Thematische Bibliographien / Chalan bil

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Chalan bil“

Autor: Grafiati
Veröffentlicht am 18. Mai 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Chalan bil"

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Vega-Vilca, Jaime Fernando, Rufino Maximo Maguiña-Maza, Johnny Gregorio Cipriano Bautista und Claudio Andrés Vega-Cadillo. „Modelos no lineales para la descripción del crecimiento de cuyes (Cavia porcellus) de saca temprana“. Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú 34, Nr. 4 (25.08.2023): e24409. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v34i4.24409.

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El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar los modelos no lineales Gompertz, logístico, Von Bertalanffi y Richards para hallar el modelo que mejor describa el crecimiento de cuyes de saca temprana. La investigación se desarrolló en una granja comercial de cuyes de raza Perú ubicada en la provincia de Huaura, Perú. Se utilizaron 10 machos y 12 hembras que fueron pesados periódicamente desde el nacimiento hasta los 69 días. La alimentación fue básicamente con forraje verde (maíz chala). El grado de ajuste de los modelos no lineales del peso y edad de los animales fue evaluado a través del cuadrado medio del error (CME) y los criterios Akaike (AIC) y Bayesiano (BIC). El modelo no lineal logístico fue el que mejor describió el crecimiento de los cuyes alimentados con forraje verde y permitió elaborar el estándar de crecimiento a la saca temprana.
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Machovec, George. „Big Deal Journal Packages‐‐What’s Next“. Charleston Advisor 20, Nr. 4 (01.04.2019): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.5260/chara.20.4.3.

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3

Turner, Rachel. „Bloomsbury Design Library“. Charleston Advisor 21, Nr. 2 (01.10.2019): 11–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5260/chara.21.2.11.

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Bloomsbury Design Library (BDL) provides information, much of it scholarly, on art, artists, and architecture from 1500 BCE to the present. It offers access to books published by Bloomsbury Publishing, and also information about certain museums and their exhibits and some images of items in these collections. The site also offers tools for educators, such as lesson plans and bibliographic guides. The site has a clear layout that is consistent across most pages and the content seems to be abundant. However, on closer inspection the content is less robust than it appears; it is repeated in various forms throughout the website. On the plus side, this makes things more discoverable; for example, someone looking for Southern African design can find it more easily in the “place” category than by searching through the entire Bloomsbury Encyclopedia of Design. On the downside, the redundancy makes it difficult to remember where one is on the site, as the same thing can be seen multiple times and there is sometimes a lack of sufficient breadcrumbs to show users how they got to a particular page. In addition, some of the topics have only one to three items on their pages. Though it is valuable to have access to entire scholarly books such as the abovementioned encyclopedia and the overall design of the website is clear and pleasing, the lack of varied content and the insufficient use of breadcrumbs keep BDL from reaching its full potential.
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Abubakar, Abdusssamad, Sanusi Magaji, Ahmad Razi Othman und Ibrahim Sabo. „Primary Growth Models Investigation of Pseudomonas nitroreducens Growth on Octylphenol Polyethoxylates“. Journal of Environmental Microbiology and Toxicology 11, Nr. 1 (30.06.2023): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.54987/jemat.v11i1.843.

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This study evaluated the degradation of octylphenol polyethoxylates by Pseudomonas nitrore-ducens TX1 using secondary kinetics analysis. Nonlinear kinetic regression was employed through the utilization of curve-fitting software in order to fit the digitized growth degradation data. A comprehensive analysis was conducted using various statistical metrics including root-mean-square error (RMSE), adjusted coefficient of determination (adjR2), bias factor (BF), accu-racy factor (AF), corrected AICc (Akaike Information Criterion), Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), and Hannan-Quinn information criterion (HQC). The accuracy and statistical analysis of the kinetic models used showed that only the Huang, Baranyi Roborts, modified Gompertz, Bu-chanan-3-phase, modified Richards and Von Bertalanffy model fit the data, with modified Logis-tics having the best model with low RMSE and AICc values, highest adjusted R2 values, and Bias Factor and Accuracy Factor values closest to unity. The calculated values for the modified Logis-tics constant maximum growth rate (m), maximum growth value (A) and lag period (l), were 0.179 (h-1), 2.199 and 13.015 h, respectively. Growth curve of the bacterium on varying concen-trations of this compound can then be modelled using this model and the maximum growth rate value can be utilized for secondary modelling works further revealing important parameters.
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Machovec, George. „UC Flexes Muscles with Elsevier in Big Deal Contract“. Charleston Advisor 20, Nr. 3 (01.01.2019): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.5260/chara.20.3.3.

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6

Chitta, Kasyapa, Kiersten M. Miles, Pushpankur Ghoshal, Leighton Stein, Morton Coleman, Richard R. Furman, Hofmeister Craig, Suzanne Hayman, Kelvin P. Lee und Asher Alban Chanan-Khan. „At-101 Induces Apoptosis Waldenström Macroglobulinemia Cells Resistant to Bortezomib.“ Blood 114, Nr. 22 (20.11.2009): 2861. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.2861.2861.

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Abstract Abstract 2861 Poster Board II-837 Bcl-2 protein family has the unique capability to balance between the cell survival and death by regulating the expression of its individual members. AT-101 is a BH3 mimetic and a potent inducer of noxa and puma, the natural ligands of BH3 family proteins. It is known to bind and inhibit the anti-apoptotic functions of Bcl-2 family members Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL and Mcl-1. In vitro it has been shown to induce apoptosis in several tumor models systems including multiple myeloma. In this report we investigated the effect of AT-101 on a model cell line, BCWM.1 (a known WM cell line, BCWM.1/WT), representing Waldenström Macroglobulinemia. This disease is characterized by the presence of lymphoplasmacytic cells in the bone marrow and the secretion of IgM monoclonal protein into the serum. Several conventional therapies are available but the disease remains incurable. Therefore there remains a need to develop new therapies for this orphan disease. Recently, bortezomib (a proteasomal inhibitor) has shown promising anti-WM activity with enhanced responses when combined with traditional therapies. But continued treatment with bortezomib result in the development of resistance in the clinic. We developed an in vitro model of bortezomib resistance from BCWM.1 (hereafter referred as BCWM.1/BR). These cells also developed cross resistance to conventional therapies used for WM such as fludarabine and doxorubicin. Biological characterization of this cell line demonstrated Bcl-2 as a potentially important therapeutic target. We therefore assessed the effect of AT-101 to identify preclinically if this could be a potential clinical strategy in future. AT-101 induced a dose and time dependent inhibition in the viability of both BCWM.1/WT as well as BCWM.1/BR cells. Cell death was observed at as low as 1uM concentration of AT-101 and at 10uM a maximum of 50-70% death was observed by 24h. While BCWM.1/WT cells showed a significant death at 12h, treatment with AT-101 induced cell death in BCWM.1/BR cells as early as 6h. These results indicate that AT-101 induced a potent and quick inhibition in viability in BCWM.1/BR cells as compared to their parental wild type cells. Investigation into the mechanism of cell death showed that AT-101 induced apoptosis in a mitochondrial dependent pathway in these cells. A comparative analysis of the signal transduction pathways operated in BCWM.1/WT and BCWM.1/BR cells showed that many of the cellular activation and survival pathways such as AKT, ERK1/2 that are present in BCWM.1 cells are inhibited in the resistant cells. Interestingly, BCWM.1/BR cells expressed a fivefold increase in the Bcl-2 protein as compared to BCWM.1/WT cells suggesting a Bcl-2 dependent survival of these cells in the absence of other cellular activation and survival signals. Increased susceptibility of BCWM.1/BR cells to AT-101 thus can be understood to be a direct consequence of an increased expression of Bcl-2 and a dependence of the resistant cells on Bcl-2 family of anti-apoptotic proteins for their survival. Results presented in this report suggest that AT-101 has a unique therapeutic potential against Waldenström Macroglobulinemia that is independent of resistance to bortezomib. These observations highlight bcl-2 as a potential target, and AT-101 as possible therapeutic avenue for WM patients. Disclosures: Chanan-Khan: Celgene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Millennium: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Immunogen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau.
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Chitta, Kasyapa, Jean-Gabriel Coignet, Sakina Sojar, Pushpankur Ghoshal, Kiersten M. Miles, Leighton Stein, Morton Coleman et al. „Induced Resistance to Bortezomib in Preclinical Model of Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia Is Associated with Bcl-2 Upregulation.“ Blood 114, Nr. 22 (20.11.2009): 4919. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.4919.4919.

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Abstract Abstract 4919 Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM) is characterized by the presence of lymphoplasmacytic cells in the bone marrow and the secretion of IgM monoclonal antibody in the serum. Several conventional therapies are available but the disease remains incurable. Recently, bortezomib (a proteasomal inhibitor) has shown promising anti-WM activity with enhanced responses when combined with traditional therapies. Resistance to bortezomib therapy is an important event that is associated with continued treatment. In order to understand the mechanism of bortezomib resistance in WM we exposed BCWM.1 (a known WM cell line) in vitro to increasing concentrations of bortezomib over prolonged periods of time and isolated the bortezomib resistant clone (BCWM.1/BR). This clone was compared with its parent wild type cell line (BCWM.1/WT). Investigation to understand the susceptibility of BCWM.1/Br cells to various therapeutic agents showed that these cells are resistant to many of the agents such as melaphalan, fludarabine or doxorubicin. Interestingly, verapamil, a broad spectrum inhibitor of multidrug resistance, failed to reverse the resistance induced by bortezomib indicating that bortezomib resistance is not because of an activation of multidrug resistance in these cells. While BCWM.1/WT cells showed an IC50 of 7.8nM when treated for 72h with bortezomib, the BCWM.1/BR cells were not inhibited at any concentration of the compound up to 100nM. Furthermore, the cells with the acquired resistance showed a 4 fold increase in the proteasomal activity as measured by the release of a fluorescent product (7-Amino-4-methylcoumarin (AMC)) from its peptide substrate, suc-LLVY-AMC. Biochemical analysis further revealed that many of the proteasomal components are altered in BCWM.1/BR cells as compared to their parental control cells. Interestingly, protein levels of two of the proteasomal catalytic subunits, PSMB5 and PSMB9 are upregulated in resistant cells suggesting a reason for the enhanced proteasomal activity of these cells. The resistant cells showed an altered gene expression profile that indicates a transformation of the parental wild type cell line to acquire resistance. A comparative analysis of the signal transduction pathways operated in these cells showed that many of the activation and cell survival pathways that are present in BCWM.1 cells are inhibited in the resistant cells. For example, BCWM.1 cells show a constitutive activation of AKT and ERK1/2 which are inhibited in the resistant cells thus making them insensitive to the inhibitors of these pathways. Similarly, HSP27 which was earlier shown to contribute to bortezomib induced resistance was completely inhibited in BCWM.1 resistant cells. Interestingly, there is an increase in Bcl-2 protein in BCWM.1/BR cells as compared to WT cells indicating that the resistant cells might be dependent on Bcl-2 family for their survival. Inhibition of Bcl-2 induced potent apoptosis in BCWM.1/BR cells. Thus the results presented here indicate that acquired bortezomib resistance in BCWM.1 cells alters their proteasomal activity, cellular signaling pathways to make them resistant to many of the known therapies but these cells retain the Bcl-2 mediated pathway for targeting thus inhibitors of Bcl-2 may be used in therapy against bortezomib-resistant WM. Disclosures Chanan-Khan: Celgene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Millennium: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Immunogen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau.
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Beck, Thomas J. „Gale Primary Sources: Indigenous Peoples of North America, Part II, The Indian Rights Association, 1882‐1986“. Charleston Advisor 24, Nr. 4 (01.04.2023): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5260/chara.24.4.41.

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Indigenous Peoples of North America is included in the Gale Primary Sources series and is in two parts. This database, The Indian Rights Association, 1882‐1986, is the second of the two. The Indian Rights Association (IRA) is the first organization to address American Indian rights and interests, and this collection includes its organizational records; incoming and outgoing correspondence; annual reports; draft legislation; photographs; administrative files; pamphlets, publications, and other print materials (including documents from the Council on Indian Affairs and other American Indian organizations); and manuscripts and research notes on Indian traditions, both social and cultural. Founded in 1882 by White philanthropists, the IRA's initial approach to American Indians was both assimilationist and paternalistic, leading it to advocate for the detribalization of America's Indigenous peoples, maintaining it would improve their social and economic status. Nevertheless, it was one of the first organizations to report on and expose the corruption of federal government officials tasked with working with and for American Indians. Eventually, the IRA would discard assimilationism and work with other, newer, occasionally Indian-run organizations such as the Association on American Indian Affairs, the Society of American Indians, and the National Indian Defense Association. The IRA sought to debunk misconceptions and half-truths about American Indians and their condition in the United States, which were too often the basis for policy and legislation related to Native Americans. It also sent association representatives to Indian reservations to make note of local conditions there, not only to evaluate the actions of the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) but also to provide background information for legislation related to Indigenous peoples.This database's search functions often produce results relevant to the query submitted, and both its search and browse functions can be navigated with relative ease. This database can be subscribed to or purchased with an annual hosting fee. The purchase price, based on a variety of factors, can start as low as $2,796 for public libraries or $3,994 for academic libraries, with starting annual hosting fees of $22 and $32, respectively. Whether institutions find this pricing reasonable depends on their need for the materials covered by the Indigenous Peoples of North America collection. The licensing agreement for this database is too long and detailed but standard in its composition and therefore is of no concern.
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Ailawadhi, Sikander, Victoria R. Alegria, Salman Ahmed, Betsy Laplant, Alak Manna, Ricardo Parrondo, Vivek Roy et al. „Phase I Study of a Novel Bcl-2 Inhibitor, at-101 in Combination with Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone in Patients with Relapsed and/or Refractory Multiple Myeloma (RRMM)“. Blood 134, Supplement_1 (13.11.2019): 3137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-128610.

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Background: The development of novel treatment strategies has extended the median survival of MM to nearly a decade but the disease remains incurable and relapse is inevitable. The Bcl-2 pathway is highly relevant to MM cell survival and can be mitigated therapeutically. AT-101 is a novel, orally available pan Bcl-2 inhibitor (Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, Mcl-1, and Bcl-w). Preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies showed that AT-101 enhanced cytotoxicity of lenalidomide-dexamethasone (Rd). We conducted a phase I study in RRMM patients to establish the effective dose of AT-101 with Ld as well as record safety and preliminary efficacy of this combination (NCT02697344). Methods: Key eligibility criteria included: RRMM with measurable disease (serum monoclonal protein ≥1.0 g/dL or urine monoclonal protein >200mg/24 hour or serum immunoglobulin free light chain >10mg/dL AND abnormal serum free light chain ratio). Patients must have received 1-3 prior treatment regimens and have an absolute neutrophil count ≥1.0 x 109, platelets 75 x 109, creatinine clearance ≥50 mL/min, and ECOG performance status ≤2. AT-101 dosing was designed to reach a maximum daily target of 20mg (Cohort 1; 10 mg PO QD, Cohort 2; 20 mg PO QD) utilizing a standard 3 +3 dose escalation design in combination with standard doses of Rd. Treatment was given as outpatient for a maximum of 12, 28-day cycles. For pharmacodynamic studies, AT-101 alone was given in cycle 1, with R (25 mg on days 1-21) and d (40 mg weekly) added cycle 2 onwards. Results: Enrolled patients (n=10) included 60% males with median age 68.5 years (range 55-75) and median time since MM diagnosis 4.5 years (range 0.6-8.3). MM ISS stage was II/III in 7 patients and 8/10 had high-risk cytogenetics with 4 each having del17p and 1q+. Only 1 patient had t(11;14).Patients had received median 2 prior lines of therapy (range 1-3), with 7 having had prior autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) and the initial induction regimen being bortezomib (V), R and dexamethasone (d) (VRd) in 8, Rd in 1 and cyclophosphamide (C) with Vd (VCd) in 1 patient. At the time of study entry, 3 patients were R refractory while 2 were refractory to both, V and daratumumab (Dara). Median duration of treatment was 7.5 cycles (range 2-12) and 3 patients completed all planned 12 cycles of treatment. Among the evaluable patients, dose limiting toxicities (DLTs) at 20 mg daily dose of AT-101 with 25 mg of R and 40 mg weekly included one patient with grade 4 febrile neutropenia and grade 4 neutropenia lasting 9 days and one patient with grade 4 thrombocytopenia lasting 8 days. G3/4 adverse events (AEs) included atrial flutter (n=1), white blood cell count decrease (n=3), neutropenia (n=5), febrile neutropenia (n=1) and thrombocytopenia (n=2), and back pain (n=1) . No G3/4 non-hematological AEs were noted. Any grade non-hematologic AEs seen in at least 20% (n=2) patients included fatigue (n=9), neuropathy (n=6), nausea (n=3), diarrhea (n=5), constipation (n=3), and creatinine increased (n=2). No patients experienced tumor lysis syndrome. Overall response rate (ORR) was 44% (2 each with very good partial response, VGPR and PR) and clinical benefit rate (CBR) was 89% with 2 additional patients showing minor response (MR) and 2 experiencing stable disease (SD) (Fig 1). Patients with high-risk disease had an ORR of 43% and a CBR of 100%. Median progression-free survival (PFS) for all patients was 8.1 months. Correlative analysis from patients who showed an objective response to treatment revealed a significant increase in bone marrow Th-effector cells, NK cells and cytotoxic CD8+ T-cells along with a significant decrease in immunosuppressive T-regulatory and B-regulatory cells was noted after 1 complete cycle of the combination therapy (p<0.05, Fig 2). Conclusions: This is the first reported clinical trial combining a Bcl-2 inhibitor with immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) in MM. AT-101-Rd is a clinically active regimen with an ORR of 40% in predominantly high-risk RRMM patients with an acceptable toxicity profile. Additional patients with MM experienced clinical benefit despite refractory status to prior therapy in this early phase clinical trial. These early findings support the further investigation of AT-101 specifically, and Bcl-2 inhibitors in general, with IMiDs in patients with MM. Disclosures Ailawadhi: Celgene: Consultancy; Amgen: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Research Funding; Cellectar: Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Research Funding; Takeda: Consultancy. Chanan-Khan:Xencor: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Research Funding; Merck: Research Funding; Jansen: Research Funding; Mayo Clinic: Employment; Ascentage: Research Funding; Millennium: Research Funding; AbbVie: Research Funding. OffLabel Disclosure: AT-101 is not currently FDA-approved for treatment of any condition.
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Ghoshal, Pushpankur, Kasyapa Chitta, Slavoljub Vujcic, Jacquelyne Gaddy, Kiersten M. Miles, Leighton Stein, Taimur Sher, Kelvin P. Lee und Asher A. Chanan-Khan. „Mapatumumab, A TRAIL Receptor 1 Agonist Antibody, Induces Apoptosis in Bortezomib Resistant Multiple Myeloma.“ Blood 114, Nr. 22 (20.11.2009): 2832. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.2832.2832.

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Abstract Abstract 2832 Poster Board II-808 Bortezomib, a novel proteasomal inhibitor, is an important treatment for patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Despite its clinical success, acquired resistance to bortezomib is an unresolved challenge experienced in the clinic. Limited therapeutic options are available for patients with bortezomib resistant disease and novel therapies are urgently required to target bortezomib resistant MM. In this report, we evaluated the efficacy of Mapatumumab, a fully human agonistic antibody that targets and activates the tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor-1, on MM cell lines. Myeloma cell lines OPM2, KMS11 and U266 wild type (WT) and their respective bortezomib resistant (BR) derivatives were utilized to investigate the efficacy of mapatumumab to overcome bortezomib resistance. Biochemical analyses showed BR cells to have a higher proteasomal activity with cross-resistance to many of the conventional therapeutic agents. Treatment of both WT and BR cells with mapatumumab resulted in a significant (p<0.005) inhibition in their viability by 24h, compared to cells treated with the control antibody. Inhibition of tumor cell viability varied between 20-70%, depending on the cell line. The inhibitory response was higher in WT cells, as compared to the BR cells. Annexin-V staining of mapatumumab treated cells showed the decrease in viability was due to the induction of apoptosis. Immunoblot analyses revealed that mapatumumab treatment resulted in the activation of caspase-8 and caspase-3, suggesting activation of the extrinsic apoptosis pathway in the presence of the antibody. A pan caspase inhibitor, z-vad-fmk (at 25mM), blocked apoptosis induced by mapatumumab. Investigation into the effect of mapatumumab on intracellular signaling showed that treatment with the antibody inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT, and ERK1/2, as well as the expression of Bcl-2 in these cells as early as 4h post-treatment. This suggests mapatumumab treatment affects cellular proliferation and survival pathways. Furthermore, combined treatment of MM cells with mapatumumab and bortezomib resulted in enhanced cell killing compared to mapatumumab or bortezomib alone in both WT and BR cells, thus indicating that there a co-operation in apoptosis signaling induced by these agents. Results presented in this report suggest that TRAIL-R1 mediated apoptosis can be exploited as a therapeutic option in bortezomib resistant MM and warrant clinical evaluation of mapatumumab in bortezomib resistant MM. Disclosures: Chanan-Khan: Celgene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Millennium: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Immunogen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau.
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Dissertationen zum Thema "Chalan bil"

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Ghosh, Jiban Kumar. „Uttar o Dakshin Dinajpure abhibhasita chalan bil anchaler janaganer kathyabhasha : ekti bhashatattik samiksha উত্তর ও দক্ষিণ দিনাজপুরে অভিবাসিত চলন বিল অঞ্চলের জনগনের কথ্যভাষা : একটি ভাষাতাত্ত্বিক সমীক্ষা“. Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1759.

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Hanley, John P. „A New Evolutionary Algorithm For Mining Noisy, Epistatic, Geospatial Survey Data Associated With Chagas Disease“. ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2017. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/727.

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The scientific community is just beginning to understand some of the profound affects that feature interactions and heterogeneity have on natural systems. Despite the belief that these nonlinear and heterogeneous interactions exist across numerous real-world systems (e.g., from the development of personalized drug therapies to market predictions of consumer behaviors), the tools for analysis have not kept pace. This research was motivated by the desire to mine data from large socioeconomic surveys aimed at identifying the drivers of household infestation by a Triatomine insect that transmits the life-threatening Chagas disease. To decrease the risk of transmission, our colleagues at the laboratory of applied entomology and parasitology have implemented mitigation strategies (known as Ecohealth interventions); however, limited resources necessitate the search for better risk models. Mining these complex Chagas survey data for potential predictive features is challenging due to imbalanced class outcomes, missing data, heterogeneity, and the non-independence of some features. We develop an evolutionary algorithm (EA) to identify feature interactions in "Big Datasets" with desired categorical outcomes (e.g., disease or infestation). The method is non-parametric and uses the hypergeometric PMF as a fitness function to tackle challenges associated with using p-values in Big Data (e.g., p-values decrease inversely with the size of the dataset). To demonstrate the EA effectiveness, we first test the algorithm on three benchmark datasets. These include two classic Boolean classifier problems: (1) the "majority-on" problem and (2) the multiplexer problem, as well as (3) a simulated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) disease dataset. Next, we apply the EA to real-world Chagas Disease survey data and successfully archived numerous high-order feature interactions associated with infestation that would not have been discovered using traditional statistics. These feature interactions are also explored using network analysis. The spatial autocorrelation of the genetic data (SNPs of Triatoma dimidiata) was captured using geostatistics. Specifically, a modified semivariogram analysis was performed to characterize the SNP data and help elucidate the movement of the vector within two villages. For both villages, the SNP information showed strong spatial autocorrelation albeit with different geostatistical characteristics (sills, ranges, and nuggets). These metrics were leveraged to create risk maps that suggest the more forested village had a sylvatic source of infestation, while the other village had a domestic/peridomestic source. This initial exploration into using Big Data to analyze disease risk shows that novel and modified existing statistical tools can improve the assessment of risk on a fine-scale.
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Goretzki, Christian. „Chalkonhaltige Polymere Synthese, Charakterisierung und Photochemie von chalkonhaltigen Kammpolymeren sowie Oxidationspolymerisation von Aminochalkonen /“. [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2000. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=961809078.

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Schmitter, Beate. „Einfluss von Trypanosoma-cruzi-(Chagas,1909)-infizierten Antigen-präsentierenden Zellen auf die Stimulation von T-Zellen im murinen System“. [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=968875165.

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Bücher zum Thema "Chalan bil"

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Marcel, Bourdette-Donon, Hrsg. Anthologie de la littérature et des arts tchadiens. Paris: L'Harmattan, 2003.

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Mardānahʹzādah, Fāṭimah. Chu shākh-i gulī bar kinār-i chaman: Nigāhī bih khānvādah dar Shāhnāmah. Rasht: Farhang-i Īlyā, 2008.

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3

Arnold, J. Douglas, und Zach Meston. Awesome Sega Genesis Secrets 3. Lahaina, HI: Sandwich Islands Publishing, 1993.

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Daroqui, Julia. Como Charlan! / How They Speak (Grandes Albumes Infantiles / Big Children Albums). Sigmar Belgrano, 1995.

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Beal, Amy C. Big Band Theory. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036361.003.0008.

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This chapter focuses on the Carla Bley Band, a ten-person big band Bley had spent several years establishing. The Carla Bley Band effectively became the instrument for which she composed, the vehicle through which she could let her sonic imagination run free. The establishment of her own large ensemble following the creation of her recording studio, record label, and distribution service was part of a logical chain of events, one indicating a further step in Bley's ongoing quest for total artistic control in the creation, administration, and dissemination of her music. This freedom allowed Bley to focus on an uninhibited exploration of musical ideas in her compositions. Over the next few years the Carla Bley Band toured both Europe and the United States, recorded six albums on Watt between 1977 and 1983, and contributed a soundtrack of preexisting pieces for a Claude Miller film called Mortelle Randonee.
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HP, Lee. 2 The Constitutional Crisis of 1983. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198755999.003.0003.

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This chapter examines the constitutional crisis of 1983, which focused on the King’s power to assent to legislation in relation to federal legislation and on the State Rulers’ equivalent power in relation to State legislation. The crisis should be viewed while considering that amendments to the Federal Constitution are common in Malaysia. However, intense national interest was generated by the refusal of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, Sultan Ahmad Shah, to assent to the Constitution (Amendment) Bill 1983. What was the significance of the 1983 Amendment Bill? What were the motives of the government in mooting the amendments? The chapter reviews the chain of events and clarifies many of the constitutional issues that were clouded by the confrontation between the dissenting parties.
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Dickinson, Kay, Alisa Perren, Michael Curtin, Marwan M. Kraidy, Michael Keane, Darrell Davis, Anne Jäckel et al. Supply Chain Cinema. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781839024658.

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Why are big budget films typically made across an array of seemingly dissociated sites? Supply Chain Cinema shows how the production journeys of such films exemplify the principles of the supply chain, whose core imperative is to nimbly and opportunistically manufacturing wherever is most amenable and efficient. Through extensive on-site investigations and in-depth interviews with film professionals, Kay Dickinson delivers nuanced insight into working practices in the UK and the UAE. Among the sites she examines is Warner Bros’ permanent base at Leavesden Studios near London. From tax breaks designed to attract foreign projects to infrastructures, logistical support and expertise offered, she considers why Hollywood giants elect to make more of their films in Britain than in the USA. Dickinson goes on to show how the UK’s ambitions to enlarge its creative economies has opened up a host of competitive advantages with British higher education increasingly fashioned to conform to the needs of border-hopping enterprise, thus generating a workforce keenly adapted to the demands of blockbuster moviemaking. This book proposes that the ways in which big-budget films are made across an array of seemingly dissociated sites exemplify the principles of supply chain production. Chapter 1 examines how supply chain cinema routes through wherever is most amenable and economical in order to take advantage of government support, tax incentives, customized infrastructures, logistical efficiencies, transnational standardization and coordination in tandem with sectional, fragmented and project-by-project reconfigurations of precarious labour. Chapter 2 investigates why Hollywood giants elect to make more of their films in Britain than in the USA, availing themselves of the UK’s ambitions to enlarge its creative economies, which have rendered the workforce all the more keenly adapted to the structures and demands of blockbuster moviemaking. Chapter 3 explores how the film industry, in concert with the UK government, has massaged filmmaking education to fit its needs. Chapter 4 assesses how the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has geared up its creative economy policy and education systems, largely through English-medium foreign franchise universities, to train a supply chain-ready workforce. Chapter 5 asks: what does the UAE furnish these incoming projects and at what cost to a precarious and largely migrant workforce? The Conclusion (like the end of each chapter) offers suggestions for how the injustices that the supply chain cinema exploits and expands might be challenged, diminished and eradicated.
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Arjaliès, Diane-Laure, Philip Grant, Iain Hardie, Donald MacKenzie und Ekaterina Svetlova. Entangled Trading. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198802945.003.0005.

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Chapter 5 follows the investment chain from the ‘buy side’ of investment management into the ‘sell side’ of brokers and traders. It discusses the development of ‘dark pools’—private share-trading venues in which subscribers can bid to buy shares or offer to sell them without those bids or offers being visible to the market at large. Originally, access to dark pools was restricted to investment management firms, and the pools were intended to permit those firms to buy or sell large blocks of shares among themselves at low cost and without the ‘market impact’ of trading in the public markets. The history of dark pools, however, shows how hard it has been to cling to that vision in the face of investment chain entanglements. The entanglement on which the chapter focuses most relates to the ways of payments (colloquially known in the US as ‘soft dollars’) for sell-side research.
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Drivetrain for Vehicles 2016. VDI Verlag, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/9783181022764.

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The annual VDI-Congress Drivetrain for Vehicles is the most important meeting-point for the automotive industry regarding transmissions and driveline-technology. Vehicle manufacturers, transmissions suppliers and the whole supply-chain are presenting and discussing latest technology and trends. The future of drivetrain for vehicles will become very exciting. The number of electrified drivetrains will be growing in future. Things will get more complex with a hybrid drive and packages will be much more challenging. Therefore we are keen to find intelligent solutions. Furthermore we will face significant changes. The following megatrends are going to have big impact on future drivelines and on the whole value chain: • more and more challenging regulations to reduce environmental pollution caused by traffic, • the need for electrification of drivetrain in terms of hybrids and electric vehicles, • the understanding of the drivetrain system as an overall approach, • high pressure fo...
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Doering, James M. The War Years and a Shift to a New Era. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037412.003.0009.

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This chapter demonstrates how Judson's management empire began to plateau in the 1940s. The Depression had rattled music's funding structures. Technology had spawned greater competition for live musical experiences. Jazz had supplanted classical music on the pages of many newspapers and trade magazines. But particularly relevant for Judson was an emerging concern about the connection between music and big business. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) first raised this issue in 1938, when it launched an investigation into the chain-broadcasting practices of the NBC, CBS, and mutual radio networks. The commission also became concerned about the possibility of monopolistic behavior, specifically in the practice of networks representing artists and also buying artists for their radio programs.
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Buchteile zum Thema "Chalan bil"

1

Hines, Tony. „The big transition“. In Supply Chain Strategies, 367–77. 3. Aufl. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003393290-14.

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Domjan, Paul, Gavin Serkin, Brandon Thomas und John Toshack. „The Big Bet Vs. Devil You Know“. In Chain Reaction, 93–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51784-7_8.

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Nicoletti, Bernardo, und Andrea Appolloni. „Big Data in Procurement 4.0“. In Big Data Analytics in Supply Chain Management, 45–63. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367816384-4.

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Breville, Curtis. „Closing the Big Data Talent Gap“. In Big Data Analytics in Supply Chain Management, 169–87. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367816384-10.

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Currie, Brianna A., Alexandra D. French und M. Ali Ülkü. „Sustainability, Big Data, and Consumer Behavior“. In Big Data Analytics in Supply Chain Management, 109–32. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367816384-7.

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Chorafas, Dimitris N. „One of the big challenges with electronic commerce: Accounting for taxation“. In The internet supply chain, 151–74. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230508972_7.

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Rahimi, Iman, Amir H. Gandomi, M. Ali Ülkü und Simon James Fong. „Big Data Analytics in Supply Chain Management“. In Big Data Analytics in Supply Chain Management, 1–7. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367816384-1.

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Mani Sekhar, Sivagnanam Rajamanickam, Swathi Chandrashekar und Siddesh Gaddadevara Matt. „Supply Chain Analytics Technology for Big Data“. In Big Data Analytics in Supply Chain Management, 9–28. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367816384-2.

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Aktas, Emel. „Big Data Applications in Supply Chain Management“. In The Palgrave Handbook of Supply Chain Management, 1–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89822-9_74-1.

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Aktas, Emel. „Big Data Applications in Supply Chain Management“. In The Palgrave Handbook of Supply Chain Management, 1301–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19884-7_74.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Chalan bil"

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Leite, Kelma Pinheiro, Lara Tavares da Silva und Vitória Monteiro de Sousa. „Projeto colaborativo em BIM“. In XIX ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE TECNOLOGIA DO AMBIENTE CONSTRUÍDO. UFRGS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46421/entac.v19i1.2190.

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Esse trabalho propõe analisar o processo de projeto colaborativo com estudantes de graduação no curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo utilizando a metodologia BIM. Como experimento projetual acadêmico, foi proposta uma pousada de chalés localizada na área litorânea do Estado do Ceará. A coordenação do projeto foi realizada por meio de reuniões e modelo federado em aplicativos com versões educacionais baseados em nuvem. Ao final, foi feita análise do processo de Projeto Colaborativo em BIM identificando os potenciais e dificuldades deste processo, em especial, durante o ensino de graduação.
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Mishra, Ritwik, Ponnurangam Kumaraguru, Rajiv Ratn Shah, Aanshul Sadaria, Shashank Srikanth, Kanay Gupta, Himanshu Bhatia und Pratik Jain. „Analyzing Traffic Violations through e-challan System in Metropolitan Cities (Workshop Paper)“. In 2020 IEEE Sixth International Conference on Multimedia Big Data (BigMM). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bigmm50055.2020.00081.

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Li, Jun, Boyun Guo und Chi Ai. „Analytical and Experimental Investigations of the Effect of Temperature Gradient on Rock Failure“. In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-86436.

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Drilling fluids injected into geothermal and oil and gas borehole create a temperature gradient in rock near the bottom hole. This temperature gradient is more pronounced in underbalanced drilling (UBD) with gaseous fluids due to Joule Thomason cooling effect at the drill bit. The effect of the temperature gradient on rock failure was investigated analytically and experimentally in this study. The result indicates that the temperature gradient can significantly promote rock failure during drilling. The rate of penetration (ROP) increased by 22.4% on average as the temperature differential increased from 30°C to 180°C in the Chagan Sandstone from the Tamuchage Basin, Mongolia. This explains high ROP, hole enlargement, and hole deviation in gas UBD operations. Although the test done at very small scale may not be representative to the real drilling conditions, the result supports the analytical model developed in this work, which can be used for optimizing drill bit and fluid injection rate in geothermal and oil and gas well drilling.
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Rosa, Thiago, Regina Peralta, Mauro Cabral-Castro, Giovani Costa und José Peralta. „Immunological method using magnetic beads for Chagas Infection diagnosis“. In III Seminário Anual Científico e Tecnológico de Bio-Manguinhos. Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.35259/isi.sact.2016_27372.

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Matos, Paulo Rogério Freitas de, Matheus Gomes de Lima und José de Paula Barros Neto. „O uso do BIM no planejamento e controle de prazos e custos“. In XII SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO DE GESTÃO E ECONOMIA DA CONSTRUÇÃO. Antac, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46421/sibragec.v12i00.427.

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A construção civil tem desenvolvido inovações tecnológicas que buscam reduzir cada vez mais as lacunas para uma boa gestão. Neste sentido, questiona-se sobre as possibilidades de melhorar o controle de prazos e custos das etapas de produção por meio da modelagem BIM (Building Information Modeling) e de suas variações (4D e 5D). Sabendo disto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi trazer uma análise sobre as publicações recentes acerca do BIM com a finalidade de apresentar aplicações no contexto das variações 4D e 5D. Como estratégia de pesquisa, uma RSL foi elaborada considerando-se periódicos de impacto nacionais e internacionais. Os resultados da pesquisa reuniram 34 artigos que chamam atenção para vantagens observadas com a modelagem BIM no contexto da construção, por exemplo: Aumento de transparência/comunicação; controle de prazos; redução de perdas; aumento de produtividade e controle de custos. Como contribuição, o estudo mostra algumas lacunas que merecem ser analisadas como o emprego do BIM para resolver problemas de produção, deficiências de planejamento, controle de atividades que não agregam valor, entre outras.
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Wang, Nan. „Identificaiton of trematode metacercariaespeciesin Channa gachus in Jinghong City using PCR analysis“. In International Conference on Biomedical and Intelligent Systems (IC-BIS 2022), herausgegeben von Ahmed El-Hashash. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2660721.

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Pratama, Andy Alfian Wahyu, Mei Parwanto Kurniawan, Nuryanto und Zulfikar Bagus Pambuko. „Optimization of live shoot technique in producing promotional video of channa snakehead fish“. In 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF BIO-BASED ECONOMY FOR APPLICATION AND UTILITY. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0120217.

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Wang, Tao, Zhongkai Ouyang, Jiahao Hou, Zihan Shen und Zhiming Cui. „Application of big data analysis in economic statistics“. In 2nd International Conference on Industrial IoT, Big Data, and Supply Chain, herausgegeben von Hong Yu, Yongxin Zhu und Victor Chang. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2625000.

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Guan, Jiwen. „Research on Big Data Computer Information Processing“. In 2022 International Conference on Industrial IoT, Big Data and Supply Chain (IIoTBDSC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iiotbdsc57192.2022.00037.

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Sihem, Kouloughli, und Korso Feciane Malika. „Multi-aisle AS/RS dimensions optimization for travel time between the storage bin and the retrieval bin minimization“. In 2020 IEEE 13th International Colloquium of Logistics and Supply Chain Management (LOGISTIQUA). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/logistiqua49782.2020.9353918.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Chalan bil"

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Jahidin, Kamaruzaman Bin. Industry 4.0 Behavioral Insights. Asian Productivity Organization, Oktober 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.61145/pstf6290.

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Applications of behavioral insights (BIs) in manufacturing optimize user experience, predictive maintenance, supply chain management, many other industrial processes, and ultimately overall productivity. Kamaruzaman Bin Jahidin breaks down BI applications in the Industry 4.0 era to benefit manufacturers of all sizes, focusing on SMEs. Concise real-world examples are given to guide enterprises starting BI initiatives
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Navas, Cristian, und Richard Mix Vidal. Ciclo de Charlas: Movilidad Autónoma y el Futuro del Transporte. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003757.

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En julio de 2019 se firmó un acuerdo entre el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo y el Ministerio de Transportes y Telecomunicaciones de Chile para avanzar en el desarrollo de nuevas aplicaciones tecnológicas aplicables en el sector transporte, con foco en las herramientas de Big Data y en los Vehículos Autónomos. Este acuerdo, formalizado a través de las Cooperaciones Técnicas CH-T1220 y CH-T1226 entre el BID y el Gobierno de Chile, concentraba su alcance principalmente en la realización de experiencias piloto que pudieran servir para la exploración y prueba a nivel local de nuevas tecnologías de movilidad disponibles en el mercado, con el fin de generar conocimiento relevante para el ecosistema de transporte y tecnología en Chile y la región. Como componente principal, se estructuró el Primer Piloto de Vehículo Autónomo en Latinoamérica, operación de prueba y abierta al público por 3 meses de un minibús autónomo de 12 pasajeros en las inmediaciones del Parque OHiggins en la ciudad de Santiago. De forma complementaria, este acuerdo también consideraba distintas actividades para la activación de lo que se denominó el Hub Latinoamericano de Vehículos Autónomos, las que permitieron apoyar los primeros pasos para la incursión en estas tendencias emergentes de movilidad por parte de emprendedores e innovadores del entorno local, así como difundir el conocimiento existente y generar interés al respecto en el sector privado, sector público, academia, instituciones internacionales y otros organismos de la sociedad civil, principalmente vinculados con políticas públicas, transporte y desarrollo urbano, entre otros temas afines. En este contexto, uno de los ejes primarios de difusión y comunicaciones del proyecto se estructuró en torno al Ciclo de Charlas: Movilidad Autónoma y el Futuro del Transporte. Este ciclo, organizado por el BID junto al MTT con apoyo de la Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas de la Universidad de Chile, consistió en un conjunto de eventos temáticos en los que se invitaron expertos nacionales e internacionales para exponer sobre las nuevas tendencias en sistemas de transporte, con foco en los desafíos y oportunidades de los vehículos de conducción autónoma y tecnologías emergentes en transporte. Estas sesiones se realizaron a lo largo de 2020, primero en formato presencial y luego en formato online, debido a las condiciones sanitarias producto de la pandemia COVID-19.
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Nobre, Ismael, Andrea Margit, Carlos A. Nobre, Maritta Koch-Weser, Adalberto Veríssimo und Ailton Fabrício Neto. Amazon Creative Labs of the Cupuaçu-Cocoa Chain. Inter-American Development Bank, März 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003694.

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Under the Amazon Third Way paradigm and its implementation strategy Amazon 4.0 the Amazon Creative Labs (ACL) were conceived, as a tool for training and for testing proposed concepts. Amazon 4.0 is an attempt to show that it is possible to achieve a stage of high human development combined with valuing of tropical forest through knowledge. This study demonstrates how to add value to value chains of the immense Amazon biodiversity and how to enable Amazonian populations to master bio-industrialization technologies of forest assets. The following example deals with the potential to develop bio-industries in the value chain of two forest products with high potential: cupuaçu and cocoa through the development of the so-called ACL. This will serve as an important experiment to guide several proposals being elaborated by the Scientific Panel for the Amazon.
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Adom, Felix K., Hao Cai, Jennifer B. Dunn, Damon Hartley, Erin Searcy, Eric Tan, Sue Jones und Lesley Snowden-Swan. Supply Chain Sustainability Analysis of Fast Pyrolysis and Hydrotreating Bio-Oil to Produce Hydrocarbon Fuels. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), März 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1249552.

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Dunn, Jennifer B., Zhichao Wang, Michael Wang, Kara Cafferty, Jake Jacobson, Eric Tan, Sue Jones und Lesley Snowden-Swan. Supply Chain Sustainability Analysis of Fast Pyrolysis and Hydrotreating Bio-Oil to Produce Hydrocarbon Fuels. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Februar 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1177464.

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SGC, Servicio Geológico Colombiano. Mapa Geomorfológico aplicado a movimientos en masa escala 1:100.000. Plancha 111 Bis La Chata. Producto. Bogotá: Servicio Geológico Colombiano, Mai 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32685/4.7.2015.43.

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Moreda, Fedaku, Pedro Coli Valdes Daussa, Eugene Brantly, Jake Serago und Jorge Escurra. Hydro-BID Case Study No. 5: Impact of Climate Change on Proposed Water Investments in Chalpi Basin, Ecuador. Inter-American Development Bank, Februar 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0001121.

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SGC, Servicio Geológico Colombiano. Zonificación de la susceptibilidad y la amenaza relativa por movimientos en masa escala 1:100.000. Plancha 111 Bis La Chata. Producto. Bogotá: Servicio Geológico Colombiano, Mai 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32685/4.7.2015.777.

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Krishnamurthy, Ranjani, Gayathri Sarangan, Abhilaasha Nagarajan, Reeba Devaraj, Rajesh Ramamoorthy, Blessy Oviya und Nandini Natarajan. Gender and Social Inclusion Across the Sanitation Chain in Tamil Nadu – Assessment and Strategy. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24943/gsiatnas10.2019.

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The Government of Tamil Nadu (GoTN) has prioritised the full sanitation chain, including the strengthening of septage management as an economical and sustainable complement to networkbased sewerage systems. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) is supporting the GoTN to achieve the Sanitation Mission of Tamil Nadu through the Tamil Nadu Urban Sanitation Support Programme (TNUSSP). TNUSSP Phase I (2015-2018) was designed to support GoTN and selected cities in making improvements along the entire urban sanitation chain. In the second phase (2018– 2020), TNUSSP seeks to go one step further and integrate a gender and social inclusion (GSI) perspective within its interventions at two sites – the city of Tiruchirappalli (Trichy), and the two town panchayats (TPs) of Periyanaicken-Palayam (PNP) and Narasimhanaicken-Palayam (NNP) in Coimbatore district – along the urban sanitation cycle and in its support provided at the State level.
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Smith, Margaret, Nurit Katzir, Susan McCouch und Yaakov Tadmor. Discovery and Transfer of Genes from Wild Zea Germplasm to Improve Grain Oil and Protein Composition of Temperate Maize. United States Department of Agriculture, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1998.7580683.bard.

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Project Objectives 1. Develop and amplify two interspecific populations (annual and perennial teosintes x elite maize inbred) as the basis for genetic analysis of grain quality. 2. Identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) from teosinte that improve oil, protein, and essential amino acid composition of maize grain. 3. Develop near isogenic lines (NILs) to quantify QTL contributions to grain quality and as a resource for future breeding and gene cloning efforts. 4. Analyze the contribution of these QTLs to hybrid performance in both the US and Israel. 5. Measure the yield potential of improved grain quality hybrids. (NOTE: Yield potential could not be evaluated due to environmentally-caused failure of the breeding nursery where seed was produced for this evaluation.) Background: Maize is a significant agricultural commodity worldwide. As an open pollinated crop, variation within the species is large and, in most cases, sufficient to supply the demand for modem varieties and for new environments. In recent years there is a growing demand for maize varieties with special quality attributes. While domesticated sources of genetic variation for high oil and protein content are limited, useful alleles for these traits may remain in maize's wild relative, teosinte. We utilized advanced backcross (AB) analysis to search for QTLs contributing to oil and protein content from two teosinte accessions: Zea mays ssp. mexicana Race Chalco, an annual teosinte (referred to as Chalco), and Z diploperennis Race San Miguel, a perennial teosinte (referred to as Diplo). Major Conclusions and Achievements Two NILs targeting a Diplo introgression in bin 1.04 showed a significant increase in oil content in homozygous sib-pollinated seed when compared to sibbed seed of their counterpart non-introgressed controls. These BC4S2 NILs, referred to as D-RD29 and D-RD30, carry the Diplo allele in bin 1.04 and the introgression extends partially into bins 1.03 and 1.05. These NILs remain heterozygous in bins 4.01 and 8.02, but otherwise are homozygous for the recurrent parent (RD6502) alleles. NILs were developed also for the Chalco introgression in bin 1.04 but these do not show any improvement in oil content, suggesting that the Chalco alleles differ from the Diplo alleles in this region. Testcross Fl seed and sibbed grain from these Fl plants did not show any effect on oil content from this introgression, suggesting that it would need to be present in both parents of a maize hybrid to have an effect on oil content. Implications, both Scientific and Agricultural The Diplo region identified increases oil content by 12.5% (from 4.8% to 5.4% oil in the seed). Although this absolute difference is not large in agronomic terms, this locus could provide additive increases to oil content in combination with other maize-derived loci for high oil. To our knowledge, this is the first confirmed report of a QTL from teosinte for improved grain oil content in maize. It suggests that further research on grain quality alleles from maize wild relatives would be of both scientific and agricultural interest.
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