Zeitschriftenartikel: „Catalytic performance“

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Alom, Jahangir, Md Saif Hasan, Md Asaduzaman, Mohammad Taufiq Alam, Dalel Belhaj, Raja Selvaraj, Md Ashraf Hossain, Masoumeh Zargar und Mohammad Boshir Ahmed. „Catalytical Performance of Heteroatom Doped and Undoped Carbon-Based Materials“. Catalysts 13, Nr. 5 (29.04.2023): 823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13050823.

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Developing cost-effective, eco-friendly, efficient, stable, and unique catalytic systems remains a crucial issue in catalysis. Due to their superior physicochemical and electrochemical properties, exceptional structural characteristics, environmental friendliness, economic productivity, minimal energy demand, and abundant supply, a significant amount of research has been devoted to the development of various doped carbon materials as efficient catalysts. In addition, carbon-based materials (CBMs) with specified doping have lately become significant members of the carbon group, showing promise for a broad range of uses (e.g., catalysis, environmental remediation, critical chemical production, and energy conversion and storage). This study will, therefore, pay attention to the function of heteroatom-based doped and undoped CBMs for catalytical applications and discuss the underlying chemistries of catalysis. According to the findings, doping CBMs may greatly improve their catalytic activity, and heteroatom-doped CBMs may be a promising option for further metal doping to attach them to an appropriate place. This paper also covers the potential applications of both doped and undoped CBMs in the future.

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Vogt, Claus Dieter, E. Ohara, M. Brayer, M. Makino und E. R. Becker. „Predicting catalytic performance“. ATZautotechnology 1, Nr. 4 (Juli 2001): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03246625.

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3

Parkinson, Gareth S. „Single-Atom Catalysis: How Structure Influences Catalytic Performance“. Catalysis Letters 149, Nr. 5 (25.02.2019): 1137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10562-019-02709-7.

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Sun, Zhengxiang, Rui Wang, Vitaly Edwardovich Matulis und Korchak Vladimir. „Structure, Synthesis, and Catalytic Performance of Emerging MXene-Based Catalysts“. Molecules 29, Nr. 6 (14.03.2024): 1286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29061286.

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As traditional fossil fuel energy development faces significant challenges, two-dimensional layered materials have become increasingly popular in various fields and have generated widespread research interest. MXene is an exceptional catalytic material that is typically integrated into functional composite materials with other substances to enhance its catalytic-reaction performance. Improving the thermal stability, electrical conductivity, and electrochemical activity, as well as enhancing the specific surface structure, can make the material an excellent catalyst for photoelectrocatalysis and energy-regeneration reactions. The article mainly outlines the structural characteristics, preparation methods, and applications of MXene in the field of catalysis. This text highlights the latest progress and performance comparison of MXene-based catalytic functional materials in various fields such as electrochemical conversion, photocatalysis, renewable energy, energy storage, and carbon capture and conversion. It also proposes future prospects and discusses the current bottlenecks and challenges in the development of MXene-based catalytic materials.

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Mitra, Suchareeta, Harry W. Jarrett und Luis A. Jurado. „High-performance catalytic chromatography“. Journal of Chromatography A 1076, Nr. 1-2 (Mai 2005): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2005.04.019.

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Nurhadi, Mukhamad, Ratna Kusumawardani und Hadi Nur. „Negative Effect of Calcination to Catalytic Performance of Coal Char-loaded TiO2 Catalyst in Styrene Oxidation with Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxidant“. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 13, Nr. 1 (02.04.2018): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.13.1.1171.113-118.

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The research of negative effect of calcination to catalytic performance of coal char-loaded TiO2 catalyst in styrene oxidation with hydrogen peroxide as oxidant has successfully done. The effects of calcination step to catalyst properties were characterized with Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), X-ray Difraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The catalytic performance of the catalysts has been investigated in styrene oxidation with hydrogen peroxide as oxidant. The catalytic study showed the calcination step influenced to catalytic properties and could decrease the catalytic performance of coal char-loaded TiO2 catalyst in styrene oxidation. Copyright © 2018 BCREC Group. All rights reservedReceived: 20th April 2017; Revised: 8th September 2017; Accepted: 8th September 2017; Available online: 22nd January 2018; Published regularly: 2nd April 2018How to Cite: Nurhadi, M., Kusumawardani, R., Nur, H. (2018). Negative Effect of Calcination to Catalytic Performance of Coal Char-loaded TiO2 Catalyst in Styrene Oxidation with Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxidant. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 13 (1): 113-118 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.13.1.1171.113-118)

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Cheong, Ying-Wai, Ka-Lun Wong, Boon Seng Ooi, Tau Chuan Ling, Fitri Khoerunnisa und Eng-Poh Ng. „Effects of Synthesis Parameters on Crystallization Behavior of K-MER Zeolite and Its Morphological Properties on Catalytic Cyanoethylation Reaction“. Crystals 10, Nr. 2 (23.01.2020): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10020064.

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MER-type zeolite is an interesting microporous material that has been widely used in catalysis and separation. By carefully controlling the synthesis parameters, a procedure to synthesize K-MER zeolite crystals with various morphologies has been developed. The silica, water and mineralizer content in the synthesis gel, as well as crystallization time and temperature, have a profound impact on the crystallization kinetics, resulting in zeolite solids with various degrees of crystallinity, crystal sizes and shapes. K-MER zeolite crystals with nanorod, bullet-like, prismatic and wheatsheaf-like morphologies have been successfully obtained. The catalytic performances of the K-MER zeolites in cyanoethylation of methanol, under novel non-microwave instant heating, have been investigated. The zeolite in nanosize form shows the best catalytic performance (94.1% conversion, 100% selectivity) while the bullet-like zeolite gives poorest catalytic performance (44.2% conversion, 100% selectivity).

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Liu, Yuxi, Guofeng Zhao, Dingsheng Wang und Yadong Li. „Heterogeneous catalysis for green chemistry based on nanocrystals“. National Science Review 2, Nr. 2 (30.04.2015): 150–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwv014.

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Abstract Modern society has an ever-increasing demand for environmentally friendly catalytic processes. Catalysis research is working towards a solution through the development of effective heterogeneous catalysts for environment-related applications. Nanotechnologies have provided effective strategies for the preparation of nanocrystals (NCs) with well-defined sizes, shapes and compositions. Precise control of these NCs provides an important foundation for the studies of structure-performance relationships in catalysis, which is critical to the design of NCs with optimized catalytic performances for practical applications. We focus on recent advances in the development of bottom-up strategies to control NCs structures for some key catalytic applications, including CO oxidation, selective oxidation of alcohols, semihydrogenation of alkynes, and selective hydrogenation of unsaturated aldehydes and nitrobenzene. These key applications have been a popular research focus because of their significance in green chemistry. Herein we also discuss the scientific understandings of the active species and active structures of these systems to gain an insight for rational design of efficient catalytic systems for these catalytic reactions.

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Liu, Yanbiao, Xiang Liu, Shengnan Yang, Fang Li, Chensi Shen, Chunyan Ma, Manhong Huang und Wolfgang Sand. „Ligand-Free Nano-Au Catalysts on Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Filter for Continuous Flow Catalysis“. Nanomaterials 8, Nr. 9 (05.09.2018): 688. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano8090688.

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In this study, the authors rationally designed a high-performance catalytic filter for continuous flow catalysis. The catalytic filter consisted of ligand-free nanoscale gold (nano-Au) catalysts and nitrogen-doped graphene (N-rGO). The Au catalyst was fabricated in situ onto a pre-formed N-rGO support by the NaBH4 reduction of the Au precursor, and the size of the nano-Au was fine-tuned. A hydrothermal pretreatment of graphene oxide enriched nitrogen-containing species on the surface of two-dimensional graphene supports and enhanced the affinity of Au precursors onto the support via electrocatalytic attraction. The nano-Au catalysts acted as high-performance catalysts, and the N-rGO acted as ideal filter materials to anchor the catalysts. The catalytic activity of the as-designed catalytic filter was evaluated using 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) hydrogenation as a model catalytic reaction. The catalytic filters demonstrated superior catalytic activity and excellent stability, where a complete 4-nitrophenol conversion was readily achieved via a single pass through the catalytic filter. The as-fabricated catalytic filter outperformed the conventional batch reactors due to evidently improved mass transport. Some key operational parameters impacting the catalytic performance were identified and optimized. A similar catalytic performance was also observed for three 4-nitrophenol spiked real water samples (e.g., surface water, tap water, and industrial dyeing wastewater). The excellent catalytic activity of the nano-Au catalysts combined with the two-dimensional and mechanically stable graphene allowed for the rational design of various continuous flow catalytic membranes for potential industrial applications.

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Sang, Chao, und Yunjun Luo. „Effect of Metastable Intermolecular Composites on the Thermal Decomposition of Glycidyl Azide Polymer Energetic Thermoplastic Elastomer“. Polymers 16, Nr. 15 (24.07.2024): 2107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16152107.

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Glycidyl azide polymer energetic thermoplastic elastomer (GAP-ETPE) has become a research hotspot due to its excellent comprehensive performance. In this paper, metastable intermolecular energetic nanocomposites (MICs) were prepared by a simple and safe method, and the catalytic performance for decomposition of GAP-ETPE was studied. An X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the MICs exhibited specific crystal formation, which proved that the MICs were successfully prepared. Morphology, surface area, and pore structure analysis showed that the Al/copper ferrite and Al/Fe2O3 MICs had a large specific surface area mesoporous structure. The Al/CuO MICs did not have a mesoporous structure or a large surface area. The structure of MICs led to their different performance for the GAP-ETPE decomposition catalysis. The increase in specific surface area is a benefit of the catalytic performance. Due to the easier formation of complexes, MICs containing Cu have better catalytic performance for GAP-ETPE decomposition than those containing Fe. The conclusions of this study can provide a basis for the adjustment of the catalytic performance of MICs in GAP-ETPE propellants.

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Gu, Shifei, Chengheng Huang, Xiaorong Han, Qiuju Qin, Donghai Mo, Chen Li, Yuhua You, Lihui Dong und Bin Li. „Improvement of NH3-SCR Performance by Exposing Different Active Components in a VCeMn/Ti Catalytic System“. Catalysts 14, Nr. 2 (07.02.2024): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal14020131.

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The physicochemical properties of active components play a key role in enhancing catalytic performance. In multi-component catalysts, different components offer a wide range of structural possibilities and catalytic potential. However, determining the role of specific components in enhancing efficiency may be blurry. This study synthetized a range of catalysts with various metal compositions on their external surfaces to investigate their catalytic activity on NH3-SCR. The V/CeMn/Ti catalysts exhibited exceptional catalytic efficiency and strong tolerance to SO2 during the SCR process. In the system, Mn and Ce facilitated electron transfer during the catalytic removal of NOx. As an assisting agent, increased the number of active species and acidic sites, playing a crucial role in oxidizing NO to NO2 and facilitating the denitrogenation reaction process at low temperatures. Further studies showed that the three ingredients exhibited unique adsorbent behaviors on the reacting gases, which provided different catalytic possibilities. This work modeled the particular catalysis of V and Ce (Mn) species, respectively, and offers experimental instruction for improving the activity and excellent tolerance to SO2 by controlling active ingredients.

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Liu, Tao, Lirui Mao, Facun Jiao, Chengli Wu, Mingdong Zheng und Hanxu Li. „Catalytic performance of Na/Ca-based fluxes for coal char gasification“. Green Processing and Synthesis 11, Nr. 1 (01.01.2022): 204–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/gps-2022-0020.

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Abstract Flux, able to improve the ash fusibility, usually contains catalytic metal compounds. Unfortunately, the quantitative analysis of synergistic catalysis effects between different fluxing agents on coal gasification has not been investigated thoroughly. In this study, the effect of the kinds and content of Na/Ca-based fluxes on char gasification was investigated in thermogravimetry analyzer (TGA). The synergistic catalysis effects and mechanism between the two kinds of fluxes were also studied. Finally, based on the TGA tests, the kinetics models for char gasification with flux addition were developed. The results showed that all the four Na-based fluxes could increase the char reactivity. Na2CO3, which afforded the best activity, could increase the reactivity by 5.3 times when the content was 5%. The five Ca-based fluxes had a weaker catalysis effect compared with Na-based fluxes. CaCl2, exhibiting the best activity among the five Ca-based fluxes, could increase the reactivity by 2.3 times when the content was 5%. For composite fluxes, Na2CO3–CaO and Na2CO3–CaCO3 had a remarkable synergistic effect, whereas others had less effect. Na2CO3 could inhibit the aggregation of Ca, which might cause the synergistic effects between Na and Ca fluxes. The random pore model was more suitable to describe the catalytic gasification process.

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Chen, Huihui, Mei Yang, Yuan Liu, Jun Yue und Guangwen Chen. „Influence of Co3O4 Nanostructure Morphology on the Catalytic Degradation of p-Nitrophenol“. Molecules 28, Nr. 21 (02.11.2023): 7396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28217396.

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The design and fabrication of nanomaterials with controllable morphology and size is of critical importance to achieve excellent catalytic performance in heterogeneous catalysis. In this work, cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanostructures with different morphologies (nanoplates, microflowers, nanorods and nanocubes) were successfully constructed in order to establish the morphology–property–performance relationship of the catalysts. The morphology and structure of the nanostructured Co3O4 were characterized by various techniques, and the catalytic performance of the as-prepared nanostructures was studied by monitoring the reduction of p-nitrophenol to p-aminophenol in the presence of excess NaBH4. The catalytic performance was found to be strongly dependent on their morphologies. The experimental results show that the pseudo-first-order reaction rate constants for Co3O4 nanostructures with various shapes are, respectively, 1.49 min−1 (nanoplates), 1.40 min−1 (microflowers), 0.78 min−1 (nanorods) and 0.23 min−1 (nanocubes). The Co3O4 nanoplates exhibited the highest catalytic activity among the four nanostructures, due to their largest specific surface area, relatively high total pore volume, best redox properties and abundance of defect sites. The established correlation between morphology, property and catalytic performance in this work will offer valuable insight into the design and application of nanostructured Co3O4 as a potential non-noble metal catalyst for p-nitrophenol reduction.

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Christiansen, L. „Performance Evaluation of Catalytic Processes“. Computers & Chemical Engineering 21, Nr. 1-2 (1997): S1179—S1184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0098-1354(97)00209-3.

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Christiansen, Lars J., Nina Bruniche-Olsen, Jack H. Carstensen und Michael Schrøder. „Performance evaluation of catalytic processes“. Computers & Chemical Engineering 21 (Mai 1997): S1179—S1184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0098-1354(97)87662-4.

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Yang, Zhao, Huaze Zhu, Huijuan Zhu, Yanbing Wang, Liming Che, Zhiqing Yang, Jun Fang, Qi-Hui Wu und Bing Hui Chen. „Insights into the role of nanoalloy surface compositions toward catalytic acetone hydrogenation“. Chemical Communications 54, Nr. 60 (2018): 8351–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc04293d.

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Ji, Fengtong, Ben Wang und Li Zhang. „Light-Triggered Catalytic Performance Enhancement Using Magnetic Nanomotor Ensembles“. Research 2020 (08.07.2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2020/6380794.

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Micro/nanomachines have attracted extensive attention in the biomedical and environmental fields for realizing functionalities at small scales. However, they have been rarely investigated as active nanocatalysts. Heterogeneous nanocatalysts have exceptional reusability and recyclability, and integration with magnetic materials enables their recovery with minimum loss. Herein, we propose a model active nanocatalyst using magnetic nanomotor ensembles (MNEs) that can degrade contaminants in an aqueous solution with high catalytic performance. MNEs composed of a magnetite core coated with gold nanoparticles as the nanocatalyst can rotate under the action of a programmable external field and carry out rapid reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). The hydrogen bubbles generated in the catalytic reaction provide random perturbations for the MNEs to travel in the reaction solution, resulting in uniform processing. The reduction can be further boosted by irradiation with near-infrared (NIR) light. Magnetic field induces the rotation of the MNEs and provides microstirring in the catalysis. Light enhances the catalytic activity via the photothermal effect. These MNEs are also capable of moving to the targeted region through the application of a programmable magnetic field and then process the contaminant in the targeted region. We expect that such magnetic MNEs may help better in applying active heterogeneous nanocatalysts with magnetic field and light-enhanced performance in industrial applications due to their advantages of low material cost and short reaction time.

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Odularu, Ayodele Temidayo. „Bismuth as Smart Material and Its Application in the Ninth Principle of Sustainable Chemistry“. Journal of Chemistry 2020 (22.07.2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9802934.

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This paper reports an overview of Green Chemistry and the concept of its twelve principles. This study focusses on the ninth principle of Green Chemistry, that is, catalysis. A report on catalysis, in line with its definition, background, classification, properties, and applications, is provided. The study also entails a green element called bismuth. Bismuth’s low toxicity and low cost have made researchers focus on its wide applications in catalysis. It exhibits smartness in all the catalytic activities with the highest catalytic performance among other metals.

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Shukla, Vinayak, und Prof Yogesh Tembhurne. „A Review on Performance Enhancement of Catalytic Conveter by Making Geometrical Changes“. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-4 (30.06.2018): 629–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd13058.

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Qing, Shaojun, Xiaoning Hou, Yajie Liu, Lindong Li, Xiang Wang, Zhixian Gao und Weibin Fan. „Strategic use of CuAlO2 as a sustained release catalyst for production of hydrogen from methanol steam reforming“. Chemical Communications 54, Nr. 86 (2018): 12242–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc06600k.

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Mannu, Rashmi, Vaithinathan Karthikeyan, Murugendrappa Malalkere Veerappa, Vellaisamy A. L. Roy, Anantha-Iyengar Gopalan, Gopalan Saianand, Prashant Sonar et al. „Facile Use of Silver Nanoparticles-Loaded Alumina/Silica in Nanofluid Formulations for Enhanced Catalytic Performance toward 4-Nitrophenol Reduction“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, Nr. 6 (15.03.2021): 2994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18062994.

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The introduction of toxic chemicals into the environment can result in water pollution leading to the degradation of biodiversity as well as human health. This study presents a new approach of using metal oxides (Al2O3 and SiO2) modified with a plasmonic metal (silver, Ag) nanoparticles (NPs)-based nanofluid (NF) formulation for environmental remediation purposes. Firstly, we prepared the Al2O3 and SiO2 NFs of different concentrations (0.2 to 2.0 weight %) by ultrasonic-assisted dispersion of Al2O3 and SiO2 NPs with water as the base fluid. The thermo-physical (viscosity, activation energy, and thermal conductivity), electrical (AC conductivity and dielectric constant) and physical (ultrasonic velocity, density, refractive index) and stability characteristics were comparatively evaluated. The Al2O3 and SiO2 NPs were then catalytically activated by loading silver NPs to obtain Al2O3/SiO2@Ag composite NPs. The catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) with Al2O3/SiO2@Ag based NFs was followed. The catalytic efficiency of Al2O3@Ag NF and SiO2@Ag NF, for the 4-NP catalysis, is compared. Based on the catalytic rate constant evaluation, the catalytic reduction efficiency for 4-NP is found to be superior for 2% weight Al2O3@Ag NF (92.9 × 10−3 s−1) as compared to the SiO2@Ag NF (29.3 × 10−3 s−1). Importantly, the enhanced catalytic efficiency of 2% weight Al2O3@Ag NF for 4-NP removal is much higher than other metal NPs based catalysts reported in the literature, signifying the importance of NF formulation-based catalysis.

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Gorbanev, Yury, Yannick Engelmann, Kevin van’t Veer, Evgenii Vlasov, Callie Ndayirinde, Yanhui Yi, Sara Bals und Annemie Bogaerts. „Al2O3-Supported Transition Metals for Plasma-Catalytic NH3 Synthesis in a DBD Plasma: Metal Activity and Insights into Mechanisms“. Catalysts 11, Nr. 10 (13.10.2021): 1230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11101230.

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N2 fixation into NH3 is one of the main processes in the chemical industry. Plasma catalysis is among the environmentally friendly alternatives to the industrial energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process. However, many questions remain open, such as the applicability of the conventional catalytic knowledge to plasma. In this work, we studied the performance of Al2O3-supported Fe, Ru, Co and Cu catalysts in plasma-catalytic NH3 synthesis in a DBD reactor. We investigated the effects of different active metals, and different ratios of the feed gas components, on the concentration and production rate of NH3, and the energy consumption of the plasma system. The results show that the trend of the metal activity (common for thermal catalysis) does not appear in the case of plasma catalysis: here, all metals exhibited similar performance. These findings are in good agreement with our recently published microkinetic model. This highlights the virtual independence of NH3 production on the metal catalyst material, thus validating the model and indicating the potential contribution of radical adsorption and Eley-Rideal reactions to the plasma-catalytic mechanism of NH3 synthesis.

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Li, Xuan, Detre Teschner, Verena Streibel, Thomas Lunkenbein, Liudmyla Masliuk, Teng Fu, Yuanqing Wang et al. „How to control selectivity in alkane oxidation?“ Chemical Science 10, Nr. 8 (2019): 2429–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8sc04641g.

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Zhang, Jing-Yu, Yi Lu, Jin-Ku Liu und Hao Jiang. „Mosaic structure effect and superior catalytic performance of AgBr/Ag2MoO4 composite materials“. RSC Advances 6, Nr. 97 (2016): 94771–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra17433g.

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The research focused on mosaic style AgBr–Ag₂MoO₄ composite materials prepared by in situ composite method. The catalytic efficiency enhanced 149 times compared to pure Ag₂MoO₄. The success of instant catalysis owed to the mosaic structure effect.

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Huang, Tiefan, Guan Sheng, Priyanka Manchanda, Abdul H. Emwas, Zhiping Lai, Suzana Pereira Nunes und Klaus-Viktor Peinemann. „Cyclodextrin polymer networks decorated with subnanometer metal nanoparticles for high-performance low-temperature catalysis“. Science Advances 5, Nr. 11 (November 2019): eaax6976. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax6976.

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The synthesis of support materials with suitable coordination sites and confined structures for the controlled growth of ultrasmall metal nanoparticles is of great importance in heterogeneous catalysis. Here, by rational design of a cross-linked β-cyclodextrin polymer network (CPN), various metal nanoparticles (palladium, silver, platinum, gold, and rhodium) of subnanometer size (<1 nm) and narrow size distribution are formed via a mild and facile procedure. The presence of the metal coordination sites and the network structure are key to the successful synthesis and stabilization of the ultrasmall metal nanoparticles. The as-prepared CPN, loaded with palladium nanoparticles, is used as a heterogeneous catalyst and shows outstanding catalytic performance in the hydrogenation of nitro compounds and Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction under mild conditions. The CPN support works synergistically with the metal nanoparticles, achieving high catalytic activity and selectivity. In addition, the catalytic activity of the formed catalyst is controllable.

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Wang, Yuwei, Jian He, Yipeng Zang, Changbao Zhao, Miaomiao Di und Bin Wang. „Controlled synthesis of Mo₂C micron flowers via vapor–liquid–solid method as enhanced electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction“. RSC Advances 13, Nr. 37 (2023): 26144–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3ra04813f.

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Fatimah, Is. „Metal Oxide and Metal Complex Immobilization Modified Smectite Clay For Green Catalysis and Photo-Catalysis Applications: A Mini Review“. Chemical 3, Nr. 1 (06.01.2018): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.20885/ijcr.vol2.iss1.art7.

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Clay minerals are promising modifiable material for catalysis application. Fit to green chemistry issue, green catalysis based on clay minerals modification has been designed in our research group. Metal oxide and metal complexes modification onto natural and synthetic smectite clay via pillarization and intercalation processes and its application as green catalyst have been investigated.Â This paper presents the study on preparation of Ni, Zr and PtÂ insertion on smectite clay structure for green conversion of citronellal to menthol via catalytic hydrogen transfer mechanism and Ru-complex modified smectite clay as novel photocatalysis application.Â Effect of clay structure modification was also studied in order to investigate theÂ relationship between physicochemical characteristic change of material modifications and its catalytic/photo-catalytic activity. Some interesting phenomena related to the interaction of metal-clay support for their performance toward reaction kinetics and mechanism are reviewed, with emphasis on the evolution of surface properties and some factors affecting catalytic/photo-catalytic activity

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Isaeva, Vera I., Oleg M. Nefedov und Leonid M. Kustov. „Metal–Organic Frameworks-Based Catalysts for Biomass Processing“. Catalysts 8, Nr. 9 (31.08.2018): 368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal8090368.

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: Currently, metal–organic frame works (MOFs) as novel hybrid nanoporous materials are a top research interest, including endeavors in heterogeneous catalysis. MOF materials are promising heterogeneous catalytic systems due to their unique characteristics, such as a highly ordered structure, a record high surface area and a compositional diversity, which can be precisely tailored. Very recently, these metal-organic matrices have been proven as promising catalysts for biomass conversion into value-added products. The relevant publications show that the structure of MOFs can contribute essentially to the advanced catalytic performance in processes of biomass refining. This review aims at the consideration of the different ways for the rational design of MOF catalysts for biomass processing. The particular characteristics and peculiarities of the behavior of different MOF based catalytic systems including hybrid nanomaterials and composites will be also discussed by illustrating their outstanding performance with appropriate examples relevant to biomass catalytic processing.

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Hou, Zhiquan, Mengwei Hua, Yuxi Liu, Jiguang Deng, Xin Zhou, Ying Feng, Yifan Li und Hongxing Dai. „Exploring Intermetallic Compounds: Properties and Applications in Catalysis“. Catalysts 14, Nr. 8 (18.08.2024): 538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal14080538.

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Intermetallic compounds (IMCs) have attracted significant attention in recent years due to their unique properties and potential applications in various fields, particularly in catalysis. This review aims to provide an in-depth understanding of IMCs, including their synthesis methods, structural characteristics, and diverse catalytic applications. The review begins with an introduction to IMCs, highlighting their distinct features and advantages over traditional catalyst materials. It then delves into the synthesis techniques employed to prepare IMCs and explores their structural properties. Subsequently, catalytic applications of the IMCs are introduced, focusing on the key reactions and highlighting their superior catalytic performance compared to conventional catalysts. Future perspectives for, and challenges to, the catalysis of IMCs are then proposed.

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Xu, Beibei, Wei Zhong, Zhenhong Wei, Hailong Wang, Jian Liu, Li Wu, Yonggang Feng und Xiaoming Liu. „Iron(iii) complexes of multidentate pyridinyl ligands: synthesis, characterization and catalysis of the direct hydroxylation of benzene“. Dalton Trans. 43, Nr. 41 (2014): 15337–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4dt02032d.

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Correlation between the electrochemistry and catalytic performance of multidentate pyridinyl iron complexes in the hydroxylation of benzene suggests that more electron-donating ligands are beneficial for catalysis.

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Li, Mian, Wanling Liu und Jiahui Zou. „Single-Atom Catalysts: Synthesis, Performance and Applications“. Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 58 (12.07.2023): 272–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v58i.10103.

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In recent years, researchers have prepared and reported many advanced monatomic electrocatalysts with good activity, selectivity, and stability through defect anchoring, space confinement, and coordination design strategies. However, due to its superior catalytic performance and potential cost advantages, people should accelerate the industrial application research of monatomic catalysis, develop preparation technologies with large-scale application prospects and promote the wide application of monatomic catalysis in various fields. This review article is about the recent advancements of single-atom catalysts for electro-catalysis under the framework of material design, performance enhancement and diverse applications. Specifically, we first classify the state-of-the-art synthesis strategies of single-atom catalysts. Then, a brief outline of their electrocatalytic properties and applications is given. We eventually find that monatomic catalysts could help improve the efficiency of reactions in many aspects and reduce their cost.

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Liu, Xin, Changgong Meng und Yu Han. „Understanding the Enhanced Catalytic Performance of Ultrafine Transition Metal Nanoparticles–Graphene Composites“. Journal of Molecular and Engineering Materials 03, Nr. 01n02 (März 2015): 1540002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s225123731540002x.

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Catalysis, as the key to minimize the energy requirement and environmental impact of today's chemical industry, plays a vital role in many fields directly related to our daily life and economy, including energy generation, environment control, manufacture of chemicals, medicine synthesis, etc. Rational design and fabrication of highly efficient catalysts have become the ultimate goal of today's catalysis research. For the purpose of handling and product separation, heterogeneous catalysts are highly preferred for industrial applications and a large part of which are the composites of transition metal nanoparticles (TMNPs). With the fast development of nanoscience and nanotechnology and assisted with theoretical investigations, basic understanding on tailoring the electronic structure of these nanocomposites has been gained, mainly by precise control of the composition, morphology, interfacial structure and electronic states. With the rise of graphene, chemical routes to prepare graphene were developed and various graphene-based composites were fabricated. Transition metal nanoparticles-reduced graphene oxide (TMNPs–rGO) composites have attracted considerable attention, because of their intriguing catalytic performance which have been extensively explored for energy- and environment-related applications to date. This review summarizes our recent experimental and theoretical efforts on understanding the superior catalytic performance of subnanosized TMNPs–rGO composites.

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Alhokbany, Norah, Tansir Ahamad, Saad M. Alshehri und Jahangeer Ahmed. „Reduced Graphene Oxide Supported Zinc Tungstate Nanoparticles as Proficient Electro-Catalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reactions“. Catalysts 12, Nr. 5 (09.05.2022): 530. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12050530.

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The nanocomposites of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) supported zinc tungstate nanoparticles (ZnWO4-NPs) receive considerable attention in electro-catalytic hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) and reveal significantly higher electro-catalytic performances than pure ZnWO4-NPs in alkaline media (i.e., 0.5 M KOH electrolyte). The polarization studies show that the ZnWO4-NPs@rGO nanocomposites exhibit low energy loss and good electrode stability during electrochemical reactions for HER. Furthermore, the Tafel slope of ZnWO4-NPs@rGO nanocomposites is found to be approximately 149 mV/dec, which closely agrees with the reported Tafel values of the noble metal electrocatalyst. In contrast, the performance of the ZnWO4-NPs@rGO nanocomposite is found to be approximately 1.5 times higher than that of ZnWO4-NPs in hydrogen production efficiency. Our results emphasize the significance of the nanocomposites with enhanced electro-catalytic activities by lowering the energy loss during electro-catalysis in an alkaline medium.

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Wang, Longlu, Kun Wang und Weihao Zheng. „Moiré Superlattices of Two-Dimensional Materials toward Catalysis“. Catalysts 14, Nr. 8 (10.08.2024): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal14080519.

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In recent years, there has been a surge in twistronics research, uncovering diverse emergent properties in twisted two-dimensional (2D) layered materials. Vertically stacking these materials with slight azimuthal deviation or lattice mismatch creates moiré superlattices, optimizing the structure and energy band and leading to numerous quantum phenomena with applications in electronics, optoelectronics, photonics, and twistronics. Recently, the superior (opto)electronic properties of these moiré superlattices have shown potential in catalysis, providing a platform to manipulate catalytic activity by adjusting twist angles. Despite their potential to revolutionize 2D catalysts, their application in catalysis is limited to simple reactions, and the mechanisms behind their catalytic performance remain unclear. Therefore, a comprehensive perspective on recent studies is needed to understand their catalytic effects for future research.

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Layla Sihombing, Junifa, Herlinawati Herlinawati, Ahmad Nasir Pulungan, Agus Kembaren, Gimelliya Saragih, Harmileni Harmileni, Rahayu Rahayu und Ary Anggara Wibowo. „Unveiling ZrO2/natural zeolite catalytic performance on hydrocracking palm oil mill effluent residue“. Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia 15, Nr. 2 (30.08.2023): 100–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/jpkim.v15i2.43324.

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Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is the largest liquid waste from crude palm oil production. This liquid waste still contains a lot of chemical components, solid deposits, and oil which is dangerous if released directly into the environment. The residual oil and grease components contained in POME can be further extracted and converted into fuel fractions. This study investigates the conversion of residual oil from POME into fuel fractions through hydrocracking. A ZrO2/Sarulla natural zeolite (SNZ) catalyst was used, characterized by a particle size of 1-1.5 µm, a surface area of 73.3 m2/g, a pore volume of 0.161 cc/g, and a pore diameter of 3.35 nm. The effect of catalyst mass was studied, with the total conversion increasing to a certain extent with increasing catalyst mass, however, an increase in coke formation decreased the product yield. The highest gasoline fraction selectivity was obtained with a catalyst mass of 0.09 wt% (~42%), while the kerosene fraction was most obtained with a catalyst mass of 0.15 wt% (~40%). The liquid product with a catalyst mass of 0.15 wt% had the highest HHV of 44.2 MJ/kg, a 12% increase from the HHV of POME oil residue (39.4 MJ/kg). The results demonstrate the potential of using residual oil from POME as a source for fuel production and the use of natural zeolite-based catalysts as hydrocracking catalysts.

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Dai, Rui Qi, Ya Zhong Chen, Fang Jin und Peng Cui. „Hydrogen Production from Ethanol Steam Reforming over Co-Ni/CeO₂ Catalysts Prepared by Coprecipitation“. Advanced Materials Research 724-725 (August 2013): 729–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.724-725.729.

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Co/CeO2 catalysts showed good catalytic performances in terms of activity, selectivity and stability for intermediate temperature ethanol steam reforming, while low temperature activity should be improved. Thus, effect of nickel incorporation into Co/CeO2 catalysts for ethanol steam reforming was investigated on the consideration of high activity for CC bond cleavage at low temperature of nickel, while cobalt may improve yield of hydrogen due to the depression of CH4 formation. A series of Co-Ni/CeO2 catalysts were prepared by coprecipitation, characterized by low temperature N2 adsorption, X-ray diffraction, temperature programmed reduction, and catalytic performance measurement for ethanol steam reforming. The results indicated that 10.0% nickel incorporation into Co/CeO2 resulted in much better catalytic performances, complete conversion of ethanol into C1 species and hydrogen yield about 60.0% at 350°C were obtained. Further increase of nickel content decreased catalytic performance. The high performance of the Co10-Ni10/CeO2 was attributed to enhancement of surface Ce4+ reduction and fine particles of metal.

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Rong, Xing, Qing Cao, Yan Gao, Tao Luan, Yanteng Li, Quanyou Man, Zhanchao Zhang und Baoming Chen. „Synergistic Catalytic Performance of Toluene Degradation Based on Non-Thermal Plasma and Mn/Ce-Based Bimetal-Organic Frameworks“. Molecules 27, Nr. 21 (29.10.2022): 7363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217363.

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A series of Mn/Ce-based bimetal-organic frameworks, recorded as MCDx (x = 1, 2, 4, 6), were prepared by a solvothermal synthesis method to explore their effects and performance in the synergistic catalysis of toluene under the irradiation of non-thermal plasma. The catalytic properties of different manganese loadings in MCDx for degradation of toluene were investigated. The microphysical structures of the material were analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results showed that a MCDx coupling with non-thermal plasma can greatly improve the degradation efficiency, the energy efficiency and the CO2 selectivity, and could also significantly reduce the generation of O3 in the by-products. Among the test samples, MCD6 with Mn:Ce = 6:1 (molar ratio) showed the best catalytic performance and stability, exhibited toluene catalytic efficiency 95.2%, CO2 selectivity 84.2% and energy efficiency 5.99 g/kWh, and reduced O3 emission concentration 81.6%. This research provides a reference for the development and application of synergistic catalysis based on bimetal-organic frameworks and non-thermal plasma in the reduction of industrial volatile organic compounds.

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Aftab, Alina, Katerina Chagoya, Alan Felix, Richard Blair und Nina Orlovskaya. „Catalytic performance of porous Yb2O3 sesquioxide“. Advances in Applied Ceramics 120, Nr. 3 (03.04.2021): 175–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17436753.2021.1919359.

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Samuel, S., D. Morrey, M. Fowkes, D. H. C. Taylor, C. P. Garner und L. Austin. „Real-world performance of catalytic converters“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 219, Nr. 7 (01.07.2005): 881–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440705x28349.

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This paper investigates experimentally the performance of a three-way catalytic (TWC) converter for real-world passenger car driving in the United Kingdom. A systematic approach is followed for the analysis using a Euro-IV vehicle coupled with a TWC converter. The analysis shows that the real-world performance of TWC converters is significantly different from the performance established on legislative test cycles. It is identified that a light-duty passenger vehicle certified for Euro-IV emissions reaches the gross polluting threshold limits during real-world driving conditions. This result is shown to have implications for overall emission levels and the use of remote emissions sensing and on-board diagnostics (OBD) systems.

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YAMAMOTO, Makoto, Kazunori TAKEUCHI, Tomio SUGIMOTO, Taiichi OKUMURA und Mazumi ITAYA. „225 Performance of catalytic filter bag“. Proceedings of the Symposium on Environmental Engineering 2005.15 (2005): 198–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeenv.2005.15.198.

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THOMAS, J. „Controlling the catalytic performance of solids“. Solid State Ionics 32-33 (Februar 1989): 869–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2738(89)90369-x.

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Matros, Yu Sh. „Unsteady performance of heterogeneous catalytic reactions“. Reaction Kinetics and Catalysis Letters 35, Nr. 1-2 (März 1987): 425–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02062177.

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Knauss, Steven, Laura Guevara und Mark Atwater. „Enhanced Performance of Bimetallic Co-Pd Catalysts Prepared by Mechanical Alloying“. Metals 9, Nr. 3 (16.03.2019): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9030335.

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Bimetallic catalysts can provide enhanced performance, and Co-based catalysts in particular have been studied in various respects for their activity in the deposition of carbon nanofibers (CNFs). The majority of studies on CNF catalysis use co-precipitation to create alloys, but recent work has demonstrated the suitability of mechanical alloying (MA) by ball milling to reduce cost and increase catalytic activity. This work establishes the unique ability of MA to control the microstructure to produce bimetallic composites, which retain distinct metallic phases that improve catalytic activity. It is demonstrated that Co-Pd alloys reach a maximum in catalytic activity at an intermediate time of mechanical activation, where 30 min of milling outperformed samples milled for 5, 15, 60, and 240 min at a reaction temperature of 550 °C and a 1:4 C2H4:H2 reactant ratio. This indicates there is benefit to retaining the metals in distinct phases in close proximity. Ball milling provides a relatively simple and scalable method to achieve these unique microstructures, and in the optimal condition tested here, the activity toward carbon deposition is increased fourfold over prior work. Furthermore, the minimum temperature for deposition is also reduced. The characteristics of these materials, the effects of milling and annealing, and the underlying mechanisms of deposition are discussed.

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He, Ming-Yuan. „The development of catalytic cracking catalysts: acidic property related catalytic performance“. Catalysis Today 73, Nr. 1-2 (April 2002): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-5861(01)00517-x.

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Gao, Yan, Wenchao Jiang, Tao Luan, Hui Li, Wenke Zhang, Wenchen Feng und Haolin Jiang. „High-Efficiency Catalytic Conversion of NOx by the Synergy of Nanocatalyst and Plasma: Effect of Mn-Based Bimetallic Active Species“. Catalysts 9, Nr. 1 (18.01.2019): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9010103.

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Three typical Mn-based bimetallic nanocatalysts of Mn−Fe/TiO2, Mn−Co/TiO2, Mn−Ce/TiO2 were synthesized via the hydrothermal method to reveal the synergistic effects of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma and bimetallic nanocatalysts on NOx catalytic conversion. The plasma-catalyst hybrid catalysis was investigated compared with the catalytic effects of plasma alone and nanocatalyst alone. During the catalytic process of catalyst alone, the catalytic activities of all tested catalysts were lower than 20% at ambient temperature. While in the plasma-catalyst hybrid catalytic process, NOx conversion significantly improved with discharge energy enlarging. The maximum NOx conversion of about 99.5% achieved over Mn−Ce/TiO2 under discharge energy of 15 W·h/m3 at ambient temperature. The reaction temperature had an inhibiting effect on plasma-catalyst hybrid catalysis. Among these three Mn-based bimetallic nanocatalysts, Mn−Ce/TiO2 displayed the optimal catalytic property with higher catalytic activity and superior selectivity in the plasma-catalyst hybrid catalytic process. Furthermore, the physicochemical properties of these three typical Mn-based bimetallic nanocatalysts were analyzed by N2 adsorption, Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), H2-temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), NH3-temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The multiple characterizations demonstrated that the plasma-catalyst hybrid catalytic performance was highly dependent on the phase compositions. Mn−Ce/TiO2 nanocatalyst presented the optimal structure characteristic among all tested samples, with the largest surface area, the minished particle sizes, the reduced crystallinity, and the increased active components distributions. In the meantime, the ratios of Mn4+/(Mn2+ + Mn3+ + Mn4+) in the Mn−Ce/TiO2 sample was the highest, which was beneficial to plasma-catalyst hybrid catalysis. Generally, it was verified that the plasma-catalyst hybrid catalytic process with the Mn-based bimetallic nanocatalysts was an effective approach for high-efficiency catalytic conversion of NOx, especially at ambient temperature.

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Luo, Qun-xing, Min Ji, Sang-Eon Park, Ce Hao und Yan-qin Li. „PdCl2 immobilized on metal–organic framework CuBTC with the aid of ionic liquids: enhanced catalytic performance in selective oxidation of cyclohexene“. RSC Advances 6, Nr. 39 (2016): 33048–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra02077a.

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Lee, Jeyeong, Seonghyeon Park, Dongwon Kim, Young-A. Lee und Ok-Sang Jung. „Hexafluorosilicate anion in the formation of a coordination cage: anion competition“. Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers 7, Nr. 7 (2020): 1546–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9qi01581g.

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The construction of a coordination cage in a system of dual anions including hexafluorosilicate was investigated. Significant catalytic effects on catechol oxidation catalysis performance ranks among the most efficient yet recorded.

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Chen, Qiang, Mingming Mao, Min Gao, Yongqi Liu, Junrui Shi und Jia Li. „Design and Performance Investigation of a Compact Catalytic Reactor Integrated with Heat Recuperator“. Energies 15, Nr. 2 (09.01.2022): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15020447.

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The catalytic combustion has the advantage of lower auto-ignition temperature and helps to expand the combustible limit of lean premixed gas. However, the intake needs to be preheated to certain temperature commonly through an independent heat exchanger. Similar to the principles of non-catalytic RTO combustion, this paper presents a similar approach whereby the combustion chamber is replaced by a catalytic combustion bed. A new catalytic reactor integrated with a heat recuperator is designed to enhance the heat recirculation effect. Using a two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model, the performance of the reactor is studied. The reaction performances of the traditional and compact reactors are compared and analyzed. Under the same conditions, the compact reactor has better reaction performance and heat recirculation effect, which can effectively decrease the ignition temperature of feed gas. The influences of the inlet velocity, the inlet temperature, the methane concentration, and the thermal conductivity of porous media on the reaction performance of integrated catalytic reactor are studied. The results show that the inlet velocity, inlet temperature, methane concentration, and thermal conductivity of porous media materials have important effects on the reactor performance and heat recirculation effect, and the thermal conductivity of porous media materials has the most obvious influence. Moreover, the reaction performance of multiunit integrated catalytic reactor is studied. The results show that the regenerative effect of multiunit integrated catalytic reactor is further enhanced. This paper is of great significance to the recycling of low calorific value gas energy and relieving energy stress in the future.

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Xu, Lian‐Hua, Weiping Liu und Kai Liu. „Single Atom Environmental Catalysis: Influence of Supports and Coordination Environments“. Advanced Functional Materials, 27.08.2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202304468.

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AbstractSingle‐atom catalysts (SACs) are desirable in environmental catalysis due to environmental friendliness, structural stability, and maximum utilization of active metal sites. Extensive research has compared the catalytic performance between SACs with different single‐atom metals. However, their catalytic performance is also highly dependent on the supports, which play an important role in modulating the local coordination environment of SACs. Unfortunately, a comprehensive review that systematically discusses the relationship between supports and the coordination environment, as well as their combined effects on environmental catalysis is scare. In this review, three widely investigated environmental applications including advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), mainly Fenton and Fenton‐like reactions, and nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) are focused. By correlating characterization results, catalytic performances, and computational results, the combined effects of supports and coordination environments on the catalytic reactivity of SACs are examined in detail, from which the origin of the catalytic pathways of AOPs as well as NO3RR is attempted to reveal. Finally a look forward for potential opportunities and challenges of SACs for on‐demand environmental applications, is provided.

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Printz, Gaël, Dmytro Ryzhakov, Béatrice Jacques, Samir Messouadi, Francoise Dumas, Franck Le Bideau, Samuel Dagorne und Christophe Gourlaouen. „First Use of Thiosquaramides as Polymerization Catalysts: Controlled ROP of Lactide Implicating Key Secondary Interactions for Optimal Performance“. ChemCatChem, 06.10.2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cctc.202301207.

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We herein report the first use of thiosquaramides as polymerization catalysts, which are shown to be effective for the controlled ROP of lactide in the presence of an alcohol source and NEt3. Comparison of their catalytic performances with the less acidic squaramides are also discussed. The observed catalytic activity of variously N‐substituted thiosquaramides suggest that a balanced NH Brønsted acidity is required for optimal performance. Most interestingly and rather unexpectedly, DFT‐supported calculations on thiosquaramide‐mediated lactide ROP catalysis suggest that secondary interactions between the thiosquaramide N‐substituents and the incoming lactide (presently of type C‐H…p‐arene) are crucial for catalytic activity. Though this type of interactions is quite common in organo‐catalysis, it has rarely been evidenced to play a key role in the area of organo‐catalyzed polymerizations. Such catalyst substituents/substrate interactions may well play a significant role in the catalytic performances of various other systems.

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