Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Cellule solaire à pigment photosensible“
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Dissertationen zum Thema "Cellule solaire à pigment photosensible"
Segalina, Alekos. „Computational modeling of photoactive materials and heterointerfaces for solar energy conversion“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0284.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this thesis we have dealt with the computational modelling of materials and molecular systems that are used in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and dye-sensitized photoelectrosynthetic cells (DSPECs). In particular, we have addressed the study of the elements composing these devices, i.e. dyes, semiconductors and interfaces, by means of computational chemistry techniques, paying special attention to the modelling of the dynamical, optical and electronic structure properties.The complexity of the systems and the physical processes involved requires the combined use of different theoretical methodologies, as detailed below. A perylene diimide (PDI) dye in solution has been investigated by combining Density Functional Theory based methods and classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In particular, we focused on the excited state properties of its aggregates and on the simulation of its electronic absorption spectrum by taking into account vibronic effects. In this context, to have a reliable description of the potential energy surface we made use of a specifically parameterized Quantum-Mechanically Derived Force Field (QMD-FF). Regarding the semiconductors, we have studied different phases of WO₃, that is an n-type semiconductor, using methods based on the Green’s Functions in order to rationalize the role of the crystal lattice distortion on the band structure and on the electronic and optical properties. Lastly, we have studied a simplified, albeit realistic model, of a dye-sensitized NiO interface (C343@NiO(100)) by combining ab initio molecular dynamic (AIMD) and GW calculations to describe the role of thermal effects and of the environmental solvent molecules on the interfacial energy-level alignment
Ibrahim, Michael. „Polyaniline-Oxyde de Titane : un composite pour la récolte et le stockage d’énergie“. Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10330/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis is divided in three parts. The first one deals with the synthesis of polyaniline (PANI), a hole conducting polymer, used in many applications. By varying the quantities of the monomer and the oxidant while fixing the molar ratio at 1:1.25, and by adding magnesium oxide, novel echinoid-like and PANI needles were formed. The formation mechanism of the 1D structures is explained using the multi-layer theory. The second section is devoted for the fabrication of low cost single-layered photovoltaic devices based on the working principle of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). In 1991, Grätzel reintroduced the photo-electrochemical effect by developing the first DSSC, one of the third generation solar cells, formed of a TiO2 film (photoanode) sensitized using a dye and an electrolyte regenerating the excited dye. Despite their low cost, DSSCs face many problems such as the high cost of the dye, leaking of the electrolyte, sublimation of the I-/I3- through I2, etc. To solve these problems a single layer photovoltaic device has been developed. Composites formed of PANI, and TiO2 are the basis of the new generation photovoltaics. The in-situ polymerization of aniline inside a titania solution results in a strong interaction between PANI and TiO2 particles where a core (TiO2)/shell (PANI) structure exists inside the composite. In the single-layered photovoltaic device based on PANI-TiO2 composite, PANI is considered as sensitizer at the photoanode and as polyelectrolyte deeper inside the composite layer. In addition, textiles fabricated using such composites generated a voltage of 0.6 V and a current of 1 A/m2 when ethanol is injected in the solar cell. A new architecture has been developed to enhance the performance of the device and at the same time to store the converted energy for later use. The final part is devoted to the fabrication of DSSCs based on natural dyes. Anthocyanin; a halochromic natural dye responsible for the red color in plants, extracted from red cabbage was used to sensitize TiO2 films. This property results in the fabrication of DSSCs with different colors and photovoltaic behavior. At a pH equal to 0, a Voc and Jsc of 520 mV and 185 μA/cm2 were respectively recorded proving the possibility of using red cabbages as a very low cost dye source for DSSCs
Bessi, Matteo. „Development of new highly conjugated molecules and their application in the field of renewable energy and biomaterials“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAF056/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn recent years hybrid functional materials began to be employed in a series of technologically advanced applications spanning from bio/medical sensors, to renewable energy generation. For this reason, they became the focus of several studies in the field of materials science. At the same time, conjugated molecules have also been intensively investigated, due to the properties arising by the presence of long π-conjugated systems, from the possibility to conduct electricity to the ability to absorb light in a wide range of wavelengths. This PhD work focused on the introduction of such systems in two different kinds of hybrid materials, namely photovoltaic devices for the production of electricity (in particular Dye Sensitzed Solar Cells) and alternative fuels (hydrogen), and biocompatible stimuli-responsive hydrogels (capable to conduct electricity and to react upon irradiation), and on the study of their influence on the characteristics of the final material
Ibrahim, Michael. „Polyaniline-Oxyde de Titane : un composite pour la récolte et le stockage d'énergie“. Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00740808.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBessi, Matteo. „DEVELOPMENT OF NEW HIGHLY CONJUGATED MOLECULES AND THEIR APPLICATION IN THE FIELD OF RENEWABLE ENERGY AND BIOMATERIALS“. Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1066871.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn recent years hybrid functional materials began to be employed in a series of technologically advanced applications spanning from bio/medical sensors, to renewable energy generation. For this reason, they became the focus of several studies in the field of materials science. At the same time, conjugated molecules have also been intensively investigated, due to the properties arising by the presence of long π-conjugated systems, from the possibility to conduct electricity to the ability to absorb light in a wide range of wavelengths. This PhD work focused on the introduction of such systems in two different kinds of hybrid materials, namely photovoltaic devices for the production of electricity (in particular Dye Sensitzed Solar Cells) and alternative fuels hydrogen), and biocompatible stimuli-responsive hydrogels (capable to conduct electricity and to react upon irradiation), and on the study of their influence on the characteristics of the final material.
Ces dernières années, les matériaux fonctionnels hybrides ont commencé à être employés pour des applications de la haute technologie, allant des senseurs bio/médicaux, à la production d’énergie renouvelable. Pour cette raison, ils sont devenus le centre de plusieurs études dans le domaine des sciences des matériaux. Simultanément, des molécules conjuguées ont été examinée intensément à cause de leurs propriétés venant de leurs longs systèmes π, allant de la possibilité de conduire l’électricité, à leur capacité d’absorber la lumière dans une grande fenêtre spectrale. Le travail de cette thèse se concentre sur l’introduction de tels systèmes dans deux sortes de matériaux hybrides, les dispositifs photovoltaïques pour la production d’électricité (en particuliers les cellules solaires à pigment photosensible) et de carburants alternatifs (hydrogène), et pour les hydrogels biocompatibles sensibles aux stimuli (capables de conduire l’électricité et de réagir sous irradiation), et sur l’étude de leur influence sur les caractéristiques du matériau final.
Yvon-Bessette, André. „Développement et caractérisation de dérivés dipyrrométhène pour des applications dans le domaine du photovoltaïque“. Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/15844.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis research project carried out in industrial collaboration with Saint-Jean Photochemicals Inc. / PCAS Canada aims at the development and characterization of dipyrromethene derivatives for photovoltaic applications. The quest for harvesting near- infrared photons was the central focus and various structural modifications were explored to improve the power conversion efficiency of organic and dye-sensitized solar cells (OPV and DSSC, respectively). Three families of chromophores which embedded a dipyrromethene motif were synthesized and characterized through spectroscopy, electrochemistry, X-ray diffraction and computationnal modelization in order to establish their structure-properties relationship. The first family includes six azadipyrromethenes with potential for tetradentate coordination on metallic centers. The development of a new asymmetric synthetic route together with the classical symmetric one allowed access to all possible combinations of derivatives including 2-hydroxyphenyl, 2-methoxyphenyl and 2-pyridyl substituents in the proximal position of the dipyrromethene. Modulation of the absorption maxima in the red ranged between 598 and 619 nm. Also, having methoxy or hydroxy substituents provided an increase of the violet absorption (~410 nm) as established by modelization. Electrochemical characterization showed that the tetradentate azadipyrromethenes were generally less stable towards redox processes as compared to their bidentate counter- parts. The second family includes ten asymmetric benzo[b]-fused BODIPYs where the proximal aryl was systematically modified in order to assess the impact of electron-rich substituents and fused aromatic cycles. The derivatives were further compared to a wide series of related BODIPYs. Empirical results showed the optoelectronic properties are dictated by the extend of electronic communication between the proximal aryl, the pyrrol to which it is attached and the adjacent indolic moiety. Absorption maxima in the red were modulated between 547 nm and 628 nm and the fluorescence was in the near-infrared. One compound proved to be a potential candidate for photovoltaic and pH probe applications. The third family includes five neutral RuII polypyridine complexes bearing a cyclometalated azadipyrromethene ligand. The compounds exhibit strong light absorption in the 600 – 800 nm range (red to near-infrared) that tails beyond 1100 nm in the terpyridine-based adducts. Analysis of the optoelectronic properties showed a significant impact of this novel cyclometalation strategy for dipyrromethene derivatives and paved the way for further incorporation of the resulting complexes as photosensitizers in OPV and DSSC. In collaboration with the group of Pr Gerald J. Meyer at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the capacity of one compound to photo-inject its electron into the conduction band of the TiO2 semiconductor was established, a first step towards their use in dye-sensitized solar cells. The structural instability in solution of the complexes hindered their full potential for photovoltaic applications and suggestions to improve them are proposed based on the knowledge acquired in the course of this thesis.