it is an ideology fueled by the indifferent acceptance of the general population. In other words, neo-liberal theory is a theory of capitalist colonisation. In order to address the long term vision, this project will be comprised of two major components. The first will be a study of the principal philosophies that govern Summerhill School. As I will argue, Summerhill creates an environment that is uniquely successful and fulfilling for the children who attend. At the same time, it will also be shown how it is a philosophy that is entirely contrary to a neo-liberal 3 mindset; an antidote, to a certain extent, to the ills of contemporary schooling. The second component will address the historical movement of schooling in Aotearoa since the Labour Party's landslide victory in 1984, and how the New Zealand Curriculum has been affected by these changes. I intend to trace the importation of neo-liberal methodologies into Aotearoa such as the 'Picot Taskforce,' 'Tomorrows Schools' and 'Bulk Funding,' to name but a few. The neo-liberal ideologies that have swept through this country in the last two decades have relentlessly metamorphosised departments into businesses and forced ministries into the marketplace, hence causing the 'ideological reduction of education' and confining it to the parameters of schooling. The purpose of this research project is to act as a catalyst for the ultimate materialization of an original vision; the implementation of a school like Summerhill in Aotearoa. A study of the neo-liberal ideologies that currently dominate this country is imperative in order to understand the current schooling situation in Aotearoa and create an informed comparison between the 'learning for freedom' style of Summerhill and the 'learning to earn' style of our status quo schools. It is my hope to strengthen the argument in favour of Summerhill philosophy by offering an understanding of the difference between the two completely opposing methods of learning.

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Bücher zum Thema "Colonization Society of the State of Connecticut"

Eastman, Ernest. A History of the state of Maryland in Liberia. Monrovia, Liberia: Bishop John Collins Teachers College, 2007.

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Eastman, Ernest. A History of the state of Maryland in Liberia. Monrovia, Liberia: Bishop John Collins Teachers College, 2007.

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Eastman, Ernest. A History of the state of Maryland in Liberia. Monrovia, Liberia: Bishop John Collins Teachers College, 2007.

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Connecticut Society of the Cincinnati. 1783 Society of the Cincinnati in the State of Connecticut. [Connecticut]: The Society, 1989.

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Society, Maryland Historical, Hrsg. On Afric's shore: A history of Maryland in Liberia, 1834-1857. Baltimore: Maryland Historical Society, 2003.

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Joseph, Tracy. Colonization and missions: A historical examination of the state of society in western Africa, as formed by paganism and Muhammedanism, slavery, the slave trade and piracy : and of the remedial influence of colonization and missions. Boston: T.R. Marvin, 1990.

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Amith, Jonathan D. The Möbius strip: A spatial history of colonial society in Guerrero, Mexico. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press, 2005.

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David, Humphreys. An essay on the life of the Honourable Major-General Israel Putnam: Addressed to the State Society of the Cincinnati in Connecticut and published by their Order. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 2000.

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Broome, Richard. Aboriginal Australians: Black responses to white dominance, 1788-2001. 3. Aufl. Crows Nest, N.S.W: Allen & Unwin, 2002.

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Price, Gareth. Language, Society, and the State: From Colonization to Globalization in Taiwan. De Gruyter, Inc., 2019.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Colonization Society of the State of Connecticut"

Gonzalez, Aston. „The Optics of Liberian Emigration“. In Visualizing Equality, 145–67. University of North Carolina Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469659961.003.0006.

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This chapter explores the life and work of Augustus Washington, the free African American photographer, who envisioned more rights and freedoms than those available in the United States. Anticipating a future in the United States bound by racial restraints, he packed up his successful photography studio in Hartford, Connecticut, and emigrated to Monrovia, Liberia. Washington worked closely with the American Colonization Society to convince black Americans to leave their homeland for Liberia and attempted to provoke viewers of his images to envision the potential of black rights in the United States that he enjoyed in Liberia. Washington’s images promulgating black Liberian political leadership and economic promise abroad offered a vision of freedom that belied a hierarchical, and often oppressive, Liberian society. In the wake of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, his images brought into focus the debates among African Americans about the uncertain, and perhaps imperiled, future of black people in the United States.

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„Taiwan Prior to Japanese Colonization“. In State and Society in the Taiwan Miracle, 35–45. Routledge, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315700625-8.

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Rohrer, James R. „The Connecticut Missionary Society“. In Keepers of The Covenant, 53–69. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195091663.003.0004.

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Abstract When the General Association of Connecticut convened at the Congregational meetinghouse in Windham in June 1797, an atmosphere of expectancy pervaded the gathering. For several years evangelicals in both England and America had been praying fervently for a general revival of God’s people. Now, many New Light ministers believed, an awakening was at hand. From across the ocean came stirring news of wondrous missionary advances in Africa and the South Seas, while at home unusual “seriousness” seemed evident among many congregations throughout the state. New Divinity stalwart Charles Backus of Somers reported the commencement of “a great work” among his people, triggered, he believed, by a series of “sermons upon the inspiration of the scriptures.” In April word arrived of a “considerable awakening” in New York City, followed within weeks by missionary Seth Williston’s report of a marvelous outpouring of God’s Spirit in the Chenango settlements. These developments fired the imagination of New Lights and fueled millennial hopes that transformed the budding missionary movement.

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Murphy, Gretchen. „Lydia Sigourney in the Land of Steady Habits“. In New England Women Writers, Secularity, and the Federalist Politics of Church and State, 88–118. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198864950.003.0004.

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This chapter examines Lydia Huntley Sigourney’s early writing (Moral Pieces in Prose and Verse and Sketch of Connecticut) and her life writing to understand her projects of affiliating with Connecticut Federalism and narrating continuity between Connecticut Federalism its political successors after the War of 1812. It examines her historical portrayal of conflicts over social class, religion, and government, including the Hartford Convention and the state watershed election of 1818, Congregationalism and religious toleration, and Mohegan evangelism and Samson Occum, as well as Sigourney’s autobiographical portrayal of her own shifting position in these conflicts. This analysis complicates two scholarly tendencies: to portray Sigourney as a democratic, working-class poet and to oppose mass market sentimental piety with the old order of New England Puritanism and established religion. It shows instead that Sigourney represented herself as a Federalist daughter harkening back to and adapting the vision of a classically republican organic society. Her treatment of religious tolerance is shown to be central to this project insofar as it was both a means to deflect criticism of the Federalists and to adapt arguments for state religion to a new era of religious privatization.

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„Colonization, war, and slaveraiding on the Black Sea steppe in the sixteenth century“. In Warfare, State and Society on the Black Sea Steppe, 1500–1700, 17–56. Routledge, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203961766-10.

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Murray, Robert. „Introduction“. In Atlantic Passages, 1–22. University Press of Florida, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813066752.003.0001.

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The introduction summarizes the content of the chapters and places the research in a broader context. This book focuses on the experiences and beliefs of the African American settlers and Africans in the colony of Liberia and on its earliest years as a republic after independence in 1847. Readers will notice that while Murray examines Liberia and Liberians broadly, he often focuses his analytical gaze upon the independent colony of Maryland in Liberia, established by the Maryland State Colonization Society (MSCS) in 1834. The MSCS desired to shift colonization in a more antislavery direction and did not believe it could accomplish this goal within the confines of the American Society for Colonizing the Free People of Color (the American Colonization Society or ACS).

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Nunez, Elsa M. „Balancing Access and Quality“. In The Evolving College Presidency, 126–54. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-4235-7.ch008.

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Dr. Elsa M. Núñez, president of Eastern Connecticut State University, describes her personal and professional journey to bring the promise of a college degree to underrepresented students. The chapter explores the academic achievement gap in Connecticut, the importance of a college degree in today's technological society, and the need to provide access to higher education to a growing minority population long denied access to college. Dr. Núñez then uses two programs at Eastern—the Dual College Enrollment Program and Eastern's participation in a national program for undocumented students—to demonstrate how this New England public university has been able to enroll students from marginalized communities and provide them with an engaged campus experience that leads to graduation. Even as Eastern has impacted the lives of underrepresented students, the university has maintained the quality of the education its students receive. U.S. News and World Report's 2022 rankings place Eastern #1 in New England among public regional universities for the third year in a row.

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Lindsey, Susan E. „Serious Doubts on the Slavery Question“. In Liberty Brought Us Here, 19–26. University Press of Kentucky, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813179339.003.0004.

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After his return to Kentucky, Ben Major becomes deeply involved in the nascent Christian Church (Disciples of Christ); its founders, Alexander Campbell and Barton W. Stone, stridently oppose slavery. Ben had long harbored doubts about slavery. Now, driven by his new faith and memories of the brutal New Orleans slave markets, he decides to free his enslaved people. He becomes a life member of the American Colonization Society but learns that emancipation is not a simple process. Ben creates a multi-year plan that includes teaching his slaves to read and write. He also makes plans to move his own family from the slave state of Kentucky to the free state of Illinois and purchases land in Tazewell County, Illinois. When a colonization society agent, G. W. McElroy, travels through southwestern Kentucky, Ben’s slaves are turned over to him for transport to New York.

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Mawson, Stephanie Joy. „Introduction“. In Incomplete Conquests, 1–17. Cornell University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501770265.003.0001.

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This introductory chapter provides an overview of the myriad factors that placed limitations on the establishment and expansion of the Spanish empire in the Philippines. Just as colonization impacted uncolonized spaces, so too did the uncolonized have an impact on colonized spaces. By virtue of existing and even thriving outside colonial rule, such spaces fueled resistance to colonization elsewhere. From the late sixteenth century onward, Cagayan was the site of ongoing and extensive rebellion against colonial rule. The territorial boundaries of Spanish sovereignty were thus defined by the agency of Philippine communities, who resisted incorporation into colonial settlements through evasion and flight, warfare, rebellion, raiding, and killing. Crucially, what has sometimes been seen as the inherent weakness of Philippine precolonial society—intense social fragmentation and the lack of any established state-like structures—was in fact a real strength when confronting colonial expansion.

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Cumbler, John T. „Health, State Medicine, and Henry Ingersoll Bowditch The Radical Approach“. In Reasonable Use. Oxford University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195138139.003.0010.

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On September 15, 1869, Massachusetts governor Andrew appointed seven members to the state board of health. The men appointed to that board had a new vision of medicine and the roles of science and the state in protecting health. For these men, medicine should do more than just cure; it must also prevent illness. Their understanding of illness was expansive, and it led them to a concern about filth and pollution. They also came to believe that for science and medicine to perform their new role in society, they needed the backing and power of the state. On September 22, the board met for the first time, electing George Derby as secretary and Henry Ingersoll Bowditch as chair. Bowditch was a logical choice for chair. In addition to being one of the region’s leading doctors, he came from a respected Boston family, and he held the professorship of clinical medicine at Harvard School of Medicine. He was vice president of the American Medical Association (later he would be president) and the author of several scientificjournal articles. Bowditch served as a medical volunteer to the Union army and lost a son in battle. Moreover, it had been his idea to form a state board of health. In a speech before the Massachusetts Medical Society in 1862, Bowditch argued that medicine should serve the people. To do so required the creation of a state board of health, “one that eventually will be of more service . . . to the inhabitants of this state . . . by [its] united and persistent efforts to increase the state authority.” Bowditch was not the only one to advocate for a state board. Dr. Edward Jarvis, a well known sanitary reformer, had as well, and along with Bowditch, he pushed the idea, only to have it fail in the legislative house in April of 1866 as “inexpedient,” despite Governor Andrew’s endorsement. Three years later, a typhoid epidemic in western Massachusetts encouraged state representatives from the Connecticut River Valley and farther west to back a bill for a state board.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Colonization Society of the State of Connecticut"

Saville, Alan, und Caroline Wickham-Jones, Hrsg. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland : Scottish Archaeological Research Framework Panel Report. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, Juni 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.163.

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Why research Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland? Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology sheds light on the first colonisation and subsequent early inhabitation of Scotland. It is a growing and exciting field where increasing Scottish evidence has been given wider significance in the context of European prehistory. It extends over a long period, which saw great changes, including substantial environmental transformations, and the impact of, and societal response to, climate change. The period as a whole provides the foundation for the human occupation of Scotland and is crucial for understanding prehistoric society, both for Scotland and across North-West Europe. Within the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic periods there are considerable opportunities for pioneering research. Individual projects can still have a substantial impact and there remain opportunities for pioneering discoveries including cemeteries, domestic and other structures, stratified sites, and for exploring the huge evidential potential of water-logged and underwater sites. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology also stimulates and draws upon exciting multi-disciplinary collaborations. Panel Task and Remit The panel remit was to review critically the current state of knowledge and consider promising areas of future research into the earliest prehistory of Scotland. This was undertaken with a view to improved understanding of all aspects of the colonization and inhabitation of the country by peoples practising a wholly hunter-fisher-gatherer way of life prior to the advent of farming. In so doing, it was recognised as particularly important that both environmental data (including vegetation, fauna, sea level, and landscape work) and cultural change during this period be evaluated. The resultant report, outlines the different areas of research in which archaeologists interested in early prehistory work, and highlights the research topics to which they aspire. The report is structured by theme: history of investigation; reconstruction of the environment; the nature of the archaeological record; methodologies for recreating the past; and finally, the lifestyles of past people – the latter representing both a statement of current knowledge and the ultimate aim for archaeologists; the goal of all the former sections. The document is reinforced by material on-line which provides further detail and resources. The Palaeolithic and Mesolithic panel report of ScARF is intended as a resource to be utilised, built upon, and kept updated, hopefully by those it has helped inspire and inform as well as those who follow in their footsteps. Future Research The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarized under four key headings:  Visibility: Due to the considerable length of time over which sites were formed, and the predominant mobility of the population, early prehistoric remains are to be found right across the landscape, although they often survive as ephemeral traces and in low densities. Therefore, all archaeological work should take into account the expectation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic ScARF Panel Report iv encountering early prehistoric remains. This applies equally to both commercial and research archaeology, and to amateur activity which often makes the initial discovery. This should not be seen as an obstacle, but as a benefit, and not finding such remains should be cause for question. There is no doubt that important evidence of these periods remains unrecognised in private, public, and commercial collections and there is a strong need for backlog evaluation, proper curation and analysis. The inadequate representation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic information in existing national and local databases must be addressed.  Collaboration: Multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross- sector approaches must be encouraged – site prospection, prediction, recognition, and contextualisation are key areas to this end. Reconstructing past environments and their chronological frameworks, and exploring submerged and buried landscapes offer existing examples of fruitful, cross-disciplinary work. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology has an important place within Quaternary science and the potential for deeply buried remains means that geoarchaeology should have a prominent role.  Innovation: Research-led projects are currently making a substantial impact across all aspects of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology; a funding policy that acknowledges risk and promotes the innovation that these periods demand should be encouraged. The exploration of lesser known areas, work on different types of site, new approaches to artefacts, and the application of novel methodologies should all be promoted when engaging with the challenges of early prehistory.  Tackling the ‘big questions’: Archaeologists should engage with the big questions of earliest prehistory in Scotland, including the colonisation of new land, how lifestyles in past societies were organized, the effects of and the responses to environmental change, and the transitions to new modes of life. This should be done through a holistic view of the available data, encompassing all the complexities of interpretation and developing competing and testable models. Scottish data can be used to address many of the currently topical research topics in archaeology, and will provide a springboard to a better understanding of early prehistoric life in Scotland and beyond.

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