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Das, Dr K. C., und Adidur Rahman. „Statelessness : A Study of Chakma Refugees of Arunachal Pradesh“. Cross-Currents: An International Peer-Reviewed Journal on Humanities & Social Sciences 1, Nr. 2 (25.12.2015): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.36344/ccijhss.2015.v01i02.005.
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The word statelessness has long been recognized as an important problem in international law. Nowhere is the problem of statelessness more acute than in South East Asia. The Sri Lankans, Tibetan, Afghani etc. in India, Burmese in Thailand and in Bangladesh, Vietnamese refugees in Cambodia and many ethnic Chinese in all parts of South East Asia are currently stateless and thus specially vulnerable the same type of human rights abuses as those suffered by the Chakmas of Arunachal Pradesh. The Chakmas are the victims of the partition of the country. They were displaced from their original homeland and migrated to Northeast India. They were rehabilitated in NEFA by the Government of India but still fighting for citizenship status. The present paper examines the statelessness of the Chakmas of North East India, especially in Arunachal Pradesh. It tries to analyze the origin of the problem of migration of the Chakmas from Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) of erstwhile East Pakistan to Mizoram and Tripura and their rehabilitation in NEFA (now Arunachal Pradesh). It examines the causes of reactions from the Arunachali indigenous tribes, the All Arunachal Pradesh Students Union and from the State Government. The paper concludes with a study of the role of the Chakma organizations, the Union Government and the Supreme Court in the fight for Indian citizenship status of the Chakmas.
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Das, Dr K. C., und Adidur Rahman. „Statelessness : A Study of Chakma Refugees of Arunachal Pradesh“. Cross-Currents: An International Peer-Reviewed Journal on Humanities & Social Sciences 1, Nr. 2 (25.12.2015): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.36344/ccijhss.2015.v01i02.005.
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The word statelessness has long been recognized as an important problem in international law. Nowhere is the problem of statelessness more acute than in South East Asia. The Sri Lankans, Tibetan, Afghani etc. in India, Burmese in Thailand and in Bangladesh, Vietnamese refugees in Cambodia and many ethnic Chinese in all parts of South East Asia are currently stateless and thus specially vulnerable the same type of human rights abuses as those suffered by the Chakmas of Arunachal Pradesh. The Chakmas are the victims of the partition of the country. They were displaced from their original homeland and migrated to Northeast India. They were rehabilitated in NEFA by the Government of India but still fighting for citizenship status. The present paper examines the statelessness of the Chakmas of North East India, especially in Arunachal Pradesh. It tries to analyze the origin of the problem of migration of the Chakmas from Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) of erstwhile East Pakistan to Mizoram and Tripura and their rehabilitation in NEFA (now Arunachal Pradesh). It examines the causes of reactions from the Arunachali indigenous tribes, the All Arunachal Pradesh Students Union and from the State Government. The paper concludes with a study of the role of the Chakma organizations, the Union Government and the Supreme Court in the fight for Indian citizenship status of the Chakmas.
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Bhattacharjee, Sharmista, Md Ashrafuzzaman und Shraboni Chakraborty. „Assessment of Foot Shape in Adult Females of Bangalee and Chakma Ethnic Groups“. Chattagram Maa-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College Journal 19, Nr. 1 (28.08.2020): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v19i1.48806.
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Background :Foot morphology differs among ethnic groups. Proper knowledge ofpopulation specific variations are necessary for industrial design and forensicinvestigations. The study was aimed to measure the foot and determine the footshape of adult Bangalee and Chakma females to find out and compare any ethnicvariation.
Materials and methods: The study was conducted on 200 Chakma and 200Bangalee adult females. Foot length and foot breadth were measured by slidecaliper. Foot index was calculated and foot shape was determined from foot index.
Results: Mean value for length, breadth and index of foot were significantly higherin Chakmas than Bangalees. Percentage of slender foot was higher in Bangalees andbroad foot shape was found more in Chakmas. Most of the participants of these twogroups have standard foot shape.
Conclusion: Bangalee and Chakma adult females showed differences in structuralcharacteristics of foot which may be attributed to their ethnicity and environment.
Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.19 (1); January 2020; Page 59-62
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Choden, Nawang. „Forced Migration and the Plight of the Chakma Refugees in Arunachal Pradesh: ‘Citizenship’ as a Bone of Contention“. Journal of Migration History 8, Nr. 3 (10.10.2022): 483–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23519924-08030007.
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Abstract The present paper explores the persistent and contentious issue of citizenship of the Chakma community in Arunachal Pradesh. The Chakmas were originally uprooted from the Chittagong Hill Tracts of former East Pakistan and were resettled in Arunachal Pradesh, formerly known as the North East Frontier Agency (nefa). The forced migration of the Chakma community has implications at different levels and raises critical questions about exclusion, belongingness, citizenship and the various rights which comes with it. The article explores the relationship between refugee identity and citizenship rights to see how this relationship is mediated through denial or extension of state entitlements. Examining the nature of citizenship within this context may help to further uncover how the concept of citizenship is both understood and used today.
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Aboh, Panjang. „ELECTORAL POLITICS AND CHAKMA VOTERS OF ARUNACHAL PRADESH: AN ANALYSIS OF IMPLICATIONS OF CHAKMA VOTERS IN THE FOUR ASSEMBLY CONSTITUENCIES“. International Journal of Advanced Research 12, Nr. 03 (31.03.2024): 415–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/18409.
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Chakmas are one of the three refugee groups settled in Arunachal Pradesh that migrated from then East Pakistan between 1964 and 1969 due to alleged religious persecution by their native establishment and the environmental disaster. Since then it has been more than five decades of their stay in Arunachal Pradesh. It is perceived by various civil societies, student organizations, and the general public of the State that these Chakma have a huge number of voters in some assembly constituencies of the State and play a determinant role in deciding the electoral outcome to a great extent thereby reducing Indigenous voters to a minority. This paper attempted to know the strength of Chakma voters across the concerned assembly constituencies of the State from their first enrollment in the electoral roll in 2003 till 2023 and the significance of their votes in determining the electoral outcomes in these constituencies by thoroughly studying, examining and analyzing the data obtained from the office of the chief electoral officer, Nirvachan Bhawan, Itanagar. The study found that at least in one out of four constituencies, the Chakma voters constitute the second largest vote bank and play an important role in determining the electoral outcomes in that particular constituency.
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Chapman, Graham P. „Stateless in South Asia: the Chakmas between India and Bangladesh“. Contemporary South Asia 19, Nr. 3 (September 2011): 345–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09584935.2011.594288.
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Himani, Sagar, Sabharwal Pooja und Sharma Kumar Amit. „SCIENTIFIC EXPLORATION OF CHAKRAS AND THEIR THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL IN CANCER IN PURVIEW OF BIOENERGETIC MEDICINE: A REVIEW“. International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy 13, Nr. 2 (28.02.2022): 87–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.130243.
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Cancer is one of the most outrageous diseases of the present century.According to WHO, 9.6 million deaths in 2018 were due to Cancer which accounts for 1 out of 6 worldwide deaths. Out of these, 30-50% is preventable. Despite the modern scientific evolution, this enormous burden has not been reduced. The integrated approach of Cancer therapy is highly productive to improve quality of life and survival rate. Ayurvedic treatment with a healthy diet, lifestyle modification, and mind-body medicine are beneficial. Chakras are the “switches” in the path of energy flow in an individual, representing Pranayama kosha and are subtle. These Chakras in the body create a human energy field around each human being. Chakra’s healing is a highly established system of energy-based curative techniques that utilize “PRANA” to steadiness, harmonize and renovate the body’s vital energy. The foremost factor, i.e. chakra is discussed in detail based on modern scientific knowledge. There is a massive impact of chakra healing in carcinoma as it is highly effective to improve quality of life.
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Sarder Ali Haider und Takrima Jannat. „From Looms to Leadership: Women's Empowerment Through Monjulika Chakma's Bain Textile in Bangladesh’s Chittagong Hill Tracts“. International Journal of Advanced Technology and Social Sciences 1, Nr. 4 (28.12.2023): 279–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.59890/ijatss.v1i4.671.
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Monjulika Chakma's entrepreneurial foray with Bain Textile in 1965 within Bangladesh's Chittagong Hill Tracts marked more than just a business venture; it underscored the transformative capabilities of social entrepreneurship. Anchored on a vision to champion female weavers of the region, Chakma not only propelled the intricate art of traditional Chakma fabrics to prominence but also paved the way for socio-economic upliftment and cultural preservation. Despite humble beginnings and myriad challenges – from scarce weaving resources to the complexities of marketing in a geographically remote area – Chakma's resilience and adaptability catalyzed Bain Textile's ascent. This paper unravels Bain Textile's trajectory, highlighting its role in preserving Chakma heritage, engendering female empowerment, and fostering community development. Drawing upon Chakma's innovative strategies and collaborative ethos, the study underscores the imperative of tenacity, co-creation, and experimentation within the sphere of social entrepreneurship. Chakma's Bain Textile emerges not just as a business archetype but as a testament to entrepreneurship's potential as a conduit for societal change and cultural reverence
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Jadán, Oswaldo, Sven Günter, Bolier Torres und Daniela Selesi. „Riqueza y potencial maderable en sistemas agroforestales tradicionales como alternativa al uso del bosque nativo, Amazonia del Ecuador“. Revista Forestal Mesoamericana Kurú 12, Nr. 28 (29.12.2014): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18845/rfmk.v12i28.2096.
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En este estudio se evaluó un sistema de bosque y tres sistemas agroforestales SAFs, tradicionales denominados localmente “chakras” con cultivo de cacao propagado sexual y asexualmente dentro de cuatro sistemas de uso de la tierra: 1) bosque primario, 2) chakra con cacao por semilla; 3) chakra con cacao injerto y 4) chakra sin cultivo comercial, en la Reserva de la Biosfera Sumaco, Ecuador. Se analizó las variables por área total de muestreo en 6,92 has y promedios por parcela aplicando ANDEVA, correlaciones de Pearson y regresiones lineales. La riqueza, abundancia, área basal y volumen comercial en las especies arbóreas maderables potenciales con dap ≥ 10 cm, es superior en el bosque frente a las chakras. La chakra de cacao por semilla e injerto registra mayores valores que la chakra sin cultivo comercial. El volumen comercial aprovechable en el bosque fue superior 1,6 veces que la chakra de cacao semilla; 3,7 que el cacao injertado y 57 veces que la sin cultivo comercial. El bosque y chakra de cacao por semilla, registran valores superiores a los promedios aprovechados a nivel nacional (11,3 m3 ha-1), por lo que un aprovechamiento legal podría generar ingresos económicos a los finqueros. A pesar de estas existencias, probablemente solo se reduce la presión hacia el bosque con herramientas de planificación silvicultural integral en base a diversificación forestal, fomentando el cultivo de especies maderables en las chakras y otros espacios con aptitud forestal, con especies comerciales nativas del bosque y de alta demanda en el mercado maderero.
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WL, Huang. „Energy Deficiency in Chakras as the Main Cause of Chronic Interstitial Cystitis“. Open Access Journal of Urology & Nephrology 7, Nr. 4 (04.10.2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajun-16000218.
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Introduction: According to Western medicine, interstitial cystitis (IC) is a chronic pain disorder of the bladder that is often underdiagnosed and mistreated. The difficulties in diagnosis stem from numerous theories regarding pathophysiology and etiology, including the breakdown of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) layer, altered permeability of the urothelial, uroinflammation, and neural up-regulation. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that patients suffering from chronic interstitial cystitis have an energy imbalance of internal energy and chakras’ energies deficiency as the cause of the problem and the corrections of these energies imbalances through Chinese dietary therapy, auricular acupuncture with apex ear bloodletting and helix urethra point bloodletting and replenishing of the chakras’ energy centers deficiencies using highly diluted medications according to the theory Constitutional Homeopathy of the Five Elements based on Traditional Chinese Medicine can provide an improvement of the patient’s symptoms. Methods: Through two cases reports of a 39 years-old female patient and the second case is a 53-year-old-man both with a history of recurrent urinary tract infections symptoms that were diagnosed after with chronic interstitial cystitis for more than 20 years, without any improvement always using many kinds of antibiotics with no response. They sought for another kind of treatment for their condition using traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) tools. The TCM diagnosis of both patients were deficiency of Yin, Yang, Qi and Blood and Heat retention. It was indicated Chinese dietary counseling, auricular acupuncture with apex and helix urethra point bloodletting, and replenishment of the chakra’s energy meridian using highly diluted medications after being done the chakras energy measurement thought radiesthesia procedure, which reveal that all the chakras were in the lowest level of energy (1 out of 8). Results: Both patients’ recovery completely from their symptoms using TCM’s reasoning treatment in one month. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that patients with chronic interstitial cystitis have an energy imbalance and chakra´s energy deficient in energy as the cause of formation of this disease and the treatment correcting these energy imbalances and replenishing the lack of energy in the chakra´s energy centers using highly diluted medications according to the theory Constitutional Homeopathy of the Five Elements Based on Traditional Chinese Medicine is a very important tool to improve or cure the patient’s condition that were suffering from chronic interstitial cystitis , according to these two cases reports.
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Suresh Shimpi, Jitendra, und Anupama Jitendra Shimpi. „A CONCEPTUAL STUDY OF SHATCHAKRA ACCORDING TO AYURVEDA“. International Journal of Advanced Research 11, Nr. 04 (30.04.2023): 1198–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/16779.
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The chakras are vortices of supernatural power and theyre visualized and experienced as round movements of energy at unique costs of vibration. these chakras are placed within the spinal cord, but they widely paintings within the frame. We can not discover these chakras from dissection but it is associated with our control gadget of body and they are aspect of consciousness. these six chakras function switches for turning on different elements of the brain. The awakening thats introduced approximately inside the chakras performed to the higher facilities within the brain through the nadis. There are also higher centers within the mind that are commonly mentioned in kundalini yoga: bindu and sahasrarabindu is located on the pinnacle lower back of the head. Bindu feeds the whole optic gadget and it is also seat of nectar or amrit. sahasrara is superlative: final end result of kundalini shakti. it is seat of better awareness and located on the top of the top, anatomically correlated to the pituitary gland.Chakras are like a source of power from which energy run to one-of-a-kind places. The nadis which pop out from every chakra transmit prana in both guidelines. The outgoing and the incoming reaction input and leave the chakra inside the form of this pranic float within the corresponding nadis. in accordance tantras, there are seventy two lots of nadis, wherein three are fundamental nadis and in the space outdoor the Merudanda (spinal column) placed at the left and the proper is the two Nadi-Ida and Pingala, the NadiSushumna is inside the middle. The Ida, pingala meet SushumnaNadi on the Muladhara Chakra and make a knot. This junction is referred to as Mukta Triveni. Ganga, Yamuna and Saraswati reside in Pingala, Ida and Sushumna. This confluence area is known as Brahma Granthi. these meet once more on the Anahataand Ajna Chakra. Ida flows through the right nostril and Pingala through the left nostril. Ida [Sasi, Lalana, Pitryana] is referred to as Chandra (Moon) Nadi, in its course it conveys lunar power.
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Dhakad, Jyoti, und Pankaj Gupta. „APPLIED ASPECT OF SHADCHAKRAS AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN SHARIR VIGYAN“. International Ayurvedic Medical Journal 8, Nr. 9 (23.09.2020): 4456–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.46607/25iamj08092020.
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The Chakra is thought to be an energy point or node in the subtle of body. which is thought to flow among them along pathway called Nadis. There are six primary Chakras namely Muladhara, Swadhithana, Ma-nipura, Anahat, Visudha, Ajna Chakra. Sthana of Muladhara Chakra and Swadhithana Chakra is Ling and Gud which can be correlate with inferior hypogastric and sacral plexus. Sthana of Manipura Chakra is Nabhi and is represented by solar plexus. Hrudiya is the sthana of Anahat Chakra and it is represented by cardiac plexus. Sthana of Visuddha Chakra is kantha and is represented by cervical plexus. Sthana of Ajna chakra is between eyebrow and it is Avyakta (union of Prakriti and Purush) hence not related to any plexus. these are directly related to physiological as well as physic centers whose structures correspond more or less with traditional description.
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Ferdiansyah, Rafi, und Sufi Ikrima Sa'adah. „Main Character’s Inner Conflict in Brian Khrisna’s Kudasai: Freudian Psychoanalysis“. SULUK: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Budaya 4, Nr. 2 (10.02.2023): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15642/suluk.2022.4.2.105-115.
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This article aims to portray the inner conflict that Chaka, the main character in Brian Khrisna Kudasai, experienced. Chaka’s decision to leave his girlfriend and marry another woman caused him a strong regret leading to inner conflict when he meets the long-lost lover. The unexpected meeting put Chaka into a dilemma of choosing the past or maintaining the present. This study employs a psychological approach with Freudian psychoanalysis as the theoretical basis. With the descriptive qualitative method, the analysis maps the cause, the conflict point, and the effect on Chaka’s life. Chaka underwent an inner conflict due to his decision to leave Anet, his girlfriend, to marry Twindy. The conflict reaches its point when Chaka faces two choices: being with the dying Anet or the pregnant Twindy. Chaka’s failure to resolve his inner conflict causes him deep depression ending with his death.
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Wei Ling, Huang. „Chakras’ Energies Alterations in Patients with Chronic Gastritis“. Gastroenterology Open Access Open Journal I, Nr. 1 (08.12.2020): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33169/gastro.goaoj-i-105.
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Introduction Gastritis is a general term for inflammation of the stomach. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), gastritis is a disharmony between Yin, Yang, Qi, Blood and Heat retention of Liver, Stomach, Spleen or other disharmonies. Purpose To demonstrate that gastritis has energies alterations and chakras’ energies deficiencies as the root of its problem. The correction and replenishment of the chakras’ energies meridians are the most important goals in patient’s recovery. Methods Two case reports. The first, a 34-year-old male patient with complaints of chronic fatigue and epigastric pain, not improving with any medication the doctors prescribed. The second patient was a 32-year-old female who started having pain on the stomach and a burning sensation, as well as strong headache since she was 16-years-old. She was diagnosed with reflux through an endoscopy and treatment was started lansoprazole and pantoprazole and diet for reflux. She performed this treatment for four years, with no success. Both patients did the chakras’ energies meridian measurement through radiesthesia procedure. The result was that six out of seven chakras’ were completely lack of energies rated one (the minimum level) out of eight (the normal level), with the exception of the seventh chakra that was normal. Both patients were treated with Chinese dietary counseling, auricular acupuncture with apex ear bloodletting, systemic acupuncture and replenishment of the chakras’ energies with homeopathic medication according to Constitutional Homeopathy of the Five Elements Based on Traditional Chinese Medicine and crystal based medications. Results Both patients recover from all their symptoms very fast, including the epygastric pain discomfort without the necessity of using any antacid and proton-pump inhibitors medications. Conclusion Gastritis has an energy alteration and chakras’ energies deficiencies as a root and the treatment of these energy imbalances and replenishment of this lack of energies is essential for the patient’s improvement in the deepest level, not only treating the symptom. Keywords: Gastritis; Energy; Chakra; Traditional Chinese Medicine; Homeopathy; Crystal-based medication.
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Heredia-R, Marco, Bolier Torres, Jhenny Cayambe, Nadia Ramos, Marcelo Luna und Carlos G. H. Diaz-Ambrona. „Sustainability Assessment of Smallholder Agroforestry Indigenous Farming in the Amazon: A Case Study of Ecuadorian Kichwas“. Agronomy 10, Nr. 12 (15.12.2020): 1973. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10121973.
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In the Amazon, the Yasuní Biosphere Reserve (YBR) is considered a natural and cultural diversity hotspot. It is populated by several indigenous groups, including the Kichwa, who are characterized by their traditional systems of production, which are a means of subsistence and socio-ecological integration. The objective of this research was to evaluate the sustainability of small farmers who use a traditional agroforestry system (chakra) within the buffer, transition, and core zones of the YBR. We conducted 133 interviews with Kichwa heads of households. The socio-demographic structure and distribution were identified, and the response-inducing sustainability evaluation (RISE) methodology was used to evaluate chakra sustainability according to social, economic, and ecological dimensions, expressed using 10 indicators from 50 parameters, valued from 0 (worst case) to 100 (best case). The results are expressed in a polygon, defined by the areas: (1) good performance, (2) medium performance, and (3) poor performance. We employed the multivariate classification hierarchical cluster technique and analysis of variance (ANOVA) to identify dissimilarities between groups of chakras and the existence of statistical differences, respectively. Among the studied indigenous Kichwas, a pyramidal structure progressive type was identified, which is characteristic of young populations and the nonexistence of significant differences between the RISE indicators and chakras. The lowest-scoring indicators using the RISE guidelines were: use of materials and environmental protection, animal production, economic viability and chakra administration. We provide suggestions for decision makers who support Kichwa populations in socio-productive management with sustainability goals. We to taking actions on the indicators identified with high priority to improve the sustainability in the chakras and sociodemographic dynamics.
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Prasad, Chunnu. „Deepak K. Singh, Stateless in South Asia: The Chakmas between Bangladesh and India (New Delhi: SAGE Publications, 2010), 289 pp“. South Asia Research 31, Nr. 1 (Februar 2011): 87–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026272801003100106.
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Prates, Luciana Cangussu. „NOÇÕES INTRODUTÓRIAS SOBRE OS CHAKRAS NO HINDUÍSMO“. INTERAÇÕES 18, Nr. 1 (22.06.2023): e181c04. http://dx.doi.org/10.5752/p.1983-2478.2023v18n1e181c04.
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Esta comunicação traz noções introdutórias sobre os chakras no Hinduísmo. Inicialmente, contextualiza o tema historicamente nos Yoga Upanishads, que se conectam aos Vedas e, por isso, fazem parte da tradição hindu. Em seguida, considera as escrituras do Tantra Yoga, cujos textos não se vinculam à tradição religiosa. Dando continuidade ao raciocínio, apresenta possibilidades de entendimento semântico do termo chakra, o qual se deriva do sânscrito, considerando as ideias de diferentes pesquisadores do assunto. Por fim, evidencia descrições específicas em torno dos sete chakras mais conhecidos no ocidente, a saber: Muladhara; Svadhisthana; Manipura; Anahata; Vishuddha; Ajna; Sahasrāra.
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Mahajan, Chakraverti. „Book Review: Deepak K. Singh, Stateless in South Asia: The Chakmas between Bangladesh and India (Sage Studies on India’s North East)“. Contributions to Indian Sociology 46, Nr. 3 (Oktober 2012): 430–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/006996671204600317.
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Mantche, Chow Chandra. „Theravada Buddhism in North-East India: a study of the Tai-Khamtis“. International Review of Social Research 9, Nr. 1 (01.06.2019): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/irsr-2019-0004.
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Abstract North-East India is an abode of colourful ethnic communities having distinct cultural pattern and way of life. Among the ethnic communities of North-East India, the Buddhist ethnic communities are significant as far as the history and culture of the region is concerned. Among the ethnic communities of the region, professing Theravada form of Buddhism the ethnic groups namely, Tai-Khamtis, Tai-Phakeys, Tai-Khamyangs, Tai-Turungs, Tai-Aitons, Singphos, Tikhak Tangsas, Chakmas, Moghs, Boruahs etc are prominent. Among the eight states of North-East India, the state of Arunachal Pradesh is notable for Theravada Buddhism.The Tai-Khamtis are the largest Theravada Buddhist community of Arunachal Pradesh. The paper attempts to glean on the Theravada Buddhism among the Tai-Khamtis living in present day Arunachal Pradesh and Assam.The methodology followed in the paper is both historical and analytical. The study reveals that Theravada Buddhism forms an intregal part of the life and culture of the Tai-Khamtis. They are the follower of Theravada form of Buddhism after Burmese (Myanmarees) tradition. Their tangible and intangible cultural heritage bears traits of South-East Asian culture. The religious belief and practices of the Tai-Khamtis are more or less similar to those of the Buddhists of South-East Asia. The study of the Theravada Buddhism is significant to appreciate India’s relations with South-East Asian countries in a proper perspective.
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Ratmayanti, Nyoman Gita Saraswati, Albertus Henri Listyanto Nugroho, I. Made Dwi Hita Darmawan und Awang Bagas Wiratama. „Chakras in the Boardroom: Integrating Ancient Wisdom with Modern Business Practices for Enhanced Emotional and Spiritual Intelligence“. Religious: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama dan Lintas Budaya 7, Nr. 2 (30.08.2023): 153–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/rjsalb.v7i2.23321.
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This study explores the application of chakra philosophy in business management practices. Chakras, defined as energy centers within the human body, are intricately linked with daily human dynamics and spiritual consciousness. The aim of this study is to integrate chakra principles into managerial processes and assess their impact on emotional and spiritual intelligence, performance, accountability, and business sustainability. A qualitative approach was adopted for this study, focusing on four chief executive officers as research subjects. Data collection was conducted using triangulation techniques, including document analysis and semi-structured interviews. The results indicate that the implementation of chakra philosophy by chief executives contributes to the stability of emotional and spiritual intelligence. This, in turn, enhances performance, accountability, and the sustainability of the business. This research contributes a novel perspective by elaborating on the application of chakra philosophy in business management. It offers a new approach to managing and sustaining a company by considering individual management aspects and organizational culture.
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Wei Ling, Huang. „Energy Alterations in Patient with Osteogenesis Imperfecta“. Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma Care 4, Nr. 1 (12.01.2022): 01–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2694-0248/020.
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Introduction; Osteogenesis imperfecta is according to Western medicine, a disorder of the connective tissue caused by an abnormal synthesis or processing type I collagen of genetic origin, a protein that is important to strengthen bones. The clinical manifestation of this problem can cause blue sclera, short stature, and deafness in adulthood, dentinogenesis imperfecta. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), osteogenesis imperfecta is related to Kidney energy deficiency (second chakra). Purpose: the purpose of this study is to show that patients with osteogenesis imperfecta has energy deficiency in the Kidney energy (second chakra) and the treatment of this condition, replenishing this energy using highly diluted medications is very important to treat the root of the problem and not just treating the symptoms. Methods: through one case report of 30 years-old man with history of several fractures since childhood. He went acupuncture clinic to treat his anxiety symptoms and I saw that his sclera was blue. Treatment was done using Chinese dietary counseling, auricular acupuncture with apex ear bloodletting and systemic acupuncture. Radiesthesia procedure were used to measure his chakras’ energy centers. Results: All his chakras’ were in the lowest level of energy, including the second that was the Kidney, responsible for the bone and teeth. The treatment began replenishing this chakras’ energy centers using highly diluted medications, such as homeopathies, according to the theory created by me (2020) entitled Constitutional Homeopathy of the Five Elements Based on Traditional Chinese Medicine and crystal-based medications. Conclusion: through this case reported in this article, I can say that patient with osteogenesis imperfecta has energy deficiency in the five internal massive organ, especially in the Kidney and the treatment of these energy deficiency, is very important to treat patients with osteogenesis imperfecta in the deepest level, in the energy point of view.
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Kashyap, Tripura, Karishma Arora, Anubha Doshi und Karishma Harlalka. „Chakra Awareness through Dance Movement Therapy“. Creative Arts in Education and Therapy 9, Nr. 2 (22.12.2023): 180–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15212/caet/2023/9/18.
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This article introduces a novel approach to holistic healing by integrating dance movement therapy with the Indian chakra system. The multidimensional chakra-imbued therapeutic movement sequence model, created by the authors, addresses the intricate balance of and among the seven chakras: root (muladhara), sacral (svadhisthana), solar plexus (manipura), heart (anahata), throat (vishuddha), third eye (ajna), and the crown (sahasrara). The model facilitates the awareness of energy centers and has the transformative potential to foster stability and resilience. The article highlights the efficacy of this model by illuminating customized, chakra-specific movement sequences that include body preparatory activities, movements metaphors, embodiment exercises, expressive movement, voice work, tapping, self-massage, eye movement sequence, visual imagery and art, yoga breathwork, and meditation alongside verbal reflection. This innovative approach, which is successfully adapted to online and offline studio spaces, offers a rich potential to build and develop body-self awareness and leads individuals toward sustaining and enhancing physical, cognitive, and emotional wellness within themselves.
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Gunawan, Anak Agung Ngurah, Albert Sulaiman, Anak Agung Ngurah Franky Kusumanegara, Mada Ramadan und Mulana Ramadan. „FTIR Measurement of Human Energy Fields (Evidence of the Existence of Human Inner Power)“. Instrumentation Mesure Métrologie 20, Nr. 3 (30.06.2021): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/i2m.200307.
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It was argued that human energy consists of physical energy that related to metabolism in the human body and the invisible part represented by the human energy field (HEF). This energy can be generated by a person by using a special excercise. In term of Indian metaphysical theories this energy is called “Chakras” which represents an integrated energy centers. The paper investigates the measurement the Chakra energy by looking at the effect of this energy on the molecular structure of mineral water. The experiment is carried out by providing Chakra energy generated by varying Jurus to a water sample and measured in FTIR. The existence of Chakra energy then analyzed by its effect on the spectrum. The results show that Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of the mineral water has given Chakra energy have transmitance lower than normal mineral water. The Chakra energy reduce the transmittance but the majority of them does not change a pattern or shift the top of the spectrum. The explicit energy of molecular vibration will be studied by using the Fourier decomposition. This shows that a weakening of molecular vibration occurs to the higher Jurus with a decline in the amplitude of vibration almost half or less.
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Yadav, Dr Sunil Kumar, und Dr Anita. „Exploration of NADI in Context of SHARIR“. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, Nr. 7 (31.07.2022): 5062–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.46043.
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Abstract: The word Nadi means 'flow'. In this sense, Nadis are subtle flows of energy. Nadis are not to be confused with nerves, which are related to the physical body; rather than energy body. The network of Nadis is so subtle and complex that yogic texts differ in their exact number. According to Goraksha Samhita and Hatha Yoga Pradipika Nadi are 72,000; Prapanchasara Tantra gives the number of 300,000; while the Shiva Samhita states that 350,000 Nadis emerge from the navel centre. The body of energy has its own anatomy, based on seven major energy vortices called Chakras. The word Chakra means circle, wheel or disk. The Chakra line up along a central energy channel or Nadi, which runs from the base of the spine to the the top of the head. It is called the Sushumna. The life force's main pathway through the energy body is called Sushumna (Kundalini). Primary there is central Sushumna and two others on either side. The left-side channel is the Ida. Its qualities are cool, soft, reflective, sensitive and like the moon. The Pingala or right-side channel is associated with heat, activity, and strength and much like the sun. The balance of energy flow on these two sides, affects the sensations of heat and cold in the physical body. These two channels originate in Sushumna, near the base of the spine (bulb or Kanda), and correspond to the first Chakra, Muladhara. At each of upper Chakras, as they crisscross & ascend the Sushumna. According to Gherand Samhita, “When the Nadis are full of impurities, Vayu does not enter them.” The signs of free from impurities are lean body, glowing colour, eyes are clear, body is healthy, Bindu under control, and appetite increases.
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Sadi, John. „Experimental Design to Assess the Existence of Chakras“. Journal of Scientific Exploration 36, Nr. 4 (11.02.2023): 695–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.31275/20222615.
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The existence of the chakras and their associated energy field is admitted by oriental tradition but has never been scientifically and convincingly demonstrated. After showing the weaknesses of past attempts toward this goal, the author describes preliminary experiments which enable to better specify the behavior of the chakra energy field. From these empirical results, a new experimental protocol is carefully designed and proposed, along with the relevant statistical analysis. The main experiment detailed here relies on randomly generated trials monitored by a computer to ensure that the double-blind criterion is met.
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Shah, Nidhi, und Nehal Dave. „A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DHARANA ACCORDING TO VASISTHA AND GHERAND SAMHITA“. VIDYA - A JOURNAL OF GUJARAT UNIVERSITY 2, Nr. 1 (25.05.2023): 200–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.47413/vidya.v2i1.176.
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Dharana means concentration or focussing. So, Dharana can be translated as the process of focusing or fixing the attention of mind onto one object or place; or in simple terms, Concentration. Dharana is also mentioned in Gheranda Samhita where it is clubbed under the practice of Mudras. Here the focus is on concentrating on the five chakras starting from Mooladhara Chakra (root centre) to the Vishhudhi Chakra (throat centre). This is called Pancha Dharana or Concentration on the five centres.
The famous works on Yoga do not prescribe the performance of daily and other duties. The Vasistha Samhita, on the other hand, lays down two ways for the performance of rituals. At first it divides Karma into two classes, Pravartaka and Nivartaka. As both ways are of positive action, it becomes evident that Vasistha does not approve of Karmasamnyasa or renunciation of all actions.
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WL, Huang. „Energies Alterations and Chakras’ Energies Deficiencies in Patient with Ulcerative Colitis“. Gastroenterology Open Access Open Journal 2, Nr. 1 (21.01.2021): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33169/gastro.goaoj-2-108.
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Introduction Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is a chronic, idiopathic inflammatory disease that affects the colon, most commonly afflicting adults aged 30 years to 40 years, resulting in disability. It is characterized by relapsing and remitting mucosal inflammation, starting in the rectum and extending to proximal segments of the colon. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the invasion of external pathogenic factors causing Damp-Cold and Damp-Heat, inadequate diet and violent emotions are the source of the disease. Purpose The aim of this study is to demonstrate that patients with ulcerative colitis have energies alterations and chakras’ energies deficiencies as underline causes. Methods A case report of a 32 years-old female patient with diagnosis of ulcerative colitis ten years ago (2010) and a very difficult childhood when her mother died before the disease began. The UC symptoms started with a bloated belly and excessive intestinal gas. She has been treated by proctologist doctor and was receiving Sulfasalazine medications but she was willing to have another type of treatment without using so many medications. She searched for traditional Chinese medicine treatment and the doctor did the diagnosis of Yin, Yang, Qi deficiency and Heat retention and was submitted to the radiesthesia procedure to see how her internal organs energy was. The result of this measurement was that all her six chakras were without energy (rated one out of eight) with the exception of the seventh chakra that was normal (rated in eight). The treatment consisted in Chinese dietary counseling, auricular acupuncture with apex ear bloodletting and replenishment the chakras energies using homeopathies according to Constitutional Homeopathy of the Five Elements Based on Traditional Chinese Medicine and crystal based medications. Results The patient showed a significant improvement after the treatment performed. Conclusion The conclusion of this study is that patients with ulcerative colitis have energies imbalances and chakras’ energies deficiencies as demonstrated in this case report. The corrections of these energies imbalances is important to treat the root of the problem that are the energies imbalances and chakras´energies deficiencies and not just the symptoms presented by the patient. Keywords: Ulcerative colitis; Energy; Chakras; Diet; Traditional Chinese medicine; Acupuncture; Homeopathy; Crystal-based medications.
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Mele, Claudia. „O exercício da amorosidade no trabalho criador da/do artista da cena“. Urdimento - Revista de Estudos em Artes Cênicas 1, Nr. 40 (27.04.2021): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5965/1414573101402021e0103.
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O artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre como o exercício da amorosidade pode auxiliar na transformação de si, no entendimento da importância do trabalho colaborativo e na ampliação das possibilidades criativas na prática da/o atriz/ator. A pesquisadora, professora de disciplinas corporais em faculdades de artes cênicas, observou uma mudança significativa nas relações entre as/os estudantes, dentro e fora da sala de aula, após a realização de práticas através do estudo da teoria milenar hindu do sistema de chakras, com enfoque no chakra do coração. São apresentadas sugestões de exercícios, citações de percepções das/dos alunas/os e reflexões a respeito das práticas da amorosidade.
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Maibam, Mangoljao, und B. Sharatchandra Sharma. „Local Self-Government in Manipur: A Case Study of Phayeng Gram Panchayat“. International Journal of Research and Review 10, Nr. 3 (29.03.2023): 470–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20230354.
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The institutions of local government have been functioning in India since time immemorial. The village elder’s council or village panchayat as they were popularly called, were, ancient institutions and were themselves functioning like a republic system of government. This local governance system has a distinct place, without which political system in India would have no authenticity. In Manipur also, since the early period, there was village level administration for every Loi (outcasted and low caste section of Manipuri society during the native rule in Manipur) village under the leadership of village Chief locally known as Khullakpa. He was assisted by other village officials. They were under the subjection of the King of Manipur. In the traditional village level administration, the Loi villages (especially of the Chakpa Loi origin villages like Sekmai, Phayeng, Andro etc.), the number of officers and their assignments were different from one Chakpa Loi village to another Chakpa Loi village mainly due to the different in nature and occupation of each of the Chakpa Loi village. Since the institution of the Panchayati Raj system was introduced in Manipur from early 1960s, under the United Provinces Panchayati Raj Act, 1947, the Phayeng Gram Panchayat was created as one of the Gram Panchayats under the extension of this Act in Manipur. And in Manipur, panchayat election was held in 1964. Since then, like other Gram Panchayats of Manipur, the Phayeng Gram Panchayat is also has been conducting elections till date. The present paper is an attempt mainly to analyse the participation of the electorate in the panchayat elections of this Gram Panchayat. Keywords: Chakpas, Gram Panchayat, Local Self Government, Loi, Phayeng Gram Panchayat and Pradhan.
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Rahman, Din M. Sumon. „Unruly Puppets: Producing the Urban Poor in a Bangladeshi Television Idol Competition“. International Journal of Asia Pacific Studies 17, Nr. 2 (30.07.2021): 193–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.21315/ijaps2021.17.2.8.
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Magic Tin Chakar Taroka (Magic Three-Wheeler Star) or Tin Chaka (Three- Wheeler) is a reality competition to find music talent exclusively from the urban poor of Dhaka city. This programme was shown on Bangladeshi satellite television in 2008. The present article is an ethnographic exploration of the Tin Chaka event which demonstrates how the cultural identity of the urban poor in Dhaka has been performed by the production of ordinary celebrities in the visual media. In doing so, a combination of on-screen and off-screen observations were undertaken for a period of six months which was complemented by semiological interpretation of adverts, jingles and other visual materials. In this article, I argue that, despite its admirable inclusivity and thereby remarkably instant acceptance by the audience, the reason behind the discontinuation of Tin Chaka in following years lies in the inscriptions of the show as a charitable undertaking, an act which has often been performed in the reality television programmes in the name of “democratisation”.
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Robbins, Helen G. „Joseph Chakman“. Clinical and Experimental Optometry 96, Nr. 5 (September 2013): 513–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cxo.12095.
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Mboti, Nyasha. „Song and genocide: investigating the function of Yvonne Chaka Chaka's ‘Umqombothi’ inHotel Rwanda“. Critical Arts 26, Nr. 5 (November 2012): 728–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02560046.2012.744726.
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Krog, Antjie. „‘… oi, oi! … you must go by the right path’: Mofolo’s Chaka revisited via the original text“. Tydskrif vir Letterkunde 53, Nr. 2 (22.11.2016): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2309-9070/tvl.v.53i2.1466.
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Thomas Mofolo never defended himself against accusations that his novel Chaka distorts historical facts to express anti-Nguni sentiments under the guise of Christianity. But in a way he foreshadowed the possibility of it, by including as part of his novel a sentence which has become one of his most analysed: “But since it is not our purpose to recount all the affairs of his [Chaka’s] life, we have chosen only one part which suits our present purpose”. Mofolo does not elaborate on what he means by “our present purpose”, but simply continues with the story. By focusing on the original Sesotho text, indigenous Zulu customs, African philosophy and the diversions from historical facts, this article explores other possibilities for what could have been Mofolo’s “present purpose”. My reading is that he tries to plumb what comprises ethical behaviour within a traditionally-valued, pre-Christian ethos, making Chaka arguably one of the earliest philosophical, ethical investigations via the form of the novel on the African continent.
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Soro, N’golo Aboudou. „Les Amazoulous d’Abdou Anta Kâ ou la représentation tragique de la fratrie“. Voix Plurielles 10, Nr. 2 (28.11.2013): 336–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/vp.v10i2.869.
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Dans Les Amazoulous de Abdou Anta Kâ, Chaka est un « bâtard » devenu le guide de la multitude du peuple Zoulou. Au-delà de l’héroïsme mythique de Chaka qu’elle véhicule, la pièce permet de saisir l’accomplissement du destin glorieux d’un enfant renié par son père, pourchassé par ses demi-frères et qui réussit à s’imposer et à imposer la trajectoire qu’il a voulu donner à l’histoire de son peuple. Cependant, une tension gouverne les relations entre Chaka et son demi-frère. Cette rivalité aboutie à l’assassinat de Chaka. Ce fratricide, source de tragédie précipite Latyr dans la boue de l’histoire. Il est maudit pour son acte ignoble. L’œuvre donne l’occasion au dramaturge de mettre sur les planches la rivalité au sein de la fratrie. Kâ semble poser les problématiques de la fratrie et de la gestion de l’héritage dans la famille polygame africaine.
In Abdou Anta Ka’s “Amazoulous”, Chaka is a "bastard" who became the guide of the Zulu multitude people. Beyond Chaka’s mystical heroism carries, the play allows to grasp the glorious destiny fulfillment of a child disowed by his father, chased by his half-brothers and who managed to impose and enforce the path he wanted to his people’s history. However, tension governs the relationship between Shaka and his half-brother. This rivalry resulted in the murder of Shaka. This fratricide, source of tragedy precipitates Latyr in the mud of the history. He is cursed for his ignoble act. The work gives the opportunity to the playwright to put on stage the rivalry among the siblings. Kâ seems to pose the siblings and heritage management in the African polygamous family.
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Jain, Andrea. „Chakras and Endocrine Glands“. Bulletin for the Study of Religion 39, Nr. 2 (11.05.2010): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/bsor.v39i2.005.
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This paper is an exploration of preksha dhyana as a case study of modern yoga. Preksha is a system of yoga and meditation introduced by Acarya Mahaprajna of the Jain Svetambara Terapanth in the late twentieth century. I argue that preksha is an attempt to join the newly emerging transnational yoga market whereby yoga has become a practice oriented around the attainment of physical health and psychological well-being. I will evaluate the ways in which Mahaprajna appropriates scientific discourse and in so doing constructs a new and unique system of Jain modern yoga. In particular, I evaluate the appropriation of physical and meditative techniques from ancient yoga systems in addition to the explanation of yoga metaphysics by means of biomedical discourse. I will demonstrate how, in Mahaprajna’s preksha system, the metaphysical subtle body becomes somaticized. In other words, Mahaprajna uses the bio-medical understanding of physiology to locate and identify the functions of metaphysical subtle body parts and processes in the physiological body.
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Linnell, Maxine. „Relating through the Chakras“. Self & Society 21, Nr. 6 (Januar 1994): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03060497.1994.11085388.
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Ferdous, Ahmad, Mohammad Eunus Ali, Shafiul Alam, Mahamud Hasan, Tania Hossain und Sharif Akhteruzzaman. „Allele Frequencies of 10 Autosomal STR Loci from Chakma and Tripura Tribal Populations in Bangladesh“. Molecular Biology International 2010 (06.06.2010): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2010/740152.
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Allele frequencies of ten autosomal STR loci, D3S1358, vWA, D16S539, D2S1338, D8S1179, D21S11, D18S51, D19S433, TH01, and FGA were investigated in Chakma and Tripura tribal populations of Bangladesh. In both the populations, all loci were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium except for FGA locus in Chakma and D21S11 in Tripura. All the loci were highly polymorphic in Chakma population with an observed heterozygosity (Ho) of >0.7 and moderately polymorphic in Tripura population (Ho>0.6). However, both the population showed least polymorphism at TH01 locus (Ho<0.6). A comparison between Chakma and Tripura population data revealed statistically significant differences in allele frequency distribution for most of the loci. A similar comparison with the mainstream Bengali population using previously published data from this lab also showed significant difference in allele frequency with these two tribal populations.
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A.U., Bondre. „CRITICAL REVIEW ON SAPTA CHAKRAS“. AYUSCRIPT 02, Nr. 03 (2023): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.55552/ayuscript.2023.2302.
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Chakraborty, Ruma, Pabitra Kumar Bhattacharjee, Asma Mostafa, Rozina Hoque, Rajat Sanker Roy Biswas und Momtaz Begum. „Study of Nasal Parameters Between Bengali and Chakma School Going Children of Bangladesh“. Chattagram Maa-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College Journal 16, Nr. 1 (26.12.2017): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v16i1.34984.
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Background : Anthropometry is the study of human morphology. Physical variation between the people of different ethnic groups can be recorded by anthropometry. This study was done to establish the anthropometric difference by measuring the nasal parameters among Bengali and Chakma School Going Children. The data of nasal parameters provide important information in plastic surgery, aesthetics and, nationality study and medical jurisprudence.Methods : It was an observational and cross sectional study, convenient sampling was done to select the 50 Bengali and 50 Chakma School Going Children, age ranging from 5-16 yrs old. Data were collected by using standard anthropometric methods with a sliding caliper. Values were expressed as mean ± Standard Deviation (SD).Student T test was used to compare the results.Results : In both sex, among the two ethnic groups, the mean total length and protrusion of nose in the Bengali group was significantly (<0.001) higher than the Chakma ethnicity (48.46±6.75 vs 41.34±4.17, 16.77±2.85 vs 14.48 ±2.22). The mean anatomic width of the nose was higher in Chakma ethnic group. The mean nasal index in the Bengali ethnic group was 67.60 and in the Chakma was 83.38 which shows that the mean nasal index of most Bengali (68%) falls within the Leptorrhine (Narrow nose) type and the most Chakma ethnicity (54%) in the mesorrhine (Broad nose) type.Conclusion : This result represent that the nasal parameters and index play an important role in the ethnicity difference.Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.16 (1); Jan 2017; Page 33-36
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Cheon, Hyejung. „‘Chakhan’ consumption of ‘chakhan’ companies’ ‘chakhan’ products: A study on meanings and uses of ‘chakhan’ represented in Chosun Ilbo“. Media, Gender & Culture 34, Nr. 1 (31.03.2019): 255–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.38196/mgc.2019.03.34.1.255.
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Chakma, A., M. S. Islam, A. S. Mitu, M. R. U. Rashed und M. Z. Haque. „Knowledge of Chakma farm women in homestead gardening in the selected villages of Rangamati, Bangladesh“. International Journal of Business Management and Social Research 10, Nr. 1 (2020): 536–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18801/ijbmsr.100120.56.
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The purpose of the study was to determine knowledge of Chakma farm women about homestead gardening. The study was conducted in Sapchari and Kutukchari union of Rangamati Sadar Upazila under Rangamati District. Chakma farm women of Rangamti Sadar Upazila constituted the population of the study. An update list of 400 Chakma farm women who were related to homestead gardening activities was prepared with the help of Sub-Assistant Agricultural Officer of these localities. One hundred farm women were selected as the sample of the study by using random sampling method. A well-structured interview schedule was developed based on the objectives of the study for collecting information. The researcher herself collected data through personal contact. Data revealed that majority (58%) of Chakma farm women had medium knowledge in homestead gardening followed by high knowledge (27%) and low knowledge (15%). Education, contact with extension agent, exposure to mass media and woman status in the family had significant positive relationship with knowledge of homestead gardening. Age, farm size, annual net income and cosmopoliteness had no significant relationship with knowledge of homestead gardening.
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Mikado, Sudipta Chakma. „Two Poems from the Chakma“. World Literature Today 87, Nr. 3 (2013): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wlt.2013.0079.
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Sudipta Chakma Mikado, Translated by Quamrul Hassan und Translated by David Shook. „Two Poems from the Chakma“. World Literature Today 87, Nr. 3 (2013): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.7588/worllitetoda.87.3.0053.
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Talukdar, Md Mujibul Huq, Md Ashrafuzzaman und Asma Mostafa. „Estimation of Stature from Index Finger Length and Sexual Dimorphism in Adult Chakma Males and Females“. IAHS Medical Journal 5, Nr. 1 (11.07.2022): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/iahsmj.v5i1.65786.
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Background: Estimation of stature from index finger length in adult Chakma males and females and also to observe gender difference was the main purpose of this study. Materials and methods: It was a cross-sectional analytical study conducted over 104 adult healthy Chakma males and females (52 males and 52 females) residents of Chattogram Hill Tracts area in the year 2016 and 2017. Subject selection was done by convenience sampling technique and stature and index finger length were measured and data were documented in SPSS version 19. Results: A highly significant (p<0.001) gender difference was found in index fingers length. Mean Multiplication Factor (M.F.) to estimate stature in males was 25.1239 and 25.1149 for right and left index finger respectively and in female was 25.2505 and 25.2135 for right and left index finger respectively. A highly significant (p<0.001) positive correlation was found between stature and right index finger length 0.571 and left index finger length 0.576 in Chakma males. The stature and right index finger length 0.630 and left index finger length 0.679 in Chakma females respectively. Conclusion: This study found multiplication factors for right and left index finger length to estimate stature in a correct way and found a linear correlation between stature and index fingers length. There was significant gender difference present between index fingers length in between adult Chakma males and females. IAHS Medical Journal Vol 5(1), June 2022; 22-26
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Raingruber, Bonnie. „Power Chakras and 10 Other Poems“. Qualitative Inquiry 14, Nr. 8 (Dezember 2008): 1471–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077800408322791.
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Rahayu, Ni Luh Nik, Ni Made Nopita Wati, Ni Luh Putu Thrisna Dewi und Putu Gede Subhaktiyasa. „PENGARUH GAYATRI MANTRA & EMOTIONAL FREEDOM TECHNIQUE (GEFT) TERHADAP ACADEMIC BURNOUT SYNDROME PADA MAHASISWA KEPERAWATAN TINGKAT AKHIR“. Jurnal Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (JPPNI) 6, Nr. 2 (24.09.2021): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.32419/jppni.v6i2.215.
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Mahasiswa keperawatan berisiko mengalami Academic Burnout Syndrome (ABS) akibat tuntutan akademis yang tinggi. Kondisi ABS pada mahasiswa dapat berdampak pada proses perkuliahan yang tidak maksimal. Gayatri Mantra dan Emotional Freedom Technique (GEFT) adalah terapi nonfarmakologis yang memanfaatkan aliran energi positif dalam tubuh individu itu sendiri, namun masih sedikit diketahui pengaruhnya untuk menurunkan ABS pada mahasiswa. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh GEFT terhadap ABS pada mahasiswa keperawatan. Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah quasi-experiment dengan pre-post test design with control group. Sampel sebanyak masing-masing 16 orang pada kelompok intervensi dan kontrol yang dipilih melalui purposive sampling. Intervensi GEFT dilakukan selama ± 10 menit, satu kali sehari selama 6 hari berturut-turut. Data dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner MBI-SS. Analisis data menggunakan Uji Paired T-Test dan Uji Independent T-Test. Hasil: Pada kelompok intervensi maupun kontrol saat pre-test sebagian besar responden mengalami burnout berat yaitu sebanyak 56,2%. Namun pada saat post-test pada kelompok intervensi sebanyak 56,2% responden mengalami burnout sedang dengan nilai p=0,000. Pada kelompok kontrol sebanyak 62,5% mengalami burnout berat dengan nilai p=0,917. Diskusi: Perubahan tingkat ABS pada mahasiswa keperawatan sesudah diberikan terapi GEFT dikarenakan pengucapan Gayatri Mantra diyakini dapat membantu membuka chakra pada tubuh manusia. Chakra terletak pada titik meridian tubuh manusia, sehingga bila Gayatri Mantra digabungkan dengan terapi EFT (menstimulasi titik meridian tubuh untuk menyeimbangkan energi) dapat membantu mengoptimalkan kesehatan fisik dan psikis. Kesimpulan: Diharapkan institusi pendidikan dapat melaksanakan latihan GEFT pada mahasiswa yang mengalami ABS agar dapat memelihara kondisi tetap stabil dan meningkatkan performa akademis mahasiswa.Kata Kunci: Academic burnout syndrome, gayatri mantra, emotional freedom technique, mahasiswa keperawatanEffects of Gayatri Mantra and Emotional Freedom Technique (GEFT) on Academic Burnout Syndrome (ABS)ABSTRACTNursing students are at risk of suffering from Academic Burnout Syndrome (ABS) due to high academic demands. The condition of ABS in students may affect their academic activities. Gayatri Mantra and Emotional Freedom Technique (GEFT) are non-pharmacological therapies that utilize positive energy flows in the individual's body, but little is known about their effect on reducing ABS in students. Objective: To reveal the effects of GEFT on ABS in nursing students. Methods: This research design was a quasi-experiment with a pre-posttest design with a control group. A sample size of 16 people each in the intervention and control groups were selected through purposive sampling. The GEFT intervention was made ± 10 minutes, once a day for 6 consecutive days. Data were collected using the MBI-SS questionnaire and analyzed using Paired T-Test and Independent T-Test. Results: In the intervention and control groups during the pre-test, most respondents (56.2%) experienced severe burnout. However, 56.2% of respondents in the intervention group experienced moderate burnout at the post-test with a p-value of 0.000. 62.5% of respondents in the control group experienced severe burnout with a p-value = 0.917. Discussion: The ABS levels in nursing students change after the GEFT therapy because reciting the Gayatri Mantra is believed to help open the chakras in the human body. Chakras are located at the meridian points of the human body. Therefore, when the Gayatri Mantra is combined with EFT therapy (stimulating the body's meridian points to balance energy), it can help optimize physical and psychological health. Conclusion: It is expected that educational institutions can perform GEFT exercises on students who suffer from ABS to maintain stable conditions and improve student academic performance.Keywords: Academic burnout syndrome, gayatri mantra, emotional freedom technique, nursing students
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Tapia, Stephanie, Axel M. Reyna-Rivas und Eddie E. Monroy-Ordoñez. „Historia de la medicina: modelo holístico“. TEPEXI Boletín Científico de la Escuela Superior Tepeji del Río 7, Nr. 13 (05.01.2020): 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.29057/estr.v7i13.5099.
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La energía en equilibrio, está dado por el cuerpo y el espíritu como una unidad, la ayurveda (palabra sanscrita para ciencia de la vida) explica que esta fue revelada por seres divinos la cual explica sobre muchos puntos de vista relacionados con la salud, como el uso de medicamento, hacer yoga, meditación hasta la cirugía.
Chakras este es un sistema de creencias budistas, los chakras se encuentran en distintas regiones del cuerpo, pero en lugares específico como un órgano pero invisible, que solo se mide por su energía, de los cuales seis se encuentran alineados en la columna vertebral ascendentemente y uno se cierne fuera del cuerpo entre los genitales y las rodillas. Si existiera algún bloqueo de la energía entonces se puede producir una enfermedad física o mental, para tratar desde un punto de vista terapéutico se tiene que alinear los chakras; usando piedras especiales o canticos, al igual el yoga ayuda a mantener este flujo de energía.
Los cuatro humores de igual manera que los chakras, se debían de mantener en equilibrio si se quería mantener la salud, los cuales son bilis negra, bilis amarilla, sangre y flema. Los orígenes vienen de Mesopotamia o Egipto, los cuatro humores están relacionados, con los cuatro elementos agua, tierra y aire. La teoría humeral se ocupaba de la salud mental y el temperamento además del bienestar físico, se consideraba que el equilibrio de los humores o del yin y yang era suficiente explicación de cómo funcionaba o fallaba el cuerpo.
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Singh, Dharmendra, und Krishan Kumar. „Accord on Chakma Tribal Insurgency: Revisied“. Public Affairs And Governance 3, Nr. 2 (2015): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2321-2136.2015.00011.9.
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Akhter, Suchana, Farha Sultana und Riadur Rahman Bhuiyan. „Women Empowerment in Rangamati- an Empirical Study on Chakma and Marma Community“. ABC Research Alert 8, Nr. 3 (01.10.2020): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/abcra.v8i3.488.
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This study aims to presents a brief description of the Women Empowerment in Rangamati. On the basis of data collected through a field survey as well as from the secondary sources. This study examines whether the presence of women in the income generating activities of a community is a means of empowerment. The survey covered a random sample of 100 households from both the two communities: Chakma and Marma. The findings show that the Chakma and Marma women are seemingly empowered socially and economically through their involvement in various sectors from very earlier. But they are not recognized properly due to our social system and at the same time in comparison to Marma, Chakma women are in better position both socially and economically. So, policy should take by the government to patronize these women so that they can get proper education, training, financing for business and policies for overall upbringing the social positions.
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Akhter, Suchana, Farha Sultana und Riadur Rahman Bhuiyan. „Women Empowerment in Rangamati- an Empirical Study on Chakma and Marma Community“. ABC Research Alert 8, Nr. 3 (01.10.2020): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/ra.v8i3.488.
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This study aims to presents a brief description of the Women Empowerment in Rangamati. On the basis of data collected through a field survey as well as from the secondary sources. This study examines whether the presence of women in the income generating activities of a community is a means of empowerment. The survey covered a random sample of 100 households from both the two communities: Chakma and Marma. The findings show that the Chakma and Marma women are seemingly empowered socially and economically through their involvement in various sectors from very earlier. But they are not recognized properly due to our social system and at the same time in comparison to Marma, Chakma women are in better position both socially and economically. So, policy should take by the government to patronize these women so that they can get proper education, training, financing for business and policies for overall upbringing the social positions.