Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Cashiers (Retail trade)“

The article examines the ways to increase the efficiency of the retail network by involving consumers in making purchases in retail stores and a high level of their loyalty as a determining factor in the growth of turnover in the conditions of martial law. Methods of assessing the quality of service in trade enterprises have been established depending on the specifics of their activity and the degree of adaptation to changes in the external environment for the purposes of attracting and maintaining consumer loyalty. General trends in the development of modern retail, features of the sales funnel are considered. The most influential factors on the organization of business entities in the field of trade are identified, in particular: digitization of trade and technological processes and customer retention thanks to artificial intelligence; expansion of the virtual trading space and automation of internal processes; personalization of customer service. The identification of modern trends in the development of trade determines the needs of consumers, their behavior, and the choice of a sales system at a particular enterprise. It has been established that the use of generally accepted approaches to the formation of the sales funnel in the practice of trade enterprises allows to increase the volume of sales of goods and the level of profitability of the activity. According to this approach, the tasks of the staff are determined in relation to interaction with customers, focusing on their motivation to make a purchase. A study of the degree of consumer satisfaction was carried out and the level of service was determined for the purposes of further choosing the model of motivation of sales staff in the chain of stores «Yves Rocher» using the Mystery Shopping method. To calculate the level of service, a questionnaire developed by Yves Rocher was used, consisting of the following blocks: general impressions; subjective impressions; evaluation of sales processes; working with objections; assessment of the work of cashiers and external factors. The point system and evaluation method were defined. Based on the Harrington scale, a modified mystery shopper evaluation matrix was developed. The characteristics of each evaluation are highlighted to clarify the degree of performance of functional duties by personnel and to identify key areas of improvement. The level of service was established for seventeen stores of the Yves Rocher chain, with information on the subjective impression of a mystery shopper from a visit to the stores, which was evaluated on a ten-point scale. Based on the results of the Mistery Shopping evaluation, it was found that 6 stores have an excellent level of service, 4 are good, 2 are satisfactory, and 5 are acceptable. The conducted studies are of a universal nature, and the involved approaches can be used by retail enterprises to identify reserves for improving the level of service quality.

An important but overlooked cost of payments in retailing is the cost on checkout cashiers. This paper examines the compensating wage differential that cashiers require to handle payments in cash. First, a multicountry panel data study shows that cashier wages increase with retail cash usage, which is consistent with cashiers requiring compensation to handle cash. Second, in a discrete choice experiment where supermarket cashiers chose between collecting card and cash payments, eight of 10 cashiers preferred card to cash. Among those who preferred card, the median cashier required a wage premium of S$37.50 (US$27) a month to handle cash. The premium was lower among cashiers who are local, less risk averse, and younger. Third, in a laboratory study, subjects traded off earnings against stress. With higher frequency of cash payments, high earners experienced greater physiological stress than low earners. Earnings also increased with abilities in arithmetic and coping with stress. Collectively, these studies show that cashiers require higher wages to handle cash payments, in part due to higher stress. We offer policy, managerial, and research implications for job design, payment systems, and workplace stress.

The relevance of practical issues of managing the company's operational activities, taking into account its impact on competitiveness, has been proven. The conditions of martial law in Ukraine are characterized by the decline of production at most industrial enterprises, the curtailment of scientific research, the loss of positive trends and the dynamics of the innovative activities development, the low competitiveness of products and the pace of economic development. The purpose of the study is to determine the features of operational management in modern conditions and to identify the nature of its influence on the formation of the company's competitiveness. For enterprises, efficiency is always related to meeting the needs of consumers and obtaining the maximum possible profit with acceptable risks. The nature of the influence of strategic and tactical operational management on the competitiveness of the enterprise is revealed. In practice, the life cycle of a competitive advantage, which is its indisputable specific difference, must be taken into account for a specific business entity. Such an approach is expedient, as it is able to ensure an early response to the dynamics of external and internal environmental factors. While characterizing the specifics of the enterprise's competitiveness, attention is focused on the following mandatory conditions for its evaluation of the enterprise: the presence of competitive products and ensuring effective operations. Based on the results of the analysis, it was concluded that in order to respond flexibly to changes and action plan within the framework of operational strategies, business analysis should be carried out in the following areas: value chain, business process map, product life cycle and business process cost. As practice shows, the operational activity of enterprises is characterized by a complex set of relations with various stakeholders. Representatives of the retail business in Ukraine and abroad, responding to requests for increased security and convenience, offer consumers various options for searching and paying for purchases: "Click and collect", "Without cashiers", "Scan and collect", "Smart carts", technological and biometric contactless payment systems, etc. The technology of logistics organization is also crucial for trade enterprises. Keywords: operational management, competitiveness management, operational strategy, competitive advantage, business process, costs.

The modern retail business is currently growing rapidly along with the times. Economic progress has also contributed to the development of the modern market and retail business in Indonesia. The modern retail business has now expanded to various cities in Indonesia. Even modern shops with minimarket franchises have spread to a number of cities and districts. Modern retail business in the form of hypermart, Indomaret, Alfamart, department store and wholesaler. While shopping centers can be in the form of malls and trade centers. The focus of this research is how are modern retail business practices and how is consumer protection in modern retail businesses?. The data in this study were collected using the methods of observation, interviews and documentation. This type of research is an empirical juridical research using a socio legal approach. The results in this study are first, modern retail business which is a development of traditional retail. In practice, the business applies modern concepts by utilizing technology and accommodates lifestyle developments at the community and consumer level. However, there are still frequent price mistakes made by business actors to consumers. This starts from the unsynchronized price listed on the displayed product with the price stored in the computerized system (product data input on the computer application) at the cashier. Second, business actors need to make efforts to synchronize prices so that price errors do not occur, as well as pay attention to the total purchases that are calculated automatically by the computerized system (product data input on computer applications) and the money that consumers give. Buyers as consumers get protection under the Consumer Protection Act and khiyar aibi in Islamic law. Increasing the accuracy and accuracy of modern retail business actors must always be done, and consumers are required to be smarter in this contemporary muamalah era, by understanding a good transaction method to avoid unwanted things.

Shopping in terms of shopping is an activity of the community that purchases a need either in the market or in the market. According to the Director-General of Domestic Trade, Suhanto, the growth of consumption of retail goods or referred to as FMCG (Fast Moving Customer Goods) from April 2018 to April 2019 in Indonesia grew positively by 1.8% compared to the previous year with details for the minimarket format growing by 12,1%. With the increasing number of buyers in supermarkets, there will be queues at the cashier when scanning goods during payment. In addition, buyers often have difficulty in knowing product descriptions and total spending, so they cannot estimate total spending with the money owned by buyers, as happened at Surya Janti Supermarket, Slahung District. Ponorogo Regency. From this research, the Smart Trolley for Surya Janti Supermarkets, Slahung District Based on ATMega 328p solves problems in supermarkets. This smart trolley is equipped with a barcode scanner as data input, an LCD that will display a description of the goods and the total shopping, and an ATMega328p Microcontroller as the main control of the trolley. This trolley is also equipped with a door that will open by pressing the keypad to minimize fraud during the scanning process and is integrated with a telegram as storage for transaction data that will be checked again by the cashier.

Abstract Background Many blue-collar workers in the trade and retail industries have jobs that make it hard to avoid contacts with other people, which may have increased their risk for sickness absence (SA) during the Covid-19 pandemic. The aim was to investigate rates of SA and sociodemographic and occupational differences in risk of SA during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods A prospective cohort study of all blue-collar workers in Sweden in the trade and retail industry aged 18-67 in 2018 (n = 299 484), followed 5 years (2016-2020) using linked microdata from nationwide registers. Descriptive statistics of rate of workers having had at least one SA-spell >14 days were calculated, and logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of having SA due to Covid-19 or related diagnoses (some infectious, respiratory, and symptom-based diagnoses). Results Their SA rates increased from fluctuating between 7.6%-8.2% in 2016-2019 to 10.0% in 2020. 0.05% had SA due to Covid-19 and 2.2% had SA due to Covid-19 or related diagnoses. Factors associated with having SA due to Covid-19 or related diagnoses were older age (OR age 55-64: 3.41, CI 3.04-3.82 compared to 18-25) and only elementary education (OR 1.50, CI 1.37-1.64 compared to university/college). Warehouse and terminal staff (reference category) was the occupational group with the highest risk of SA/DP due to Covid-19 or related diagnoses. Cashiers had the second highest risk, with CIs that overlapped 1 (OR 0.91, CI 0.77-1.06). All other occupational groups had significantly lower ORs (0.48-0.78). Conclusions The SA rates increased slightly during the Covid-19 pandemic. Within the trade and retail industry, the warehouse and terminal staff was the occupational group with the highest risk of SA due to Covid-19 or related diagnoses. Key messages • The rates of SA among blue-collar workers in the trade and retail industry increased slightly during the first year of the Covid-19 pandemic. • Warehouse and terminal staff and cashiers were the occupational groups with the highest risk of SA due to Covid-19 or related diagnoses among blue-collar workers in the trade and retail industry.

The business of payments and the provision of payment instruments have a rich history, which can be drawn upon in a discussion of standardization. In the middle-ages, for example, the mere existence of a wide variety of foreign and local coins led to a flourishing business of money exchange offices and cashiers in the Netherlands. Malpractices of some of these firms, mostly in the form of physical tampering with coins and alloy, resulted in government regulation on a municipal and province level. Yet, as these type of regulations where hard to enforce, the Amsterdam municipal government decided in 1609 to establish a municipal exchange bank, ‘de Amsterdamse Wisselbank’, originally as a government monopolist. The motivation for doing so was to prevent the regular price-increases of the good coins, to eliminate confusion to the public and to facilitate trade by providing good coins. Later on, in 1621, the regulations were adapted to the actual business practice and private cashiers were allowed – under certain conditions – to conduct business in the city of Amsterdam (van den Berge, 1939, p 34). The example shows us how a diversity of specifications and a diversity of payment instruments, will lead to the development of separate companies which make money by reducing the confusion for their consumers. It illustrates that the abuse of technological know-how and abilities for the sake of increased economic benefits by a few private companies may lead to government intervention for the sake of public interest. Furthermore it indicates that strong market powers may prevail, even in the case of restricted government regulation. As such the example contains all relevant issues with respect to IT-standardization: • can it be assumed that the market will standardize if necessary? • what role should governments play in this process? • does the end-user play a role in this process? In this chapter, I will examine the above standardization issues with respect to the retail payment instruments, developed and in use since the beginning of this century. In this time frame bank notes and coin have been widely available to the public as a basic (and standardized) payment instrument. I will however not include these instruments in this study and limit myself to a study of the standardization of noncash payment instruments that have been available to the consumer. These payment instruments can be seen as the technical means with which consumers effect money transfers to each other. Examples of payment instruments are the forms for credit transfers or in-payments, the debit- or credit cards or home-banking software. It is my opinion that, given the availability of cash an alternative payment instrument, the standardization processes of noncash payment instruments can be seen as the ‘pure’ result of market forces. The study of this process, applied to different types of instruments within one application and industry domain, will hopefully provide additional insight.