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Dolenko, Dmitry V., und Stanislav A. Malchenkov. „RUSSIA IN THE MULTICILIZATIONAL WORLD: STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT AND INTERACTIONS“. Humanitarian: actual problems of the humanities and education 19, Nr. 2 (29.06.2019): 150–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/2078-9823.046.019.201902.150-160.
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Introduction. The study of the civilizational development stages of Russia is relevant due to the increasing role of the civilization factor in the modern multi-civilization world. The analysis of the scientific literature on the civilizational development of Russia shows that views on the nature of Russian civilization are pluralistic. The aim of the work is to analyze the historical stages of the civilizational development of Russia. The main tasks include the analysis of the Orthodox, Soviet and modern Russian civilization, their role in the multi-civilization world. Materials and Methods. The theoretical civilization model of S. Huntington is used as a theoretical and methodological basis for the analysis of the Russian civilization. To identify the stages of formation of the Russian civilization, historical, comparative, institutional and structural-functional methods were used. Results. From the point of view of its civilization development, Russia has gone through three stages: the formation of an Orthodox civilization, Soviet and Modern. Orthodox civilization was the core of a multi-ethnic and multi-religious cultural community of the Russian Empire. Its unique qualities did not predetermine confrontation and hostility towards the states of other civilizations. The Soviet civilization was formed as a result of state policy on the basis of communist ideology. It was in confrontation with the capitalist states of other (primarily Western) civilizations. The modern civilization of Russia is formed on the basis of the historical cultures of the peoples of Russia and the institutions of a democratic state of law. Its characteristic features create the possibility of cooperation with other civilizations of the modern world. Discussion and Conclusions. The civilizational development of Russia includes three stages, within which three different civilizations were formed: Orthodox, Soviet and Modern. Throughout its history, Russia has interacted with its surrounding countries and carried out a cultural and civilizational exchange with them. In most cases, this exchange was peaceful and mutually beneficial.
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Андрей Владимирович, Панков. „The civilizational-elitist approach: the actual change of research optics“. STATE AND MUNICIPAL MANAGEMENT SCHOLAR NOTES 1, Nr. 1 (29.03.2024): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2079-1690-2024-1-1-209-216.
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The article substantiates that the civilizational-elitist approach develops a civilizational approach in the direction of analyzing the mechanisms and necessary prerequisites for the evolution, flourishing and decline of civilizations on a cultural and value basis and actualizes the problem of the quality of elites. He demands a multivariate and pluralistic understanding of world history, adequate to the modern stage of the development of the humanities, which allows us to move away from the Western understanding of civilization and its imperative universality. In modern social and political sciences, this makes it possible to use the concepts of the "civilizational matrix", "cultural and civilizational code", "sociocultural landscape", "state-civilization" to denote the cultural and civilizational originality and uniqueness of a country and a national state that has its own value and foundations the sustainable successful socioeconomic and political development of a particular region.
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Tetelmin, Vladimir. „Energy-demographic history of the modern civilization“. Population 24, Nr. 2 (29.06.2021): 142–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/population.2021.24.2.13.
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The continuous increase in human energy production per caput is accompanied by an increase in the world population. The work considers the demographic history of civilization as a function of the growing production and use of the energy by mankind. The evolution in the «energy-man» system took place relatively safely for the biosphere and a man up to the value of the per caput energy consumption of 11,000 kW*h/year*person that was achieved by civilization in 1950. Modern high per caput energy consumption of civilization is achieved at the cost of the loss of the environment-forming functioning by the biosphere and at the cost of the loss of the psychophysical health of a person. We can see the prospects for development of civilization through analysis of the energy-demographic history of mankind over the past 200 years. The features of fertility and mortality in the world are considered depending on the per caput energy consumption with a forecast for the future. Two limits to the growth of global energy production were formulated in terms of preventing harm to humans. Corresponding analytical dependencies are proposed. To prevent an ecological and demographic catastrophe and ensure transition of civilization to sustainable development, it is proposed to reduce the world energy production to 140*1012 kW*h/year with a decrease in per caput energy consumption to a relatively safe level of 18,000 kW*h/year*person, which existed in society in 1970. After this «step back» civilization will enter a state of relatively safe existence.
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Kalakura, Yaroslav. „ANTHROPOCENTRICISM AND SOCIOCULTURAL APPROACH AS COMPONENTS OF CIVILIZATION UNDERSTANDING OF UKRAINIAN HISTORY“. Kyiv Historical Studies 11, Nr. 2 (2020): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2524-0757.2020.2.10.
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The methodological significance of the transition to civilizational knowledge of history is clarified in the article. The author notes that the methodological reorientation of historians and the transition to the study of the history of the Ukrainian people in the context of the civilization paradigm have contributed for raising the scientific level of historical studies. Due to this, a new vision of key problems of domestic and foreign history was formed and a number of falsified and distorted issues in the imperial and Soviet times were refuted. This made it possible to demonstrate the civilizational identity of Ukraine. Modern science considers the sociocultural approach as a methodological tool for the systematic study of the interaction of all spheres of society. Culture appears as an important criterion for the content and quality of social life. The civilizational model of the historical cognition overcomes the gaps of the Ukrainian history and promotes the establishment of Ukrainian identity. It prevents ignoring the traditional culture and mentality of the Ukrainian people, the deep regional features of the country. With the civilizational knowledge of Ukraine is related it civilizational choice, the European integration processes, which is based on a dialogue with Europe. In the civilization paradigm, the history of Ukraine is considered as the history of a separate country, but not in isolation, in relation to the history of other peoples, in the context of regional and world civilizations.
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Naz, Fariha, und Muhammad Asif. „Contemporary Clash of Civilization and Iqbal`s Thought“. Journal of Languages, Culture and Civilization 4, Nr. 4 (31.12.2022): 465–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.47067/jlcc.v4i4.151.
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Iqbal`s poetry is a world of wisdom and Sagacity. Iqbal put forth the idea of universal civilization along with other ideas. The modern concept of civilization seems attached with tools and devices in human history. Whereas the comparison of civilizations has given rise to of questions and arguments pertaining to civilization, the discussion of contemporary clash of civilization has under discussion on consistence basis. This debate has risen especially after end of the Cold War. The European concept of universal civilization establishes its superiority. Contrary to this, Iqbal`s concept of universal civilization springs from Islamic principles of brotherhood, love and peace. According to iqbal, practicing the Islamic values can redeem Muslims of Current Struggle.
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Novozhilov, A. M. „Tellurocratic strategies in the modern world“. Scientific notes of the Russian academy of entrepreneurship 20, Nr. 3 (05.10.2021): 168–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24182/2073-6258-2021-20-3-168-174.
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Global contradictions are forming in the world, among such contradictions one can single out the confrontation between tellurocratic and thalassocratic states, land states and sea states. An alternative to globalization can be multipolarity, that is, a situation where different civilizations persist. Russia will be able to become a pole of a multipolar world when it realizes itself as a civilization with a certain set of cultural and other values based on history, culture, fundamental traditions of the ideals of universality and conciliarity.
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Novozhilov, A. M. „Tellurocratic strategies in the modern world“. Scientific notes of the Russian academy of entrepreneurship 20, Nr. 3 (05.10.2021): 168–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24182/2073-6258-2021-20-3-168-174.
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Global contradictions are forming in the world, among such contradictions one can single out the confrontation between tellurocratic and thalassocratic states, land states and sea states. An alternative to globalization can be multipolarity, that is, a situation where different civilizations persist. Russia will be able to become a pole of a multipolar world when it realizes itself as a civilization with a certain set of cultural and other values based on history, culture, fundamental traditions of the ideals of universality and conciliarity.
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Lukin, A. „The Sino-US Conflict in the Light of History of International Relations“. World Economy and International Relations 66, Nr. 1 (2022): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2022-66-1-16-27.
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This article addresses the current confrontation between the United States and China in the context of the history of international relations and civilization expansions. The work demonstrates how most attempts to analyze the essence of this important phenomenon in modern world politics are based on too narrow a view: both from the standpoint of world history and the entire system of modern international relations. The author introduces the concepts of “Westernism” and “Westernist period” in order to describe the modern world. These terms are reminiscent of “Hellenism” and “Hellenistic period”, which the period of the global spread of Western civilizational models. Using world history as an example, the author examines characteristic features of such periods and concludes that the wide geographical spread of the cultural forms of any civilization and the civilizational unity caused by it historically did not lead to complete political unity. As a rule, this spread ended in a period of fragmentation, which in the sense of international relations can be called multipolarity. The author infers that the current Sino-US conflict is neither purely civilizational nor geopolitical, but it demonstrates that civilizationally united westernized world enters a period of political fragmentation. This is how one should understand the process, which in the modern foreign policy language is called the transition from unipolarity to multipolarity.
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Shemyakin, Iakov. „Image of reality and reality of image: the problem of civilizational identity in the light of the experience of socio-cultural “Frontier”“. Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski 11, Nr. 1 (30.06.2020): 219–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/pw.5982.
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The article deals with the problem of civilizational identity in the light of the experience of socio-cultural “borderland”. The author defines identity as a state of community or personality that has acquired the meaning of existence and, thus, integrity. Under the condition of identity differ in the image of identity and the identificational pivot-invariant. The image of identity is a spiritual reality, the basis of the “spiritual body” of civilization, reflecting its ideas about itself, its place in history. Identifying a core-invariant is the reality of the connection of the spiritual and the material “body” of civilization. In its spiritual aspect it is either the same as (fully or partially) with the image of civilization, or is in conflict (to varying degrees). The key characteristic of civilizations of the “borderline” type-the dominant of diversitydetermined the specificity of their identification sphere: relatively frequent (in comparison with the great “classical” civilizations of the East and the West) change of identity images while maintaining the same identification invariant – the process of interaction of diverse traditions. According to the author, the experience of civilizational “borderland” is especially valuable in modern conditions. The main conclusions that can be drawn from the study of this experience. First, it is possible to achieve the unity of the civilizational system in the conditions of the dominant diversity. Secondly, it is possible to preserve the identificational core-invariant with a relatively frequent (again, in comparison with the great “classical” civilizations of the East and the West) change in the images of the identity of civilizations of the “border” type.
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Granin, Yury D. „“Civilization” and Civilizational Evolution of Russia“. Voprosy Filosofii, Nr. 12 (2020): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/0042-8744-2020-12-34-44.
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The article analyzes the problem of productivity of using a civilizational approach to the analysis of the current state of Russia and its history. The content of the term “civilization” is discussed. The necessity of understanding civilization in two modes of implementation is proved: as a process and as a state. “Civilization” is interpreted by the author as an interdisciplinary category to denote the diversity of cultural and historical types of development of economically and politically connected large communities of people and/or their aggregates (communities), subjectively and symbolically integrated into a relatively unified whole through historical and social imagination, cultural meanings, values and norms that serve as the cause, purpose and basis for the organization and functioning of these communities. This definition is concretized by revealing the dialectics of the relationship of social, cultural, cognitive and institutional components of “civilization” using the example of Russia in the historical range from Kievan Rus to the modern Russian Federation. The most important institutional factors in the formation and development of civilizations, their interaction and expansion over long distances were “universal States” – “kingdoms” and “empires”. Studying the formation and development of the Grand Duchy of Moscow, the Russian Empire and the USSR, the author comes to the conclusion that historically these political forms had several civilizational embodiments.
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Zhou, Min. „The Three-dimensional Characteristics of The Modern Chinese National Civilization“. International Journal of Education and Humanities 14, Nr. 2 (30.05.2024): 146–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/qbnd5623.
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The Communist Party of China leads the Chinese nation through the modern national crisis, set foot on the historical journey of national rejuvenation, in the practice of building socialism to continuously promote the "two combination", born the modern civilization of the Chinese nation. The modern civilization of Chinese nation is the new form of human civilization, with the triple characteristics of Chinese civilization, socialist civilization and modern civilization: the dimension of Chinese civilization is the modern growth of Chinese civilization; the dimension of socialist civilization is the first construction of socialist civilization; and the dimension of modern civilization is the new pattern of modern civilization. The modern civilization of the Chinese nation is the modern development of the Chinese civilization that actively integrates into the history of the world and constructs the Chinese discourse system. The Chinese modern civilization breaks through the definition of the civilization of "private ownership", eliminates the shielding of the subjectivity of capital to people, and jumps the so-called "Thucydides trap", showing the new style of modern civilization.
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Pyrozhkov, Serhii, und Nazip Khamitov. „Western Civilization and Ukraine’s Euro-Atlantic Partnership“. Diplomatic Ukraine, Nr. XX (2019): 507–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37837/2707-7683-2019-31.
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The article deals with Ukraine’s Euro-Atlantic geopolitical vector in a modern geopolitical situation. The authors argue that a link between national interests and geopolitical vector of a country as a civilizational subject determines its globalization strategy. The Euro-Atlantic geopolitical vector of Ukraine provides for geographical, geopolitical, civilizational interaction with the European and Euro-Atlantic community on the basis of partnership and national interests. The main criterion for the constructiveness of Ukraine’s Euro-Atlantic vector is the strengthening and development of our country’s position as an international actor. The authors distinguish the two branches of Western civilization in the modern world: Euro- Atlantic and Eurasian. Ukraine lies on the border between the Euro-Atlantic and Eurasian branches of Western civilization. Ukraine’s ability to be a subject of history, have its own civilizational project and implement it depends on the ability to build productive relationships with these two branches. At the same time, there is a distinct historical timeliness of integration with the Euro-Atlantic civilizational community for the implementation of objectives and consolidation of values of Ukraine’s civilizational project, which requires an innovative development. Over the last hundred years, Ukraine has been predominantly engaged in the Eurasian civilizational community. To strengthen its position as an international actor, Ukraine has to overcome such asymmetry. That is why Ukraine’s Euro-Atlantic vector is not limited to the membership in the European Union or NATO. It is a much more complex process of mental and civilizational transformation, which becomes a condition for ensuring the real sovereignty. Keywords: Euro-Atlantic vector of Ukraine, Western civilization, national interests, subject of history.
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Che, Yuling, und Feifei Duan. „Cultural Roots for the Evolution of Wilderness and the Anxieties of Urban Living“. Environmental Ethics 42, Nr. 3 (2020): 267–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/enviroethics202042325.
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Space being the precondition for human existence, human perception and experience vary responding to different spaces. Modern urban dwellers live in urban space where they seem to have much space mobility but end up living in a homogenized concrete jungle. This fact has influenced, if not defined, modern urban dwellers’ life experience and caused their anxieties about such an existence. However, wilderness, as opposed to urban space, is not merely a type of space, but a way of existence relating to diversity, freedom, and healthy savagery. Civilizational evolution explains the change of human perception of wilderness from fear and desire to conquer to longing and affection, and in this sense the history of the evolution of space perception is also a history of civilization because space and culture are entwined and the more diversified the types of human living space, the more diversified their existences. In the contemporary world, the significance of wilderness not only lies in its resistance to the aforementioned homogenized, unidimensional, urban human existence, but the civilization of wilderness points to a new form of civilization that is intrinsically different from technological civilization for whose disease the civilization of wilderness per se may serve as a possible remedy.
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Christopher R. Binetti. „A Better Place to Be- Reclaiming History for Political Theory“. Polit Journal Scientific Journal of Politics 4, Nr. 1 (29.02.2024): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/polit.v4i1.1065.
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This paper analyzes the periodization of Western history, broadly construed. It first divides the Old World (Asia, Africa, and Europe) into three macro-civilizations (or Civilizations), that are further broken down into micro-civilizations, or civilizations. The West covers the modern Middle/Near East, North Africa, Europe, and Central Asia. The East covers East Asia, including Mongolia, as well as Singapore and Vietnam. The Central Civilization covers South Asia and the rest of Southeast Asia. After making this division, the paper then breaks down Western history into basic periods, specifically for the purposes of Political Theory. Western history is broken up into nine basic periods, which form four ages, three epochs, and two eons. Ancient time is divided from Medieval-Modern time into two eons. Ancient time is then broken up into seven periods, forming three ages and two epochs, the latter group corresponding to the Bronze/Iron Age dichotomy. This system is devised specifically for Political Theory, and to a lesser extent, the rest of Political Science, in order to avoid biased from looking backwards at history, specifically those that divide the Greater Mediterranean world (a.k.a. the West) by modern religion.
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Ishchenko, N. S. „The Role of Political and Electoral Technologies in Continuing the Church and Civilization Schism in Ukraine“. Orthodoxia, Nr. 1 (04.09.2021): 73–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.53822/2712-9276-2021-1-1-73-91.
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This article examines the impact of the church schism in 2018 on the change in the civilizational identity of modern Ukrainians. Modern Ukraine is in the zone of the conflict of Russian and Western civilizations, openly expressed since 2014. One of the strategies for resolving the conflict appears to be changing the civilizational identity of the enemy by transforming the cultural core of civilization, which also includes religion and religious practices. The transformation of the civilizational core in Ukraine occurs through the instrumentalization of religion, which turns into a way to solve the internal and foreign policy problems of the modern Ukrainian government. This article studies the history of the establishment of the Orthodox Church of Ukraine (OCU) in 2018, the reception of tomos from the Constantinople Patriarchate and the confrontation between the OCU and the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate (UOC-MP), which acts as a conductor of the Russian civilization's influence. The internal goals of the Ukrainian government, achieved through a church schism, include reducing the consolidation of society and strengthening its own position in a fractured society. Their foreign policy objectives involve reducing the cultural influence of Russia, excluding the Russian part of the Ukrainian society from receiving the Russian civilization's values and changing the civilizational identity of Ukrainians. One way to change the civilizational identity of Russians in Ukraine while formally preserving the Orthodox religion in the country involves promoting eucharistic ecclesiology, which is not historically rooted in the Orthodox Church and has been developing since the mid-20th century as an alternative to the universal ecclesiology. The latter assumes that the universal church is not reduced to the sum of its parts, that the criterion for correct faith is the unity of the episcopate, and that maintaining the integrity of the empirical church is one of the values of church communion. Eucharistic ecclesiology presumes that the fullness of grace is contained in each experiential community united by the common Eucharist. Eucharistic ecclesiology aids in instrumentalizing the church and turning it into the spokesperson for the secular interests of communities, which is already happening in Ukraine. This article shows that despite the church schism itself does not remove Ukrainians from the Russian civilizational space, it includes church communication into the foreign policy of reducing the Russian cultural influence in Ukraine and changing the civilizational identity of its inhabitants.
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Sledzevsky, I. V. „Conditions and Prospects of the Civilizations Dialogue in the Modern World: Symbiosis of Cultures (based on the History of the Central Asian Countries and their Interaction with Russia)“. Russia & World: Sc. Dialogue, Nr. 2 (02.06.2024): 126–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.53658/rw2024-4-2(12)-126-135.
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The article is devoted to the possibilities of dialogue of civilizations in a global, trans-border cultural space. The concept of civilization as a network of broad communications is new and promising, which removes the attachment of civilizational communities to a territory or state and turns civilizations into open, inclusive, cultural and communication entities. In the context of the extensive and unique historical experience of intercivilizational ties and relations, the Central Asian region can be classified as one of the most successful and longest-lasting “civilizations of encounters.” The communicative significance of this experience as a long and successful symbiosis of different cultures and religions and the role of dialogue with Russia in this heritage, in its preservation and revival are considered. Dialogue with Russia is a network of historical and modern relations and interactions between our countries. The article was prepared on the basis of a report made by the author at the Dushanbe session “Civilizational dialogue between Russia and the countries of Central Asia” of the VIII international conference “Russia and the world: dialogues - 2024. Forces of attraction.”
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Yiwei, W. „Internal Сivilizational Content – Civilizational“. Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law 9, Nr. 6 (24.07.2018): 76–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.23932/2542-0240-2016-9-6-76-87.
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From the point of the human civilization history the main purpose of “One Belt, One Road’ Project is to revise the provisions of west-oriented ideology according to which the continental civilizations are subordinate to the maritime ones and the East is subordinate to the West. At the same time, “One Belt, One Road’ Project helps to restore through the return of Eurasia as the center of world civilization and is aimed at the creation of a foundation for a new civilization based on the principles of “unity of man and heaven” and “unity of man and the sea”. From the point of Chinese civilization history, the above-mentioned Project contributes to its triune transformation: the transition from a continental type of civilization to the maritime one, from an agrarian civilization to an industrial one, from a regional civilization to a global one. «One Belt, One Road» Project shows the increased consciousness of Chinese civilization, reflects its self-confidence and is an expression of the theoretical, practical and philosophical aspects of Chinese wisdom, creating the “effect of three fives”: changes unseen over the five-thousand-year history by which a transformation of the traditional Chinese culture is meant; changes unseen over the last five hundred years by which the renewal of modern civilization is meant; changes unseen over the past fifty years by which a realization of the Chinese dream is meant. Together they lead to a simultaneous revival and transformation of an ancient civilization, and also allow us to talk about the conjugation of the Chinese and world dreams.
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Mchedlova, Maria M., und Oleg A. Bukin. „Russian Civilization: Civilizational Approach in Political Theory“. RUDN Journal of Political Science 25, Nr. 2 (30.06.2023): 445–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-1438-2023-25-2-445-454.
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Discussions about the applicability of the civilizational approach in political science correlate with methodological and discursive rethinking of linear philosophical and political interpretive projects. The search for new epistemological and ontological optics of modern political constructions is largely focused on the value-symbolic parameters underlying the civilizational approach. The civilizational paradigm is one of the conceptual schemes of political theory, which makes it possible to interpret political institutions, processes, and world politics through the lens of more stable and deeper factors - value systems and culture. Becoming the identifying basis of politics and the legitimizing ideological and semantic content of instrumental strategies, the civilizational approach appeals to the multiplicity and equality of the paths of historical and political formation. In political discourse, the relevant intentions are the plots of ensuring the completeness of sovereignty, historical memory and falsification of history, a common value-semantic space, national unity, and many others. The point of concentration of scientific and ideological-political search is the definition of the civilizational status of Russia. According to the authors, giving Russia a civilizational status allows us to offer adequate explanations of its socio-political ontology and phenomenology, stable and transient parameters, invariant and innovative characteristics. The emphasis is on the metaphysics of Russian statehood as determined by the specifics of civilization.
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Thetenkov, Nikolai, und Mikhail Openkov. „Historical Understanding of Man-Made Civilization“. OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2021, Nr. 7-2 (01.07.2021): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202107statyi65.
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The intensive informatization of modern culture is due to certain reasons. It is a means of balancing those factors that pose a threat to human existence. With the help of widely implemented information technologies, society is trying to prevent global disasters that are the result of uncontrolled human activity. But even the intensive informatization of culture does not protect it from the destructive actions of modern man, “armed” with modern technical means and the latest technologies.
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Hao, Qiang. „The Modern History of England in Art“. Review of Educational Theory 3, Nr. 4 (04.11.2020): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.30564/ret.v3i4.2372.
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Images are the key for us to sort out modern British history and study the development of early industrial civilization. This paper takes the most classic representative works of those immortal artists in the long river of British art to create a section of immortal history, and review the historical fragments of modern Britain from the painting brush of art masters, and intuitively feel the historical customs, dress etiquette and natural scenery of Britain at that time.
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Zhang, Liqing, Hengyu Shi, Jiaxuan Liu und Le Luo. „Research On Countermeasures of Strengthening Ecological Civilization Education of “Outline of Modern and Contemporary Chinese History" Course“. Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 19 (17.08.2023): 271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ehss.v19i.11143.
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"Outline of Modern and Contemporary Chinese History" is one of the main courses for moral cultivation. In order to implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, to promote the harmonious coexistence between human and nature, to improve the quality of ecological civilization of college students, and to enhance the teaching effectiveness of the "Outline" course, it is necessary to strengthen the ecological civilization education of the "Outline" course. It is an is an important guarantee to develop, utilize and explore the ecological civilization education resources in the textbook for the comprehensive integration of ecological civilization education into the "Outline" course.It is necessary to flexibly use a variety of teaching methods in combination with the teaching content of ecological civilization and strengthen the practice of ecological civilization teaching inside and outside the school. It is the key to improve teachers' ecological literacy for enhancing the effectiveness of ecological civilization education in the “Outline” course
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Neklessa, A. I. „METAMORPHOSIS OF CIVILIZATIONAL TRANSIT. EVOLUTIONAL MARATHON AND SOCIAL MENTALITY“. Metaphysics, Nr. 1 (15.12.2021): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2224-7580-2021-1-31-40.
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The article is based on the report «Postmodernity as Postcoloniality: Metamorphosis of Civilizational Transit» at the 10th South-Russian Politological Convent in South Federal University 27-31.10.2020. Civilization is seen as a dynamic structure, and history as an evolutionary process, defined and manifested in the transformation of social mentality. The complexity of the current social environment and organisms living in it is a natural result of development. The transit experienced by the modern civilization to the postmodern order of multiple, loosely formalized sovereigns. Postcoloniality as a rapidly growing universal problem is regarded as a specific aspect of postmodernity.
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Голубева, Лада Анатольевна, und Алексей Эдуардович Черноков. „The Statehood of China, Civilization, and Constitutionalism in Modern History“. ЖУРНАЛ ПРАВОВЫХ И ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ, Nr. 4 (15.12.2021): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.26163/gief.2021.46.70.008.
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Рассмотрена проблематика эволюции государственности и правовой системы Китая в ХХ веке. Представлена характеристика основных политико-правовых институтов, выделены полномочия высших органов государственной власти и проведен социально-антропологический анализ правопонимания и правоприменения. Выявлены особенности китайского конституционализма, проанализировано его соотношение с традиционным патернализмом и принципом партийности. The article examines problematic issues of the evolution of statehood and the legal system of China in the 20 century. The description of major political and legal institutions is presented in the study with the powers of higher state and administrative bodies being outlined. Particular attention is paid to the social and anthropological analysis of law interpretation and law enforcement. Specific features of Chinese constitutionalism are defined with the analysis of its relation with traditional paternalism and the principle of party membership being conducted.
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Nuraisah, Nuraisah, Yufi Permata, Imam Tabroni, Morse Kathryn und Woolnough Cale. „Modern Islamic Civilization in South and Southeast Asia“. International Journal of Educational Narratives 1, Nr. 5 (21.07.2023): 211–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.55849/ijen.v1i5.338.
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Background. Islam is the second largest religion in South Asia, with more than 600 million Muslims living there, making up about a third of the region's population. The history of Islam in South Asia began along the coastal regions of the Indian subcontinent and Sri Lanka, after its beginnings in the Arabian Peninsula. Purpose. This research was made to thoroughly explore the history of Islamic civilization in the modern era in South Asia and Southeast Asia. With this research, it is hoped that it can add insight to the readers in the study of the history of Islamic civilization and can answer various questions about when Islam entered South Asia and Southeast Asia, how the process and impact on the people who live there, and who plays an important role in the spread of Islam on both continents. Method. The data collected will be analyzed by identifying the themes, arguments or main ideas in the texts and analyzing how they influenced and were influenced by the development of Islamic civilization in Southeast and South Asia. Results. Southeast Asia is home to the largest Muslim population in the world. Islam is the majority religion in Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei Darussalam. Islam in Southeast Asia was spread through the activities of traders and Sufis. Unlike other Islamic regions of the world, it was spread through the Arab and Turkish conquests. Conclusion. Thus the presentation of material about Islamic Civilization in Southeast Asia and South Asia and how the method of its spread. We as writers realize that the results of the papers we compile are far from perfect, for the future we will try to be even better in presenting writing or discussion.
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Hasan, Hasaruddin, Dian Firdiani, Umiyati Jabri und Ilham Assidiq. „HISTORY OF THE BORN OF THE ISLAMIC STATE SECULAR TURKEY“. International Journal Conference 1, Nr. 1 (02.02.2023): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.46870/iceil.v1i1.479.
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The Islamic civilization which was influenced by Arab and Persian civilizations became a deep legacy for the Turkish people as a legacy of the Ottoman dynasty. The direction of modernization that is oriented to the west directly makes acculturation of western culture look more advanced and modern. The mixing of Turkish, Islamic and western civilizations has colored the identity of the Turkish people which Mustafa Kemal Ataturk considered as an obstacle to Turkey's progress. 1 Mustafa Kemal principally wanted a new civilization that could bring Turkey back to its glory. The change towards secularism is an ironic thing in the life of Turkish society because it has lived in the Islamic world for hundreds of years. This can be explained as something that is forced to accept secularism as a new order in carrying out the life of the nation and state. This problem needs to be analyzed, bearing in mind that Turkey, as an Islamic country that was very victorious in its time, was finally drowned in a touch of secularism. Another question is why Turkey has adopted secularism as a way to save its nation and state. Based on the above, this paper discusses the dialectic of secularism in Turkey and the role of Mustafa Kemal in the Turkish revolution
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Tkhagapsoev, Kh G. „Ethnos as a subject of history and a measure of the objectivity of historical science“. ADYGHE INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL 23, Nr. 1 (2023): 86–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.47928/1726-9946-2023-23-l-86-98.
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The article is devoted to methodological problems, the solution of which determines the correspondence of ethno-historiography to the modern level of science, its further successful development. It is shown that she adheres to outdated views on the structure, subjectivity and role of traditional society in the historical process; docs not take into account the new views of philosophy and the theory of history on the essence of local civilization, the mechanisms of its existence, its role and significance in historical processes. It docs not pay due attention to the factor of interethnic relations and their specific (in particular, local civilizational) forms in historical processes. As a result, ethnohistoriography reflects the subjectivity of the ethnos in history only partially. It is also noted that discourses about the processes of formation and development of Russian civilization are contradictory, while ignoring the role and place of ethnic groups in these issues and the lack of representation of ethnic historiography in the discourses themselves about the processes of formation of this civilization.
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Elmansyah, Elmansyah, Muhammed Sahrin Bin Haji Masri und Saimi Bin Bujang. „Sufism and Millennial Generation Movements in Modern Nusantara“. Al-Albab 1, Nr. 1 (27.06.2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24260/alalbab.v1i1.1272.
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This article aims to show how Sufism has survived and existed in the history of Nusantara Islamic civilization. This is interesting, especially for the millennial generation, as an example of dealing with the swift currents of change and the desire to build the Indonesian Islamic Civilization within Islam Nusantara context. The data of the work is based on a comparative research project with a historical approach. The work suggests four key findings. First, the emergence of Sufism in the 3rd century of Hijri was part of the response in changes in Islamic civilization. Second, to counter the unexpected changes in time, the Sufis returned to the spiritual teachings, so as to avoid negativity. Third, a strong mentality of Sufis made them travel around the world to create a new civilization. Fourth, tolerant attitudes and models of the Sufis are the mainstays in achieving their mission.
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Elmansyah, Elmansyah, Muhammed Sahrin Bin Haji Masri und Saimi Bin Bujang. „Sufism and Millennial Generation Movements in Modern Nusantara“. Al-Albab 8, Nr. 1 (27.06.2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24260/alalbab.v8i1.1272.
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This article aims to show how Sufism has survived and existed in the history of Nusantara Islamic civilization. This is interesting, especially for the millennial generation, as an example of dealing with the swift currents of change and the desire to build the Indonesian Islamic Civilization within Islam Nusantara context. The data of the work is based on a comparative research project with a historical approach. The work suggests four key findings. First, the emergence of Sufism in the 3rd century of Hijri was part of the response in changes in Islamic civilization. Second, to counter the unexpected changes in time, the Sufis returned to the spiritual teachings, so as to avoid negativity. Third, a strong mentality of Sufis made them travel around the world to create a new civilization. Fourth, tolerant attitudes and models of the Sufis are the mainstays in achieving their mission.
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Nur Atika Alias. „Model of Periodization of the History of Civilization and Phases of Development of Islamic Education“. HISTORICAL: Journal of History and Social Sciences 2, Nr. 4 (27.12.2023): 192–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.58355/historical.v2i4.91.
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This research aims to discuss the periodization model of the history of civilization and the development phases of Islamic education. The historical periodization of Islamic civilization and Islamic education developed simultaneously because education existed because of the existence of a civilization. Islamic civilization and education began with the presence of Islam in Mecca. The Prophet established that Islamic education is based on the Koran and Hadith so that all the values of Islamic education are found in the Koran. Harun Nasution divides the history of Islamic civilization into three periods, namely the classical period, the medieval period and the modern period. The development of Islamic education goes hand in hand with the historical development of Islamic civilization. In the classical period, Islamic education was centered on the Prophet, Khulfaur Rasyidin, the Umayyad daulah and the Abbasid daulah. In the middle period, Islamic education focused on three large empires, namely the Ottoman Empire in Turkey, the Safavid empire in Persia and the Mughal empire in India. Meanwhile, in the modern period Islamic education experienced significant changes because in the medieval period Islam experienced decline. Islamic education was born with a new face to develop Islamic education in various aspects.
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Yang, jing. „Reflection of Chinese Traditional Cultural Values in Modern Clothing“. Человек и культура, Nr. 2 (Februar 2023): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8744.2023.2.39744.
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In the context of modern processes of global integration and the comprehensive strengthening of China, the desire of world culture for integration also contributes to the development of global heterogeneity, localization and the rise of national culture. The Chinese civilization is currently the only ancient civilization that has not been interrupted in its development. Throughout the history of more than five thousand years in the course of its development, Chinese civilization has been able to form a unique cultural tradition that has become a spiritual source for the Chinese people. Since China's culture is an important part of the history of world civilization, its traditional culture can be represented in various forms through various cultural media, such as modern clothing. This article examines the reflection of Chinese traditional culture manifested in modern clothing both in China and abroad, analyzes, studies, compares and summarizes the differences in the language and methods of expression of Chinese traditional culture between the West and China. In addition, this article summarizes the methodological significance of heritage and innovation in the field of the manifestation of Chinese traditional culture in modern clothing, due to which modern Chinese clothing in the international fashion system is gradually moving from the concept of "alien" to the concept of "unique".
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Markova, E. N. „Cultural technologies of modern music science“. Educational Dimension 26 (14.12.2009): 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/educdim.7017.
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The article is dedicated to questions music history metaphysicians, who Defines the regular nature of the appearance in big history rime of the atradicionalizm and accordingly, regularity of the manifestation in art and in music effect modernist style-avanguard in the manner of single extreme стилевого of the complex, which reflect in category culture - a music civilization, primary - a secondary genres.
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MAZOUZI, Racha. „THE HISTORY OF MEDECIN IN THE MEDIEVAL AND MODERN ERA,AND IT’S ROLE INTHE STUDY OF HISTORY OF ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION“. RIMAK International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 03, Nr. 07 (01.09.2021): 149–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2717-8293.7-3.14.
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Islamic civilization had a prominent role, whether in the Islamic world, or its clear impact on the life of Europe, which was suffering from backwardness and ignorance. The Islamic civilization awakened it from its slumber and deep backwardness, through the its scientific achievements, and perhaps one of the most important roles was in the field of medical sciences, where Muslims took great care of the medicine industry at the beginning, from the search for the origin of the disease to treatment methods, and the establishment of institutions especially for its meridian and education, and the importance of this research lies in the definition of Arab-Islamic medicine, and its impact on Europe, especially that Westerners have claim the science has not developed for Muslims throughout the ages, and also aim through this research to track the development of medicine and the cultural and social movement in Islamic civilization in the Middle Ages and modernity.
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Mays, L. W., D. Koutsoyiannis und A. N. Angelakis. „A brief history of urban water supply in antiquity“. Water Supply 7, Nr. 1 (01.03.2007): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2007.001.
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A brief history of ancient water supply techniques for urban areas from the earliest civilizations through the Roman times is presented. Throughout the history of urban centers, a sufficient water supply has been the backbone of each city. All sources of water, rivers, lakes, springs, underground sources, and rainwater collection, were exploited for urban supply starting from the earliest civilizations. The specific choice was dependent upon the civilization, the geomorphology, the topography, and the local climatic and hydrological conditions. No large-scale lifting techniques were available; thus, water was transferred from the source by aqueducts from a higher altitude. Cisterns used for collection of rain water and wells for drawing groundwater were very well developed since the Bronze Age. During historical times, Greeks and later Romans reached a high level of water supply technologies that greatly influenced modern achievements in water engineering and management.
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Fleifel, Mohamad, Bassem Fleifel und Andrew El Alam. „Diabetes Mellitus across the Arabo-Islamic World: A Revolution“. International Journal of Endocrinology 2023 (10.11.2023): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/5541808.
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Background. Mankind continues to suffer from the ever-growing diabetes epidemic and the rapid rise of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This metabolic disease has been studied since ancient civilizations. The Arabo-Islamic civilization excelled in establishing some of the most notable discoveries and teachings that remained the blueprint for years to come in the field of diabetology. Aim. This article aimed to review the ancient history of diabetes mellitus, with its main focus on the Arabo-Islamic civilization, and to report our subjective views and analysis of some of the past recommendations based on modern-day findings. Discussion. It is natural to have the teachings of medicine dynamically inspired by one civilization to another, as various fields continue to expand and evolve. This also applies to diabetology as the Arabo-Islamic world used the outlines of prior civilizations to revolutionize the understanding of the disease. Al-Razi and Ibn Sina are probably two of the most renowned polymaths in history, and their contributions to diabetology are well documented. Ibn Maymun’s postulation about the higher prevalence of diabetes in Egypt as compared to Andalusia is something to be carefully studied. It could be that diabetes mellitus’ underdiagnosis and late-stage detection are some of the major reasons for the disparity between the two mentioned regions. Modern-day Arabo-Islamic scholars continue to excel in revolutionizing diabetology. Conclusion. The Arabo-Islamic world houses an impressive bout of scholars who have contributed since the ancient times to diabetology. This scientific locomotion shows no signs of stopping, as it continues to shine during the present day, and likely in the future.
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R, Kaladevi, Revathi A und Manju A. „Analyzing the Evolution of Modern Tamil Script for Natural Language Processing“. ECS Transactions 107, Nr. 1 (24.04.2022): 5219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.5219ecst.
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History is essential for understanding the society's former state. It is beneficial to understand people's historical status, culture, and how we view the present. The society benefits from the society's diversified culture and unparalleled civilization. The limited sources available to learn about our history are books, epigraphs, and inscriptions. Only around half of all Indian inscriptions are in Tamil, and only half of those are published. The name India is derived from the Indus River, and the Indus Valley Civilization is the most active and progressive civilization in the ancient world. Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, and Jainism are four well-known religions that emerged from this culture. Epigraphs are the most reliable source of information about ancient India's life, culture, religion, and politics. This study examines the evolution of India's many scripts and languages. Discovering the incremental changes in scripts and languages that demonstrate the linguistic relationship between distinct populations is critical. Natural language processing benefits from knowledge of numerous scripts, languages, and techniques for letter recognition.
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Kasavina, Nadezhda A. „On the “second wind” of civilizational development (reflections on the report of N.I. Lapin)“. Civilization studies review 3, Nr. 1 (2021): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/2713-1483-2021-3-1-43-56.
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The text is a response to some of the passages of the report by N.I. Lapin, which was prepared for discussion of the methodological grounds of the “Russian Civilizational Development Project” (Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences). In the continuation of the methodological searches of N.I. Lapin, the concept of the historical development of the civilization of K. Jaspers is considered in more detail in accordance with the all-human idea of A.V. Smirnov, as well as in the context of the justification of civilizational unity through the phenomenon of transversal reason (V. Welsh). Based on these ideas, the justification for the importance of constructing the unity of world civilization, which should take place not through the priority of individual cultures, countries or their associations, but on the basis of their originality, is provided. The concept of historical development of K. Jaspers allows us to conclude that the distinction of the first axial time is the formation of cultural identity, local cultural self-awareness as a result of the path of civilization to the transcendent. The second axial time tends to the formation of an all-human civilization, transversely “collecting” local cultural achievements. In modern times, the most important factor in this formation is the progress in science and technology, which determines the main paths of civilizational development. At the same time, the social and humanitarian sciences have a mission to ensure cultural dialogue and participate in the general process of discussing the current problems of our time. Globalization can be thought of as interaction, including the interaction of projects of further world development, taking into account both the unique cultural features and the history of civilizations, and their coexistence in the world as a whole.
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Zhao, Feng, und Soo Choon Loy. „Exploring a Relic’s History Through 3D Digitization“. Digital Presentation and Preservation of Cultural and Scientific Heritage 6 (30.09.2016): 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.55630/dipp.2016.6.9.
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This paper discusses how 3D digitization of cultural properties and modern interactive methods can help museums disseminate, educate and share the rich history, culture and civilization of museums’ collection more effectively than traditional methods which used visual boards.
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Gioielli, Emily R. „Masculinity in the Modern West: Gender, Civilization and the Body“. European Review of History: Revue europeenne d'histoire 18, Nr. 3 (Juni 2011): 410–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13507486.2011.574833.
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Abraham, Blessy C. „Book review: Ishita Banerjee-Dube, A History of Modern India, Sugata Bose and Ayesha Jalal, Modern South Asia: History, Culture, Political Economy and Thomas R. Trautmann, India: A Brief History of a Civilization“. Indian Economic & Social History Review 55, Nr. 4 (Oktober 2018): 575–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019464618799422.
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Ishita Banerjee-Dube, A History of Modern India, New Delhi: Cambridge University Press, 2015, 486 pp.; Sugata Bose and Ayesha Jalal, Modern South Asia: History, Culture, Political Economy, Third Edition, New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2014, 274 pp.; and Thomas R. Trautmann, India: A Brief History of a Civilization, New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2011, 242 pp.
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Trymbach, Serhii. „Colonial Heritage of Russia in Ukrainian Cinematograph: Problems of Overcoming“. Folk art and ethnology 4 (30.11.2022): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/nte2022.04.007.
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Colonial expansion of the imperial Russia on the territory of Ukraine is of a three hundred years’ history, which has got its logical continuation in the 20th – 21st centuries. Social and cultural dynamics of the colonial war of the imperial centre against Ukraine and its people during the last century is analyzed in the article. It is the period starting from the destruction of cultural institutions at the turn of the 1920s – 1930s, arrests and executions of a whole generation of the workers of literature and art, destruction of grain-growers’ culture and its bearers during the years of Holodomor. Then there has been a decade of the late Stalin years (1944–1954), when the only existence of Ukraine and Ukrainians is declared illegitimate, decades (1954–1964, 1964–1974) of the legitimization of Ukrainian political elites, with the condition of their work for a real liquidation of Ukrainian culture and language, and resistance of a young generation (the Sixtiers) to a new imperial policy. The following decennial periods have their peculiarities, however, even at the times of the dawning of the age of Ukrainian independence the expansion of Russia hasn’t abated. It is armed with the cultural and informative technologies of influence, reformatting of the consciousness of the masses, developed over the centuries. Cinematograph is one of the most powerful means of the formation of senses, narratives and images, aimed at the territories, interpreted as the zones of traditionally ostensibly Russian civilization. In fact, these zones are the borderlands. Really a clash of civilizations takes place here. According to popular and authoritative nowadays concept of the clash of civilization by American sociologist and political scientist Samuel P. Huntington, the most important borders, dividing mankind in modern world, are not determined by ideology, economics, but culture. These are not nation-states that are in conflict now (although their significance in the world is still very notable), but nations and groups, belonging to different civilizations. The clash of civilizations becomes a dominant factor of a world politics. The conflict between civilizations, which turns into a real war, is the final phase of the evolution of global conflicts in the modern world. Russian-Ukrainian war is a real war for the strengthening of the civilizational senses and lines in this context. From the side of Ukraine this is a struggle for the return to the West civilization. The struggle, which is conducting including with the means of purely cultural and artistic direction, which is evidenced with the submitted material from the up to date history of Ukrainian cinema.
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SHIN, Ji-Hye. „“Insanity Is the Price of Modern Civilization”: The Discourse of Civilization and the Asian Insane in Modern America“. Korean Journal of Medical History 30, Nr. 1 (30.04.2021): 145–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.13081/kjmh.2021.30.145.
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Bellini, Paolo. „The Myth of Eternal Youth and Post-modern Civilisation. Androgyny, Genders and Biopower“. Caietele Echinox 42 (30.06.2022): 121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/cechinox.2022.42.08.
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"The myth of eternal youth, in connection with the symbolism of the androgyne, dates back to very ancient history and has been passing through the various stages of development of the Western culture and civilization since time immemorial. In particular, in Hesiod’s myth of the golden age, there is a description of eternal youth that will leave a lasting impression in the imaginary of the Western civilization, spreading until modern and post-modern culture. Such an imaginary seems to guide the current pursuits of biomedical sciences and new technologies, through which, although in an unconscious manner, the modern and post-modern civilization seems to cultivate the ancient dream of the golden age, thanks to a novel relationship between knowledge and power."
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Mukhammadiev, Ulugbek Nasriddinovich. „The Origin of the Turks in Various Historical Versions“. International Journal of Social Science Research and Review 5, Nr. 11 (05.11.2022): 220–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.47814/ijssrr.v5i11.724.
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Turkic–speaking peoples are among the most numerous peoples of the globe. A significant part of them have lived in Asia and Europe since ancient times. The Turks make up 90% of the inhabitants of modern Turkey, and in the territory of the former USSR there are about 50 million of them, which is the second largest group of the population after the Slavic peoples. The Turkic world is the birthplace of the very first and powerful cultures and civilizations, which subsequently had a significant impact on the entire course of world history, since throughout their history the Turks have been a connecting bridge between East and West. Many modern historians objectively note the role of the Turkic world in the history of human civilization as an important and positive factor in the development of progress and the preservation of peace.
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Rahman, Fadhlu, Anas Amarulloh und Fitri Siska Supriatna. „Building a Civilization Base on Spiritual Values: Learning from the Struggle of Husain“. AJIS: Academic Journal of Islamic Studies 4, Nr. 2 (09.12.2019): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.29240/ajis.v4i2.1015.
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The modern paradigm gives a strong influence to the modern people especially in the west. The influence is from its coup to the reality of God by some western thinkers and intellectuals. Than it has the impact to the meaning of advance civilization, futher it gives serious problems to the most social structure. The struggle of Sayyidana Husain as the everlasting history of humanity gives another view to the human concept and advance civilization. The oneness values (tauhid) which is contained by al-Husain, look at the spiritual aspects as the measure of the advance civilization. Therfore the definition of advance civilization has a new space, and opens the way of the inherent potentials as the basic of the advance civilization. This writing tries to open the values of Sayyidina Husains struggle in Karbala and mixs it contextually with the concept of Coomaranswammys spiritual civilization as the basic meaning of civilization by using the historical and analysis descriptive method. Hence the paradigm of advance civilization has an alternative of the new paradigm, and the spirituality can be a measure of advance civilization.
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Mironov, Boris N. „Cyclic Concepts of Russian History in Modern Historiography“. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History 68, Nr. 1 (2023): 130–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2023.108.
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In post-Soviet historiography, the concept of the cyclic pendulum, or inversion, of Russia’s development has become widespread. According to it, Russia, unlike the West, is characterized not by progressive, but by spasmodic pendulum development: progress is replaced by reaction, movement goes in a vicious circle. The article verifies four variants of the concept and makes conclusions about its strengths and weaknesses. Three most significant shortcomings are noted. The first is anti-historicism: fundamental changes that took place in the Russian society are ignored, which contradicts the principle of historicism. The second is Eurocentrism: the West is idealized and regarded as the highest manifestation of civilization, as a model for imitation and comparison, and deviations from this model, reforms that do not lead to Westernization, are condemned. The third is apriorism, weak empirical validity: explanations in most cases are hypothetical, even guesswork. The main methodological strategies are comparison, analogy, good examples, deduction as a selective ordering of facts to substantiate a certain hypothesis. Historians, as a rule, consider such methods to be unreliable, opening up opportunities for many ill-founded hypotheses. The concept objectively reflects the characteristic features of the Russian historical process: the presence of cycles; the pulsating nature of the reform; widespread authoritarian management style; low general culture of the population; the great role of traditional institutions, popular political culture and specific cognitive practices; strong historical inertia — dependence on the past path, due to civilizational stereotypes. However, the shortcomings inherent in the Russian society are exaggerated, and achievements are minimized. The imbalance creates a bias, and the representation of the course of Russian history is inadequate.
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Velimirovic, Ana, Zoran Jovovic und Novo Przulj. „From neolithic to late modern period: Brief history of wheat“. Genetika 53, Nr. 1 (2021): 407–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr2101407v.
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History of wheat cultivation is as long as history of civilization. Adaptation of nature, animal domestication and plant cultivation, enabled transition from nomadism to sedentism 12,000 years ago, portraying the rise of Homo sapiens of today. First civilization, Mesopotamia aroused around 4000 B.C.E, in the riverbanks of Tiger and Euphrates, where carbon-14 dating revealed that tetraploid wild emmer (Triticum turgidum subsp. dicoccoides) was grown. Due to modest cultivation requirements and high nutritional value, wheat quickly spread from its centre of origin throughout the world. Generations of farmers have chosen seeds from plants with best architecture, adapted to local conditions for sowing, striving toward constant improvement of yields. For centuries agricultural production was based on locally adapted wheat varieties of great genetic diversity. Agriculture completely changed its course in mid-XX century as a result of Green Revolution, introduction of high-yielding cereal varieties, chemical fertilizers and pesticides, irrigation and mechanization replacing traditional techniques. The flourishing of agriculture has drastically changed the course of agricultural development and global society. Improvement of agricultural techniques by integrating scientific advancements and knowledge to assimilate environmental factors has tripled wheat yields in last 50 years. Today, wheat, maize and rice, represent staple food for humanity.
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Balahonsky, Vitaly, und Pavel Mukhametov. „Historical and theoretical aspects of the development of Russian statehood and the formation of the civilizational foundations of its representations“. Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia 2023, Nr. 3 (28.09.2023): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.35750/2071-8284-2023-3-20-28.
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Abstract: The article is devoted to the study of one of the current issues of modern science. That is the definition of the correlation between the concepts of «civilization» and «state». It turns out that, despite their heterogeneity (the state is a form of organization of political power, civilization is a phenomenon of cultural development), there is a certain connection between them, due to the reciprocal determination within society of the corresponding functions of the state and culture. The purpose of the research is to analyze these categories in relation to the history of the development of Russian statehood. The article presents the author’sstandpoint in understanding the essence and specificity of the civilizational development of Russian statehood.
The theoretical basis of the study was the work of Russian and foreign scientists.
Methodology. In the process of working with the material, a systematic method, as well as methods of comparative legal, historical-legal, civilizational analysis and formal logicwere used.
Results. It is found that in the considered correlation of theconcepts «civilization» and «state», the concept of «civilization» has a large volume, as far as it can cover several states with a similar culture, and within the same civilization, various forms of state government can historically change. The definition of civilization is formulated, and the authors proposes to understand it as a long-existing self-sufficient community of ethnic groups, countries, states, having a clearly expressed spiritual and material cultural identity and acting as a significant subject of socio-cultural development of human society. The specificity and place of Soviet subcivilization within the framework of Russian civilization are clarified.
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Wallerstein, Immanuel. „The Modern World-System As A Civilization“. Thesis Eleven 20, Nr. 1 (Februar 1988): 70–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/072551368802000105.
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Arditya Prayogi, Lilik Riandita und Singgih Setiawan. „THE DYNAMICS OF ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION IN THE PERSIAN REGION: A HISTORICAL STUDY“. Jurnal Keislaman 5, Nr. 2 (01.09.2022): 167–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.54298/jk.v5i2.3434.
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The chapters in the history of Islamic civilization by historians are divided into classical, medieval, and modern periods. Islamic civilization itself is a civilization that spread widely to various regions, including the Persian region. Persia in its history deviates many relics that show how Islam is dynamic in each era. This article was written using a qualitative descriptive approach by describing the literature study method. From the results of the discussion, it is known that Islamic civilization in Persia is dynamic, and most of the relics left by the Shafavid dynasty. In addition, in the later period, Persian identification with Shia (teachings) became attached to each other as a result of the dynamics of Islam in this region.
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Hamka, Muhammad, Agusman Agusman und Muh Arbiyansyah Nur. „Building Civilization in the Era of Globalization Based on Knowledge Through Education and Dakwah“. International Journal of Islamic Thought and Humanities 3, Nr. 1 (10.03.2024): 36–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.54298/ijith.v3i1.181.
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In the era of globalization, characterized by global economic, technological, and cultural integration, the development of civilization has become increasingly complex. Amidst these dynamics, education and propagation of faith (dakwah) play a crucial role in shaping the foundation of a sustainable civilization. History bears witness that the presence of knowledge through education and dakwah serves as a benchmark for the rise and fall of nations. Knowledge is the light for humanity, enlightening their minds, fostering civilization, and bringing happiness. However, knowledge does not come automatically. It must be sought, learned, practiced, internalized, propagated, and held accountable to its true essence. This forms the basis for building civilization by making knowledge the foremost component. This research aims to explore the roles of education and dakwah as the foundation for civilization-building in the era of globalization, while also highlighting the challenges and opportunities in this process. The research methodology employed is qualitative analysis involving literature review and case studies. The findings indicate that education provides the knowledge and skills necessary to confront global challenges, while dakwah provides spiritual and moral guidance that forms the basis of civilizational values. Nonetheless, there are challenges in preserving religious identity and traditional values amidst the influence of foreign cultures and modern technology.