Dissertationen zum Thema „Chaînes de spin quantiques“
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Platini, Thierry. „Chaînes de spins quantiques hors de l'équilibre“. Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00439896.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKulkarni, Giridhar. „Étude asymptotique des facteurs de formes des chaînes de spin quantiques“. Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCK043.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSince a long-time, the quantum integrable systems have remained an area where modern mathematical methods have given an access to interesting results in the study of physical systems. The exact computations, both numerical and asymptotic, of the correlation function is one of the most important subject of the theory of the quantum integrable models. In this context an approach based on the calculation of form factors has been proved to be a more effective one. In this thesis, we develop a new method based on the algebraic Bethe ansatz is proposed for the computation of the form-factors in thermodynamic limit. It is applied to and described in the context of isotropic XXX Heisenberg chain, which is one of the example of an interesting case of critical models where the Fermi-zone is non-compact
Lavarelo, Arthur. „De la frustration et du désordre dans les chaînes et les échelles de spins quantiques“. Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00923197.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWendenbaum, Pierre. „Intrication et dynamique de trempe dans les chaînes de spins quantiques“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0170/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe study carried in this thesis concerns the dynamics of out-Of-Equilibrium quantum systems, and more particularly their entanglement properties. Indeed, entanglement became a fundamental concept in modern physics, especially with the development of quantum information. We have in a first part studied the dynamics of a model of bosons on a lattice after the quench of their trapping potential. In the hard-Core limit, we developed an hydrodynamical theory which perfectly reproduced the observed behavior. Then, we have looked at the dynamics of two defect spins coupled to an Ising chain. When these defects have been prepared into a separable state, we have established a formula giving the evolution of the reduced density matrix, allowing us to have access to the entanglement create through the coupling to the chain. We considered then the case of two initially entangled defect spins, and we studied the influence of a non-Equilibrium environment on the disentanglement properties. Finally, the last part of this thesis is devoted to the study of a system coupled to an environment by means of the repeated interactions process. We studied the relaxation of the system in two different time regimes. For short times, the state is well described by a non-Equilibrium-Steady-State, in which we highlighted the scaling properties of some observables. For long times, the system reaches an equilibrium steady state made of a product of Bell states
Atas, Yasar Yilmaz. „Quelques aspects du chaos quantique dans les systèmes de N-corps en interaction : chaînes de spins quantiques et matrices aléatoires“. Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112221/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMy thesis is devoted to the study of some aspects of many body quantum interacting systems. In particular we focus on quantum spin chains. I have studied several aspects of quantum spin chains, from both numerical and analytical perspectives. I addressed especially questions related to the structure of eigenfunctions, the level densities and the spectral properties of spin chain Hamiltonians. In this thesis, I first present the basic numerical techniques used for the computation of eigenvalues and eigenvectors of spin chain Hamiltonians. Level densities of quantum models are important and simple quantities that allow to characterize spectral properties of systems with large number of degrees of freedom. It is well known that the level densities of most integrable models tend to the Gaussian in the thermodynamic limit. However, it appears that in certain limits of coupling of the spin chain to the magnetic field and for finite number of spins on the chain, one observes peaks in the level density. I will show that the knowledge of the first two moments of the Hamiltonian in the degenerate subspace associated with each peak give a good approximation to the level density. Next, I study the statistical properties of the eigenvalues of spin chain Hamiltonians. One of the main achievements in the study of the spectral statistics of quantum complex systems concerns the universal behaviour of the fluctuation of measure such as the distribution of spacing between two consecutive eigenvalues. These fluctuations are very well described by the theory of random matrices but the comparison with the theoretical prediction generally requires a transformation of the spectrum of the Hamiltonian called the unfolding procedure. For many-body quantum systems, the size of the Hilbert space generally grows exponentially with the number of particles leading to a lack of data to make a proper statistical study. These constraints have led to the introduction of a new measure free of the unfolding procedure and based on the ratio of consecutive level spacings rather than the spacings themselves. This measure is independant of the local level density. By following the Wigner surmise for the computation of the level spacing distribution, I obtained approximation for the distribution of the ratio of consecutive level spacings by analyzing random 3x3 matrices for the three canonical ensembles. The prediction are compared with numerical results showing excellent agreement. Finally, I investigate eigenfunction statistics of some canonical spin-chain Hamiltonians. Eigenfunctions together with the energy spectrum are the fundamental objects of quantum systems: their structure is quite complicated and not well understood. Due to the exponential growth of the size of the Hilbert space, the study of eigenfunctions is a very difficult task from both analytical and numerical points of view. I demonstrate that the groundstate eigenfunctions of all canonical models of spin chain are multifractal, by computing numerically the Rényi entropy and extrapolating it to obtain the multifractal dimensions
Voliotis, Dimitrios. „Contribution à l’étude des chaînes de spin quantique avec une perturbation aléatoire ou apériodique“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0253/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the present thesis, the critical and off-critical behaviors of quantum spin chains in presence of a random or an aperiodic perturbation of the couplings is studied. The critical behavior of the Ising and Potts random quantum chains is known to be governed by the same Infinite-Disorder Fixed Point. We have implemented a numerical version of the Strong-Disorder Renormalization Group (SDRG) to test this prediction. We then studied the quantum random Ashkin-Teller chain by Density Matrix Renormalization Group. The phase diagram, previously obtained by SDRG, is confirmed by estimating the location of the peaks of the integrated autocorrelation times of both the spin-spin and polarization-polarization autocorrelation functions and of the disorder fluctuations of magnetization and polarization. Finally, the existence of a double-Griffiths phase is shown by a detailed study of the decay of the off-critical autocorrelation functions. As expected, a divergence of the dynamical exponent is observed along the two transition lines. In the aperiodic case, we studied both the Ising and Potts quantum chains. Using numerical SDRG, we confirmed the known analytical results for the Ising chains and proposed a new estimate of the magnetic scaling dimension.For the quantum q-state Potts chain, we estimated the magnetic scaling dimension for various aperiodic sequences and showed that it is independent of q for all sequences with a vanishing wandering exponent. However, we observed that the dynamical exponent is finite and increases with the number of states q. In contrast, for the Rudin-Shapiro sequence, the results are compatible with an Infinite-Disorder Fixed Point with a diverging dynamical exponent, equipe de renormalization
Bocquet, Marc. „Chaînes de Spins, Fermions de Dirac, et Systèmes Désordonnés“. Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00001560.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFaure, Quentin. „Transitions de phases quantiques dans le composé quasi-1D antiferromagnétique de type Ising BaCo2V2O8“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAY063/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis manuscript is devoted to the study of quantum phase transitions in the BaCo2V2O8 oxide, a quasi-one dimensional antiferromagnet consisting of spin chains of cobalt magnetic ions carrying an effective spin S = 1/2 showing a strong Ising-like anisotropy. To achieve this, we have studied BaCo2V2O8 under the effect of different physical parameters.Our first study concerned the effect of a transverse magnetic field, i.e. applied perpendicularly to the Ising axis. It has been shown that when BaCo2V2O8 is subjected to such a field, an effective staggered magnetic field is induced perpendicularly to both the Ising-axis and the uniform applied field. Using neutron scattering experiments (both elastic and inelastic) compared to numerical calculations, we have proved that this staggered field competes with the Ising-like anisotropy. This leads to a very original quantum phase transition. Our system can actually be mapped onto a quantum field theory called “double sine-Gordon model”, describing the competition between two dual topological excitations. We have thus shown that BaCo2V2O8 under a transverse magnetic field is the first experimental realization of such a theory.The second study was devoted to the effect of a longitudinal magnetic field, i.e. a field applied parallel to the Ising-axis. The spin-dynamics have been investigated by means of inelastic neutron scattering experiments and it has been shown that above a critical field of 4 T, it corresponds to the one expected for a Tomonaga Luttinger liquid phase (TLL). Moreover, numerical calculations have shown that, because of the Ising-like anisotropy in this system, the majority of the spectral weight in the energy spectrum is carried by longitudinal spin fluctuations. This result is the signature of a quantum behavior without classical analogous with low energy longitudinal fluctuations driving the physics of the system. Finally, this is the first time that the dispersion spectrum for an Ising-like spin 1/2 chain could be probed in this TLL phase.The last two studies are preliminary work. The phase diagram of BaCo2V2O8 has been probed by calorimetric measurements under pressure and under a longitudinal magnetic field. Pressures up to 10 GPa have been obtained using a diamond anvil cell. We have then performed specific heat measurements allowing us to investigate the effect of pressure on the Hamiltonian of BaCo2V2O8 through its (H, P, T) phase diagram. Finally, we have also started to study the effect of the substitution of magnetic ions Co2+ by non-magnetic impurities Mg2+. The neutron diffraction experiments under a longitudinal magnetic field have shown that the critical temperature and critical field decrease proportionally to the concentration of impurities. The spin-dynamics at zero-field has also been investigated and reveals the appearance of non-dispersive magnetic modes, which possibly comes from the finite size effect of the spin chains segmented by the non-magnetic impurities.In conclusion, our experimental studies associated to numerical calculations allowed us to unveil a very rich physics in this model compound for the study of quantum magnetism and quantum phase transitions
Brunel, Vivien. „Systèmes de spins quantiques unidimensionnels. Désordre et impuretés“. Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00000893.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRoubert, Benoît. „Approche semi-classique de l'information quantique“. Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1123/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleToday, a large community of scientists is working to make possible the achievement of a quantum computer, a machine that can offer at least in theory (and especially for problems whose complexity grows exponentially with the size of the system) a degree of performance inaccessible to its classical counterpart. This thesis is looking at the possibility of producing a semi-classical approach of quantum information in two areas of interest: the cloning of a qubit, and the amplification of spin in spin chains. In the first part of this thesis is studied the role of interference in quantum cloners. We study in particular the case of cloners without interference (as defined, in the thesis) that turned out to be an intermediary case (that can be qualified of semi-classical) between purely quantum cloners (which propagate coherences and probabilities of density matrices) and classical cloners (which carry only the probabilities). In the second part, the phenomenon of amplification is studied in spin chains, which allows to amplify the state of a unique spin in a state of polarization of the entire chain, problem for which the semi-classical approach (valid because of the large number of spins) is used to show the unexpectedly important role played by the edge effects in these kind of systems
Stephan, Jean-Marie. „Intrication dans des systèmes quantiques à basse dimension“. Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA112308.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn recent years, it has been understood that entanglement measures can be useful tools for the understanding and characterization of new and exotic phases of matter, especially when the study of order parameters alone proves insufficient. This thesis is devoted to the study of a few low-dimensional quantum systems where this is the case. Among these measures, the entanglement entropy, defined through a bipartition of the quantum system, has been perhaps one of the most heavily studied, especially in one dimension. Such a quantity is usually very difficult to compute in dimension larger than one, but we show that for a particular class of wave functions, named after Rokhsar and Kivelson, the entanglement entropy of an infinite cylinder cut into two parts simplifies considerably. It can be expressed as the Shannon entropy of the probability distribution resulting from the ground-state wave function of a one-dimensional quantum system. This dimensional reduction allows for a detailed numerical study (free fermion, exact diagonalizations, \ldots) as well as an analytic treatment, using conformal field theory (CFT) techniques. We also argue that this approach can give an easy access to some refined universal features of a given wave function in general.Another part of this thesis deals with the study of local quantum quenches in one-dimensional critical systems. The emphasis is put on the Loschmidt echo, the overlap between the wave function before the quench and the wave function at time t after the quench. Because of the commensurability of the CFT spectrum, the time evolution turns out to be periodic, and can be obtained analytically in various cases. Inspired by these results, we also study the zero-frequency contribution to the Loschmidt echo after such a quench. It can be expressed as a simple overlap -- which we name bipartite fidelity -- and can be studied in its own right. We show that despite its simple definition, it mimics the behavior of the entanglement entropy very well. In particular when the one-dimensional system is critical, this fidelity decays algebraically with the system size, reminiscent of Anderson's celebrated orthogonality catastrophe. The exponent is universal and related to the central charge of the underlying CFT
Catalano, Alberto Giuseppe. „Understanding and exploiting non-local effects in quantum spin chains“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAF022.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAt the verge of the second quantum revolution, understanding and exploiting the phenomena resulting from the interplay between the intrinsic non-locality of quantum mechanics and purely non-local interactions is of crucial importance for the development of novel quantum technologies. In this thesis, we will mostly focus on the non-local effects introduced by topological frustration (TF), a form of weak frustration that was first introduced in the context of antiferromagnetic quantum spin chains by applying the so called frustrated boundary conditions, realized as a combination of periodic boundary conditions and odd number of spins. Our goal is double. From one side, we will further improve the theoretical understanding of topologically frustrated phases. Beyond these theoretical implications, this work will demonstrate that TF spin chains exhibit compelling technological potential, proposing them as competitive candidates for the development of robust and efficient quantum batteries
Bertaina, Sylvain. „Résonance paramagnétique électronique de BaCu2Ge2O7 : matériau modèle pour l'étude des chaînes de spins quantiques avec interaction Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya“. Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010915.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSoriano, Loïc. „Etude par résonance paramagnétique électronique de la cohérence de spin dans les composés organiques (o-DMTTF)2X (X = CI, BR,I,NO2 et NO3)“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AIXM0514.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis focuses on the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) study of the one-dimensionnal organic salts (o-DMTTF)2X with centrosymmetric (X = Cl, Br and I) andnon centrosymmetric (X = NO2, NO3) counteranions. These organic compounds are antiferromagnetic spin 1/2 chains and below TSP a spin-Peierls transition occurs. At high temperature we have studied their uniform spin chains behavior. During spin-Peierls transition, we have determined the spin gap and dimerisation temperature dependences. At lower temperature we have provided evidence of intrinsic defects which pinned magnetic solitons. We have shown that the one-half of the total number of solitons are in isolation whereas the other half form pairs with a strong magnetic coupling. The Rabi oscillations of both the single-soliton and the soliton-dimer have been observed and they have respectly the spin dynamics of spin 1/2 and spin 1. In a second time, by means of pulse EPR sequences we have studied decoherence and spin relaxation mechanisms in spin chains. For this purpose we have identified relaxation processes involved in the spin-lattice relaxation, the dominant process is sometimes Orbach next time Raman. We have identified and quantified electron spin decoherence sources like spectral and instantaneous diffusion. We have found that our system has an intrinsic coherence lifetime not related to the concentration of defects. This work tries to make the connection between strongly correlated magnets and diluted spin systems
Belliard, Samuel. „Applications de l'ansatz de Bethe Algébrique et au-delà“. Chambéry, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CHAMS037.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this thesis, we will discuss quantum integrable systems and spin chains. We will present the notion of quantum integrability and a related algebraic structure, the quantum group. This study allows us to introduce the « universal» spin chains used by the Annecy group few years ago. These « universal » chains encompass all the spins chains studied in the literature. The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate, with the algebraic Bethe ansatz (ABA), the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of these « universal» spins chains. We will discuss the case of closed and open spin chains. This study will highlight the limit of the ABA for open spins chains and we will present a new mathematical framework that may allow to find the spectral problem in this case. We will also discuss the computation of the scalar product between two eigenvectors obtained with the ABA
Vu, Thi Thao. „Les relations de q-Dolan-Grady d'ordre supérieur et certains systèmes intégrales quantiques“. Thesis, Tours, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUR4027/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this thesis, the connection between recently introduced algebraic structures (tridiagonal algebra, q-Onsager algebra, generalized q-Onsager algebras), related representation theory (tridiagonal pair, Leonard pair, orthogonal polynomials), some properties of these algebras and the analysis of related quantum integrable models on the lattice (the XXZ open spin chain at roots of unity) is considered
Bondesan, Roberto. „Edge states and supersymmetric sigma models“. Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00808736.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDutoit, Charles-Emmanuel. „Etude par résonance paramagnétique électronique des composés organiques (TMTTF)₂X (X=AsF₆,PF₆ et SbF₆)“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4334.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis focuses on the study by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) of the quasi-one-dimensional charge transfer salts (TMTTF)₂X (X=AsF₆, PF₆, SbF₆), model materials of quantum spin chains. First, we have examined in continuous wave and on a wide range of temperature and frequency, the charge-ordered phase already observed in these materials below the temperature TCO. We have identified two new phenomena at T≺TCO: the rotation of the principal axes of the g factor and a structural change related to a doubling of the unit cell parameter. A quantum chemical calculation was carried out using DFT confirming our experimental results. In the second part of the thesis, we have presented the results obtained by EPR in continuous wave and pulsed wave on the correlated defects study in spin chain systems. In continuous wave, we have detected for the first time a narrow EPR line at low temperature, suggesting the presence of correlated defects having the characteristics of solitons. The pulsed EPR measurements allowed us to observe the first Rabi oscillations of trapped solitons and to determine their robust character. These latter results offer an alternative approach for spin qubits in quantum information processing
Jin, Tony. „From noisy spin chains to quantum exclusion processes : case studies of stochastic open quantum many-body systems“. Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEE033.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis is devoted to the study of open many-body quantum systems in interaction with the environment, both in or out-of-equilibrium. The approach presented relies on quantum stochastic processes. We first study the behaviour of spin chain models when put in contact with an external environment which causes random local dephasing of the spins. It is shown that in the limit of strong noise and long time, a purely diffusive dynamics emerge. The effective dynamics describing this limit can be interpreted as fermions hopping between nearest neighbour sites on a lattice with random jumps amplitude. The stationary distribution reached in the long-time limit is described for two specific cases: One equilibrium situation where we choose periodic boundary conditions, one out-of-equilibrium situation where the boundaries are connected to reservoirs injecting and removing fermions at a given rate. In both cases, it is shown that these distributions fulfil a principle of large deviations. Additionally, an explicit mapping to classical symmetric simple exclusion process is put forward, justifying the name of our model: "The quantum symmetric simple exclusion process". Finally, we also study the case where the noise is generated by continuous monitoring of the spin chain. We describe the long time and strong noise dynamics which is given by quantum jumps between pointer states of the chain. It is shown that this Markov process possesses the same transition rates that the classical symmetric simple exclusion process
Camara, Ibrahima Sock. „Étude, par Résonance de Spin Électronique, de la dynamique des spins dans les composés à base de dimères de spins 1/2, CsV2O5, VO(HPO4)*0.5H2O et KZn(H2O)(VO)2(PO4)2(H2PO4)“. Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille Université, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00747670.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVillar, Vincent. „Etude expérimentale des effets quantiques dans deux systèmes de spins : aimant moléculaire Fe8 et chaîne de spins quantiques“. Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GRE10255.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGrijalva, Sebastian. „Boundary effects in quantum spin chains and Finite Size Effects in the Toroidal Correlated Percolation model“. Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASP093.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis is divided in two parts: The first one presents a 2D statistical model of correlated percolation on a toroidal lattice. We present a protocol to construct long-range correlated surfaces based on fractional Gaussian surfaces and then we relate the level sets to a family of correlated percolation models. The emerging clusters are then numerically studied, and we test their conformal symmetry by verifying that their planar-limit finite-size corrections follow the predictions of Conformal Field Theory. We comment also the behavior of three-point functions and provide a numerical code to reproduce the results.The second part of the thesis studies the quantum integrable XXZ spin-1/2 chain with open boundary conditions for even and odd number of sites. We concentrate in the anti-ferromagnetic regime and use the Algebraic Bethe Ansatz to determine the configurations that arise in terms of the boundary fields. We find the conditions of existence of quasi-degenerate ground states separated by a gap to the rest of the spectrum. We calculate the boundary magnetization at zero temperature and find that it depends on the field at the opposite edge even in the semi-infinite chain limit. We finally calculate the time autocorrelation function at the boundary and show that in the even-size case it is finite for the long-time limit as a result of the quasi-degeneracy
Allen, Dave. „Étude des chaînes de spins par les méthodes de la théorie quantique des champs“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0004/NQ40506.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAbriet, Stéphane. „Dynamique hors équilibre dans le modèle XY et la chaîne quantique d'Ising“. Nancy 1, 2004. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2004_0034_ABRIET.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe study through Monte Carlo simulations, the out of equilibrium dynamics in the two- and three-dimensional XY models following a quench. In the 2D XY-model, we focus on the critical dynamics starting from fully ordered, critical or disordered initial states. Thanks to the spin-wave approximation and scaling arguments, we depict the dynamical behaviour of the two-time autocorrelation and response functions and we analyse the violation of the fluctuation dissipation theorem. We apply this study to the 3D XY-model which exhibits a dynamical behaviour in agreement with present conjectures. We also consider the relaxational dynamics of the random Ising quantum chain at T=0. Numerically, we observe an algebraic decay of the transverse magnetisation. The asymptotic behaviour of the correlation between surface spins has been interpreted through analytical arguments
Pop, Ioan Mihai. „Sauts quantiques de phase dans des chaînes de jonctions Josephson“. Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00586075.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBaboux, Florent. „Effets spin-orbite géants sur les modes collectifs de spin de puits quantiques“. Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01020564.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTati, Bismaths Logane. „Étude du mouvement du spin d’électrons dans les puits quantiques dépendant du spin“. Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2008/TATI_BISMATHS_Logane_2008.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the first part of my PhD I studied the spin-motion of spin-polarized electrons in the quantum well system Au/Co(001). The existence of a ferromagnetic interface and of quantum interferences leads to an oscillatory behaviour of the spin-motion angles. I also showed that these oscillations are well described by a Fabry-Perot interferometer model, and that the simulation of the experimental data allows the study of the spin-dependent reflection properties of the buried interface which are not directly accessible. In the second part, I performed a similar study of the system Fe/Ag(001). Two periods of oscillations were identified in this case: a long one due to quantum interference of electrons in the Fe films, and a short one with the period of one monolayer, which are attribute to the periodic variation of the morphology of the Fe film, alterning between filled and incompletely filled atomic layers
Tati, Bismaths Logane Weber Wolfgang. „Étude du mouvement du spin d'électrons dans les puits quantiques dépendant du spin“. Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2008. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/985/01/TATI_BISMATHS_Logane_2008.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDesfonds, Pascal. „Interaction hyperfine spin du trou-spin des noyaux dans les boites quantiques d’InAs/GaAs“. Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066718.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNoui, Karim. „Gravitation quantique et groupes quantiques“. Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20080.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChiorescu, Irinel. „Effets quantiques magnétiques dans deux cas limites : molécules à haut spin et à bas spin“. Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10198.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVan, Den Berg Tineke. „Conductivité de spin et effets magnétiques dans les systèmes quantiques désordonnés“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4812/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSpintronics is a research area that is concerned with the storage and transfer of information by means of electron spins. In the first part we investigated the intrinsic spin Hall effect in the presence of disordered magnetic impurities in a paramagnetic state in a two dimensional electron gas with Rashba spin-orbit coupling. In the presence of weak magnetic disorder the spin Hall conductivity stays close to its universal (clean system) value, as shown by analytical linear response calculations and numerical simulations. Heavy spin conductivity fluctuations are observed, that increase with disorder strength. To investigate the spreading of a wavepacket on a lattice we measure the wavepacket width, the inverse participation ratio and the (2)-fractal dimension. It is shown the system undergoes a localization transition at a critical disorder strength. In the localized regime the local density of states is not uniform anymore. An anti-ferromagnetic correlation between electron spins and impurity magnetic moments is observed. Beyond the localization transition the spin conductivity increases significantly. The first quantum (Cooperon) corrections in the linear response formalism are shown to contribute positively to the spin Hall conductivity. In the second part the double exchange Hubbard model for correlated electron systems is studied using dynamical mean field theory (DMFT) with the non-crossing approximation (NCA). Around quarter filling an orbital polaron is observed, numerically and in an effective Hamiltonian. Double exchange in dilute magnetic semiconductors is studied using the coherent potential approximation (CPA)
Ben, Cheikh Zouhour. „Étude des ondes de spin dans des puits quantiques CdMnTe“. Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01001986.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSauret, Olivier. „Transport de spin dans des points quantiques et information quantique“. Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004GRE10191.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis applies nanoelectronics to quantum information. Electron spin is used to carry information. It is controlled and manipulated in nanocircuits with one more quantum dots. Because of Coulomb blocade quantum dots allow the transport one by one of electrons (or spins). The first part of this thesis develops theoretical methods to study nanocircuits with quantum dots. Quantum master equations describes the evolution of a system by the evolution of its density matrix. From them, one can get average current and current correlation between two points of the circuits. We particularly insist on spin-resolved current noise, which allows to distinguish coulombian correlation introduced by repulsion between electrons and correlations due to pauli principle. These methods are applied in the second part to devices aimed at performing elementary operations for quantum information. A device, composed of one superconductor coupled to two information. A spin-teleportation protocol is then proposed. The correspondong device is in principle autocontrolled by coulombien interaction
Ben, Cheikh Harrek Zouhour. „Étude des ondes de spin dans des puits quantiques CdMnTe“. Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20071/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis focuses on the study of spin waves in n-doped CdMnTe quantum wells using respectively time-resolved Kerr rotation (TRKR) and four-wave mixing (FWM) techniques. We studied three high mobility samples with different characteristics.The TRKR technique gives access only to zero wave vector excitations, in our case the spin- flip wave q = 0 . We studied the anticrossing that appears between the spin -flip wave and the manganese spin -flip excitation. We studied the gap variation energy between these modes as function on the power excitation and the magnetic field. In particular, we have extended the measurements of mixed modes at lower Mn concentration (up 0.07 %) and contrary to what were expected; we found that the strong coupling regime persists at this concentration.We are then interested in determining the two dimensional electron gas spin polarization ζ, which can be deduced from the energy coupling between the mixed modes. We found that the measured polarization exceeds the theoretical polarization calculated taking into account the increased susceptibility by many-body effects. We also measured the electron spin relaxation time and we have shown that it is influenced by thermal effects inherent to optical pump-probe experiments on this time.In the second part of this thesis, we studied by FWM the damping and the dispersion of the non-zero wave vector spin waves for one of our samples. We have demonstrated that we can actually generate spin waves in femtosecond excitation and deted them by FWM. We found that the dispersion is lower than that observed in the Raman experiments. This low dispersion may be due to the strong excitation density used in the FWM experiments (typically three to four orders of magnitude higher than the Raman ones) and / or the fact that two waves of wave vector q and - q, having different dispersions are simultaneously probed in FWM
Lafuente-Sampietro, Alban. „Contrôle optique du spin d'un atome magnétique dans un semiconducteur : spin hybride trou-Manganèse et Chrome“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAY003/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTwo different single spin systems are studied in this thesis: single Mn spin in positively charged quantum dots, and single Cr atom in a neutral quantum dots. Both are probed optically, using the photoluminescence of a single dot. Both systems are strongly coupled to phonons and strains. This coupling opens new ways to probe and control the spins of the magnetic atoms, not only optically, but also by modulating the strain state at their position.Using resonant photoluminescence, we demonstrate the existence of optical Λ-level systems in Mn-doped positively charged quantum dots, and use them to study the dynamics of the hole-Mn hybrid spin. It reveals hole-Mn spin flip-flops in the nanosecond range due to the interplay of the interaction with acoustic phonons and the hole-Mn exchange interaction. We also show that degenerated electron-Mn states separated by spin flips of two units are coupled through the in-plane strain anisotropy, and study this strain induced coherent dynamics.Using magneto-optic experiments, we are able to probe the spin of a single Cr atom and extract a magnetic anisotropy D0 in the meV range. Several parameters of the QD are extracted from these experiments, and, especially, we show that the h-Cr coupling is anti-ferromagnetic. We demonstrate that the Cr spin can be prepared using resonant optical pumping. These experiments evidence a Cr relaxation time under excitation in the 10 nanoseconds range. This relaxation is driven by hole-Cr spin flip-flops caused by the interplay of the interaction with acoustic phonons and the hole-Cr exchange interaction. A relaxation in the dark in the microseconds range was also measured. Possibility of control of the Cr spin was also demonstrated using the optical Stark effect
Baamara, Youcef. „Gaz quantiques, corrélations et métrologie quantique“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS482.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the initial part of this thesis, we explore the potential of non-Gaussian spin states, offering analytical frameworks and suggesting practical implementations, to enhance precision in parameter estimation and field mapping applications. Initially, we identify the scaling behavior of the quantum gain offered by over-squeezed spin states induced through one-axis twisting as a function of time, taking systematically into account pertinent decoherence processes. Despite exhibiting a quantum metrological advantage surpassing that of spin-squeezed Gaussian states, the extraction of such large quantum gain in parameter estimation protocols requires measuring observables that are nonlinear functions of the three components of the collective spin. Subsequently, we illustrate the efficacy of measurement-after-interaction techniques, known for amplifying output signals in quantum parameter estimation protocols, in measuring nonlinear collective spin observables. By examining a system comprising atoms distributed in spatially separated and individually accessible modes, we then establish that a substantial quantum gain, corresponding to squeezed and over-squeezed spin states, can be achieved in multiparameter estimation protocols through the measurement of Hadamard coefficients of a 1D or 2D signal. When combined with image processing techniques, we finally show that this approach can be made practical. In the second part of this thesis, we extend the Bell inequalities and nonlocal correlation witnesses as previously presented in the literature to scenarios involving a set of atoms distributed across lattice sites, with non-zero probability of encountering sites that may be either empty or doubly occupied
Van, Den Berg Tineke. „Conductivité de spin et effets magnétiques dans les systèmes quantiques désordonnés“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4812.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSpintronics is a research area that is concerned with the storage and transfer of information by means of electron spins. In the first part we investigated the intrinsic spin Hall effect in the presence of disordered magnetic impurities in a paramagnetic state in a two dimensional electron gas with Rashba spin-orbit coupling. In the presence of weak magnetic disorder the spin Hall conductivity stays close to its universal (clean system) value, as shown by analytical linear response calculations and numerical simulations. Heavy spin conductivity fluctuations are observed, that increase with disorder strength. To investigate the spreading of a wavepacket on a lattice we measure the wavepacket width, the inverse participation ratio and the (2)-fractal dimension. It is shown the system undergoes a localization transition at a critical disorder strength. In the localized regime the local density of states is not uniform anymore. An anti-ferromagnetic correlation between electron spins and impurity magnetic moments is observed. Beyond the localization transition the spin conductivity increases significantly. The first quantum (Cooperon) corrections in the linear response formalism are shown to contribute positively to the spin Hall conductivity. In the second part the double exchange Hubbard model for correlated electron systems is studied using dynamical mean field theory (DMFT) with the non-crossing approximation (NCA). Around quarter filling an orbital polaron is observed, numerically and in an effective Hamiltonian. Double exchange in dilute magnetic semiconductors is studied using the coherent potential approximation (CPA)
Jamonneau, Pierre. „Vers le développement de technologies quantiques à base de spins nucléaires dans le diamant“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLN052/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAt a time where processing and exchanging big sets of data is one of the main challenge of our society, the development of technologies related to information based on the principles of quantum physics offer interesting new perspectives. This thesis is within the context of the emergence of new quantum technologies based on artificial atoms. We are particularly interested in the opportunities offered by single nuclear spins in diamond. The beginning of this thesis introduces the properties of the NV coloured center of diamond. In particular, we explain how the NV defect electronic spin can be used to detect nuclear spins dispersed in the diamond matrix. By making use, the anisotropic nature of the hyperfine interaction between the NV electron spin and 13C nuclear spins, we demonstrate nuclear spin initialization close to the nuclear spin levels anti-crossing. The specific structure of the spin system’s energy levels enables us to revisit the phenomenon of coherent population trapping with a single nuclear spin at room temperature. Finally, in the aim of developing new technologies based on this spin system, we describe the beginning of a project going towards the implementation of the micro-wave detection of a single electronic spin in diamond. This project is aiming to get rid of the optical illumination which is the main source of decoherence of the nuclear spin quantum state in diamond. The results obtained in this thesis about the control of spin systems in diamond, can be combined with the development of hybrid quantum systems. Thus, the combination of the long coherence time of nuclear spins with the computing performances of superconducting qu-bits is a promising development of quantum information technology
Allegra, Nicolas. „Propriétés critiques des modèles de dimères, de chaînes de spin et d’interfaces“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0203/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe study carried in this thesis concerns classical and quantum critical phenomena. Indeed, critical behaviors and phase transitions are fundamental topics in modern statistical physics and field theory and we propose in this thesis to study some models which exhibit such behaviors both at equilibrium and out of equilibrium. In the first part of the thesis, some properties of the two-dimensional dimer model are studied. This model has been studied extensively in the statistical physics and mathematical communities and a lot of applications in condensed matter physics exist. Here we propose to focus on exact solutions of the model and conformal invariance in order to have a deep understanding of this model in presence of monomers, and/or boundaries. The same kind of tools are then used to explore another important phenomenon appearing in dimer models and spin chains: the arctic circle. The goal was to find a proper field theoretical description of this phenomenon using exact solutions and asymptotic analysis. The second part of the thesis concerns out of equilibrium critical phenomena in the context of interface growth models. This field of research is very important nowadays, mainly because of the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation and its relations with random matrix ensembles. The phenomenology of these models in presence of boundaries is studied via exact solutions and numerical simulations, we show that surprising behaviors appear close to the boundaries
Camirand, Lemyre Julien. „Nanofabrication de boîtes quantiques latérales pour l'optimisation de qubits de spin“. Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5771.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLe, Jeune Paul. „Coherence optique, coherence de spin dans les puits quantiques a semiconducteurs“. Toulouse, INSA, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ISAT0018.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNguyen, Van Duy. „Modes normaux des oscillations de la phase supraconductrice dans des chaînes de jonctions Josephson“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAY050/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe subject of thesis is a theorerical study of normal modes of plasma oscillations in superconducting Josephson junction chains. The properties of these normal modes can be controlled by choosing an appropriate spatial modulation of the junction parameters along the chain and/or an appropriate coupling to the external environment. The theoretical work at LPMMC is performed in a close collaboration with the experimental Quantum Coherence group at Néel Institute. The specific problems studied in this thesis are : detailed modeling of the normal mode coupling to the environment for probing them in a microwave transmission experiment, intrinsic dissipation of plasma oscillations due to the presence of non-equilibrium quasi-particles, optimization of the spatial structure of the Josephson junction chain for its use as a super-inductance
Bobroff, Julien. „Impuretés et Systèmes Corrélés : des chaînes aux cuprates supraconducteurs“. Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005934.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKitanine, N. „Fonctions de corrélation des chaînes de spin. Approche de l'ansatz de Bethe algébrique“. Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Cergy Pontoise, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00175290.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLa méthode présentée dans ce mémoire est basée sur l'ansatz de Bethe algébrique. Je montre comment cette méthode peut être utilisée pour le calcul des fonctions de corrélation à température nulle de la chaîne de spin 1/2 de Heisenberg. Le point principal de cette approche est la solution du problème inverse quantique obtenue pour la chaîne de spin 1/2 XXZ. Cette solution ainsi qu'une formule simple pour les produits scalaires des états de Bethe nous a permit d'obtenir les fonctions de corrélation les plus fondamentales ("les blocs élémentaires") sous forme d'intégrales multiples.
Ces représentations sous forme d'intégrales multiples permettent de faire un analyse asymptotique pour quelques quantités physiques (probabilité de formation du vide) et même, dans certains cas particuliers, de les calculer d'une manière exacte.
Il est possible d'obtenir à partir de ces représentations des résultats pour les fonctions à deux points, c'est à dire les fonctions de corrélation les plus importantes pour les applications. Un lien est établi entre ces intégrales multiples et les sommes de facteurs de forme. Ce résultat est généralisé aux fonctions de corrélation dynamiques.
Je présente aussi dans ce mémoire les généralisations de
cette méthode aux chaînes de spin supérieur à 1/2 et aux chaînes de spin à bords ouverts.
Léger, Yoan. „Détection de spins individuels dans les boîtes quantiques magnétiques“. Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10130.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleUsing a micro-spectroscopy setup, we studied II-VI semiconductor quantum dots containing a single magnetic impurity (Mn atom). The emission of these systems is controlled by the interactions between the confined carriers and the Mn spin. The different parameters controlling these interactions were determined by magneto. Optical experiments. By analysing the emission spectrum of some of these magnetic quantum dots, we can detect directly the spin state of the magnetic impurity. The detection conditions are strongly influenced by the dot shape anisotropy or an inhomogeneous distribution of strains in the local environment of the dot. The effects of these phenomena were studied in details. We also studied the magneto-optical properties of the different charged states of magnetic quantum dots. This shows the possibility ta control electrically or optically the magnetic anisotropy of nanoscopic magnetic systems. Finally, we began ta study the dynamics of these systems. Single spin temporal fluctuations were pointed out by analysing the statistics of photons emitted by single magnetic quantum dots
Favero, Ivan. „Décohérence, symétries et relaxation de spin dans les boites quantiques de semiconducteurs“. Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011133.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDareys, Bruno. „Etude dynamique des excitons dans les puits quantiques : formation, relaxation de spin“. Toulouse, INSA, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ISAT0010.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFavero, Ivan. „Décohérence, symétries et relaxation de spin dans les boîtes quantiques de semiconducteurs“. Paris 6, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011133.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLéger, Yoan. „Détection de spins individuels dans les boîtes quantiques magnétiques“. Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00202472.
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