Thematische Bibliographien / Clinical neuropsychology

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Clinical neuropsychology“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 4. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 1. August 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Clinical neuropsychology"

Ally, Brandon A. „Clinical Neuropsychology“. Cognitive And Behavioral Neurology 27, Nr. 4 (Dezember 2014): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/wnn.0000000000000038.

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Boake, Corwin. „Clinical neuropsychology.“ Professional Psychology: Research and Practice 39, Nr. 2 (2008): 234–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0735-7028.39.2.234.

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Jennekens-Schinkel, A., und J. B. K. Lanser. „Clinical neuropsychology“. Journal of the Neurological Sciences 83, Nr. 2-3 (Februar 1988): 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-510x(88)90083-4.

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Schwent Shultz, Laura A., Brigid Rose und Joseph W. Fink. „Clinical Neuropsychology“. Applied Neuropsychology: Adult 20, Nr. 1 (26.11.2012): 73–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09084282.2012.741364.

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Watt, Douglas F. „Clinical Neuropsychology“. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 8, Nr. 3 (August 1996): 359—a—360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/jnp.8.3.359-a.

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Meador, K. J. „Clinical Neuropsychology“. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 290, Nr. 17 (05.11.2003): 2333—a—2334. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.290.17.2333-b.

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Grossman, M. „Clinical Neuropsychology“. Archives of Neurology 52, Nr. 5 (01.05.1995): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneur.1995.00540290033013.

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Leark, R. A., und R. Borges. „Applied Clinical Neuropsychology“. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 26, Nr. 7 (17.06.2011): 696–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acr050.

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Basso, M. R., und D. Combs. „Civil Capacities in Clinical Neuropsychology: Research Findings in Clinical Neuropsychology“. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 27, Nr. 8 (16.10.2012): 930–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acs079.

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Milberg, William. „A Valid Assessment of Contemporary Neuropsychology?“ Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 5, Nr. 3 (März 1999): 269–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617799253106.

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This collection of generally well written reviews is sure to elicit a variety of reactions from readers interested in the field of clinical neuropsychology. Many, particularly those new to neuropsychology will likely appreciate this well organized and clearly written compilation of chapters edited by Gerald Goldstein and Theresa M. Incagnoli. The 12 chapters written by some of clinical neuropsychology's plenipotentiaries cover the main assessment systems currently employed in the United States. There are also chapters concerned with the evaluation of such special populations as severely demented older adults and children. In addition there are introductory chapters covering longstanding debates that still occupy some quarters of the neuropsychological community. To this group of readers Contemporary Approaches to Neuropsychological Assessment will serve as an intellectual “county fair” where experts have proudly displayed the best of their “wares”: the test systems and ideas with which they have long been associated. However, there will also be readers who will find this compilation disconcerting. From the perspective of many clinicians who are more familiar with the field, including those who must make a living in the real world of managed care and the increasing disillusionment of traditional medical allies of clinical neuropsychology (e.g., behavioral neurology, the court system, etc.), this volume will appear overly optimistic and in some cases anachronistic.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Clinical neuropsychology"

MILANI, GIADA. „The role of clinical neuropsychology in neuromotor rehabilitation“. Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2485757.

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L'ictus e la sclerosi multipla (SM) sono condizioni di disabilità cronica, che comprendono deficit motori, cognitivi e psicologici, quindi una scarsa qualità della vita correlata alla salute (HRQoL). Attraverso un approccio biopsicosociale multidisciplinare, il focus del presente lavoro è quello di esplorare i potenziali benefici delle tecnologie e degli interventi basati sulla plasticità in un contesto di riabilitazione clinica. In questa tesi discuto i risultati preliminari sugli effetti della stimolazione cerebellare transcranica a corrente continua (ctDCS) combinata con il Task-Oriented Circuit Training nella SM: quest'ultimo ha migliorato l'equilibrio, la mobilità e il funzionamento esecutivo, ma la tDCS cerebellare non ha potenziato gli effetti dell'allenamento. L'ansia e la depressione non hanno mostrato cambiamenti significativi, sebbene i pazienti percepissero una migliore HRQoL mentale dopo il trattamento. È presentato inoltre un protocollo di studio nella SM con l'obiettivo di testare l'efficacia della Video Game Therapy rispetto all'allenamento con piattaforma di equilibrio. La nostra aspettativa è di rilevare con la VGT un effetto più significativo su mobilità, equilibrio, dual-task e componente psicologica. Inoltre, vengono esposti i dati di pazienti con ictus subacuto sottoposti ad Action Observation Training. Tutti i pazienti hanno migliorato la funzione motoria; tuttavia, il deficit di attenzione, la gravità dell'ictus e l'ansia/depressione sono predittori significativi per l'incremento nel funzionamento senso-motorio. I pazienti con deficit di attenzione hanno descritto un livello inferiore di coinvolgimento e una minore accuratezza negli esercizi computerizzati interattivi utilizzati per mantenere la concentrazione durante il training. Il trend dell’accuratezza mostra un miglioramento sostenuto fino alla 3° settimana e poi un calo, forse a causa di una diminuzione del coinvolgimento nel training. Nei pazienti affetti da malattie croniche è necessario mantenere nel tempo una certa continuità nel trattamento multidisciplinare per ridurre l'impatto sulla malattia. Attraverso la Stroke Impact Scale, abbiamo dimostrato che la disabilità e la HRQoL sono migliorate dopo la riabilitazione indipendentemente dal tipo di trattamento, ma si sono deteriorate 6 anni dopo l'ictus, ad eccezione dei domini di memoria e capacità di pensiero, emozioni e comunicazione. La gravità dell'ictus, il sesso maschile e l'età avanzata sono fattori che hanno influenzato il punteggio totale. Il punteggio alla SIS-16 (solo domini fisici), la presenza di deficit sensoriale e il setting del paziente erano fattori legati a SIS-16 alla fine della riabilitazione e dopo 6 mesi. Durante il COVID-19 il servizio di riabilitazione è stato interrotto/limitato e le modalità di intervento sono cambiate. Per contenere il contagio, è stato proposto un programma di teleriabilitazione in un campione di pazienti con disabilità fisiche, che mostrano un buon livello di fattibilità e accettabilità, nonostante i limiti tecnologici. L'età, la riserva cognitiva e la resilienza risultano predittori di soddisfazione con la teleriabilitazione. Restano da definire le linee guida per il lavoro in modalità remota, nonché una formazione del personale e dei pazienti e la creazione di piattaforme digitali adeguate. Questi studi presentano il limite della piccola dimensione campionaria e della mancanza di dati neurofisiologici quantitativi; inoltre sono stati condotti anche durante la pandemia, comportando difficoltà organizzative e risultando fattore confondente dei dati raccolti. In conclusione, gli studi confermano che la presenza di disturbi cognitivi o dell'umore oltre ad influenzarsi a vicenda possono avere un forte impatto sul processo di riabilitazione e sul suo esito finale; da qui l'importanza del ruolo del neuropsicologo nel setting neuroriabilitativo
Stroke and multiple sclerosis (MS) are chronic disability condition, comprising motor, cognitive and psychological deficit, thus a poor health-related quality of life.Through a multidisciplinary biopsychosocial approach, the focus of the present work is to explore the potential benefits of plasticity-based technologies and interventions in a clinical rehabilitation setting. Studies described below confirm that the presence of cognitive or mood disorder besides influencing each other’s may greatly impact the process of rehabilitation and its final outcome. In this thesis I discuss preliminary results on the effects of combined cerebellar transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (ctDCS) with Task-Oriented Circuit Training in MS: the latter effectively ameliorated balance, mobility and executive functioning, but cerebellar tDCS did not boost training effects. Anxiety/depression did not show significant changes, although patients perceived a better mental HRQoL after treatment. We also present, in MS, a study protocol with the aim to test the efficacy of Video Game Therapy compared with balance platform training. Our expectancy is to detect a more significant effect on mobility, balance and dual-task through VGT, besides an improvement in the psychological component. Moreover, I presented data of subacute stroke patient who underwent Action Observation Training. All patients improved motor function; however, attention deficit, stroke severity and anxiety/depression are significant predictor for increment of sensorimotor functioning. Patients with attention deficit described a lower level of engagement and a lower mean accuracy of interactive computerized exercises used to maintain concentration during the training. With regards to accuracy, trends showed sustained improvement up to the 3° week and then decayed – perhaps due to a decrease in involvement of the training. In chronic diseases patients, it is essential to maintain a certain continuity in the multidisciplinary treatment over time due to reduce the impact on illness. Through the Stroke Impact Scale, we showed that Disability and HR-QoL improved after rehabilitation independently of type treatment, but deteriorated 6 years after stroke, except for Memory and Thinking Ability, Emotions and Communication domains. Stroke severity, male gender and older age are all factors that influenced total score. Baseline SIS-16 (only physical domains), presence of a sensory deficit and patient's setting were factors related to SIS-16 at the end of rehabilitation and after 6 months. During COVID-19, rehabilitation service has been interrupted or limited and the modalities of intervention have inevitably changed. To contain the contagion, was proposed a telerehabilitation program in a sample of patients with physical disabilities, which show a good level of feasibility and acceptability, despite some technology challenges. Age, cognitive reserve, and resilience were significant predictors of satisfaction with telerehabilitation. However, since the COVID-19 is still present, it remains to be set out practical guidelines on how to work with remote modality, as well as a staff and patient training and creation of adequate digital platforms. These studies, besides the limit of the small sample size and lack of quantitative neurophysiological data, were carried out also during the pandemic, involving organizational difficulties, as well as being a confounding factor of data collected. In conclusion, this thesis highlights the relation between cognitive and motor processes and raise several practical implications for designing effective rehabilitation programs, that impact also in mood and HRQOL. Of note, intervention must be encompasses not only physical activity but address all aspects of everyday life, including cognitive functioning, psychological well-being and social participation; hence the importance of the role of the neuropsychologist in the neurorehabilitation setting.

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Kwiatkowski, Maja Anna. „Effects of methamphetamine on prenatally exposed children in Cape Town: cognition and intrinsic functional brain connectivity“. Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13717.

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Methamphetamine use among pregnant women is an increasing problem in South Africa. The aim of this cross-sectional exploratory study was to examine the possible neurotoxic effects of prenatal methamphetamine exposure (PME) on cognition and the developing brain in a sample of affected children in Cape Town, South Africa. Thus, this is a two-part study: the first part examines the effects of PME on neuropsychological outcomes, and the second part examines the effects of PME on intrinsic functional brain connectivity. Children with PME (n = 23) and unexposed controls (n = 22) completed a battery of neurocognitive assessments, and a smaller sub-sample (n = 36; 19 children with PME, 17 unexposed controls) also underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI). Independent samples t-tests revealed that children with PME scored significantly more poorly on measures of IQ, learning and memory, confrontation naming, visual-motor integration, and fine motor co-ordination, when compared to controls. Hierarchical regression analyses confirmed that PME has a significant effect on cognitive performance, and that this effect largely withstands the effects of potentially confounding sociodemographic and anthropometric variables. Independent component analyses revealed significant betweengroup differences in functional brain networks detected in task-free RS-fMRI in children with PME. Specifically, there is evidence for compromised connectivity within and between the basal ganglia network and default mode network in children with PME. Overall, the findings contribute to the small but growing literature on the cognitive effects of PME. The current study is the first to document preliminary evidence indicating aberrant intrinsic functional brain connectivity in children with PME, and suggests that further investigation of potential associations between particular neurocognitive deficits and such aberrant connectivity might be warranted.

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Subramoney, Sivenesi. „The effects of racial group membership and cognitive load on empathy and helping behaviour“. Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22949.

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Research suggests that people feel more empathy for racial in-group compared to racial outgroup members, and in some circumstances, are more likely to help racial in- than out-group members. Furthermore, there is evidence that cognitive load may also attenuate helping behavior. Research is yet to establish the influence of both racial group membership and cognitive load on empathy and helping, however. In this study, a sample of 104 women (52 Black and 52 White) completed either a Low or a High cognitive load task and then viewed video clips depicting racial in- and out-group members in distress. I measured participants' selfreported empathy, physiological activity, and willingness to help those in distress. The results did not show the expected racial bias in empathic responding, but rather, indicated heightened empathy (seen in both self-reported and physiological responses) for the Black target individual, regardless of participant race. Secondly, although cognitive load did not influence empathic responding, participants in the High Load condition were less likely to offer help than participants in the Low Load condition. Finally, correlation data suggest that racial group membership and cognitive load contributed to the associations between individual differences (i.e., in ethnic identification, motivations to respond without prejudice, and trait empathy), empathic responding, and helping behavior. Overall, the findings contribute to a growing literature on cross-racial empathy, and highlight the complex physiology underlying our empathy for others.

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Lanesman, Talia. „Implementation of an attention training program with children who have sustained traumatic brain injuries in South Africa“. Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13716.

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an international public health concern, particularly in lowand middle-income countries. Children who sustain TBIs typically have attentional difficulties, which disrupt the development and functioning of other cognitive, behavioural, and social skills. The aim of this research was to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of implementing an attention-training program for children who have sustained moderate-tosevere TBI in South Africa, and to compare the efficacy of the program in two clinical samples: children with TBI and children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Fifteen children aged 6 to 8 who sustained TBIs at least a year before were recruited to form three groups: a TBI Intervention Group (n=5), a TBI Art Group (n=5) and a TBI Control Group (n=5). Five children who had been diagnosed with ADHD formed the ADHD Intervention Group. Children in the two Intervention Groups participated in the ‘Pay Attention!’ program (originally designed to assist children with ADHD) for 45 minutes twice a week for 12 weeks. All children underwent neuropsychological testing pre- and postintervention and behavioural data was collected from parents and teachers. Between- and within-group analyses showed that children in the TBI Intervention group did not show overall significant improvements in attention. However, children in the ADHD Intervention Group showed individual attentional improvements on measures of the CPT-II, as well as secondary gains in verbal memory. Nevertheless, implementing a cognitive rehabilitation intervention in South Africa is feasible and necessary, despite limited infrastructure and access to resources. Further research is required to better tailor interventions to the needs of children with TBIs.

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Meiring, Landi-Chantel. „Prenatal alcohol exposure-related reading and phonological processing deficits mediated by working memory“. Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27661.

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Few research studies have investigated the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) on reading ability and/or on phonological processing. Most published studies have only included measures of single-word reading. This choice means those studies may lack ecological validity in that they might not have adequately captured the real-life reading difficulties experienced by individuals with PAE. Furthermore, only a handful have considered the possible mediating roles of those higher-order cognitive functions (e.g., working memory (WM)) that are known to be affected by PAE. The current research employed an extensive battery of phonological processing measures, as well as a reading test that featured measures of reading accuracy, reading rate, and comprehension. A sample of 159 children between 9 and 14 years of age, with varying degrees of PAE, including heavily exposed children and non- or minimally-exposed controls, were tested. The design also considered the potential for a mediating role of WM on performances on these tests. Overall, results showed performance deficits in children with either fetal alcohol syndrome or partial fetal alcohol syndrome on reading comprehension and on four measures of phonological processing, after control for potential confounders. Additional analyses showed that performance within all five of these reading-related domains were at least partially mediated by WM performance. I discuss these results in the context of previous findings in this literature, and describe their implications for reading interventions in children and adolescents with PAE.

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Amod, Alyssa R. „Stress-induced sex differences in spatial naviagation“. Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22950.

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Certain forms of spatial navigation are centered, neuroanatomically, on the hippocampal formation, a brain structure vulnerable to increased levels of the stress hormone cortisol. Although empirical studies have identified a substantial sex difference, in favor of males, on laboratory-based spatial navigation tasks, little research has investigated whether, and how, these sex differences manifest under conditions of psychological or physiological stress. The current study aimed to resolve some of the inconsistencies in the literature, and to investigate the relations between stress and performance in male and female participants. The current study followed a mixed quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design in which men (n = 23) and women (n = 23) were tested on two separate days (the first day under control conditions and the second under stressful conditions). I utilized a novel stress induction paradigm (the Fear Factor Stress Test) that would produce both hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and autonomic nervous system activity in men and women, and created a spatial navigation virtual environment task that would allow for cue usage of both landmarks and gradients. Participants also completed the Card Rotations Test as an assessment of their mental rotation abilities. I hypothesized that (a) men would perform better on spatial navigation tasks than women on Day 1 (i.e., the control condition) despite the availability of landmark cues, and (b) stress would affect spatial navigation performance in women more than in men. Results suggested that the stressor used was effective in eliciting appropriate responses in both men and women, however women showed smaller cortisol increases than men, relative to baseline. Regarding the navigation task, under unstressed conditions men showed a steeper learning curve than women in an unchanged environment, and performed better than women only when a proximal landmark cue was removed from the environment. Furthermore, findings suggested that acute psychosocial stress enhanced navigational performance in men, but impaired such performance in women. Regarding the mental rotation task, no sex differences were observed under unstressed conditions; however, under the stressed condition men improved in their performance whereas women were relatively unaffected. It appears then that men's spatial ability might, under particular conditions and on particular tasks, be enhanced following exposure to a stressor. Furthermore, the pattern of results observed in the spatial navigation task suggests that the types of navigation-aiding cues in an environment (as well as location of these cues relative to the target) play a significant role in eliciting sex differences in navigational performance following exposure to a psychosocial stressor.

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Carter, Kirsty. „The relationship between childhood attachment, parenting styles and social development in autism spectrum disorder“. Master's thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31160.

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Although social deficits are a defining feature in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), not enough is known about the origin and impact of these impairments. Current research agrees that deficits in Theory of Mind (ToM) contribute to the social disconnectedness evident in children with ASD. Furthermore, studies in neurotypical populations have found significant links between attachment security and ToM acquisition, and some have posited parenting behaviours as predictors of social development. Less is known about these construct in children with ASD. This study aimed to form a foundational view of the relationships between parenting style, attachment, and Theory of Mind development in a sample of ASD children compared to a sample of neurotypical children. 80 parent-child pairs were included in the study. The sample was comprised of 40 verbal children with an ASD diagnosis and 40 neurotypical children. Children between the ages of 6 and 16 years were included in the study. Parenting style and attachment were measured using scaled response parent-report questionnaires while ToM was assessed using the University of Cape Town Theory of Mind Battery. ASD diagnoses were confirmed using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition (ADOS2). Results showed that while both the ASD group and the neurotypical group reported significantly more Authoritative parenting than the other two styles (Authoritarian and Permissive), there was also more of the less positive parenting styles reported in the ASD group. Furthermore, none of the three parenting styles in question were significant predictors of Theory of Mind. The results further indicated that the ASD group reported less secure attachment, and also more insecure attachment (Ambivalent and Avoidant) than the neurotypical group. Attachment classification, specifically insecure attachment, showed to be a significant predictor of Theory of Mind. Associations between parenting style and attachment showed different patterns in the ASD sample compared to the neurotypical sample. Results, limitations, and futher directions were also discussed.

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Gartner, Yvonne. „Immature recall ability in dream reporting with children aged 3-5“. Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13455.

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The content of dreams of children aged between three and five years old has been the topic of ongoing debate in past dream research. The bulk of this research was conducted by Foulkes (1982, 1999), who concluded that children of this age group experience impoverished dreams with little emotional content, an absence of active self-participation, and a lack of kinematic imagery (i.e., mental representations of movement, activities and interactions). These conclusions were based on the brief and mundane dream reports provided by children during his 1982 longitudinal laboratory study. However, Foulkes’ research did not test the children’s memory skills and ability to narrate an event, and did not compare these to the dream reports the children produced. The importance of memory skills and narrative ability as potential confounds when studying children’s dreams has been postulated in existing literature. In view of the findings of past studies on young children’s dreams and their cognitive capacity for dreaming, the present study re-examined the quantitative and qualitative features of dream reports of children aged three to five years old. The present study included parameters of testing memory skills and narrative ability to analyse whether these confound the dream report findings, and if so, whether one can draw any firm conclusions about dreams based on a dream report provided by the children.

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Stephens, Marina Anne. „Screening for autism spectrum disorders in a developmental clinic in the Western Cape : using the modified checklist for autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT)“. Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20621.

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ASD has an estimated prevalence of 1 in 68, making it one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in children. Furthermore, its prevalence is increasing; therefore, there is a rising demand for screening tools to help achieve beneficial early diagnosis and intervention outcomes. However, there is a lack of literature around ASD and ASD screening tool validity in South Africa. This thesis adapted and assessed the use of South African English, Afrikaans and IsiXhosa versions of the 23-item Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) screening tool, for a Western Cape state hospital. The M-CHAT was completed by parents (N=255) of children between the ages of 1.5 and 4.99 years, at the Red Cross Children's Hospital developmental clinic. The demographic variables of Child's Age or Sex, Income and Mothers Education did not significantly affect the M-CHAT scores. Furthermore, on qualitative inspection, neither Home language nor Ethnicity of the child appeared to affect the screening scores. Final M-CHAT scores and high internal consistencies were similar across the three M-CHAT language versions, likely indicating their equivalence in flagging ASD. Even the extended age range (4.01-4.99 years) included in this study, did not appear to affect the M-CHAT scores. The M-CHAT follow-up interview was important in determining the ASD risk outcome. Overall, 67% failed the M-CHAT initially, thus requiring follow-up questioning, and of those, 40% changed their outcome and subsequently passed. Interestingly, filling out the M-CHAT in a first or second language did not affect the percentage requiring the follow-up nor the proportions changing their outcome after follow-up. The items which were poor or good discriminators between those eventually passing or failing overall were investigated. The good discriminating items were not necessarily the same as the originally suggested critical items. Thus, new critical items and the possible removal of unnecessary items for this context may need further investigation. For phase 2, a small subgroup (n=38) filling in the English M-CHAT took part in formal ASD diagnostic assessments, using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS/ADOS-2). Preliminary investigations into the English M-CHAT's predictive abilities are promising. A cut-off of 3/23 items overall indicates high sensitivity (.84) and adequate specificity (.69). The adapted cut-off of 1/6 critical items results in good sensitivity (.76) and high specificity (.92). The promising results warrant further investigations into the predictive validity of all 3 language versions of the M-CHAT. This thesis takes the first steps in validating the use of the M-CHAT in this low SES context and indicates positive prospects for its future use in state clinics in the Western Cape, and ultimately South Africa.

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Hamilton, Katie. „An exploration of the relationship between autism spectrum disorders, theory of mind and the serotonin transporter promoter length polymorphism“. Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24321.

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Includes bibliographical references
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a highly heritable prevalent pervasive developmental disorder. All cases have deficits in social communication and interaction and in restricted and repetitive behaviours and interests. The mechanisms underlying different clinical presentations remain elusive. Deficits in Theory of Mind (ToM), the ability to understand that others have mental states independent of one's own, have been suggested as a possibly underlying the socia l deficits in ASD. The serotonin transporter promoter length polymorphism (5 - HTTLPR) has been implicated in ASD, and as serotonin is implicated in social functioning more generally, it is possible that 5 - HTTLPR could underlie social functioning in ASD. As such, ToM and 5 - HTTLPR have been implicated in ASD, and specifically as underlying the social deficits typical of this disorder. This protocol assessed core ASD symptoms (i.e. deficits in social communication and interaction, and impairment in restricted and repetitive behaviours and interests) in 69 children with ASD between the ages of 7 and 14 years. The Autism Social Skills Profile, Social Communication Questionnaire, and Repetitive Behavior Scale - Revised assessed these symptoms. 5 - HTTLPR genotypes were established for 55 of these children. ToM was comprehensively assessed in 57 of the children using the University of Cape Town Autism Research Group's Theory of Mind Battery. This protocol is the first is a series of studies assessing the biological bases for social deficits in ASD. One of the main aims was to pilot the use of ASD scales in a local sample. The preliminary analyses assessed the performance of these scales. This data was also used to assess whether the new DSM - 5's merging of social communication and social interaction into a single domain was supported. Study One then assessed for possible relationships between 5 - HTTLPR and cores ASD symptoms, and hypothesised that the 5 - HTTLPR genotype with the most reduced serotonergic transmission woul d relate to increased deficits in social communication and interaction. Study Two explored possible relationships between core ASD symptoms and ToM, and between 5 - HTTLPR and ToM. It was expected that impairment in social communication and interaction would correlation with reduced ToM ability, and that ToM would be most impaired in children with the genotype with the most reduced serotonergic transmission. Preliminary analyses found the scales did not perform well in a local sample. This was likely due to cultural, socio - economic, and educational factors. The bluntness of the scales 13 and broad nature of ASD characteristics likely also contributed. The DSM - 5's diagnostic criteria were supported. Study One and Study Two found no relationships between core ASD symptoms, ToM, and 5 - HTTLPR. Core ASD symptoms were assessed very broadly and it was not possible to establish clear phenotypes for the participants, which likely undermined analyses. At most this protocol showed that broad assessment of core ASD symptoms is not specific enough to reveal relationships to underlying mechanisms, and that ToM and 5 - HTTLPR are not implicated when board measures are used. We emphasise the need for better measures in ASD. We also believe the serotonin system needs to be investigated beyond 5 - HTTLPR in ASD

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Bücher zum Thema "Clinical neuropsychology"

name, No. Clinical neuropsychology. 4. Aufl. New York: Oxford University Press, 2003.

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Goldstein, Laura H., und Jane E. McNeil, Hrsg. Clinical Neuropsychology. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470013338.

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1938-, Heilman Kenneth M., und Valenstein Edward 1942-, Hrsg. Clinical neuropsychology. 4. Aufl. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.

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1938-, Heilman Kenneth M., und Valenstein Edward 1942-, Hrsg. Clinical neuropsychology. 3. Aufl. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.

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1951-, Clement Pamelia F., Hrsg. Diagnostic clinical neuropsychology. 3. Aufl. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1997.

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Isabelle, Rapin, und Segalowitz Sidney J, Hrsg. Handbook of neuropsychology. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1992.

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Elias, Lorin J. Neuropsychology: Clinical and experimental foundations. Boston: Pearson/Allyn & Bacon, 2006.

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Uzzell, Barbara P., und Yigal Gross, Hrsg. Clinical Neuropsychology of Intervention. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2291-7.

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Goldstein, Gerald, und Ralph E. Tarter, Hrsg. Advances in Clinical Neuropsychology. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2211-5.

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Parsons, Thomas D. Clinical Neuropsychology and Technology. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31075-6.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Clinical neuropsychology"

Stringer, Anthony Y. „Clinical Neuropsychology“. In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 807–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_664.

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Stringer, Anthony. „Clinical Neuropsychology“. In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56782-2_664-2.

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Ruff, Ronald, und Christina Weyer Jamora. „Clinical Neuropsychology“. In IAAP Handbook of Applied Psychology, 112–36. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444395150.ch5.

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Schuster, Richard. „Clinical Neuropsychology“. In Criminal Court Consultation, 259–72. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0739-6_16.

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Stringer, Anthony Y. „Clinical Neuropsychology“. In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 591–94. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_664.

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Hartley, Isabella, und Indre V. Viskontas. „Neuropsychology“. In Investigating Clinical Psychology, 165–78. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003259510-17.

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Stringer, Anthony Y. „Neuropsychology“. In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 2440–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_671.

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Stringer, Anthony. „Neuropsychology“. In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1–5. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56782-2_671-2.

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Franzen, Michael D. „Neuropsychology“. In Introduction to Clinical Psychology, 343–59. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1573-3_15.

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Stringer, Anthony Y. „Neuropsychology“. In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1769–72. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_671.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Clinical neuropsychology"

Solovieva, Yulia, und Luis Quintanar. „Qualitative neuropsychological assessment of children“. In 2nd International Neuropsychological Summer School named after A. R. Luria “The World After the Pandemic: Challenges and Prospects for Neuroscience”. Ural University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.7.

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Qualitative assessment is an essential method of clinical neuropsychology. According to conceptual bases of historical and cultural neuropsychology, qualitative assessment should include analysis of the neuropsychological syndrome in each particular case. The paper presents the method for qualitative neuropsychological assessment created for children in Mexico for Spanish.speaking population aged 5–12 with the help of the Scheme for “Brief Neuropsychological Assessment for Children”. The structure and the ways for analysis of clinical data are included. The conclusions mention the possible applications of this instrument.

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Morganti, F., A. Gaggioli, L. Strambi, M. L. Rusconi und G. Riva. „Computer-enhanced route and survey spatial knowledge assessment in clinical neuropsychology“. In 2006 International Workshop on Virtual Rehabilitation. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iwvr.2006.1707537.

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Krohn, Stephan, Johanne Tromp, Eva M. Quinque, Julia Belger, Felix Klotzsche, Michael Gaebler, Angelika Thone-Otto und Carsten Finke. „Multidimensional assessment of virtual reality applications in clinical neuropsychology: The “VR-Check” protocol“. In 2019 International Conference on Virtual Rehabilitation (ICVR). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icvr46560.2019.8994590.

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Dias, Jéssica Azevedo, Matheus de Serpa Vale, Raquel Penido Oliveira und Thaís Helen Rezende Pio. „Alzheimer’s: what is the difference between or frontotemporal dementia“. In XIV Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.141s1.544.

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Introduction: In the study of neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been classically considered with a typical presentation of cognitive symptoms and neuroanatomical changes. However, there are clinical phenotypes of AD whose neurobiological bases are similar to frontotemporal dementia (FTD). In this sense, the heterogeneity of these pictures leads to inaccurate evaluation and diagnosis processes, due to the scant knowledge about their neurocognitive symptoms. The early stages of Alzheimer’s-type dementia are classically characterized by memory impairment, whereas behavioral and personality changes appear in the early stages of FTD. However, in clinical practice, the differential diagnosis is difficult. Objectives: The objective of this systematic review is to establish neuropsychological characteristics and similarities in patients with AD and FTD, identifying key elements for their differential diagnosis, through clinical and imaging exams, with the objective of enhancing the clinical management of the patient. Methods: A bibliographic survey was carried out in SciELO and PubMed databases and indexers, using the terms “frontotemporal dementia”, “alzheimer’s” and “neuropsychology”, in Portuguese and English. Six updated articles were then selected, considering their adequacy to the objective of the work. Results: Evidence suggests that there are important differences in cognitive domains such as language (eg, verbal fluency), memory, social cognition, executive functioning, and behavior; These aspects should be considered fundamental in any process of neuropsychological evaluation and diagnosis. Conclusion: There are linguistic aspects that promise to be powerful biomarkers for the differential diagnosis between AD and FTD, namely semantic and phonemic verbal fluency and semantic-grammatical alterations, which may be fundamental in differentiating the diseases leading to an adequate conduct for each patient.

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Bullock, Hannah, Scott Harcourt, Dayana Rodriguez, Annelly Bure, Corneliu Luca, Jonathan Jagid, Bonnie Levin, Julia See, Ihtsham Haq und Marina Sarno. „Clinical Utility of Home-to-Home Tele-neuropsychology (TeleNP) in the Assessment of Post-Operative Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) Outcomes in Parkinson’s disease (PD) Patients (P10-11.012)“. In 2023 Annual Meeting Abstracts. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000202942.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Clinical neuropsychology"

Paul-Brown, Diane. Evaluating and Treating Communication and Cognitive Disorders: Approaches to Referral and Collaboration for Speech-Language Pathology and Clinical Neuropsychology. Rockville, MD: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/policy.tr2003-00137.

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Understanding and supporting children looked after and adopted children - recording. ACAMH, März 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.26660.

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For delegates only. It is recognised that the children looked after population is often on clinical caseloads, yet there appears to be little discussion around both the impact of their early life experiences on their neuropsychology, and the practical aspects of working with this specific population due to this. This webinar focused on the mental health of children looked after and adopted children.

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