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1
Kanburoglu, Furkan A. "Distributed Control System For Cnc Machine Tools." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12610599/index.pdf.
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&ldquo<br>Numerically Controlled&rdquo<br>(NC) machine tools, which are automatically operated by encoded (digital) commands, are capable of machining components with quality and quantity. Manufacturing industry heavily depends on these machines. Many different control architectures have been adapted in today&rsquo<br>s CNC technology. Centralized control system is quite popular in industry due to its ease of implementation. If the number of controlled axes on a CNC machine tool (><br>3), increases so does the computational burden on the central processors. Hence, more powerful processors are needed. An alternative architecture, which is not commonly used in CNC technology, is the decentralized (distributed) control. In this topology, the tasks handled by the distributed controllers that are interconnected to each other by a communication network. As the need arises, a new controller can be added easily to the network without augmenting the physical configuration. Despite its attractive features, this architecture has not been fully embraced by the CNC industry. Synchronization among the axes in the coordinated motion is proven to be quite challenging.
In this thesis, alternative distributed controller architecture was proposed for CNC machine tools. It was implemented on a 3-axis CNC milling machine. Open-loop control performance was investigated under various conditions. Different communication protocols along with different physical communication interfaces and a number of controller hardware were devised. An industry-standard network (RS-485) was set up by interconnecting these distributed controllers. Different data transmission protocols were devised in order to establish appropriate communication methods. Also, computer software (a.k.a. graphical user interface), which can coordinate the interconnected controllers, interpret NC part programs and generate reference position data for each axis, was designed within the scope of this thesis.
2
Vondrák, Jan. "Technologie CNC frézování." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228933.
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Common possibility analysis on milling machine, analysis possibility for programming in workshop oriented milling in system Sinumerik 840D ShopMill. Project alternative manufacturing technology including creation NC programme and technical economic valuation for part of Suspension globular screw in axis X.
3
Kumar, Sanjeev. "STEP-NC Compliant process control for CNC manufacture." Thesis, University of Bath, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488894.
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Manufacturing firms strive to improve existing methods or develop new ideas to reduce production costs and lead time in order to rapidly provide quality assured parts to customers. Maintaining control over the processes involved in manufacturing is. therefore, vital. With the widespread use of CNCs in the industry, controlling their manufacturing processes has become pertinent.
4
Rahaman, Mostafizur. "High speed motion control of CNC machince tools." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44797.
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High speed machining is a relatively new technology that has been applied to industries such as aerospace and die and mold making. By maximizing feedrates and cutting speeds of computer numerically controlled (CNC) machine tools, high levels of productivity are achieved. High speed machining requires rigid tool structures, stable spindles with high power and feed drives which can follow the desired tool trajectory. It is important to point out that both velocity and acceleration are physically constrained for any machine tool. However, the paths supplied by Computer Aided Design (CAD) systems do not take machine constraints into account. Thus, they usually provide very conservative (slow) part programs to this CNC machine, and the operator is then required to adjust the feedrates manually. This process is tedious, and attempts at providing improved preprocessors between the CAD system and the CNC tool have not been successful commercially, since there are too many unknown process parameters. As a result, realtime control techniques such as Cross Coupled Control (CCC), Zero Phase Error Tracking Control (ZPETC), or Realtime Feedrate Modulation (FM) have been studied in the literature.
This thesis compares the performance of these traditional control techniques in their ability to reduce path error. It is shown that none of these algorithms are universally applicable to both corner tracking and circular interpolation, which are two of the most common challenges in high speed machining. The thesis then presents two new tracking algorithms that improve and combine the benefits of the existing algorithms. First, a new Linearized Cross Coupled Control (LCCC) algorithm is presented that is easier to implement than traditional CCC and improves the corner tracking capabilities. Then an algorithm termed Robust Tracking Control (RTC) is presented that combines LCCC with FM in order to further improve corner tracking performance and robustness towards multiple machining constraints. Experiments on a custom built x-y table show that RTC performs extremely well in both corner tracking and circular interpolation, even when multiple constraints such as current saturation and voltage saturation are present.
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Hau, Chuan-Shou. "Perspectives of computerized numerical control (CNC) machinists on the tasks of CNC machining technology in Taiwan /." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487863429095404.
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Krejčí, Jan. "CNC řízení frézky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442459.
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This diploma thesis deals with rebuild of manual drill-mill machine BF20L into CNC mill machine, 3D model of that and eventual control using PLC. All axes are powered by stepper motors, with encoders, connected to control cards and industrial computer from company Beckhoff. For this control is made full switchboard, supplemented by electrical wiring diagram. Program control along with visualization is made in software TwinCAT 3. Drill-mill machine can be controlled manually or automatically by program.
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Moore, Robert Keith. "Computer aided programming of a CNC lathe." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25123.
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A software package and associated hardware have been developed which gives users of the ORAC CNC Training Lathe an easier and faster method of manufacturing on the lathe. The package, entitled ORACAP, uses the computing power of a mini-mainframe computer, a VAX 11/750, to assist in part design, program generation, program optimization, and program proving for the ORAC Lathe. The package is designed for users unfamiliar with computers such as students in an educational institute or workers in a production facility and uses command procedures to simplify the preparation and execution of the modules of the package. In addition to providing users with a valuable tool for manufacturing, ORACAP also gives users insight into the Computer Aided Design and Computer Aided Manufacturing methods used in industry, that is, it demonstrates the methods which allow production of a part from a very concise description of its geometry. Finally, ORACAP demonstrates the production advantages of a CAD/CAM system over conventional manufacturing methods for small to medium size batch production.<br>Applied Science, Faculty of<br>Mechanical Engineering, Department of<br>Graduate
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Statham, Craig G. "An open CNC interface for intelligent control of grinding." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313100.
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Thomas, David Andrew. "An adaptive control system for precision cylindrical grinding." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243279.
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Ebrahimi, S. Morteza K. "Dynamic modelling and simulation of a CNC milling machine." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287909.
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Mitáš, Daniel. "Ovládací rozhraní CNC frézky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219821.
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This project deals with portal-type CNC milling machine design and construction. CNC milling machine should be able to machining light metals and alloys. This document contains description of mechanical components selection, machine frame design and building, design and construction of USB motion control unit and also contains control software description and user manual.
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Quesada, Robert E. "Alternative assessment of computer numerical control (CNC) machine tool students." Online version, 1999. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1999/1999quesada.pdf.
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Stout, Adrian John. "Instrumentation techniques and improved control of stepper motor driven machinery." Thesis, Open University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312262.
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Ekman, Maud, and Annika Lingeby. "Byte av styrsystem för en CNC-svarv." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2234.
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<p>Examensarbetet som beskrivs i denna rapport handlar om byte av styrsystem i en CNC-svarv på företaget Precisionsdetaljer Mekatronik i Linköping. Ett Fanuc 5 styrsystem har ersatts av ett modernare Fanuc 21i-styrsystem. Rapporten beskriver det nya styrsystemet och redovisar hur arbetet med att praktiskt byta system har gått till. Arbetet indelades i tre delar, informationssökning, praktiskt arbete och dokumentation. Informationssökningen behövdes både för hopkoppling av de olika delarna och för parameter- och ladderprogrammering. Det praktiska arbetet bestod i att koppla tillsammans de delar som fanns beställda och de delar som skulle tas från det gamla styrsystemet. Dokumentationen ska finnas för framtida bruk, då service och utveckling av systemet ska ske. </p><br><p>This examination work describes changing of a control system in a CNC-lathe. The work has been done at Precisionsdetaljer Mekatronik AB in Linköping, a company with eight to nine employees. One Fanuc 5 control system has been replaced by a modern Fanuc 21i-system. This report describes the new control system and how the practical work has been done. The work has been divided into three parts, information searching, practical work and documentation. Information searching is needed for how to connect the different parts and for parameter-and ladder programming. The practical work consisted of connecting the new parts that were ordered and the parts that should be used from the old control system. The documentation may be used in the future, when service and development of the system will be done.</p>
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Mana, Marek. "Možnosti stroje Vernet Behringer při CNC programování." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231234.
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The master’s thesis is focused on the possibilities of machining lines of the company Vernet – Behringer. The theoretical part is a brief inclusion of the control system ProNC2 between selected commercially available control systems and are compared ways of programming CNC machine tools. On the machine tool of company Vernet – Behringer are processed mainly thin-walled components, that is why is part of the work focuses on the issue of machining thin-walled parts, the distribution of deflection tools and machined parts. The next part of thesis deals with the design and processing of technical documentation for the machined model part. The practical part deals with the possibilities of the machine and method of programming the control system ProNC2. Programming and practical production on machine were proceeded in company SSI Schäfer s.r.o. The work is focused on practical verification of the production process using simulation and production itself. Finally, it was performed technical - economic evaluation of production.
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Trunda, Jiří. "Technologie výroby frézováním na CNC strojích." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228382.
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Objective graduation theses, is determining and propound optimal alternate manufacturing section servant as base of electron microscope. As a production method is used chippy cutting on numerical controlled machine behind by the help of usage progressive cutting tools. To construction control program was use 3D CAD/CAM system of Solid Vision, Ltd. Corporation. Product working is complete project and procedure on manufacturing section, that is in finish well-founded technoeconomic evaluation.
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Chen, Yinnan. "A generic intelligent control system for grinding." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388528.
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Smith, Anthony Paul. "Improved axis synchronisation in a distributed machine control interpolator." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261374.
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Aguilar, Cesar David. "Self-tuning algorithm for dsp-based motion control in cnc applications." FIU Digital Commons, 1997. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1145.
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This thesis describes the development of an adaptive control algorithm for Computerized Numerical Control (CNC) machines implemented in a multi-axis motion control board based on the TMS320C31 DSP chip.
The adaptive process involves two stages: Plant Modeling and Inverse Control Application. The first stage builds a non-recursive model of the CNC system (plant) using the Least-Mean-Square (LMS) algorithm. The second stage consists of the definition of a recursive structure (the controller) that implements an inverse model of the plant by using the coefficients of the model in an algorithm called Forward-Time Calculation (FTC).
In this way, when the inverse controller is implemented in series with the plant, it will pre-compensate for the modification that the original plant introduces in the input signal. The performance of this solution was verified at three different levels: Software simulation, implementation in a set of isolated motor-encoder pairs and implementation in a real CNC machine. The use of the adaptive inverse controller effectively improved the step response of the system in all three levels. In the simulation, an ideal response was obtained. In the motor-encoder test, the rise time was reduced by as much as 80%, without overshoot, in some cases. Even with the larger mass of the actual CNC machine, decrease of the rise time and elimination of the overshoot were obtained in most cases. These results lead to the conclusion that the adaptive inverse controller is a viable approach to position control in CNC machinery.
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Torres-Chazaro, Octavio F. "Design and evaluation of CNC-user interfaces." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39787.
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Ratica, Filip. "Rotační součást vyráběná na CNC stroji." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-432712.
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The diploma thesis contains an overview of the development of numerical control of machine tools and a historical excursion of the beginnings of numerical control. The work deals with the design and presentation of the component, and then the calculation documentation used to determine the load and safety of the component. After computational and design analysis, the work deals with the design of component production on CNC machines and the technological process of production. Finally, the production of the part is documented and evaluated.
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Rincón, Ardila Liz Katherine. "Estudo do comportamento dinâmico de máquina-ferramenta CNC com ênfase na implementação de sistemas de controle." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/265364.
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Orientadores: João Mauricio Rosário, Didier Dumur<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T07:43:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2013<br>Resumo: Esta tese de doutorado apresenta o estudo do comportamento dinâmico para máquinas-ferramenta CNC (Controle Numérico Computadorizado) com ênfase na implementação do sistema de controle, a fim de melhorar o desempenho desse dispositivo, possibilitando assim a obtenção de maiores velocidades de funcionamento com precisão de operação. O estudo do comportamento dinâmico do sistema foi baseado na modelagem dinâmica do dispositivo CNC, através de um modelo tipo MIMO (Múltiplas Entradas- Múltiplas Saídas), não linear, invariante no tempo, constituído pelo modelo do sistema mecânico, elétrico, eletrônico e controle. O modelo é fundamentado no estudo dos torques estático, dinâmico e de perturbações, incluindo a dinâmica não linear ocorrida pelos efeitos de atrito dos componentes, variação inercial e forças de perturbação. O modelo final é definido mediante a aplicação de uma estratégia proposta de identificação e estimação de parâmetros dinâmicos do dispositivo CNC real. A estratégia é baseada na estimação de parâmetros através de modelos de referência e método de otimização não linear. O sistema de controle proposto é constituído pelos níveis de geração de movimentos, controle e compensação, diagnóstico e otimização. O nível de controle utiliza estratégias de controle PID, controle preditivo generalizado (GPC) e controle preditivo robusto (GPCR). O nível de compensação é configurado pelos controladores em feedforward utilizando modelos de atrito e variação inercial. Finalmente, a validação e testes são realizados inicialmente através da implementação de um simulador virtual de dispositivo CNC, com posterior validação experimental em um dispositivo com arquitetura de supervisão e controle aberto disponível no Laboratório de Automação e Robótica da UNICAMP<br>Abstract: This doctoral thesis presents the dynamic behavior for CNC (Computer Numerical Control) Machine Tool with emphasis on the control system, for the purpose of improving the machine's performance, by obtaining high operation's velocity with precision. This study was based on the dynamic modeling by means of MIMO (multiple-input and multiple-output), nonlinear, and invariant time model, constituted by mechanical, electrical, electronics and control models. The model is based on the study of static, dynamic, and perturbation torques, and includes the nonlinear dynamic caused by the effects of friction in the components, inertial variation and perturbation's force. The final model is defined through the application of a strategy proposed by the identification and parameters estimation, in order to obtain the actual CNC machine's values. The strategy is formed by the parameters estimation by means of reference models and nonlinear optimization methods. The control architecture proposed is composed of the following levels: movement generator, control and compensation, diagnosis and optimization. The level of control applies strategies of PID control, generalized predictive control (GPC) and robust predictive control (GPCR). The level of compensation is configured by the feedforward controls, which utilize the friction and inertial variation models. Finally, the validation and tests are developed initially through the implementation of a virtual simulator of CNC machine tool, with the latter experimental validation in device with supervision and open architecture control, available in UNICAMP<br>Doutorado<br>Mecanica dos Sólidos e Projeto Mecanico<br>Doutora em Engenharia Mecânica
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Kubíček, Dominik. "Výroba kovového těsnicího kroužku na CNC obráběcím stroji." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230399.
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Theoretical analysis of the possibility of manufacturing a metal sealing ring on the CNC machine tool. Selecting the most appropriate technology and manufacturing process analysis, involving selection of materials, tools and machining conditions.
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Peng, Jie. "Design and analysis of a CNC system for machining and monitoring." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29730.
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The development of unmanned machining systems has been a recent focus of manufacturing
research. Computer Numerical Control (CNC) units, which monitor and control many tightly coupled machining tasks, are inseparable parts of the unmanned manufacturing
system. This thesis addresses the detailed design and analysis of a modular CNC system for a milling machine. The feed drive control system of the machine tool is thoroughly studied. The mathematical model for the feed drive control system, which consists of a motion controller, power amplifiers and DC-servo motors, is developed and experimentally verified. A method of estimating cutting forces from current drawn by feed drive motors is developed. The viability of the current sensor as a feeding-force sensing component is illustrated and experimentally tested on the milling machine. Successful
application of the current sensor to tool breakage detection in milling operation is presented. The performance of the multi-axis contouring system in precision machining is discussed. The contouring errors induced by feed drive positioning systems in CNC machine tools is investigated using the state space model of the CNC system. The influence
of the cutting force on the accuracy of machining is shown to be negligible for feed drives driven by ball leadscrews. Various control strategies for the improvement of machining accuracy are tested in the simulation studies.<br>Applied Science, Faculty of<br>Mechanical Engineering, Department of<br>Graduate
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Vičar, David. "Možnosti softwaru SinuTrain Operate 2.6 při programování CNC obráběcích strojů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231009.
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This masters thesis deals with the possibilities of SinuTrain Operate 2.6 software, used for programming CNC machine tools. The first part of the thesis is devoted to concise treatise on workshop programming in SinuTrain Operate 2.6, the possibilities of ShopTurn system and the issue of difficult to machine materials. The second part is focused on the preparation of technical documentation and design of selected component, which machining can be programmed by using the Sinumerik Operate 2.6 – ShopTurn system and practical verification of NC program by using graphical simulation.
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Ciklamini, Marek. "Zlepšení dynamiky CNC osy s kuličkovým šroubem." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230737.
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This work deals with virtual designing of ball screw drives of CNC machine by modern software tools to approximate evaluation of dynamic behavior of real system. Realized multi body system of thrust axes actuated by synchronous motor is analyzed and after that are designed elements of control used for accuracy positioning of table.
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Sencer, Burak. "Smooth trajectory generation and precision control of 5-axis CNC machine tools." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/14084.
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This thesis presents experimentally verified optimal feedrate generation and high performance precision control algorithms developed for 5-axis machine tools. A feedrate scheduling algorithm has been introduced to minimize the cycle time for 5-axis machining of curved tool-paths. The variation of the feed along the tool-path is expressed in a cubic B-spline form as a function of the arc displacement. The velocity, acceleration and jerk limits of the five axis drives are considered in finding the most optimal feed along the tool-path to ensure smooth and linear operation of the servo drives with minimal tracking error. Improvement in the productivity and linear operation of the drives are demonstrated through 5-axis experiments. In an effort to design an accurate contour controller, analytical models are developed to estimate the contour errors during simultaneous 5-axis machining. Two types of contouring errors are defined by considering the normal deviation of tool tip from the reference path, and the normal deviation of the tool axis orientation from the reference orientation trajectory. A novel multi-input-multi-output sliding mode controller is introduced to directly minimize the tool tip and tool orientation errors, i.e. the contouring errors, along the 5-axis tool-paths. The stability of the control scheme is proven analytically, and the effectiveness of this new control strategy has been demonstrated experimentally. An identification technique for identifying the closed loop transfer function of machine tool feed drives has been introduced. The drive system is identified in closed loop, including the feed drive mechanism, motor amplifier, and the control law. A short Numerical Control Program is used for exciting the axis dynamics without interfering with the servo control loop. A generalized drive model is utilized to capture the key dynamics of the drive systems, while guaranteeing the stability of the identified model dynamics by solving a constrained optimization problem. Methods developed in this thesis have been evaluated on a table tilting 5-axis machining center. Their application to other 5-axis machines would require modeling of the kinematic chain and the drive dynamics to be considered in the control law design and trajectory generation.
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Alkafafi, Loay [Verfasser]. "Time and Frequency Optimal Motion Control of CNC Machine Tools / Loay Alkafafi." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1035049929/34.
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Krulich, Hynek. "Sinumerik Operate 840D sl. při programování CNC obráběcích strojů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-400967.
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This Master’s thesis is focused on capatilibities of software SinuTrain Sinumerik Operate version 4.8 SP1. In the first part is comparison of control systems and their options. The next part discusses programming method in CNC machining.In the last part there are a practical examples of programming, simulation of their production and technical-economic evaluation.
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Castro, Marcelo Hirai. "Processo para obtenção de furos quadrados utilizando máquinas ferramentas CNC com ferramenta em rotação." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/264536.
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Orientador: Amauri Hassui<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T02:13:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2012<br>Resumo: A inovação é a chave para o diferencial da indústria no mercado competitivo atual. Fazer diferente, melhor e mais barato sempre agrega valor ao produto. Por outro lado, a resistência às mudanças faz parte do comportamento humano, seja na sociedade, ou na indústria. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é estudar a viabilidade de se fazer furos não cilíndricos com uma ferramenta em rotação utilizando máquinas-ferramenta CNC. Estes sempre foram obstáculos na indústria de fabricação pela dificuldade de obtenção. Sendo assim, o processo apresentado nesse trabalho busca usinar um furo quadrado com a mesma configuração de ferramentas e fixação de peças utilizadas para um furo cilíndrico, tão comum à indústria. Isso visa reduzir custos de fabricação e facilitar a obtenção de furos não cilíndricos com os recursos de equipamentos programáveis existentes no chão de fábrica. A partir de um modelo matemático, a máquina é programada para executar movimentos sincronizados entre a rotação e os deslocamentos do eixo da ferramenta. Diversas programações foram testadas em diferentes máquinas ferramenta CNC, com diferentes comandos, com e sem recursos de alta velocidade, com diferentes quantidades de pontos programados, interpolações lineares e circulares. A partir dos experimentos, foram analisadas as configurações das máquinas, a capacidade de execução do controlador numérico instalado, a velocidade desenvolvida pela máquina na operação e a geometria obtida dos furos quadrados. Os experimentos apontam que para executar o furo quadrado, os comandos devem ser capazes de controlar um eixo rotativo como eixo propriamente dito, além de sincronizarem mais três eixos lineares. O crítico para este tipo de operação é a velocidade desempenhada pela máquina, sendo o fator mais significativo, o tempo que o comando precisa para o processamento do bloco de programação, independentemente da ativação de recursos de alta velocidade, interpolações lineares ou circulares. Verificou-se também que quanto maior a quantidade de pontos para compor a trajetória do centro da ferramenta, melhor será a geometria obtida do furo. Sendo assim, as máquinas ferramenta CNC que estão em operação na indústria são capazes de realizar a furação não cilíndrica de forma muito próxima à furação cilíndrica quanto ao tempo de usinagem e ao sistema de fixação da ferramenta e da peça, sendo necessária uma programação sincronizada do eixo spindle presente em toda e qualquer máquina ferramenta<br>Abstract: The innovation is the key for the differential of the industry on the competitive market nowadays. To make different, better and cheaper always it is worth a lot to the product. By the other side, the resistance to changes makes part of the human behavior, in society, or in the industry. The main goal of this work is to study the feasibility to machining of non-cylindrical holes by a tool in rotation using CNC machine tools. That always has been offering obstacles to manufacturing industry by the difficulty of fabrication. Thus, the process presented on this work will machining a square hole with the same configuration of tools and systems for fixation of the parts, used for a cylindrical drilling, so common to industry. This intends to reduce the costs of fabrication and make easier to get non-cylindrical drilling using resources of the programmable equipment which are working at the shops. From a math model on, the machine is programmed to execute synchronized movements between the rotation and the displacements of the axis of the tool. Different programs were tested in different CNC machine tools, with different controllers, with and no resources for high speed, with different quantity of programmed points, with linear and circular interpolations. From the experiments, it was analyzed the configuration of the machines, the capacity for execution of the controller installed, the speed developed by machine at the operation and the geometry of the square holes. The experiments show that to machine a square hole, the controllers must be able to control a rotating axis itself, beyond to synchronize three axis. The critical to this kind of operation is the speed developed by the machine, being the most significant factor, the time the controller needs to process the block of programming, independently the activation of resources for high speed, linear or circular interpolations. It was verified than as larger the amount of points to compose the trajectory of the center of tool, better will be the geometry of the hole. Thus, the CNC machine tools in operation in the industry are able to machine the non-cylindrical drilling in a way very closely the cylindrical drilling as the time of machining and the fixing system of the tool and parts, requiring a programming that synchronizes the main spindle installed in any machine tool<br>Mestrado<br>Materiais e Processos de Fabricação<br>Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
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Havlíček, Ondřej. "Návrh malé modelářské CNC frézky s pohyblivým stolem." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-401057.
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This master thesis deals with the constructional design of small CNC milling machine with a sliding table. The first part of the work describes small CNC milling machines currently available on the market. Based on the result of the literature review, the small CNC milling machine was constructed with respect to the currently available trends, including sizing and drawing documentation of the machine.
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Toman, Martin. "Systém Sinumerik při synchronním programování CNC obráběcích strojů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232061.
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This thesis deals with advanced programming of CNC milling machines in Sinumerik 840D powerline control system. Mostly it is aimed on issues of synchronized actions. These actions can adaptively react on progress of milling process regarding to signal detection from the machine and execute specific action. In the introduction of the thesis there are briefly described basic issues and fundamentals of CNC machines and control systems programming. The problematic regarding the programming of synchronized actions is also described. The examples with evaluation of their function are created in the practical part of thesis.
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Král, Zdeněk. "Možnosti softwaru SinuTrain 4.7 při programování CNC obráběcích strojů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-317191.
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This master's thesis is about the possibilities of NC programming of car wheel hub component in software SinuTrain 4.7. The theoretical part is focused on the integration of the SINUMERIK 840D control system with other control systems, it contains informations about basic methods of NC programming and research relate to the field of materials used for the production of component. The practical part of the thesis includes the design and processing of technical documentation of the component, production technology and NC program. The output of this thesis is practical verified the function of the NC program by simulation in software SinuTrain 4.7.
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Masih, Hanifzadegan. "Linear parameter-varying control of CNC machine tool feed-drives with dynamic variations." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/51892.
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This thesis presents new approaches to feed-drive control of computer numerical control (CNC) machine tools machine tools with a significant range of dynamic variations during machining operations.
Several sources which can cause dynamic variations of feed-drive systems are considered, such as the change of table position, the reduction of workpiece mass, and the variations of tool-path orientation. Feed-drive systems having the dynamic variations are modeled as linear parameter varying (LPV) models. For the LPV models, three control methods are proposed to achieve satisfactory control performance of feed-drive systems.
In the first method, we propose a parallel structure of an LPV gain-scheduled controller which aims at both tracking control and the vibration suppression by taking into account the resonant modes' variations which are peculiar to ball-screw drives. In the second method, instead of designing one LPV controller, a set of gain-scheduled controllers are designed to compensate for a wide range of dynamic variations. In this method, switching between two adjacent controllers may result in a transient jump of control signal at switching instants.
In the third method, to ensure a smooth control signal, we present a novel method to design a smooth switching gain-scheduled LPV controller. The moving region of the gain-scheduling variables is divided into a specified number of local subregions as well as subregions for the smooth controller switching. Then, one gain-scheduled LPV controller is assigned to each of the local subregions, while for each switching subregion, a function interpolating local LPV controllers associated with its neighbourhood subregions is designed. This interpolating function imposes the constraint of smooth transition on controller system matrices.
The smooth switching controller design problem amounts to solving a feasibility problem which involves non-linear matrix inequalities that are solvable by a proposed iterative descent algorithm. The developed smooth switching controller is applied to control problems in both parallel and serial CNC machine tool mechanisms.
Finally, for the multi-axis CNC machine tools, a multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) LPV feedback controller is designed to directly minimize contouring error in the task coordinate frame system.<br>Applied Science, Faculty of<br>Mechanical Engineering, Department of<br>Graduate
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Akinci, Arda. "Universal Command Generator For Robotics And Cnc Machinery." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610579/index.pdf.
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In this study a universal command generator has been designed for robotics and CNC machinery. Encoding techniques has been utilized in order to represent the commands and their efficiencies have been discussed. The developed algorithm generates the trajectory of the end-effector with linear and circular interpolation in an offline fashion, the corresponding joint states and their error envelopes are computed with the utilization of a numerical inverse kinematic solver with a predefined precision. Finally, the command encoder employs the resulting data and produces the representation of positions in joint space with using proposed encoding techniques depending on the error tolerance for each joint. The encoding methods considered in this thesis are: Lossless data compression via higher order finite difference, Huffman Coding and Arithmetic Coding techniques, Polynomial Fitting methods with Chebyshev, Legendre and Bernstein Polynomials and finally Fourier and Wavelet Transformations. The algorithm is simulated for Puma 560 and Stanford Manipulators for a trajectory in order to evaluate the performances of the above mentioned techniques (i.e. approximation error, memory requirement, number of commands generated). According to the case studies, Chebyshev Polynomials has been determined to be the most suitable technique for command generation. Proposed methods have been implemented in MATLAB environment due to its versatile toolboxes. With this research the way to develop an encoding/decoding standard for an advanced command generator scheme for computer numerically controlled (CNC) machines in the near future has been paved.
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Farka, Jan. "Možnosti řídicího systému Heidenhain při programování CNC obráběcích strojů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444272.
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Modern machine tools are equipped with control systems, which are the imaginary brain of the whole machine. These control systems are developed, further managed, and constantly innovated by many companies, so it is clear that there is a kind of competition in the field of control systems. The aim of this work is mainly to describe the possibilities of one of the greats among developers of control systems from the company Heidenhain and also a thorough comparison of this system with systems from other manufacturers. Last but not least, other Heidenhain products and their possibility of use in practice will be presented in the work.
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Kulenda, Martin. "Možnosti systému Sinumerik při programování CNC obráběcích strojů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229874.
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The master’s thesis incorporates the control system Sinumerik 840D to the most widely used control systems of CNC machine tools. In the first thesis part are analyzed the NC programming methodics, which are relative only to the control system Sinumerik 840D and an essentials necessary to understand the issue in the area of CNC machine tools. Next part of the thesis includes design of the technology and processing of the NC program for machined component (gearbox cover). The NC program is made by ShopMill that is focused on a workshop area. During the program creation is combined a ShopMill and parametric programming, with using of a conditional jump instructions and repetitions. The final part of the thesis includes verification of the selected component production process by simulation and technical-economic evaluation of the designed technology.
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Barrow, Abigail Anne. "Acquiring technological capabilities : the CNC machine tool industry in industrialising countries, with special reference to South Korea." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/19163.
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Kilic, Ergin. "Novel Position Measurement And Estimation Methods For Cnc Machine Systems." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12608762/index.pdf.
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Precision control of translational motion is vital for many CNC machine tools as the motion of the machinery affects the dimensional tolerance of the manufactured goods. However, the direct measurement along with the accurate motion control of machine usually requires relatively expensive sensors i.e. potentiometers, linear scales, laser interferometers. Hence, this study attempts to develop reference models utilizing low-cost sensors (i.e. rotary encoders) for accurate position estimation. First, an indirect measurement performance is investigated on a Timing Belt driven carriage by a DC Motor with a backlash included Gearbox head. An advanced interpolated technique is proposed to compensate the position errors while using indirect measurement to reduce the total cost. Then, a similar study was realized with a ball screw driven system. Next, a cable drum driven measurement technique is proposed to the machines which have long travel distance like plasma cutters. A test setup is proposed and manufactured to investigate the capstan drive systems. Finally, characteristics of Optical Mouse Sensors are investigated from different point of views and a test setup is proposed and manufactured to evaluate their performances in long terms. Beside all of these parts, motion control algorithms and motion control integrated circuits are designed and manufactured to realize experimental studies in a detailed manner.
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Alkafafi, Loay [Verfasser], and Norbert [Akademischer Betreuer] Hoffmann. "Time and frequency optimal motion control of CNC machine tools / Loay Alkafafi. Betreuer: Norbert Hoffmann." Hamburg-Harburg : Universitätsbibliothek der Technischen Universität Hamburg-Harburg, 2013. http://d-nb.info/104857394X/34.
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鄭喜天. "Fuzzy control of CNC machine center." Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63912648479177959978.
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李恆毅. "Adaptive control in CNC milling machine." Thesis, 1990. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18957766977621409821.
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Lien, Chih-hao, and 連志豪. "Intelligent Feedback Control in CNC Cutting Operations." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28095485250381714313.
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碩士<br>國立雲林科技大學<br>機械工程系碩士班<br>100<br>The development of robust condition monitoring system for machine tool chatter is an important task because the chatter has a significant effect on the tool life and pro-cessing surface quality. This paper presents the architecture of data acquisition system for detecting tool chatter in turning processes in order to develop an on-line condition monitoring system.
In this work, a microphone is installed near the spindle and is used to monitor the machine tool processing state in real time, thereby improving the processing quality. Using frequency domain processing and the deterministic frequency domain chatter analysis, a microphone is shown to provide a proper and consistent signal for reliable chatter detection and control. The experimental results show that the proposed system successfully measures the chatter vibration frequency during unstable milling and feed-back control is applied to suppress chatter vibrations.
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Huang, Chih-Hung, and 黃志宏. "The Feedrate Control of CNC Machine Tools." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/08611573260080328024.
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碩士<br>國立中央大學<br>機械工程研究所<br>90<br>As CNC machine tools industry developed vigorously, not only CNC machine tools needed to promote working quality with regard to CNC machine tools, but also to pay much attention to working speed. The major function of the CNC interpolator is to send accurate motion commands to servo-controllers. Since the computational power of microprocessors has been significantly improved in recent years, today''s CNC interpolators can provide accurate motion commands and the look-ahead function for real-time accelerating and decelerating motion along a trajectory. This improvement makes the machine motion smooth in combination with the advanced motion control algorithm for high accurate machining.
This thesis starts with a review on different currently available architectures and algorithms of acceleration and deceleration interpolation. The emphasis is placed on analyzing the contour error caused by different types of acceleration and deceleration interpolation algorithms. Considering the planning of speed curves within every two consecutive blocks together, we also develop several kinds of blended feedrate curves. The performances of different blended curves are compared in the view of corner error. A corner error control strategy is also developed by adjusting the continuous acceleration and deceleration curve between two consecutive blocks. After the contour error analysis, a real-time interpolator method with the Look-Ahead function is proposed. The new blended feedrate method is based on the principle of minimizing a specified maximum contour error. Experimental studies have been performed to verify the feasibility of the algorithms.
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Kunigahalli, Raghavan S. "CNC concrete placement planning and control system." 1994. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/31614890.html.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1994.<br>Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 147-160).
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Chen, Jheng-Sian, and 陳政賢. "The Study of Precision CNC Control System." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91905641348305721561.
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碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>機械工程學系所<br>103<br>The objective of this thesis is trying to integrate the control system of a precision machine tool, such that it can be used to link and operate each device in this machine. Next, the performance test and servo tuning are being conducted in order to achieve the specifications as required.
The base of this machine tool is made of granite, with air guide-ways in both X- and Y-axis, and linear guide in Z-axis. They are driven by linear motors. Two different types spindle are being used, one with built-in motor the other is air-driven spindle. The linear motors are controlled by the ANCA 5DX CNC controller, and with optical scale for displacement feedback to form a closed-loop control system.
From feedback data from optical scale was used to analyze the performance of each axis. Stepping test was performed to inspect the positioning stability. Feedforwd control was applied to reduce the tracking error. Various tests have been conducted to verify the precision of this machine tool.
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Chang, Che-Hao, and 張哲豪. "Study of Virtual CNC Servo Control Technology." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57222038558485210754.
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碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>機械工程學系所<br>102<br>The virtual machine tool technology is the development trend in nowadays. Because this technology can reduce the development time and production cost effectively, it is becoming an important technique for Taiwan’s machine tool industry. In this thesis, we are focusing on the construction of the servo-control loop for the virtual machine tool. Through the system identification, the frequency response function of the system was acquired. The unknown parameters of the servo-control loop are obtained by using curve fitting method. The MATLAB/Simulink software is used to construct the system’s control model. The structure of the servo control loop is consisted of PI controller with inner current loop followed by velocity loop and position loop. After that the non-linear elements such as, feed-forward controller, model of friction and filters are added to complete the full model of servo controller. From the unit step experiment results, it is found that the error between the simulation model and actual values are less than 4% (except for test II 8.7% in rising time) for velocity loop; while, for position loop, it is less than 1%. In sine wave tracking experiment, the errors are less than 2% for both feed-forward controller & friction model.
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Yeh, Ren-Rueih, and 葉人瑞. "Adaptive gap control for CNC electrical discharge machine." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36667860120794112389.
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碩士<br>國立清華大學<br>動力機械工程學系<br>85<br>The thesis investigates and implements the adaptive gap control for CNC EDM. It enables CNC adapt the parameters of real-time gap control module automatically,according to the change of the gap condition, to achieve stable, continuous, andefficient machining. In the investigation, we first experiment to confirm that relative electrode wear is correlative with abnormal discharge number, and removedworkpiece volume is proportional to normal discharge number. Then, the relationshipbetween machining efficiency, abnormal discharge rate and adaptive parameters,the reference value of discharge retarding period and servo gain, are identified experimentally. finally, we take machining efficiency and abnormal discharge rateas sensing variables to develop the algorithm of adaptive parameters optimization,and then have a successful test on the real machine. In comparison with the traditional EDM, the developed CNC adaptive control algorithm can adapt machining parameters, according to the change of the gap condition. It''s machining process is stable and low abnormal discharge rate. In contrast, the traditional EDM causes serious arcing in the same test condition with CNC
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Lin, Zhi-Rong, and 林芝戎. "Distant Operation and Virtual Control of CNC Machines." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87940282251791591165.
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碩士<br>逢甲大學<br>工業工程與系統管理學系<br>102<br>With the advance of automation technologies, the operation of a factory changes from labor-based, semi-automatic, to fully automatic, and even may reach unmanned in the future. In this way, it is not only possible to know the conditions of the factory from a distant place, but also able to remote-control the machines in the factory. In 2010, Microsoft proposed Kinect sensors. Some developers and researchers began to develop a series of wireless applications and HMI-related research, in order to improve our daily lives. In this study, we investigated the remote control of a CNC machine through the gestures sensed by the Kinect sensor. A similar concept has been applied to remote-control a robotic arm. Such an attempt is valuable to the development of an unmanned and cloud-manufacturing factory.
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Hsiang, Hsiung-Hai, and 向雄海. "Cross-coupling Adaptive Control for CNC Machine Tools." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18935997780659791531.
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碩士<br>國立高雄第一科技大學<br>機械與自動化工程所<br>97<br>When a CNC machine tool is machining, there are some uncertainties of parameters and disturbances in system’s model due to the weight and material of workpiece and cutting rate are usually variant. Therefore the controller must be robust for such varying conditions. Adaptive control is suitable for that. Besides, to improve the machining precision, it’s essential to improve the contour errors, which is the main goal of the cross-coupling control (CCC). This research proposes a simple and effective contour-error algorithm to reduce the amount of computation to about 1/13 and 1/5 compare with Koren’s and Yeh’s work respectively. In addition to robustness, this research proposes cross-coupling adaptive control (CCAC) by combining above two controllers that could bring a significant improvement of tracking and contour errors. Compare with the PI controller under disturbance, the experimental results show that the CCAC can reduce the maximum and RMS of tracking errors to 41.44 % and 37.94 % respectively, while CCC can only reduce to 98.8 % and 98.89 % in linear contouring. For the maximum and RMS of contour errors, CCAC can reduce to 42.73 % and 32.67 % respectively, while CCC can only reduce to 70 % and 59.69 % in linear contouring. In circle contouring, CCAC can reduce the maximum and RMS of tracking errors to 41.42 % and 37.25 % respectively, while CCC can only reduce to 98.32 % and 97.6 %. For the maximum and RMS of contour errors, CCAC can reduce to about 37.56 % and 27.42 % respectively, while CCC can only reduce to 71.04 % and 57.79 %. The results show the superiority of CCAC.