Thematische Bibliographien / Cognitive limitation

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Cognitive limitation“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 25. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 4. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Cognitive limitation"

Houy, Nicolas. „Exclusion by cognitive limitation“. Economics Letters 90, Nr. 3 (März 2006): 317–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2005.08.022.

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Leahy, Robert L. „Strategic Self-Limitation“. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 13, Nr. 4 (Januar 1999): 275–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.13.4.275.

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Traditionally, cognitive therapy has viewed psychopathology as a consequence of dysfunctional information processing and maladaptive assumptions or imperatives. However, one may also view dysfunctional behavior and cognition as purposive and as setting desired limits on individual change. Change always implies some risk and uncertainty and individuals may manage this risk and uncertainty by creating barriers to change or to self-evaluation. The resistant patient is viewed as invested in avoiding evaluation of the self under “optimal” conditions by obscuring attributional processes regarding the self. Self-handicapping strategies of resistance include noncompliance with homework, personal attacks on the therapist, distancing and volatility in emotions, waiting for readiness to change, and insistence on hopelessness. Therapeutic interventions include direct identification of self-handicapping as a strategy, examining the negative implications of achieving goals, investment in self-idealization rather than self-acceptance, and experimentation with success.

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Stieger, Stefan, und Ulf-Dietrich Reips. „A limitation of the Cognitive Reflection Test: familiarity“. PeerJ 4 (06.09.2016): e2395. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2395.

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The Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT; Frederick, 2005) is a frequently used measure of cognitive vs. intuitive reflection. It is also a frequently found entertaining ‘test’ on the Internet. In a large age-stratified community-based sample (N= 2,272), we analyzed the impact of having already performed the CRT or any similar task in the past. Indeed, we found that 44% of participants had experiences with these tasks, which was reflected in higher CRT scores (Cohen’sd= 0.41). Furthermore, experienced participants were different from naïve participants in regard to their socio-demographics (younger, higher educated, fewer siblings, more likely single or in a relationship than married, having no children). The best predictors of a high CRT score were the highest educational qualification (4.62% explained variance) followed by the experience with the task (3.06%). Therefore, we suggest using more recent multi-item CRTs with newer items and a more elaborated test construction.

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Diallo, Abdoulaye, Shawn P. Saladin, Darlene A. G. Groomes, Jerome Fischer und Sandra Hansmann. „Conceptualizing the Use of Cognitive Interventions Among Persons with Intellectual Disabilities Who Experience Depression“. Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 44, Nr. 4 (01.12.2013): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.44.4.3.

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Depression can affect the lives of all persons and can have especially profound implications on those with cognitive limitations; however, depression need not be an insurmountable roadblock to employment for persons with intellectual disabilities. Cognitive interventions - such as life story approach, socio-cognitive, and rational emotive behavior therapy-can be effective for litigating problems with depression among those with cognitive limitation including employment-related barriers due to depression. This article reviews how counselors can use cognitive interventions' behavioral and cognitive components to assist those with intellectual disabilities with depression

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Cheng, Andy S. K., Lauren O. C. Lau, Yvonne N. H. Ma, Rain H. Ngai und Sanne S. L. Fong. „Impact of Cognitive and Psychological Symptoms on Work Productivity and Quality of Life among Breast Cancer Survivors in Hong Kong“. Hong Kong Journal of Occupational Therapy 28, Nr. 1 (Dezember 2016): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hkjot.2016.11.002.

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Objective/Background Employed breast cancer survivors (BCS) may experience residual symptoms that can impact their work productivity and quality of life (QoL), but it is unclear whether such associations exist among BCS in Hong Kong. Therefore, this study was designed to explore the symptom burden (cognitive limitation and psychological distress) of employed BCS in HK, and to investigate whether such factors are related to work productivity and QoL. Methods A cross-sectional study including employed BCS (n = 30), women with musculoskeletal conditions (n = 30), and healthy women (n = 30) was conducted. Participants completed a questionnaire covering their sociodemographics, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Cognitive Symptom Checklist, Work Limitation Questionnaire, and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire C30. Results The self-perceived cognitive limitations at work of BCS were significantly higher than that of the healthy control group (5.33 vs. 2.60; p < .05). The cognitive limitations in BCS were significantly associated with their QoL (β = —0.320; p = .032). A negative relationship between depression and QoL in BCS was also observed in this study. Conclusion This exploratory study provides local evidence that BCS experience greater work-task related cognitive limitations and that is related to QoL. Similar to findings in other countries, this provides insight for the consideration of early identification of cognitive problems in this particular patient group. Further studies may be needed to further substantiate such findings and to examine the effectiveness of potential cognitive interventions.

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Fouts, Avery. „Divine Self-Limitation in Swinburne's Doctrine of Omniscience“. Religious Studies 29, Nr. 1 (März 1993): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034412500022010.

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In his book, The Coherence of Theism, Richard Swinburne seeks to construct a coherent doctrine of God. As a part of this endeavour he examines the idea of omniscience in chapter 10. One of Swinburne's conclusions is that God as an omniscient being must engage in cognitive self-limitation in order to preserve the freedom of both divine and human future actions. In this paper, I want to look at his argument as it is presented in this chapter. I will conclude that Swinburne's position on divine cognitive self-limitation results in an internal contradiction.

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Heath, Richard A., und Brett K. Hayes. „Why is capacity limited? Missing dynamics and developmental controversies“. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 21, Nr. 6 (Dezember 1998): 839–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x98311760.

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The discovery of a quaternary complexity limitation to mature cognitive operations raises important theoretical issues. We propose that cognitive limitations arise naturally in a complex dynamic information processing system, and consider problems such as the distinction between parallel and serial processes and the representativeness of the empirical data base used by Halford et al. to support their relational complexity scheme.

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Zheng, Jiakun, Junyi Liu und Ruopeng An. „Functional limitation and cognitive impairment among 80+ year old Chinese“. Australasian Journal on Ageing 35, Nr. 4 (19.06.2016): 266–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajag.12341.

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Kuo, Wei-Yu, Tse-Chun Lin und Jing Zhao. „Cognitive Limitation and Investment Performance: Evidence from Limit Order Clustering“. Review of Financial Studies 28, Nr. 3 (06.09.2014): 838–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhu044.

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Santos-Álvarez, Valle, und Teresa García Merino. „The Export Decision and the Cognitive Limitation of the Managers“. Journal of Information & Knowledge Management 07, Nr. 02 (Juni 2008): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021964920800197x.

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The object of this research is to present a theoretical model about the process of management perception of the factors which intervene in the export decision (strategic interest and accessibility to overseas markets). With that aim, the phases which constitute the perception process are identified — the selection of stimuli and interpretation — and the associated bias. Specifically, we identify two: bias by omission and bias by imprecise meaning. The use of different sources of information as well as the influence of the network of relations of the management allows us to investigate thoroughly the filters through which the informative stimuli pass which converge in the decision to export.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Cognitive limitation"

Zhao, Jing, und 趙靜. „Cognitive limitation, herding behavior, and investment performance“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/207201.

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This dissertation consists of two empirical essays about the cognitive limitation, herding behavior, and their association with investment performance. The essays utilize the detailed quotes and trades data in the Taiwan Futures Exchange with investor account identity, to study the cognitive limitation and herding behavior of the investors, and the association between the cognitive limitation, herding behavior, and the investment performance. In the first essay, I hypothesize that cognitive limitation maybe manifested in a disproportionately large volume of limit orders submitted at round-number prices if investors use these numbers as cognitive shortcuts., I find that investors with lower cognitive abilities, defined as higher limit order submission ratios at round numbers, suffer greater losses in their round-numbered and non-round-numbered limit orders, market orders, and round-trip trades. The positive correlation between cognitive ability and investment performance is monotonic and robust across futures and options markets. In addition, past trading experience helps mitigate the cognitive limitation. The second essay studies the herding behavior of investors. The second essay studies the herding behavior of investors. I find that individual investors trade in the same direction with other individual investors in the same branch of a broker. Individual investors’ tendency to herd is persistent, and it is negatively associated with their cognitive abilities and trading experience. The higher the herding tendency of an individual investor is, the worse she performs in her investments. Importantly, the negative association between herding and investment performance is driven by the orders that are traded in the same direction with other individual investors. Our results suggest that herding with other individuals imposes a direct cost to individual investors.
published_or_final_version
Economics and Finance
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy

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Tajan, Romain. „Mécanismes de retransmission Hybrid-ARQ en radio-cognitive“. Phd thesis, Université de Cergy Pontoise, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00967013.

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Dans les standards actuels tels que HSDPA ou LTE, des protocoles de retransmissions (ARQ: Automatic Repeat reQuest) sont utilisés conjointement au codage de canal afin de palier aux erreurs dues à l'absence ou la mauvaise de connaissance de canal à la transmission. On garantit ainsi la fiabilité du lien physique pour les couches OSI supérieures (du moins un taux d'erreur paquet faible). De tels protocoles sont appelés protocoles de retransmission hybrides (HARQ). L'objet de cette thèse est de proposer des outils permettant l'analyse et l'optimisation des systèmes de communication en présences de protocoles HARQ avec une emphase particulière sur les systèmes cognitifs.Dans la première partie, nous étudierons un système point-à-point dans lequel trois différents protocoles HARQ adaptatifs seront considérés. Dans un premier temps, nous considérerons le régime asymptotique (i.e. codes optimaux gaussiens). Nous proposerons, dans ce cas, deux optimisations possibles : la minimisation de la puissance moyenne sous la contrainte de débit moyen et la maximisation du débit moyen sous une contrainte de puissance moyenne. Nous montrerons que les Processus de Décision Markoviens (MDP) sont des outils adaptés aux problèmes d'optimisation considérés.Dans les standards actuels tels que HSDPA ou LTE, des protocoles de retransmissions (ARQ: Automatic Repeat reQuest) sont utilisés conjointement au codage de canal afin de palier aux erreurs dues à l'absence ou la mauvaise de connaissance de canal à la transmission. On garantit ainsi la fiabilité du lien physique pour les couches OSI supérieures (du moins un taux d'erreur paquet faible). De tels protocoles sont appelés protocoles de retransmission hybrides (HARQ). L'objectif de cette thèse est de proposer des outils permettant l'analyse et l'optimisation des systèmes de communication en présences de protocoles HARQ avec une emphase particulière sur les systèmes cognitifs. La radio cognitive est une approche permettant à des utilisateurs non-licenciés de communiquer dans les mêmes bandes de fréquences que des utilisateurs licenciés afin d'augmenter l'efficacité spectrale des réseaux sans fil. Les utilisateurs secondaires doivent néanmoins limiter les interférences générées sur les signaux des utilisateurs primaires. Dans ce contexte, nous étudierons les débits atteignables par un utilisateur secondaire utilisant l'observation du protocole HARQ de l'utilisateur primaire afin de contrôler son interférence.

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Berggren, Emelie, und Maria Larsson. „Individuellt anpassat träningsprogram och/ eller gångträning i Syfte att utveckla gångförmågan hos äldre“. Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-31503.

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Bakgrund: Befolkningen blir allt äldre och ökad ålder medför funktionsnedsättningar som minskad muskelmassa och balans. Det påverkar gången negativt, men genom att träna funktionellt eller träna upp muskelstyrkan och balansen kan äldres gångförmåga förbättras. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur äldres gångförmåga, self-efficacy och eventuell oro inför att gå påverkas av två olika åttaveckors interventioner med träning inom kommunal verksamhet, samt hur följsamhet till träning påverkas av self-efficacy och eventuell oro. Metod: Studiedesignen är en experimentell design i form av pretest-posttest control group som är en form av RCT. Nitton deltagare ≥65 år rekryterades via konsekutivt urval. Testresultat från TUG, självvald gånghastighet och skattningar på oro och self-efficacy inför att gå samlades in. Resultat: Ingen signifikant skillnad (p>0,05) förekom mellan eller inom grupperna med avseende på testvariablerna. Korrelationsanalyserna visade på ingen, låga och moderata korrelationer, både positiva och negativa men inga signifikanta korrelationer observerades. Slutsats: Resultatet i studien kan inte generaliseras till en större population, men kan vara till grund för ytterligare studier med ett större stickprov som randomiseras utifrån populationen. Ytterligare studier krävs med syfte att undersöka om enbart gångträning är effektivt för att utveckla gångförmågan.
Background: Since the population is aging the decrease in muscle function and balance impairments leads to increased disable. Which has a negative impact on walking ability, though through functional training, by training muscle strength and balance can enhance walking ability in elderly. Aim: The purpose of the study is to investigate how elderly people walking ability, self-efficacy and any anxiety about going, influenced by two different eight-week interventions within municipal operations, and how adherence to exercise is influenced by self-efficacy and anxiety. Method: The study design is an experimental variant of the pretest-posttest control group design. Nineteen participants’ ≥65 years recruited consecutively through selection. Test results from TUG, self-selected walking speed, and estimates on anxiety and self-efficacy before going was collected. Result: No significant difference (p>0, 05) occurred between or within groups for the test variables. The correlation analysis showed none, low, moderate correlation, both positive and negative but no significant correlations was observed. Conclusion: The results of the study can’t be generalized to a larger population, but can be the basis for further studies with a larger sample to be randomized on the basis of population. More studies are needed to investigate if only walking exercise is effective for developing the walking ability.

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Mattsson, Catrin, und Maria Sjöström. „Design av påminnelsefunktioner för att stödja individer med kognitionsnedsättning“. Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för informationsteknologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-44566.

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Det är vanligt att gränssnitt utformas med komplexa interaktioner och större mängder information, där användare förväntas besitta typisk fysisk, psykisk och intellektuell förmåga. Designas gränssnitt utifrån dessa förväntningar kan resultatet bli att icke normtypiska användargrupper exkluderas, däribland individer med kognitiv nedsättning. Kognitiv nedsättning har i denna studie begränsats till de tre symptomen minnesbortfall, hjärntrötthet samt överstimulans. För att inkludera individer med kognitiv nedsättning i användning samt stödja minnesbortfall ämnar denna studie att genom en designorienterad ansats besvara frågeställningen “Hur kan en aktiv påminnelsefunktion designas för att stödja individer med kognitiv nedsättning”. Designriktlinjer har framtagits utifrån litteratur och utvärderats genom en prototyp med nio testpersoner som erfarit symptomen. Studien resulterar i kunskapsbidraget att en aktiv påminnelsefunktion bör designas med hänsyn till att dela upp information med minimalt krav på beslutstagande, kommunicera brådska, använda igenkänningsbara element samt ge användare kontroll och stöd för besluttagande.
It is common to design interfaces with complex interactions as well as large amounts of information, where users are expected to have typical physical, psychological and intellectual abilities. If interfaces are designed based on these expectations, the result may be that non-normative user groups are excluded, including individuals with cognitive limitations. In this study, cognitive limitations have been restricted to the three symptoms: memory loss, fatigue and overstimulation. To include people with cognitive limitations in use and to support memory loss, this study aims to answer the question "How can an active reminder be designed to support individuals with cognitive limitation" through a design-oriented approach. Design guidelines have been developed based on literature and evaluated through a prototype with nine participants who have experienced the symptoms. The study results in the knowledge contribution that an active reminder should be designed with divided information including minimal decision-making, communicate urgency, use recognizable elements and give users control as well as support for decision-making.

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Hayiou-Thomas, Marianna. „Perceptual and cognitive processing limitations in specific language impairment“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0a3c8903-a93a-4473-9fc5-fe1ef87656c9.

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The experiments presented in this thesis explored the possibility that an underlying cause of specific language impairment (SLI) may be a deficit in perceptual or cognitive information processing. The first three studies tested the hypothesis that children with SLI have impaired perception of the dynamic elements of visual and auditory stimuli, as proposed in the magnocellular hypothesis for developmental dyslexia. The experimental predictions were that a) children with SLI would have poor sensitivity to coherent motion (but not coherent form) stimuli relative to chronological-age matched controls; b) children with SLI would have poorer sensitivity than controls to slow (but not fast) rates of frequency modulation in a tone; c) sensitivity to slow rates of frequency modulation (FM) would correlate with children's performance on a set of tests of phonological skill. Overall, these predictions were not corroborated by the results, and the conclusion drawn from this set of studies is that a magnocellular impairment of the type reported in dyslexia is unlikely to be a causal factor in SLI. The second three studies used a grammaticality judgement task to focus on inflectional morphology, an area of language which poses particularly marked difficulty for many children with SLI. The findings from Study 4 suggested that children's performance on the grammaticality judgement task overall was strongly related to phonological discrimination ability, but was unaffected by the specific inflectional allomorph tested. The final two studies manipulated the information processing load of the grammaticality judgement task, in Study 5 to simulate (successfully) SLI-like performance in a group of typically developing children, and in Study 6 to attempt (unsuccessfully) to improve performance in a group of children with SLI. These results are compatible with the idea that the profile of language difficulties experienced by many children with SLI is due to a processing deficit in the early stages of language acquisition which interrupts the establishment of robust linguistic representations. The nature of this processing deficit is as yet unclear, though the current findings do not support the suggestion of a central auditory impairment. It is possible that a number of distinct deficits, such as poor phonological memory or reduced speed of processing, may produce a broadly similar linguistic profile in different individuals.

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Draine, Sean C. „Analytic limitations of unconscious language processing /“. Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9143.

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Jardaneh, Said. „AN EXPLORATION OF THE POTENTIALS AND LIMITATIONS OF ADAPTING TRADITIONAL TEXT-BASED NARRATIVE TO INTERACTIVE TECHNOLOGY“. Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2519.

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Narrative is expressed in many forms, yet the reading of narrative through books may be unique in its transformative qualities. The medium of books has existed for thousands of years as a primary means of passing down and internalizing narrative from generation to generation. Are books now a dying medium in the face of ever-advancing technology in an increasingly fast-paced and technologically-dependent society? Technology now incorporates narrative into interactive environments in various ways often immersing the user in ever more realistic experiential scenarios. Yet, is something potentially lost with these advancements that can only be afforded through the time-tested method of old-fashioned reading? What makes reading so compelling a medium/activity for personal development? Does experience in these interactive environments offer the same transformative intrinsic experience afforded through the tranquil receptive processing, reflective elaboration and insight offered through the reading of books? This thesis seeks to explore these questions by looking at three major factors that must be considered in furthering our understanding of the potentials and limitations of interactive narrative technologies as they compare to narrative delivered via the established medium of books: 1) theories of self, identity/character, cognitive development and behavior (specifically as these relate to traditional text-based narrative), 2) theory and research associated with narrative transportation and transformation, and 3) current and future efforts to adapt narrative to the medium of interactive technology.
M.A.
Department of Liberal and Interdisciplinary Studies
Arts and Humanities
Interdisciplinary Studies MA

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Toots, Annika. „Gait speed and physical exercise in people with dementia“. Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Fysioterapi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-128733.

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The aim of the thesis was to investigate the importance of physical function for survival in very old people, and furthermore, whether physical exercise could influence physical function, cognitive function, and dependence in activities of daily living (ADLs) in older people with dementia living in nursing homes. The world’s population is ageing. Given the age-related increase in chronic disease such as dementia and compounded by physical inactivity, the prevalence in need for assistance and are in daily activities in older people is expected to increase in the near future. Gait speed, a measure of physical function, has been shown to be associated with health and survival. However, studies of the oldest people in the population, including those dependent in ADLs, living in nursing homes and with dementia, are few. Moreover, in people with dementia physical exercise may improve physical and cognitive function and reduce dependence in ADLs. Further large studies with high methodological quality and with designs incorporating attention control groups are needed in this population. In addition, no study has compared exercise effects between dementia types. The association between gait speed and survival was investigated in a population based cohort study of 772 people aged 85 years and over. Usual gait speed was assessed over 2.4 metres and mortality followed for five years. Cox proportional hazard regression models adjusted for potential confounders were used in analyses. Effects of physical exercise in people with dementia were investigated in a randomised controlled trial that included 186 participants with various dementia types living in nursing homes. Participants were allocated to the High-Intensity Functional Exercise (HIFE) program or a seated control activity, which both lasted 45 minutes and held five times fortnightly for four months. Dependence in ADLs was assessed with Functional Independence Measure and Barthel ADL Index, and balance with Berg Balance Scale. Usual gait speed was evaluated over 4.0 metres in two tests; first using habitual walking aid if any, and thereafter without walking aid and with minimum living support. Global cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive subscale, and executive function using Verbal fluency. Blinded testers performed assessments at baseline, four (directly after intervention completion) and seven months. Analyses used linear mixed models in agreement with the intention-to-treat principle. Gait speed was found to be an independent predictor of five-year all-cause mortality, where inability to complete the gait test or a gait speed below 0.5 iv meters per second (m/s) was associated with higher mortality risk. In analyses of exercise effects on ADLs there was no difference between groups in the complete sample. Interaction analyses showed a difference in exercise effect according to dementia type at seven months. Positive between-group exercise effects were found for dependence in ADLs in participants with non-Alzheimer’s type of dementia (non-AD) at four and seven months. In balance, a difference between groups was found at four but not at seven months in the complete sample, and interaction analyses indicated a difference in effect according to dementia type at four and seven months. Positive between-group exercise effects were found in participants with non-AD. No difference between groups in gait speed was found in the complete sample, where the majority habitually walked with a walking aid. In interaction analyses exercise effects differed according to walking aid use. Positive between-group exercise effects in gait speed were found in participants that walked unsupported at four and seven months. No difference between groups in cognitive function was found in the complete sample. The effects of exercise on gait speed and cognitive function did not differ according to sex, cognitive level, or dementia type. In conclusion, among people aged 85 or older, including those dependent in ADLs and with dementia, gait speed seems to be a useful clinical indicator of health status. Inability to complete the gait test or a gait speed below 0.5 m/s appears to be associated with higher five-year mortality risk. In older people with mild to moderate dementia living in nursing homes, a four-month high-intensity functional exercise program appeared to attenuate loss of dependence in ADLs and improve balance, albeit only in participants with non-AD type of dementia. Further studies are needed to validate this result. Furthermore, exercise had positive effects on gait speed when tested unsupported, in contrast to when walking aids or minimum support were used. The result implies that the use of walking aids in the gait speed test may conceal exercise effects. The exercise program had no superior effects on global cognition or executive function when compared with an attention control activity. This thesis suggests that, in older people with dementia, exercise effects on physical function rather than cognitive function may explain effects on dependence in ADLs.

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Armbruster, Robert R., und Michael G. Sovereign. „Cognitive limitations in coordination in hierarchical information processing structures [i.e. structures]“. Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/24126.

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Maquestiaux, François. „Vieillissement cognitif, interférence en double tâche et effets de l'exercice“. Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112192.

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L'avancée en âge s'accompagne d'une augmentation de l'interférence en double tâche, telle que mesurée par le paradigme de la Période Réfractaire Psychologique (PRP). Cette interférence, encore appelée effet PRP, a pour origine une impossibilité à mettre en place les opérations centrales de traitement de l'information de plus d'une tâche à la fois, quel que soit l'âge des individus (Hartley & Little, 1999). De récents travaux attestent que, chez des jeunes adultes, l'exercice autorise une réduction importante de la taille de l'effet PRP, spécifiquement lorsque les tâches ne partagent pas le même canal sensoriel de sortie motrice (e. G. , Ruthruff et al. , 2001). Dès lors, le présent travail vise à investiguer d'une part, si l'exercice en double tâche réduit la taille de l'effet PRP, chez des adultes jeunes et âgés, dans des proportions similaires; et d'autre part, si la nature de la limitation centrale, attendue être identique chez les deux groupes d'âge avant tout exercice, est de même nature au terme des sessions d'exercice. Nous avons donc réalisé quatre expérimentations PRP, comparant des adultes jeunes (<= 30 ans) et âgés (≥ 60 ans). Dans les limites de la quantité d'exercice administrée aux sujets et de la spécificité de la combinaison de double tâche, les résultats montrent que la réduction liée à l'exercice de l'interférence en double s'amenuise au cours du vieillissement: l'exercice réduit la taille de l'effet PRP de 70 % chez les jeunes adultes et de 35 % chez les adultes plus âgés. Au terme de l'exercice, l'effet PRP, observé chez les deux groupes d'âge, s'explique par un goulot d'étranglement central localisé au niveau de la sélection de la réponse et incorporant, uniquement chez les adultes âgés, un stade additionnel lié à la préparation de la Tâche 2. Autrement dit, la limitation centrale, inhérente à l'architecture cognitive, serait d'autant moins sujette à des reconfigurations liées à l'exercice que l'on est âgé
Advancing age is accompanied by an increase in dual-task interference, as measured with the Psychological Refractory Period (PRP) paradigm. This interference, also known as the PRP effect, is due to an inability to instantiate central mental operations of more than one task at once, whatever the subjects'age (Hartley & Little, 1999). Recent studies have demonstrated that in younger adults, practice reduces the size of the PRP effect, specifically when the tasks used do not share the same output modality (e. G. , Ruthruff, 2001). Thus, the present work investigates on the one hand whether dual-task practice reduces the size of the PRP effect, in younger and older adults in similar proportions; and on the other hand, whether the nature of the central limitation, expected to be similar in bath age groups early in practice, remains similar late in practice. Consequently, we conducted four PRP experiments, comparing younger (<= 30 years) and older (≥ 60 years) adults. Within the limits of the amount of practice and of the specificity of the combination of dual-task, the results showed that the practice-related reduction of dual-task interference diminished during aging : practice reduces the size of the PRP effect by 70 % in younger adults and 35 % in older adults. Late in practice, the PRP effect, exhibited in bath age groups, is explained by a central bottleneck localized at the response selection stage, and incorporating, but only in older adults, an additional stage related to Task 2 preparation. In other words, the central limitation, inherent to cognitive architecture, is less subject to practice-related reconfigurations because we are old

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Bücher zum Thema "Cognitive limitation"

Bi-directionality in the cognitive sciences: Avenues, challenges, and limitations. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub. Co., 2011.

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Armbruster, Robert R. Cognitive limitations in coordination in hierarchical information processing structures [i.e. structures]. Monterey, Calif: Naval Postgraduate School, 1993.

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Kanjirathinkal, Mathew J. A sociological critique of theories of cognitive development: The limitations of Piaget and Kohlberg. Lewiston, N.Y., USA: E. Mellen Press, 1990.

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R, Martell Christopher, Hrsg. The myth of depression as disease: Limitations and alternatives to drugs. Westport, Conn: Praeger, 2006.

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Leventhal, Allan M. The myth of depression as disease: Limitations and alternatives to drug treatment. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2006.

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Mayr, Ulrich. Age-based performance limitations in figural transformations: The effect of task complexity and practice. Berlin: Max-Planck-Institut für Bildungsforschung, 1993.

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Stern, Marc J. Cognitive biases and limitations. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198793182.003.0002.

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This chapter summarizes some of the most common cognitive biases and limitations in human thinking and provides specific strategies for what we can do about them in various contexts. It serves as a baseline for understanding the flaws in some of our basic assumptions about human behavior and for approaching the rest of the theories discussed in the book with an appropriate dose of humility.

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W, Engle Randall, Hrsg. Cognitive limitations in aging and psychopathology. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2005.

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Engle, Randall W., Grzegorz Sedek, Ulrich von Hecker und Daniel N. McIntosh, Hrsg. Cognitive Limitations in Aging and Psychopathology. Cambridge University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511720413.

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Ackerly, Brooke A. The Theoretical (Ir)relevance of the Unknowns of Injustice Itself. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190662936.003.0004.

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Just responsibility expects that we take political responsibility for injustice itself because there is injustice itself, and not because we know and understand all of its dimensions. Relying on the cognitive and voluntary conditions generally required by moral and legal philosophy for assigning or taking personal responsibility is a politically conservative approach to injustice. Due to the complexities of politics, injustice itself entails unforeseen and unforeseeable interaction effects and contingencies. Due to the social epistemologies developed in chapter 2, individually and in groups we have cognitive limitations in perceiving certain forms of injustice. Likewise, the voluntary condition imposes an inappropriate political limitation on considerations of the complex relations of actions and interacting forces affecting injustice itself. Just responsibility requires other approaches to identifying and taking responsibility for injustice itself. These are set out in the chapter.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Cognitive limitation"

Testor, Karl. „Limitation of Validity“. In Cognitive Theoretical Foundations of Creativity, 179–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61736-3_10.

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Israeli, Alina. „Nominative and instrumental variation of adjectival predicates with the Russian copula byt': reference time, limitation, and focalization“. In Cognitive Linguistics Research, 21–54. Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110198799.1.21.

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Jamon, Marc. „Effectiveness and Limitation of Random Search in Homing Behaviour“. In Cognitive Processes and Spatial Orientation in Animal and Man, 284–94. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3531-0_23.

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Sedek, Grzegorz, Aneta Brzezicka und Ulrich von Hecker. „The Unique Cognitive Limitation in Subclinical Depression: The Impairment of Mental Model Construction“. In Handbook of Individual Differences in Cognition, 335–52. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1210-7_20.

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Veramonti, Tracy, und Christina Meyers. „Cognitive Limitations“. In Work and Cancer Survivors, 147–62. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72041-8_7.

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Stajković, Alexander D., und Kayla Sergent. „Limitations, Methods, and Future Research“. In Cognitive Automation and Organizational Psychology, 169–90. New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Routledge studies in leadership research: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429295881-12.

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Axelrod, Robert. „CHAPTER TEN. Limitations“. In Structure of Decision: The Cognitive Maps of Political Elites, herausgegeben von Robert Axelrod, 251–65. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400871957-013.

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Foucart, Thierry. „Limitations of Computerization of Sciences of Man and Society“. In Digital Cognitive Technologies, 357–71. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118599761.ch23.

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Vashlishan-Murray, Amy. „Limitations of the EP Concept in an Idealized Gene–Phene Framework“. In Innovations in Cognitive Neuroscience, 103–20. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3846-5_6.

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Kliegl, Reinhold, Ulrich Mayr und Klaus Oberauer. „Resource Limitations and Process Dissociations in Individual Differences Research“. In Generative Mental Processes and Cognitive Resources, 337–66. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4373-8_13.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Cognitive limitation"

Alkhalifa, Eshaa. „Exhibiting the Effects of the Episodic Buffer on Learning with Serial and Parallel Presentations of Materials“. In InSITE 2009: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3381.

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The effectiveness of an informing system is based upon several factors that include the perceptual limitations of the person receiving the information. This paper examines the perceptual limitation of the amount of information that may be processed by the human cognitive system when this information is displayed in parallel through multiple windows. The experiments show that a sequential presentation of information is more effective than a parallel one in information transfer of large amounts of information or highly complex information in cognitively demanding subjects like mathematics. These conclusions are informative to educational system designers of complex subjects.

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Arka, Israna Hossain, Mahamod Ismail und Ayman A. El-Saleh. „Selective weight setting algorithm in cognitive radio network under resource limitation“. In 2013 International Conference on Space Science and Communication (IconSpace). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iconspace.2013.6599487.

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Huang, Furong, Wei Wang, Haiyan Luo, Guanding Yu und Zhaoyang Zhang. „Prediction-Based Spectrum Aggregation with Hardware Limitation in Cognitive Radio Networks“. In 2010 IEEE 71st Vehicular Technology Conference. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vetecs.2010.5494044.

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Peng, Kangjing, und Gang Xie. „The Optimal Spectrum Sensing Stopping Rules Considering Power Limitation in Cognitive Radio“. In 2019 IEEE 89th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2019-Spring). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2019.8746384.

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Han, Weiwei, und Hua Bai. „Influence of Cognitive Resource Limitation on Consumer Purchasing Decision: An Event-Related Potentials Perspective“. In 2018 15th International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management (ICSSSM). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsssm.2018.8465078.

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Wu, Lingcen, Wei Wang und Zhaoyang Zhang. „A POMDP-based optimal spectrum sensing and access scheme for cognitive radio networks with hardware limitation“. In 2012 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2012.6213975.

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Chiu, I., und L. H. Shu. „Potential Limitations of Verbal Protocols in Design Experiments“. In ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-28675.

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Contradictory results of a recent design stimulation and creativity experiment prompted us to re-examine our chosen methodological approach, namely the use of verbal protocols. We used verbal protocols to study design cognition associated with stimulus use. Our results showed that use of stimuli did not increase concept creativity, contradicting much of the design literature. After eliminating other possible errors, we re-examined the experimental methodology to identify potential design-specific limitations associated with verbal protocols. Many researchers have used verbal protocol experiments, also known as talk-out-loud experiments, to study cognitive processes, as there are few other methods to study internal cognition. While verbal protocols are a widely debated method, research has been done to validate them, and precautions can be taken to mitigate associated risks. Based on reviewing the literature and our own experiences, we have developed design-specific guidelines for the use of verbal protocols. We also outline future work required to explore and understand the suitability of verbal protocols for design studies. Despite potential limitations, verbal protocols remain a valuable and practical tool for studying design cognition and therefore should not be discarded.

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Karn, Arodh Lal, und Rakshha Kumari Karna. „Social media and tourism promotion: the case of travelmarketers facebook fan pages after Nepal earthquake“. In Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Economics Engineering. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cibmee.2019.089.

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Purpose – the purpose of this research is to systematically understand the behavioral and emotional aspects of potential tourists and investigated the conceptual model in the context of the travel marketers’ (TMs) facebook fan pages. Research methodology – the present study performed the two-step SEM approach suggested. the first step involved confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), which was used to validate scales for the measurement of specific constructs proposed in a research model and SEM followed. Findings – the supportive part of the conceptual framework studied how the cognitive (information source, social interaction ties, design characteristics) and effective (entertainment) factors influenced attitudes. Research limitations – the key limitation of this topic may belong to the propensity of the sample to embody the population. This also has a certain influence on SEM exploration. Practical implications – this study provides important guidelines for fan pages’ designers and marketers in the tourism sector especially during the time of destination image crisis. Originality/Value – this research was the earliest to relate the prototype willingness model on travel and tourism Facebook fan pages. In a sense, this research offers a basis for acclimating the prototype willingness model to the touristry social media setting.

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Kearney, Kevin G., Elizabeth M. Starkey und Scarlett R. Miller. „Leveraging Animations to Enhance Learning Through Virtual Product Dissection“. In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98285.

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Abstract Product dissection, in either physical or virtual form, has been found to be an effective learning tool. With the rapid growth of technology, effective virtual education tools have the potential to continue increasing in value. Although physical product dissection is often implemented in the classroom, there are some limitations to employing these tools. One such limitation is the inability to see into a product and view the internals of a product while it is functioning. Recent research has found that students who dissect physical or virtual products have similar conceptual understanding of products after dissection. Although there are promising findings for virtual dissection, there is still room for improvement in these virtual environments to enable better understanding of products. One way this may be possible is through the addition of animations, which show the functions of the internal components in a product, a capability that is currently not offered in virtual product dissection tools. These animations have the ability to show how a product works in ways unobtainable through physical product dissection and currently unavailable in virtual product dissection. Therefore, this research aims to explore the impact that animation in virtual product dissection has on learning and cognitive load for engineering students.

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McCrickard, D. Scott, und Clayton Lewis. „Designing for cognitive limitations“. In the Designing Interactive Systems Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2317956.2318083.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Cognitive limitation"

Buathong, Thananon, Anna Dimitrova, Paolo Miguel M. Vicerra und Montakarn Chimmamee. Years of Good Life: An illustration of a new well-being indicator using data for Thailand. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/populationyearbook2021.dat.1.

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While Thailand has achieved high levels of economic growth in recent decades, poverty at the local level has been increasing. Indicators of human development at the national level often mask the differences in well-being across communities. When responding to the need for sustainable development research, the heterogeneity of a population should be emphasised to ensure that no one is left behind. The Years of Good Life (YoGL) is a well-being indicator that demonstrates the similarities and differences between subpopulations in a given sociocultural context over time. The data used in this analysis were collected from Chiang Rai and Kalasin, which are provinces located in regions of Thailand with high poverty rates. Our main results indicate that the remaining years of good life (free from physical and cognitive limitations, out of poverty and satisfied with life) at age 20 among the sample population were 26 years for women and 28 years for men. The results varied depending on the indicators applied in each dimension of YoGL. Our analysis of the YoGL constituents indicated that cognitive functioning was the dimension that decreased the years of good life the most in the main specification. This study demonstrates the applicability of the YoGL methodology in investigating the wellbeing of subpopulations.

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Striessnig, Erich, Claudia Reiter und Anna Dimitrova. Global improvements in Years of Good Life since 1950. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Juni 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/populationyearbook2021.res1.2.

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Human well-being at the national aggregate level is typically measured by GDP per capita, life expectancy or a composite index such as the HDI. A more recent alternative is the Years of Good Life (YoGL) indicator presented by Lutz et al. (2018; 2021). YoGL represents a refinement of life expectancy in which only those person-years in a life table are counted that are spent free from material (1), physical (2) or cognitive limitations (3), while being subjectively perceived as satisfying (4). In this article, we present the reconstruction of YoGL to 1950 for 140 countries. Since life expectancy – as reported by the UN World Population Prospects in fiveyearly steps – forms the basis of our reconstruction, the presented dataset is also available on a five-yearly basis. In addition, like life expectancy, YoGL can be flexibly calculated for different sub-populations. Hence, we present separate YoGL estimates for women and men. Due to a lack of data, only the material dimension can be reconstructed based directly on empirical inputs since 1950. The remaining dimensions are modelled based on information from the more recent past.

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