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1
Tourdot, Justin M. „A comparison of wet manual cleaning processes to carbon dioxide cleaning processes in the semiconductor industry“. Online version, 2001. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2001/2001tourdotj.pdf.
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2
Curran, Carmel. „Laser cleaning of microelectronic components for the semiconductor industry“. Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399207.
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3
Sinsheimer, Peter. „Fashioning a greener shade of clean integrating pollution prevention into public policy : the case of professional wet cleaning /“. Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1835200081&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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4
Noyan, Mehmet Alican. „Self-cleaning optical surfaces for the inkjet and 3D printing industry“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/456201.
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Liquid and solid repellent surfaces are key to many industries. For example, construction industry benefits from self-cleaning windows, cements, paints, roof tiles, and corrosion resistant surfaces, while easy-to-clean, antifingerprint and antibacterial surfaces are highly relevant for display applications.
In inkjet and 3D printers, the unwanted deposition on the inner parts of raw materials in the form of liquid, aerosol or solid particulates may cause device malfunctioning. In particular, ink aerosol and powder may obstruct light passage in several key components, such as sensors and lamps. To address this, the thesis proposes and investigates novel designs and methods to reduce ink aerosol and powder contamination on transparent surfaces.
In the first part, Joule heating and hydrophobicity against ink aerosol contamination are studied. The former effect is provided by a transparent conducting film (TCF), while the latter through a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) coating. The combination of the two effects reduce transmittance loss from an average of 10% to less than 1.5% in the presence of ink aerosol. Correspondingly, the area of the surface covered by ink decreases from around 45% to less than 2%. Results obtained with the glass substrates are subsequently extended to the plastic window of a commercial inkjet printer calibration sensor. Furthermore, effectiveness of the proposed self-cleaning surfaces inside an inkjet printer is demonstrated.
In the second part, a technology called ¿electric curtain¿ is used to design a self-cleaning surface against powder contamination in 3D printers. Powders are the starting material for forming the objects and are largely present inside the printer. It is shown that an electric curtain can clean about 50% of the powder that deposits on the surface . The thesis also proposes a new electric curtain design consisting of a double electrode layer which significantly increases the particle removal efficacy to more than 70%, with plenty of margin of improvement.
In summary, in this thesis novel self-cleaning transparent surfaces are proposed and their potential for inkjet and 3D printing industry is demonstrated in real operating conditions.En la actualidad, el uso de superficies repelentes de partículas sólidas y líquidas es de gran importancia en el ámbito de la industria. Un caso concreto es el de la industria de la construcción, donde el uso de ventanas, cementos, pinturas y tejas que son “autolimpiables” junto con superficies resistentes a la corrosión son de gran utilidad. Asimismo, superficies fáciles de limpiar, antibacterianas y antihuella son de vital importancia para aplicaciones de visualización. En el caso concreto de las impresoras de tinta y 3D puede existir la deposición de partículas líquidas y solidas respectivamente, durante el funcionamiento de los equipos. Esto conlleva a un mal funcionamiento de las mismas ya que, tanto el aerosol procedente de las tintas como el polvo utilizado en las impresoras 3D, pueden obstruir el paso de la luz en los componentes principales de la impresora, como son los sensores y lámparas. Con el fin de solucionar las cuestiones descritas previamente, en esta tesis se ha desarrollado un nuevo diseño y procedimiento para reducir la contaminación provocada por los aerosoles y el polvo. En la primera parte, se estudia la reducción de la contaminación de aerosoles en el sensor de la impresora mediante dos vías, el calentamiento del mismo por efecto Joule y modificando químicamente la superficie del sensor transformándola en hidrofóbica. El efecto Joule se proporciona a través de una película conductora transparente (TCF), mientras que la hidrofobicidad se confiere mediante un revestimiento de monocapa autoensamblada (SAM). La combinación de ambos efectos hace que la pérdida de transmisión se reduzca de un 10% a un valor igual o inferior del 1.5%. Asimismo, el área recubierta por el aerosol disminuye de un 45% a un valor de 2%. Estos resultados obtenidos para substratos de vidrio se aplicaron posteriormente a una ventana de plástico de un sensor comercial utilizado en impresoras de tinta. Finalmente, se demuestra la efectividad del proceso propuesto (efecto Joule y SAM) al instalarse en una impresora industrial. En la segunda parte, una tecnología llamada “cortina eléctrica" se utiliza para diseñar una superficie de autolimpieza contra la contaminación de polvo en impresoras 3D. Los polvos son el material de partida para formar los objetos y están en gran parte presentes dentro de la impresora. Se muestra que una cortina eléctrica puede limpiar aproximadamente el 50% del polvo que se deposita en la superficie. La tesis también propone un nuevo diseño de cortina eléctrica consistente en una capa de doble electrodo que aumenta significativamente la eficacia de eliminación de partículas a más del 70%, con suficiente margen de mejora. En resumen, en esta tesis se proponen nuevas superficies transparentes de autolimpieza y se demuestra su potencial para la industria de impresión por inyección y 3D en condiciones reales de funcionamiento.
5
Atwell, Charlotte. „Improvement and optimisation of industrial process cleaning in the brewing industry“. Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3423.
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Heineken faces on-going business challenges due to the frequently increasing demand to attain more rigid production, sustainable, and financial targets. There are many factors which influence their ability to meet these targets within their production processes. One significant area which is often overlooked in industry is the limiting aspects within their cleaning in place (CIP) systems which includes; i) production down time, ii) cleaning costs, iii) effluent costs, and iv) quality control. This thesis details the work done in three projects completed by the research engineer for the EngD with Newcastle University in collaboration with Heineken. The aims of the projects were to benchmark the CIP costs within Bulmers fermentation area, to optimise the detergent cleaning phase of the CIP process for fermentation vessels, and to develop a predictive model to determine the theoretical end point of a cleaning process. The thesis also details business benefits which have been seen from the EngD. The research engineer has spent 3.5 years of the EngD working on site at Bulmers on the projects by i) collecting extensive data and site knowledge, ii) performing bench scale experiments, iii) analysis of results, and iv) on site verification of findings. The rest of the time was spent at Newcastle University for the taught section of the EngD, or performing pilot scale trials on the ZEAL pilot plant at Birmingham University. Based on the outcomes of the projects, the work done may be implemented to optimise the detergent CIP step, reduce chemical and water consumption, reduce effluent costs and reduce production down time. The predictive model may also be further developed for implementation on site to provide cost benefits in the same aspects of site cleaning. The overall implementation is predicted to save more than £2,000,000 per annum for Bulmers with the opportunity to be extended and provide comparable savings for all Heineken sites.
6
Yardi, Chaitanya Narendra. „Design of regulated velocity flow assurance device for petroleum industry“. Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1527.
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The petroleum industry faces problems in transportation of crude petroleum be-
cause of the deposition of paraffins, hydrates and asphaltenes on the insides of the
pipeline. These are conventionally removed using either chemical inhibitors or mechani-
cal devices, called pigs, which travel through the pipeline and mechanically scrape away
the deposits. These pigs are propelled by the pipeline product itself and hence travel at
the same velocity as the product. Research has indicated that cleaning would be better
if the pigs are traveling at a relatively constant velocity of around 70% of the product
velocity.
This research utilizes the concept of regulating the bypass flow velocity in order to
maintain the pig velocity. The bypass flow is regulated by the control unit based on
the feedback from the turbine flowmeter, which monitors the bypass flow. A motorized
butterfly valve is used for actually controlling the bypass flow.
In addition to cleaning, the proposed pig utilizes on-board electronics like accelerom-
eter and pressure transducers to store the data gathered during the pig run. This data
can then be analyzed and the condition of the pipeline predicted.
Thus, this research addresses the problem of designing a pig to maintain a constant
velocity in order to achieve better cleaning. It also helps gather elementary data that
can be used to predict the internal conditions in the pipe.
7
Lado, Karen M. (Karen Maria). „Immigrant workers in the cleaning industry : the Central American experience in Boston“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68292.
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8
Emmerich, Jodi. „Cost analysis on the use of chamber cleaning agents nitrogen trifluoride and chlorine trifluoride in the semiconductor industry“. Online version, 1999. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1999/1999emmerichj.pdf.
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9
Van, Dyke Stephanie A. „An analysis of chlorine trifluoride as an effective substitute for nitrogen triflouride in the chemical vapor deposition reactor cleaning process“. Online version, 1998. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1998/1998vandykes.pdf.
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10
Crabbe, Tim John. „Multinational companies in the cleaning industry : local government privatisation, trade union responses and the European dimension“. Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.259945.
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11
Vazirani, Raj A. (Raj Anand). „Cost benefit analysis of process change implementation : alternate wet cleaning technology in the semiconductor manufacturing industry“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/114092.
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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 2001.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 29).
Maintaining wafer surfaces free of contamination is an essential requirement for the successful fabrication of semiconductor devices. With the growing trend of increased device complexity and reduction of device feature sizes, the area of wet cleaning of substrate surfaces has gained importance. The existence of organic and metallic contaminant particles and thin films on a wafer surface can drastically reduce line yield. Recent improvements in wet cleaning technology have presented alternate wafer cleaning techniques. The J.T. Baker clean process is a two step replacement for the four step RCA clean which is the current industry standard. The J.T. Baker clean process involves a significant reduction in chemical costs, process time, volume of disposed effluent, and parts usage. Furthermore, the J.T. Baker clean process eliminates the use of environmentally hazardous chemicals such as hydrochloric acid and ammonium hydroxide. However, process change in high volume semiconductor manufacturing facilities presents high levels of risk. A cost benefit model can be used to clearly outline the potential cost benefits and risks associated with implementing a process change in the semiconductor manufacturing facility. Only after understanding the risks involved and having a clear sense of the potential for financial gain can an informed decision on process change be made. This study used the Intel Fab 12 fabrication facility in Chandler, Arizona as a case study to model cost benefits and risk factors associated with implementing the J.T. Baker clean process. It was found that an expected value of cost savings of $285,000 per year could be achieved by replacing the RCA clean method with the J.T. Baker clean process.
by Raj A. Vazirani.
S.B.
12
Guzel, Nazim Beysin, und Ogul Tasman. „Diffusion of 5G Technology and Potential Impact on Business Models : Technology Enabled Value Creation in the Cleaning Industry“. Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Industriell teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-447298.
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New technological innovations are considered as one of the major drivers of economic growth. However, in order to be able to achieve this growth, the diffusion of these new technologies is essential. The large number of factors that influence the diffusion process makes it rather difficult to make estimations, before the realization of the process. Especially emerging technologies, such as 5G technology, can considerably benefit from a better analysis of the diffusion process in order to fully realize their potential. Based on this shortcoming in the existing literature, this study aims to determine the possible impacts of adoption of 5G technology on business models within the cleaning industry. As it is implied in the objective, these impacts of adoption of 5G technology on business models are enabled by the adoption of 5G technology. Therefore, the constraints which influence the adoption of 5G technology are researched initially, as it is a prerequisite to identify potential modifications on business models. A qualitative research methodology was deemed appropriate after the investigation of previous research within the field and to complement the case study design which this thesis internalizes. In addition to the review of relevant academic literature, twelve semi-structured interviews have been conducted as another data source. The qualitative data obtained from these interviews are analyzed using the thematic analysis method and themes are identified after the coding and categorization process. After the analysis, three areas of interest, which are Revenue Models, Logistics Operations and Automation for Individualization, have been identified according to the similarities of results, anticipated opportunities and observed challenges within the cleaning industry. Within these areas, the effects of adopting 5G technology on the value proposition of the business model are examined while considering the drawbacks of the cleaning industry through the collaboration with an external company called L2GO. The study concludes by proposing four potential implications of 5G adoption on business models within the identified areas and identifying the possible changes in their value propositions.
13
Dong, Bingfeng. „Application of Water/Wastewater Treatment in Trace Organic Compounds Removal and Other Industry Sectors“. Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/333205.
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Wastewater reuse is fast becoming an imperative issue based on the developments in water/wastewater engineering coupled with increasing pressures on water resources. Trace organic compounds (TOrCs) that exist in water/wastewater, are a serious threat once they were released in the environment. During the past decade, there has been much progress toward understanding the occurrence, fate and toxicology of trace organic pollutants that enter the environment in treated wastewater. The objective of the first part of this research was to evaluate the combined effects of sequential anaerobic/aerobic digestion on residual TOrCs, concentrating on chemicals that are responsible for observed estrogenic/androgenic activities in biosolids. Full-scale digestion was simulated using bench-scale bioreactors in which the primary independent variables were retention time, temperature, and oxygen loading during aerobic digestion. Treatment-dependent changes in estrogenic/androgenic activity and concentrations of specific Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) were measured. Results suggest that standard mesophilic anaerobic digestion increases the total estrogenic/androgenic activity of sludge while aerobic digestion was effective in the reduction of estrogenic/androgenic activity as a supplementary treatment stage. The second part of the study was focused on the fate of TOrCs and estrogenic activity in water and sediment of the Santa Cruz River, which is effluent dependent except during infrequent periods of rainfall/runoff in Tucson area. Several sampling campaigns were carried out from 2011 to 2013. Results suggest that some organic TOrCs, including those that contribute to estrogenic activity, were rapidly attenuated with distance and time of travel in the Santa Cruz River. Indirect photolysis of estrogenic compounds through the river might play an important role for the observation of estrogenic activity changes in the SCR. Hydrophobic TOrCs may accumulate in river sediments during dry weather periods. Riverbed sediment quality is periodically improved through storm-related scouring during periods of heavy rainfall and runoff. Wastewater effluent can be applied to the algal biodiesel industry based on regional water stress across the world. In the third part of the research, reclaimed wastewater was explored for this purpose, simultaneously satisfying the needs for water, macronutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, and micronutrients necessary for growth of microalgae. At the same time, algal growth in conventionally treated wastewater will improve water quality through the same nutrient removal processes and perhaps by lowering residual levels of trace organics that are an impediment to potable reuse. Results showed that metals levels in most municipal wastewaters are unlikely to disrupt growth, at least by metals tolerant microalgae like Nannochloropsis salina. Cells can grow without inhibition on nutrients from treated municipal wastewater or a centrate stream derived from wastewater treatment. The results also suggest while wastewater provides a suitable nutrient source for algal growth, there is simply not enough municipal wastewater available to support a meaningful biofuels industry without water recycling and nutrient recovery/reuse from spent algae. The last part of the dissertation was the application of water/wastewater treatment techniques, specifically advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) in other industrial sectors. In the integrated circuit production industry, chemical formulations used for megasonic cleaning typically contain hydroxides, peroxides and carbonates, which can affect particle removal efficiency and feature damage. The role of carbonates and ammonia in modulating the oxidation power of megasonic irradiated alkaline solutions through the scavenging of hydroxyl radicals by varying levels of carbonates, bicarbonates, ammonia and solution temperatures on net generation of hydroxyl radicals for applications in semiconductor industry was investigated in this study. The simulation of actual megasonic cleaning process was carried out at acoustic frequency of ~ 1 MHz and different power densities. Carbonate ions were better scavengers of hydroxyl radicals than bicarbonate ions. The effect of bulk solution temperature revealed that the rate of generation of hydroxyl radicals at a power density of 8 W/cm² increased with temperature from 10-30°C, which suggests an increase of transient cavitation with temperature.
14
Hesse, Max. „Reinigung 4.0 – Der Weg zur intelligenten Reinigung“. Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-236429.
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In der Lebensmittelindustrie wird heutzutage noch viel zu häufig mit überdimensionierten und ineffizienten Reinigungssystemen gearbeitet. Diese sind aus Gründen der Prozesssicherheit meist am „Worst-Case-Szenario“ ausgelegt, von bedarfsgerechter bzw. adaptiver Reinigung kann also keine Rede sein. Gründe dafür liegen vor allem am Mangel an Möglichkeiten zum Inline-Reinigungsmonitoring sowie starrer/unintelligenter Reinigungssysteme. Das Fraunhofer IVV Dresden arbeitet im Themenfeld „Adaptive Reinigung“ an verschiedenen Lösungen zur Realisierung einer bedarfsgerechten Reinigung, um eine größtmögliche Reinigungs- bzw. Ressourceneffizienz zu erzielen. [... aus dem Text]
15
Tratsch, Mauricio Vicente Motta. „GESTÃO DE RESÍDUOS EM UMA INDÚSTRIA DE PRODUTOS DE LIMPEZA“. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2010. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8147.
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Environmental management with the managing of waste and other environmental aspects are basic tools in order to a positive environmental performance is achieved. This study outlines how to propose a model of environmental management for a Cleaning Industry of Santa Maria. The
methodology used was an exploratory qualitative research literature, in technical case study. Data collection took place spot through systematic observation as well as
individual assisted by the staff. An initial environmental assessment was made including the following items: laws and applicable environmental regulations, aspects
and environmental impacts and reverse engineering of incidents, including the environmental liabilitiy. Thus, suggestions and proposals have been established, the
creation of an environmental policy for industry; indicators to quantify and study the techniques, reagents and solutions used, action plans and a program of security
management. Thus, this proposal would bring a framework both environmental and security industry and serve as a model-based management to other industries in the
sector, resulting in benefits to stakeholders and society.A gestão ambiental com o gerenciamento dos resíduos e outros aspectos ambientais constituem ferramentas básicas para que um desempenho positivo seja atingido. Esse estudo tem como objetivo propor um modelo de gestão ambiental para uma Indústria de Produtos de Limpeza de Santa Maria. A metodologia utilizada foi de pesquisa exploratória qualitativa com investigação bibliográfica, com técnica de estudo de caso. A coleta de dados se deu in locu por meio de observação assistemática individual como também assistida pelos funcionários. Foi feito uma avaliação ambiental inicial contemplando os seguintes itens: legislação e regulamentações ambientais aplicáveis, aspectos e impactos ambientais e retroanálise de incidentes, incluindo passivo ambiental. Com isso, sugestões e propostas foram estabelecidas, como a criação de política ambiental para indústria; indicadores como a quantificação e estudo das técnicas de produção, reagentes e soluções utilizadas; planos de ação como um programa de gerenciamento de segurança. Assim, este trabalho faz um enquadramento tanto ambiental como de segurança da indústria e servir como um modelo base de gestão a outras indústrias do setor, originando benefícios aos envolvidos e a sociedade.
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Gonçalves, Leandro Vicente. „Tratamento eletroquímico e físico-químico para efluente de lavanderia industrial têxtil“. Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2015. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1229.
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CAPESA lavanderia industrial têxtil é caracterizada pela variedade dos processos aplicados, pelo alto volume de efluentes gerados e pela carga poluidora. A caracterização física e química destes efluentes é de suma importância para determinação do tratamento apropriado, bem como para avaliação dos agentes poluentes e seus impactos potenciais. Desta forma, o desenvolvimento do presente estudo permite o aperfeiçoamento do conhecimento acerca dos processos eletroquímicos e físico-químico para a remoção de cor e carga orgânica em efluentes de lavanderia industrial têxtil. Os experimentos foram realizados em quatro processos: - 1: ensaios de eletrocoagulação / eletrofloculação / eletroflotação utilizando reator em escala de laboratório tipo tanque agitado, com o emprego de eletrodos de alumínio e carbono. - 2: ensaios físico-químicos utilizando o processo de flotação por ar dissolvido (FAD) em unidade de escala de bancada (flotateste) com o uso de tanino “Tanfloc SG”. - 3: ensaios FAD com o uso de policloreto de alumínio (PAC) e polímero aniônico. - 4: ensaios FAD com o uso de sementes de Moringa Oleífera. A metodologia utilizada para os ensaios de todos os processos foram o planejamento experimental do delineamento composto central rotacional DCCR com dois parâmetros avaliados para cada processo: - 1: corrente elétrica, e tempo de eletrocoagulação; - 2: dosagem de coagulante tanino e pH da solução; - 3: dosagem de coagulantes PAC e polímero aniônico; - 4: dosagem de coagulante moringa e pH da solução. Após o término dos ensaios, amostras do efluente tratado foram analisadas para determinação da eficiência de remoção das variáveis cor aparente, turbidez, demanda química de oxigênio (DQO) e sólidos suspensos totais (SST). No processo 1, o eletroquímico foi obtido uma eficiência ótima para a remoção de cor aparente, turbidez, DQO e SST de 86%; 58,93%; 75,2% e 66,3%, respectivamente. Para os ensaios FAD, a eficiência máxima para a remoção de cor aparente, turbidez, DQO e SST foi de 90%; 96,90%; 61,4% e 94,1%, respectivamente, para o processo 2, de 93%; 93,65%; 71,8% e 88,8%, respectivamente, para o processo 3, e de 65%; 80,00%; 40,2% e 62,3%, respectivamente, para o processo 4. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que apenas o experimento utilizando o processo FAD com o coagulante moringa oleífera não foi uma opção viável por ultrapassar o padrão de qualidade da variável cor aparente exigido pela a resolução CONAMA 357. Os demais processos e coagulantes estudados neste trabalho podem ser utilizados como alternativas tecnicamente viáveis para a remoção de cor aparente, turbidez, DQO e SST de efluentes de lavanderia têxtil.
The textile industrial laundry is characterized by the variety of existing processes, the large volume of wastewater and high polluting load. Physical and chemical characterization of these effluents is important to determine the appropriate treatment and to assess pollutants and their potential impacts. Thus, the development of this study allows contribute to the knowledge of the electrochemical processes and physical chemistry in order to remove the color and organic load in textile industrial laundry wastewater. The experiments were performed in four processes: - 1: electrocoagulation / electroflocculation / electrocoagulation tests using reactor at laboratory scale stirred tank with the use of aluminum and carbon electrodes. - 2: physico-chemical tests using process by dissolved air flotation (DAF) with a bench scale unit (flotatest) using tannin "Tanfloc SG". - 3: tests DAF using polyaluminum chloride (PAC) and anionic polymer. - 4: tests DAF using seeds of Moringa oleífera. The methodology used for the testing of all processes was the experimental design central composite rotational design (RCCD) with two parameters assessed for each process: - 1: electric current and electrocoagulation time; - 2: tannin dosage as coagulant and pH solution; - 3: PAC dosage as coagulant and anionic polymer; - 4: moringa dosage as coagulant and pH solution. At the end of the tests, samples of treated wastewater were analyzed to determine the removal efficiency of apparent color, turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solids (TSS). In the process 1, optimal efficiency the electrochemical of process for the removal of apparent color, turbidity, COD and TSS 86%; 58.93%; 75.2% and 66.3%, respectively. For the DAF tests, the maximum efficiency for the removal of apparent color, turbidity, COD and TSS for process 2 was 90%; 96.90%; 61.4% and 94.1%, respectively, for process 3 was 93%; 93.65%; 71.8% and 88.8%, respectively; and for process 4 was 65%; 80.00%; 40.2% and 62.3%, respectively. The results indicated that only the experiment using the DAF process with the moringa oleífera coagulant was not a viable option, because it exceeds the quality standard of the apparent color required by the resolution CONAMA 357. The processes and coagulants studied in this work can be used as technically feasible alternatives to removal apparent color, turbidity, COD and TSS of textile industrial laundry wastewater.
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Furic, Marie. „Utilisation des nouvelles propriétés des solutions détergentes régénérées dans le nettoyage en place d'équipements sensibles“. Thesis, Lorient, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORIS405.
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La régénération des solutions de lavage utilisées en Nettoyage En Place (NEP) présente un intérêt, tant économique qu’environnemental, pour les industriels laitiers. L’étape clé du NEP réside dans le lavage alcalin qui assure l’élimination des souillures organiques déposées sur les équipements. Ce lavage est généralement effectué par des lessives de soude, moins onéreuses que celles de potasse. Nos travaux ont visé à appliquer un procédé physico-chimique de régénération à des lessives de potasse en vue de rentabiliser leur intégration au NEP laitier. La régénération de solutions de potasse souillées par du lait a été examinée et comparée à celle de solutions de soude. L’efficacité du procédé à épurer les solutions de potasse en termes d’abattement de la DCO et de Ntot a été démontrée. L’analyse des solutions régénérées a par ailleurs mis en évidence l’amélioration de leurs propriétés interfaciales (tension superficielle, angle de contact). Ces propriétés, dont l’origine a pu être attribuée à l’accumulation de biotensioactifs, confèrent aux solutions de potasse régénérées un meilleur pouvoir nettoyant. Ce point a été validé lors d’essais de nettoyage de membranes organiques d’ultrafiltration colmatées par des protéines laitières. L’optimisation de la formulation de ces solutions a permis l’obtention de performances de nettoyage comparables à celles d’un détergent commercial classiquement utilisé pour ce type d’application. Enfin, les impacts économiques et environnementaux de l’intégration de lessives de potasse en substitution à celles de soude ont été évalués pour un NEP laitier industriel au travers d’une étude technico-économique et d’une Analyse de Cycle de Vie (ACV)The regeneration of Cleaning In Place (CIP) solutions is interesting, both economically and environmentally, especially in dairy industry. The CIP’s key step lies on the alkaline washing which ensures the removal of organic contaminants deposited on the equipment. This washing is generally done by soda lyes, less expensive than potash ones. Our work aimed to apply a physicochemical regeneration process, based on adsorption-coagulation-flocculation phenomena, on potash lyes to make their integration in the dairy CIP affordable. The regeneration of potash solutions soiled with milk was examined and compared with the soda solutions regeneration. The process effectiveness to purify potash solutions in terms of COD and TN reduction has been shown. The solutions analysis has also highlighted the improvement of their interfacial properties (surface tension, contact angle). These properties, whose origin was attributed to the accumulation of biosurfactants, confer to potash regenerated solutions a best cleaning power. This point was validated during cleaning assays of organic ultrafiltration membranes fouled by milk proteins. The optimization of solutions formulation has also enabled obtaining a cleaning performance as efficient as those of a commercial detergent largely used for this type of application. Finally, economic and environmental impacts of the potash lyes integration in substitution to soda ones were evaluated for dairy industrial CIP through a techno-economic analysis and a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
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Schricker, Felix. „2. Projektwerkstatt Industrielle Bauteilreinigung“. Fraunhofer-Institut für Verfahrenstechnik und Verpackung IVV, Institutsteil Verarbeitungstechnik, Dresden, 2019. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A34083.
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Die qualitätsgerechte, ressourcenschonende und effiziente Bauteilreinigung hat sich zu einem wichtigen Bestandteil der Produktion herausgebildet und ist zu einer qualitätsbestimmenden Schlüsseltechnologie für hochwertige Produkte geworden. Die Entwicklung neuer Prozessführungsstrategien, der Einsatz modernster Systeme bei der Überwachung des Reinigungserfolgs und der Prozessqualität sowie die Durchdringung mit Technologien der Digitalisierung sind wichtige Schwerpunkte für zukünftige und durchgängig qualitätsgesteuerte Reinigungstechnologien.
Als Forum zum Erfahrungsaustausch und zur Diskussion neuer Ideen und Projekte zu diesen Themen - von der Digitalisierung von Prozessen über die intelligente Prozessführung mit innovativen Methoden bis zur Analyse von Qualitätsproblemen – veranstalteten das Fraunhofer IVV Dresden und die Wirtschaftsförderung Sachsen GmbH (WFS) am 14. März 2019 die 2. Projektwerkstatt Industrielle Bauteilreinigung.
Zur Vorbereitung der 2. Projektwerkstatt wurde eine Umfrage durchgeführt. In kurzen Fachvorträgen vermittelten Experten aus Forschung und Praxis einen Überblick über die neuesten Erkenntnisse und Zukunftstrends. Im anschließenden Workshop tauschten die 33 Teilnehmer von insgesamt 22 Unternehmen und Forschungseinrichtungen ihre Erfahrungen zu den Themen Grenzen aktueller Reinigungsverfahren, Industrielle Standards der Bauteilreinigung, Bedarfsgerechte Digitalisierung von Reinigungsprozessen und Effizienzsteigerung mittels intelligenter Bauteiltrocknung aus. Im Zuge des offenen Erfahrungsaustausches wurden gemeinsam vielversprechende Zielstellungen und Lösungsansätze für öffentlich geförderte Forschungsvorhaben und bilaterale Industrieprojekte erarbeitet. Auf gleiche Weise entstanden bereits aus der Projektwerkstatt 2018 heraus konkrete Ansätze für Projekte. Diese thematisieren die Digitalisierung von Reinigungsprozessen im Kontext ganzer Fertigungsketten sowie die Entwicklung einer Systemlösung zur Inlinedetektion nicht-fluoreszierender filmischer Verunreinigungen und werden in Kürze auf den Weg gebracht.:1. Prof. Dr. Katja Mannschreck (Hochschule Heilbronn): Stabile Bauteilsauberkeit in der Produktion
2. Dr. Michael Flämmich (VACOM Vakuum Komponenten & Messtechnik GmbH): Teilereinigungsprozesse fähig und beherrscht: Six-Sigma-Methoden in der Anwendung
3. Dr. Thomas Dreyer (Weber Ultrasonics AG): Ultraschallreinigung als qualitätsrelevanter Prozess - Grundlagen und Parameterbestimmung
4. Markus Windisch (Fraunhofer IVV Dresden): Digitalisierung in der Bauteilreinigung: Chancen für die Qualitätssicherung
5. Dr. Uwe Lienig (Wirtschaftsförderung Sachsen GmbH): Innovationsprozesse in KMU unterstützen – Projektwerkstatt und Fördermöglichkeiten
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Ředina, Dalibor. „Sestavení a testování zařízení pro výrobu ozonované vody a její aplikace na čištění křemíkových desek“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-319932.
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Deionised-ozonated water, so-called DIO3 appears to be an ideal alternative for usage in semiconductor industry. The utilisation of DIO3 for removal of photoresist from silicon wafers is faster, cheaper, and more environmental-friendly compared to classical technology based on mixture of sulphuric acid with hydrogen peroxide, so-called SPM. The diploma thesis deals firstly with research into ozone and ozonated water and their possible applications. Next sections describe two prototypes of generators for DIO3, that were assembled in CSVG a.s. Testing of parameters for generators on dissolved-ozone concentration is also a part of this thesis. Moreover, thesis involves tests, that were carrier out in ON Semiconductor in Rožnov pod Radhoštěm. These tests compare efficiency of cleaning by classical technology based on SPM and DIO3 approach.
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Polášek, Daniel. „Anaerobní membránový bioreaktor (AnMBR) pro čištění odpadních vod potravinářského průmyslu“. Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-390271.
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The most significant environmental problems related to the food industry is water consumption and pollution, energy consumption and waste production. Most of the water that does not become a part of the products ultimately leaves plants in the form of wastewater, which is often very specific and requires adequate handling / treatment / disposal. For the purpose of this thesis, brewery industry was chosen, because of its very long tradition in the Czech history and culture. Anaerobic technologies are applied for still wider range of industrial wastewater treating. In general anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) can very effectively treat wastewater of different concentration and composition and produce treated water (outlet, permeate) of excellent quality, that can be further utilised. At the same time, it can promote energy self-sufficiency through biogas production usable in WWTPs / plants. Main disadvantages include unavoidable membrane fouling and generally higher CAPEX / OPEX. Within the framework of Ph.D. studies and related research activities, immersed membrane modules for anaerobic applications were selected and lab-scale tested (designed and assembled laboratory unit), an AnMBR pilot plant was designed, built and subsequently tested under real conditions - at Černá Hora Brewery WWTP (waste waters from the brewery and associated facilities). The pilot AnMBR and the technology itself has been verified over more than a year (5/2015 – 11/2016) of trial operation - the initial and recommended operational parameters have been set up, minor construction adjustments / modifications and measurement & regulation optimizations have been made, the recommended membrane cleaning and regeneration procedure has been verified. Last, but not least, conclusions and recommendations of the trial operation were summarised - some key findings and recommendations for further operation, use and modifications of the existing AnMBR pilot plant are presented.
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Khamisse, Elissa. „Etude du microbiote susceptible de persister sur les surfaces d'un atelier de la filière viande bovine“. Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00770326.
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Ce travail de thèse concerne l'étude de l'écologie microbienne d'un atelier de découpe de viande bovine, dans le but de mieux comprendre la persistance bactérienne, c'est-à-dire, la présence répétée d'un même clone bactérien pendant une longue période malgré l'application bien conduite et régulière du nettoyage et de la désinfection (N-D). Des prélèvements par " chiffonnages " multiples de surfaces d'équipements ont été réalisés lors de trois campagnes de prélèvement espacées les unes des autres d'au moins six mois. Les prélèvements ont été réalisés sur un tapis convoyeur en polychlorure de vinyle (PVC) et sur des machines éplucheuses en acier inoxydable avant et après N-D. Nous avons quantifié les cellules totales (les cellules vivantes et les cellules mortes) par PCR quantitative en temps réel (qPCR), les cellules viables par EMA-qPCR, et les UFC (provenant de cellules cultivables) par dénombrement après incubation à 25°C sur gélose tryptone soja. Les résultats montrent qu'avant N-D, les cellules totales (en moyenne 5,6 - exprimé en log10 cellules/cm2 - sur PVC et 4,7 sur acier inoxydable) sont plus nombreuses que les cellules viables (4,5 sur PVC et 4,4 sur acier inoxydable) lesquelles sont plus nombreuses que les UFC (3,8 sur PVC et 2,9 sur acier inoxydable). Le N-D entraîne moins d'une réduction décimale (RD) des populations à l'exception des UFC sur acier inoxydable qui subissent 1,5 RD en moyenne. Ce dernier chiffre s'explique par des forces d'adhésion faibles. L'étude de la diversité des bactéries cultivables montre que sur un total de 51 genres identifiés, 13 seulement sont retrouvés lors des trois campagnes de prélèvements. Les isolats de ces 13 genres représentent 75, 72 et 62% des isolats des campagnes1, 2 et 3 respectivement. Parmi ces isolats, les plus fréquents sont (par ordre décroissant du nombre d'isolats) : Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Microbacterium, Acinetobacter, Chryseobacterium, Psychrobacter et Kocuria. Le génotypage d'isolats de 3 genres majoritaires (Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas et Acinetobacter) montre qu'une seule souche, Staphylococcus equorum, est sans aucun doute persistante. L'ensemble de ces observations montrent que l'écosystème varie d'une campagne à une autre. Ces modifications de la diversité bactérienne reflèteraient les modifications de flores des viandes traitées dans l'atelier, qui ont des origines multiples. En outre, il apparaît que, contrairement à ce qui est généralement admis, les bactéries à coloration de Gram négative cultivables sont plus facilement inactivées par le N-D que les bactéries à coloration de Gram positive. L'étude de l'écosystème par PCR-DGGE a permis d'identifier sept genres bactériens et montre que les espèces dominantes sont toutes sous forme vivante, autrement dit, aucune des espèces dominantes n'a été détectée uniquement sous forme de cellules mortes. Sur les sept genres identifiés six sont des Gram - dont majoritairement les genres Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas et Psychrobacter. Cette dominance montre que le N-D permet une forte perte de cultivabilité des bactéries Gram - mais qu'une grande partie n'est pas détachée. La dominance des bactéries Gram - observée par PCR-DGGE masque les staphylocoques qui ne sont pas détectés alors qu'ils sont majoritaires parmi la flore cultivable. Seul un genre bactérien, Propionibacterium, est identifié par PCR-DGGE uniquement mais il n'est trouvé qu'à une seule campagne et uniquement sur l'acier inoxydable avant N-D. En conclusion, l'avancée majeure de ce travail est la mise en évidence qu'une proportion importante de bactéries survit après les opérations très poussées de N-D mais pour une période transitoire.
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Aguiar, Luis Leonardo Marques. „The 'dirt' on the contract building cleaning industry in Toronto cleanliness and work reorganization /“. 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNQ67931.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--York University, 1999.Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 228-260). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNQ67931.
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Yang, Jimmy, und 楊志明. „The Study of customer satisfaction for cleaning service industry“. Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92971504624607373316.
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碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
工業工程與管理系
99
The ministry of economic affairs commercial department registers the clean company approximately 7400, the entire Taiwan approximately has 150,000 working populations, the annual production approximately 500 to 80,000,000,000. Thus it could be known the cleaning industry is reforming. Therefore this research to Revise Parasuraman, Zeithmal andBerry propose that it “the service quality pattern” with the SERVQUAL meter that was suitable for the clean service industry By A Corporation. The Research Object want to provide the service quality discussion to A Corporation, expected that its findings in improve and in the promotion service quality to A Corporation.The Result As Below: 1. focus on service gap, Its time to training about service attitude and customer feeling for overall operator.. 2. Understanding gap has the factor, then draws up the improvement way 3. The different level's customer will have the different clean service demand. The company should understand during each profession the difference, designs the clean demand plan in view of the different customer, achieves “the move service” truely. 4. In the important - performance degree analysis provides this company to serve of reference direction in the future the promotion, the company may depend on the short, middle and long term strategy, gradual promotion service quality. 5. The different department on the same interview topic, between various managers in the idea will have the difference, the primary factor from will be different with the service state and the object and is influential.
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Keng-KuoChang und 張耿國. „Application of Balanced Scorecard in the Cleaning Products Industry“. Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6scym5.
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碩士國立成功大學
高階管理碩士在職專班(EMBA)
104
Cleaning supplies industry, which is the industry that produces products to make the subject or environment clean. However, because of the rise in public consensus of environmental protection and the sense of consuming, manufactures have to produce the state- of-the-art products in line with the regulations, and become the kind of manufactures that is able to self-sales, OEM or a satisfactory outsourced of customers. In fact, it is not easy to produce the economic scale of innovative products under the strict regulations. The cleaning supplies industries have to lower the cost to enhance the production efficiency and strengthen the vertical integration of supply and demand for survival. Under this background, this study will take a cleaning supplies company as an example. Through a case study of company's related information and in-depth understanding, a company’s balanced scorecard has been set up. Also, the evaluation objects in the balanced scorecard include employees, equipment, costs, customers and assets so as to execute the company’s strategies. The results of this study can be a reference to the execution of balanced scorecard, in order to deal with the impacts caused by the fast changes in the market demand.
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Heckroodt, P. R. „Bases for segmenting clients in the contract cleaning service industry“. Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/3793.
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A survey was undertaken for a contract cleaning company in Durban. In order to preserve the confidentiality of the information contained in this dissertation, a fictitious name, Kleen Co, has been used. The aim of the survey was to find further similarities within the existing segments. At present, the traditional geographic and industry-type bases of segmentation (namely healthcare, hospitality, offices and shopping centres in various regions) are used. Recent literature suggests that similarities can be sought in three areas: 1. expectations of service; 2. perceptions of service; 3. unique benefits of the service. In the survey, clients were asked to rate their expectations and perceptions for six attributes (price of the cleaning service, customer service, quality of cleaning, innovativeness of cleaning methods, assessment of cleaning requirements, and consistency of the cleaning service) . They were also asked to rate the relevance of four reasons for outsourcing (cheaper to outsource, need for specialised cleaning, company policy to outsource, and labour problems). The results indicate that price and innovation can be used as further bases for segmentation for the following segments: • offices and healthcare have the same high expectation for price; healthcare and hospitality have the same high expectation for innovation; • shopping centres and hospitality have the same low expectation for price; • offices and shopping centres have the same low expectation for innovativeness; • healthcare and hospitality have the same high perceptions for price and innovation; • offices and shopping centres have the same low perceptions for price and innovation. For outsourcing are concerned, the following reasons were found: • offices: all reasons are relevant except for price of service. • healthcare: need for specialised cleaning and labour problems are relevant; price of service and company policy are irrelevant; • shopping centres: price of service and company policy are relevant; need for specialised cleaning and labour problems are irrelevant. • hospitals: all reasons are relevant except company policy to outsource. Although the main aim of the survey was to identify new segments, client satisfaction was also measured. Clients were asked whether they had raised a complaint with the company and, if so, how satisfied they were with the outcome. This was done in order to test the loyalty of clients, the hypothesis being that the longer the client had been with Kleen Co, the more satisfied they would be with the outcome of their complaints - and more loyal. However, the data reflect that clients who have been with the company for more than four years are no more satisfied in this regard than clients who have been with the company for shorter periods of time.Thesis (MBA)-University of Natal, Durban, 2001.
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Govender, Morgan. „Evaluation of commercial purge compounds on a laboratory film blower“. Diss., 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27808.
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Purging compounds allow for rapid colour and material changes in plastics converting machines. They have both a cleaning and a purging action. The cleaning action refers to the removal of contaminants, e.g. carbon deposits, from the die, barrel and extruder-screw surfaces. This mechanism relies on conventional detergency in combination with high wall shear stresses. The purging action refers to the observed narrowing in the residence time distribution and is less well understood. The action of a purge compound may encompass both the cleaning and purging mechanisms in order to achieve the desired effect. In industry the effectiveness of a purge is determined by a visual observation of the extrudate. Therefore, a scientific method was required to quantitatively determine the efficiency of each purging mechanism under a set of fixed experimental conditions. In this study, a method was developed using a laboratory film-blower, which made use of a phthalocyanine blue pigment to impart colour to the film produced. The method was used to test the efficiency of various commercial purge compounds in switching the colour of film from blue to clear. The analysis was achieved by measuring the residual pigment concentration in the blue polymer film using a UV -Visible spectrophotometer. Commercial purge compounds function by means of various mechanisms such as filler abrasion, solvent dissolution, the dislodging of deposits with the aid of surfactants, etc. This study also considered the use of slip additives as an additional purging mechanism. In proposing that slip additives can contribute to a purging action, several slip additives where tested in polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). The slip additives polypropylene wax and polyamide showed a significant increase in the MFI of PE whereas the additives polar wax and polyamide exhibited a slight increase in MFI of PP. Three additives, namely, polyamide, polypropylene wax and polar wax had showed noticeable improvement on the MFI of ABS. The slip additives that showed a significant improvement in polyethylene were tested together with six different commercial purge compounds. These compounds were tested for their colour change efficiency using polyethylene and switching from blue to clear in a laboratory film blower. It was found that the slip mechanism contributes very little to the purging action. Polymeric materials tend to adhere to hot metal surfaces. When the material continues to adhere to the metal after cooling down, cleaning of the processing equipment becomes very difficult. A purge manufactured by the CSIR, Pretoria, exhibited this problem. This study also covers an investigation into overcoming the adhesion problem of this purging compound.Dissertation (MSc (Chemistry))--University of Pretoria, 2006.
Chemistry
unrestricted
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CHING-FEN, YANG, und 楊靜芬. „The Study of Activity Based Costing in Cleaning Services Industry Practices“. Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/a3vzcq.
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碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
工業工程與管理系
106
Taiwan Government has adjusted the minimum wage year by year since 2011 in hope to improve the work environment by increasing the basic wage and designing an ideal holiday system. However, these policies also indirectly enhanced the companies’ labor costs. The annual raises of the minimum wage had massive impacts on the labor-intensive cleaning industry. In the middle of 1980s, Cooper and Kaplan proposed Activity Based Costing, ABC, in the practice of research to obtain a company’s operating costs by more accurate calculating methods, correct errors made by traditional accounting, and help managers to gain an understanding about actual reasons behind the given product costs, so that the company could reach the goal of cost management. The thesis discusses the costs of the cleaning industry on the basis of the ABC system by the analysis of the industry’s operation, resource utilization and cost drivers in case study so as to assist the industry to adopt the ABC system. The previous research found that adoption of the ABC system helped a company to grasp its costs as the future pricing basis, and further increased the company's competitiveness. To sum up, the thesis has five purposes as below, (1) calculating payroll costs for different types of cleansing services by the ABC system; and (2) investigating differences between new and old costing systems; (3) understanding whether payroll cost differences exist among a cleaning company’s branches in different areas; (4) setting a suitable ABC system for the company in case study; reaching cost and non-financial information which was used to find out and improve problems as a reference for management and policy making in the future.
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Wang, Xin (Annie). „Evaluation of cleaning procedures for allergen control in a food industry environment“. 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/743.
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Tegel Foods Limited produces an extensive range of poultry products which may contain various potential allergens. These include wheat, soy, milk, and egg, sometimes in combination. This research has two purposes. One was to examine three cleaning stages of processing equipments – Rinse only, Foam and rinse and Sanitise and rinse to validate the efficacy of cleaning required between production runs where the first but not the second product contains the allergen. The allergen chosen to model the cleaning efficacy was gliadin, a protein in wheat. The second aim was to quantify allergenic risk to consumers from inadequately cleaned conveyer surfaces. The commercial motives driving this research were as follows. Cleaning represents a loss in productivity and an increase in consumables costs, and if it can be minimised, this would be advantageous. The requirement to declare the possibility of cross-contamination on retail packaging can potentially adversely affect consumer response, and if these declarations can be avoided then this too would be a commercial advantage. Three approaches were adopted or developed, an ATP bioluminescence test, an ELISA test kit for gliadin, and a Coomassie Blue test to quantify protein given that most allergens are proteins. Fifteen trials were done in the High Care Zone and the Old Further Processing line of the Tegel Henderson Plant production area over a period of nine months. In a typical trial, gliadin values normalised to Uncleaned values fell from 1000 (Uncleaned) arbitrary units, to 60 (Rinse only), to 0.3 (Foam and rinse), to zero (Sanitise and rinse). Parallel ATP tests similarly showed a progressive decrease in values. Compared with Uncleaned, the relative gliadin value was less than the relative ATP value after Foam and rinse in 14 of 14 trials. After Sanitise and rinse the same result was obtained. In the equivalent trials with ATP and Coomassie Blue, after cleaning of Foam and rinse and Sanitise and rinse, the relative ATP values exceeded the relative Coomassie Blue values in four of the five trials. Therefore the considerably cheaper and simpler ATP test is not only an indicator of hygiene but also a good guide to gliadin concentration (gliadin test), and to allergen contamination in general on the basis that allergens are mostly proteins (Coomassie Blue). Modelling of second-product contamination has been done, and was based on knowledge of the absolute gliadin concentration on a typical Uncleaned conveyer surface, as established in the first part of this project. The concept of the worst-case scenario examined the highest possible risk that a sensitive consumer would be exposed to an allergenic dose of gliadin. A pickup efficiency fraction of 0.3 was assumed as an upper limit of contamination from conveyer to the surface of a previously uncontaminated chicken piece. The model showed that the highest concentration of gliadin on the second product would be 6.3 ppm which is below the legislated limit of low-gluten. Information of direct commercial interest to Tegel has been extracted from all these results, and suggestions for future research have been made.
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Fang, Ming-Shian, und 方鳴顯. „An Application of ABC Method—A Case Study for Precision Cleaning Industry“. Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47882139743365745771.
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碩士國立交通大學
管理學院工業工程與管理學程
100
Activity based costing (ABC), a methodology in managerial accounting, was developed for allocating manufacturing overhead (MOH) in order to evaluate manufacturing costs of products/services more accurately. Most prior studies focused on the application of ABC to various industries, and few of them investigate how to improve or enhance the ABC methodology. Aside from the traditional track, this thesis presents an enhanced version of ABC (enhanced ABC), which intends to allocate MOH more accurately than prior ABC methodology. The enhanced ABC methodology includes two new ideas. First, MOH transaction rather than MOH account is allocated to activities. In practice, an MOH account may include various types of MOH transactions, which are aggregated into one account but in fact have different cost drivers. Therefore, allocating each transaction in a heterogeneous MOH account will yield more accurate allocation results. Second, the MOH allocated to an activity is further classified into four types, where each type uses a particular cost driver. The enhanced ABC methodology is applied in a precision cleaning company. Application results of using a simple allocation method, using the traditional ABC method, and using the enhanced ABC method are compared. Results revealed that the enhanced ABC method significantly outperforms the other two methods.
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Wei, Yu-ping, und 魏玉屏. „How to Design A Innovative Business Model for Home Cleaning Service Industry“. Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50712845030006170547.
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碩士朝陽科技大學
企業管理系碩士班
100
Due to widely divided opinions, there’s no exact definition and criteria for judgment regarding the business model, which is often reduced to a business strategy or marketing strategy, or a description of the revenue model, even the assessment results during the recovery. For corporate managers or entrepreneurs, however, the business model should be a blueprint of realizing the dream and achieve the business goal. This study adopt “9 Building Blocks”-- Value Proposition, Customer Segmentation, Channels, Customer Relationships, Key Partnerships, Key Activities, Key Resources, Cost Structure and Revenue Stream--to develop innovative business models and explore the following topics based on these nine elements, how to prioritize the key elements when building an innovative business model, and analyzing the case studies to explore implement ability of the innovative model. The cleaning industry, undergoing the ECFA impact, will be examined to discuss the nine elements and their relation. It is hoped that the innovative business model can help to target the right customers and clarify their needs. Also, the “Quality Function Deployment (QFD)” will be put the most emphasis in order to set up the new standards. The staff will be trained to held new attitude toward their work, and at the same time, the cleaning services diagnostic criteria and the 4M standard operating procedures will be set up, to establish a "innovative business model for home cleaning”, turning the cleaning industry from labor-intensity to technology-intensity. This is hoped to transform the "clean industry" into the “home health industry”.
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HUA, TSENG HAI, und 曾海華. „PURCHASING DECISIVE FACTOR ANALYSIS OF THE CLEANING EQUIPMENT IN TAIWAN TFT LCD INDUSTRY“. Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79051203855621300426.
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碩士國立臺北大學
企業管理學系碩士在職專班
91
TFT LCD industry is the next promising star to Taiwan which can be comparable to Taiwan semiconductor industry. Moreover, in TFT LCD industry, the cleaning equipment plays a very important role in the whole production process. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the purchasing decisive factors of the cleaning equipment in TFT LCD industry. Since the monitors in optic electric industry have been applied in daily life gradually, the TFT LCD panel demand is increasing, especially in sight of future LCD TV application. If the traditional CRT TV can be replaced substantially and smoothly by LCD TV, then there will be a huge potential market in TFT LCD industry. However, to be more competitive, the purchasing edge of the equipments is a key. Furthermore, the cleaning process is concerned significantly with yield rate, so that is important to purchase the cleaning equipment. Taiwan TFT LCD manufacturers are primarily this research objects. This study is to design purchasing variables by studying in depth and integrating the related documents of the relation between purchasing and auditing crews, the consideration of purchasing the cleaning equipment, the selection of suppliers and so on. Besides, the paper is to study the possibility and consideration factors to apply the domestic cleaning equipment. Finally, the research is to analyze the differentiation about factors between groups and reasons by using statistical method. The purpose of this research is to help the purchasing decision making of the cleaning equipment for TFT LCD manufacturers, and also to provide the reference and suggestion for Taiwan equipment vendors who want to enter the cleaning equipment industry.
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Lai, Ju-Fen, und 賴如芬. „The Valuation and Its Value Driver of Hi-Tech Cleaning Industry-Two Cases Comparison“. Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53253074818417661808.
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碩士國立中正大學
企業管理研究所
100
The enhancement of enterprise value is to promote the competitive characteristics of companies. The enterprise value is to be determined by the future expected cash flows rather than in the past. Therefore, to assess the company value is required to predict future cash flows and discounts it at an appropriate rate. The seven value drivers comprising creation of corporate value, quality of management and sales growth rate, earnings before interest and tax growth, Tax rate, working capital, capital expenditures, the weighted average cost of capital, competitive advantage period is closely related. This study selected two companies which are providing the service of precision clean and professional reborn treatment of manufacturing equipment parts for the electronics industry. The main information sources were from the company's annual report and the Taiwan Economic Journal database. Discounted cash flow method was the methodology to conduct corporate evaluation. Conclusions are as follows: 1. The major value drivers of Shin Her Technology Inc. are sales growth rate, the cost of working capital, capital expenditure ratio, weighted average cost of capital. 2. The major value drivers of Ares Green Technology Co. includes operating net income growth rate, the cost of working capital, capital expenditure ratio, weighted average cost of capital. 3. The corporate value of Shin Her Technology Inc. according to the assessment of discounted free cash flow method is 53.82 NTD per share. 4. The corporate value of Ares Green Technology Co. according to the assessment of discounted free cash flow method is 18.36 NTD per share. Keywords: Business Valuation、Quality of Management、Value Driver、Enterprice Value、Discounted Cash Flow method
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Chen, Yu-Chung, und 陳裕中. „Institutional Cleaning and Disinfection Industry Of Strategies Research-By Using ECOLAB Company as the Sample“. Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7ayub9.
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碩士國立勤益科技大學
企業管理系
103
The term - public facilities in Great China - is widely used in the industrial for cleaning and disinfection. You can also call it a commercial cleaning and disinfection industry. With the global economic development under this industry are more flourishing, especially when the economy are rising. Rising market demand would be a lured which attracts many new entrants into the market of competitors. In particular, the general consumer market industry depends on input. On the other hand, the production of consumer goods market seeks professional markets fuzzy blocks between the market and the consumer which would intervene in order to snatch profit and expand their industry. In this paper, a case study was completed to examine the company Ecolab business since 1923. The United States began to develop businesses how to challenge and be developed from the pioneering stage facing and how to expand the global footprint to enhance market share. Further expansion of the existing industrial landscape, and contentedness to develop a number of industries, strategic thinking and decision-making would be the core process of its processes. The main purpose is to contain how to respond to product development and competitive relationship；How to use strategy and thinking, to lead the industry development；Develop a corporate culture；Enterprise value proposition and core capabilities, and reached with the construction of four major business vision.Competition policy analysis form factors include internal and external environment - Construction powerful organization and multinational company. Core Competence is a powerful factor shown. This study investigated the policy development process, is in line with global trends, application of competition policy analysis, maintain dynamic core capability. Finally, limitations of this study and the dynamic development of future research are described in the text - Corporate strategy as a research core capability reference direction.
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Lee, Yao Jean, und 李嶽駿. „The future development of Taiwan Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Industry - Semiconductor Cleaning Application as an Example“. Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92791596025082903991.
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碩士長庚大學
管理學院碩士學位學程在職專班經營管理組
98
In the 21th century, technology and energy usage have led to many environmental concerns. Therefore green technologies are emerging. The main focus of this paper is to elaborate on supercritical carbon dioxide technology (SCCO2) introducing its advantages regarding efficiency, lower energy consumption and safety over the traditional methods of the semiconductor industry. SCCO2 has been recognized as environmentally friendly in recent studies. Through this paper, one will be able to learn the advantages that this green cleaning technology brings to the 1.Semiconductor industry through the characteristics, 2.Applications of SCCO2, 3.Market potential and the competitive advantages of Taiwan’s SCCO2 industry. An objective of this paper is emphasizing the business potential of the supercritical carbon dioxide cleaning method by analyzing both theories and practice, SWOT、Porter’s diamond model and interviewing SCCO2 experts. This study will provide possible directions for future industrial development, strategies and suggestions to reduce solvent and greenhouse gas emission through adapting this green technology in the semiconductor process.
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Chan, Lap-hong, und 陳立航. „The Study of Core Technical Competence and Diversification Growth Strategy：Surface Treatment Parts Recycling Cleaning Industry“. Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72129040695252743975.
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碩士國立成功大學
工學院工程管理專班
95
The study is based on Resource-based theory and the object of the study is mainly focused on surface treatment parts recycling cleaning industry in Taiwan. In this study of core technical competence, there are seven variables, which are marketing competence, technology competence, property competence, personal competence, integrity competence functional competence and organizational competence consisting in the core competence. Second, the diversification growth strategy are consisted of two variables：Internal growth and external growth. Thirth, the performance are consisted of three variables：Sales growth rate, profit rate, market share rate. Fourth, environment consists of two variables：Internal environment and external environment. The purpose of study is knowledge the definition and consideration of the core technical competence, growth strategy, environment and performance among the Surface Treatment Parts Recycling Cleaning Industry in Taiwan.We used the discriminant analysis to analyze the relationship between core technical competence and growth strategy, use ANOVA analysis to analyze the relationship between core technical competence, growth strategy, environment and performance, and use Pearson correlation analysis to analyze the relationship between core technical competence and performance. This study wants to extend the research and application value of Resource-based theory and core technical competence, and provides reference to scholars and enterprise. According to the result, the organizational competence has the most impact on the diversification growth strategy, and the following is marketing competence, property competence, personal competence, integrity competence technology competence, functional competence. There are no significant differences of their performance if the manufacturers adopt the different growth strategy. Marketing competence has the positive correlation with sales growth. Marketing competence and organizational competence have the position correlation with profit rate. Marketing competence, integrity competence, personal competence and organizational competence have the positive correlation to the market share rate. In conclusion, enterprises have to proceed in the cultivation and arrangement of the core technology competence, which they owned already. And this will take the highest performance.
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HSIEH, CHIA-CHING, und 謝佳靜. „Analysis and Design of System Architecture of Experiential Customer Service System-Cleaning Industry as an Example“. Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70333691545757151590.
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碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
工業工程與管理系
105
In recent years, "Services Science" has gradually become the trend of corporate transformation and is actively promoted in the world. Many enterprises have enhanced the core values and competitive, and import the concept of service to develop a global trend of service innovation model. The main purpose of this study is to propose experiential customer service system architecture. Through IDEO company’s double diamond design process model and AHP, QFD and other methods this study identify important key factors and its factors into the design of the system architecture. This study is based on the company's clean service industry and provides new service system architecture for the company. The new service system process architecture is presented by Service Blueprinting. The results of this study are based on eight new key elements of the system process, namely, "Respondent", "Return on Status", "Communication before Working", " Requirements for temporary matters", "Customer complaint while servicing", "Customer complaint after-service, "Case Completed reciprocation ", "Logistics Support". And run out from it to enhance three subsystems, which are "Customer Service Center", "Customer Order Operations Tracking System" and "Human Resources System Database" respectively. The results of this study shows thst the service system architecture can be applied to all enterprises in various fields.
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Hlangoti, Nobuhle Dambile. „Analysing the impact of collective bargaining in an industry where workers have low bargaining power: case study of the KZN contract cleaning industry“. Thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/26269.
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Research report submitted to the University of the Witwatersrand in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree in of Master of Art in : industrial and economic sociology in the department of sociologyThe aim of this research report is to investigate the impact of collective bargaining in an industry where workers have low bargaining power. It seeks to understand what collective bargaining has been able to achieve for workers in the KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) contract cleaning industry. Contract cleaning is one of the most precarious and poorly organised sectors in South Africa. Scholars contend that contract cleaning has re-introduced one of the many aspects that characterised the apartheid workplace. In investigating how collective bargaining has impacted contract cleaners and their view of the labour relationship, the history of the industrial relations system and the mechanisms that regulate the contract cleaning sector (sectoral determination and collective bargaining) are considered. Debates surrounding the usefulness of collective bargaining in the current industrial relations system and the operation of this mechanism in a triangular employment relationship are discussed. Though references are made to the sectoral determination for contract cleaning, the focus of the research report is on collective bargaining. The data for this research was collected using both primary and secondary sources. In relation to the former, interviews were conducted with officials of the bargaining council and trade unions. Interviews were also conducted with workers in the KZN contract cleaning industry. In relation to the latter, documentary data that was relevant to the research topic, such as the KZN contract cleaning main agreement, the Decent Work Programme and legislation, was examined. The findings of this study demonstrate that workers in the KZN contract cleaning industry lack voice and cannot have meaningful inputs in the workplace. A representation gap exists that is exacerbated by the division between unions. The implications of this situation are that wages are lower than those prescribed by the sectoral determination, the non-compliance of firms becomes a prevalent issue and strike action becomes inefficient. With the continuous labour unrest in the current industrial relations system in South Africa it is apparent that the current labour legislation has not able to protect precarious workers found in new forms of employment
GR2019
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LEE, CHING-WEN, und 李靜雯. „Business Management, Service Quality and Lean Management of Cleaning Service Industry-The Case Study of Company A“. Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4k5bkx.
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碩士正修科技大學
經營管理研究所
106
Due to the increase need of the society, the demand for the cleaning service industry is booming tremendously these past few years. However, it faces problems such as high costs, low profits, low wages, heavy labor, high risks, and high turnover rates. This affects the sound development and substantial competition of the industry. The price competition is fierce and the industrial hierarchy is not high, which causes bottlenecks and difficulties. At this moment, the industry profile of the cleaning service industry needs to be re-discussed to find the nature of the problem, and various policy plans and solutions are formulated to stimulate the potential strength and competitiveness of the industry. This study conducted a thorough understanding of the cleansing services industry based on the differences in practice and customer groups. It learned about the industry’s actual requirement and the service quality demands of the customers. Based on the “PZB model” proposed by Parasuraman, et al., we believe that reason why the service quality provided by the service provider cannot meet the customer's demand is due to a gap in the generation, delivery, and results of the service. Only by eliminating the gap can the consumer's needs be met. Therefore, this study used Company A in Kaohsiung as the research subject. Through the discussion on the quality of service provided by Company A, this study hoped that its results will be helpful to Company A in its industrial management and service quality improvement. After the research and interviews, we came down the following conclusions: 1. In the gap of service quality, it is found that the gap between customer and employee satisfaction is mainly caused by “empathy”. This study suggested Company A to provide trainings or classes on how to improve employees’ service attitude, customer experience, and other related education and training courses. 2. Different levels of customers will have different needs for cleaning services. Company A should be aware of the differences in the needs of each target and design a cleaning service plan for different customers to achieve true “thoughtful and caring service”. 3. It can clearly provide a reference direction for company A's future service improvement. Company A can gradually improve the service quality according to the short, medium and long-term strategies. It is planned to import the core of lean management - quality assurance, to avoid the waste of manpower and material costs. To enhance the three areas of service efficiency, necessary improvement measures will be taken, and recommendations will be made on the analysis and research results to strengthen the business management of the cleaning service industry and improve service quality.
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Chung, Yung-Fu, und 鍾永富. „The Study on the Application of Data-mining for Marketing Strategy Decision- based on Household Cleaning Industry“. Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/g845w8.
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碩士國立臺北大學
企業管理學系
101
The main focus of this research is to discuss how industries can utilize basic information and transactional data of customers by applying data mining technique to further isolate those of who with hidden or inconspicuous data connections in order to achieve efficient customer relationship management.This study uses online transactions information for the past three years of the cast study company as samples for analysis. Recency (R), Frequency (F), Monetary (M) and Length (L) are the four variables chosen to be analyzed in the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and expert modeling to determine the weight and further evaluate Customer Lifetime Value (CLV) through those weighed variables.Using the above four variables as indexes for separating customers and by using data mining technique to analyze expectation- maximization algorithm, we can successfully segment customers into six groups- New Customers, Scratch the Surface Customers, Potential Customers, Cautious Customers, Adhesive Customers and Loyal Customers.Next, by applying Association Rules Apriori and Sequence Cluster Analysis we can determine purchase connections and sequences of each group. Finally through filters and domain know- how, we are able to customize cross and vertical sales marketing strategies which in turn provides valuable suggestions to the upper management marketing decisions.
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Chen, Chih-Jung, und 陳志榮. „Performance Study on the Cleaning of Air Streams Laden with VOC-NMP Compounds Used in Electronic Materials Industry“. Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45138575330669929717.
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碩士國立高雄第一科技大學
環境與安全衛生工程所
97
The removal of N-methyl pyrrolidinone (NMP) from the emission of a process manufacturing electronic materials using a biofilter packed with fern chips was studied. The objective is to investigate the NMP removal efficiency, volumetric capacity of the biofilter, and conversion of NMP into carbon dioxide. The results will be referenced for design and operation of full-scale treatment plants in the future. Two pilot-scale biofilters with dimensions of 0.40 mL by 0.40 mW by 0.70 mH packed with 0.128 m3 of fern chips was used for evaluating the performance. The influent gas to the pilot plant was drawn directly from the vented gas stream emitted from the manufacturing process; the gas stream contains mainly N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidinone (NMP). Primary laboratory results reveal that 12 L/d (or 96 L/Nm3.d) of 3 g/L dissolved milk powder (equivalent to loadings of 4 g/d or 32 g/Nm3.d) can be used as a sole nutrient for supporting the microbial growth on the fern-chip media. When the organic loading rate (L) is between 12 mg/Nm3 (as NMP) and 85 mg/Nm3 (as NMP), the biofilter volumetric capacity (K) varies from 0.8 g NMP/Nm3.h to 4.7 g NMP/Nm3.h. Around 94% of VOCs in the influent gas is decomposed. The biofilter volumetric capacity (K) is proportional to the organic loading rate (L) or K= 0.92 L. Biofilters packed with fern chips or other equivalent media are effective in removing volatile organic substances from industrial emission.
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Huang, Wen-Cheng, und 黃文政. „The Decision-Making Behavior Analysis of Organizational Purchaser and its Corresponding Sales Strategy: in Example of Dryice Cleaning Industry“. Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/nhv5b5.
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碩士國立暨南國際大學
管理學院經營管理碩士學位學程碩士在職專班
103
This research try to find out the important factors of affecting organizational purchaising and to clarify the impact on purchasing decision making, in example of the Dry Ice Cleaning Industry, by the Transaction Cost Economics (Transaction Cost Economics, TCE) or known as Transaction Cost Theory as the theoretical basis. The results show that when the higher asset specificity of organization is, the procurement purchaser is easier to accept the offer from suppliers in order to reduce internal transaction costs. So the organizations (sellers) can adopt higher selling prices than their standard price as pricing strategy to complete the transaction in order to obtain higher profits. Furthermore, the uncertainty and complexity of procurement environmental factors, and the interpersonal relationship also influence the purchasing decision making.
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Chen-Yu, Kuo, und 郭宸宇. „The Key Success Factors and the Business Model of Home Cleaning Service Industry-A Case Study of M Corporation“. Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/p8g768.
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碩士國立高雄科技大學
創業管理碩士學位學程
107
The trend of more elderlies and fewer children in Taiwan is going up. Family members usually spend more time working and studying leads to unable to care about home cleaning. Polluted environment hurts health. Those are key factors to robust the home industry. According to the statistics, the demand for home cleaning services in Taiwan has reached NT$10 billion, and it continue going up. The study take M Corporation as sample, which possesses over 20 years experience of operating and the largest scale in Taiwan, and includes its competitor J Corporation The result focused on the Business Model and the Key Success Factors(KSF). Referencing three steps of interview method for KSF, which mentioned by Bullen and Rockart （1984）,and combined with the In-depth interview and the structured interview. The Questionnaire Design is based on the framework of nine-element business model proposed by Osterwalder and Pigneur (2010). The following is result of the study: The Value Proposition of M Corporation is focus on friendly environment and cleaning like your family . " Customer Segments " target audience of monthly income more than NT$100,000, and contacts customer from ”Channels” such as stores and customer service online. Keeping customer relationships by the service records. Paying "Cost" on training professional ways, and making" Revenue Streams " with Home cleaning service. Adding stores .Recruiting talents as the “key activity”, so it needs “key partners” like career fair and media, and combine the “key resources” customer service staff to make their business model work. The key success factors are: (1) professional staffs (2) precise target audience (3) good organization efficiency(4) continuous innovation.
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Lung, Yao-Tsung, und 龍耀宗. „A Study on Certificate Cognition and Entrepreneur Intention of Home Cleaning Industry Workers - Case of Mommyhappy House Service Company“. Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/uj835u.
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碩士國立中山大學
管理學院高階經營碩士學程在職專班
106
The study would explore the factors influencing the house cleaning service employees of Mommyhappy House Service Company in entrepreneurship of the cleaning service industry. Population ageing would increase the need of house cleaning service, and the cleaning service industry have more opportunities to expand its market. The house cleaning service employees of Mommyhappy House Service Company who have high motivation to increase their incomes would more likely to be an entrepreneur of the cleaning service industry. However, the labor market in Taiwan has suffered significant decline in the decade, and the home cleaning industry has had the issue of the labor shortage. The home cleaning industry in Taiwan has not had credible professional certification agency to evaluate the qualifications of house cleaning service employees. The quality of employees in the market is uneven, and some evaluations of house cleaning service have not had the positive feedback from service clients, and the cleaning service industry has significant challenges in the upgrading industries. This study suggests that the training of professional skill is the main requirement of the certification of cleaning service, and the resource-assisted platform is important to entrepreneurship of the cleaning service industry.
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„A study of the importance of various elements of the marketing-mix in the purchase of laundry detergent powder“. 1990. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5886342.
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by Monica Cheung Wai, Eppie Wong Yuen Yee.Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1990.
Bibliography: leaf 65.
ABSTRACT --- p.ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii
ACKNOWLEDEGMENTS --- p.v
Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1
Chapter II. --- STUDY OF THE PURCHASE OF DETERGENT POWDER
Chapter 2.1 --- Market Situation for Detergent Powderin Hong Kong --- p.3
Chapter 2.2 --- Rationale of the Study --- p.4
Chapter 2.3 --- Scope of the Study --- p.5
Chapter 2 .4 --- Objectives of the Study --- p.6
Chapter III. --- LITERATURE REVIEW
Chapter 3.1 --- Relevance of Understanding Consumer Purchase Behaviour in the Marketing Concept --- p.8
Chapter 3.2 --- Howard Model of Consumer Behaviour --- p.8
Chapter 3.3 --- "Engel, Kollat and Blackwell Model" --- p.9
Chapter 3.4 --- Definition of Detergent Powder Purchase --- p.10
Chapter 3.5 --- Research Findings : Hoyer --- p.11
Chapter 3.6 --- Choice Tactics in Detergent Powder Purchase --- p.13
Chapter 3.7 --- Product Information in Memory --- p.16
Chapter 3.8 --- Applicability of Hoyer's Research Findings --- p.17
Chapter 3.9 --- Relevance of Judgmental Models in Detergent Powder Purchase --- p.17
Chapter IV. --- METHODOLOGY AND FRAMEWORK FOR ATTACK
Chapter 4.1 --- The Pilot Study --- p.21
Chapter 4.2 --- The Observation Phase --- p.22
Chapter 4.3 --- The Questionnaire Survey --- p.23
Chapter V. --- SUMMARY OF RESEARCH FINDINGS
Chapter 5.1 --- Observation Survey --- p.27
Chapter 5.2 --- Salience of Various Evaluative Criteria --- p.28
Chapter 5.3 --- Propensity for Brand Switching --- p.29
Chapter 5.4 --- Consumers' Evaluation of the Product Attributes of their Current Brand --- p.32
Chapter 5 .5 --- Attitude --- p.34
Chapter 5.6 --- Difference in Purchase Behaviour among Consumers across Demographic Profiles --- p.35
Chapter 5.7 --- Demographic Profile of the Sample --- p.38
Chapter VI. --- DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS
Chapter 6.1 --- Decision Process Behaviour and Advertising Strategy --- p.43
Chapter 6.2 --- Brand Switching Behaviour and Promotional Strategy --- p.45
Chapter 6.3 --- Satisfaction with Current Brand and Relevance of Promotional Efforts --- p.46
Chapter 6.4 --- Salience of Evaluative Criteria -- Pricing and Product --- p.47
Chapter 6.5 --- Purchase Behaviour among Consumers across Demographic Profiles -- and its Marketing Implications --- p.48
Chapter 6.6 --- Limitations of the Study and Suggestions for Further Research --- p.49
APPENDICES
Chapter Appendix A: --- Observation Sheet --- p.51
Chapter Appendix B: --- Schedule of Questionnaire Survey --- p.52
Chapter Appendix C: --- The Questionnaire (English and Chinese versions) --- p.53
Chapter Appendix D: --- Research Data --- p.58
Chapter Appendix E: --- T-test Table- --- p.61
Chapter Appendix F: --- F-test Table --- p.63
BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.65
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Kricke, Sebastian. „Validierung eines Prozessmodells für die Strahlreinigung anhand zweier stärkebasierender Verschmutzungen“. 2016. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A37228.
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Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es eine Aussage zur Validität eines Prozessmodells zur Strahlreinigung anhand zweier Stärkeverschmutzungen zu treffen. Dazu wurden die Messdatenerfassung und -auswertung bezüglich optischer Wechselwirkungen zwischen Quellungs- und Abtragvorgängen der Stärke korrigiert. Zur Parametrierung eines verschmutzungsspezifischen Abtragmodells quellungsfähiger Verschmutzungsstoffe erfolgte eine ausführliche Parameterstudie in einer ebenen Kanalströmung für die generierten Modellverschmutzungen der Wachsmais- und Maisstärke. Die ermittelten Modellparameter wurden daraufhin auf verschmutzungs- und strömungsseitige Abhängigkeiten hin untersucht und folgend an die Vorgänge bei der Strahlreinigung angepasst. Eine weitere Parameterstudie mit variierten Betriebsgrößen der Strahlreinigung erlaubte letztlich einen Vergleich des analytischen Reinigungsmodells sowie der numerischen Reinigungssimulation mit den Experimentdaten.:Verzeichnis der verwendeten Formelzeichen
Verzeichnis der verwendeten Abkürzungen
1 Einleitung
2 Stand der Technik
2.1 Grundlagen der Reinigung
2.1.1 Verschmutzung und ihre Versagensarten
2.1.2 Einteilung und Verfahrensparameter der Reinigung
2.1.3 Physikalische Vorgänge bei der Strahlreinigung
2.1.4 Klassifizierung und Reinigungsverhalten von Verschmutzungen
2.2 Detektion des Reinigungsverlaufs
2.2.1 Physikalischer Effekt der Photolumineszenz
2.2.2 Praktische Anwendung der Photolumineszenz zur Reinigungsdetektion
2.3 Aktueller Stand des Prozessmodells
2.3.1 Grundaufbau des Prozessmodells
2.3.2 Modellierung der Fluidströmung
2.3.3 Modellierung und Parametrierung des Verschmutzungsabtrags
2.3.4 Validierung des Prozessmodells
3 Zielsetzung und Lösungsweg
4 Modellverschmutzungen
4.1 Physikalische und chemische Eigenschaften der Stärke
4.2 Auswahl der Stärkeart
4.3 Herstellung der Modellverschmutzungen
4.4 Auftrag der Modellverschmutzungen
5 Parametrierung des Abtragmodells
5.1 Kanalreinigungsversuchsstand
5.2 Optische Wechselwirkungen bei Quell- und Abtragsprozessen
5.2.1 Problematik
5.2.2 Ersatzexperimente
5.2.3 Korrektur der Wechselwirkungen
5.3 Parameterstudie
5.3.1 Versuchsplanung
5.3.2 Versuchsdurchführung
5.4 Modellparametrierung
5.4.1 Durchführung
5.4.2 Parameterauswertung
5.5 Modellvalidierung
5.6 Reinigungsversuche mit Vorquellung
6 Validierung des Prozessmodells zur Strahlreinigung
6.1 Strahlreinigungsversuchsstand
6.2 Übertragung der Ergebnisse
6.2.1 Optische Korrekturen
6.2.2 Strömungsverhältnisse
6.3 Parameterstudie
6.3.1 Versuchsplanung
6.3.2 Versuchsdurchführung
6.4 Modellvalidierung
6.4.1 Variation des Düsendurchmessers
6.4.2 Variation des Düsendrucks
6.4.3 Variation des Düsenabstands
6.4.4 Variation der Ausgangsverschmutzungsmenge
7 Einschätzung der Validität des Prozessmodells
8 Ansatzpunkte zur Modellverbesserung
9 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick
Eidesstattliche Erklärung
Thesen
Literaturverzeichnis
Abbildungsverzeichnis
Tabellenverzeichnis
AnlagenverzeichnisThe aim of this study was to make a statement on the validity of a process model for jet cleaning using two starch soils. For this purpose the measurement data acquisition and analysis were corrected with respect to optical interactions between swelling and cleaning processes of the starch soil. A detailed parameter study was carried out in a planar channel flow for the parametrization of a soiling specific removal model of swellable soil deposits for the viewed waxy maize starch and maize starch. The model parameters determined were then examined to soil and flow dependencies and following adapted to the processes involved in jet cleaning. Another parameter study with varying operating parameters of the jet cleaning allowed the comparison of the analytical cleaning model and numerical cleaning simulation with the experiment data.:Verzeichnis der verwendeten Formelzeichen Verzeichnis der verwendeten Abkürzungen 1 Einleitung 2 Stand der Technik 2.1 Grundlagen der Reinigung 2.1.1 Verschmutzung und ihre Versagensarten 2.1.2 Einteilung und Verfahrensparameter der Reinigung 2.1.3 Physikalische Vorgänge bei der Strahlreinigung 2.1.4 Klassifizierung und Reinigungsverhalten von Verschmutzungen 2.2 Detektion des Reinigungsverlaufs 2.2.1 Physikalischer Effekt der Photolumineszenz 2.2.2 Praktische Anwendung der Photolumineszenz zur Reinigungsdetektion 2.3 Aktueller Stand des Prozessmodells 2.3.1 Grundaufbau des Prozessmodells 2.3.2 Modellierung der Fluidströmung 2.3.3 Modellierung und Parametrierung des Verschmutzungsabtrags 2.3.4 Validierung des Prozessmodells 3 Zielsetzung und Lösungsweg 4 Modellverschmutzungen 4.1 Physikalische und chemische Eigenschaften der Stärke 4.2 Auswahl der Stärkeart 4.3 Herstellung der Modellverschmutzungen 4.4 Auftrag der Modellverschmutzungen 5 Parametrierung des Abtragmodells 5.1 Kanalreinigungsversuchsstand 5.2 Optische Wechselwirkungen bei Quell- und Abtragsprozessen 5.2.1 Problematik 5.2.2 Ersatzexperimente 5.2.3 Korrektur der Wechselwirkungen 5.3 Parameterstudie 5.3.1 Versuchsplanung 5.3.2 Versuchsdurchführung 5.4 Modellparametrierung 5.4.1 Durchführung 5.4.2 Parameterauswertung 5.5 Modellvalidierung 5.6 Reinigungsversuche mit Vorquellung 6 Validierung des Prozessmodells zur Strahlreinigung 6.1 Strahlreinigungsversuchsstand 6.2 Übertragung der Ergebnisse 6.2.1 Optische Korrekturen 6.2.2 Strömungsverhältnisse 6.3 Parameterstudie 6.3.1 Versuchsplanung 6.3.2 Versuchsdurchführung 6.4 Modellvalidierung 6.4.1 Variation des Düsendurchmessers 6.4.2 Variation des Düsendrucks 6.4.3 Variation des Düsenabstands 6.4.4 Variation der Ausgangsverschmutzungsmenge 7 Einschätzung der Validität des Prozessmodells 8 Ansatzpunkte zur Modellverbesserung 9 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick Eidesstattliche Erklärung Thesen Literaturverzeichnis Abbildungsverzeichnis Tabellenverzeichnis Anlagenverzeichnis
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LIN, CHEN-HSIUNG, und 林振雄. „Applying Gap Model of Service Quality to Investigate Perceived Differences in Family service cleaning industry Service Quality～A Case Study of cleanliness company“. Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33xh7a.
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碩士國立虎尾科技大學
企業管理系經營管理碩士在職專班
107
The cleaning industry is facing todays customer-oriented society, not a small impact on the entire cleaning services, cleaning staff of quality, customer needs, industry employers training mode, amassing toughness are challenging the industry, employees also on the market starting to focus on service quality, and poor quality of service will be spread between mutual customers, which led to damage the image of the company, this will affect the customer repurchase intention. This study is based on the quality of service proposed by the PZB service quality model, as the basis between the clean services and customer service indicators, using qualitative in-depth interviews, develop research Interview, accompanied by a preliminary visit to talk, after sorting by category, in accordance with the quality of service of the five facets to construct a research framework of this study, in-depth interviews on the gap between the service of expectation and the service of actual experience based on the five major facets, gain the gap. After the actual verification shows that influence the quality of part cleaning services, distinguish according to the five facets, there are 8 reasons for Tangibles, 2 for Reliability, 4 for Responsiveness, 1 for Assurance, and 1 for Empath the quality of service in order to distinguish five notches, there are 11 factors in the gap 1, 0 factors in the gap 2, 8 factors in the gap 3, 4 factors in the gap 4, and 10 factors in the gap 5. We found from the study, different identities, different positions, different ages, different genders, even the same problem, there will be differences in ideas between levels, the main reason is the type of cleaning service and the difference in service objects, and have an impact, the cleaning owner has a certain degree of understanding of the current status of service quality, and should also actively solve the problems encountered so far, positive actively, in order to win higher customer satisfaction and higher performance.
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Hsu, Pi-Mei, und 徐碧梅. „A Study on the Relationships among Technology Innovation, Corporate Image, Service Quality On Customer Satisfaction and Commitment - An Example of Hi-Tech Cleaning Industry“. Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87877511941851741443.
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碩士明新科技大學
管理研究所在職專班
101
Abstract This research was aimed at the Hi-Tech cleaning industry in order to discover the effects of technology innovation, corporate image, service quality on customer satisfaction and commitment. Questionnaire survey was used as a major methodology in the research. A total of 15 companies were surveyed with sending 200 copies of the questionnaires, collecting 167 valuable questionnaires with effective rate 83.50 %. The study used SPSS 17.0 statistical software for data analysis with factor analysis and reliability test to extraction the main factors of various research dimensions. Linear regression analysis and T test are employed to calibrate the research hypotheses for the problems. The major findings of this research includes: 1. Technology innovation has a significant positive influence on customer satisfaction.2. Corporate image has a positive influence on customer satisfaction.3. Service quality has a positive influence on customer satisfaction. 4. Customer satisfaction has a significant positive influence on customer commitment. 5. Technology innovation has a more powerful influence on customer satisfaction than corporate image and service quality do. Keywords: Hi-Tech cleaning industry, technology innovation, corporate image, service quality, customer satisfaction, customer commitment
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Fernandes, Nádia da Luz Costa. „Emprego e relações laborais das mulheres imigrantes no sector da limpeza: um estudo na área metropolitana de Lisboa“. Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/21565.
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O presente estudo tem como tema, "Emprego e relações laborais das mulheres imigrantes no
sector da limpeza um estudo na área metropolitana de Lisboa".
Existem diversos estudos relacionados ao fenómeno da imigração. Como exemplo disso
temos estudos retratando temas como: a imigração para Portugal, imigração e mercado de
trabalho, imigração e racismo. Mesmo assim este tema ainda reserva muitos estudos futuros,
sendo que derivado do fenómeno migratório estão sempre a surgir novos temas de grande
relevância e de interesse social e académico.
Relativamente ao tema mulheres imigrantes no sector da limpeza, os estudos existentes não
aprofundam este tema, fazem apenas a menção a alguns aspetos e deixando por conhecer vários
outros pontos sobre o tema que tem muita importância para a sociedade e que é necessário na
maioria das áreas de trabalho existentes. De um modo geral, pode se dizer que este é um sector
pouco valorizado pela sociedade, considerado de baixa qualificação, e que pouca importância
tem recebido por parte dos estudos que são realizados.
Assumindo que este é um serviço presente em todos os sectores de atividade, e levando em
conta as constantes mutações ao emprego, dando origem a formas atípicas de emprego que
colocam o trabalhador numa situação de fragilidade, e por outro lado, considerando o facto de
serem mulheres e ainda imigrantes, torna-se ainda mais curioso saber em que condições estas
desenvolvem o seu trabalho.
Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas a 20 mulheres imigrantes, que trabalham no
sector da limpeza na área metropolitana de Lisboa.This study has as its theme "Employment and labour relations of immigrant women in the cleaning sector - a Study in the Lisbon metropolitan area". There are diverse studies related to the immigration phenomenon. For example we have studies portraying themes such as: immigration to Portugal, immigration and labour market, immigration and racism. Even so, this subject still reserves many future studies, being that derived from the migratory phenomenon, new themes of great relevance and social and academic interest are always emerging. Regarding the issue of immigrant women in the cleaning sector, the existing studies do not deepen this theme, they only mention a few aspects and leave several other points unknown on this issue that is very important for society and that is necessary in most of the existing areas of work. In general, it can be said that this is a sector that is little valued by society, considered of low qualification, and that has received little importance from the studies that are carried out. Assuming that this is a service present in all sectors of activity, and taking into account the constant changes in employment, giving rise to atypical forms of employment, which place the worker in a situation of fragility, and on the other hand, considering the fact that they are women and still immigrants, it becomes even more curious to know under what conditions they develop their work. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 immigrant women, working in the cleaning sector in the Lisbon metropolitan area.
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Barbosa, Carlota Basto e. Sa Afonso. „Road to sustainability in the short-let industry: the guest ready case: how can the short-let industry become more sustainable? Specifically, what is the environmental (CO2) and financial impact of replacing small plastic amenities, cleaning products and conventional energy with greener alternatives?“ Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/111617.
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Small hospitality companies’ transition to sustainability has been little studied. This qualitative and quantitative analysis of a short-let start-up explores the question: How can the short-let industry become more sustainable? What is the environmental (CO2) and financial impact of replacing small plastic amenities, cleaning products and conventional energy with greener alternatives? It concludes that if it overcomes barriers typical of smaller companies’ focus on profitability and finds a business model that monetises the impact of embarking on the sustainability trend, cost reductions due to adopting environment-friendly products can lead to an enhanced financial performance and to clear environmental benefits.
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„Projektwerkstatt 'Industrielle Reinigungstechnologien': VVD-Anwenderforum am 07.06.2018 in Dresden“. Fraunhofer-Institut für Verfahrenstechnik und Verpackung IVV, 2018. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A32094.
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Stabile und effiziente industrielle Reinigungsprozesse gehören zu den Schlüsseltechnologien in der heutigen komplexen Fertigung. Die Entwicklung neuer Prozessführungsstrategien, der Einsatz modernster Systeme bei der Überwachung des Reinigungserfolgs und der Prozessqualität sowie die Anpassung an die Anforderungen von Industrie 4.0 sind daher wichtige Schwerpunkte für zukünftige Reinigungstechnologien. Als Forum zum Erfahrungsaustausch und zur Diskussion neuer Ideen und Projekte zu diesen Themen - von der Prozessoptimierung über Reinigungstests mit verschiedenen Verfahren bis zur Analyse von Qualitätsproblemen – veranstalteten das Fraunhofer IVV Dresden und die Wirtschaftsförderung Sachsen GmbH (WFS) am 7. Juni 2018 die Projektwerkstatt 'Industrielle Reinigungstechnologien'. Zur Vorbereitung der Projektwerkstatt wurde eine Umfrage als Bestandteil der Anmeldung durchgeführt. In kurzen Fachvorträgen vermittelten Experten aus Forschung und Praxis einen Überblick über die neuesten Erkenntnisse und Zukunftstrends.:1. Dr. Uwe Lienig (Wirtschaftsförderung Sachsen GmbH): Industrielle Forschungsprojekte initiieren – Die Projektwerkstatt der WFS
2. Stephan Schammer (Continental Automotive GmbH): Sauberkeitskonzept bei der Continental Automotive GmbH in Limbach-Oberfrohna
3. Dr. Michael Flämmich (VACOM Vakuum Komponenten & Messtechnik GmbH): Bauteilsauberkeit – aktuelle Herausforderungen in der Prozesskette
4. Felix Schricker (Fraunhofer IVV Dresden): Lernfabrik Industrielle Bauteilreinigung - Entwicklung eines Test- & Schulungszentrums
5. Vico Seifert (Fraunhofer IVV Dresden): Lernfabrik Industrielle Bauteilreinigung - Angewandte F&E am Beispiel einer inlinefähigen Detektion lackbenetzungsstörender Substanzen