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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Choir competition"
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Untung, Rachel Mediana. „Investigating the Indonesia Folk Song Arrangement in Six Choir Competition, 2019“. Resital: Jurnal Seni Pertunjukan 21, Nr. 2 (01.06.2021): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.24821/resital.v21i2.4357.
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This study is aimed at investigating the trend of folk song arrangement in six Choir Competitions Folklore Category, 2019. It is specifically focused on investigating three things: the trend of arrangers’ names, title of, origin of folk songs performed in the competitions, the characteristic of the arrangement and relationship between the arrangers and the national choir competitions committee. The reason of choosing the topic is because such a folk song arrangement is seen to be one of the key factors in conducting a choir competition, folklore category. As for the research method, it is more on music behaviour in a relational teritory. Therefore, it used a document study and qualitative research design. In this case, the researcher observed in six choir competitions and interviewed the arrangers, choir leaders, and musicians taking apart in the competitions. The findings revealed that the most frequently used arrangement was Ken Steven’s “Cikala Le Pong Pong”, the most popular arranger was Budi Susanto Yohanes, and Java and Madura were the two origins from which most of the folk songs were performed in choir competitions. The characteristic of the most popular one due to its unique arrangement in the form of vibrant music rhythm and body percussion. It revealed that an arranger is the first key agent in a systemic social-organization mechanism like in a choir competition.
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Bartolome, Sarah J. „“We sing to touch hearts”: Choral musical culture in Pretoria East, South Africa“. Research Studies in Music Education 40, Nr. 2 (08.05.2018): 265–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1321103x18768101.
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The purpose of this study was to explore the culture of choral singing among children and youth in Pretoria East, South Africa. The philosophical underpinnings of the choirs, the roles of choirs within local and national communities, and the perceived values and benefits of participation were examined. This collective case study required the integration of standard ethnographic strategies employed over the course of a month-long period of fieldwork and two shorter follow-up visits. I observed approximately 40 hours of rehearsal and 25 hours of performance, focusing on five choirs in and around the University of Pretoria. I also conducted 22 semi-structured interviews with choristers, directors, staff members, and parents. Participants identified a philosophy of “message bearing” as the primary goal of choral performance. Innovation and diversity in programming and competition were additional emergent themes related to this philosophy. Choirs were found to have multiple roles, including recruiting and marketing, promoting diverse South African musical cultures, and cultivating a national, South African identity. Participants described a wide range of musical, social, educational, and personal benefits associated with participation, with choristers most commonly alluding to choir as a means of “relaxing.” Choir emerged as a source of bridging social capital, encouraging cooperation among participants from diverse racial and cultural backgrounds, promoting intercultural understanding and trust, and cultivating a broadened sense of national South African identity.
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Suryati, Suryati. „Paduan Suara Sebagai Media Sosialisasi Program Keluarga Berencana Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Tahun 2011‐2015“. PROMUSIKA 3, Nr. 2 (22.11.2018): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.24821/promusika.v3i2.1696.
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The annual Family Planning (KB) March choir competition as a socialization media of governmental family planning program is held in cooperation between the Yogyakarta “Pamungkas” 072 Military Resort Command (known as the Korem 072/ Pamungkas) with the Family Planning Coordinating Board (known as the BKKBN) of Yogykarta Special Region office, to win the bullet‐shaped rotating trophy provided by the Korem 072/ Pamungkas. The purpose of the competition is to socialize the “Mars KB” song in all levels of the KB program coverage territories, as well as their working patners, in order to influence the living style of families Yogyakarta through the song theme that covers the governmental programs of population, family planning, and family welfare empowerment. Although the choir competition has been carried out since 2008, this study is focused on the last 5 years events, from 2011 to 2015. This study untilized a qualitative research method that based on data collection from field studies and literature sources. The three research provlems discussed in thi study are: (1) Why chorus has been used as a medium for family planning programs dissemination; (2) how is public response to the choral competition as it is seen from the number of participants, their vocal quality, and their creative ability, which annually has increased. (3) What is the impact of these soscialization efforts toward the living style changes on Yogyakarta families as well as people understanding on the family planning programs. This study concludes that choir competition is the effectif media for this governmental progams due to the involvement of various social type of family members as seen in the participant list during the last five years. Most families in Yogyakarta are seem to agree that the successful family planning demanding equally active role from both husband and wife.
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Barlow, Jill. „London, St John's Smith Square: Vasari Singers Anniversary commissions“. Tempo 59, Nr. 234 (21.09.2005): 45–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298205290307.
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The Vasari Singers, now well established as a much-acclaimed London-based chamber choir, celebrated their 25th Anniversary this year with a concert at St John's Smith Square on 15 May featuring short specially commissioned works by ten notable British composers. As conductor Jeremy Backhouse described to me, a private preview of the works, all on sacred themes, took place at Tonbridge School Chapel in February, in the presence of the composers, thus setting up a ‘dialogue’ on interpretation. Although strictly speaking of amateur status, the choir has achieved much critical success, winning the Sainsbury's Choir of the Year Competition, appearing on BBC Radio 3 and at major venues, and has shown a distinct interest in commissioning new choral works in recent years.
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Parker, Elizabeth Cassidy. „A Grounded Theory of Adolescent High School Women’s Choir Singers’ Process of Social Identity Development“. Journal of Research in Music Education 65, Nr. 4 (16.11.2017): 439–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022429417743478.
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The purpose of this grounded theory study was to discover the process of social identity development for adolescent high school women’s choir participants. Purposive maximum variation sampling was used to identify three public high school women’s choirs where 54 interviews were conducted with 40 different public school singers. Three waves of data collection and analysis revealed a seven-step process beginning with coming in singing and ending with envisioning myself. The central phenomenon was identified as opening up my voice and me and emphasized singers’ increased self-confidence. Intervening conditions included competition, the absence of choral opportunities, and lack of understanding from those outside of the choral program. Amount of time in the choral program, number of groups, and community recognition were identified as contextual conditions. Dimensionalized properties, a temporal matrix, and propositional statements are presented.
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Prokopov, S. „J. S. Bach and G. F. Handel’s works performed by the choir of the Kharkiv National Kotlyarevsky University of Arts students“. Problems of Interaction Between Arts, Pedagogy and the Theory and Practice of Education 52, Nr. 52 (03.10.2019): 22–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum1-52.02.
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Background. In Ukraine both musicologists and performers (in particular the choirs conducted by well-known choirmasters) do much for the further development of the home Bach studies. For instance, the direction of the ‘choral bahhiana’ was actively developed by the leading choirmasters of that time professor M. Berdennikov (Kiev), Y. Kulik (Kharkiv) in the 60’s and 70’s. It is known that future students of the choral conducting departments first learn the choral heritage of J. S. Bach and G. F. Handel, as a rule, at the piano lessons at children musical schools and secondary schools. Unfortunately, their choral works aren’t often sounded today in the concert halls of musical academies and universities of arts. This music seemed to move from the concert stage to the classrooms. Analysis of publications according the topic. Among the researches that highlight the problems of the style of the sacred works of J. S. Bach and G. F. Handel, it is necessary to point out the fundamental studies of I. Givental and L. Gingold, M. Druskin, T. Livanova, V. Protopopov, A. Schweitzer, articles of modern authors by K. Berdennikova, N. Inutochkina, Y. Lyashenko, V. Semenuk, G. Skobtsova. However, the questions of the specifics of choral vocal technique remain, as a rule, outside the attention of scholars and they constitute the topic’s relevance of the article. Methods. The usage of the historical method contributed to the research of the educational choral performance at the present stage. It is involved structural-functional and intonational methods for establishing dramatic works’ features and concretization of their spiritual content. The comparative method is used to determine the differences between vocal style of J. S. Bach and G. F. Handel’s works and the technique of working with them. Objectives. The main goal is systematization of theoretical and practical observations with the performance of J. S. Bach and G. F. Handel’s choral works by the choir of the Kharkiv National Kotlyarevsky University of Arts students. The article is devoted to highlighting the problems of the performing process and the specifics of the choir practice of students with compositions by J. S. Bach (Cantata No. 140, ‘Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme’ and Magnificat) G. F. Handel (Dettingen Te Deum in D major, HWV 283). Results. The holding of the 22nd International Music Festival “Kharkiv Assemblies” devoted to the J. S. Bach and G. F. Handel’s oeuvre in 2015 was a significant event not only for Kharkiv but also the whole Ukraine’s musical life. The choir of the Kharkiv National Kotlyarevsky University of Arts students traditionally participated in it as in previous years (art director – Honored Art Worker of Ukraine, professor S. Prokopov, choirmasters – laureate of the all-Ukrainian competition H. Savelyeva, award winner of the all-Ukrainian competition O. Fartushka). The choir performed Magnificat and Cantata No. 140 by J. S. Bach ‘Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme’, fragments from the Dettingen Te Deum in D major, HWV 283 by G. F. Handel (the last two works are Kharkiv premieres). The work with them took place in short order and so it caused of some vocal technique difficulties and the problems of performative concept and performative style. Complaxities were intensified by the lack of necessary acoustic accumulation and the practical experience of performing the music of the Baroque by many young choirmasters, members of the choir group. The importance of studying the musical heritage of composers of genius in order to make a conductor-choirmaster personality is emphasized in the article. The main difficulties of learning choral scores due to the lack of performing experience, certain acoustic accumulation of choral music of the late baroque period which students of choral conducting specialization have. The approximation to the true understanding of the performing style of choral music by J. S. Bach and G. F. Handel may be provided with conditions of a thorough in-depth studying their works. The main tasks of the performative choices are described: appreciation of the entire depth of the spiritual content of J. S. Bach’s and G. F. Handel’s music by young performers, the correlation between vocal and instrumental principles, rational and emotional ones. One of the main tasks of the choir practice of students with J. S. Bach’s cantata No. 140 «Watchet auf, ruft uns die Stimme» was an adequate presentation of composer’s style. The composer treats the human voice as equal to the orchestra. Therefore, the vocal-instrumental nature of Bach’s choral style needs another way of sound-building, a greater unity of voices than our home choral music needs. They consider specific methods and techniques of work on such executive factors as tempo-rhythm, strokes. The questions of choral vocal technique, in particular, vocal intonation (significance of timbre expression, usage of different types of respiration, clear diction, active articulation) are raised. J. S. Bach’s interpretation of voice as an instrument, demands from performers a great deal of its mobility, almost virtuosity, especially in contrapuntal sections. As for the vocal style of G. F. Handel, the influence of the operatic style, which is felt in his oratorios and cantatas is emphasized. Conclusions. The choir practice of students and performing by the student choir of German composers’ genius works, the communication of young performers with outstanding conductors, singers (including foreign ones) became for them the true school of craftsmanship, promoted the professional growth of the choir group, revealed its new performance capabilities. Choral music of J. S. Bach and G. F. Handel should move from the educational audiences of universities and academies to the specific halls. The works of genius need to include in student choral groups’ repertoire.
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Morgan, Kenneth. „Promoting high culture: The evolution of the Brisbane Musical Union, 1872–98“. Queensland Review 27, Nr. 1 (Juni 2020): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qre.2020.2.
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AbstractThis article analyses the musical work of the Brisbane Musical Union (BMU) between its founding in 1872 and the consolidation of its position by 1898. During this period, the BMU benefited from the dedicated leadership of its main conductor, R. T. Jefferies, who drew upon his high standing as a violinist, ensemble player and conductor in Brisbane to present regular choral concerts, mainly comprising oratorios, with an amateur choir. Despite financial challenges, difficulties over rehearsal and concert venues, periodic problems concerning the choice of repertoire, an insufficient number of available professional musicians and competition from rival local musical societies, Jefferies’ work with the BMU promoted an important aspect of high musical culture to the public and laid the foundations for further development of classical musical performance in Brisbane.
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McCombie, Charles W., und Joseph C. Smith. „Harold Horace Hopkins. 6 December 1918-22 October 1994“. Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 44 (Januar 1998): 239–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.1998.0016.
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Harold Horace Hopkins was born in Leicester, the last of the six children of William E. Hopkins, ‘a hand for a small baker’, and Teresa F. Hopkins. Throughout his childhood and youth the family experienced the hardships of the 1920s and 1930s, with his father unemployed for much of the time. But his efforts to get a good, broad education were encouraged, particularly by his mother, whose strong socialist principles incorporated a great respect for education. During his years at a local state elementary school he attended various Sunday schools (attendance was required, but no particular denomination was specified), sang in a church choir, had free organ lessons from the organist, won an adult verse competition when aged nine and went to concerts of the Leicester Symphony Orchestra.
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Roby, Tio. „RELASI PENGUASAAN ELEMEN-ELEMEN MUSIKAL BERNYANYI DAN KONDISI STRES DALAM KONTEKS KOMPETISI BERNYANYI : STUDI KASUS PADUAN SUARA MAHASISWA“. INVENSI 1, Nr. 1 (26.04.2017): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24821/invensi.v1i1.1587.
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Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui relasi antara penguasaan elemen-elemen musikal bernyanyi dan kondisi stres personal dalam konteks kompetisi/ kontestasi bernyanyi. Alasan mendasar penelitian ini adalah, adanya salah satu manfaat positif aktivitas bernyanyi yaitu untuk mereduksi kondisi stres personal yang sedang dialami (hasil dari penelitian-penelitian ilmiah, serta pendapat pakar yang relevan); sementara di sisi lain beberapa penelitian ilmiah telah menghasilkan kesimpulan, bahwa kondisi stres menjadi tercipta ketika seseorang harus berpenampilan di depan umum, misalkan aktivitas bernyanyi dalam konteks kompetisi. Penelitian kualitatif ini akan dilakukan melalui pendekatan studi kasus pada paduan suara mahasiswa; aktivitas bernyanyi dalam konteks kompetisi sebagai objek material, sedangkan psikologi sosial sebagai objek formalnya; perolehan data dilakukan dengan FGD; analisis data dilakukan melalui pengelompokan data/mencari pola data; teori musikal bernyanyi dan konsep stres akan digunakan untuk mengiterpretasikannya. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu, bahwa ketidaksiapan individu terkait penguasaan elemen-elemen musikal bernyanyi dalam konteks kompetisi bernyanyi akan menciptakan kondisi stres pada pelakunya/ individu tersebut. The aim of this research is to know about the relation between mastery of singing musical elements and personal stress condition in singing competition context. The fundamental reason of this research is the fact that there’s one of the benefits of singing activity, that is to reduce the personal stress condition being experienced (scientific reaserches’s results, relevant expert opinion); in other side, many scientific researches have been concluded that stress condition will be produced while someone have to perform in public, as example is singing activity on competition context. This qualitative research used case study approach at college choir; singing activity on competition context as material object, social psychology as formal object; FGD was used-to get the datas; subdividing datas or look for the datas pattern was used-to analyse the datas; musical theory of singing and stress concept were used-to interpret the datas. The result of this research is, that individual’s unpreparedness with mastery of singing musical elements on singing competition context will creates stress condition on doers.
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Garnett, Liz. „Ethics and aesthetics: the social theory of barbershop harmony“. Popular Music 18, Nr. 1 (Januar 1999): 41–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261143000008722.
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Until recently, the world of the British barbershop singer was a self-enclosed community whose existence went largely unrecognised both by musicians involved in other genres and by the public at large. In the last few years this has started to change, chiefly due to the participation of barbershop choruses in the televised competition ‘Sainsbury's Choir of the Year’. Encouraged by the success of Shannon Express in 1994, many other choruses entered the 1996 competition, four of them reaching the televised semi-finals, and two the finals. During this increased exposure, it became apparent that television commentators had little idea of what to make of barbershoppers, indeed regarded them as a peculiar, and perhaps rather trivial, breed of performer. This bafflement is not surprising given the genre's relative paucity of exposure either in the mass media or in the musical and musicological press; the plentiful articles written by barbershoppers about their activity and its meanings are almost exclusively addressed to each other, to sustain the community rather than integrate it into wider musical life. The purpose of this paper, however, is not to follow the theme of these intra-community articles in arguing that barbershop harmony should actually be regarded as a serious and worthy art, or to explain to a bewildered world what this genre is actually about; rather, it aims to explore the way that barbershop singers theorise themselves and their activity to provide a case study in the relationship between social and musical values. That is, I am not writing as an apologist for a hitherto distinctly insular practice, but exploiting that very insularity as a means to pursue a potentially very broad question within a self-limited field of enquiry.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Choir competition"
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Masuelele, Oreeditse Patrick. „Social cohesion in school Choir competitions: the experiences of conductors and adjudicators“. Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/80469.
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In this qualitative study the researcher investigates how school choir competitions in South Africa contribute to creating platforms for social cohesion. The study examines the experiences of conductors and adjudicators in two main South African school choir competitions, namely the ATKV-Applous and ABC Motsepe (previously known as SASCE). This study was inspired by the contribution of the rising choral music platform in post-apartheid South Africa to national regeneration from tensions created by past disparities and how choral music contributes to social cohesion in society. Phenomenology is used to investigate the experiences of conductors and adjudicators and whether participation in choral competitions contributed to advancing social cohesion in a transforming South Africa. Data were collected through semi-structured face-to-face interviews, the review of documents and the analysis of journal notes taken during the study. The Transformative Learning Theory (TLT) was applied as framework to contextualise deliberate reflection involving increased social knowledge and openness among respondents. In this study, choir conductors and adjudicators reflected on their experiences in choir competitions and how cohesion could be achieved through choir competitions. From the study the researcher concluded that competitive platforms such as choir competitions provide an opportunity for role players to test their strength as individuals and as part of a team. The study found that, regardless of many challenges hindering social cohesion, choral music competitions offer an environment for bringing people closer and establishing harmonious collaboration. Learning from others, sharing and reciprocating experiences lead to new partnerships that promote social cohesion. However, the conditions set out in the rules and policy requirements of the competitions could inhibit social cohesion by exclusion and conditions that may hinder interest. Although many studies focus on the value of choral activities and its contribution to social cohesion, this study fills the gap of exploring the role of choir competitions in fostering social cohesion. Recommendations include the need to foster an awareness of the role of school choir activities, which includes the selection of music, in encouraging nation-building. Furthermore, school choir competition policy should include clearer guidelines on social cohesion. It is recommended that training opportunities for conductors and adjudicators should be expanded and implemented to include musical development, but also focus on fostering a sensitivity to the complexity of cultural diversity and the power of choral activities to enhance nation-building and social cohesion in South Africa.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2020.
pt2021
Humanities Education
PhD
Unrestricted
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Schnyder, Simon. „Essays on political agency : term limits, yardstick competition and political budget cycles“. Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1G008.
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Cette thèse est articulée autour du concept d'agence politique. Le premier chapitre présente les concepts et la littérature dans un modèle simple. Le deuxième chapitre développe et complète la compréhension du phénomène de dernier mandat. Cet effet apparaît lorsqu'un politicien n'est pas rééligible: les dépenses publiques et des niveaux d'imposition augmentent. Je montre qu'il est rationnel pour un politicien bienveillant de choisir en première période des niveaux de dépenses publiques et d'impôts inférieurs aux niveaux préférés par l'électeur. Les augmentations de dépenses et d'impôts ne sont expliquées que partiellement par un relâchement de la discipline, une autre partie de l'explication est l'existence d'un effet de premier mandat. Le chapitre trois porte sur les déterminants institutionnels des cycles budgétaires politiques et identifie l'effet de la limitation du nombre de mandats sur les cycles budgétaires. Le cadre empirique est celui des États américains, dont certains limitent le nombre de mandats de leurs gouverneurs; d'autre États n'imposent aucune contrainte. Les cycles budgétaires politiques sont différents selon que les États ont adopté ou non une limitation du nombre de mandats. Les baisses d'impôts ne s'observent que dans les États où les gouverneurs ne sont pas contraints par une limitation du nombre de mandats. Le quatrième chapitre porte sur l'analyse de l'interaction de l'effet laboratoire et de la concurrence par comparaison. Je montre qu'une intense concurrence par comparaison peut freiner l'adoption et la diffusion des bonnes politiques. Lorsque l'opinion de l'électeur est forte, un élu peut être incité à se comporter de manière populisteThe thesis applies the concept of the political agency. The first chapter develops a simple model of political agency to expose the main lessons of the literature. The second chapter contributes to the understanding of the phenomenon of the last term effect, which appears when a politician is not reeligible, and raises the taxes and spending. I show that it is rational for a benevolent politician to set spending and taxes below the levels preferred by the voter. If reelected the benevolent politician catches up with the level of spending preferred by the voter. Tax and spending increases observed in a final term are only partly explained by a lack of fiscal discipline and another part of the explanation lies in the existence of a first term effect. Chapter three focuses on the institutional determinants of the pre-electoral political budget cycles. The originality of this work is to identify the effect of the term limit legislation on the nature and the extent of political budget cycles. The empirical framework is that of the gubernatorial elections in the U. S. States. Political budget cycles are different depending on whether or not the states have a term limit legislation. The pre-electoral tax cuts are seen only in states without a term limit. The fourth chapter analyzes the interaction of the laboratory federalism and the yardstick competition. It shows that yardstick competition may slow down the uptake and dissemination of the best policies. When the belief of the voter about a the policy is strong, an elected official may in fact be encouraged to follow the view of the voter, regardless of his private information about the best policies
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Sassi, Syrine. „Essays on production market competition“. Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC0125.
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L’objectif de cette thèse est d’étudier le rôle que joue la concurrence sur le marché des biens et services dans la prise des décisions ainsi que sur la valeur de la firme. En particulier, elle met l’accent sur l’impact de la pression concurrentielle sur le choix de la source de la dette, l’efficience des décisions d’investissement dans le capital humain, et le coût des fonds propres. Cette thèse est organisée en trois essais.Dans un premier essai, nous nous intéressons à l’effet de la concurrence sur le marché des biens et services sur la prise des décisions de financement, et particulièrement le choix de la source de la dette. À partir d’un échantillon de 3 831 entreprises américaines cotées au cours de la période 2001-2013 et en utilisant une nouvelle mesure de concurrence reflétant les menaces concurrentielles qui pèsent sur les entreprises, nous constatons que les entreprises faisant face à une concurrence accrue ont moins tendance à recourir à la dette bancaire. Ce résultat soutient l’hypothèse que la concurrence joue un rôle de gouvernance efficace qui, par conséquent, peut être substitutif à la fonction de surveillance et de contrôle des prêteurs bancaires. De plus, nos résultats montrent que l’impact négatif de la concurrence sur le recours à la dette bancaire est plus important pour les entreprises qui sont plus susceptibles d’être sensibles à la pression disciplinaire exercée par le marché, particulièrement les entreprises exposées à la pression concurrentielles et les entreprises ayant de sévères contraintes financières.Le deuxième essai examine l’impact de la concurrence sur le marché des biens et services sur l’efficience des décisions d’investissement des entreprises, et particulièrement l’investissement dans le capital humain, un sujet qui a été largement ignoré par les recherches antérieures. L’analyse empirique se base sur un échantillon de 18 957 observations durant la période 1998-2001. Les résultats montrent que l’intensification de la concurrence sur le marché des biens et services est négativement liée à l’efficience de l’investissement dans le capital humain. De plus, nous constatons que ce lien est plus important pour les entreprises risquées ainsi que les entreprises ayant des coûts importants associés à l’investissement dans le capital humain. Dans l’ensemble, nos résultats suggèrent que la concurrence sur le marché des biens et services augmente le risque de défaut des entreprises qui, par conséquent, réduisent leurs activités d’investissement, conduisant à un problème de sous-investissement dans le capital humain.Dans le troisième essai, nous examinons si la concurrence sur le marché des biens et services pourrait influencer la valeur de l’entreprise à travers son impact sur le taux de rentabilité exigé par les actionnaires, ou le coût des fonds propres. L’utilisation d’un large échantillon d’entreprises américaines cotées en bourse durant la période 1998-2013 montre que la concurrence sur le marché des biens et services a un effet négatif sur le taux de rentabilité exigé par les actionnaires. Les analyses additionnelles ont montré que cet effet négatif est particulièrement significatif dans les entreprises qui souffrent principalement d’une mauvaise gouvernance. Ce résultat suggère que la concurrence joue un rôle de gouvernance qui permet de discipliner le comportement discrétionnaire des dirigeants, notamment en les incitant à fournir plus d’effort pour protéger leur entreprise contre le risque de faillite. Par conséquent, ce rôle de gouvernance améliore les attentes des investisseurs à l’égard des perspectives futures de l’entreprise et réduit ainsi le taux de rentabilité exigé ou le coût des fonds propresThis dissertation investigates the effect of product market competition on corporate decisions and firm valuation. It is a collection of three essays. The first one examines the role of competition in driving the choice of debt source. Using a large sample of U.S. listed firms over the period 2001-2013, we show that product market competitive pressure is negatively associated with bank debt financing. This result is consistent with the view that competition plays an effective governance role that disciplines managers, and hence substitutes for the need to bank strict monitoring. In further analysis, we also show that the negative impact of competition on bank debt financing is stronger for firms with a higher exposure to competition and tighter financial constraints as they are more sensitive to external market discipline.The second essay explores whether product market competition matters for investment decisions, and more specifically labor investment decisions. To test our research hypotheses, we consider a large sample of U.S. listed firms over the 1998-2013 period and provide strong evidence that product market competitive pressure distorts labor investment efficiency. This result highlights the risk-increasing effect of competition. To the extent that firms in competitive industries have lower profit margins and higher bankruptcy risk, they are more willing to under-invest in labor in order to reduce labor costs and avoid further earnings declines. In addition, our cross-sectional tests show that the negative impact of competition on labor investment efficiency is intensified for firms with a higher exposure to competition, tighter financial constraints, and higher labor unionization rates.The third essay further investigates the implications of product market competition by examining its impact on the cost of equity capital which is viewed as one of the key considerations for managers in their investment and financing decisions. We employ a large panel of U.S. listed firms from 1998 to 2013 and find that firms facing intense competitive pressure have a lower cost of equity financing. Additionally, we show that the role of competition in reducing equity financing costs is more pronounced for firms with a higher exposure to competition and firms with poorer governance quality. Taken together, our findings suggest that product market competition serves as an external disciplinary mechanism that improves investors’ beliefs in the stock market, hence leading to a lower cost of equity capital
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Concettini, Silvia. „Competition in electricity markets : retailers, generators and technologies“. Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100033/document.
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Cette thèse vise à répondre à trois questions soulevées par la vague de réformes dans les secteurs de l’électricité: est-ce que la libéralisation de la fourniture d’électricité a atteint ses objectifs dans l’Union Européenne ? Comment les producteurs qui utilisent des sources renouvelables et non renouvelables se font concurrence dans le marché libéralisé ? Quel est l’'impact de l’augmentation de la production d’électricité à partir de sources renouvelables sur la congestion du réseau et sur les différences de prix zonaux en Italie ? Le premier chapitre fournit une évaluation à mi-terme de la libéralisation de la fourniture d’électricité en Europe. On propose une théorie complète sur la libéralisation de la fourniture et on teste sa cohérence avec la pratique dans l’Union Européenne. L’analyse met en évidence la persistance d’une structure oligopolistique dans la fourniture, un faible engagement des clients et des asymétries dans le taux et la vitesse de transfert des coûts d’approvisionnement dans les prix des contrats. L’attribution aux enchères des services par défaut et de dernier recours semble la meilleure solution afin de favoriser le développement de la concurrence. Dans le deuxième chapitre, nous étudions les interactions stratégiques entre une technologie de production traditionnelle et une renouvelable caractérisée par une capacité aléatoire. Nous employons une version modifiée du modèle de Dixit sur les investissements stratégiques de dissuasion à l’entrée avec deux configurations pour la concurrence après l’entrée: concurrence à la Cournot dans un jeu en deux étapes et le cadre entreprise dominante-frange concurrentielle dans un jeu en trois étapes. Dans les deux cas, l’analyse suggère que le producteur renouvelable exploite l’ordre de mérite afin de remplacer la production de son rival. Dans le troisième chapitre, nous analysons l’impact de la production d’énergie renouvelable sur la congestion et sur les différences de prix zonaux en Italie. En utilisant une base de données unique, nous estimons deux modèles économétriques sur cinq couples de zones: un modèle logit multinomial pour l’occurrence et la direction de la congestion et un modèle MCO pour la taille des différences de prix. L’analyse montre que dans une région importatrice l’effet de l’augmentation de la production renouvelable locale est de diminuer (augmenter) la probabilité de congestion provoquée par la région limitrophe (causée à la région limitrophe). L’augmentation de la production d’énergie renouvelable semble avoir un impact significatif sur les zones insulaires, en diminuant (augmentant) le niveau des différences positives (négatives) des prixThe objective of this thesis is to answer to three questions raised by the wave of reform in electricity industries: has retail liberalization achieved its objectives in European Union? How traditional and renewable generators compete in a liberalized market? What is the impact on congestion and zonal price differences of increased production from renewable intermittent sources in Italy? The first chapter provides a mid-term evaluation of liberalization of electricity retailing in Europe. We propose a comprehensive theory on retail liberalization and test its consistency with the practice in European Union. The analysis highlights the presence of an oligopolistic supply structure, a limited level of customer engagement in the market and asymmetries in the rate and speed of cost-pass through. The attribution of the Default/Last Resort service through an auction mechanism seems the best solution to favor the development of competition. In the second chapter we study the strategic interactions between a traditional generation technology and a renewable one characterized by an intermittent availability of capacity. We employ a modified version of the Dixit model for entry deterrence with two post entry competition settings: the Cournot framework in a two stage game and the dominant firm-competitive fringe setting in a three stage game. In both cases, the analysis suggests that the renewable generator exploits the merit order rule to crowd out the production of its rival. In the third chapter we analyze the impact of renewable generation on congestion and zonal price differences in Italy. Using a unique database we estimate two econometric models on five zonal pairings: a multinomial logit model for the occurrence and direction of congestion and an OLS model for the size of paired-price differences. The analysis shows that in an importing region the effect of a larger local renewable supply is to decrease (increase) the probability of congestion in entry (exit). Increasing renewable generation seems to have a significant impact on the islander zones, decreasing (increasing) the level of positive (negative) price differences
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Nicolle, Ambre. „Essays in empirical industrial organization : demand and supply in the mobile telecommunications market“. Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTD009/document.
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Cette thèse a pour objectif de contribuer à la compréhension des marchés de télécommunications mobiles, en offrant un éclairage sur la façon dont la structure de marché, les investissements technologiques des acteurs et la règlementation ont affecté les prix des services, mais également en mesurant l’ampleur de l’inertie et de myopie du consommateur dans un environnement en mutation rapide. Le premier chapitre explore les déterminants de la baisse des prix en France entre 2011 et 2014.Basée sur une régression prix hédoniques, cette étude montre que l’introduction d’une nouvelle technologie et la concurrence sont à l’origine de la majeure partie de cette baisse des prix. Le deuxième chapitre questionne la façon dont la disponibilité croissante des offres sans terminal associé - sim-only - a affecté l’arbitrage intertemporel des consommateurs lors de leurs choix de forfait et de mobile. En estimant un modèle de choix discret basé sur un ensemble de combinaisons de forfaits et de terminaux,il est possible de capturer une mesure de la myopie des consommateurs. Les résultats obtenus suggèrent que le niveau de myopie moyen a fortement diminué avec l’émergence des offres sim-only et converge vers une valeur proche de celles estimées pour des marchés différents, c’est-à-dire un niveau qui témoigne d’une sous-évaluation très modérée du futur. Le troisième chapitre propose une estimation de l’inertie des consommateurs lors de leurs choix de terminaux mobiles. En se basant sur un échantillon de consommateurs sim-only et en observant leurs choix de changement de terminal entre2012 et 2014, un modèle de choix discret permet d’estimer les coûts de changement entre marques de terminaux mais aussi entre systèmes d’exploitation. Un contrefactuel est ensuite réalisé pour simuler les parts de marchés de ces derniers en l’absence d’inertie des consommateurs. Celui-ci indique que la part de marché d'Android et celles des systèmes d'exploitation mineurs augmenteraient aux dépends de la part de marché d'IOSThis thesis aims to contribute to the understanding of mobile telecommunication markets, in exploring how structure, technological investments of players and regulation have affected prices of services; but also in measuring the magnitude of consumer inertia and myopia in a rapidly evolving environment. The first chapter investigates determinants of mobile services price drop in France between 2011 and 2014.Based on a hedonic price regression, this study provides evidence of introduction of a new technology and competition being responsible for most of the price reduction. The second chapter questions howinter-temporal trade-off of consumers selecting a handset and a tariff has been affected by the increasing availability of sim-only contracts. Estimating a discrete choice model based on choice setswhich combine extensive number of tariffs and handsets, it is possible to capture an average level of consumer’s myopia. Results show myopia decreased along with emergence of sim-only contracts and converge towards a value which is close to what has been estimated in other markets, meaning consumers only exhibit a modest undervaluation of future. The third chapter measures the magnitude inertia in repeated choice of smartphones. Exploiting data of handset switchings between 2012 and 2014 of sim-only consumers, we estimate discrete choice models to estimate switching costs between brandsand operating systems. We then rely on our model to simulate market shares without inertia and showthat the market share of Android and smaller operating systems would increase at the expense of the market share of iOS
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Giani, Marco. „Essays on Political Behavior“. Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/247053.
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My PhD thesis focuses on two separate topics: (1) Issue salience and (ii) Political inequality. For each topic, I present one theoretical and one empirical analysis. Perhaps unsurprizingly, this sums up to 4 chapters.Chapter 1 (Political inequality, theoretical): "Immigration, Political Participation and Redistribution". Input: In this work in progress paper, I assess the effect of immigration on the political behavior of natives. Output: Plutocratic collective choice mechanisms rather than the law of supply and demand are responsible for the immigration worries of native unskilled workers.Chapter 2 (Issue salience, theoretical): "Electoral Competition through Issue Selection". Input: In this published paper, we assess the effect of priming on the intensity of electoral competition.Output: Policy innovation is more likely when the ability of parties to divert the attention of voters towards their "owned issues" is stronger.Chapter 3 (Issue salience, empirical): "The Leader and the ublic Under the Terror Threat".Input: In this work in progress paper, I assess the effect of a shock to the salience of an issue (terrorism) in the political preferences of agents.Output: Populist leaders' strategy to divide the public on key issues is less effective when a real threat actually arises.Chapter 4 (Political inequality, empirical): "The Depoliticized Participant".Input: In this preliminary essay, I assess the participation behavior of depoliticized individuals (ideological centrist or "don't knows"), typically neglected in the field.Output: Depoliticized individuals are alienated from politics rather than hostile to the democratic order.Doctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Suire, Alexandre. „Évolution de la voix humaine : le rôle de la sélection sexuelle“. Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTG027.
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Il a été suggéré que la voix grave des hommes résulterait de l’action de la compétition intrasexuelle pour signaler aux compétiteurs la dominance, la menace et la masculinité, tandis que la voix relativement aiguë des femmes serait le produit de la compétition intersexuelle pour signaler la fertilité et la féminité. En effet, au-delà du message linguistique, la voix humaine révèle de précieuses informations biologiques et sociales sur la qualité et la condition des locuteurs telles que le sexe, l’âge, la dimension corporelle, la personnalité et possiblement le statut social. Ces indices prennent toutes leur importance lorsqu’il s’agit d’évaluer des compétiteurs et d’éventuels partenaires sexuels. Au cours de cette thèse, nous avons ainsi étudié le rôle fonctionnel de la voix humaine sous l’angle de la sélection sexuelle. Premièrement, nos travaux suggèrent que les préférences vocales ne sont pas universelles et qu’elles dépendent de l’environnement culturel en question, puisque plusieurs de nos résultats dans une population de locuteurs francophones montrent que les hommes sont attirés par des voix relativement graves chez les femmes, contrairement à ce qui est majoritairement observée dans les populations anglophones. De même, la plupart des études se sont focalisées sur la hauteur et le timbre, mais nos résultats suggèrent que la qualité phénotypique peut être exprimée par d’autres éléments de la qualité vocale tels que la raucité, le souffle et divers éléments prosodiques. Deuxièmement, les interprétations évolutives jusque-là évoquées dans la littérature pour expliquer ces préférences restent insatisfaisantes. En effet, nos résultats montrent d’une part que la voix des hommes n’est pas corrélée au taux de testostérone, remettant en question l’idée d’un signal « honnête » de l’immunocompétence et, d’autre part, que la modulation vocale, correspondant à un pattern dynamique de la voix en contexte interactionnel, souligne l’importance d’étudier la voix dans des situations écologiquement valides. Enfin, nous avons montré via le principe du symbolisme phonétique que le dimorphisme sexuel de la voix humaine se traduit également au niveau de la composition sonore des prénoms et de leur attribution en fonction du sexe. Pour conclure, notre travail offre de nouvelles pistes de réflexion et établit la sélection sexuelle comme un paradigme de choix pour étudier la voix humaineIt has been suggested that the deep voices of men have been selected through intrasexual competition to signal dominance, threat and masculinity to competitors, whereas the high voices of women have been selected through intersexual competition to signal fertility and femininity. Indeed, beyond the linguistic message, the human voice conveys valuable biological and social information about the quality and condition of the speakers such as sex, age, body configuration, personality and possibly social status. These cues are crucial when assessing competitors and potential sexual partners. In this thesis, we studied the functional role of the human voice through the lens of sexual selection. Firstly, our work suggests that vocal preferences are not universal and depend on the culture under study, since several of our results in a population of French speakers show that men are attracted by relatively low-pitched voices in women, as opposed to what has been observed in English speaking populations. Likewise, most studies have focused on pitch and timbre, but our results suggest that phenotypic quality may be expressed through other elements of voice quality such as roughness, breathiness, and various prosodic elements. Secondly, the evolutionary interpretations hitherto evoked in the literature to explain these preferences remain unsatisfactory. Indeed, our results show that, on one hand, men's voices are not correlated with testosterone levels, suggesting that they are not a “honest” signal of immunocompetence and, on the other hand, that vocal modulation, which corresponds to a dynamic modification of voice quality in an interactional context, emphasizes the importance of studying voice in ecologically valid situations. Finally, we have shown through the principle of sound symbolism that the sexual dimorphism of the human voice is also reflected in the sound composition of first names and their attribution according to sex. To conclude, the present work offers several new lines of research and establishes sexual selection as a key evolutionary paradigm to study the human voice
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Jaeck, Mélanie. „Emergence d'une complémentarité stratégique entre agriculture et biodiversité dans les territoires à haute valeur environnementale. L'exemple de la Camargue“. Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NSAM0013.
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Dans cette thèse nous nous interrogeons sur l'émergence d'une complémentarité stratégique entre l'agriculture et la biodiversité dans les territoires à haute valeur environnementale. Nous étudions l'exemple de la Camargue, zone humide d'intérêt international, où l'enjeu est de concilier agriculture et protection de l'environnement. Nous réalisons d'abord une analyse du contexte camarguais, en insistant sur les rapports ambivalents entre agriculture et biodiversité . Dans la mesure où la réforme future de la PAC va venir remettre en question les conditions d'octroi de ces aides, autant que leur volume global, le développement de la riziculture camarguaise passe à terme par son association à une image de terre sauvage et naturelle. Cette complémentarité stratégique de fait peut permettre de concevoir les futures politiques publiques et de justifier le maintien des aides à la riziculture camarguaise, par sa contribution à la gestion durable de la biodiversité. Nous examinons ensuite les conditions économiques d'émergence d'une riziculture biologique, dans ce contexte particulier. Les conditions de marché, et plus précisément la présence d'une concurrence imparfaite, caractérisés par la concentration de la fourniture d'intrants (herbicides et semences) en un petit nombre de fournisseurs. Leurs stratégies d'adaptation au développement des pratiques d'agriculture biologique sont contraintes par les conditions de marché et limitées aux quantités offertes. Nous étudions à quelles conditions un équilibre stratégique existe, et excluons des équilibres extrêmes (riz biologique dominant / exclu). Nos résultats placent les stratégies d'offre variétale au c?ur de ces interactions stratégiques, c'est pourquoi nous prolongeons cette approche stratégique par l'étude des déterminants économiques de la diversité variétale dans les exploitations rizicoles camarguaises. Celle-ci confirme la place accordée aux stratégies de niche, et met en avant le rôle des opportunités de marché et des réseaux dans les choix de porte-feuille de cultivars par les agriculteurs, au-delà des contraintes structurelles de l'exploitation. Enfin, une enquête de type "choice experiments" fait apparaître l'influence des normes collectives dans les préférences des riziculteurs camarguais pour les technologies de production dont ils disposent. Les résultats de cette étude empirique montrent qu'une grande majorité des producteurs pourrait adopter des technologies sans intrants chimiques, à condition d'être accompagnés de compensations financières équivalentes à celles accordées actuellement sans condition dans le cadre de la PAC. Au-delà du cas d'étude, la thèse fournit donc des enseignements utiles pour la conception de politiques publiques capables de concilier efficacité économique et développement durable. Elle est aussi une contribution à la réflexion sur la gestion intégrée multi-acteurs de l'agriculture et de la biodiversité à l'échelle d'un territoire à haute valeur environnementaleIn this research, we assessed the emergence of a strategic complementarity between farming and biodiversity, in a landscape with a high environmental value. We rely on the Rhone river delta, wetland of international interest, and well known biodiversity's hotspot. We examine the conditions of emergence of the organic agriculture in this particular context. The market conditions, more precisely the presence of imperfect competition for input (seeds and herbicides) are putting several constraints on adaptation's strategies accessibles to firms. As a consequence, the main way to adapt is the control of input supply. We study at which conditions an interior equilibrium does exist. The study of economic factors of rice' cultivar's diversity in farms in the Camargue area confirm the role played by niche strategies, and highlight the importance of market opportunities and commercial networks in the cultivar's portfolio choices made by farmers. They are naturally playing in interaction with factors governing the costs and benefits of managing a greater cultivar's diversity. Finally, the choice experiments survey put emphasis on the influence of collective norms in farmers' preferences for production technologies. The results show that a large majority of rice producers are adopt agro-ecological technologies at a price of monetary incentives equivalent to those obtained currently from the CAP, without conditions. Thus, the future of agricultural development in the Camargue area should be associated with environmental preservation. This de facto strategic complementarity could enables stakeholders and public authorities to design future public policies and give a conditional support to a sustainable agriculture
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Chen, Minghui. „Analyse de la concurrence intermodale : l'évaluation de la qualité des dessertes ferroviaires et aériennes“. Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2080.
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Sur la liaison Paris-Bordeaux, le temps de parcours en train est réduit de 1 heure grâce à la mise en service commerciale de la LGV SEA (Ligne à Grande Vitesse Sud Europe Atlantique) le 2 juillet 2017. Les effets envisagés sont une amélioration de la compétitivité du transport ferroviaire et un report modal en faveur du train. Dans cette thèse, nous nous intéressons aux effets de cette infrastructure ferroviaire sur les comportements de choix modal des voyageurs. En particulier, nous nous intéressons à la qualité des dessertes et les impacts de celle-ci sur les comportements des voyageurs.La qualité des dessertes est un sujet important pour les différents acteurs concernés par la nouvelle infrastructure ferroviaire. La seule prise en compte du nombre total des trains ou des arrêts intermédiaires n’est pas suffisante pour une évaluation pertinente de la qualité des dessertes. La présente thèse de doctorat a pour objet de montrer, d’un point de vue théorique et empirique, que l’approche pertinente doit être fondée sur les programmes d’activités et pas seulement sur l’offre de transport.Nous présentons des indicateurs permettant de mieux maîtriser les effets liés à la qualité des dessertes sur le choix modal des voyageurs. L’analyse commence par les indicateurs qui fournissent des informations complémentaires aux indicateurs standard comme la fréquence de service et l’intervalle de service vers un modèle plus sophistiqué capable de prendre en compte le programme d’activités et les caractéristiques des opportunités à destination. Nous nous orientons vers une approche désagrégée tout en assurant la mesurabilité des indicateurs.Les deux méthodes présentées dans cette thèse sont les indicateurs de temps utile à destination et le modèle combiné choix modal – choix d’horaires. A l’aide de la première méthode, nous améliorons notre connaissance aux effets de la qualité des dessertes avec un nouveau module intégré dans un modèle de choix modal. Grâce à la deuxième méthode, nous traitons la question de recherche avec une structure du modèle combiné qui explique à la fois le choix modal et le choix d’horaires des voyageurs. Ces méthodes sont élaborées sur la base des modèles de choix discrets.Nous effectuons une modélisation de la demande des voyageurs sur la liaison Paris - Bordeaux avec des données d’enquêtes « voyageurs ». Nous montrons que les questions conçues spécifiquement dans le questionnaire sont pertinentes pour évaluer la qualité des dessertes. Cette thèse est organisée de manière suivante :Dans la première partie, nous présentons les questions de concurrence dans le marché des transports. Parmi les différentes formes de concurrence, nous nous intéressons à la concurrence intermodale. Cette partie permet de comprendre de quoi il s’agit et pourquoi cette question est importante. Il s’agit d’une partie théorique qui comprend une revue de littérature nous permettant d’élaborer notre problématique.Nous présentons, dans la deuxième partie, nos méthodes pour évaluer la qualité des dessertes: le temps utile à destination et le modèle combiné choix modal – choix d’horaires. Nous présentons aussi les principes de la théorie de choix discrets qui est la base de nos approches.Le contexte de l’offre et la demande de transport sur la liaison Paris-Bordeaux, les données utilisées et les résultats de nos modèles sont présentés dans la troisième partie. Les avantages et les inconvénients de nos méthodes sont aussi présentés dans cette partieThe high speed line (Ligne à Grande Vitesse Sud Europe Atlantique) that has been operating since July 2, 2017, reduced train travel time by 1 hour on the Paris-Bordeaux line. The expected impacts are an improvement of the competitiveness of rail transport and a modal shift from plane to train. In this thesis, we are interested in the effects of this new railway infrastructure on travellers’ modal choice behaviour. In particular, we are interested in the quality of transport timetable and their impact on the travel behaviour.The quality of transport timetable is an important issue for the various relevant stakeholders. The total number of trains or intermediate stops are not sufficient for a relevant evaluation. The objective of this doctoral thesis is to demonstrate, from the theoretical and empirical point of view, that the relevant approach must be based on activity programs and not just on transport supply.We presented indicators for a better evaluation of the effects related to the quality of transport timetable on travellers’ modal choice. The analysis begins with indicators that provide complementary information to the standard indicators to a more sophisticated model that are able to take into account the characteristics of opportunities in destination. We directed our research to a disaggregated approach while ensuring the measurability of the indicators.Two methods are presented in this thesis: indicators of useful time at destination and the combined modal choice – schedule choice model. Using the first method, we improve our knowledge of the effects related to the quality of transport timetable with a new module integrated in modal choice models. With the second method, we study the research problem with a combined model structure that explains both the modal choice and the schedule choice. These methods are developed on the basis of discrete choice models.We performed an econometric analysis of passenger demand on the Paris - Bordeaux route with "passenger" survey data. We show that the variables specifically constructed for the evaluation of the quality of transport timetable are relevant to explain the travellers’ modal choice.This thesis is organized as follows:In the first part, we present the competition issues in the transport market. Among the different forms of competition, we are interested in intermodal competition. It helps us to understand what is involved in competition questions in the transport market and why this issue is important. This theoretical part includes a literature review that helped us to elaborate our research problem.We present, in the second part, our methods to study the quality of transport timetable: the useful time at destination and the combined modal choice – schedule choice model. In this methodological part, we also present the principles based on discrete choice theory that are the basis of our analysis.The context of our case study, the data and the results are presented in the third part. The advantages and disadvantages of our method are presented in this part of this thesis
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Gayet, Guillaume. „Colonisation d'un écosystème d'eau douce hétérogène, par un oiseau d'eau herbivore : le cygne tuberculé (Cygnus olor) dans les étangs piscicoles de Dombes“. Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20119.
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Dans certains cas, la colonisation des zones humides par les espèces animales et végétales peut être une menace majeure pour la biodiversité. Il est donc primordial de mieux connaître l'écologie des espèces colonisatrices pour définir leurs relations avec le reste de l'écosystème. Nous avons étudié les conséquences de la colonisation relativement récente des étangs piscicoles français par le cygne tuberculé (Cygnus olor). Nous nous sommes intéressés à l'expression de cette colonisation dans l'espace par l'étude des processus de sélection de l'habitat. Nos résultats montrent que dans un paysage d'étangs, la répartition des cygnes tuberculés dépend à la fois de la configuration spatiale des étangs (aire isolement), des ressources disponibles et du statut de reproduction des cygnes tuberculés. Nous avons ensuite étudié les interactions entre le cygne tuberculé et les communautés animales et végétales des étangs. Sur les sites de cantonnement des couples, nous n'avons pas montré d'effet de la présence des cygnes tuberculés sur l'abondance des oiseaux d'eau, et aucune forme d'exclusion spatiale à l'échelle de l'étang. En revanche, les cygnes tuberculés peuvent générer une déplétion significative des herbiers de macrophytes aquatiques, suggérant des effets en cascade sur les autres communautés des étangs piscicoles. Comme toute perturbation générée par une espèce colonisatrice, celle associée à l'arrivée des cygnes doit néanmoins être replacée dans le contexte plus large des régimes de perturbations à l'oeuvre sur l'écosystème, ce qui importe particulièrement dans le cas d'écosystèmes aussi dépendants de l'activité humaine que les étangs piscicolesIn some cases, wetland colonization by animals and plants may be a major threat to biodiversity. It is therefore crucial to better understand the ecology of colonizing species to assess their relationships with the other elements of ecosystems. We studied the consequences of the relatively recent colonization of French fishponds by mute swan (Cygnus olor). We especially considered how such colonization now translates into space, through the analysis of habitat selection processes. Our results show that swan distribution within a fishpond landscape depends on fishpond spatial configuration (area isolation), available resources as well as mute swan breeding status. We then analysed the relationships between mute swan and fishpond animal and plant communities. Where swan pair settle, we do not demonstrate any effect of swan presence on the abundance of other waterbirds, nor any spatial exclusion within fishponds. Conversely, mute swans can signif icantly deplete aquatic macrophyte beds, suggesting cascade effects on other fishpond communities are possible. Like any perturbation caused by a colonizing species, that associated with swan arrival however has to be considered in the broader context of perturbation regimes onto the ecosystem. This is especially crucial in ecosystems like fishponds, that are so much dependent upon human activity
Bücher zum Thema "Choir competition"
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Office, General Accounting. Competitive contracting: The understandability of FAIR Act inventories was limited : report to the Chair, Subcommittee on Oversight, Investigations, and Emergency Management House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington 20013): GAO, 2000.
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Woods, Philip A. School choice and competition: Markets in the public interest. London: Routledge, 1998.
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", France Commission "Compétitivité française. France, le choix de la performance globale: Rapport de la Commission "Compétitivité française". Paris: La Documentation française, 1992.
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Rigaux, M. Labour law or social competition law?: On labour in its relation with capital through law : Francqui Chair lectures. Antwerp: Intersentia, 2009.
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Labour law or social competition law?: On labour in its relation with capital through law : Francqui Chair lectures. Antwerp: Intersentia, 2009.
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D, Wiersema Frederick, Hrsg. L' exigence du choix: Trois disciplines de valeur pour dominer ses marchés. Paris: Village mondial, 1995.
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Grand, Julian Le. The other invisible hand: Delivering public services through choice and competition. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2008.
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Ward-Steinman, Patricia Madura. Choral Pedagogy Responds to the Media. Herausgegeben von Frank Abrahams und Paul D. Head. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199373369.013.2.
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Pop choral music has changed during the 21st century due to the enormous popularity of contemporary a cappella and commercial network TV shows such as Glee, The Voice, The Choir, The Sing-Off, American Idol, and the Clash of the Choirs. Choir students watch these shows and are influenced by them in terms of vocal tone, repertoire, showmanship, and competitive spirit. What is the proper pedagogical response? Should the media shape/influence choral pedagogy, or should traditional pedagogy develop the pop-influenced singer? This chapter addresses these questions and includes viewpoints of choral teachers throughout the age and experience spectra—from first-year teachers who are very familiar with these shows to competition-winning show choir directors and leaders in the field of choral music who have witnessed the effects of these programs on choral interest, enrollment, attitudes, and achievement in school choral programs.
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Hicks, Michael. “My Tabernacle ‘Mormon’ Choir”. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039089.003.0003.
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This chapter discusses the activities of the Mormon Tabernacle Choir under the direction of its conductor, Evan Stephens. In 1890 Mormons outgrew two fads, one doctrinal, the other musical. First was the idea that the world would end between December 1890 and December 1891. This commonplace belief, which helped nurture Mormon ferocity in the face of anti-polygamy legislation, derived from a statement Joseph Smith had made in 1835. In musical terms, entering the mainstream meant full commitment to standard musical notation and a letting-go of the musical fad of the Tonic sol-fa method. In 1891, William D. Davies, Welsh cultural ambassador from the New York newspaper Y Drych, toured Utah, heard Stephens's Choir and pronounced it the best choir in the world. This chapter considers the controversies faced by the Choir during Stephens's term as well as its concerts, domestic tours, and the competitions it joined. It also examines how the Choir continued its mission of public visibility without even leaving Salt Lake City.
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Annito, Abate, und Archirpina (Association), Hrsg. Le Gambe dell'architettura: Idee per una sedia in legno : concorso di design. Napoli: CLEAN, 1992.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenBuchteile zum Thema "Choir competition"
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Shah, R. M., M. A. U. Bhuiyan, R. Debnath, M. Iqbal und A. Shamsuzzoha. „Ergonomics Issues in Furniture Design: A Case of a Tabloid Chair Design“. In Advances in Sustainable and Competitive Manufacturing Systems, 91–103. Heidelberg: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00557-7_8.
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Akhund, Tajim Md Niamat Ullah, Gunjon Roy, Animesh Adhikary, Md Ashraful Alam, Nishat Tasnim Newaz, Masud Rana Rashel und Mohammad Abu Yousuf. „Snappy Wheelchair: An IoT-Based Flex Controlled Robotic Wheel Chair for Disabled People“. In Information and Communication Technology for Competitive Strategies (ICTCS 2020), 803–12. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0882-7_71.
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Mechetti, Fábio. „Orquestra Filarmônica de Minas Gerais“. In Advances in Business Strategy and Competitive Advantage, 389–97. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7265-7.ch021.
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The lights gradually dim. Like an army of warriors dressed in black and white, one hundred musicians enter the stage under the applause of the public. They take their positions awaiting the entrance of the concertmaster, who solemnly advance to the first chair acknowledging, one more time, the applause. A sound from the Principal Oboist is heard, followed by the other musicians, looking for a common understanding, each one searching to meet the proposed “A.” Then, all stay quiet. With a determined and resolute pace, the Maestro enters the stage moving to the podium, warmly greeted by an expecting audience. The Symphony is about to start. Could it be that this moment, though, is much more than an experience of bringing to life a musical work from the past? Could this also be the utmost symbol of an ideal demonstration of society's quest for organization, functionality and purpose?
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Szopa, Anna, und Tadeusz Marek. „How Much Does the External CEO Matter in University Spin-Off?“ In Advances in Human Resources Management and Organizational Development, 24–32. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4530-1.ch002.
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Deficiency of business understanding and experience, strong industry competition, and small firm fragility are some of the most often cited arguments that justify business failure. This chapter presents the impact that top management can have on the development of new firms. The findings are based on case studies consisting out of three firms spun off from the University of Maryland and the University of Central Florida. The source data is gathered from observations, semi-structured interviews, commercial databases, as well as publicly available data. The results show that external Chair Executive Officers (CEO) positively influence the process of creation and management of university spin-offs.
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Thagard, Paul. „Consciousness“. In Brain-Mind, 158–79. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190678715.003.0008.
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Progress is being made in understanding how brain mechanisms generate conscious experience. Simple conscious experiences such as sensations of colors, shapes, and sounds require only neural representations as patterns of firing that result from sensory inputs and internal processing. More complicated conscious experiences, such as awareness of reading in a chair in a room, require the amalgamation of sensations and images into more complex representations through binding into semantic pointers. Recursive binding—bindings of bindings of bindings—can produce the most complicated kinds of conscious experience of which humans are capable, taking people from feelings to awareness to self-awareness. Consciousness is limited because recursive binding and competition among the resulting semantic pointers depend on processing by many neurons.
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Haroutounian, Joanne. „Talent as Performance“. In Kindling the Spark. Oxford University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195129489.003.0010.
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The lovely student pianist was bowing graciously to an appreciative audience of music teachers from across the country. She was the junior high winner of a national competition, and her exquisite playing and careful training was apparent. Her performance was no surprise. It was polished and well prepared. As we rustled our programs, searching for the next performer’s name, the junior high cellist awkwardly stepped on stage, tried to adjust the chair and struggled with an endpin that seemed to enjoy sliding rather than sticking to the floor. After a few uncomfortable moments, she nodded to her accompanist and began to play. This performance was a captivating surprise. From the first notes, the audience was caught up in the enthusiasm, excitement, and connection she made with her cello and the music. As she finished, with a flourished release of the bow, the audience spontaneously rose to its feet, shouting “Bravo.” This young teenager, with the simple cotton dress and awkward entrance, stood transfixed. She looked around at her fellow competition winners to see them on their feet as well. She turned, bowed slightly, and gave a shy smile of appreciation. A musician communicates through performance. The recognition of musical talent through performance makes common sense to anyone who is a musician or teacher of musicians. Music aptitude may measure musical potential, but musical talent is realized through performance. We hear it. Musical talent blends the inborn perceptive capacities of the individual with the physical ability to perform with personal interpretation. Quite simply, a musician or music teacher believes that you can determine talent if you just listen to the student play. In fact, the assessment of musical talent by listening to a performance isn’t quite that simple. It poses a number of problems because of its inherently subjective nature. Performance is a process as well as a product. It is phenomenological. The opening performance of the young cellist was captivating. Why? It could have been the audience’s surprise at hearing a brilliant performance from a student who outwardly didn’t have the trappings of a seasoned competition winner.
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Spohr, Florian. „Germany’s Labour Market Policies“. In Great Policy Successes, 283–303. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198843719.003.0015.
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Germany has become one of the most competitive economies in the world. Only a decade and a half ago it was widely derided as stagnant, and ridden by political paralysis in reforming its labour market policies. However, in 2002, the discovery of manipulated statistics in the German Employment Agency opened a window of opportunity to break the stalemate in corporatist policymaking. In response, the government convened a commission to design labour market policy reforms: the Hartz Committee, named for its chair, Peter Hartz. Including experts, politicians, and members from interest groups in the commission enabled the government to promote the ‘Hartz Reforms’ on the basis of expertise and compromise. Their focus was on creating incentives for seeking employment. Job search assistance and monitoring gained importance, whereas ineffective job creation and early retirement schemes were abolished or reduced. These activating reforms successfully tackled structural unemployment and increased the overall employment rate. Their success in strengthening economic resilience was demonstrated during the 2008 economic crisis, when in combination with other measures such as the extension of short-time work, and controlled unit labour costs, they led Germany’s labour market through the deep recession.
Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Choir competition"
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„Technical program committee chair“. In 2017 International Workshop on Electromagnetics: Applications and Student Innovation Competition (iWEM). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iwem.2017.7968757.
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Kletsov, K. G., und V. A. Parakhin. „The content of acrobatic elements in competitive exercises athletes of high qualification in the discipline of chir-freestyle-deuce chir sports“. In ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ НАУКИ И ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ. НИЦ «Л-Журнал», 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/lj-04-2018-08.
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Andreasian, K. B., und Iа A. Belova. „Comparative analysis of the structural content of competitive compositions teams finalists World Championships 2015-2017gg. by chir freestyle“. In ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ НАУКИ И ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ. НИЦ «Л-Журнал», 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/lj-04-2018-04.
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Winter, Amos G. „Stakeholder and Constraint-Driven Innovation of a Novel, Lever-Propelled, All-Terrain Wheelchair“. In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-12588.
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The Leveraged Freedom Chair (LFC) is a low-cost, all-terrain, lever-propelled wheelchair designed primarily for use in developing countries. LFC technology was conceived because 70 percent of wheelchair users in these markets live in rural areas and no currently available mobility aid enables them to travel long distances on rough terrain and maneuver in tight, indoor confines. Because developing world markets impose constraints on cost, durability, and performance, a novel solution was required to satisfy stakeholder requirements. The key innovation behind the LFC is its single speed, variable mechanical advantage lever drivetrain. The user effectively changes gear by shifting his hands along the levers; grasping near the ends increases torque, while grasping near the pivots enables a larger angular displacement with every stroke, which increases speed. The drivetrain is made from low-cost bicycle parts found throughout the developing world, which enables the LFC to be sold for $200 and be repairable anywhere. During three user trials in East Africa, Guatemala, and India, stakeholder feedback was used to refine the chair between trials, resulting in a device 9.1 kg (20 lbs) lighter, 8.9 cm (3.5 in) narrower, and with a center of gravity 12.7 cm (5 in) lower than the first iteration. Survey data substantiated increases in performance after successive iterations. Quantitative biomechanical performance data were also measured during the Guatemala and India trials, which showed the LFC to be 76 percent faster and 41 percent more efficient during a common daily commute, and able to produce 53 percent higher peak propulsion force compared to conventional, pushrim-propelled wheelchairs. The LFC offers comparable performance at less than one-twentieth the cost of off road wheelchairs available in the rich world. Stakeholder feedback and the highly-constrained environment for which the LFC was created drove the technology towards a novel, innovative solution that offers a competitive advantage in both developing and developed markets. The paper concludes with a description of how the LFC is a “constraint-driven innovation.” This idea ties together the theories of “disruptive innovation” and “reverse innovation,” and may be used as a design tool for engineers striving to create technologies that have global impact.
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Narayanamurti, V. „Frontiers in Nanoscience and Technology in the 21st Century and New Models for Research and Education at the Intersection of Basic Research and Technology“. In ASME 4th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2006-96012.
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Over the last 50 years, solid state physics and technology have blossomed through the application of modern quantum mechanics to the real world. The intimate relationship between basic research and application has been highlighted ever since the invention of the transistor in 1947, the laser in 1958 and the subsequent spawning of the computer and communications revolution which has so changed our lives. The awarding of the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physics to Alferov, Kroemer and Kilby is another important recognition of the unique interplay between basic science and technology. Such advances and discoveries were made in major industrial research laboratories — Bell Labs, IBM, RCA and others. Today many of these industrial laboratories are in decline due to changes in the regulatory environment and global economic competition. In this talk I will examine some of the frontiers in technology and emerging policy issues. My talk will be colored by my own experiences at Bell Labs and subsequently at a major U.S. national laboratory (Sandia) and at universities (University of California at Santa Barbara and Harvard). I will draw on experiences from my role as the Chair of the National Research Council (NRC) panel on the Future of Condensed Matter and Materials Physics (1999) and as a reviewer of the 2001 NRC report, Physics in a New Era. The growth rates of silicon and optical technologies will ultimately flatten as physical and economic limits are reached. If history is any guide, entirely new technologies will be created. Current research in nanoscience and nanotechnology is already leading to new relationships between fields as diverse as chemistry, biology, applied physics, electrical and mechanical engineering. Materials science is becoming even more interdisciplinary than in the past. Different fields of engineering are coming together. The interfaces between engineering and biology are emerging as another frontier. I will spend some time in exploring the frontier where quantum mechanics intersects the real world and the special role played by designer materials and new imaging tools to explore this emerging frontier. To position ourselves for the future, we therefore must find new ways of breaking disciplinary boundaries in academia. The focus provided by applications and the role of interdisciplinary research centers will be examined. Strangely, the reductionist approach inherent in nanoscience must be connected with the world of complex systems. Integrative approaches to science and technology will become more the norm in fields such as systems biology, soft condensed matter and other complex systems. Just like in nature, can we learn to adapt some of the great successes of industrial research laboratories to a university setting? I will take examples from materials science to delineate the roles of different entities so that a true pluralistic approach for science and technology can be facilitated to create the next revolution in our field.