Zeitschriftenartikel: „Cathartic effect“

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Verbitskaya, Galina Ya. „The Gnoseology of Catharsis“. ICONI, Nr. 1 (2019): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.33779/2658-4824.2019.1.010-019.

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A work of art induces the recipient towards cognition and creativity by means of experience of cathartic emotion and the pain of convulsion. Art is a guide for life creativity which helps people make a metaphysical effort for overcoming despair. As the result of the conducted research a model has been developed of the emergence, development and realization of cathartic emotion. All the elements of the model are inwardly interconnected and mutually connected and are in the condition of a dialogue between the polarities of manifestations, the intensity of emotion, in a cause-and-effect relationship, in the connection of the invariant with the variant parts. The content and realization of the levels of experiencing cathartic emotion are disclosed in the dialogue of polar opposite fundamental principles of existence: fear vs. joy, compassion vs. pleasure, death vs. revival. This is what comprises the content and semantic signification of catharsis. Art is not exhausted by cathartic impact in the sense of purification, the most important thing is in the emergence of the insurmountable desire for creative activity. In other words, it is the reception of a work of art, the effort and artistry, the disclosure of the best in oneself, the generation of the creative gift, the emergence of the necessity for creative activity. On the essential level catharsis presents the outcome of the conflict, the resolution of the contradiction by means of the author’s creative insight and the admission of the audience into the highest level of understanding and sensation of the conflicts of life. It is particularly an aesthetic attitude towards the world created by perception of art. The artistic experience creates the possibility of resolving the eternal contradictions-antinomies of life as an infinite process of search for solutions of insoluble problems and an alternate perception of life and its meaning.

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Florea, Maria. „Media Violence and the Cathartic Effect“. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 92 (Oktober 2013): 349–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.08.683.

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3

ISHII, Yasuko, Yoshio TAKINO, Toshimasa TOYO'OKA und Hisayuki TANIZAWA. „Studies of Aloe. VI. Cathartic Effect of Isobarbaloin.“ Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 21, Nr. 11 (1998): 1226–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/bpb.21.1226.

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4

Awe, S. O., J. M. Makinde und O. A. Olajide. „Cathartic effect of the leaf extract of Vernonia amygdalina“. Fitoterapia 70, Nr. 2 (April 1999): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0367-326x(99)00017-9.

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5

Sarfati, Yves, Blandine Bouchaud und Marie-Christine Hardy-Baylé. „Cathartic Effect of Suicide Attempts Not Limited to Depression“. Crisis 24, Nr. 2 (März 2003): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027//0227-5910.24.2.73.

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Summary: The cathartic effect of suicide is traditionally defined as the existence of a rapid, significant, and spontaneous decrease in the depressive symptoms of suicide attempters after the act. This study was designed to investigate short-term variations, following a suicide attempt by self-poisoning, of a number of other variables identified as suicidal risk factors: hopelessness, impulsivity, personality traits, and quality of life. Patients hospitalized less than 24 hours after a deliberate (moderate) overdose were presented with the Montgomery-Asberg Depression and Impulsivity Rating Scales, Hopelessness scale, MMPI and World Health Organization's Quality of Life questionnaire (abbreviated versions). They were also asked to complete the same scales and questionnaires 8 days after discharge. The study involved 39 patients, the average interval between initial and follow-up assessment being 13.5 days. All the scores improved significantly, with the exception of quality of life and three out of the eight personality traits. This finding emphasizes the fact that improvement is not limited to depressive symptoms and enables us to identify the relative importance of each studied variable as a risk factor for attempted suicide. The limitations of the study are discussed as well as in particular the nongeneralizability of the sample and setting.

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ISHII, Yasuko, Hisayuki TANIZAWA und Yoshio TAKINO. „Studies of aloe. III. Mechanism of cathartic effect. (2).“ CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN 38, Nr. 1 (1990): 197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/cpb.38.197.

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7

ISHII, Yasuko, Hisayuki TANIZAWA und Yoshio TAKINO. „Studies of Aloe. IV. Mechanism of Cathartic Effect. (3).“ Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 17, Nr. 4 (1994): 495–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/bpb.17.495.

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ISHII, Yasuko, Hisayuki TANIZAWA und Yoshio TAKINO. „Studies of Aloe. V. Mechanism of Cathartic Effect. (4).“ Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 17, Nr. 5 (1994): 651–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/bpb.17.651.

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9

ISHII, YASUKO, HISAYUKI TANIZAWA und YOSHIO TAKINO. „Studies of Aloe. II. : Mechanism of Cathartic Effect. (1)“. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 108, Nr. 9 (1988): 904–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/yakushi1947.108.9_904.

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10

Bronisch, T. „Does an attempted suicide actually have a cathartic effect?“ Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 86, Nr. 3 (September 1992): 228–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1992.tb03257.x.

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11

van Praag, Herman, und Robert Plutchik. „An empirical study on the “cathartic effect” of attempted suicide“. Psychiatry Research 16, Nr. 2 (Oktober 1985): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1781(85)90005-8.

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12

Gruy-Kapral, C., M. Emmett, C. A. Santa Ana, J. L. Porter, J. S. Fordtran und K. D. Fine. „Effect of single dose resin-cathartic therapy on serum potassium concentration in patients with end-stage renal disease.“ Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 9, Nr. 10 (Oktober 1998): 1924–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/asn.v9101924.

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Hyperkalemia in patients with renal failure is frequently treated with a cation exchange resin (sodium polystyrene sulfonate, hereafter referred to as resin) in combination with a cathartic, but the effect of such therapy on serum potassium concentration has not been established. This study evaluates the effect of four single-dose resin-cathartic regimens and placebo on 5 different test days in six patients with chronic renal failure. Dietary intake was controlled. Fecal potassium output and serum potassium concentration were measured for 12 h. Phenolphthalein alone caused an average fecal potassium output of 54 mEq. The addition of resin caused an increase in insoluble potassium output but a decrease in soluble potassium output; therefore, there was no significant effect of resin on total potassium output. Sorbitol plus resin caused less potassium output than phenolphthalein plus resin. On placebo therapy, the average serum potassium concentration increased slightly (0.4 mEq/L) during the 12-h experiment. This rise was apparently abrogated by some of the regimens that included resin; this may have been due in part to extracellular volume expansion caused by absorption of sodium released from resin. Phenolphthalein regimens were associated with a slight rise in serum potassium concentrations (similar to placebo); this may have been due to extracellular volume contraction produced by high volume and sodium-rich diarrhea and acidosis secondary to bicarbonate losses. None of the regimens reduced serum potassium concentrations, compared with baseline levels. Because single-dose resin-cathartic therapy produces no or only trivial reductions in serum potassium concentration, and because this therapy is unpleasant and occasionally is associated with serious complications, this study questions the wisdom of its use in the management of acute hyperkalemic episodes.

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SHI, L., L. XU, S. HOU, S. LIN, H. YANG und T. MA. „Activation Effect of Cathartic Natural Compound Rhein to CFTR Chloride Channel1“. Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 22, Nr. 3 (Mai 2006): 312–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1005-9040(06)60105-0.

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Pompili, Maurizio, Marco Innamorati, Antonio Del Casale, Gianluca Serafini, Alberto Forte, David Lester, Michele Raja, Mario Amore, Roberto Tatarelli und Paolo Girardi. „No Cathartic Effect in Suicide Attempters Admitted to the Emergency Department“. Journal of Psychiatric Practice 15, Nr. 6 (November 2009): 433–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.pra.0000364284.78457.ea.

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HARIMA, Shoichi, Hideaki MATSUDA und Michinori KUBO. „Study of Various Rhubarbs Regarding the Cathartic Effect and Endotoxin-Induced Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation.“ Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 17, Nr. 11 (1994): 1522–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/bpb.17.1522.

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Roberts, Matthew. „Ajax in America, or Catharsis in the Time of Terrorism“. New Theatre Quarterly 36, Nr. 4 (November 2020): 306–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x20000652.

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Originally funded by the US Department of Defense in 2009, Theater of War Productions’ first project, Theater of War, performs dramatic readings of Ajax at military bases, hospitals, and academic institutions throughout the United States. Developed by Bryan Doerries, Theater of War brings awareness to the epidemic of suicide and other forms of violence committed by American military service members in the wake of the United States’ so-called ‘war on terror’. But like Ajax, American military personnel typically turn to violence only after being betrayed by the institutions that they served. This article follows how Ajax’s more modern manifestation disrupts the tragic protagonist’s status as a sacrificial victim whose death precipitates tragedy’s cathartic effect, and challenges what René Girard calls the ‘scapegoat mechanism’ and its socio-political function. It argues that Ajax’s appearance as a cathartic figure in American society provokes spectators and artists to reckon with the conditions that can cause military personnel to act violently, and inspires protests against broader hegemonic socio-political structures and the military culture that sustains them. Matthew Roberts is Assistant Professor and Librarian for Comparative and World Literature, English, and Drama at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

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Ávila, Myriam. „Catarse e final feliz“. Aletria: Revista de Estudos de Literatura 8 (02.03.2018): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/2317-2096.8..127-132.

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Resumo: É a certeza de que nada mais – ou nada importante – pode acontecer após o final de um conto que permite o acontecimento da catarse. Se na maioria das narrativas existe algum tipo de dénouement, em algumas delas isso acontece de maneira especialmente satisfatória e afirmativa. O conto de fadas é uma dessas formas narrativas onde o efeito catártico é extremo e preenche objetivos específicos, de acordo com Bruno Bettelheim. Hollywood mimetizou essa forma como estratégia de sedução, iniciando a tradição do final feliz no cinema. A partir do conto de fadas Cinderela, em diferentes versões, juntamente com a animação homônima da Disney e ainda duas versões do filme Sabrina, será traçada aqui uma relação entre a catarse e o final feliz nos contos de fada, bem como seu uso pela indústria cultural.Palavras-chave: catarse; contos de fada; Hollywood.Abstract: It is the certainty that nothing else – or nothing important – can happen after the closing of a tale that allows catharsis to take place. If in most narratives there is a kind of dénouement, in some forms it will be specially satisfactory and reassuring. The fairy tale is one of those forms in which the cathartic effect is uppermost and fulfills specific aims, according to Bruno Bettelheim. The Hollywood movie mimetized its form as strategy of seduction, starting the tradition of the happy end in film. Taking as a model the fairy tale “Cinderella” in different versions, along with Disney’s homonimous animation and two versions of the film “Sabrina”, a relation will be traced here between catharsis and happy end in fairy tales and its use in the cultural industry.Keywords: catharsis; fairy tales; Hollywood.

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金, 燕燕. „Mongolian Medicine’s Understanding of Dysmenorrhea and the Therapeutic Effect of Niruha Flexible Cathartic on Dysmenorrhea“. Traditional Chinese Medicine 08, Nr. 01 (2019): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/tcm.2019.81005.

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Lester, David, und Rina Terry. „Emotional Self-Repair and Poetry“. OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 28, Nr. 1 (Februar 1994): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/qla3-6qwh-pvxp-5jr7.

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Some scholars have argued that writing poetry was harmful for the psychological health of Sylvia Plath and Anne Sexton. Both writers seem to have suffered from affective disorders, but their poetry probably provided a cathartic benefit for them and helped them gain cognitive distance from their inner conflicts, since the writing of poetry requires a great deal of technical revision that may have an effect similar to cognitive therapy. It is argued, therefore, that writing may have helped both of these poets to survive longer than they might have had they not written.

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Mendez-Bolaina, Enrique, Maribel Vazquez-Hernandez, Claudia Veronica Moreno-Quiros, Octavio Maldonado-Saavedra, David Luna-Orea, Emma V. Herrera-Huerta und Rosa V. Garcia-Rodriguez. „Antioxidant potential, anti-inflammatory activity, antidiabetic and cardioprotective effect of Microsechium helleri(Peyr.) Cong.“ Boletin Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromaticas 20, Nr. 5 (30.09.2021): 524–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.37360/blacpma.21.20.5.39.

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Microsechium helleri(Cucurbitaceae) has been used in ethnopharmacological as a lotion to prevent hair loss, diuretic and cathartic, in the region of central Veracruz, Mexico is used as antidiabetic. The antioxidant properties of the hexanic (EHex), chloroformic (ECHCl3) and ethanolic (EEtOH) extracts, were evaluated by 2,2diphenyl-1-pychrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test, the Ferric Reducing/Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and the total phenolic content test. The anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated in the acute ear edema induced with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA) in mouse and the hypoglycemic and cardioprotective effects of the EEtOH were determined in rats. The EEtOH was the most active in the antioxidant potential DPPH test and the ECHCl3was the best in the FRAP assay and the total polyphenols content. In the anti-inflammatory assay, the ECHCl3showed the most activity. The EEtOH had the decreased the glucose levels and reduced myocardial damage. The results support the use of this plant in folk medicine in Mexico as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic and cardioprotective.

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Ci, Miao-Miao, Wen-Ge Wang, Xing Liu und Jun-Hong Zhang. „Effect of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz and Rehmannia dride rhizome on gastrointestinal motility in rats with cathartic colon“. World Chinese Journal of Digestology 23, Nr. 10 (2015): 1621. http://dx.doi.org/10.11569/wcjd.v23.i10.1621.

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Forrester, MB. „Pattern of ziprasidone exposures reported to Texas poison centers, 2001–2005“. Human & Experimental Toxicology 27, Nr. 4 (April 2008): 355–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327108091170.

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Information on potentially adverse exposures to the atypical antipsychotic drug ziprasidone is limited. This study described the pattern of exposures involving only ziprasidone (isolated exposures) reported to Texas poison control centers during 2001–2005. The mean dose was 666 mg. The patient age distribution was ≤5 years (11%), 6–19 years (30%), and ≥20 years (60%). The exposures were intentional in 53% of the cases. Seventy-five percent of the exposures were managed at health care facilities. The final medical outcome was classified as no effect for 39% of the cases and minor effects for 40% of the cases. Adverse clinical effects were listed for 53% of the patients; the most frequently reported being neurological (42%), cardiovascular (13%), and gastrointestinal (5%). The most frequently listed treatment was decontamination by charcoal (34%) or cathartic (28%). Potentially adverse ziprasidone exposures reported to poison control centers are likely to involve management at a health care facility and involve some sort of adverse clinical effect. With proper treatment, the outcomes of such exposures are generally favorable.

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Nemec, Marcel. „Catharsis – Philosophical and Spiritual Aspects of Long-Distance Running“. Acta Facultatis Educationis Physicae Universitatis Comenianae 56, Nr. 1 (01.05.2016): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/afepuc-2016-0004.

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Summary The purpose of the study was to identify and analyze the occurrence of cathartic states in a sample of long-distance runners. Data collected via questionnaires were used to evaluate quantitative variables complemented by heuristics while aiming at qualitatively categorize the areas of cathartic states in the context of philosophical and spiritual aspects of long-distance running. The study findings objectify philosophical and spiritual aspects affecting personalities of long-distance runners. The study findings have shown that catharsis represents a relevant philosophical and spiritual aspect affecting long-distance running. We assume that authentic experience of catharsis and its effects motivates runners to perform regular physical activity. The analysis of philosophical and spiritual aspects of long-distance running has revealed a multi-spectral holistic relevance based on the transfer affecting a specific way of life, spectrum of values, ethical personality traits, and also the quality of long-distance runners’ lives.

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de Laporte, Claudia. „Watching without Judging—Genius Awareness Techniques in Homeopathy“. Homœopathic Links 34, Nr. 01 (27.01.2021): 070–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1715107.

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AbstractHomeopathy is a holistic healing method for diseases of body and mind.Homeopathy and awareness-based healing methods have a lot in common. The important aspects of a mental healing process on the part of the treating person are empathic receptiveness, watching without judging and reflecting of the observed contents. On the part of the patient it is non-judgemental watching, catharsis and integration.The subtle watching of body, emotions and thoughts, applied in homeopathy, is closely related to meditative awareness techniques which nowadays are also used in psychotherapy.The reflection of the observed is done in homeopathy more by the resonant remedy than by words. With this individual remedy we ‘recognise’ our patients and we catalyse a cathartic awareness process. The primary objective of this awareness process is to help the patient understand and to accept himself, as he is, and subsequently to relax.While it is known that many mental disorders improve by becoming aware, this is less known for somatic diseases, although there are many studies which show a mental connection for a great part of physical diseases, and therefore similar techniques should work.The most important link between body and soul is the moderation of stressful and sympathetic states.Only in a relaxed parasympathetic state self-healing and repairing mechanisms and the immune system can work effectively and locomotor tensions get relief.Homoeopaths often deny the awareness-based effects of their healing method, because they fear homeopathy to be reduced to placebo medicine, in a time where homeopathy is attacked from many sides. As everywhere in medicine, the placebo effect is invited to ADD itself to the direct impact of our well-chosen remedies. Let us invite also the awareness effects described above, which are far more than only suggestive, by applying them more specifically.Homoeopaths should be proud of their genius and really holistic art of healing, which bundles substantial, psychic and energetic effects in an economical way and with very low side effects.

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Rodríguez Salas, Gerardo. „‘Close as a kiss’: Gyn/Affection in Margaret Atwood’s The Penelopiad“. Amaltea. Revista de mitocrítica 7 (22.06.2015): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/rev_amal.2015.v7.47697.

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Margaret Atwood’s novella The Penelopiad (2005) seemingly celebrates Penelope’s agency in opposition to Homer’s myth in The Odyssey. However, the twelve murdered maids steal the book to suggest the possibility of what Janice Raymond calls gyn/affection, a female bonding based on the logic of emotion that, in Atwood’s revision, verges on Kristevan abjection, the sinister and the fantastic, and serves a cathartic effect not only in the maids but also in the reader. This essay aims to question the generally accepted empowerment of Atwood’s Penelope and celebrates the murdered maids as the locus of emotion, where marginal aspects of gender and class merge to weave a powerful metaphorical tapestry of popular and traditionally feminized literary genres that, in plunging into and embracing the semiotic realm, ultimately solidify into an eclectic but compact alternative tradition of women’s writing and myth-making.

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Popuşoi, Simona A., Grigore M. Havârneanu und Corneliu E. Havârneanu. „“Get the f#∗k out of my way!” Exploring the cathartic effect of swear words in coping with driving anger“. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 56 (Juli 2018): 215–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2018.04.013.

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Green, Jason P., und William McCauley. „Bowel perforation after single-dose activated charcoal“. CJEM 8, Nr. 05 (September 2006): 358–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1481803500014081.

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ABSTRACT Patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) after medication overdose are often given activated charcoal initially for gastrointestinal decontamination. Complications of charcoal are rare, but do occur. The following case describes a patient with pre-existing undiagnosed diverticular disease who developed sigmoid perforation after a single dose of activated charcoal, given without cathartic for a drug overdose. A literature search revealed no other cases of bowel perforation associated with single-dose activated charcoal. This case report discusses adverse effects associated with activated charcoal and the role of cathartics in gastrointestinal decontamination.

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Germani, Ian. „German Expressionism in Context: the First World War and the European Avant-Garde“. Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Film and Media Studies 16, Nr. 1 (01.08.2019): 11–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ausfm-2019-0002.

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Abstract German Expressionism, although often viewed as a uniquely German phenomenon, was part of a broader crisis affecting the European avant-garde at the time of the First World War. The experience of modernity, so proudly displayed at events like the Universal Exposition of 1900, inspired both hopes and fears which were reflected in the works of artists, writers and musicians throughout Europe. The outbreak of the war was welcomed by many exponents of the avant-garde as the cathartic crisis they had anticipated. The letters and diaries of artists who hastened to enlist, however, reflected their rapid disillusionment. The war had the effect of severing cultural ties that had been forged prior to 1914. This did not prevent a parallel process of cultural evolution on both sides of the conflict. Those who survived the war, of diverse nationalities and artistic affiliations, produced works reflecting a common perception that modern civilization had resulted in humanity becoming a slave to its own machines.

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Schneider, Federico. „Pastoral Therapies for the Heartbroken in Guarini's Pastor Fido and Monteverdi's Book V“. Quaderni d'italianistica 29, Nr. 1 (01.01.2008): 73–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/q.i..v29i1.8494.

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The idea of pastoral poetry as therapy against love-melancholy is well rehearsed throughout the Renaissance. Guarini's Pastor Fido (1589) and Monteverdi Fifth Book of Madrigals (1605) represent two effective responses to the therapeutic urgencies of the pastoral. Guarini's famous pastoral ushers in a new form of dramatic poetry: tragicomedy, that is, with its tragic-in-the-comic purging formula and its advocacy for music as a necessary catalyst for the purging effect of poetry. Monteverdi's Book V co-opts to a great extent Guarini's pastoral in order to issue a program for a new tragic-in-the-comic aesthetics of musical grieving with an obvious cathartic purpose. Both efforts, then, are symptomatic signs of a culture that is not only particularly keen on the therapeutic function of the pastoral; it also pursues that therapeutic function by means of a profound reflection on aesthetics that shows a striking continuity across disciplinary lines.

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SHIJA, Terhemba. „Tragedy and its Cathartic Effect in Tiv Praise Poetry: A Reflection on Misery and Death in the Praise Poetry of Obadiah Kehemen Orkor“. Nile Journal of English Studies 1, Nr. 1 (07.03.2016): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.20321/nilejes.v1i1.38.

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<p>There is an ironic sense of fatalism in the Praise Poetry of the Tiv people which is created to elicit honour, heroism and success. It is an art form that evokes extreme emotions but also purges them in a manner that puts the reader or hearer in control of himself.</p><p>This paper examines a selection of oral poems by Obadia Orkor from Ukum district of Benue State to prove that Tiv art is a secular craft that seeks rational interpretation of man’s tragic fate in the same manner Greek tragedies did in classical times.</p>

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Vuignier, Barbara Insley, Gary M. Oderda, Richard L. Gorman, Wendy Klein-Schwartz und William A. Watson. „Effects of Magnesium Citrate and Clidinium Bromide on the Excretion of Activated Charcoal in Normal Subjects“. DICP 23, Nr. 1 (Januar 1989): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002808902300104.

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The efficacy of cathartics in shortening the gastrointestinal transit time of activated charcoal (AC) in the presence of drugs that alter gastrointestinal motility has not been determined. We evaluated the effects of magnesium citrate (MC) on the excretion of activated charcoal in healthy volunteers alone and with concurrent administration of the anticholinergic drug clidinium bromide. Forty subjects were randomized to clidinium bromide 5 mg or placebo capsule (PC), followed by activated charcoal 15 g and magnesium citrate or a placebo liquid (PL). The onset and duration of excretion of activated charcoal were noted. Mean onset times for activated charcoal were: group I (CB, MC) 4.5 ± 2.1 h; group II (CB, PL) 17.0 ± 10.0 h; group III (PC, MC) 6.3 ± 5.8 h; and group IV (PC, PL) 20.6 ± 8.4 h. The onset of excretion of activated charcoal was statistically different in both magnesium citrate groups as compared with the placebo liquid groups. The duration of activated charcoal in the stool was similar among the groups. The addition of clidinium bromide did not appear to affect gastrointestinal transit time. These results support previous studies of the effects of cathartics on the excretion of activated charcoal, and suggest that cathartic efficacy is not inhibited by anticholinergic drugs when used in therapeutic doses.

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Sussman, Lewis A. „Sons and Fathers in the Major Declamations Ascribed to Quintilian“. Rhetorica 13, Nr. 2 (1995): 179–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rh.1995.13.2.179.

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Abstract: A major focus of the school themes in the collections of Roman declamations knowrn as controversiae (practice court cases) is the period of a young man's adolescence, and especially his relationship with his father during this period. In part this can be explained because teachers in the private schools of rhetoric selected themes that naturally appealed to their students——male adolescents in their mid and late teens. This focus is especially notable in the Major Declamations, and since they are the only full examples of controversiae,the phenomenon can most easily be explored in reference to this werk. In its nineteen declamations youths are generally portrayed sympathetically, in contrast to their fathers who are often cruel and harsh. Relations between the two are generally very strained. The themes were popular because they reflected the reality of growing up in a paternally dominated society where fathers had absolute power(even of life and death) over their sons. These declamations therefore had a cathartic effect and escapist value fer Roman teenaged boys,who could vent or explore in legitimate and acceptable ways their repressed, pent-up, and often hostile feelings toward their fathers. The declamations therefore provide an important resource, when used judiciously, for associating social history with the history of rhetoric.

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Darroch, Fiona. „Journeys of Becoming: Hair, the Blogosphere and Theopoetics in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Americanah“. Text Matters, Nr. 10 (24.11.2020): 135–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2083-2931.10.08.

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Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s novel Americanah provides provocative reflections on intertextuality and becoming by exploring the potentially transformative power of “blog-writing.” Through a combined reading of Mayra Rivera’s Poetics of the Flesh and Adichie’s Americanah, this article details intersections between the virtual and the material; writing in the (imagined “other-wordly”) blogosphere about the organic matter of hair. The narrator of the novel, Ifemelu, establishes a blog after she shares her story to decide to stop using relaxants and to allow her hair to be natural, via an online chat-room; she refuses to go through ritual performances in order to succeed as a migrant in America. In this article I argue that Adichie’s detailing of Ifemelu’s relationship with her hair explores the way in which creative practice, or poetics, is intimately connected to the journey of our flesh; social history is marked on our bodies. The blog becomes a confessional which details the demeaning effect that social constructions of race have had on her body. But the blog ultimately becomes self-destructive. It is only when Ifemelu returns to Nigeria that she embodies the transformative and cathartic power of contemporary modes of story-telling, and where she is finally able to “spin herself into being.”

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Liedke, Heidi, und Monika Pietrzak-Franger. „Viral Theatre: Preliminary Thoughts on the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Online Theatre“. Journal of Contemporary Drama in English 9, Nr. 1 (01.05.2021): 128–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jcde-2021-0009.

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Abstract Theatre has been associated with contagion and contagious emotions since Plato and Aristotle. In the twentieth century, Antonin Artaud proposed that theatre or performance should be like the plague that takes control of actors’ and spectators’ bodies and infects them with an affective energy. For these infections to happen, however, audiences and actors must be in the same room. In times of the corona pandemic, this spatial proximity has been substituted by theatre mostly performed and/or streamed online. This article offers some preliminary thoughts on this development: it considers what we descriptively call “viral theatre.” We argue that we currently witness a form of viral theatre that manifests itself through an interplay of three aspects: first, the fact that both performers and spectators are in a state of disruption, second, the willingness/expectations on the part of spectators to participate in the event, and, finally, the use of communication technologies such as Zoom. The framework of the pandemic, therefore, enhances and modifies what viral theatre can be and what kind of effect it can have, oscillating between more Platonic notions of dangerous contagion when plays force us to explore questions of complicity and the Aristotelian ideal of cathartic emotions when plays/performers reach out to us for moral support.

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Thakur, Bhushankumar A., S. Bhalerao und Parnika Ravindra Shinde. „Comparison of surgical outcome of patients in whom bowel is prepared with intravenous fluid replacement with those who are not given intravenous fluid replacement“. International Surgery Journal 5, Nr. 11 (26.10.2018): 3570. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20184624.

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Background: Adequate cleansing is essential for reliable diagnostic and surgical colon procedures. Accuracy and safety depend on good preparation. Patient compliance is enhanced by simplicity and well-tolerated method. About mechanical bowel preparation with PEG and Nap, it is noted that PEG is more effective and better tolerated than the diet combined with cathartic regimens that were used before 1980. PEG also is safer and more effective than high-volume balanced electrolyte solutions. The aim of this prospective study is to assess whether perioperative outcome is affected by administrating a calculated amount of intravenous fluid during bowel preparation as compared to subjects who do not get I V fluids during bowel preparation.Methods: This is randomized prospective case control study, carried out government general hospital and teaching tertiary care institute located in Mumbai. Total 86 patients were included in this and randomly allocated to case or control group after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: More and more studies then compared the quality of preparation of bowel during colonoscopy with PEG and NaP and superiority of one over other was discovered. Also, this led to development of low dose 2 lit regimen of PEG and flavoring agents. Studies then were more inquisitive regarding the side effect of bowel preparation in regard to healing of anastomosis, chances of leak and effects of dehydration postoperatively. Present study is for same purposeConclusions: In present study it is observed that there is increase in I V fluid requirement in the patients in whom mechanical bowel preparation is given without I V fluid rehydration and the post-operative outcome in view of returning of bowel activity was unaltered.

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Matarese, Laura E. „Effect of a Bulk-Forming Cathartic on Diarrhea in Tube-Fed Patients DENNIS HEATHER, LARRY HOWELL, MICHAEL MONTANA, MARY HOWELL, RITA HILL Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, OR“. Nutrition in Clinical Practice 7, Nr. 1 (Februar 1992): 42–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/088453369200700114.

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Vorkachev, Sergey G. „Dirty hands: Bribery in Russian anecdote“. International Journal “Speech Genres” 30, Nr. 2 (25.05.2021): 118–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/2311-0740-2021-2-30-118-125.

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The study of the speech-genre and formal-semantic properties of Russian anecdotes on bribery is based the corpus of anecdotes, which also include jokes of Russian-speaking Ukrainians, differing from Russian ones only in the names of the “protagonists” appearing in them. It is established that the main means of creating a pun in a joke are the lexical and grammatical polysemy and homonymy, playing off the phonetic similarities and spontaneous humor. The comic effect in jokes on bribery can also be created by playing off idioms – their literalization or replacement of components. According to the corpus of anecdotes, the authorities act as an almost “exclusive” subject of bribery – officials of all ranks, police authorities and lawmakers. In the corpus of jokes on corruption, the axiological and praxeological aspects of bribery are traced clearly: the general attitude of society towards a bribe and its assessment. The research claims the ubiquity of bribery in power structures, and with regard to the miraculous disappearance of corruption, one can feel extreme pessimism as it is ineradicable and inescapable. Humor as the ability to notice the ridiculous side of someone or something and present it in a maliciously mocking form in the corpus of jokes on bribery is practically absent due to the domination of sarcasm and irony. In jokes, all the denunciatory pathos is directed at bribe-takers, towards whom there is hatred, impotent rage and hyperbolic cruelty. The “fight against corruption” is purely imitative, but it has several non-fictitious functions: a tool for reprisal against competitors and those who do not fit into corruption schemes. Among socio-cultural functions of the jokes on corruption, in addition to the entertainment function, the article identifies the cathartic-therapeutic function, aimed at relieving a psychological stress caused by the prevalence of bribery, and the aggression function, specified in the outrage by corruption.

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Priyansh Raghuwanshi. „Therapeutic Effects of Poetry During Lockdown: Using Catharsis and Expressive Art Theory in Context to Students and Women“. Creative Launcher 6, Nr. 1 (30.04.2021): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.53032/tcl.2021.6.1.02.

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Poetry is a personal expression of experiences and repressed feelings put into words. It can be a therapeutic and cathartic process for people struggling with psychological issues. The arrival of the Covid-19 pandemic forced the governments to shut down the economies and enforce lockdowns. When this fear of a virus, the anxiety of uncertainty, and broadcasting of deaths on news channels began, the ability of the brightest minds to comprehend the situation started failing them. The usage of social media added to the troubles of the youth. In such a situation, people started going back to their areas of interest, this included attempts to go back to the love of painting, singing, reading writing, etc. Writing, specifically taken, helped people express their repressed feelings during tough times. This paper attempts to find the answers to 3 questions; (i) How poetry brought out the repressed emotions of people stuck at home during lockdown? (ii) For people who write poetry, does it become an involuntary response when they are disturbed? (iii) Are all types of poetry therapeutic? The psychological state of mind of people during lockdown and the change in their behaviour after writing poetry will be analyzed through the expressive theory of art and catharsis.

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Bing, Won-Chul, und Soo-Jung Kim. „A Phenomenological Study of Mental Health Enhancement in Taekwondo Training: Application of Catharsis Theory“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, Nr. 8 (13.04.2021): 4082. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084082.

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In modern society, catharsis is often understood as the relieving of stress, and the psychological and medical effects of catharsis are well known even to ordinary people. There are many studies showing that physical activity is a good tool for managing and promoting mental health. However, there are not many studies on Taekwondo training and catharsis. Therefore, we conducted a study explaining catharsis as mental health promotion in Taekwondo training. This study explores mental health enhancement of Taekwondo training by using a phenomenological methodology. Phenomenology is a theory that seeks to understand an individual’s recognition of their own subjectivity rather than explaining objective factors about an individual. We collected data from interviews with 12 students who had been members of a university Taekwondo demonstration team. The phenomenological results were expressed as six themes: (1) vicarious purgation of repressed emotions, (2) emotional catharsis through pity and fear, (3) catharsis from ethics, (4) catharsis through mimesis, (5) catharsis from vicarious satisfaction through teammates, (6) catharsis from being the object of envy. Taekwondo, a traditional Korean martial art, is a physical activity that allows people to experience catharsis, which is a mental health effect of sports.

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Akah, Peter A., und Veronica N. Offiah. „Gastrointestinal Effects of Allamanda cathartica Leaf Extracts“. International Journal of Pharmacognosy 30, Nr. 3 (Januar 1992): 213–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13880209209054001.

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Mauro, Laurie S., James J. Nawarskas und Vincent F. Mauro. „Misadventures with Activated Charcoal and Recommendations for Safe Use“. Annals of Pharmacotherapy 28, Nr. 7-8 (Juli 1994): 915–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002809402800717.

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OBJECTIVE: To review published reports of adverse effects associated with single- and multiple-dose activated charcoal therapy, and to formulate recommendations for safe use of activated charcoal therapy. DATA SOURCES: A manual search of Index Medicus from 1970 to December 1993 was conducted for English language articles; bibliographies of the resultant articles were also scanned. STUDY SELECTION: Cases were included if they were described in full detail, resulted in significant morbidity or mortality, and uniquely contributed to the formulation of recommendations for safe use of activated charcoal therapy. DATA SYNTHESIS: The major causes of morbidity and mortality secondary to activated charcoal therapy are aspiration of charcoal, gastrointestinal obstruction, and fluid and electrolyte abnormalities. Aspirations have occurred as a result of a number of circumstances that may be avoided. These include use in patients with unprotected airways, use of excessive charcoal dose, administration of inappropriately diluted charcoal, and administration of charcoal in the field. Gastrointestinal obstruction has occurred when multiple doses of activated charcoal have been administered without a cathartic and in cases in which a cathartic was administered if the patient had impaired peristalsis. Fluid and electrolyte abnormalities have occurred secondary to excessive cathartic administration. CONCLUSIONS: Activated charcoal therapy should be used judiciously so that related morbidity and mortality can be prevented. Adequate consideration for the patient's airway protection capability is necessary. Judicious dosing of charcoal and concomitant cathartic therapy, along with adequate monitoring of fluid and electrolyte status, abdominal physical assessment, and clinical condition are all vital to the safe use of activated charcoal therapy.

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Khoo, Guan Soon, und Mary Beth Oliver. „The therapeutic effects of narrative cinema through clarification“. Aesthetic Engagement During Moments of Suffering 3, Nr. 2 (13.12.2013): 266–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ssol.3.2.06kho.

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Media psychologists have found no empirical support for catharsis as emotional venting or purgation. However, the concept persists in the humanities and everyday use, particularly in beliefs about the presumed effects of catharsis on well-being. This study adjusts the conceptualization of catharsis to include a cognitive aspect, i.e., the clarification of emotion, and examines the health outcomes of the combination of exposure to drama and drama-induced self-reflection. An experiment (N = 152) was conducted to compare the therapeutic effects of cinematic and reading-based dramas. In a mediation analysis, improvements in general health and lowered levels of depression were found for cinematic drama exposure with self-reflection, compared to reading-based drama exposure with self-reflection; this relationship was mediated by identification and emotional self-efficacy. Our results provide preliminary evidence for the therapeutic benefits of cinematic human drama through an altered conception of catharsis. Implications for using media to facilitate emotional fitness and meaningful entertainment are discussed.

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Li, Hai-Yan. „Effects of nociceptin/orphanin FQ on rats with cathartic colon“. World Journal of Gastroenterology 13, Nr. 1 (2007): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v13.i1.141.

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Meisiek, Stefan. „Which Catharsis Do They Mean? Aristotle, Moreno, Boal and Organization Theatre“. Organization Studies 25, Nr. 5 (Juni 2004): 797–816. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840604042415.

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An often-suggested effect of dramatic performances is catharsis. In this essay, three catharsis-related concepts are used to help explain the effects of organization theatre. First, according to Aristotle, theatre leads to release from negative affect, whereby the eliciting of emotions is seen as a means of purifying related bad memories. Theatre is supposed to arouse feelings connected with recognized problems by presenting these on the stage, thus allowing the audience to relive them passively and, because of their non-real presentation as drama, also to resolve them. The second concept, Moreno’s idea of a creativity-generating catharsis, was developed in connection with active participation in psychodrama and with actors’ training. By drawing on negative experiences and actively reliving them on stage, participants can develop the creativity needed to find new solutions. Third, Boal assumes that when an audience actively engages in the play by proposing solutions after an introductory scene has been performed, this serves as a test run for the problems that are encountered in real life. Thus, the test in the play provides the audience with the necessary action motivation to overcome such problems. These three approaches to catharsis are discussed and are then related to organization theatre in illustrative examples of companies that provide such performances.

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ZHAN, Jun, Hongfei XU, Jun REN und Jing LUO. „Is catharsis beneficial or harmful? The psychological intervention effect and potential harm of catharsis“. Advances in Psychological Science 28, Nr. 1 (2020): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1042.2020.00022.

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Guiden, Peter W., und John L. Orrock. „Invasive shrubs modify rodent activity timing, revealing a consistent behavioral rule governing diel activity“. Behavioral Ecology 30, Nr. 4 (10.04.2019): 1069–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arz050.

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Abstract Animals adjust the timing of their activity to maximize benefits, such as access to resources, and minimize costs, such as exposure to predators. Despite many examples of invasive plants changing animal behavior, the potential for invasive plants to alter the timing of animal activity remains unexplored. In eastern North America, invasive shrubs might have particularly strong effects on animal activity timing during spring and fall, when many invasive shrubs retain their leaves long after native species’ leaves senesce. We experimentally removed an invasive shrub (buckthorn, Rhamnus cathartica) and monitored the activity timing of a ubiquitous small-mammal species (white-footed mouse, Peromyscus leucopus) in spring, summer, and fall. We captured nearly 3 times as many P. leucopus in plots invaded by R. cathartica compared with plots with R. cathartica removed, and P. leucopus were captured 2 h earlier in invaded plots. Regardless of invasion treatment, P. leucopus appear to follow a common rule to set activity timing: P. leucopus were only active below a threshold of ground-level moonlight illuminance (0.038 lux). Diel and monthly lunar cycles play an important role in regulating small-mammal activity, but our data suggest that decreased light penetration dampens the influence of moonlight illuminance in habitats invaded by R. cathartica, allowing P. leucopus to remain active throughout the night. By changing the temporal niche of ubiquitous native animals, invasive shrubs may have unappreciated effects on many ecological interactions, including processes that alter community diversity and affect human health.

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Imans, Logan. „"Up Close and Intimate": Catharsis, the Dark Side of Sexuality, and The Dresden Dolls“. Nota Bene: Canadian Undergraduate Journal of Musicology 13, Nr. 1 (15.06.2020): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5206/notabene.v13i1.8559.

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The Dresden Dolls are a punk-cabaret band that use their music to delve into diverse and taboo subject matter including sexual assault, abortion, and trauma. Despite the morose and grotesque imagery invoked by their lyrics, this paper advocates for the therapeutic effects of catharsis as encouraged by The Dresden Dolls. This essay provides an overview of the applications of catharsis in the arts and psychotherapy, explores how the musical elements and performance contexts of punk-cabaret elicit catharsis, and develops a contemporary theory of catharsis as it pertains to the music of The Dresden Dolls. In considering manifestations of trauma and healing in the songs “Missed Me,” “Mandy Goes to Med School,” and “Lonesome Organist Rapes Page Turner,” this paper illustrates how, despite the potential challenges of confronting trauma through music, the approach of The Dresden Dolls is ultimately effective in cultivating catharsis and encouraging healing for their listeners.

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Chabra, Aroona, Bahman Rahimi-Esboei, Emran Habibi, Taha Monadi, Mohammad Azadbakht, Taher Elmi, Hossein Keshavarz valian, Javad Akhtari, Mahdi Fakhar und Farshad Naghshvar. „Effects of some natural products from fungal and herbal sources on Giardia lamblia in vivo“. Parasitology 146, Nr. 9 (22.04.2019): 1188–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182019000325.

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AbstractGiardia lamblia (G. lamblia) is the most widely known protozoan parasite that causes human gastrointestinal infection worldwide. Some natural compounds exhibited pivotal effects against different infectious diseases. In this research, the antigiardial activity and cytotoxicity of fungal chitosan, nano-chitosan, Rhamnus cathartica (R. cathartica) and emodin were evaluated in Balb/c mice. Genotyping of G. lamblia was assessed by PCR-RFLP technique. Different concentrations of mentioned compounds were used to check their antigiardial and cytotoxicity effects on human intestinal epithelial cells (HT-29) after 24, 48 and 72 h. The G. lamblia strain used in the current work was genotyped and revealed as an AII assemblage. All the concentration showed acceptable activity against G. lamblia cysts and trophozoites in comparison to the negative and positive controls (furazolidone and metronidazole) in vitro (P < 0.05). Giardia lamblia cysts were susceptible after treatment in all experiments in vivo in comparison to negative control (P < 0.05). Approximately, in most of the concentration, nano-chitosan and emodin were more effective than chitosan and R. cathartica, respectively (P < 0.05). The effects of exposure times in antigiardial and cytotoxicity effects were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The maximum mortality rate (100%) was achieved at 100 and 50 µg kg−1 concentrations after 48 and 72 h of exposure time, respectively. Our results provide significant information about the new antigiardial agent and proposed the nano-chitosan and emodin for the development of new drugs against G. lamblia in the future.

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Orisakwe, O. E., und E. Ogbonna. „Effect of Saline Cathartics on Gastrointestinal Transit Time of Activated Charcoal“. Human & Experimental Toxicology 12, Nr. 5 (September 1993): 403–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032719301200510.

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The effects of saline cathartics on the gastrointestinal transit time of activated charcoal were investigated in six healthy volunteers. The study shows that the mean gastrointestinal transit times of charcoal alone were 29.3 h and 24.4, 15.4, 17.3 and 17.5 h with sodium chloride, sodium sulphate, magnesium sulphate alone and Andrew's Liver Salt respectively. Some volunteers complained of slight abdominal discomfort in all the phases except the Andrew's Liver Salt phase.

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Ali Esmail Al-Snafi, Tayseer Ali Talab, Wajdi M. Jabbar und Ali M. Alqahtani. „Chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Mirabilis jalapa- A review“. International Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Archive 1, Nr. 2 (28.02.2021): 034–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijbpsa.2021.1.2.0303.

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Mirabilis jalapa was used traditionally in the treatment of kidney infections, as diuretic, tonic, cathartic, purgative and emetic. The phytochemical screening of the extracts of the leaves and stems of the Mirabilis jalaparevealed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, carbohydrates, terpenes, glycosides, saponins, protein, cardiac glycosides, steroids and emodin. The previous pharmacological studies revealed that Mirabilis jalapa possessed wide range of pharmacological and therapeutic effects included antimicrobial, antiparasitic, dermatological, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antidiabetic, antihistaminic, immune-modulatory, antispasmodic and many other pharmacological effects. The chemical constituents, nutritional, pharmacological and therapeutic effects ofMirabilis jalapawere discussed in the current review.

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