Zeitschriftenartikel: „Children with mental disability“

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Takada, Kohei, Yoshinori Hamada, Masato Sato, Yoshimitsu Fujii, Masayuki Teraguchi, Kazumari Kaneko und Yasuo Kamiyama. „Cecal volvulus in children with mental disability“. Pediatric Surgery International 23, Nr. 10 (25.07.2007): 1011–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00383-007-1987-6.

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Pandudinata, Reza, Sumarlam Sumarlam und Kundharu Saddhono. „LANGUAGE ACQUISITION OF CHILDREN WITH MENTAL DISABILITIES IN PACITAN“. Humanus 17, Nr. 1 (20.03.2018): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/humanus.v17i1.8542.

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This research is a psycholinguistic research because it discusses about language acquisition. Focus of language acquisition will be discussed is language acquisition of child with severe mental disability, namely Angga, and a child with mild mental disability, namely Rafli. The purpose of this study is to explain the language acquisition of child with severe mental disability and a child with mild mental disability. This research is a qualitative research. The data of this research is basic vocabularies of child with severe mental disability and a child with mild mental disability. This research strategy is case study. This research was conducted at SLB YKK Pacitan. In this study, observation and questionnaires were used to collect the data. The results of this study were Angga, child with severe mental disability, understands 56 basic vocabularies of 200 basic vocabularies provided, while Rafli, a child with mild mental disability, was able to understand the 170 basic vocabularies. This is reasonable because the ability of child with severe mental disability and a child with mild mental disability has been very different. The child's "ability to understand" is reflected in the IQ of each child, if a child with mild mental disability rate ranges from 50-55 to 70, the child with severe mental disability ranges from 20-25 to 35-40, so the ability to understand this basic vocabularies is different.Keywords: psycholinguistic, language acquisition, children with mental disabilities PEMEROLEHAN BAHASA ANAK TUNAGRAHITA DI KABUPATEN PACITANAbstrakPenelitian ini merupakan penelitian psikolinguistik karena membahas salah satu objeknya, yaitu pemerolehan bahasa. Pemerolehan bahasa pada penelitian ini berfokus kepada pemerolehan bahasa anak tunagrahita berat, yaitu Angga, dan anak tunagrahita ringan, yaitu Rafli. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memaparkan pemerolehan bahasa pada anak tunagrahita berat dan anak tunagrahita ringan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Data yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini yaitu kosa kata dasar anak tunagrahita ringan dan anak tunagrahita berat. Strategi penelitian ini yaitu studi kasus. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SLB YKK Pacitan. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan metode observasi dan juga angket untuk mengumpulkan data. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu Angga, anak tunagrahita berat, mampu memahami 56 kosa kata dasar dari total 200 kosa kata dasar yang disediakan, sementara Rafli, anak tunagrahita ringan, mampu memahami 170 kosa kata dasar dari total 200 kosa kata dasar yang disediakan. Hal ini wajar karena memang kemampuan anak tunagrahita berat dan ringan tentu saja berbeda, khususnya di dalam berbahasa. “Kemampuan memahami” anak tergambar pada IQ masing-masing anak, jika IQ tunagrahita ringan berkisar antara 50-55 hingga 70, maka tunagrahita berat berkisar 20-25 hingga 35-40, sehingga kemampuan memahami kosa kata dasar ini Angga dan Rafli berbeda.Kata kunci: psikolinguistik, pemerolehan bahasa, anak tunagrahita

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Marquis, Sandra Maureen, Kimberlyn McGrail und Michael Hayes. „Mental health of parents of children with a developmental disability in British Columbia, Canada“. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 74, Nr. 2 (19.11.2019): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2018-211698.

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BackgroundThere is evidence in the literature that parents of children who have a developmental disability experience an increased risk of mental health problems.MethodsThis study used population-level administrative data from the Ministry of Health, British Columbia, Canada, to assess the mental health of parents of children who have a developmental disability compared with the mental health of parents of children who do not have a developmental disability. Population-level and individual explanatory variables available in the data were included in the models.ResultsAt a population level, the study found strong evidence that parents of children who have a developmental disability experience higher odds of depression or other mental health diagnoses compared with parents of children who do not have a developmental disability. Age of the parent at birth of the child, income and location of healthcare services were all associated with outcomes.ConclusionParents of children who have a developmental disability may be in need of programmes and services that support their mental health.

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Pratt, Helen D., und Donald E. Greydanus. „Intellectual Disability (Mental Retardation) in Children and Adolescents“. Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice 34, Nr. 2 (Juni 2007): 375–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pop.2007.04.010.

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Verd, Sergio, Marilen Batle, Eva Gimeno und Coloma Jaume. „Mental Illness, Disability and Weight Regulation in Children“. Southern Medical Journal 101, Nr. 12 (Dezember 2008): 1275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/smj.0b013e318186e6a2.

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Boat, Thomas F., Stephen L. Buka und James M. Perrin. „Children With Mental Disorders Who Receive Disability Benefits“. JAMA 314, Nr. 19 (17.11.2015): 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2015.12445.

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Berney, Tom. „Overview of learning disability in children“. Psychiatry 5, Nr. 10 (Oktober 2006): 346–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.mppsy.2006.07.005.

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Bramble, David. „Psychopharmacology in children with intellectual disability“. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 17, Nr. 1 (Januar 2011): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.bp.108.005587.

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SummaryChildren and adolescents with intellectual disability have high rates of psychiatric morbidity, the most common presentation being behavioural difficulties, especially in the context of autism. This clinical review describes the applicability of the full range of current psychopharmacological agents to the mental health difficulties commonly encountered in clinical practice in this field, with an emphasis on informing the choice of an initial ‘best fit’ single agent for the various clusters of symptoms and signs presented by individual patients. It is emphasised that the evidence base for most practice parameters in this area is extremely modest and that a high level of caution is recommended when applying this information in everyday practice. The article also discusses some of the specific difficulties and challenges encountered within the field and makes some practical suggestions for good practice.

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Shin, Ji-Hye. „Immigrant Children and Mental Disability in America, 1907-1927“. Korean Journal of American History 52 (30.11.2020): 89–134. http://dx.doi.org/10.37732/kjah.2020.52.089.

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Waldman, H. Barry, Dolores L. Cannella und Steven P. Perlman. „Mental Illness is Also A Disability—Even for Children“. Alpha Omegan 103, Nr. 1 (März 2010): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aodf.2010.02.005.

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Duri, Dian Rapika, und Dwi Yati. „GAMBARAN POLA ASUH ORANG TUA PADA ANAK RETARDASI MENTAL (INTELECTUAL DISABILITY) DI SLB BAKTI SIWI SLEMAN“. Jurnal Kesehatan Saelmakers PERDANA 1, Nr. 2 (29.09.2018): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32524/jksp.v1i2.376.

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Background of the Research:The intelectual disability of children is a condition of an abnormal intelligence function that is below average with their own inability appearing before the age of 18 years. Children with mental retardation have low development and intelligence and have difficulties in learning and adapting in the surrounding environment. Parenting patterns of children with intelectual disability is important for their development. Objective: To find out parenting patterns of children with mental retardation (intelectual disability) at SLB BaktiSiwiSleman. Method: This is a non-experimental quantitative research with descriptive approach. The sample of the research was 26 parents selected through total sampling techniques. The instrument was questionnaires. Technique of data analysis using data analysis diskritif with the method of percentage. Finding: The research found the parenting patterns of children with intelectual disability. The data analysis result of 26 respondents revealed that 16 parents (61, 5%) mostly implement authoritative/democratic parenting pattern as the parenting patterns of children with intelectual disability. Meanwhile, there are 2 parents (7, 7%) with permissive parenting patternsand there are 2 other parents implementing authoritarian parenting patterns. Conclusion: The parenting patterns of children with intelectual disability at SLB BaktiSiwiSleman show that there are 16 parents (61, 5%) of 26 parents implement authoritative parenting pattern. Kew words: Mental retardation (intelectual disability), parenting patterns, picture of caring

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Miranda, C., L. Santos, C. S. Paula, W. Ribeiro und T. Florencio. „Association between mental health problems of stunted children and common mental disorders of their mothers in Brazil: A case control study“. European Psychiatry 33, S1 (März 2016): S176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.374.

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IntroductionIn deprived environments, mental health problems for both the mother and her stunted child may be related.ObjectiveTo verify possible association between a child's nutritional and mental health status with common maternal mental disorders (and associated impairment).AimsTo contribute to management of malnutrition and mental health in low-income populations.MethodsCase-control study in which 48 malnourished children (aged 48 to 72 months) were compared with 50 eutrophic children. The child's nutritional status, the children's mental health, the maternal mental health, and the associated disability were evaluated by using the WHO criteria, the “Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire” (SDQ), the “Self-Report Questionnaire”-20 (SRQ-20), and the “Sheehan Disability Scale” (SDS), respectively. In addition, selected socio-economic aspects were considered.ResultsVariables with significant odds ratio (OR) in the univariate analysis were: maternal education (OR: 2.96, 95% CI: 1.30–6.75), number of residents in the household (OR: 0.32, 95% CI: 0.14–0.74), number of children in the household (OR: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.10–0.61), and social class (OR: 2.30, 95% CI: 1.02–5.18). The only SDQ dimension that tended to be associated with malnutrition was conduct problems (P = 0.08). The disability associated with probable common maternal mental disorders (CMD) also showed statistically significant association (P = 0.02). In the logistic regression, child malnutrition remained associated with child conduct problems and disability associated with probable CMD.ConclusionsConduct problems in stunted children are positively associated with CMD and related disability. Longitudinal studies are necessary to confirm these hypotheses.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Jones, Lynne, Alban Rrustemi, Mimoza Shahini und Aferdita Uka. „Mental health services for war-affected children“. British Journal of Psychiatry 183, Nr. 6 (Dezember 2003): 540–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/02-633.

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BackgroundIn war-affected societies it is assumed that the major mental health problem facing the population will be stress reactions.AimsTo describe the creation of a child and adolescent mental health service (CAMHS) in Kosovo after the military conflict ended in 1999, and to establish the range of problems and diagnoses that presented.MethodData were collected on 559 patients over 2 years, including their referring problems and diagnoses.ResultsStress-related disorders constituted only a fifth of the case-load in year 1. A substantial number of patients were symptom-free but attended because they had been exposed to atraumatic event, and believed it might make them ill. Non-organic enuresis and learning disability were the most common diagnoses in year 2. Many patients had a complex mix of social and psychological difficulties that did not fit conventional diagnostic categories.ConclusionsMental health services that only address traumatic stress may fail to meet the needs of war-affected children. A comprehensive, culturally appropriate CAMHS is needed to address a wide range of problems including learning disability. It should be developed through local actors, and build on existing local infrastructure. Services can also have an educational role in ‘depathologising’ normative responses.

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Gray, Kylie M., und Caroline Mohr. „Mental health problems in children and adolescents with intellectual disability“. Current Opinion in Psychiatry 17, Nr. 5 (September 2004): 365–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.yco.0000139971.60436.3c.

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Friedlander, Robin, und Steve Moss. „Mental health assessment of children and adolescents with learning disability“. Advances in Mental Health and Learning Disabilities 2, Nr. 4 (Dezember 2008): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17530180200800037.

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Kokubun, Mitsuru, Koichi Haishi, Hideyuki Okuzumi und Tomio Hosobuchi. „Factors Affecting Age of Walking by Children with Mental Retardation“. Perceptual and Motor Skills 80, Nr. 2 (April 1995): 547–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1995.80.2.547.

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The relationship between age of walking and two factors of severity of intellectual disability and clinical types (autism, Down syndrome, epilepsy, and “residual”) in children with mental retardation was investigated. Subjects were 118 children whose disabilities ranged from severe to mild. Measures by clinical type were significant, and the differences of any two clinical types except between children with epilepsy and the “residual” group were significant, but severity of intellectual disability was not significant. Most children with autism (27 subjects, 93%) walked by the normal time limit of 18 months. Only 3 children (11%) with Down syndrome began to walk within that limit, and 9 of them (33%) walked after 2 years of age. In the “residual” group (including children with epilepsy), 37 children (60%) walked within the normal limit but 15 (25%) only after 2 years of age.

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Jones, Lynne, Alban Rrustemi, Mimoza Shahini und Aferdita Uka. „Mental health services for war-affected children“. British Journal of Psychiatry 183, Nr. 06 (Dezember 2003): 540–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.183.6.540.

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Background In war-affected societies it is assumed that the major mental health problem facing the population will be stress reactions. Aims To describe the creation of a child and adolescent mental health service (CAMHS) in Kosovo after the military conflict ended in 1999, and to establish the range of problems and diagnoses that presented. Method Data were collected on 559 patients over 2 years, including their referring problems and diagnoses. Results Stress-related disorders constituted only a fifth of the case-load in year 1. A substantial number of patients were symptom-free but attended because they had been exposed to atraumatic event, and believed it might make them ill. Non-organic enuresis and learning disability were the most common diagnoses in year 2. Many patients had a complex mix of social and psychological difficulties that did not fit conventional diagnostic categories. Conclusions Mental health services that only address traumatic stress may fail to meet the needs of war-affected children. A comprehensive, culturally appropriate CAMHS is needed to address a wide range of problems including learning disability. It should be developed through local actors, and build on existing local infrastructure. Services can also have an educational role in ‘depathologising’ normative responses.

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Russell, Paul Swamidhas Sudhakar, Jacob Kochukaleekal John und Jeyaseelan L. Lakshmanan. „Family intervention for intellectually disabled children“. British Journal of Psychiatry 174, Nr. 3 (März 1999): 254–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.174.3.254.

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BackgroundResources to address the needs of parents of intellectually disabled children in developing countries are limited.AimsThe efficacy of interactive group psychoeducation on measures of parental attitude towards intellectual disability was assessed in southern India.MethodFifty-seven parents randomised to 10 weeks of experimental and control therapy were assessed using the Parental Attitude Scale towards the Management of Intellectual Disability. The pre- and post-intervention measurements were done by a single-blinded rater and compared.ResultsThe intervention group had a statistically significant increase in the outcome scores and clinical improvement in the total parental attitude score, orientation towards child-rearing, knowledge towards intellectual disability and attitude towards management of intellectual disability, but no change in attitude towards the intellectual disability subscale.ConclusionsInteractive group psychoeducation is effective for changing the attitude of parents with intellectually disabled children, and is a viable option to be developed in situations where resources are limited.

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Xiong, Nina, Li Yang, Yang Yu, Jiaxun Hou, Jia Li, Yuanyuan Li, Hairong Liu, Ying Zhang und Zhengang Jiao. „Investigation of raising burden of children with autism, physical disability and mental disability in China“. Research in Developmental Disabilities 32, Nr. 1 (Januar 2011): 306–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2010.10.003.

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Rathnakumar, D. „Play Therapy and Children with Intellectual Disability“. Shanlax International Journal of Education 8, Nr. 2 (01.03.2020): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/education.v8i2.2299.

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We are witnessing tremendous changes day by day in the educational field, and new avenues of knowledge are opened up almost daily. Innovations in behavioral psychology and educational technology would certainly balance the disparity in learning that arises due to physical, economic, and social factors. There is an ability within every child, and the potential for the education of the disabled children should be realized and recognized. The ability to play is one of the principal criteria for mental health. The teaching and learning processes have been dramatically altered by the convergence of varieties of technological, instructional, and pedagogical developments in recent times.

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Dahl, Gordon B., und Anne C. Gielen. „Intergenerational Spillovers in Disability Insurance“. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 13, Nr. 2 (01.04.2021): 116–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.20190544.

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Using a 1993 Dutch policy reform and a regression discontinuity design, we find children of parents whose disability insurance (DI) eligibility was reduced are 11 percent less likely to participate in DI themselves, do not alter their use of other government programs, and earn 2 percent more as adults. The reduced transfers and increased taxes of children account for 40 percent of the fiscal savings relative to parents in present discounted value terms. Moreover, children of treated parents complete more schooling, have a lower probability of serious criminal arrests and incarceration, and take fewer mental health drugs as adults. (JEL H53, I12, I38, J14)

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Kimura, Miyako, und Yoshihiko Yamazaki. „Having another child without intellectual disabilities: Comparing mothers of a single child with disability and mothers of multiple children with and without disability“. Journal of Intellectual Disabilities 23, Nr. 2 (28.12.2017): 216–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744629517749129.

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To investigate how having a child without a disability is related to maternal mental health and its predictors, we compared mothers of a single child with intellectual disabilities (single-child group, n = 117) and mothers of children with and without intellectual disabilities (multiple-children group, n = 457), in Japan. Compared to the multiple-children group, the single-child group had lower hope and social capital and poorer mental health; furthermore, 42.5% of them had decided not to have another child, despite desiring one. Hope was the strongest predictor of mental health in both groups but was more positively related to mental health in the multiple-children group. The fear of the possibility of the next child having a disability and receiving inadequate support were the obstacles for mothers who had decided not to have another child. Thus, greater support and more opportunities for obtaining adequate information about the implications of having another child may be needed.

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Padencheri, Seema, und Paul S. S. Russell. „Challenging Behaviours among Children with Intellectual Disability“. Journal of Learning Disabilities 6, Nr. 3 (September 2002): 253–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1469004702006003035.

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Bitova, Anna L., Anna A. Portnova, Yury P. Sivolap, Oksana A. Kolomina, Artem Yu Novikov und Timur B. Khasanov. „Analysis of the provision of mental health services in orphanages for children with neurodevelopmental disabilities in Russia“. Neurology Bulletin LII, Nr. 3 (26.01.2021): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/nb33988.

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Aim. The aim of this study was to analyze the main problems of provision of mental health services in orphanages for children with neurodevelopmental disabilities in Russia. Methods. A cohort cross-sectional study was conducted in 23 orphanages, in which 2853 pupils live. Results. There was determined a structure of psychotic disorders among children of psycho-neurological orphanages. Prevalence of mental disorders among this group was: mild intellectual disability 56 (1.96%) people, moderate intellectual disability 967 (33.89%), severe intellectual disability 1079 (37.82%), profound intellectual disability 429 (15.04%). Clinical and psychopathological examination of 1730 pupils was carried out. The most prominent problems of psychiatric care in in orphanages for children with neurodevelopmental disabilities were identified as: inconsistency of the psychiatric diagnosis and the actual condition of the child 289 (16.71%), a mismatch between the prescribed psychopharmacotherapy and the clinical picture 378 (21.85%), polypharmacy 344 (19.88%, or 35.61% of all receiving psychopharmacotherapy). Conclusion. The necessity of developing non-pharmacological approaches in tackling the problems associated with the provision of mental health services in orphanages was shown.

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Solmi, Francesca, Mariya Melnychuk und Stephen Morris. „The cost of mental and physical health disability in childhood and adolescence to families in the UK: findings from a repeated cross-sectional survey using propensity score matching“. BMJ Open 8, Nr. 2 (Februar 2018): e018729. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018729.

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ObjectiveIn the UK, families of disabled children are entitled to receive disability benefits to help meet costs associated with caring for their child. Evidence of actual costs incurred is scant, especially for mental health disability. In this study, we aimed to quantify the cost of mental and physical health disability in childhood and adolescence to families in the UK using the concept of compensating variation (CV).DesignRepeated cross-sectional survey.SettingThe UK general populationParticipants85 212 children drawn from 8 waves of the Family Resources Survey.OutcomesUsing propensity score matching we matched families with a disabled child to similar families without a disabled child and calculated the extra income the former require to achieve the same living standards as the latter, that is, their CV. We calculated the additional costs specifically associated with several definitions of mental health and physical health disability.ResultsFamilies of a child with any mental health disability, regardless of the presence of physical health comorbidity, needed an additional £49.31 (95% CI: 21.95 to 76.67) and, for more severe disabilities, an additional £57.56 (95% CI: 17.69 to 97.44) per week to achieve the same living standards of families without a disabled child. This difference was greater for more deprived families, who needed between £59.28 (95% CI: 41.38 to 77.18) and £81.26 (95% CI: 53.35 to 109.38) more per week depending on the extent of mental health disability. Families of children with physical health disabilities, with or without mental health disabilities, required an additional £35.86 (95% CI: 13.77 to 57.96) per week, with economically deprived families requiring an extra £42.18 (95% CI: 26.38 to 57.97) per week.ConclusionsMental and physical health disabilities among children and adolescents were associated with high additional costs for the family, especially for those from deprived economic backgrounds. Means testing could help achieve a more equitable redistribution of disability benefit.

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Cassar, J. R., E. S. Hales, J. G. Longhurst und G. S. Weiss. „CAN DISABILITY BENEFITS MAKE CHILDREN SICKER?“ Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 35, Nr. 6 (Juni 1996): 700–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199606000-00005.

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Tonge, Bruce, und Stewart Einfeld. „Intellectual disability and psychopathology in Australian children“. Australia and New Zealand Journal of Developmental Disabilities 17, Nr. 2 (Januar 1991): 155–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07263869100034371.

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Menezes, Michelle, Melissa F. Robinson, Christina Harkins, Eleonora Sadikova und Micah O. Mazurek. „Unmet health care needs and health care quality in youth with autism spectrum disorder with and without intellectual disability“. Autism 25, Nr. 8 (24.05.2021): 2199–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211014721.

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Research indicates that youth with autism spectrum disorder often experience unmet health care needs and receive poorer quality of care. Intellectual disability commonly co-occurs with autism spectrum disorder; however, the nature of unmet health care needs and health care quality in youth with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability have not been investigated. As such, this study sought to examine associations among co-occurring intellectual disability, unmet physical and mental health care needs, and health care quality in youth with autism spectrum disorder. Data from this study were acquired from the 2016–2018 National Survey of Children’s Health, a nationally distributed caregiver-report questionnaire. Results found that the frequency of unmet mental health care need was significantly higher among children with autism spectrum disorder with co-occurring intellectual disability than those without intellectual disability. Using a structural equation modeling approach, it was found that the total effect of co-occurring intellectual disability on composite health care quality was significant. Investigation of indirect effects indicated that unmet mental health care need mediated the relationship between co-occurring intellectual disability and health care quality. These findings suggest that youth with autism spectrum disorder and co-occurring intellectual disability may be more likely to experience unmet mental health care needs, and that their unmet mental health care needs may negatively impact their health care quality. Lay abstract The increase in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder has placed greater demands on the health care system. Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder often experience challenges accessing high-quality physical and mental health care due to characteristic social-communication deficits and behavioral difficulties, as well as high rates of complex medical and psychiatric comorbidities. Intellectual disability commonly co-occurs with autism spectrum disorder and individuals affected by this co-occurrence may have additional impairments that compound challenges accessing health care. This study investigated the relations among co-occurring intellectual disability, unmet physical and mental health care needs, and health care quality in a large, nationally distributed sample of youth with autism spectrum disorder using structural equation modeling techniques. Co-occurring intellectual disability was significantly associated with unmet mental health care needs in children with autism. In addition, unmet mental health care needs mediated the relationship between co-occurring intellectual disability and health care quality; youth with autism spectrum disorder and co-occurring intellectual disability who had a past-year unmet mental health need had significantly poorer caregiver-reported health care quality. These findings suggest that youth with autism spectrum disorder and co-occurring intellectual disability may be more likely to experience unmet mental health care needs and receive poorer quality of care than the broader autism spectrum disorder population.

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Ghosh, Subharati, Jan S. Greenberg und Marsha Mailick Seltzer. „Adaptation to a Spouse’s Disability by Parents of Adult Children With Mental Illness or Developmental Disability“. Psychiatric Services 63, Nr. 11 (November 2012): 1118–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201200014.

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Emerson, Eric, und Chris Hatton. „Mental health of children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities in Britain“. British Journal of Psychiatry 191, Nr. 6 (Dezember 2007): 493–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.107.038729.

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BackgroundFew studies have employed formal diagnostic criteria to determine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in contemporaneous samples of children with and without intellectual disabilities.AimsTo establish the prevalence of psychiatric disorders against ICD—10 criteria among children with and without intellectual disabilities, the association with social/environmental risk factors, and risk attributable to intellectual disability.MethodSecondary analysis of the 1999 and 2004 Office for National Statistics surveys of the mental health of British children and adolescents with (n=641) and without (n = 17774) intellectual disability.ResultsPrevalence of psychiatric disorders was 36% among children with intellectual disability and 8% among children without (OR=6.5). Children with intellectual disabilities accounted for 14% of all British children with a diagnosable psychiatric disorder Increased prevalence was particularly marked for autistic-spectrum disorder (OR=33.4), hyperkinesis (OR=8.4) and conduct disorders (OR=5.7). Cumulative risk of exposure to social disadvantage was associated with increased prevalence.ConclusionsA significant proportion of the elevated risk for psychopathology among children with intellectual disability may be due to their increased rate of exposure to psychosocial disadvantage.

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Patterson, Joan M., und Gayle Geber. „Preventing Mental Health Problems in Children With Chronic Illness or Disability“. Children's Health Care 20, Nr. 3 (Juni 1991): 150–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15326888chc2003_4.

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Jasielska, Aleksandra, und Marzena Buchnat. „Knowledge about the joy in children with mild intellectual disability“. Polish Psychological Bulletin 48, Nr. 2 (27.06.2017): 154–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ppb-2017-0019.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to characterize the knowledge about the joy in children with mild intellectual disability. The premises relating to mental functioning of these children suggest that this knowledge is poorer and less complex than the knowledge of their peers in the intellectual norm. The study used the authoring tool to measure children’s knowledge of emotions including the joy. This tool takes into account the cognitive representation of the basic emotions available in three codes: image, verbal, semantic and interconnection between the codes - perception, symbolization and conceptualization which perform the functions of perception, expression and understanding. The study included children with the intellectual norm (N = 30) and children with mild intellectual disability (N = 30). The obtained results mainly indicate the differences in how the happiness is understood by particular groups, to the detriment of children with disability. The character of the results is largely determined by the level of organization of knowledge about the joy and accompanying mental operations. The results will be discussed, among others, in the context of the adjustment of the programs of lasting increase of happiness for people with intellectual disability.

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Rinaldi, Martaria Rizky, und Sofia Retnowati. „Program “Mindful Parenting” untuk Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Subjektif Ibu yang Memiliki Anak Retardasi Mental“. Gadjah Mada Journal of Professional Psychology (GamaJPP) 2, Nr. 2 (20.08.2016): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/gamajpp.33362.

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Parenting child with intellectual disability is associated with physical and psychological problems that influence mother’s subjective well-being. The evidence is show that mindfulness based intervention can increase of life satisfaction, elicit positive affect, dan minimize negative affect, so that it can increase subjective well-being. The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of “Mindful parenting” program in increasing subjective well-being mother who has child with intellectual disability. This study uses a one-group pretest-posttesttt design using a double pretest. “Mindful Parenting” program was administered to ten mothers of children with intellectual disability. Participant attend 8 sessions of “Mindful parenting” program in four meeting. Analysis using Friedman test showed significance result (Fr(2) = 11.13, p< 0.05). It conclude that there was significant effect of “Mindful parenting” program on promotes subjective well-being of mothers of children with intellectual disability.

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Danforth, Scot, Laura Slocum und Jennifer Dunkle. „Turning the Educability Narrative: Samuel A. Kirk at the Intersection of Learning Disability and “Mental Retardation”“. Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities 48, Nr. 3 (01.06.2010): 180–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-48.3.180.

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Abstract It is often assumed that current disability constructs exist in conceptual isolation from one another. This article explores the tangled historical relationship between “mental retardation” and learning disability in the writings and speeches of special education pioneer Samuel A. Kirk. Beginning in the 1950s, Kirk repeatedly told an educability narrative that described children with low IQ scores as capable students worthy of instruction. However, when he tried to clearly distinguish between the new learning disability construct and the older mental retardation, Kirk altered his standard tale. True intellectual potential then shifted to the learning disability, leaving mental retardation doubly stigmatized as the disorder of educational infertility.

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Malaniiuk, Mariia. „THEORETICAL BACKGROUND OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY: POSSIBILITIES AND LIMITATIONS“. Scientific Journal of Polonia University 36, Nr. 5 (25.11.2019): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.23856/3612.

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The article is focused on the problem of disability as a general mental disease and mental retardation as a kind of intellectual disorder and possible alternative ways of teaching English as a foreign language. The authors define a mental disorder, also called a mental illness or psychiatric disorder, as a behavioral or mental pattern that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning. They claim that abilities and limitations of mentally handicapped children are presented by defining mental retardation. The article also presents the classification of mental disabilities, and a concrete type of the mental disability ̶ the mild one is characterized. It also substantiates the objective necessity that a skilled teacher should be very flexible and methodologically well prepared for teaching English as a foreign language to mentally handicapped students, using different methods tailored to their individual needs.

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McCarthy, Jane. „Children with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability“. Current Opinion in Psychiatry 20, Nr. 5 (September 2007): 472–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/yco.0b013e32821f6095.

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Rasoulian-Kasrineh, Marjan, und Seyyed-Mohammad Tabatabaei. „Virtual reality among children with mental disorders: A mini-review“. Advances in Health and Behavior 4, Nr. 1 (2021): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.25082/ahb.2021.01.004.

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Background: Mental disorders are a group of disorders that affect thinking and behavior by causing discomfort or disability to the person. Almost one in eight people aged 5 to 19 deals with these kinds of disorders and his or her growth may be significantly affected. It seems that using novel technologies in such cases are helpful. One of these advanced technologies, which has recently attracted a lot of attention in many fields such as health, is Virtual Reality. Therefore, the present study aimed to provide a brief review about the use of Virtual Reality among children with mental disorders. Methods: In this study, articles in which Virtual Reality were used among children dealing with mental disorders published during 2012 to 2021 were investigated. PsycINFO electronic databases, PubMed Google Scholar, Medline, were searched. Results: Children deal with different types of mental disorders and Virtual Reality has been used for many of them. The most common of them, in which Virtual Reality have been used and caused improvements include Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Anxiety Disorder, Conduct Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Schizophrenia Disorder, and Developmental Disability. Discussion and conclusion: According to the results, Virtual Reality is a very interesting, useful, effective and safe technology for patients dealing with mental disorders especially children and adolescence. It is actually a highly specialized technology which can provide improvement, and in some cases completely new ways of treatment for children suffering from mental disorders.

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Buckley, Sarah, Philip Dodd, Amanda Burke, Suzanne Guerin, John McEvoy und John Hillery. „Diagnosis and management of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adults with and without learning disability“. Psychiatric Bulletin 30, Nr. 7 (Juli 2006): 251–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.30.7.251.

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Aims and MethodAnecdotal evidence suggests that attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is underdiagnosed in adults and people of all ages with learning disability. This study examines the clinical practice of Irish consultant psychiatrists when assessing and treating symptoms of ADHD in children and adults with and without a learning disability. A postal questionnaire was sent to 302 consultant psychiatrists working in Ireland.ResultsNinety-seven consultants (32%) responded, 62 working in general adult psychiatry, 23 in child and adolescent psychiatry and 12 in learning disability. Overall, respondents were more confident about making a diagnosis of ADHD in people without a learning disability. Those working with children were significantly more confident in diagnosing and treating ADHD than those working with adults, irrespective of whether the patient had a learning disability.Clinical ImplicationsThere is general agreement that symptoms of ADHD exist in children and adults both with and without a learning disability. It is likely that ADHD may be undertreated in patients with learning disability, especially in the adult population.

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Chen, Sui-Qing, Shu-Dan Chen, Xing-Kai Li und Jie Ren. „Mental Health of Parents of Special Needs Children in China during the COVID-19 Pandemic“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, Nr. 24 (18.12.2020): 9519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249519.

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We assessed the mental health of parents (N = 1450, Mage = 40.76) of special needs children during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted an online survey comprising items on demographic data; two self-designed questionnaires (children’s behavioral problems/psychological demand of parents during COVID-19); and four standardized questionnaires, including the General Health Questionnaire, Perceived Social Support, Parenting Stress Index, and Neuroticism Extraversion Openness Five Factor Inventory. The results showed that there were significant differences among parents of children with different challenges. Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder were more likely to have mental health problems compared to parents whose children had an intellectual disability or a visual or hearing impairment. Behavioral problems of children and psychological demands of parents were common factors predicting the mental health of all parents. Parent–child dysfunctional interactions and parenting distress were associated with parents of children with autism spectrum disorder. Family support, having a difficult child, and parenting distress were associated with having children with an intellectual disability. It is necessary to pay attention to the parents’ mental health, provide more social and family support, and reduce parenting pressures.

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Cavalcante-Neto, Jorge Lopes, Cristiane Silvestre de Paula, Telma Maria de Menezes Toledo Florêncio und Claudio Torres de Miranda. „Disability due to maternal common mental disorders (CMDs) as a risk factor for chronic childhood malnutrition: cross-sectional study“. Sao Paulo Medical Journal 134, Nr. 3 (13.05.2016): 228–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2015.02342112.

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ABSTRACT: CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The disability associated with maternal common mental disorders (CMDs) is among the possible explanations for the association between chronic childhood malnutrition and CMDs. CMDs may impair the mother's ability to perform her role, particularly in deprived environments. The present study aimed to evaluate whether disability relating to CMDs could be part of the pathway of the association between childhood malnutrition and maternal CMDs. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study conducted in two institutions: one for malnourished children and another for eutrophic children living in a low-income community in the state of Alagoas, Brazil. METHOD: The cases consisted of 55 malnourished children aged from 12 to 60 months who were attending a nutritional rehabilitation center, with height-for-age z-scores < 2. The controls were 70 eutrophic children of the same age who were attending a day care center in the same area as the cases. The Self-Report Questionnaire made it possible to identify likely cases of maternal CMD. The Sheehan Disability Scale enabled evaluation of the associated disability. RESULTS: Chronic childhood malnutrition was significantly associated with maternal disability relating to CMDs (OR = 2.28; 95% CI: 1.02-5.1). The best logistic regression model using chronic childhood malnutrition as the dependent variable included the following independent variables: higher number of people living in the household; absence of the biological father from the household; and maternal disability relating to CMDs. CONCLUSIONS: If confirmed, the association between chronic childhood malnutrition and maternal disability relating to CMDs may be useful in helping to identify the causal chain between childhood malnutrition and maternal CMDs and to indicate environmental risk factors associated with chronic childhood malnutrition.

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Kovac, Milena. „Some specificities of rehabilitation of children with special needs“. Medical review 58, Nr. 9-10 (2005): 483–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns0510483k.

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Introduction Children with special needs (with psychophysical developmental disabilities) need rehabilitation in order to live as independent life as possible. The aim of this study was to determine the amount of certain kinds of rehabilitation in children with special needs. Material and methods The study included three groups of children (total of 99 children) hospitalized at the department for extended treatment of the rehabilitation center for children. All children have mental, physical or combined disabilities, as a result of chronic disease. Treatment type and the amount (and also involvement in special schools) depended on the disability Analysis of sex distribution showed male predominance. Most children (59 of them) were aged 0 - 7 (59.6%) and there were 40 children 8-17 (40.4%) years old. Results Most of the subject were involved in: occupational therapy 93 (36.8%). kinesitherapy 47 subjects (18.6%), psychomotor therapy 46 (18.2%), speech therapy 35 (13.8%), and medical therapy 32 (12.6%). School children were mostly with mental disability.

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Koutsobina, Vasiliki, Victoria Zakopoulou, Eftychia Tziaka und Vasilios Koutras. „Evaluating fine perceptual-motor skills in children with mild intellectual disability“. Advances in Developmental and Educational Psychology 3, Nr. 1 (2021): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.25082/adep.2021.01.003.

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Over the years, several studies have indicated that delay in perceptual-motor development and impaired motor organization is strongly associated with the level of cognitive functioning and performance in children. The aim of the present research study was to assess the fine perceptual-motor skills of children with mild intellectual disability 7-9-years-old and the comparison of their performance with two groups of typically developing children with the same chronological and a corresponding mental age. Our research sample consisted of 129 children between the ages of four and nine years whilst the experimental group had a total of 43 children (7-9-years-old) with mild intellectual disability. As an assessment tool of fine perceptual-motor skills we used a battery of tasks constructed in accordance with other commonly used standardized tests that measure psychomotor abilities. Furthermore, several comparisons were carried out in order to investigate our experimental hypotheses. Overall, our results revealed that children with mild intellectual disability scored lower in the tasks compared to typically developing children of equal chronological age but significantly higher than the group of typically developing children of the same mental age (preschoolers). The results of the psychometric properties of our designed tasks (reliability, validity) verify the high-quality psychometric characteristics of the designed tool.

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Erskine, H. E., T. E. Moffitt, W. E. Copeland, E. J. Costello, A. J. Ferrari, G. Patton, L. Degenhardt, T. Vos, H. A. Whiteford und J. G. Scott. „A heavy burden on young minds: the global burden of mental and substance use disorders in children and youth“. Psychological Medicine 45, Nr. 7 (23.12.2014): 1551–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291714002888.

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BackgroundMental and substance use disorders are common and often persistent, with many emerging in early life. Compared to adult mental and substance use disorders, the global burden attributable to these disorders in children and youth has received relatively little attention.MethodData from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 was used to investigate the burden of mental and substance disorders in children and youth aged 0–24 years. Burden was estimated in terms of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), derived from the sum of years lived with disability (YLDs) and years of life lost (YLLs).ResultsGlobally, mental and substance use disorders are the leading cause of disability in children and youth, accounting for a quarter of all YLDs (54.2 million). In terms of DALYs, they ranked 6th with 55.5 million DALYs (5.7%) and rose to 5th when mortality burden of suicide was reattributed. While mental and substance use disorders were the leading cause of DALYs in high-income countries (HICs), they ranked 7th in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to mortality attributable to infectious diseases.ConclusionsMental and substance use disorders are significant contributors to disease burden in children and youth across the globe. As reproductive health and the management of infectious diseases improves in LMICs, the proportion of disease burden in children and youth attributable to mental and substance use disorders will increase, necessitating a realignment of health services in these countries.

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Homan, Kristin J., Jan S. Greenberg und Marsha R. Mailick. „Generativity and Well-Being of Midlife and Aging Parents With Children With Developmental or Mental Health Problems“. Research on Aging 42, Nr. 3-4 (07.11.2019): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0164027519884759.

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Parents who have a child with a developmental problem or mental disorder often provide support and assistance to their child throughout their lives, and the burden of caregiving can have an adverse impact on parents’ mental and physical health. Using Erikson’s theory as a framework, the present study investigated generativity as a moderator of the effects of parenting a child with a disability on parents’ well-being during mid- to late life. Using data from the study of Midlife in the United States, we identified 220 parents who had a child with a disability and 3,784 parents whose children did not have a disability. Regression analyses showed that the effect of parenting a child with a disability on negative affect, positive affect, and physical health was conditional on both parental gender and generativity, with mothers experiencing greater adverse effects of parenting but showing a benefit from high levels of generativity.

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Westbom, Lena, und Ragnhild Kornfält. „Chronic Illness among Children in a Total Population“. Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine 15, Nr. 2 (Juni 1987): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/140349488701500206.

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The prevalence of chronic illness of all 60800–15-year-old children in a defined geographical area in southern Sweden was studied. Information on the health status of the children was obtained from health and medical records, interviews with the district and school nurses and questionnaires to the parents. Chronic illness was defined as a disability interfering with normal life and/or demanding treatment for at least three months during the year 1981 and was revealed in 510 children corresponding to the period prevalence 84/1000 with 95% confidence interval (CI) 60–108/1000. Boys predominated. 131 children suffered from more than one disease. Chronic illness caused severe disability in 40 children, moderate in 113 and mild in 357 children. Atopic disorders were the leading cause of chronic illness (34/1000 with 95% CI 29–39/1000). Mental and nervous system disorders and congenital malformations were the most frequent causes of severe disability. Prevalence figures for the different diagnoses in relation to disability level, sex and age are presented.

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Sit, Cindy H. P., Koenraad J. Lindner und Claudine Sherrill. „Sport Participation of Hong Kong Chinese Children with Disabilities in Special Schools“. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 19, Nr. 4 (Oktober 2002): 453–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.19.4.453.

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The purpose was to examine sport participation (excluding physical education classes) of school-aged Chinese children with disabilities attending special schools in Hong Kong. A sample of 237 children, ages 9 to 19, attending 10 special schools in Hong Kong, responded to a sport participation questionnaire in individual interviews. Data were analyzed by gender, two school levels, and five disability types. Results relating to participation frequency and extent indicated that girls were significantly less active than boys. Children with physical disability, visual impairment, and mental disability were less active than children with hearing impairment and maladjustment. Children with different types of disabilities varied in their participation patterns and choices of physical activities as well as their motives for sport participation, nonparticipation, and withdrawal. We concluded that disability type is more related to children’s participation behaviors in sport and physical activities than to gender and school level.

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Oti-Boadi, Mabel. „Exploring the Lived Experiences of Mothers of Children With Intellectual Disability in Ghana“. SAGE Open 7, Nr. 4 (Oktober 2017): 215824401774557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244017745578.

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This study explored the experiences of mothers of children with intellectual disability in Ghana. Specifically, the study sought to determine the challenges and coping strategies associated with raising a child with intellectual disability. Using the phenomenological approach, 11 mothers were purposively selected from mothers whose children attended a “special” school. Semistructured interviews were used to collect data on the experiences of mothers of children with intellectual disability. Data were analyzed and interpreted into six themes including emotional reactions, caregiving challenges, societal reactions, knowledge of the condition, perceived cause of the condition, and coping strategies. The findings of the study demonstrate that being a mother of a child with intellectual disability is beset with several negative experiences of stress; however, mothers recounted the valuable nature of their coping strategies including spiritual beliefs, support, and hope in raising their children with intellectual disability. This study highlighted the challenging nature of having a child with intellectual disability and the beneficial roles of coping strategies in helping mothers traverse the caregiving journey with their children. This study provides relevant information for mental health practice, policy, and research, and serves as a guide in developing intervention programs for parents of children with intellectual disability in Ghana.

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Hashim, NT, B. Gobara und I. Ghandour. „Periodontal Health Status of A Group of (Non-Institutionalized) Mentally Disabled Children in Khartoum State“. Journal of Oral Health and Community Dentistry 6, Nr. 1 (Januar 2012): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/johcd-6-1-10.

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ABSTRACT Aim The aim of this study is to assess the periodontal health status and its determinants among a group of mentally disabled children in Khartoum State and to compare it with a control group of children of normal intelligence. Methods Thirty seven mentally disabled children aged 8-10 years were examined at five centres of mentally disabled children in Khartoum State. A control group with normal intelligence quotient of a similar age and socioeconomic status was selected from schools nearby the centres visited. Both mentally disabled children and the children in the control group were examined for their plaque index, gingival index and periodontal pocket depth. A comparison was made between the mentally disabled children and the healthy children as well as between the subgroups of the mentally disabled children (mild, moderate, and severe). Questionnaires concerning the degree of mental disability, level of parent education, role of parents toward child oral health, were also used. Results The results revealed that the mentally disabled children showed higher scores of plaque and gingival index (1.9, 1.7 respectively) when compared with the plaque and gingival index of the control group (0.6, 0.6 respectively). No increase in gingival sulcus depth in both study and control group was found. According to the degree of mental disability there was statistically significant difference in plaque and gingival index among the mild, moderate and severe subgroups (P=0.001), the plaque and gingival index tend to increase with the severity of mental retardation. Conclusion. Mentally disabled children showed more plaque when compared with healthy controls. Periodontal disease was more prevalent among mentally disabled children as presented in the form of gingivitis and the degree of severity depends on the degree of mental disability.

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Bass, Nick, und David Skuse. „Genetic testing in children and adolescents with intellectual disability“. Current Opinion in Psychiatry 31, Nr. 6 (November 2018): 490–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/yco.0000000000000456.

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Datta, Soumitra Shankar, Paul Swamidhas Sudhakar Russell und Seetha Cookemane Gopalakrishna. „Burden among the Caregivers of Children with Intellectual Disability“. Journal of Learning Disabilities 6, Nr. 4 (Dezember 2002): 337–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146900470200600401.

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