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1
Penny, Colin. „Controlled breeding in cattle“. In Practice 20, Nr. 7 (Juli 1998): 351–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/inpract.20.7.351.
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ХАЙНАЦКИЙ, В. Ю. „BEEF CATTLE BREEDING INFRACTRUCTURE“. Molochnoe i miasnoe skotovodstvo, Nr. 5 (14.10.2022): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33943/mms.2022.65.86.001.
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Вопросы развития мясного скотоводства нельзя рассматривать в отрыве от всей инфраструктуры подотрасли. Селекционные достижения в видеживотных и стад с высоким генетическим потенциалом продуктивности являются только средствами производства, которые реализуются в производственных условиях — товарных хозяйствах и на откормочных предприятиях. В инфраструктуре подотрасли рассмотрены сферы производства как функционального назначения (основные и вспомогательные), так и по отраслевому признаку (межотраслевые и внутриотраслевые), дано краткое их описание и назначение. Показана важность каждого из них — племенных хозяйств, откормочных производств, организаций по искусственному осеменению, ассоциаций, рынков скота, мясоперерабатывающих предприятий, а также оптовой и розничной торговли. Особое внимание уделено необходимостиформирования в стране сети системообразующих предприятий, таких как откормочные площадки, а также рынков живого скота, вовлечения в производственный процесс крестьянских фермерских хозяйств, индивидуальных предпринимателей и личных подсобных хозяйств граждан, в пользовании которых находится до 50% поголовья крупного рогатого скота. The development of beef cattle breeding cannot be considered in isolation from the entire infrastructure of the sub-sector. Since such breeding achievements as animals and herds with a high genetic potential of productivity are only means of production that are realized in production conditions: commercial farms and fattening enterprises. In the infrastructure of the sub-sector, the spheres of production are considered as a functional purpose: main and auxiliary, and on an industry basis: inter-sectoral and intra-sectoral, their brief description and purpose are given. The importance of each of them is shown, and breeding farms and fattening industries, artificial insemination organizations and associations, livestock markets, meat processing enterprises, as well as wholesale and retail trade. Particular attention is paid to the need to form a network of core enterprises in the country, such as feedlots and livestock markets and the involvement of peasant farms and individual entrepreneurs and personal subsidiary farms in the production process, which use up to 50% of the cattle population.
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Garmaev, D. T., und A. V. Tsydypova. „CATTLE BREEDING IN THE REPUBLIC OF BURYATIA: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPMENT“. Scientific Review Theory and Practice 11, Nr. 7 (2021): 2070–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.35679/2226-0226-2021-11-7-2070-2082.
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The article considers one of the main directions of increasing the level of food security of the country at the present time – the development of specialized beef cattle breeding, which contributes to an increase in pro- duction volumes in Russia and the Republic of Buryatia. The purpose of the article is to identify the problems of the development of the beef catle breeding industry; it is recommended to take measures to increase the production of beef meat in Russia and the Republic of Buryatia. Methods used: static, comparison, deductive analysis with a monographic survey, and also used logical, static, mathematical methods of information processing. The natural and climatic conditions of the republic are characterized as extreme, which increase costs, require disproportionately significant costs for the production of crop products, necessitate an increase in feed for the production of live- stock products, due to a long stall period and low negative temperatures determine its high cost. For the development of pedigree farms engaged in beef cattle breeding, the following measures will be taken: creation of stations for testing pedigree bulls on the basis of cows’ own productivity. Beef cattle breeding in the Republic of Buryatia is the most labor-intensive industry with a long payback period, therefore this sector is underdeveloped. The main problems of beef cattle breeding: the lack of high-value breeding bulls, the technology of dairy and beef cattle breeding is carried out on an extensive basis, and the low potential of livestock productivity. The following activities will take place. Measures to increase the production of high-quality beef: formation of a breeding base for beef cattle breeding based on the provision of differentiated subsidies for the maintenance of broodstock of beef cattle according to the “cow-calf” system in breeding plants and pedigree reproducers; purchase of pedigree young stock of specialized meat breeds.
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Shumeiko, N. „Efficiency of breeding work in dairy cattle breeding“. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 274 (07.06.2019): 012081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/274/1/012081.
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БОГОЛЮБОВА, Л. П., С. В. НИКИТИНА, Е. А. МАТВЕЕВА und Е. Е. ТЯПУГИН. „BREEDS COMPOSITION IN THE BREEDING MEAT CATTLE BREEDING IN RUSSIA“. Molochnoe i miasnoe skotovodstvo, Nr. 1 (24.02.2021): 10–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33943/mms.2021.29.45.002.
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Изучен породный состав и численность племенного скота мясного направления продуктивности в Российской Федерации. На долю мясных пород в мире приходится 40% от всего поголовья крупного рогатого скота. В России специализированное мясное скотоводство как самостоятельную отрасль животноводства начали создавать в начале 30-х годов прошлого века. На современном этапе в нашей стране разводят 12 пород крупного рогатого скота мясного направления продуктивности. К наиболее многочисленным относят абердин ангусскую, калмыцкую, герефордскую и казахскую белоголовую. Относительная численность животных этих пород составляет около 97% от всего поголовья скота мясного направления продуктивности. Лимузинская, галловейская, обрак, шаролезская, салерс имеют небольшой удельный вес, и совсем незначительный — у таких пород, как симментальская мясная, русская комолая и бланк-блю бельж. Территориальные и климатические особенности России позволяют в настоящее время заниматься мясным скотоводством в 59 регионах во всех федеральных округах. В 2000 году разводили 9 пород в 7 округах с численностью племенных животных около 82 тыс. голов. В 2019 году поголовье племенного мясного скота составило более 359 тыс., принадлежащих 12 породам, что в 4,4 раза больше по сравнению с 2000 годом. The article discusses the breed composition and number of breeding cattle for meat production in the Russian Federation. There are thousands of different breeds in the world, but only a few dozen are classified as meat. The share of beef cattle in the world accounts for 40% of the livestock, respectively 60% are dairy cattle. In Russia, specialized beef cattle breeding as an independent branch of animal husbandry began to be created in the early 30s of the last century. At the present stage, 12 breeds are bred in the beef cattle breeding of our country. Numerous breeds include Aberdeen Angus, Kalmyk, Hereford and Kazakh white-headed. The relative number of these breeds is about 97% of animals in the meat production direction. The rest of the breeds (Limousine, Galloway, Obrak, Charolais and Salers) have a lower specific weight. It is necessary to distinguish breeds with an insignificant specific gravity - these are Simmental meat, Russian hornless and blank-blue belge. The territorial and climatic features of Russia currently allow for beef cattle breeding in 59 regions in all federal districts. In 2000, 9 breeds were bred in 7 districts with about 82 thousand breeding animals. In 2019, the number of pedigree beef cattle amounted to more than 359 thousand heads belonging to 12 breeds, which is 4.4 times more than in 2000.
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Marinchenko, T. E. „Automation of dairy cattle breeding“. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 624 (08.01.2021): 012080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/624/1/012080.
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Hanusová, Lenka, Jindřich Čítek, Libor Večerek, Lucie Tothová und Božena Hosnedlová. „Metabolic indicators in cattle breeding“. Acta fytotechnica et zootechnica 19, Special Issue (01.09.2016): 01–02. http://dx.doi.org/10.15414/afz.2016.19.si.01-02.
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Marinchenko, T. E. „Automation of dairy cattle breeding“. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 624 (08.01.2021): 012080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/624/1/012080.
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Petrov, Evgeniy, und Viktoriya Sidorova. „CATTLE BREEDING ENTERPRISES DIMENSION RANGE“. Scientific Life 14, Nr. 8 (2019): 1341–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2019-14-8-1341-1351.
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Gaziev, Mahmud Hamidbekovich. „HANDICRAFTS DEALT WITH CATTLE - BREEDING.“ Theoretical & Applied Science 77, Nr. 09 (30.09.2019): 286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15863/tas.2019.09.77.52.
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Derry, Margaret E. „North American Beef Breeding and the Modernization of the International Cattle Breeding Industries, 1950–2000“. Agricultural History 96, Nr. 1-2 (01.05.2022): 187–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00021482-9619838.
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Abstract This article deals with transformations in beef cattle breeding practices in North America from 1950 to 2000, and the implication of these changes across the Western world. It was a period of profound adjustment for beef cattle breeders, involving battles over genetic defects, the importation of new breeds, changing standards in relation to husbandry, and the extension of quantitative genetic breeding practices. These innovations would be echoed across Europe in the production of beef cattle and would also interact with the way dairy cattle were bred. This article explains the upheaval in beef breeding between 1950 and 2000, as well as how that upheaval affected dairy cattle breeding. Changes in beef breeding, in effect, modified the functioning of the entire cattle breeding world.
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Romjali, Endang. „Local Beef Cattle Breeding Program in Indonesia“. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences 28, Nr. 4 (21.02.2019): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/wartazoa.v28i4.1813.
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Indonesia has a number of cattle breeds that have certain advantages as meat-producing cattle with high adaptability to the local environment. Local beef cattle breeding has now been carried out by the government through technical implementation unit. Efforts to build local cattle breeding still need to be improved to be able to meet sustainably the demands of local cattle breeding stocks for the farmers. However, beef cattle breeding business is less attractive to investors because it is economically less profitable and requires a long maintenance time compared to the fattening business. This paper aims to provide an overview of thoughts in an effort to improve the performance of local beef cattle breeding in Indonesia. In supporting the local cattle breeding program, the role of central and regional governments still has to be dominant mainly in the establishing of breeding centers as the core and policies related to the operationalization of activities involving farmers and other stakeholders.
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Lonkila, Annika. „Making invisible cattle: commodifying genomic knowledge in dairy cattle breeding“. TRACE ∴ Journal for Human-Animal Studies 3 (24.04.2017): 28–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.23984/fjhas.53184.
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Molecular genomics have revolutionized the dairy cattle breeding industry in recent years. Genomic technologies, seen as capable for solving challenges ranging from farm viability to animal health and sustainability, have restructured dairy breeding networks and markets globally and transformed relationships between humans, non-human animals, and technologies. Furthermore, they have created possibilities for increased commercialization and appropriation of breeding practices and the intensified objectification and machination of animals. In this paper I combine the theories of market creation and commodification to understand how the ‘genomic market’ was created in Finnish dairy cattle breeding and examine the repercussions of this development within dairy production more broadly. By drawing on textual and interview data by breeding companies and cattle owners, I explore how genomic knowledge becomes stabilized and objectified as a commodity. I also examine how cattle owners and cattle become requalified as actors within this market and how they co-produce and contest the process in significant ways. My results indicate that the commodification of genomic knowledge contributes to a powerful reinterpretation of Finnish dairy production and can have important moral and material repercussions for human and non-human animal lives within those networks.
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Neimann-Sørensen, A., J. Pedersen und L. G. Christensen. „Milk protein as breeding objective in Danish cattle breeding“. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics 104, Nr. 1-5 (12.01.1987): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0388.1987.tb00111.x.
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Tombuku, Anggella T., und Ratri Retno Ifada. „Level of Glucose, Cholesterol and Albumin of repeatedly breed Madura Cattle“. E3S Web of Conferences 316 (2021): 03013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131603013.
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The current research aims to know the level of glucose, cholesterol and albumin of repeatedly breed Madura cattle. This research conducted in Madura Island for taking the blood sample. This research used 10 Madura cattle, the 5 cattle experiencing the repeated breeding and the 5 others are in the fertile condition. The results show that the glucose level of the repeated breeding cattle was higher, which was about (73.28±10.26 mg/dl) compared to the fertile cattle (69.96±20.23 mg/dl). Different from the total cholesterol of the repeated breeding cattle which was lower, it’s about (132.02±26.43 mg/dl) compared to the fertile cattle (135.28±24.83 mg/dl) using t-student analysis. Besides, the albumin level of the repeated breeding Madura cattle is lower, which was about (4.61±0.13 g/dl) compares to the fertile cattle which is about (5.26±0.44 g/dl). Based on the gathered data, there are no significant data but the level of the total cholesterol and the albumin of the blood in Madura cattle that experiencing the repeated breeding were lower than the fertile cattle. The high glucose level of the repeated breeding cattle was higher than the normal level of the common fertile cattle.
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Chinarov, A. V. „Reserves of Meat Production: Breed Zoning of Beef Cattle Breeding in Russia“. Economy of agricultural and processing enterprises, Nr. 12 (2020): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31442/0235-2494-2020-0-12-23-26.
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Based on the analysis of breeding work materials at the Russian meat cattle breeding, the importance and effectiveness of scientific breeds’ zoning was shown. Meat cattle which is bred at the Russian breeding farms is not worse than foreign one in terms of growth intensity, live weight, milk content and meat qualities. Multi-breeding is an objective necessity for the Russian Federation with its diverse natural and economic conditions. In 57 regions of the country, a comprehensive assessment of breeding and productive qualities of meat cattle is carried out. Strengthening the breeding base and matching the placement of cattle breeds to the natural and economic conditions of the regions is one of the most important conditions for the successful development of meat cattle breeding.
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Chinarov, Vladimir I. „Formation of domestic breeding products’ market at Russian cattle breeding“. Economy of agricultural and processing enterprises, Nr. 8 (2022): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31442/0235-2494-2022-0-8-18-24.
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For the first time, the import dependence with the genetic resources at Russian dairy cattle breeding was studied. The volumes and imports structure of breeding material (heifers, bulls, seed) by dairy cattle breeds are shown. The import dependence with breeding stock at breeding farms now amounts to 14.3%, the share of imported heifers at domestic market is 30.5%. The situation at Holstein breed herds breeding is even tenser: the market of heifers is formed by 61.3% due to import, import dependence has reached 44.6% and import consumption is 31.2%. The market of breeding bulls is dominated (95.5%) by domestic bulls, but this figure drops to 68.8% for the Holstein breed. The uncontrolled import of the bulls-producers’ seed had a particularly adverse effect on the state of Russian dairy cattle breeding. In 2020, the estimated demand with 100% artificial insemination at agricultural organizations on 2/3 was provided with imported seed. Moreover, the seed of Holstein bulls was imported on 2.3 times more than the annual necessity for this breed.
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Šafus, P., J. Přibyl, Z. Veselá, L. Vostrý, M. Štípková und L. Stádník. „Selection indexes for bulls of beef cattle“. Czech Journal of Animal Science 51, No. 7 (05.12.2011): 285–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3941-cjas.
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Three selection indexes were constructed for bulls of beef cattle: IM for terminal crossing (in dairy herds), IZ for the selection of foundation sires for beef herd and IS for the selection of bulls for beef herd. Each index was constructed in five variants that differed in the number of used traits from the most important ones to all traits with known breeding values. The sources of information were breeding values routinely calculated in performance testing – 10 breeding values for direct and maternal effects for easy calving and growth, breeding value for daily gain of bulls at performance-testing stations and 10 breeding values for the type traits of young animals. The reliability of partial breeding values that enter into the indexes ranged from 11% to 36%. Reliability influences subsequent accuracy of index selection for total genotype that is in the range of 30% to 46%. The discounting of economic values (0% or 10%) did not influence the selection indexes significantly. Index selection was expressed almost exclusively in genetic gain of direct effects while maternal effects were of only small importance in the breeding objective. Direct effects for daily gain until weaning and after weaning are of the highest importance in the breeding objective, accounting for 90% to 96% of the total selection effect. The most important information sources in selection indexes are direct effect of weaning weight (importance of approximately 74% to 95%) and maternal effect of weaning weight (importance of approximately 5% to 7%). The inclusion of daily gain of bulls at performance-testing stations with the importance of about 16% in the index decreased the importance of weaning weight. Selection can be aimed at these main traits – calving ease (direct and maternal effect) and weight at 210 days (direct and maternal effect) only because the importance of the other traits in the index is very low.
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Pahomova, Antonina, Sándor Halász, Galina Zelenkova und Alexander Pakhomov. „Development of management tools in the context of NBIC convergence“. E3S Web of Conferences 217 (2020): 06002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021706002.
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The greatest success in improving the breeding and productive qualities of Hereford cattle can be achieved through the use of high-value breeding bulls. The role of producers at the modern stages of beef cattle breeding has increased dramatically, so the evaluation of bulls by the quality of offspring has become an important breeding event to improve and create highly productive herds of beef cattle. At the same time, the use of bulls that are predisposed to various diseases or the deterioration of their offspring can cause irreparable negative consequences for beef cattle breeding. In the course of research work in the conditions of the farm, studies were conducted to assess the quality of bulls-producers of the Hereford breed of cattle. Evaluation of Hereford bulls by the quality of offspring in farm conditions will increase the efficiency of herd reproduction technology in beef cattle breeding, allow rational use of bulls, get a high yield of calves (90-95%), organize the accuracy of accounting for the origin of young animals, increase the level of breeding work to improve the productive, breeding qualities of animals and create highly productive herds of Hereford cattle in a shorter time.
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Zelenkov, Alexey, Galina Zelenkova, Sergei Tresnitskii, Pavel Bykadorov, Natalia Volgina und Andrey Medvedev. „Evaluation of Hereford bulls by the quality of their offspring over various periods of growing their offspring under farm conditions“. E3S Web of Conferences 217 (2020): 09010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021709010.
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The greatest success in improving the breeding and productive qualities of Hereford cattle can be achieved through the use of high-value breeding bulls. The role of producers at the modern stages of beef cattle breeding has increased dramatically, so the evaluation of bulls by the quality of offspring has become an important breeding event to improve and create highly productive herds of beef cattle. At the same time, the use of bulls that are predisposed to various diseases or the deterioration of their offspring can cause irreparable negative consequences for beef cattle breeding. In the course of research work in the conditions of the farm, studies were conducted to assess the quality of bulls-producers of the Hereford breed of cattle. Evaluation of Hereford bulls by the quality of offspring in farm conditions will increase the efficiency of herd reproduction technology in beef cattle breeding, allow rational use of bulls, get a high yield of calves (90-95%), organize the accuracy of accounting for the origin of young animals, increase the level of breeding work to improve the productive, breeding qualities of animals and create highly productive herds of Hereford cattle in a shorter time.
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Lim, Heesun, Yiyang Qiao, Jeonsang Kang, Minseong Kang und Byeong-il Ahn. „Forecasting Model for Hanwoo Considering the Change in the Net Number of Breeding Cattle“. Korean Journal of Agricultural Management and Policy 49, Nr. 2 (30.06.2022): 354–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.30805/kjamp.2022.49.2.354.
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Decision-making on the number of slaughtered heads considering the change in the number of breeding heads is an important issue for Hanwoo-breeding farmers. While previous studies treat breeding heads of Hanwoo in terms of supply function, this study differs in the way that it develops a model for breeding heads that incorporate both supply and demand sides. The number of cattle raised is forecasted using the estimates of slaughtered heads, the estimates of breeding cattle under one year of age, and the actual number of breeding cattle in the previous period. The result of the precision of the model for estimating the number of cattle raised indicates that the accuracy of the model is very high.
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Rizal, Abdul, Musram Abadi, S. Surahmanto und La Harudin. „An Analysis of the Development and Income of Sahiwal Cross Cattle Business during the Covid 19 Pandemic in Konda District South Konawe Regency“. Chalaza Journal of Animal Husbandry 6, Nr. 1 (02.11.2021): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31327/chalaza.v6i1.1389.
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The study aimed to provide information on strategy development and income level of the Sahiwal Cross cattle business. The research method used was a survey. The researcher applied a stratified random sampling technique to determine the research sample. The location of the research was determined by considering the largest number of cattle and area representativeness. The respondents of this research consisted of all Sahiwal Cross cattlemen in Konda District. Research data were analyzed by applying SWOT Analysis. SWOT Analysis was used to describe the development strategy, and the income level analysis was used to describe the amount of income of Sahiwal Cross cattlemen. The result showed that Sahiwal Cross cattle breeding development was categorized as quadrant 1 equals to aggressive where the strategies used consisted of utilizing technology for marketing process, utilizing local human and natural resources maximally, maximizing the infrastructure development that can support cattle breeding development, improving cattle breeding management well, increasing Sahiwal Cross population, maximizing the investment availability to improve cattle productivity, guiding traditional cattle system to modern, increasing cattlemen’s knowledge optimally, utilizing agricultural waste to be alternative fodder, minimizing or reducing cattle thievery impact, improving institutional system, decreasing middlemen role so that the cattle prices are directly decided by the breeders, anticipating the fodder availability during dry season, creating policies on cattle breeding, developing facilities and infrastructures supporting cattle breeding, maximizing institutional system and improving cattle breeding management system. The average revenue of Sahiwal Cross cattlemen annually was IDR. 20,588,143 for each cow sold.
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Chinarov, V. I. „Formation of National Breeding Animals Market for Dairy Cattle Breeding“. Economy of agricultural and processing enterprises, Nr. 4 (April 2018): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31442/0235-2494-2018-0-4-8-11.
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Savic, Mila, Vladimir Dimitrijevic, Ruzica Trailovic, Mensur Vegara, Blagoje Dimitrijevic, Zolt Beckei, Branislav Petrujkic und Aleksandar Cojkic. „Selection criteria in organic cattle breeding“. Veterinarski glasnik 68, Nr. 5-6 (2014): 363–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl1406363s.
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The central issue in process of organizing organic cattle breeding is the knowledge about specificities of this kind of production, good knowledge of breed characteristics (body composition, immune tolerance, expressed predisposition towards some diseases, production properties). Research centres, in collaboration with producers, have defined the essential features on which the selection programmes in organic cattle breeding are based on. Of the greatest importance for veterinary service is the fact that selection programmes in organic cattle breeding are in the first place based on giving priority to healthy animals, with strong immune system, good reproductive characteristics, which can be in production system for a long period. Additional important selective criteria is specific body resistance and adaptability of autochtonous breeds to environmental conditions.
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Plemjashov, K. V., und A. A. Krutikova. „Chlamydiosis of cattle in breeding farms“. "Veterinary Medicine" Journal 21, Nr. 6 (Juni 2018): 28–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.30896/0042-4846.2018.21.6.28-30.
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Anisimova, E. I. „Immunogenetic indicators in Simmental cattle breeding“. Agricultural Science Euro-North-East 20, Nr. 4 (30.08.2019): 398–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2019.20.4.398-406.
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Immunogenic analysis allows to identify the genetic effect of individuals on the total gene pool of the herd and the formation of the allele pool in certain groups of animals. Of great importance is the use of data on blood types when breeding livestock along the lines, when significant genetic similarity is created within the entire population. Studies of Simmental cattle were conducted in 1995-2011. According to the results of the analyzes in the breeding herds of the “Combine” farm and the “Abodimovskiy” farm of the Saratov region, 15 of the most frequently encountered B-system alleles were identified. Comparative analysis of alleles showed that B-alleles B2G2KE'1O' (12.4%), O1I'Q' (15.2%), O3QA'2E1J2 (25.3%) are the most characteristic for the main lines and the herd as a whole. However, in the herd there are alleles that are not found in other zones - B2O1Y2D' - (2.3%), B2O3Y2A'2E2P'2Q' - (2.1%), I1E'2G"- (2.1%), Y2A'1D'E' - (1.0%). This indicates that the studied group represents a kind of population that can be attributed to the Volga zonal type. Genetic affinity between the lines, groups of bulls, families was determined on the basis of the genetic similarity index (r). An index of up to 0.5 is considered to indicate a significant genetic dissociation of the compared groups of animals, up to 0.80 - of the existing genetic differences, with above 0.80 - for the presence of genetic similarities between the compared groups of livestock. The calculations showed that there is a genetic similarity between the cows of the Florian and Fasadnik lines, as well as the Facadnik and Mergel, in the herd of the “Combine” state farm (the index value was 0.89 and 0.91) The differences were established between the animals of the Florian and the Mergel lines (r = 0.76). The high genetic similarity between the lines is due to the use of crosses between them. The homozygosity coefficient in the lines varies from 9 to 22%.
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Іlyashenko, G. D. „DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING IN KIROVOGRAD REGION“. Animal Breeding and Genetics 57 (24.04.2019): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/abg.57.08.
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Dairy cattle breeding is one of the leading livestock sectors whose purpose is to ensure the production of high quality dairy raw materials in volumes meeting the scientifically grounded standards of state food security and expanding the export potential of the agrarian sector.
The purpose of our research was to study the status and prospects of dairy cattle breeding in the Kirovograd region.
Material and methods of research. The research was carried out on the basis of the electronic database of breeding goals (including 2312 cows), official statistics and estimates of cattle of various breeds that are involved in the production of dairy direction in the breeding farms of the Kirovograd region. The analysis used zootechnical and statistical methods. The calculations were carried out using the software package "STATISTICA-6,1"
Results. According to the research (2001–2018), the cattle population in the Kirovograd oblast decreased by a factor of 2.6. Thus, as of January 1, 2018, its number constituted 96.3 thousand heads in all categories of farms, 53.1 thousand of them were cows, the number of which also decreased by 2.4 times. Specific gravity of cattle population of farms remains significant and makes up 72.7%, and 80.6% in the livestock of cows. The largest number of cows of agricultural enterprises declined significantly. Thus, as of January 1, 2018, their number was 10.3 thousand goals, which is 4.7 times less than in the same period of 2001. In the households there is also a tendency for a permanent reduction of cows, the difference is, respectively, 37.0 thousand heads or 46.4%
The development of dairy cattle breeding is characterized by two opposite tendencies: reduction of livestock of cows and increase of their productivity. Thus, in agricultural enterprises in 2010, compared to 2000, hopes per cow increased by 2.5 times, in all categories of farms by 1.8 times. In 2017, the increase in dairy costs in agricultural enterprises compared to 2010 amounted to 60.0% in farms of all categories 12.2%.
The researches found that in the agricultural enterprises of the oblast as of January 1, 2018 there are 26256 head of cattle, including 10281 cows. The breeding part of the existing cows is 3.013 heads, 29.3% of the total number located in 10 breeding farms.
The analysis of the genealogy structure showed that the experimental population of cows belongs to 18 lines and related groups of which the most numerous Chifa 1427381 – 20.4%, Starbuck 352790 – 20.1%, Henev 1629391 – 18.6% , Eleusis 1491007 – 11.2%, Family 267150 – 10.8%.
Among the indicated lines, the lowest level of milk productivity was first-born cows. The 1491007, the milk of milk for 305 days of lactation was 4466 ± 99.8 kg, and the milk fat was 168.2 ± 6.5 kg. Analogues l Starbak 352779 was characterized by the highest milk productivity, its level was 5696 + 98.8 kg and 224.9 ± 9.7 kg, respectively. The difference in stomach was 1230 ± 140.4 kg (td = 10.2) and at the release of milk fat 56.7 ± 5.28 kg (td = 10.2) at P < 0.001. However, the latter were markedly less service life (125 against 168 days) and logically higher reproduction rate compared to other lines.
An analysis of the intensity of the formation of live weight of young animals has been established for its highest growth in heifers of controlled herds in the period from 9 to 12 months. Thus, in animals of Ukrainian red breed, the growth rate of live weight during this period was 75 kg, Ukrainian red-shrimp 61 kg, Ukrainian black-and-white 73 kg, Holstein 76 kg. Accordingly, during this period, the average daily gain of live weight of young breeds of these breeds was 833 g; 678 g; 811 g, 835 g. The sharp fluctuations of average daily increments during growing periods, first of all, testify to the unequal conditions of growing and feeding young animals than the breed differences. In general, as a result of the analysis of the formation of live weight of heifers, a significant level of phenotypic variability was observed, which confirms sufficient genetic resources and preconditions for selection on the given sign.
Therefore, proceeding from the above, in the long run, selection work for breeding improvement of cattle breeding farms of the Kirovograd region should be conducted in accordance with certain promising directions according to groups of breeds.
Conclusions. A very important factor in the growth of milk production in the Kirovograd region is high-yield pedigree cattle. The main task on the way of bringing breeding cases in dairy farming to the modern level is the introduction of computer breeding records in breeding farms. This will allow to estimate in the near future bulls-pedigrees, which were used in the past in these farms, to allocate among them complex improvers for precisely the specific conditions and maximally attract them for reproduction. On the other hand, a reliable clogging of poor quality in the genetic sense of sperm production, which leads to negative consequences, will be posed.
When establishing the assessment of the breeding value of bulls and developing a single plan of breeding and breeding work in the region, one can proceed to the next step of improving breeding and breeding business, introducing a progressive method of raising the breeding value of animals of large-scale breeding. As a result, the profit from the breeding of highly productive animals, well adapted to specific conditions, will significantly exceed the costs. At the same time, the proposed measures will allow the breeding business to be brought up to the modern world level and stimulate highly productive cattle breeding.
28
Lowman, Basil. „Estimated breeding values for beef cattle“. In Practice 26, Nr. 4 (April 2004): 206–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/inpract.26.4.206.
29
Windig, Jack J., Rita A. Hoving-Bolink und Roel F. Veerkamp. „Breeding for polledness in Holstein cattle“. Livestock Science 179 (September 2015): 96–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2015.05.021.
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Girma, Endalkachew, Kefyalew Alemayehu, Solomon Abegaze und Damitie Kebede. „Phenotypic characterization, population structure, breeding management and recommend breeding strategy for Fogera cattle (Bos indicus) in Northwestern Amhara, Ethiopia“. Animal Genetic Resources/Ressources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales 58 (06.04.2016): 13–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2078633616000035.
Annotation:
SummaryThe study was carried out in selected districts in the Northwestern Amhara, from October 2012 to May 2013. The objective of the study were to undertake on-farm and on-station phenotypic characterization of Fogera Cattle in comparison with two different local cattle population, to characterize the population structure and to identifying trait preferences, breeding management and to recommend breeding strategy for Fogera cattle. Both purposive and random samplings were employed. Data were gathered through semi-structured questionnaire, focus group discussions, field observations, census data, direct count and body measurements. About 126 smallholder farmers were interviewed. About 21 quantitative and 17 qualitative phenotypic data types were also generated from 332 cattle. The Effective population size (Ne) and rate of inbreeding (ΔF) were calculated from the counted population structure data. Both GLM procedures of SAS and descriptive statistics of SPSS software's were employed for data analyses. The results indicated that Fogera cattle were kept mostly for milk (97.62 percent). The main threats identified for the survival of Fogera cattle were scarcity of feed resources and interbreeding with other indigenous cattle, which are less demanding in terms of feed. Fogera cattle population has specific morphological appearance. Generally about 65.2 percent of male pure-Fogera cattle population are having large hump and large dewlap (93.5 percent) with cervico-thoracic (82.6 percent) hump position and long tail (97.8 percent), respectively. The coat pattern of male pure-Fogera cattle is dominated by the spotted coat pattern (82.6 percent) with 43.5 percent white black and 39.1 percent black white coat colour. Female Fogera cattle have medium (94.4 percent) hump size at cervico-thoracic positions (73.2 percent), large dewlap (62.7 percent) and long tail which is well below the hock (91.5 percent). The coat pattern of female pure-Fogera cattle is dominated by white spotted (80.3 percent) with 43.0 percent white black and 33.1 percent black white coat colour Most of the quantitative traits were highly significantly (P≤ 0.001) affected by breed type. Except horn length and horn space all of quantitative traits for both sexes of pure-Fogera cattle from on-station were significantly (P≤ 0.05) larger than those of the on-farm. The average linear body measurement taken on a total of 46 male pure-Fogera cattle populations were 42.68 ± 0.56 cm (mouth circumference), 16.35 ± 0.72 cm (horn length), 37.04 ± 1.16 cm (dewlap width) and 129.17 ± 1.33 cm (height at wither). The average linear body measurements for female pure-Fogera cattle were 38.23 ± 0.18 cm (mouth circumference), 13.81 ± 0.37 cm (horn length), 27.20 ± 0.42 cm (dewlap width) and 123.68 ± 0.52 cm (height at wither). The population structure were dominated by Pure-Fogera constituting 37.02 percent, Interbred with Fogera (33.71 percent) and non-Fogera (29.23 percent). The effective population size of pure-Fogera cattle was 4295, with 9016 total population. The average inbreeding level for the population was 0.012 percent. Inbreeding is at a low level and the effective population size is large. The calculated parameters indicate satisfactory genetic diversity in Fogera cattle. Milk yield, colour, power, body size and growth rate of Fogera were the most dominant traits perceived to be good by the respondents. The special qualification of this breed is to live at high amount of flooding areas with adapting other very challenging environment. Pure breeding of pure-Fogera, interbred with Fogera and non-Fogera type of breeds was used for breeding practice with natural mating. The Andassa Research Center established in 1964 as Fogera cattle population improving centre, but according to different source, population viability and population structure indicated that the population are not viable and highly admixture with other indigenous cattle breeds. According to this in order to improve the population status of Fogera cattle we recommended control with open-nucleus breeding strategy. So in order to minimize the risk status of this breed and conserve for the future generation any responsible agent should be given priority.
31
Frizen, Dmitrii Ya. „ON THE PROBLEM OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF CATTLE BREEDING AND AGRICULTURE AMONG THE KAZAKHS IN THE WESTERN KAZAKHSTAN AT THE TURN OF THE XIX-XX CENTURIES“. Tyumen State University Herald. Humanities Research. Humanitates 8, Nr. 1 (2022): 241–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2411-197x-2022-8-1-241-252.
Annotation:
The article studies the problem of the formation of cattle-breeding and agricultural forms of economy in the territory of the Kazakh region, in particular in the Western Kazakhstan. With the assistance of various sources, we studied the features of the development of cattle breeding among the Kazakhs, which was adapted to the local climate, sparse vegetation, the low rainfall and other environmental and economic factors. In this article, we have shown the objective and subjective aspects that led to the settling of nomads. The resettlement policy of Russia led to a crisis of nomadic cattle breeding and poverty among many Kazakhs, which forced them to engage in agriculture. However, as shown in the article, the Kazakhs plowed the land only for additional income. The emergence of cattle-breeding and agricultural forms of farming was complex and contradictory. The Kazakhs, who lived near Russian settlements, quickly moved to settle. And those Kazakhs who lived in the southern regions of the Turgai and Ural regions, as well as on Mangyshlak and the Inner Horde continued to engage in cattle breeding. This situation divided the region into agricultural and cattle-breeding and this went on for many years.
32
Handayani, Sri, Irmayani Noer, Eko Win Kenali und Kusuma Adhianto. „Financial Feasibility of Cattle Breeding Partnership in South Lampung Regency“. International Journal of Accounting & Finance in Asia Pasific 4, Nr. 3 (20.10.2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.32535/ijafap.v4i3.1200.
Annotation:
The arising problem in South Lampung Regency is that the pattern of cattle breeding runs on people's businesses scale related to other farming. The farmers established partnerships with feedlots to tackle the hardships of developing cattle breeding for more effective and efficient results. The disproportionate structure of cattle breeding should be analyzed carefully. This research aims to analyze the feasibility of a cattle breeding partnership in the two cattle breeding centers of the South Lampung Regency. The data were quantitatively analyzed with feasibility analysis and the indicators are NPV (Net Present Value), Net B / C (Net Benefit Cost Ratio), PP (Payback Period), and IRR (Internal Rate of Return. The research results indicate that the profit scheme is IDR 20,353,930. As the Net B/C ratio is higher than 1, the business is feasible. Also, the IRR value of 29.9% signifies that the business is economically feasible.
33
Ouédraogo, Dominique, Albert Soudré, Bernadette Yougbaré, Salifou Ouédraogo-Koné, Bienvenue Zoma-Traoré, Negar Khayatzadeh, Amadou Traoré et al. „Genetic Improvement of Local Cattle Breeds in West Africa: A Review of Breeding Programs“. Sustainability 13, Nr. 4 (17.02.2021): 2125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13042125.
Annotation:
Cattle are one of the most important livestock species in West Africa, providing multiple services to farmers and contributing to national economies. Various breeding strategies have been implemented to enhance their productivity and have improved farmer livelihoods. This review describes cattle breeding experiences across West Africa, spanning the N’Dama breed in Mali, Senegal, and The Gambia to the breeds Azawak Zebu, Fulani Zebu, and taurine Baoulé in Burkina Faso. The main objectives of most breeding programs have been to optimize meat and milk performance of taurine and Zebu cattle as well as trypanotolerance of taurine cattle. In some cases, “closed nucleus” schemes have proven limited and so have evolved into “open nucleus” schemes. Recent community-based breeding programs have shown promise. The major challenges of breeding programs remain defining realistic breeding objectives and securing the involvement of stakeholders. All the strategies reviewed here have been funded externally within development or research projects that are often too short to yield tangible genetic improvement, and whether they will continue beyond those projects is uncertain. This review highlights the need for continuing government support to ensure the sustainability of local cattle breeding programs.
34
Eychenne-Niggel, Corinne. „Montagne versus haute montagne : les recompositions territoriales du pastoralisme ariégeois“. Sud-Ouest européen 25, Nr. 1 (2008): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rgpso.2008.4301.
Annotation:
Mountain versus high mountain : the territorial recompositions of the Ariège pastoralism. In the Pyrenees of the Ariège French département, the restructuration of mountain cattle breeding and pastoralism is at the origin of a deep alteration of the relations that cattle farmers maintain with the altitude territories. Cleavage continues to widen between the fragility of cattle breeding in high mountain zones and the dynamism of cattle breeding of simple mountain zones. In this context, the pastoral revival allowed the appearance of a true proximity transhumance between pre-Pyrenean zones and altitude territories, distant from the traditional system of place organization in the high valleys, linked up to the practice of mountain summer pasture. In this new model, cattle farmers rather envision altitude pastures as an auxiliary resource, an economical opportunity favouring enlargement, while mountain summer pasture remains the organizing principle of cattle breeding in high mountain.
35
Масленникова, А. В., und Р. В. Тамарова. „Organization of Breeding of Beef Cattle in the Pedigree Breeding Unit OOO "Galloway Kostroma"“. Vestnik APK Verhnevolzh`ia, Nr. 1(53) (30.03.2021): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.35694/yarcx.2021.53.1.007.
Annotation:
Представлена система содержания, кормления, производственного использования и селекционная работа с мясным скотом галловейской породы в стаде племрепродуктора, в климатических и кормовых условиях Костромской области. Исследовано влияние паратипических и генетических факторов на эффективность разведения мясного скота в Нечернозёмной зоне Российской Федерации. Ресурсосберегающая технология производства мяса при чистопородном разведении галловейского скота, применяемая на предприятии, позволяет получать высокие показатели воспроизводительной способности животных и интенсивности роста молодняка: выход телят на 100 коров – 85–88%, среднесуточные приросты живой массы молодняка в период выращивания – 852 г. Это свидетельствует о хорошей реализации генетического потенциала животных галловейской породы, при одновременном соответствующем научном обеспечении селекционной работы с племядром стада. Успешная адаптация мясного скота галловейской породы является предпосылкой для перспективного его разведения и повышения эффективности отрасли мясного скотоводства. The system of management, feeding, industrial use and breeding with beef cattle of the Galloway breed in herd of pedigree breeding unit, in climatic and fodder conditions of the Kostroma region is presented. The influence of paratypic and genetic factors on the efficiency of breeding beef cattle in the non-black-earth zone of the Russian Federation was investigated. The resource-saving technology of meat production in purebred breeding of the Galloway cattle used at the enterprise allows to obtain high indicators of animal reproductive ability and growth intensity of young animals: calf yield per 100 cows – 85–88%, daily live weight gain of young animals during the rearing period – 852 g. This indicates a good realization of the genetic potential of the Galloway animals breed, while ensuring appropriate scientific support for breeding work with the herd nuclear stock. Successful adaptation of the Galloway beef cattle is a prerequisite for its promising breeding and improving the efficiency of the beef cattle breeding industry.
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Aziz, Malik Abdul, Abdi Abdi und Muhammad Aswar Limi. „The Income Analysis of Blade Farming Businesses with Different Ownership Scales in Konda District South Konawe Regency“. JIA (Jurnal Ilmiah Agribisnis) : Jurnal Agribisnis dan Ilmu Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian 7, Nr. 2 (30.04.2022): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.37149/jia.v7i2.24229.
Annotation:
This research is motivated by the lack of management and management of cattle-breeding farms, which affects the income results of cattle breeding businesses on various ownership scales in the Konda District, South Konawe Regency. The purpose of the study was to find out the income of cattle breeding businesses on different ownership scales in the Konda District South Konawe Regency. The study's location was determined purposively by considering the village with the largest total cow population in the Konda District. The number of respondents to cattle breeding farmers is as many as 38 farmers. Data analysis uses descriptive quantitative data analysis by calculating costs, receipts, and revenues. The results showed that income for small-scale businesses ranged from IDR14.980.000 and for periodic medium businesses around IDR22.960.000 while for large-scale businesses around IDR28.185.000. The payment of cattle breeding business on various ownership scales in Konda District, South Konawe Regency, shows decent business income.
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Tyutyuma, Natalia, Aigul Aitpaeva und Olga Bespalova. „Sustainable development of forage production as a basis for increasing livestock production in the region“. АгроЭкоИнфо 4, Nr. 52 (19.07.2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.51419/202124401.
Annotation:
At present, the development of fodder production determines the efficiency of cattle breeding, since the share of feed costs in the structure of the cost of milk and beef production reaches 50% -70%. At the same time, food security for the production of milk and beef is not ensured in the Russian Federation today. The main reason for this is a weak forage base. To further increase the volume of livestock production, it is necessary to provide a full-fledged fodder base with the number of cattle (cattle), to develop fodder production on an intensive basis. Keywords: FODDER PRODUCTION; DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING; BEEF CATTLE BREEDING; FOOD SECURITY
38
Pochukalin, A. Ye, und S. V. Pryima. „ELEMENT OF SELECTION – STATE BOOKS OF BREEDING ANIMALS IN UKRAINE FOR THE PERIOD 2002–2010 YEARS“. Animal Breeding and Genetics 61 (27.05.2021): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/abg.61.12.
Annotation:
The issue of registration of breeding animals of different breeds is dealt with by organizations that keep state books of breeding animals. In Ukraine, the functions of keeping state books of breeding animals in cattle breeding, pig breeding, sheep breeding and horse breeding belong to the powers of the minister, which ensures the formation of state policy in the field of animal husbandry. The issue of animal breeding books is relevant because it is an ongoing process that requires a set of measures aimed at registration, maintenance and promotion of domestic breeding livestock.
The purpose of research. To monitor the state books of breeding animals (SBBA) in dairy and meat cattle breeding, sheep breeding and pig breeding for the period 2002–2010. Also, establish the number of potential females that could be entered in the stud books.
Materials and methods of research. The material for the study was data on the presence of breeding cows of dairy and meat production, sows and ewes of breeds registered in the State Register of Breeding Subjects in Animal Husbandry (until 2009, the State Breeding Register, SBR) during 2002–2019.
The results of research. According to the SBR, 15 dairy breeds of cattle have been registered in Ukraine. During the study period, 15 volumes of SBBA of four breeds of dairy cattle were published in Ukraine, which included information on 12331 breeding animals, including 11477 cows. The largest number of recorded breeding animals of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy cattle, of which 144 breeding bulls and 4989 cows, are concentrated in six volumes. In second place is the Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy cattle, namely 4554 animals. Then there is the Simmental with 871 animals, of which 809 cows, and the red steppe 1773 heads, including 1609 cows.
It is established that 48.7% of breeding animals were born in the period from 1990 to 1999. A small proportion, namely 0.3%, are animals born before 1979, and only 24% after 2000. Younger animals are recorded in the breeding books of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy cattle and Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy cattle, and older – in the books of the red steppe.
Of the 14 meat breeds used in Ukraine, only 5 have breeding animals that are registered with the SBBA. The total number of meat-producing animals recorded in the SBBA is 5586, including 4649 cows.
Of the twelve breeds of pigs bred in Ukraine, only seven breeds, namely the Ukrainian white steppe (1451 heads) and Ukrainian spotted steppe (974), Myrhorod breed (123), Great Black (181), Landrace (727), Poltava meat breed (290) and Ukrainian meat breed (300) during the study period were published state pedigree books. Half (50.7%) of all recorded breeding pigs have a year of birth before 2000. Young (born in 2000) animals are recorded in the breeding books of the Landrace breed and the Ukrainian white steppe, Ukrainian meat breed and Poltava meat breed, where their share varies from 64 to 98%.
During the study period, 9 volumes of state books of breeding sheep were published. In addition to Tsigai (884 goals), Askanian Karakul (700), fine-wool (1168), meat-wool with crossbred wool (1917) and Sokol (443), in 2003, 2004 and 2009 3 volumes of SBBA sheep of the Prekos breed were published.
The calculation of potential females that could be recorded in the state breeding books revealed the presence of 1251102 breeding animals, including 100796 ewes, 70678 sows, 71341 beef cows and 1008287 dairy cows.
The largest number of potential females of different breeds in cattle breeding, sheep breeding and pig breeding in the regions of Ukraine showed a certain pattern, namely the centers for dairy cattle breeding – Vinnytsia (83395 heads), Kyiv (111650), Khmelnytsky (64667), Cherkasy (68035) regions, beef cattle breeding – Volyn (13.466 head), Chernihiv (10.907 head), sheep breeding – Kherson (13.837), Odessa (19078) and pig breeding – Dnipropetrovsk (6452), Poltava (4621).
The main goal for calculating potential females was to try to determine the size of the breed in dairy and beef cattle, sheep breeding and pigs breeding. Because the more animals included in the breeding model, the better the results of genetic improvement. In addition, it is possible to address the dynamics of the development of breeding traits, identify successful methods of selection and selection, assessment of population and genetic parameters over time and the creation of breeding programs with breeds of farm animals.
Conclusion. State books of breeding animals are an important element of selection. Animal information databases help to estimate the populations of domestic and transboundary breeds in general by a set of characteristics, to determine the population-genetic parameters over time and to develop programs for the improvement of farm animals. Studies have identified a significant number (1251102 heads) of breeding cows, ewes and sows, which at one time could be recorded in the breeding books of the respective breeds.
39
Kalm, E. „Development of cattle breeding strategies in Europe“. Archives Animal Breeding 45, Nr. 1 (10.10.2002): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-45-5-2002.
Annotation:
Abstract. Modern milk production in Europe will undergo a radical structural change both in terms of the dairy farmer and the breeding companies. Thus, cooperation between breeding companies or breeding associations will be a necessary tool to survive in the global economy. Although some of the new molecular techniques are already in the beginning of its practical implementation, the breeding industry needs to consider international collaborations to obtain higher economic gain of certain breeds. Above that, the dairy breeding industry should think about the implementation of crossbreeding schemes to use the non-additive effects more efficiently. The implementation of crossbreeding schemes requires an even closed collaboration between the acting breeding companies and the commercial producers as it has already been shown in poultry, swine and beef cattle. These rapid developments in the entire dairy breeding industry will also influence the current dairy organizations and require their adjustment to a more flexible economy.
40
Suwiti, Ni Ketut, M. Windhu, Ni Luh Watiniasih, I. Nengah Kerta Besung und I. Nyoman Suartha. „The Expression Of Cd4+ Lymphocytes Of Bali Cattle After Consuming Mixed Mirerals“. Advances in Tropical Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences 1, Nr. 2 (25.01.2018): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/atbes.2017.v01.i02.p04.
Annotation:
Minerals play an important role in activating the lymphoid cells. Mineral deficiency can cause interference prolifrasi in lymphocytes, particularly the expresion of CD4+. Bali cattle are hardly given additional mineral due to cattles are in semi-intensive breeding method. Therefore, this study aims to determine the expression of CD4+ lymphocytes Bali cattle after consuming of mixed mineral. The samples used were 32 male bali cattles reared in the village of Catur, Kintamani, Bangli regency. Samples were divided into 2 groups, those were: 16 individul of bali cattle was given 7.5gr additional of mixed mineral per individual/day, and theother 16 individual as acontrol. The treatmnes were conducted for 3 months. The results showed that administration of 7.5gr mixed mineral per individual/day did not show differences in the expression of CD4+ lymphocyte of bali cattle.
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(Soekardono), Soekardono, Chairussyhur Arman und Lalu Muhammad Kasip. „Identifikasi Grade Sapi Bali Betina Bibit dan Koefisien Reproduksi Sapi Betina di Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat (Grade Identification and Reproductive Coefficient of Bali Cattle Breeding Female in West Nusa Tenggara Province)“. Buletin Peternakan 33, Nr. 2 (22.02.2012): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v33i2.119.
Annotation:
<p>The goals of the research were to determine grade of Bali cattle breeding female and coefficient of reproduction of cattle breeding farm in NTB. Research was conducted in West Lombok Regency representing Lombok Island and Dompu Regency representing Sumbawa Island. Determination of cattle grade was carried out by measuring body weight, body length, shoulder height, and girth circle, as well as exterior observation, followed by data analysis with statistical descriptive tool. In order to know coefficient of reproduction, interviewed were implemented to the farmers (respondents), and then data were analyzed descriptively with the aid of table. Results of the study indicated that with the criteria of Directorate General of Livestock Services (DGLS) 2006, based on shoulder height (HS), grade of Bali cattle breeding female in NTB could be classified into: grade I = 36.5%; II = 49%; III = 7.5%; and non grade (NG) = 7%; based on body length (BL): grade I = 38.5%; II = 46%; III = 7.5%; and NG = 8%. When classification was considered based on island region, it showed that grade of Bali cattle breeding female in Sumbawa was better than that of in Lombok islands. Grade of Bali cattle breeding female in Lombok Island, based on HS was found as the following: grade I = 19.8%; II = 62%; III = 11%; and NG = 7%; while based on BL: grade I = 18.8%; II = 61%; III = 10%; and NG = 9%. Grade of Bali cattle breeding female in Sumbawa Island, based on HS was as the following: grade I = 57%; II = 34%; III = 3%; and NG = 7%; while based on BL: grade I = 61%; II = 29%; III = 4%; and NG = 6%. From technical coefficient of reproduction view point, the calving interval and weaning calf age were still quite long, about 15 and 6 months, respectively.</p><p>(Key words: Grade of Bali cattle breeding, Coefficient of reproduction, Bali cattle breeding female)<br /><br /></p>
42
Khaertdinov, R. A., G. M. Zakirova und I. N. Kamaldinov. „FEATURES OF SELECTION IN THE BREEDING AND COMMODITY PART OF DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN“. Scientific Notes Kazan Bauman State Academy of Veterinary Medicine 248, Nr. 4 (01.12.2021): 261–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31588/2413-4201-1883-248-4-261-267.
Annotation:
The evaluation of genealogical and factory lines, related groups within lines, their compatibility, the development of selection methods and the study of its effectiveness in creating breeding herds in dairy cattle breeding is of particular interest for the theory and practice of dairy cattle breeding.
43
Kopytets, Nataliia, und Volodymyr Voloshyn. „Organizational and economic aspects of functioning of the field of cattle breeding in Ukraine“. E3S Web of Conferences 282 (2021): 07015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128207015.
Annotation:
The article conducted with a scientific assessment and substantiated organizational and economic aspects of the functioning of the field of cattle breeding. The field of cattle breeding has been traditionally and remains one of the leading ones for Ukraine. The dynamics of livestock, milk production and beef and veal production were analyzed. It was established that the main producers of products of cattle breeding were the economy of the population, which provide more than 70 % of production volumes. The problematic issues of the functioning of the field of cattle were generalized: a reduction in the number of cattle, reducing its productivity, deterioration of production indices and its efficiency, unsatisfactory level of feed base, breeding and tribal work and technological support, insufficient state support, reduction of the level of consumption of products of cattle breeding. It was substantiated that the further functioning of the industry and its efficiency depends on the policy of the government and the motivational mechanism. The important areas for increasing the efficiency of the field of cattle are the concentration of production, including on the basis of co-operation of manufacturers, improvement of feed base and tribal affairs, modernization of logistical support, investment and innovation activity was argued
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Ananda, Pinta Aftaprilia Rizki, Rita Nurmalina, Burhanuddin Burhanuddin und Harry Suhada. „Analisis Keberlanjutan Pembibitan Sapi Potong di BPTU-HPT Padang Mengatas“. Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia 9, Nr. 2 (16.12.2021): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jai.2021.9.2.131-142.
Annotation:
Beef cattle breeding is one of the most important production factors and the quality of beef cattle breeds can affect the level of beef production. The increase in demand for beef is not followed by an increase in population and national beef productivity. The government is trying to fulfil the needs of domestic cattle breeds by establishing a Technical Implementation Unit for beef cattle breeding in various regions, one of which is Padang Mengatas BPTU-HPT. The most widely bred cattle breeders are local cattle, called pesisir’s cattle. Pesisir’s cattle are local cattle that have the potential to be developed because have several advantages over other local cattle. Therefore, in this study, it is needed to analyze the sustainability of pesisir’s cattle breeds in BPTU-HPT Padang Mengatas because pesisir’s cattle an important role as a meat supplier in West Sumatra whose population has decreased, it is necessary to see how sustainable the pesisir’s cattle are so that the supply of meat in West Sumatra is available sustainably with the germplasm of locally owned cattle. Data were processed using the Rap-Local Beef Cattle Breeding ordination technique through the Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) method for sustainability analysis. Our results indicated the sustainability status of pesisir’s cattle breeding in multidimensional is quite sustainable because the index value is at an interval of 50,01 until 75,00 with a value of 72,89 in the economic dimension 67,96 in the ecological dimension 67,78 in the social dimension and 56,04 in the technological dimension.
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Pochukalin, A. Ye, S. V. Pryima und O. V. Rizun. „BREEDING HERITAGE OF DAIRY-MEAT CATTLE OF UKRAINE – BROWN CARPATIAN CATTLE“. Animal Breeding and Genetics 58 (29.11.2019): 137–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/abg.58.18.
Annotation:
The prolonged breeding process of transformation of primitive but adapted forms of brown color to the conditions of Transcarpathia region, by crossing to 1972 (breeding approbation) and improvement to 2014 (deprivation of the last breeding status of breeding status of Brown Carpathian cattle), in Ukraine, unfortunately lost its resources (breeding) for the existence of the Brown Carpathian cattle.
The purpose of the study was to analyze the Brown Carpathian cattle by major economic useful features, livestock dynamics and genealogical structure.
Materials and methods of research. The main research methods were retrospective and source-based analyzes, based on breeding books, registers and reports of breeding farms engaged in breeding Brown Carpathian cattle.
The Brown Carpathian breed derives from ancient brown cattle, which settled all the medium Europe in ancient times. In Alpes region already in medieval times it gave rise to different types of high-productive Brown Alpine cattle, which was called on the place of its distribution. In Austria – Hornoin, France – Montafon, Switzerland – Swiss. Brown cattle of Transcarpathian region was called Rizhka. These cattle were small and low-productive, but it was unimproved almost till the beginning of 20-th century. Though at plains it was crossed with Grey Ukrainian cattle and get name “Mokan” (my horse in local language), as crosses were strong and enduring, characteristics, which inherent to Grey Ukrainian cattle. Their live weight was 200–300 kg, and wither height – not more, than 113 cm, milk production – not more, than 1200 kg.
Transcarpathia is the beginning of transformation of brown cattle into the Brown Carpathian breed of the combined direction of productivity, because it was from this period that the import of improved livestock began.
In 1972, by order of the Ministry of Agriculture, the Brown Carpathian cattle of cattle was approved and recognized as a domestic factory breed of dairy and meat direction of productivity.
It should also be noted that the feature of the breeding process, according to which the newly formed breed absorbs local breeds, but in the future itself is absorbed by the neoplasm, or more productive population. Thus, the Brown Carpathian breed at the beginning of its formation by the method of absorption crossing reduced the number of local Gray Hungarian and Pinzgau breeds.
In addition to the Transcarpathian, Ivano-Frankivsk, Chernivtsi and Lviv regions of Ukraine, which were the basis for breeding of the Brown Carpathian breed, there were also exports of breeding stock beyond their borders. Thus, during 1964 ... 1974, 24.3 thousand heads were exported to other countries: Central Asia and the Caucasus, as well as Slovakia, Romania and Hungary. In addition, the Brown Carpathian breed participated in the creation of the Brown Caucasian breed as an improvement.
According to O. M. Zabrovarny's description with co-authors, the compact body type of the Brown Carpathian cattle is adapted to the mountain and lowland zones of distribution of this breed. The authors note differences in the sexes of the body with some of their disadvantages. The horns have a light color with dark tips. Color of typical animals of the Brown Carpathian breed from light to dark brown. On the spine, around the nasal mirror a light color, also a light lower body, but without white spots. Dark are the nasal mirror, hoof horn, tail brush. Newborn calves have a greyish-gray to almost white, which darkens from 2 to 3 months of age.
According to the meat productivity, animals of the Brown Carpathian breed have satisfactory values. Thus, the average daily gains of bulls are 750–900 g. The genetic potential of dairy productivity of cows of the Brown Carpathian breed is high and is at the level of 8 … 9 tons of milk.
A characteristic feature of the Brown Carpathian cattle is the adaptation of the organism to the paratypical conditions of the mountain and lowland Transcarpathia, taking into account retention and feeding. The breed has two types: lowland (Berehiv, Vynohradiv, Mukachevo districts) and mountain (Rakhiv, Volovetsky, Mezhgirsky districts).
In order to preserve the Brown Carpathian cattle as a national property, it is necessary to carry out expeditionary examination of domestic animals, to analyze and evaluate livestock. In our opinion, this can serve as a starting point for the establishment of a reserve or individual gene pool subject of the Brown Carpathian breed.
Conclusions. The Brown Carpathian cattle belongs to the combined, dairy-meat direction of productivity. The cow's productivity is at the level of 3.5–4.5 thousand kg of milk with a fat content of 3.6–3.8%, the animals have satisfactory meat productivity. The peculiarity of the breed is its exceptional adaptation to the natural and climatic conditions of Transcarpathian Ukraine. The breed has a sufficient number of regional lines and families for distribution in Ukraine.
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Wei, Mian, Hui Zhou, Jiliang Ma, Nawab Khan, Jianmin Cao und Xiangdong Hu. „Research on Technical Efficiency of Feed Use for Sustainable Beef Cattle Breeding in China: Evidence from 169 Beef Cattle Farmers“. Sustainability 14, Nr. 24 (08.12.2022): 16430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142416430.
Annotation:
Sustainable green development, cost saving, and efficiency improvement have become the main theme of the high-quality development of China’s animal husbandry and the problem of overuse of feed should be paid more attention. Based on the 3-year input–output data of 169 beef cattle farmers, a trans-logarithmic stochastic frontier function was used to study the relationship between feed utilization efficiency and beef cattle breeding scale. The results showed that the average technical efficiency of feed utilization was 0.56, and the technical efficiency of feed utilization increased year by year. Simultaneously, it showed that Chinese beef cattle farmers pay more attention to feed utilization efficiency at this stage; the feed utilization efficiency of retail and medium-sized beef cattle farmers was in the best state in 2015 and 2016. In 2017, the feed utilization efficiency of small-scale beef cattle farmers was the best; the technical efficiency of beef cattle breeding will increase with the expansion of scale. The technical efficiency of beef cattle breeding will increase with the expansion of the scale, and the feed utilization efficiency of large-scale farmers is also better than that of retail farmers, and the scale of beef cattle breeding can bring better benefits. However, from the perspective of feed utilization efficiency, it is not the largest scale that represents the best efficiency, and from the perspective of breeding technology efficiency, the gap between various scales is gradually narrowing. This should also prove that under the condition of hard resource constraints, the large-scale development of beef cattle breeding is in line with the basic national conditions of China at this stage.
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Sari, D. A. P., Muladno und S. Said. „Potensi dan Performa Reproduksi Indukan Sapi Bali dalam Mendukung Usaha Pembiakan di Stasiun Lapang Sekolah Peternakan Rakyat“. Jurnal Ilmu Produksi dan Teknologi Hasil Peternakan 8, Nr. 2 (22.06.2020): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jipthp.8.2.80-85.
Annotation:
Reproductive performance of female cattle is one of the important factors that need to be known in supporting the efficiency of beef cattle breeding programs so that the dam can produce calves every year. This study aimed to evaluate the potential and reproductive performance of female Bali cattle to preparing a baseline for cattle breeding production in SL-SPR Maju Bersama, Sungai Lilin District. Three hundred and thirty female Bali cattle owned by 247 farmers were measured and recorded based on their production and reproduction performance. Data were collected by interview and observation. Data were analyzed using statistical and descriptive methods. Reproductive performance obtained is the age first calving 1098±120 days; calving interval 457,25±8,75 days; days open 109,25±8,57 days and service per conception 5,46±0,42. The average female cattle have a BCS value of 3 (43%). The result showed that the breeding of Bali cattle at SL-SPR had sufficient potential, but it was necessary to improve performance. The basic data obtained can be used to start a breeding business to increase populations and improve the genetic quality of Bali cattle.
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Veselá, Z., J. Přibyl, P. Šafus, L. Vostrý, K. Šeba und L. Štolc. „Breeding value for type traits in beef cattle in theCzech Republic“. Czech Journal of Animal Science 50, No. 9 (11.12.2011): 385–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4223-cjas.
Annotation:
The type was evaluated in 5 424 young animals of twelve beef breeds. Ten type traits were evaluated: height at sacrum (HS), body length (BL), live weight (LW), front chest width (CW), chest depth (CD), pelvis (P), shoulder muscling (SM), back muscling (BM), rump muscling (RM) and production type (PT). The traits represent two groups: (1) traits scoring body measurements and body capacity (HS, BL, LW, CW, CD, P) and (2) traits scoring muscling (SM, BM, RM, PT). These fixed effects were included in the model: breed, sex, HYS, mother’s age, linear regression on age at evaluation and average gain from birth to evaluation. Fixed effects in the model explained 40% to 60% of variability. The highest values of heritability coefficient were estimated for HS (h<sup>2</sup> = 0.51) and LW (h<sup>2</sup> = 0.50). BL had the lowest values of heritability coefficient (h<sup>2</sup> = 0.25). The values h<sup>2</sup> = 0.25–0.32 were calculated for the traits scoring body capacity (CW, CD, P). The range of values for muscling traits was h<sup>2</sup> = 0.26–0.35. The coefficient of heritability for PT was h<sup>2</sup> = 0.34. All traits scoring muscling and PT showed high genetic correlations (r<sub>g</sub> > 0.95). The traits scoring body capacity (P, CW, CD) were highly genetically correlated with muscling r<sub>g</sub> > 0.83. Breeding values were determined by a multi-trait animal model. Standard deviations of breeding values were higher in HS (s<sub>BV</sub> = 0.71) and LW (s<sub>BV</sub> = 0.84), which was connected with a different method of evaluation of these traits. They were in the range of 0.19 (BL) to 0.30 (RM) in the other traits.
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Gavrilenko, V. P., A. V. Bushov und A. N. Prokofyev. „Intrastrain breeding and line cross for breeding herds in dairy cattle“. Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy, Nr. 4(44) (19.11.2018): 140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18286/1816-4501-2018-4-140-145.
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Sleptsov, I. I. „GROUNDS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF PRECISION TECHNOLOGIES IN ORDER TO KEEP SPECIFIC BEEF CATTLE UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF YAKUTIA“. Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University), Nr. 4 (29.12.2019): 92–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2019-53-4-92-102.
Annotation:
The article demonstrates the research results on climate conditions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and grounds of application of precision technologies for breeding Kalmyk beef cattle on the basis of specific natural and climate conditions of Yakutia. The history of animal breeding says that enhancement of local livestock’s producing qualities in different years contributed to the fact that the stud breeds of cattle, generally dairy and beef-dairy types, were imported. Animals of the beef productivity type, known as Kazakh Whitehead cattle, the Hereford, the Kalmyk, and the Calloway breeds, were imported in order to receive crossbred youngsters with improved feeding and beef parameters. In all the time of the development, the cattle breeding in the region had beef-dairy types. The beef breeds were imported in the last decade for targeted purebred breeding and development of the beef industry for production of the beef. Therefore, in 2012, there were imported 200 animals of the Hereford cattle; the Kalmyk breed has been imported since 2013. The experience has shown that naturalizing of purebred animals to the breeding conditions of Yakutia was extremely stressful, and was followed by the diseases, falls, and decreasing of seed stock’s reproductive indicators. Particularly negative impact was observed on the animals of the highly productive Hereford breed, and this caused gradual degeneration of the breed under conditions of Yakutia. Although, specific natural and climate conditions of Yakutia significantly differ from that in other regions with developed beef cattle breeding, the animals of the Kalmyk breed, which was bred on the basis of the native steppe cattle, were relatively well adapted to the harsh conditions of the region. The authors argue the necessity and urgency of adaptive technologies development on specialized beef cattle breeding with respect to the harsh local conditions.