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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Cardiae diseases"
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Subramaniyan, Mahadevan, Vijayakumar Subramaniyan, and Arulmozhi Praveenkumar. "Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activities of Atalantia monophylla (L) Correa and Atalantia racemosa Wight and Arn." Current Bioactive Compounds 15, no. 4 (2019): 427–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573407214666180521105026.
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Background: Infectious diseases are major leading cause of death in all parts of the world, because of the appearance of new multi drug resistant microbes. Therefore, the discovery of potential drug for effective treatment will help the slaughter of the microbes. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the presence of photochemical and antimicrobial activities of various crude extracts of leaves, fruits and root bark of Atalantia monophylla and Atalantia racemosa against human pathogens by using well diffusion method. Methods: Antimicrobial properties of the various extracts of Atalantia monophylla and Atalantia racemosa were studied against some human pathogenic microbes such as Gram-positive Bacteria, (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus) Gram-negative Bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli) and human opportunistic fungal pathogens (Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger). All the extracts were comparable with standard drugs (Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin, Nystatin. and Amphotericin B). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal /fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC) values were determined through a microdilution method. The phytochemical analysis of these plant extracts were carried out using standard mthods. Results: Methanolic leaf extract of A. monophylla has showed excellent antimicrobial activity against S. aureus (40mm). As well, the A. racemosa methanolic leaf extract shows notable inhibitory activity against S. aureus (38mm). At the same time, the least inhibition was observed in aqueous extract of A. monophylla against E.coli (9mm). The MIC ranged from 0.78 µg/mL to 50 µg/mL and MBC/MFC 1.56 to 50 µg/mL were recorded. Phytochemical analysis of alkaloids, steroids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, phenolics and cardiae glycoside were recorded in various extracts of A. monophylla and A. racemosa respectively. Flavonoids, phenolics and cardiac glycoside were present only in methonalic leaf extract of A. monophylla. Conclusion: The result of this study concluded that methanolic leaf extract has possessed novel compounds with significant antimicrobial properties. Hence, we recommend this plant for further studies on the isolation and characterization of that lead antimicrobial potential molecule.
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Navarro-Lopez, Francisco. "Cardiac Diseases." Clinical Science 90, no. 3 (1996): 156–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0900156.
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Sharma, Richa, and Shailendra Narayan Singh. "An Efficient Hybrid Classifier for Prognosing Cardiac Disease." Webology 19, no. 1 (2022): 5028–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/web/v19i1/web19338.
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Machine learning (ML) is a powerful tool which empowers the practitioners for predictions upon any existing or real- time data. Here, the Machine first understands the valuable patterns from the dataset and then uses that information to make predictions on the unknown data. Further, classification is the commonly used machine learning approach (ML-Approach) to make such predictions. The objective of this work aims to design and development of an ensemble classifier for prognosing cardiovascular disease (heart disease). The developed classifier integrates Support Vector Machine (SVM), K–Nearest Neighbor (K-NN), and Weighted K-NN. The applicability of ensemble classifier is evaluated on the Cleveland Heart disease dataset. Some other classifiers such as Logistic Regression (LR), Sequential Minimal Optimization (SMO), K-NN+Weighted K-NN are also implemented on the same dataset to make the performance analysis. The results of this study depict the significant improvement in the Sensitivity and Specificity parameter.
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Cocco, Giuseppe. "Geriatric Cardiac Diseases." OBM Geriatrics 4, no. 2 (2020): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.21926/obm.geriatr.2002112.
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Ekpe EE and Anyanwu CH. "Accuracy of trans-thoracic echocardiography as a pericardial diseases diagnostic tool." Ibom Medical Journal 1, no. 1 (2006): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.61386/imj.v1i1.1.
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SummaryA prospective comparison of pre-operative trans-thoracic echocardiographic findings with intra-operative findings of 17 patients operated on for pericardial diseases showed excellent correlation for pericardial calcification and adhesion, and for myo-cardial atrophy, and good correlation for pericardial thickening, constriction and effusion respectively. This excellent correlation identified high-risk cases that should have heart-lung machine kept on the stand-by during operation of peri-cardiectomy in event of iatrogenic cardiac chamber laceration.
 KeywordsPre-operative transthoracic echocardiography, pericarditis, correlation.
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Sen, Sujoita, Logan Hallee, and Chi Keung Lam. "The Potential of Gamma Secretase as a Therapeutic Target for Cardiac Diseases." Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 12 (2021): 1294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11121294.
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Heart diseases are some of the most common and pressing threats to human health worldwide. The American Heart Association and the National Institute of Health jointly work to annually update data on cardiac diseases. In 2018, 126.9 million Americans were reported as having some form of cardiac disorder, with an estimated direct and indirect total cost of USD 363.4 billion. This necessitates developing therapeutic interventions for heart diseases to improve human life expectancy and economic relief. In this review, we look into gamma-secretase as a potential therapeutic target for cardiac diseases. Gamma-secretase, an aspartyl protease enzyme, is responsible for the cleavage and activation of a number of substrates that are relevant to normal cardiac development and function as found in mutation studies. Some of these substrates are involved in downstream signaling processes and crosstalk with pathways relevant to heart diseases. Most of the substrates and signaling events we explored were found to be potentially beneficial to maintain cardiac function in diseased conditions. This review presents an updated overview of the current knowledge on gamma-secretase processing of cardiac-relevant substrates and seeks to understand if the modulation of gamma-secretase activity would be beneficial to combat cardiac diseases.
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Salgiya, Dr Nirali. "Correlation of Serum Cardiac Troponin-T with Chronic Kidney Disease." Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research 05, no. 06 (2017): 24178–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i6.222.
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C, Devadawson. "Fish Consumption and Cardio Vascular Diseases in Sri Lanka." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 13, no. 3 (2024): 1838–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr24327151256.
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Romakina, V. V., I. V. Zhirov, S. N. Nasonova, et al. "MicroRNAs as Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Diseases." Kardiologiia 17, no. 1 (2018): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18087/cardio.2018.1.10083.
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Colpaert, Robin M. W., and Martina Calore. "MicroRNAs in Cardiac Diseases." Cells 8, no. 7 (2019): 737. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8070737.
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Since their discovery 20 years ago, microRNAs have been related to posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression in major cardiac physiological and pathological processes. We know now that cardiac muscle phenotypes are tightly regulated by multiple noncoding RNA species to maintain cardiac homeostasis. Upon stress or various pathological conditions, this class of non-coding RNAs has been found to modulate different cardiac pathological conditions, such as contractility, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, hypertrophy, and inherited cardiomyopathies. This review summarizes and updates microRNAs playing a role in the different processes underlying the pathogenic phenotypes of cardiac muscle and highlights their potential role as disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Cardiae diseases"
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Manna, Nayan Ranjan. "Development of an automated system for diagnoses of cardiae diseases." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1037.
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Dumas, Florence. "Analyse de l’influence des interventions thérapeutiques précoces au sein d’une cohorte de patients survivants d’arrêt cardio-respiratoire." Thesis, Paris 5, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA05S006/document.
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Position du problème. L’arrêt cardiaque extra-hospitalier (ACEH), dont la forme clinique la plus caricaturale correspond à la « mort subite », représenterait la première cause de mortalité à travers le monde. Malgré les améliorations apportées à leur prise en charge, le pronostic de ces patients demeure très péjoratif, y compris chez ceux qui ont bénéficié d’une réanimation initiale avec succès. En effet, la longue période d’ischémie suivie du phénomène de reperfusion secondaire au retour d’une activité circulatoire (RACS) est à l’origine d’une cascade de phénomènes physiopathologiques qui caractérisent le syndrome post-arrêt cardiaque. Plusieurs éléments thérapeutiques, telles que la reperfusion coronaire précoce et l’hypothermie thérapeutique, se sont développés ces dernières années afin de diminuer la morbi-mortalité importante observée dans cette situation. L’intérêt de ces interventions précoces sur le pronostic ultérieur demeure cependant débattu, car il a souvent été établi sur des sous-groupes de patients très sélectionnés. Objectif. L’objectif de ce travail était d’évaluer l’influence de ces interventions thérapeutiques précoces sur le devenir des patients victimes d’ACEH et admis vivants en service de réanimation. Méthode. Depuis 2000, une cohorte de patients survivants d’ACR et admis vivants en réanimation a été constituée dans un centre spécialisé. L’ensemble des caractéristiques démographiques, pré-hospitalières et hospitalières ont été analysées. L’analyse multivariée des facteurs pronostiques dans cette cohorte a utilisé principalement les méthodes de régression logistique. Résultats principaux. Entre 2003 et 2008, 435 patients ont été admis, ne présentaient pas d’étiologie extra-cardiaque évidente et ont bénéficié d’une coronarographie immédiate et systématique. Une lésion coronaire récente a été observée chez près de la moitié d’entre eux. Les moyens de détection d’une étiologie cardiaque sont extrêmement limités que ce soit par des modèles prédictifs simples utilisant des paramètres démographiques ou circonstancielles ou par des paramètres para-cliniques tels que l’électrocardiogramme ou les enzymes cardiaques. En effet, ces derniers possèdent des valeurs prédictives médiocres et ne peuvent être considérés comme outil de triage de ces patients. En revanche, la coronarographie immédiate et systématique (suivie d’une reperfusion coronaire si nécessaire) était associée de manière significative et indépendante à la survie hospitalière (OR ajusté= 2.06 (1.16-3.66)) et ceci quelque soit l’aspect électrocardiographique. Entre 2000 et 2009, 1145 patients ont été admis et 2/3 d’entre eux ont été traités par hypothermie thérapeutique. Parmi eux, 708/1145 (62%) avait initialement un rythme cardiaque choquable et 437/1145 (38%) présentait un rythme non choquable. Après ajustement sur les autres facteurs pronostiques, l’hypothermie thérapeutique avait un rôle protecteur sur le pronostic neurologique des patients à la sortie de réanimation dans le groupe présentant initialement un rythme choquable (OR ajusté= 1.90 (1.18-3.06)). En revanche, l’association entre le pronostic et l’intervention dans le groupe « non-choquable » n’était pas significative (OR ajusté=0.71 (0.37-1.36)). Parmi les facteurs susceptibles d’altérer le bénéfice lié à ce traitement, les complications infectieuses chez les patients traités par hypothermie thérapeutique s’avèrent courantes La plus fréquente est la pneumopathie précoce, dont l’apparition est associée de manière significative au traitement par hypothermie (OR ajusté= 1.90 (1.28-2.80)), mais son rôle sur le pronostic n’est pas démontré<br>Background: Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA), usually clinically described as “sudden death”, is the leading worldwide cause of death. Despite recent improvements in management of OHCA, the prognosis of these patients remains very poor, even in those who benefitted from a successful initial resuscitation. During the period of ischemia following the Return of Spontaneous Circulation (ROSC), several pathophysiological phenomenons occur, characterizing the post cardiac arrest syndrome. Furthermore, different treatments, such as immediate coronary reperfusion or therapeutic hypothermia, are now implemented for the management of this syndrome in order to decrease the morbidities and the mortality involved during this period. However, the influence of these hospital interventions on prognosis is still debatable, since they have been assessed in very selected subgroups of patients.Objectives: The aim of our work was to assess the influence of these early interventions on the outcome of OHCA patients admitted alive in intensive care unit (ICU).Method: We set up an investigation cohort (starting in 2000) of OHCA patients, in whom a successful ROSC had been obtained and who were admitted alive in ICU. We gathered all demographic data, cardiac arrest circumstances, pre-hospital and hospital characteristics. We analyzed the different predictive factors of outcome using multivariate analysis, especially logistical regression.Results: Between 2003 and 2008, 435 patients without obvious extra-cardiac cause were included and benefited from an immediate and systematical coronary angiogram. We observed a recent lesion in nearly half of them. Detecting a cardiac etiology is very challenging even using simple predictive models including patient’s baseline characteristics and circumstances of the cardiac arrest. Moreover, other parameters, such as EKG patterns or cardiac biomarkers, did not seem helpful either. Indeed, these parameters had poor predictive values and consequently could not be considered as triage tools for these patients. Nevertheless, the immediate and systematical coronary angiogram, with percutaneous intervention if appropriate, was independently associated with an improvement of hospital survival (adjusted OR= 2.06 (1.16-3.66)), regardless of the EKG pattern.Between 2000 and 2009, 1145 patients were admitted and two third of them were treated with therapeutic hypothermia. Among them, 708/1145 (62%) had an initial shockable rhythm and 437/1145 (38%) presented a non shockable rhythm. On the one hand, after adjustment with other predictive factors, the therapeutic hypothermia significantly improved the good neurological outcome at ICU discharge (adjusted OR= 1.90 (1.18-3.06)). On the other hand, the influence of this intervention was not associated with prognosis on the “non-shockable” sub-group (adjusted OR=0.71 (0.37-1.36)). Among the undercurrent factors, which could minimize the benefit of this intervention, infectious complications in treated patients were common. The most frequent complication was early onset pneumonia, whose occurrence was significantly associated with hypothermia (adjusted OR= 1.90 (1.28-2.80)), even if its role on prognosis was not determined.Conclusions: Our findings support the international guidelines regarding the management of post-cardiac arrest, identifying the subgroups of patients who may benefit the most. These results encourage further prospective studies and randomized trials and bring helpful information in that way. Finally, ancillary analysis on an investigation cohort of hospital survivors suggests that protective
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Hadian, Mojtaba. "Study of collagen structure in canine myxomatous mitral valve disease." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4383.
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Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is the single most common acquired cardiac disease of dogs, and is a disease of significant veterinary importance. It also bears close similarities to mitral valve prolapse in humans and therefore is a disease of emerging comparative interest. Realising the importance of collagen fibres in mitral heart valves and considering the paramount significance of myxomatous mitral valve disease, a better understanding of the pathogenesis of MMVD is essential. Thus, this study was designed to investigate the changes in collagen molecules, including fibril structure, fibril orientation, d-spacing, collagen density, collagen content, thermal stability, and the status of mature and immature crosslinks. A combination of biophysical and biochemical tools such as x-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, HPLC were utilised in order to fulfil the objectives. Biochemical assay of hydroxyproline revealed a 10% depletion of collagen in mildly affacted (grade I and II) leaflets, while a 20% depletion of fibrillar collagen was revealed by mapping the collagen fibrils onto the anatomy of cardiac leaflets using x-ray data. Differential scanning calorimetry showed that there were no significant differences in the onset temperature of denaturation of collagen between the healthy and affected leaflets. However, in affected areas of leaflets, the enthalpy of denaturation significantly dropped by 20%. In the affected regions, neutron diffraction results showed an increase in the immature reducible cross-links though the low number of the samples can be considered a limiting factor in this regard. However, the HPLC results showed a 25% decrease in the number of mature cross-links. Additionally, the recently introduced imaging technologies to biology and medicine such as differential enhancing imaging (DEI) and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering spectroscopy (CARS) were, to the author’s best knowledge, applied for the first time to this disease. In doing so, this thesis furthers our understanding of the pathogenesis of MMVD, especially in relation to the collagen. The thesis provides new findings about MMVD and demonstrates the potential of biophysical tools for studying similar conditions.
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Padalino, Massimo. "Surgery for congenital heart disease in the adult age." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3425554.
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Despite congenital heart malformations are currently treated in infancy and childhood, a great number of patients still need surgical treatment in adult age. For this reason, we have embarked on a multicentric study involving 7 major italian centers (Padova, Milano S.Donato, Milano Niguarda, Bergamo, Bologna, Massa, Napoli), so as to evaluate the impact of cardiac surgery in adults with congenital heart disease in our country and survival determinants. In addition, clinical late morbidity was analyzed in order to to evaluate correlated pre-operative and operative risk factors.
Methods
We collected data of 856 patients who underwent 1179 procedures from January,1st 2000 to December 31st 2004. Patients were divided into three groups: Group I- Palliation (3.1%): any operation performed to improve patientâ's clinical status without restoring normal anatomy or physiology. Bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis and pulmonary artery banding were the most frequent procedures.
Group II- Repair (69.7%): first operation performed in the patient, to achieve an anatomic or physiologic repair by separation of the pulmonary from systemic circulation (including also Fontan-types, and 1 and ’½ ventricle repairs). Most frequent procedures were: atrial septal defect closure (35.8%), partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection repair (7.2%), ventricular septal defect closure (5.3%).
Group III- Reoperation (27.4%): all procedures performed after repair either anatomic or physiologic. The most frequent procedures were conduit replacement (9.8%), aortic (8.6%) or pulmonary valve replacement (7.7%) .
Results
Preoperatively 34.6% of patients were in NYHA class I, 48.4% in class II, 14.2% in class III and 2.8% in class IV. Sinus rhythm was present in 83%.
There were 1179 procedure performed in 856 patients (1.37 procedure/patient), with a hospital mortality of 3.1%. Overall mean intensive care unit stay was 2.3 days (range:1-102 days). Major complications were reported in 247 pts (28.8%), with postoperative arrhythmias being the most frequent (26%).
At mean follow-up of 22 months (range 1 month- 5.5 years), 86% of data were available. Late death occurred in 5 patients (0.5%). Patients were in NYHA class I in 79.3 % , II in 17.6%, III in 2.9%, and only one patient in class IV (0.11%). Ability index was class I in 82%, class II in 13.7% and class III in 2.3%. Overall survival estimates is 82.6% , 99% and 91.8% at 5 years for groups I, II, III respectively. Freedom from adverse events at 5 years is 91% for acyanotic vs 63.9 % for preoperative cyanotic patients (p < 0.0001). Multivariate Cox analysis identifies among the most powerful incremental risk factors for survival preoperative NYHA class IV in cyanotic patients (Hazard Ratio-HR- 8.6, p value 0.001), preoperative NYHA class III (HR 2.7, p value 0.023), and reoperation (HR 2.3, p value 0.029). In addition, multivariate Cox analysis for postoperative morbidity expressed as NYHA class greater than 1, identifies among the most powerful incremental risk factors the length of ICU stay (HR 1.037, CI=1.002-1.072, p=0.036), number of operations (HR 1,445 CI=1,1213-1,721, p<0.001), cyanosis (HR 1,555, CI1,035-2,335, p=0,034), alteration of cardiac rhythm before surgery (HR 1,124, CI=1,040-1,215, p=0,03), pre-operative NYHA class>1 (Hazard Ratio 1,573, CI=0,954-2,593, p=0.076), age > 40y (HR 1,466, CI1,014-2,119, p=0.042).
Conclusions
Surgery for congenital heart disease in adult age is a safe and a low risk treatment. However patients with preoperative cyanosis show a higher incidence of late non-fatal complications. In addition, better preoperative clinical conditions are correlated with better late clinical outcomes, thus early repair (before cardiac and non cardiac organ deterioration occurs) is advocated.
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Bates, Matthew. "Cardiac manifestations of mitochondrial disease." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2525.
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Due to critical dependence of the heart on oxidative metabolism, cardiac involvement in mitochondrial disease is common and may occur as the principal clinical manifestation or part of multisystem disease. The basic features of cardiac mitochondrial disease expression remain uncertain and no effective treatment exists. Previous research has suggested that cardiac involvement in mitochondrial disease is an important cause of morbidity and early mortality in paediatric populations. In this thesis, a retrospective study confirms the frequent occurrence of cardiac involvement in adults, and demonstrates a significant impact on survival; the importance of specific mt-tRNA mutations and age of symptom onset as predictors of cardiac involvement is also highlighted. Conversely, in children with end-stage cardiomyopathy of unknown aetiology, a prospective study identifies respiratory chain disease as an important cause of disease, altering patient management in a high-risk population in whom mitochondrial disease was not suspected. Using histochemical and immunohistochemical analysis of cardiac tissue, profound complex I deficiency is demonstrated in all cardiomyocytes displaying any evidence of COX-deficiency but also in cells without COX deficiency, supporting the primacy of this factor in patients with well-characterised mt-tRNA mutations. Differences in cardiac complex I expression between patients harbouring m.3243A>G and m.8344A>G mutations may impact on cardiac phenotype; chamber-specific respiratory chain abnormalities are noted and, while tissue segregation may play a role in frequency and severity of cardiac involvement, skeletal muscle mitochondrial DNA mutation load is not a consistent marker of risk. Advanced imaging techniques are used to demonstrate early concentric hypertrophic remodelling, and specific changes in intramyocardial strains and torsion, in patients harbouring the m.3243A>G or m.8344A>G mutations without clinical evidence of cardiac involvement. However, an endurance exercise interventional study shows that patients experience comparable cardiac hypertrophic and haemodynamic adaptations to sedentary controls and confirms the safety and efficacy of 16 weeks’ training.
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Harcombe, Alun Andrew. "Immunological mechanisms in cardiac disease." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/20552.
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The aim of the work presented in this thesis was to examine cell and antibody-mediated immune mechanisms in heart muscle disease. The two conditions studied were acute rejection of cardiac allografts as an example of cell-mediated immune damage, and alcoholic heart muscle disease as a potential example of antibody-mediated disease. In the first study, experiments were performed on 94 endomyocardial biopsies (EMB) from 73 patients to determine the relationship between the ability to grow lymphocytes from EMB in culture and (i) grade of concurrent or future rejections, (ii) the presence of endocardial lymphocytic infiltrates (ELI), and (iii) donor/recipients HLA mismatches. These studies showed that outgrowth of lymphocytes was not closely related to the degree of rejection, not influenced by the use of polyclonal activators in the medium but it was affected by the presence to two HLA mismatches at the DR locus. The presence of ELI was related to rejection but not to outgrowth of the lymphocytes. It was concluded that, contrary to predictions in the literature, the ability to grow lymphocytes from EMB did not indicate presence of impending injection. In the second study, experiments were performed to test the hypothesis that alcoholic heart muscle disease may be caused by autoantibodies to acetaldehyde-modified myocardial proteins. Sera from 61 subjects were tested by Western analysis for antibodies against acetaldehyde-treated human myocardial proteins. No such antibodies were detected in 11 healthy controls subjects, or 28 patients with non-alcoholic heart diseases. In contrast, 4 out of 14 patients with alcoholic heart disease (28%) had detectable antibodies, suggesting a role for these antibodies in alcohol-induced heart muscle disease. To isolate potential antigenic myocardial proteins from small samples of myocardium a technique was developed for rapidly electroeluting proteins separated on a polyacrylamide gel. This system was validated by electroeluting endothelin receptors from human myocardium.
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Vitori, Tracey. "PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS AND CARDIAC DISEASE." UKnowledge, 2016. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/nursing_etds/26.
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The purpose of this dissertation was to evaluate the association of psychological distress with cardiac disease, events, and mortality. Specific aims were to: 1) to evaluate the association between hostility level and recurrence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and all-cause mortality in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD); 2) to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) hostility and anxiety subscales in a group of incarcerated participants at high risk of cardiovascular disease; and 3) to evaluate the association of patient and caregiver psychological state with quality of life in both patient and caregiver, and postoperative complications after cardiac surgery.
Specific aim one was addressed through a secondary analysis of data collected during the Patient Response to Myocardial Infarction following a Teaching Intervention Offered by Nurses trial to determine whether hostility was a predictor of ACS recurrence and mortality. Hostility was common after ACS and predicted all-cause mortality. Hostility did not predict recurrent ACS. Specific aim 2 was addressed in a secondary analysis of baseline data from a randomized controlled trial in male prisoners. Participants completed the BSI at baseline prior to the intervention. Internal consistency reliability was good for both subscales (Cronbach’s alpha - hostility 0.83, anxiety 0.81). Items from the two dimensions were analyzed together using exploratory factor analysis with varimax rotation. Two dimensions, anxiety and hostility, were identified. Construct validity was supported; those with high anxiety and hostility reported a greater number of days where their self-reported health was rated as fair or poor. Those prisoners with less perceived control had higher levels of anxiety and hostility. Specific aim 3 was addressed through a prospective, descriptive correlational study that measured patient and caregiver anxiety, hostility and depressive symptoms, at baseline to determine whether these predicted quality of life using a multilevel dyadic analysis; and to evaluate the association of baseline anxiety, hostility and depressive symptoms and quality of life with postoperative complications and mortality. Anxiety, hostility, and depressive symptoms were common in both cardiac patients and their caregiver. Psychological state influenced quality of life in both dyad members, but was not associated with complications.
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Luk, Ting-hin, and 陸庭軒. "Effect of cardiac rehabilitation on vascular function in patients withcoronary artery disease." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45153000.
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Williams, Lynn. "Predictors of outcome in cardiac disease : the role of personality and illness cognitions." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/359.
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Background: Coronary heart disease can have a long lasting impact on affected individuals in terms of both physical and psychological adjustment and quality of life. It is, therefore, important to investigate determinants of outcome in these patients. The thesis has four main aims; (i) to investigate predictors of outcome (adherence, quality of life, functional impairment, psychological distress and benefit finding) post-myocardial infarction (MI); (ii) to determine the prevalence and stability of Type D personality in the UK; (iii) to determine if personality predicts outcome after controlling for mood, demographic and clinical factors, and (iv) to investigate potential mechanisms which may explain the link between personality and poor prognosis in cardiac patients. Method: Five studies were conducted. In Studies 1-3, participants completed measures of Type D personality, health-related behaviour, social support and neuroticism. In Study 4, participants completed an experimental stressor with cardiovascular monitoring. Study 5 was a prospective study in which 131 MI patients completed measures of personality, illness cognitions and outcome at two time points, 3-5 days post-MI, then again 3 months later. Results: The prevalence of Type D personality in the UK is 39% in the healthy population, and 34% in the cardiac population. In addition, Type D is predictive of adherence, quality of life, and functional impairment in post-MI patients after controlling for mood, demographics, and clinical factors. Five possible mechanisms (health-related behaviour, adherence, social support, cardiovascular reactivity, and illness perceptions) by which Type D may lead to adverse outcome in cardiac patients were identified. Mood predicted quality of life and functional impairment post-MI, illness perceptions predicted quality of life post-MI, and future thinking predicted quality of life, functional impairment and depression post-MI. Discussion: These findings have important therapeutic and theoretical implications for understanding the role of personality and illness cognitions in the short-term recovery of post-MI patients.
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Pandey, Raghav. "MicroRNA Mediated Proliferation of Adult Cardiomyocytes to Regenerate Ischemic Myocardium." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1505124343198575.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBücher zum Thema "Cardiae diseases"
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Elder, Vicci. Cardiac kids. Dayton Area Heart and Cancer Assoc., 1994.
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Feuerstein, Giora Z., Peter Libby, and Douglas L. Mann, eds. Inflammation and Cardiac Diseases. Birkhäuser Basel, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8047-3.
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Kass, Wanger Nanette, and United States. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research., eds. Cardiac rehabilitation. U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, 1995.
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United States. Cardiac Rehabilitation Guideline Panel. Cardiac rehabilitation. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1995.
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Thiriet, Marc. Diseases of the Cardiac Pump. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12664-7.
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Z, Goldhaber Samuel, ed. Cardiopulmonary diseases and cardiac tumors. Current Medicine, 1995.
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G, Julian Desmond, ed. Diseases of the Cardiac Valves. Churchill Livingstone, 1989.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenBuchteile zum Thema "Cardiae diseases"
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Bradac, Gianni Boris. "Cardiac Diseases." In Applied Cerebral Angiography. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57228-4_18.
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Bradac, Gianni Boris. "Cardiac Diseases." In Cerebral Angiography. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54404-0_18.
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Bradac, Gianni Boris. "Cardiac Diseases." In Cerebral Angiography. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15678-6_18.
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Poppe, Trygve T. "Cardiac Diseases." In Fish Diseases and Medicine. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429195259-10.
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Calderon-Rojas, Rolando, and Hartzell V. Schaff. "Pericardial Diseases." In Cardiac Surgery. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24174-2_77.
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Imazio, Massimo. "Cardiac Tamponade." In Myopericardial Diseases. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27156-9_14.
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Fry, John. "Cardiac Failure." In Common Diseases. Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4924-9_19.
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Nagaratnam, Nages, Kujan Nagaratnam, and Gary Cheuk. "Cardiac Arrhythmias." In Geriatric Diseases. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32700-6_2-1.
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Nagaratnam, Nages, Kujan Nagaratnam, and Gary Cheuk. "Cardiac Arrhythmias." In Geriatric Diseases. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33434-9_2.
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Kuijpers, T. W., S. A. Netea, and I. M. Kuipers. "Inflammatory and Immune Cardiac Diseases: Kawasaki Disease." In Pediatric Cardiology. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42937-9_87-1.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKonferenzberichte zum Thema "Cardiae diseases"
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van Spreeuwel, Ariane C. C., Noortje A. M. Bax, Jasper Foolen, et al. "Engineered Microtissues for Real-Time Characterization of Cardiomyocyte Function." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14248.
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Engineered cardiac tissue models become increasingly important for understanding normal and disease cardiac physiology [1]. Where clinical diagnostic tools usually measure overall function of the heart, cardiac tissue models make it possible to focus on single CMs and their microenvironment. The use of in-vitro cardiac disease models can give more insight in the functionality changes of CMs during disease and thereby speed up the development of new therapies. Therefore, we aim to develop a model for healthy and diseased myocardium to study the effect of diseased microenvironments on the mechanical performance of CMs. The platform consists of 3D engineered microtissues with matrix, CMs and fibroblasts (FBs) on an array of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microposts and allows for real-time characterization of CMs and their surrounding matrix. The design was adapted from Legant et. al. [2] and enables us to measure inhomogeneous tissue forces which may occur if not all cells contract equally. Here we focus on optimization and validation of the platform to measure contraction forces and gain insight in CM mechanical functioning.
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Ulerich, Joseph P., Serdar Goktepe, and Ellen Kuhl. "First Attempts Towards the Computational Simulation of Novel Stem-Cell Based Post Infarct Therapies." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192715.
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Cardiac disease is the most common cause of death in developed nations and affects more than 80 million American adults every year. Among cardiac diseases, myocardial infarction is one of the leading causes of congestive heart failure. Due to an infarct, the loads within the heart alter and within hours a remodeling process begins as the heart attempts to optimize function given its diminished capacity. This remodeling process itself can cause inconsistent thinning and dilation leading to potential problems such as volume overloaded hypertrophy and often causes further functional deterioration.
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Yan, Karen Chang, Mary Kate McDonough, James J. Pilla, and Chun Xu. "Stiffness Characterization Using a Dynamic Heart Phantom and Magnetic Resonance Imaging." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-65222.
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Heart disease is the number one cause of death in the United States [1]. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) technology can be used to diagnose and evaluate a number of diseases and conditions such as coronary artery disease, damage caused by a heart attack, heart failure, and heart valve problems etc. Given the inherent difficulty in imaging the heart in motion, many efforts have been made to improve cardiac motion tracking and eliminate motion related artifacts. A dynamic heart phantom (DHP) capable of simulating true physiological motions is a valuable research tool for improving quality of MR images and determining critical diagnostic information. For instance, MR images have been used to quantify myocardial strain and estimate soft tissue material parameters and in turn to learn about cardiac structure and function [2–4]. In these studies, heart phantoms made of rubber like materials with known material properties are often used as a mean of validation.
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Malidze, David, Rishu Bansal, Marina Noniashvili, Natia JoJua, Tinatin Gognadze, and Mreisa Ahmad. "Cardiac Arrhythmias in Patients with Myocarditis in the Post-COVID-19 Period." In Socratic Lectures 8. University of Lubljana Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55295/psl.2023.ii1.
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To date, several cardiotropic viruses have been implicated as causes of myocarditis. The most detected are parvovirus B19, and human herpes virus 6. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are the respiratory viruses that have recently triggered the unprecedented pandemic process. The involvement and impact of these viruses in viral cardiovascular disease are under study. Despite extensive research into the pathological mechanisms of viral infections of the cardiovascular system, our knowledge regarding their treatment and management is still incomplete. A condition caused by post- Co rona Virus Disease (COVID-19) myocarditis seems to have distinct inflammatory characteristics. Many kinds of arrhythmias may occur in patients with post-COVID-19 myocarditis and result in arrhythmogenic cardio-myopathy and sudden cardiac death. Sometimes arrhythmia can be the first and only symptom of myocarditis. However, compared to the other clinical presentations, arrhythmic myocarditis has been poorly described in the literature. The increased risk of arrhythmias in patients with a post-COVID-19 period is most likely a consequence of systemic inflammation and diseases, not just a direct consequence of the viral infection. A decrease in heart rate variability can contribute to electrical instability of the myocardium and the occurrence of arrhythmias. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and endomyocardial biopsy are the most useful tests for myocarditis. However, different from the other clinical presentations, arrhythmic myocarditis requires specific diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic considerations. This review aims to critically summarize the state of the art on myocarditis presenting with arrhythmias in terms of epidemiology, aetiology, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Keywords: Post-COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Myocarditis; Arrhythmias; Ferroptosis; Vaccination
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Mesihović-Dinarević, Senka. "UPDATE IN DIAGNOSTICS CARDIOLOGY." In International Scientific Symposium “Diagnostics in Cardiology and Grown-Up Congenital Heart Disease (GUCH)”. Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5644/pi2021.199.02.
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Cardiovascular medicine is an area of clinical practice with a continually rapid expansion of knowledge, guidelines, best practices and new technology in adult cardiovascular medicine as well as in paediatric cardiology medicine. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of mortality in the world and cause major costs for the health sector and economy. Cardiovascular imaging indices have a significant impact on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiac diseases. Advanced imaging technologies have dramatically improved our ability to detect and treat cardiovascular disease at an early stage. Multimodality imaging techniques - echocardiogram, cardiac computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, simulation 3D models, artificial intelligence - are being used more frequently as their utility is better appreciated. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) exerts an unprecedented global impact on public health and health care delivery. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) causing COVID-19 has reached pandemic levels since March 2020. Patients with cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and established CVD represent a vulnerable population when suffering from COVID-19, and have an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Severe COVID-19 infection is associated with myocardial damage and cardiac arrhythmia. Diagnostic workup during SARS infection revealed electrocardiographic changes, sub-clinical left ventricular (LV) diastolic impairment and troponin elevation. All professionals in cardiovascular medicine, as a part of lifelong learning process, have the continuous imperative in reviewing novelties, with results data from numerous researches in order to treat all patients according to best practices and evidence-based medicine, especially on this journey through corona pandemic.
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Mejia, Juan, Rosaire Mongrain, Guy Drapeau, Josep Cabau-Rodes, and Olivier F. Bertrand. "A Numerical and Experimental Study of Blood Disturbances in a Stented Arterial Segment: Flat vs. Cylindrical Mock-Ups." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-193210.
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Today cardiac complications are the leading cause of death in the developed world [1]. Millions of people suffer from cardiovascular disease, with most of the cases caused by or related to atherosclerosis. Historically, blood flow in stenosed arteries has been restored by means of balloon angioplasty. In 1987 stents were introduced to the procedure in order to provide structural support to the diseased artery.
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Xiao, Min, Annie Bailey, and Olga Pierrakos. "In-Vitro Modeling of Heart Failure in the Presence of a Prosthetic Heart Valve Using Particle Image Velocimetry." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53788.
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It is well-known that cardiovascular disease, affecting millions of people, is the number one killer in the US and worldwide. Current trends indicate that cardiovascular disease (CVD) will claim approximately 20 million victims in 2020 as the leading cause of death worldwide and will be responsible for over a billion deaths between 2000 and 2050 [1]. According to the American Heart Association, one in three American adults have one or more types of heart disease. Economically, the total and indirect costs due to cardiovascular diseases in 2009 were estimated at $475.3 billion. The spectrum of cardiac disease encompasses a broad range of disorders, varying from myocardial ischemia, valvular disease, diastolic dysfunction, congestive heart failure (which is projected to affect 20 million people by 2020), etc. Most of these disorders initiate and are associated to the left side of the heart, which is the workhorse and also the focus of our research herein.
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Chin, Jessica S., Ibrahim Zeid, and Sagar Kamarthi. "Using 3D Modeling and Neural Networks to Predict Time-to-Heal for Chronic, Non-Healing Wounds." In ASME 2013 Conference on Frontiers in Medical Devices: Applications of Computer Modeling and Simulation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fmd2013-16091.
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Chronic, non-healing ulcers are expensive to treat and heal. Approximately 2% of the United States’ general population suffers from non-healing wounds. Conservatively, the cost of treating these chronic wounds is estimated to exceed $50 billion per year. This is approximately ten times more than the annual budget of the World Health Organization. The prevalence of wound healing is similar to that of heart failure and cardiac diseases. However, unlike cardiac diseases little is known regarding the comparative treatments of wounds and their respective outcomes. Additionally, the field of monitoring and tracking wound care lacks the awareness compared with cardiac diseases.
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Помыткина, Татьяна Евгеньевна, Татьяна Дмитриевна Згурская, Анна Сергеевна Толкач, and Мария Вячеславовна Исакова. "THE COURSE OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF A NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION." In Psychology, sports science and medicine: сборник статей международной научной конференции (Воркута, Февраль 2023). Crossref, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/230227.2023.75.10.002.
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Пациенты с заболеваниями сердечно-сосудистой системы подвержены развитию кардиологических осложнений, которые непосредственно могут привести к летальному исходу при инфекционном заболевании, вызванным вирусом SARS-CoV-2. В данной статье описан клинический случай течения инфаркта миокарда у пациента на фоне новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19). Patients with diseases of the cardiovascular system are susceptible to the development of cardiac complications, which can directly lead to death in an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This article describes a clinical case of myocardial infarction in a patient against the background of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19).
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V, Sandhiyogha Lakshmi, and Nisha Evangelin L. "Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things Enabled Disease Diagnosis Model for Smart Healthcare Systems." In The International Conference on scientific innovations in Science, Technology, and Management. International Journal of Advanced Trends in Engineering and Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59544/tasa9927/ngcesi23p142.
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The recent advancements in Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing and Artificial Intelligence (AI) transformed the conventional healthcare system into smart healthcare. By incorporating key technologies such as IoT and AI, medical services can be improved. The convergence of IoT and AI offers different opportunities in healthcare sector. The presented model encompasses different stages namely, data acquisition, pre-processing, classification, and parameter tuning. Heart disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally and early detection is crucial for effective management. Machine learning models have been developed to aid in the prediction of heart disease with LightGBM being one such model. This study aims to analyse the performance of LightGBM in predicting heart disease. LightGBM was implemented using Python, and the model was trained using the training set. The performance of the model was evaluated using several metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Further studies could be conducted to evaluate the model’s performance on larger datasets and to compare its performance with other machine learning mode. Diseases may have an impact on people both physically and emotionally, since getting and living with an illness can change a person’s outlook on life. An illness that affects several areas of an organism yet is not caused by an instant exterior damage. Diseases are frequently defined as medical disorders characterised by distinct symptoms and indicators. The most lethal illnesses in humans are arteria coronary disease, cerebrovascular disease and lower respiratory infections. Heart disease is the most unexpected and unpredictability. With machine learning, we can anticipate cardiac disease. To get high efficiency output, we employ CNN approaches.
Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Cardiae diseases"
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Zhang, Ruizhe, and Qingya Xie. A meta-analysis of cholesteryl ester transfer protein(CETP) gene rs708272(G>A) polymorphism in association with cornoary heart disease risk. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.6.0021.
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Review question / Objective: To seek the association of the CETP rs708272 polymorphism with CHD.To figure out if the carriers of allele rs708272-A reduce or increase the risk of CHD in comparison with carriers of allele rs708272-G under allele model, dominant model and recessive model. Condition being studied: The inclusion criteria of CHD:(1)the presence of stenosis≥50% in a minimum of one main segment of coronary arteries (the right coronary artery, left circumfex, or left anterior descending arteries) by coronary angiography.(2) symptoms representing angina pectoris, electrocardiographic changes, and elevations of cardiac enzymes based on the criteria of the World Health Organization. (3) a certifed record of coronary artery bypass graft or percutaneous coronary intervention were included in the study.The exclusion criteria of CHD :patients with congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathy, and valvular disease.Controls:the same populations as the cases and specifed to be without CAD, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and peripheral atherosclerotic arterial disease.
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Wei, Dongmei, Yang Sun, and Hankang Hen. Effects of Baduanjin exercise on cardiac rehabilitation after percutaneous coronary intervention: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0080.
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Review question / Objective: Can Baduanjin exercise improve the cardiac rehabilitation of patients with coronary artery disease after percutaneous coronary artery surgery? Condition being studied: Coronary heart disease (CHD), also known as coronary artery disease (CAD), is the single most common cause of death globally, with 7.4 million deaths in 2013, accounting for one-third of all deaths (WHO 2014). PCI has been shown to be effective in reducing mortality in patients with CHD. During follow-up, it has been shown that the benefits of PCI can be offset by the significant risks of coronary spasm, endothelial cell injury, recurrent ischemia, and even restenosis or thrombus. Numerous guidelines endorse the necessity for cardiac rehabilitation (CR), which is recommended for patients with chronic stable angina, acute coronary syndrome and for patients following PCI. Baduanjin have been widely practised in China for centuries, and as they are considered to be low risk interventions, their use for the prevention of cardiovascular disease is now becoming more widespread. The ability of Baduanjin to promote clinically meaningful influences in patients with CHD after PCI, however, still remains unclear.
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Harbi, Ali, Kim Lam Soh, Kim Geok Soh, and Haya Ibrahim Ali Abu Maloh. The Effect of Comprehensive Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs on Outcomes for Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft, A Systematic Review of Contemporary Randomized Controlled Trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.1.0027.
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Review question / Objective: The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the effectiveness of comprehensive CR programs in improving outcomes for patients who had undergone CABG. The explicit statement of the research question considered for this systematic review is formulated by using (PICOS) criteria; Population (patients who had undergone CABG), Intervention (comprehensive CR programs), Comparator (control groups), Outcome (HRQoL, stress, anxiety, depression, readmission, and the occurrence of major adverse cardiac/ cerebrovascularevents MACCE)and Study (RCTs). Condition being studied: The effectiveness of comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation programs in improving the outcomes for patients with coronary artery disease who had undergone coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
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Li, Tian, Shanshan Jin, Wenhua Jiang, et al. Metformin may reduce the mortality and cardiac events in patients with cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, irrespective of concurrent diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trails and cohort studies. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2020.6.0008.
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Li, Xiao, Fayang Ling, Wenchuan Qi, et al. Preclinical Evidence of Acupuncture on infarction size of Myocardial ischemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Animal Studies. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.6.0044.
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Review question / Objective: Whether acupuncture is effective for infarction size on myocardial ischemia rat models. Condition being studied: Myocardial ischemia is a typical pathological condition of coronary heart disease (CHD), which has been a global issue with high incidence and mortality. Myocardial infarction caused by myocardial ischemia leads to cardiac dysfunction, and the size of myocardial infarction also determines the recovery and prognosis of cardiac function. Acupuncture, a long history of traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used to treat symptoms like thoracalgia and palpitation. Many researches based on rat experiments have shown that acupuncture affects infarction size, cardiac function, myocardial enzyme or arrhythmias severity on myocardial ischemia models; nevertheless, few literatures have systematically reviewed these studies, assessing the risk of bias, quality of evidence, validity of results, and summarizing potential mechanisms. A systematic review of animal studies can benefit future experimental designs, promote the conduct and report of basic researches and provide some guidance to translate the achievements of basic researches to clinical application in acupuncture for myocardial ischemia. Therefore, we will conduct this systematic review and meta analysis to evaluate effects of acupuncture on infarction size on myocardial ischemia rat models.
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Allsopp, Rich. Analysis of the Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cells to Facilitate Recovery from Cardiac Disease and Damage. Defense Technical Information Center, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada570378.
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Rahman, Kazi, Grace Lee, Kristina Vine, Amba-Rose Atkinson, Michael Tong, and Veronica Matthews. Impacts of climate change on health and health services in northern New South Wales: an Evidence Check rapid review. The Sax Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/xlsj7564.
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This rapid review investigated the effects of climate change on health and health services in northern NSW—a known ‘hotspot’ for natural disasters—over the next 10-20 years. It included 92 peer-reviewed articles and 9 grey literature documents, with 17% focused on Northern NSW. Climate change will cause both an increase in average temperatures and in extreme weather events and natural disasters. Impacts particularly affecting Northern NSW are expected to include increases and exacerbations of: mental illness; infectious diseases, including those transmitted by mosquitoes, water and food; heat-related illnesses; chronic diseases including respiratory and cardiac conditions; injuries; and mortality—with vulnerable groups being most affected. Demand for health services will increase, but there will also be disruptions to medication supply and service availability. A whole-of-system approach will be needed to address these issues. There are numerous gaps in the research evidence and a lack of predictive modelling and robust locally relevant data.
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LI, Peng, and Junjun Liu. Effect of statin therapy on moderate-to-severe depression: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.3.0016.
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Review question / Objective: We aim to assess the antidepressant effects of statin therapy among patients complicated with moderate to severe depression. Condition being studied: Depression is one of the major causes of disability worldwide, and major depressive disorders (MDD) contribute to a significant heavy disease burden, which is expected to be second by 2050, only to heart disease. Despite great improvement in therapy, the treatment efficacy remains low. Therefore, alternative therapies have been intensely investigated. A substantial body of researches have suggested that inflammation is one of the operative pathways between MDD and increased risk of somatic comorbidities, and some specific depressive symptoms. Depression occurs in most patients with cardiac and cerebrovascular disease due to the long-term effects, and depression increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in the population as a whole and in patients with coronary artery disease or stroke. Several observational studies have demonstrated reduced rates of depression among patients taking statins, which may be related to its anti-inflammatory effect. However, whether statin improves the depressive symptoms and its associated mechanism is still mixed. Furthermore, there is little evidence about statin treatment effect in those with moderate to severe depression. In addition, whether the effect of statin treatment on depressive symptom changes with time or is affected by baseline depression severity or percentage change of lipid levels has not been explored in previous studies.
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Newman-Toker, David E., Susan M. Peterson, Shervin Badihian, et al. Diagnostic Errors in the Emergency Department: A Systematic Review. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer258.
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Objectives. Diagnostic errors are a known patient safety concern across all clinical settings, including the emergency department (ED). We conducted a systematic review to determine the most frequent diseases and clinical presentations associated with diagnostic errors (and resulting harms) in the ED, measure error and harm frequency, as well as assess causal factors. Methods. We searched PubMed®, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL®), and Embase® from January 2000 through September 2021. We included research studies and targeted grey literature reporting diagnostic errors or misdiagnosis-related harms in EDs in the United States or other developed countries with ED care deemed comparable by a technical expert panel. We applied standard definitions for diagnostic errors, misdiagnosis-related harms (adverse events), and serious harms (permanent disability or death). Preventability was determined by original study authors or differences in harms across groups. Two reviewers independently screened search results for eligibility; serially extracted data regarding common diseases, error/harm rates, and causes/risk factors; and independently assessed risk of bias of included studies. We synthesized results for each question and extrapolated U.S. estimates. We present 95 percent confidence intervals (CIs) or plausible range (PR) bounds, as appropriate. Results. We identified 19,127 citations and included 279 studies. The top 15 clinical conditions associated with serious misdiagnosis-related harms (accounting for 68% [95% CI 66 to 71] of serious harms) were (1) stroke, (2) myocardial infarction, (3) aortic aneurysm and dissection, (4) spinal cord compression and injury, (5) venous thromboembolism, (6/7 – tie) meningitis and encephalitis, (6/7 – tie) sepsis, (8) lung cancer, (9) traumatic brain injury and traumatic intracranial hemorrhage, (10) arterial thromboembolism, (11) spinal and intracranial abscess, (12) cardiac arrhythmia, (13) pneumonia, (14) gastrointestinal perforation and rupture, and (15) intestinal obstruction. Average disease-specific error rates ranged from 1.5 percent (myocardial infarction) to 56 percent (spinal abscess), with additional variation by clinical presentation (e.g., missed stroke average 17%, but 4% for weakness and 40% for dizziness/vertigo). There was also wide, superimposed variation by hospital (e.g., missed myocardial infarction 0% to 29% across hospitals within a single study). An estimated 5.7 percent (95% CI 4.4 to 7.1) of all ED visits had at least one diagnostic error. Estimated preventable adverse event rates were as follows: any harm severity (2.0%, 95% CI 1.0 to 3.6), any serious harms (0.3%, PR 0.1 to 0.7), and deaths (0.2%, PR 0.1 to 0.4). While most disease-specific error rates derived from mainly U.S.-based studies, overall error and harm rates were derived from three prospective studies conducted outside the United States (in Canada, Spain, and Switzerland, with combined n=1,758). If overall rates are generalizable to all U.S. ED visits (130 million, 95% CI 116 to 144), this would translate to 7.4 million (PR 5.1 to 10.2) ED diagnostic errors annually; 2.6 million (PR 1.1 to 5.2) diagnostic adverse events with preventable harms; and 371,000 (PR 142,000 to 909,000) serious misdiagnosis-related harms, including more than 100,000 permanent, high-severity disabilities and 250,000 deaths. Although errors were often multifactorial, 89 percent (95% CI 88 to 90) of diagnostic error malpractice claims involved failures of clinical decision-making or judgment, regardless of the underlying disease present. Key process failures were errors in diagnostic assessment, test ordering, and test interpretation. Most often these were attributed to inadequate knowledge, skills, or reasoning, particularly in “atypical” or otherwise subtle case presentations. Limitations included use of malpractice claims and incident reports for distribution of diseases leading to serious harms, reliance on a small number of non-U.S. studies for overall (disease-agnostic) diagnostic error and harm rates, and methodologic variability across studies in measuring disease-specific rates, determining preventability, and assessing causal factors. Conclusions. Although estimated ED error rates are low (and comparable to those found in other clinical settings), the number of patients potentially impacted is large. Not all diagnostic errors or harms are preventable, but wide variability in diagnostic error rates across diseases, symptoms, and hospitals suggests improvement is possible. With 130 million U.S. ED visits, estimated rates for diagnostic error (5.7%), misdiagnosis-related harms (2.0%), and serious misdiagnosis-related harms (0.3%) could translate to more than 7 million errors, 2.5 million harms, and 350,000 patients suffering potentially preventable permanent disability or death. Over two-thirds of serious harms are attributable to just 15 diseases and linked to cognitive errors, particularly in cases with “atypical” manifestations. Scalable solutions to enhance bedside diagnostic processes are needed, and these should target the most commonly misdiagnosed clinical presentations of key diseases causing serious harms. New studies should confirm overall rates are representative of current U.S.-based ED practice and focus on identified evidence gaps (errors among common diseases with lower-severity harms, pediatric ED errors and harms, dynamic systems factors such as overcrowding, and false positives). Policy changes to consider based on this review include: (1) standardizing measurement and research results reporting to maximize comparability of measures of diagnostic error and misdiagnosis-related harms; (2) creating a National Diagnostic Performance Dashboard to track performance; and (3) using multiple policy levers (e.g., research funding, public accountability, payment reforms) to facilitate the rapid development and deployment of solutions to address this critically important patient safety concern.
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Moore, Gai, Anton du Toit, Brydie Jameson, Angus Liu, and Mark Harris. The effectiveness of virtual hospitals. The Sax Institute, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/lwxq3617.
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This Rapid Evidence Scan examined the effectiveness of virtual hospital models of care. While no reviews evaluated a complete model, tele-healthcare only and tele-healthcare with remote telemonitoring interventions demonstrated similar or significantly better clinical or health system outcomes including reduced hospitalisations, readmissions, emergency department visits and length of stay, compared to usual care, including those delivered without home visits or face-to-face care. The use of the Internet showed mixed but promising results. The strongest evidence was for cardiac failure, coronary heart disease, diabetes and stroke rehabilitation. Nurses played a central role in home visiting, providing telephone support and education. However, the studies were heterogeneous and the results should be interpreted with caution.