Dissertationen zum Thema „Carbure de nickel“
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Mathis, Frédéric. „Etude de la codéposition électrolytique du nickel et de particules de carbure de silicium. Propriétés physico-chimiques des codépôts de nickel et carbure de silicium“. Toulouse, INPT, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPT047G.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDa, Silva René. „Comportement mécanique et endommagement des composites à matrice basse aluminium renforcée par des particules de carbure de silicium“. Paris 13, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA132025.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLeroi, Pascaline. „Etude du reformage du méthane en gaz de synthèse sur catalyseurs à base de carbure de silicium“. Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR13080.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe work which was carried out for this PhD thesis was based on the use of nickel supported on silicon carbide (SiC) catalysts for methane steam reforming (SR) and methane partial oxidation (POx). Concerning the SR process, the effect of several reaction parameters (temperature, pressure, oxidizing/reducing agent) and that of the parameters which are specific to catalysts were optimized. The post-catalytic characterizations showed that the catalysts present an increased resistance towards coke deactivation and almost no deactivation has been observed as a function of time on stream. Regarding the POx process, comparison tests demonstrated the advantage of SiC, a conductive material, over alumina, which is an insulating material. At the start of the reaction, the conversion of methane observed on alumina-based catalyst largely exceeds the thermodynamic value which means that temperature runaway has occured in the catalyst bed. This is not the case with SiC catalysts due to its high thermal conductivity which allows the rapid heat evacuation from the catalyst bed. The hot spot formation significantly alters the alumina-based catalyst morphology whereas the morphology of the SiC-based catalyst was completely retained. Post-reaction characterizations showed a great difference not only in the nature but also in the amount of carbon formed on both supports, i. E. Filamentous carbon on the alumina-based catalyst and amorphous carbon on the SiC-based catalyst
Fraga, Malfatti Célia de. „Elaboration et caractérisation de revêtements nanocomposites NiP/SiC électrodéposés“. Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30287.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this work electrodeposited Ni-P/SiC composites coatings had been electrodeposited from a nickel salts solution containing H3PO3 and SiC particles in suspension (600nm and 30nm). Through measures of viscosity and sedimentation speed it was evidenced that the size of particles is a very important characteristic and it influences in the suspension stability. We had shown that organic additives modifies the characteristic of suspensions. Depending on size particles the organic additives can change the number of incorporated particles. It was observed that depending on the particles concentration in suspension, the number of incorporated particles in deposits can be changed. The incorporation rate evaluated as a function of the fraction in volume reaches a plateau, but continues to increase if it´s evaluated as a function of the number of particles. For the suspensions with raised particles concentration, the incorporation process becomes selective, and the particles with small size are preferentially incorporated. Microhardness measurements, thermal analysis and electrochemical analysis, (cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) were used to evaluate the influence of the amount and distribution of SiC incorporated particles on the microhardness, corrosion and thermal behaviour of Ni-P/SiC composite coating
Bennouna, Abdouh. „Etude de l'oxydation du superalliage réfractaire inconel 718 (NC19F eNb) : rôle des précipités de carbure de niobium et de phase delta (Ni 3Nb)“. Toulouse, INPT, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986INPT005G.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNhut, Jean-Mario. „Réaction d'oxydation sélective de l'hydrogène sulfuré (H2S) en soufre élémentaire“. Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR13240.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleStudies realised on the desulfurisation reaction at high temperature led us to selectively control the active phase location on the support, with the development of a new impregnation method (called bi-phasic impregnation). This method was based on the duality of the SiC surface (hydrophilic, hydrophobic), and allowed to depose the iron oxide particles (active phase) exclusively on pure SiC zones. These zones were proven to be hydrophobic and located on the outer surface of the pores of the material, and then allowed a better accessibility reactant against the active phase. As a function of time on stream the iron oxide based active phase was transformed into an iron oxysulfide phase (T = 230-240 °C). This phase was very active and selective and was extremely stable during the reaction (more than 1000 h of time on stream), whatever the nature of the reaction mixture, i. E. With or without impurities (H2, CO2, SO2, CO, NH3). The discovery of new materials like carbon nanostructures (nanofibers, nanotubes) allowed us to develop new catalysts, based on NiS2, able to selectively oxidize at 60 °C H2S into elemental sulfur with extremely high sulfur yield and high space velocity (WHSV = 0. 03 h-1). The results obtained showed the importance of these supports on the desulfurisation activity and their great capacity of solid sulfur storage. To explain these results on nanotubes, the hypothesis of a confinement effect induced by their tubular morphology was advanced while the high activity observed on the nanofibers composite was attributed to their high external surface due to their nanosize. Moreover, a particular mode of deposition was advanced to explain their activity and their high solid sulfur storage capacity during the reaction (existence of surface duality of the materials: hydrophilic/hydrophobic)
Chomette, Sébastien. „Etude des évolutions microstructurales et comportement mécanique des alliages base nickel 617 et 230 à haute température“. Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPT030G/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHigh Temperature Reactors (HTR), is one of the innovative nuclear reactor designed to be inherently safer than previous generation and to produce minimal waste. The most critical metallic component in that type of reactor is the Intermediate Heat eXchanger (IHX). The constraints imposed by the conception and the severe operational conditions (high temperature of 850°C to 950°C, lifetime of 20,000 h) have guided the IHX material selection toward two solid solution nickel base alloys, the Inconel 617 and the Haynes 230. Inconel 617 is the primary candidate alloy thanks to its good high temperature mechanical and corrosion properties and the large data base developed in previous programs. However, its high cobalt content has to be considered as an issue (nuclear activation). The more recent alloy Haynes 230, in which most of the cobalt has been replaced by tungsten, present characteristics similar to the 617 alloy. The objective of this thesis is to study the high temperature mechanical behaviour of both alloys in relation with their microstructural evolutions. The as received microstructural observations have revealed primary carbides (M6C). Most of this precipitates are evenly distributed in the materials. Few M23C6 secondary carbides are observed in both alloys in the as received state. Thermal ageing treatments at 850°C lead to an important M23C6 precipitation on slip lines and at grain boundaries. The size of this carbides increases and their number decreases with increasing ageing duration. The intragranular precipitation of secondary carbides at 950°C is more limited and the intergranular evolution more important than at 850°C. The microstructural observations and the hardness evolution of both alloys show that the main microstructural evolutions occur before 1,000 h at both studied temperatures. The mechanical properties of the Inconel 617 and the Haynes 230 have been studied using tensile, creep, fatigue and relaxation-fatigue tests. Particularly, the properties at 850°C and 950°C have been evaluated using several stress levels (creep), strain rates (tensile) and relaxation duration (fatigue). The effects of initial treatments have also been studied, i.e.ageing treatments effects on creep and tensile properties and cold-work effects on creep properties. At high temperature, the as received Inconel 617 does not show classical creep behaviour. This study shows the importance of the fast carbides precipitation on their mechanical properties, despite the fact that the Inconel 617 and the Haynes 230 are listed as solid solution alloys. Low cycle fatigue tests with and without holding time have been performed at 850°C under air and under vacuum on both alloys. The results showed that cyclic hardening, cyclic stability and life time are closely related to the duration of the holding time. Furthermore, a single thermally activated mechanism operates over a very wide range of strain rates, corresponding to tensile tests, creep and relaxation. The link between microstructure and mechanical behaviour presented in this thesis helps to determine the advantages as the operation limits of each alloy in order to manufacture a nuclear power plant heat exchanger
Suarez, Fernandez Maribel. „Estudio del comportamiento ante la corrosión y desgaste de recubrimientos obtenidos por proyección térmica“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10120/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe present work has been devoted to the study of the corrosion and wear behaviors of CrNi-9.5%C coatings deposited onto a SAE 1010 steel substrate by a vacuum plasma thermal spray process. The studies were carried out with the coatings both in the as-deposited condition and after heat treatment in argon, at temperatures varying between 600° to 900oC. It has been found that the coatings contained mainly Cr3C2 and NiCr, irrespective to the heat treatment temperature. It has been shown that the response of the coated systems during the potentio-dynamic tests in a 3.5% NaCl solution depends strongly, besides the coating thickness, on the microstructural coating evolution that occurs during heat treatment. It has been found that the heat treatment performed at 900oC, for the 450 mm coating thickness, allowed the reduction of approximately 97% of the corrosion current density, as a result of a solid-state diffusion phenomenon, which produced a higher lamellar cohesion, impeding the penetration of the corrosive solution. The main corrosion mechanism has been attributed to the galvanic corrosion phenomenon, as a consequence of the remarkable difference between the electrochemical properties of the matrix and those of the existing carbides in the coating. During the sliding tests, the coated systems rubbed against alumina under a 5 N normal load, indicated a progressive change in the mechanism, from a mixed adhesive and abrasive, to a predominant abrasive as the heat treatment temperature increases. However, the wear constants were found to be of the order of approximately of 10-6 mm3/N.m, indicating that a satisfactory behavior from the tribological point of view
En el presente trabajo se estudio el comportamiento ante la corrosión y el desgaste de recubrimientos de CrNi9,5%C depositados sobre un acero SAE 1010 usando la técnica de proyección térmica de plasma al vacío (VPS). Los estudios se realizaron para los recubrimientos tanto en condición de cómo depositados como tratados térmicamente, en atmósfera de argón, a temperaturas de recocido de 600°, 800° y 900°C. Se encontró que el recubrimiento tiene Cr3C2 y NiCr como fases mayoritarias, independiente de la temperatura del tratamiento. La respuesta de los sistemas recubiertos durante los ensayos potencio-dinamicos en solución acuosa de 3.5% NaCl indicó una significativa dependencia tanto del espesor, como de los cambios microestructurales producidos en función de la temperatura de tratamiento térmico. Se determinó que el tratamiento térmico realizado a 900oC, para un recubrimiento de 450mm de espesor, ha permitido una reducción de aproximadamente un 97% del valor de la densidad de corriente, como resultado del aumento en la cohesión interlamelar obtenida debido al fenómeno de difusión en estado sólido, lo cual impide la penetración de la solución agresiva. En este caso, el mecanismo principal de daño se debe al proceso de corrosión galvánica, como consecuencia a la diferencia apreciable existente entre la naturaleza electroquímica de la matriz de Ni con respecto a los carburos. La respuesta del sistema recubierto contra alumina durante los ensayos de desgaste deslizante bajo 5N de carga normal indica que tiene lugar un cambio progresivo del mecanismo combinado de desgaste adhesivo y abrasivo hacia un mecanismo mayormente abrasivo, a medida que la temperatura del tratamiento termico aumenta. Sin embargo, las constantes de desgaste determinadas para todos los ensayos llevados a cabo se encontraron del orden de 10-6 mm3/N.m, indicando un comportamiento satisfactorio desde el punto de vista tribologico
Marou, Alzouma Ousseini. „Durabilité tribologique de matériaux pour insert de dents de tunnelier“. Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ECDL0042.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe frequency of maintenance operations during the excavation of the ground by the tunnel boring machines (TBM) is problematic for civil engineering companies. These maintenance operations provoke expensive timeouts and they bring in excavation operators in risky hyperbaric work conditions. One of the reasons which leads to the numerous human interventions for the maintenance is the damage of drag bits located on the cutting wheel of the TBM. These drag bits undergo wear due to the abrasiveness of the various media they meet. The purpose of this thesis is to contribute to increase by 20 % at least the lifetime of the materials of the dag bits, in order to reduce the various maintenance operations which expose the operators to important risks. To achieve this goal, the investigations led in this work concerned several axes. At first, an expertise is led to identify the wear modes prevailing on the carbide inserts located on the drag bits; then, new materials with enhanced mechanical properties and optimized microstructures, developed in the framework of the European project NeTTUN, are characterized on representative lab testing devices. These tests allowed us to understand well the wear mechanisms of the newly developed grades of tungsten carbides. The results of this work can lead to new strategies for the selection of materials to reinforce the drag bits
David, Isabelle. „Mécanismes contrôlant les évolutions structurales dans des aciers faiblement alliés au Nickel-Chrome-Molybdène : analyse détaillée de la transformation bainitique et influence de l'addition silicium au cours du revenu“. Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112434.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePerrin, Thibaut. „Elaboration et caractérisation de revêtements base Ni, obtenus par projection, pour outils de coupe agricoles“. Thesis, Troyes, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021TROY0016.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDriven by technological and demographic development, farms have evolved and agricultural equipment has improved. The machines are heavily used and maintenance operations are limited. As cutting tools are wearing parts, their durability has become a strategic issue. The application of Cermet composite coating is then widely used industrially, in particular by flame-powder spraying. To improve the performance of the tools, this study aims to increase the resistance of this coating to the degradation mechanisms. The laser cladding technology which can applying coatings with high carbide content has great potential. A comparison is made between the two deposition technologies, then a parametric study is carried out on the powder applied by laser cladding. The effect of the composition of the NiCrBSi matrix, the bulk density of the tungsten carbide powder, its mass ratio and its particle size are studied on the physicochemical, mechanical, tribological and functional properties of the coatings. Laser technology prevents carbide decarburization, refines the matrix structure and promotes intermetallic phase precipitation over flame - powder spraying without a clear improvement in deposit strength. The parametric study showed that the use of a dense and hard carbide powder, a carbide mass content of 50% and a fine particle size improves the resistance of the coating during friction and cutting tests
Rado, Cyril. „Contribution à l'étude du mouillage et de l'adhésion thermodynamique des métaux et alliages liquides sur le carbure de silicium“. Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0039.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLi, Tong. „Etude de catalyseurs à base de carbure de molybdène pour le reformage à sec du méthane et la synthèse Fischer-Tropsch“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10213/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMolybdenum carbide catalysts have been studied in dry methane reforming (DMR) and in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS). For the DMR reaction, For the DMR, different contents of Ni promoted Mo2C/Al2O3 catalysts were investigated. The results indicated nickel increased the activity and stability of Mo2C/Al2O3 catalysts. The addition of nickel promoted the re-carburization of Mo species from oxycarbide to carbides species and led to the rapid increase of activity during reaction. The different preparation methods also had a significant influence on the nickel promoted Mo2C/Al2O3 catalysts. For FTS, different supports and different promoters have been investigated for the Mo2C based catalysts. The results suggested that alumina supported catalyst exhibited higher light olefins selectivity. Increasing the potassium contents lead to a decreased in t CO hydrogenation activities and also inhibited the water gas shift reaction. However, it obviously increased the olefins selectivity and carbon chain growth properties. At last, DMR under pressure and FTS in the presence of CH4 or CO2 were investigated. The results showed that an increase in pressure led to high carbon deposition over the catalyst surface and the addition of CH4 and CO2 in the syngas decreased the CO hydrogenation activity and affect the products distribution
Baud, Laurence. „Étude des interactions métal/SiC : application à la réalisation de contacts ohmiques pour les dispositifs électroniques en carbure de silicium“. Grenoble INPG, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPG0093.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKuhl, Sébastien. „Activation de liaisons carbone-halogène et carbone-azote par des catalyseurs de nickel(0) ligandés par un carbène N-hétérocyclique“. Nancy 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NAN10112.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work describes the preparation of new nickel catalysts liganded with N-heterocyclic carbenes for the reduction of (poly)halogenated arenes and imines and for the N,N'-diarylation of aromatic diamines. In a first part, the Ni(0)/IMes (1/2) catalyst, associated to i-PrONa, was used for the reduction of (poly)chlorinated arenes. Carbon-fluorine bonds of fluoroarenes can also be activated by the Ni(0)/IMes (1/1) catalyst and be reduced in the presence of the secondary alkoxide Et2CHONa. Transfer hydrogenation of imines into amines is also possible with this catalyst. In the second part, the development of a new nickel catalyst, noted Ni(0)/IPr (1/2), for the N,N'-diarylation of aromatic diamines is described. The synthesis of new N,N'-diaryldiamines containing a 4-[10-(4-aminophényl)-9-anthryl]aniline moiety is reported. It has been shown that the diaryldiamines possess fluorescent properties and that they were reversibly oxidized into stable di(radical cation)s
Hantzer, Sylvain. „Nouveaux materiaux pour la reaction d'hydrodesulfuration (hds)“. Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR13120.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAndré, Rémi F. „Tailored routes to metal-containing nanoparticles for hydrogenation reactions in solution : surface design for H2 activation“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2021SORUS190.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this thesis work, the use of metal-containing nanoparticles such as carbides, oxides and phosphides is explored for colloidal catalysis. In an attempt to build a Frustrated Lewis Pair (FLP)-like catalytic system for H2 activation, the synergy with a molecular Lewis base is assessed. In the bibliographic introduction, the stakes and the challenges of H2 activation in solvent are presented, with an emphasis on the use of non-purely metallic catalysts for the hydrogenation of model compounds. In the first part, early transition metal carbides and hydrides are synthesized via solid-state metathesis. The influence of process parameters is explored to tune the phase speciation in the products. The most promising carbon-supported catalysts, Mo2C/C and W2C/C, are studied for gas phase and liquid phase hydrogenations of olefins. In the second part, cerium and indium oxides are obtained via hydrothermal pathways. The relevance of oxygen defects in CeO2-x is established for H2 gas phase activation and semi-hydrogenation of phenylacetylene in solvent. The last part is dedicated to the non-aqueous syntheses of molybdenum and tungsten oxides, and nickel carbide and phosphides. The syntheses mechanisms are studied by means of NMR for the organic species and XAS and XRD for the nature of the inorganic species. The catalytic activity of the unsupported nanoparticles is finally evaluated for the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene and phenylacetylene in various solvents
Blackwood, I. P. „Investigation of nickel-silicon carbide formation“. Thesis, Swansea University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.636108.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSilva, Vasquez Katherine Lilian. „Étude par la technique d'indentation interfaciale de l'adhérence de revêtements à base Ni et WC-Co déposés par projection thermique“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10088/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAdhesion of a coating on its substrate is an important property for the use of coated materials. That is why many techniques were developed with the aim of determining this property. We use here the interfacial indentation test which makes it possible to adequately represent the rupture at the interface. One uses the load minimum necessary to create a crack at the interface to calculate the apparent toughness which represents the adhesion of the coating. ln this work, we study two coatings of NiCrSiFeBC and WC-10Co-4Cr deposited by HVOF on a steel substrate SAE 1045. The conditions of deposition are chosen to obtain various thicknesses of coating and two levels of roughness of the interface. We observed a complex mode of cracking around the indent since a network of secondary cracks appeared in the coating and along certain unmelted particles of the coating. To take into account the global mode of cracking, we introduce aIl the crack lengths into the calcuJation of the interfacial toughness. The results show that the influence of the roughness of the substrate led to various mechanical behaviors. Indeed, for the highest roughness, we obtained the best mechanical interlocking of the coating on the substrate. On another side, the thickness has apparently a weak influence on the toughness, in any case for the studied materials, this being probably related to the low level of residual stresses in the vicinity of the interfacial indent. ln conclusion, the indentation test shows once again its aptitude to study the adhesion of a coating/substrate couple
Zhu, Xiaojing. „Processability of Nickel-Boron Nanolayer Coated Boron Carbide“. Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28633.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePh. D.
Charra, Valentine. „Coordination of multidentate N-heterocyclic carbene ligands to nickel“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAF019/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe purpose of this work was the synthesis of bis-NHC (N-Heterocyclic carbene) ligands, theformation of the corresponding silver(I), copper(I) and nickel(II) complexes and the assessment ofthe catalytic activity of the bis-NHC nickel(II) complexes in ethylene oligomerization. A series of new bis-NHC silver(I) and copper(I) complexes was synthesized. Five different synthetic routes were tested for the formation of nickel(II) bis-NHC complexes. The most significant results were obtained by transmetalation from the silver(I) iodide or bromide complexes
Rosa, Lourenço de Pina Cardoso Bernardo. „Structure of cationic CNHC,Calkyl nickelacycles and their activity in the catalytic functionalization of the C–H bonds of azoles“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAF033/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis develops the study of nickel(II) complexes bearing N-heterocyclic carbene ligands (NHC) in two axes: the synthesis and characterization of nickelacyclic complexes with a carbon-carbon chelating ligand (CNHC,Calkyl); and their catalytic activity in the construction of carbon-carbon bonds (Csp2–Csp2/Csp3) of 1-chalcogene-azoles by carbon-hydrogen (C–H) bond functionalization. A series of cationic CNHC,Calkyl-Ni(II) metallacyclic acetonitrile adducts was synthetized by the removal of a cyclopentadienyl ligand from parent 18 valence electron half-sandwich nickelacycles. The cationic complexes were determined to exist as rare coordinatively and electronically unsaturated T-shaped 14 valence electron Ni(II) species, in the solid state. Application of these new complexes to the cross-coupling of benzothiazole with iodoarenes proved to be a successful strategy in Csp2–Csp2 bond formation, by the combination of a stabilizing metallacyclic scaffold with labile ligands. The discovery of a half-sandwich Ni(II)-(NHC)-(benzothiazolyl) species, inactive in the arylation of benzothiazole, but active for the cross-coupling of benzothiazole with iodoalkanes shows the first example of benzothiazole Csp2–Csp3 bond construction with a Ni(II)-NHC catalyst
Puzz, Travis Earl. „DEVELOPMENT OF A TUNGSTEN CARBIDE-NICKEL BRAZE ALLOY HARDFACE COATING“. MSSTATE, 2008. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-11082007-141548/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleElgrabli, Dan. „Toxicité et pharmacocinétique des nanotubes de carbone“. Paris 7, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00347713.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleConstituted only by carbon atoms, carnon nanotubes (CNT) are hydrophobic and hardly détectable in biological tissues. These properties make biokinetics and toxicology studies more complex. In this work, we propose to study the toxicological effect of a multi walled CNT (MWCNT) and a method to investigate the biopersistance of CNT in organism, based on detection of nickel, a metallic impurity present in the MWCNT we investigated. Our results, in rats that received 100 fig of MWCNT by a unique intratracheal instillation, reveal mat MWCNT do not induce histopathological lesions, modifications of physiological pulmonary parameters and inflammation. Moreover, MWCNT do not significantly cross the pulmonary barrier and can be eliminated by a slow mechanism. Using electonic macroscopy and infrared spectroscopy, we showed that MWCNT may be cleaved and chemically modified in the lung. Analyses of MWCNT hing clearance mechanism lead us to propose a hypothesis based on the phagocytosis, apoptosis of alveolar macrophages, possible degradation of MWCNT by alveolar macrophages, and elimination of apoptotic cells
Köksal, Sakip. „Face milling of nickel-based superalloys with coated and uncoated carbide tools“. Thesis, Coventry University, 2000. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/86a6b065-704a-475b-b805-9d3397487ddf/1.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBouts, Nicolas. „Synthèse, caractérisation, et propriétés de couches minces nanocomposites nickel/carbone et cuivre/carbone déposées par procédés plasmas“. Nantes, 2014. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=eb3adf1f-744e-4804-b413-fa80c472e4d1.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNanocomposite metal/carbon thin films, consisting of metal rich nanoparticles embedded in an amorphous carbon matrix, present specific and tunable physicochemical properties, depending on the chemical composition of thin films. The morphology and the microstructure of these materials have been explored on a wide range of chemical composition using electronic microscopy, EDX, XPS, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy. The influence of the metal nature on the nanocomposite metal/carbon thin film microstructure and electrical properties was studied for two metals : nickel and copper. The thin films were deposited using two different plasma processes : a first one combining the magnetron sputtering of the metal target (nickel or copper) and the plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition in an argon/methane gas mixture, and the other one consisting in the cosputtering of metal and graphite targets. The study of the electrical properties highlighted an electrical percolation phenomenon. The catalytic properties for the carbon nanotubes growth and the piezoresistive behavior of nickel based thin films were studies. In addition, an original method based on the selective etching of copper nanoparticles contained in nc-Cu/C thin films was developed, leading to the synthesis of nanoporous carbon electrodes
Lazarus, Michael Evan. „Development of Cobalt and Nickel N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes for Cross-Coupling Reactions“. Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40722.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHenrion, Mickaël. „Synthesis and homogeneous catalytic applications of nickel(II)-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAF057/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA detailed study has been conducted on organometallic compounds of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHC) of nickel(II), in particular on half-sandwich nickel(II)−NHC complexes. These complexes showed unprecedented catalytic activity in homogeneous catalysis, especially in the α-arylation of acyclic ketones, where catalyst loadings as low as 1 mol% could be used. Mechanistic experiments suggest that radicals are implied. Furthermore, these half-sandwich complexes proved to be efficient pre-catalysts in the hydrosilylation of carbonyl compounds and imines, allowing the reduction processes to proceed under mild reaction conditions. During the course of these studies, a half-sandwich nickel−hydride intermediate that probably acts as the true pre-catalyst was isolated. Remarkably, the synthesis of new Ni−NHC complexes led to a methodology for cyclopentadienyl ligand substitution in stable 18-electron alkyl,NHC−Ni derivatives. Finally, the use of less common NHC ligands, such as NHCs possessing a malonate backbone, or else, the use of cyclic (alkyl)(amino) carbenes, led to the isolation of new nickel−carbene complexes, which gave encouraging preliminary catalytic results
Zimmerman, Arthur Frederick. „The production and determination of mechanical properties of nanocomposite nickel silicon carbide“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0003/NQ42994.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKirian, Lewis Alexandra Katharine de. „Synthesis and catalytic applications of nickel and palladium N-heterocyclic carbene complexes“. Thesis, University of Sussex, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424203.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleStrutt, Elizabeth R. „Combustion synthesis, structure and transformation characteristics of titanium carbide-nickel titanium composites /“. Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3129952.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGovaere, Adèle. „Impact des carbures sur la variabilité des propriétés en fatigue de superalliages pour disques“. Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ESMA0020.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNowadays, original engine makers are challenged by the environmental requirements imposing drastic decrease of CO2 and NOx emissions. It leads to the development of γ/γ′ nickel-based superalloys to ensure good tensile and fatigue properties and a good oxidation behavior of turbine discs. AD730TM was elaborated for applications up to 700°C and the crack initiation and propagation mechanisms this alloy need to be investigated. Non-metallic inclusions are brittle elements that are sensitive to oxidation. They can act as stress concentration sites and can lead to crack initiation. Low cycle fatigue tests were performed at 450°C and 700°C to determine the tests conditions promoting a crack initiation from such inclusions. Fractographic analyzes revealed that inclusions lead to the specimen fracture when the environmental effects are limited and at high strain or stress ranges.In order to better understand the parameters promoting inclusions cracking, oxidation and in situ tensile tests in a SEM chamber were performed. They highlighted an important volume expansion and the cracking of niobium oxides. A stress threshold necessary to crack inclusions was also determined. To improve the fatigue tests understanding, crack propagation tests were carried out to estimate the crack initiation time according to the temperature and the stress range applied. This crack initiation time is shorter when the cracks initiate within inclusions
Matz, John E. (John Edward) 1968. „Carbide formation in a nickel-based superalloy during electron beam solid freeform fabrication“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9540.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVita.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 90-93).
The Electron Beam Solid Freeform Fabrication process involves the use of an electron beam to make near-net-shape metal parts without the need for tooling. Material in wire form is fed into a melt pool maintained on the surface of the part by the electron beam and a positioning system causes the deposition to occur in a line-by-line, layer-by-layer fashion. Solidification occurs at a high rate, forming a fine dendritic microstructure and fine dispersion of primary carbides. This structure is believed to be optimal for the manufacture and safe use of certain nickel-base superalloy parts, notably turbine disks. The growth of carbide particles from the liquid during EBSFF processing of Alloy 718 has been modeled assuming diffusion control and isolated spherical carbides. The driving force for growth is assumed to increase in a linear manner throughout the temperature range of carbide precipitation. The model predicts the maximum carbide size as a function of EBSFF operating parameters and the alloy niobium and carbon levels. For the material and conditions used experimentally in this work, the model predicts a maximum diameter of approximately I .0 [mu]m. The maximum carbide size will become an important determining factor for turbine disk performance when oxide and nitride inclusions have been eliminated through improved melt practices. To illustrate this, the low-cycle fatigue life as a function of carbide size for a standard specimen geometry was calculated. Extraction replica transmission electron microscopy of EBSFF samples identified carbides in the 300-600 nm range, consistent with a population having the predicted maximum size. Another dispersion of carbides larger than 3 [mu]m was also observed in the EBSFF samples. These are believed to be original carbides that survived the EBSFF thermal cycle without completely dissolving. More thorough dissolution can probably be obtained with EBSFF process modifications. Control material from a conventional vacuum arc remelted ingot with similar composition was also examined and plate-like carbides up to 40 [mu]m in length were noted. This is an indication of the enormous potential of the EBSFF process to refine the carbide morphology and size distribution without the need for a reduction in carbon content.
by John Edward Matz.
Sc.D.
Léglise, Mélissa. „Amélioration des propriétés mécaniques et chimiques de superalliages base nickel et base cobalt de fonderie utilisés pour le fibrage du verre fondu à 1000°C - 1100°C“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0228.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe fiberizing spinners used to produce the glass fibers undergo sizable mechanical, chemical and thermal solicitations. Therefore, this piece is degraded and must be periodically replaced. The purpose of these works is to increase the lifetime of the fiberizing spinners by improving the mechanical and chemical properties of the superalloys that constitute them. More precisely, the objective of this thesis is, in the first time, to improve the alloys used to fiberize at 1000°C, and in a second time, to find a superalloy that can fiberize at 1125°C. These works are focused on two families of superalloys: nickel-based and cobalt-based. The chemical properties are characterized by the thermogravimetry tests and the mechanical properties by 3 points flexural creep tests. For the Ni-based alloy, the influences of unwanted minority elements, Mn and Si, were studied. The mechanical properties of this alloy are subject to improvement tests by the addition titanium, zirconium, tantalum, hafnium and niobium. The aluminium addition was also experimented but with the aim of improving the chemical properties of the alloy. Finally, the studies were also driven on the addition of noble metals (Pd and Ru) and of rare earths (Y, La and Ce). Concerning the cobalt-based superalloys, the study focused on an alloy which has previously shown good general properties to be used at 1125°C and no at 1000°C. The versius with a lowered content in tantalum, without tungsten and without hafnium were studied. To close this work, the increase of nickel and a heat treatment were studied in order to improve the oxidation resistance of this second alloy
Reyes, Plascencia Carmina. „Reformage à la vapeur de Diesel sur un catalyseur de nickel-nanofilaments de carbone“. Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5849.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMennad, Abdelkader. „Préparation et caractérisation des catalyseurs au nickel et au fer-nickel : étude de leur activité catalytique dans la réaction d'hydrocondensation du monoxyde de carbone“. Lyon 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO10520.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMennad, Abdelkader. „Préparation et caractérisation des catalyseurs au nickel et au fer-nickel, étude de leur activité catalytique dans la réaction d'hydrocondensation du monoxyde de carbone“. Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375995954.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAgnelli, Miriam Eliana. „Analyse et modélisation de la désactivation de catalyseurs à base de nickel en réaction d'hydrogénation du CO“. Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO10148.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAlouche, Adel. „Propriétés du nickel déposé sur oxydes de terre rare dans la conversion d'oxydes de carbone“. Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37611265z.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZheng, Jianxia. „Earth-abundant metal complexes for catalyzed hydroelementation“. Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S148/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis research work deals with the use of the catalysts based on the earth-abundant transition metals of the first row of the periodic table, such as Mn, Fe, and Ni, for hydroelementation reactions. First of all, the hydrosilylation of aldehydes and ketones was accomplished using a simple Ni(OAc)₂ 4H₂O/PCy₃ catalytic system with the inexpensive and stable silane PMHS as the hydride source. The reductive amination of aldehydes with amines was also achieved with the same catalytic system and TMDS, as the silane. Second, the efficiency of manganese half-sandwich complex CpMn(CO)₂(IMes) was exemplified for the reduction of aldehydes and ketones in the presence of Ph ₂ SiH ₂ (1.5 equiv.) under UV irradiation at room temperature. Still with manganese, the challenging transformation of carboxylic acids to aldehydes was performed using commercial Mn₂ (CO)₁₀ and Et₃SiH. Third, the methylation of the secondary amines with dimethyl carbonate as an alternative and safe C1 source was demonstrated under mild conditions with [CpFe(CO)₂(IMes)]I as the catalyst. Then, the hydroboration of functionalized alkenes and alkynes was catalyzed by an iron(0) carbonyl complex Fe(CO)₄(IMes) under UV irradiation. Finally, the hydroboration reaction was successfully extended to the reduction of CO₂ to methoxyboranes with Fe(CO)₃[P(OPh)₃]₂ as the catalyst and the borane sources, such as HBpin, HBcat or 9-BBN
Cros, Philippe. „Synthèse de ligands chiraux hétéroatomiques : application à la création de liaisons carbone-carbone asymétriques catalysée par des complexes du nickel ou du palladium“. Université Paul Cézanne (Aix-Marseille). Faculté des sciences et techniques de Saint-Jérôme, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986AIX30050.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOhleier, Alexia. „Nickel mediated negishi and oxidative couplings“. Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30074/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this research project is to promote the formation of new C-C bonds and the production of valuable chemicals by using chelated nickel complexes. The first part of this thesis is dedicated to [nickel(bis-phosphine)] complexes employed as catalysts for Negishi cross coupling reactions. Designed Ni(0) precatalyst [(dcpp)Ni(n2-toluene)] (dcpp = 1,3-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)propane) promotes efficiently the Negishi cross coupling between aryl chlorides and phenylzinc chloride derivatives at low catalyst loadings (down to 0.2 mol% - 1 mol%) under mild conditions (THF, 60°C). Mechanistic investigations relying on stoichiometric reactions and DFT calculations prove the involvement of Ni(0)/Ni(II) intermediates rather than Ni(I)/Ni(III) species during the catalysis. The second part of this work deals with the oxidative coupling between ethylene and CO2 at bis-phosphine and bis-NHC chelated nickel complexes for the production of value-added chemicals. The equilibrium between [(dcpp)Ni(C2H4)] and [(dcpp)nickelalactone] has been investigated by kinetic studies. The subsequent cleavage of [(dcpp) nickelalactone] by pinacolborane leads to its reductive functionalization into a propanol derivative. Preliminary mechanistic and catalytic investigations have been undertaken. Moreover, new methodologies are provided for the synthesis of the first [(bis-NHC)Ni(C2H4)] and [(bis-NHC)nickelalactone] complexes
Garnier, Laurence. „Etude electroanalytique de la reduction du dioxyde de carbone par les complexes nickel 2,2'-bipyridine : application a la synthese electrochimique, catalysee par le nickel, de cetones symetriques a partir de derives halogenes et dudioxyde de carbone“. Paris 6, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA066197.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBrenner, Eric. „Nouveaux catalyseurs au nickel pour la création de liaisons carbone-azote et applications à la synthèse sélective d'arylpipérazines“. Nancy 1, 2001. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2001_0198_BRENNER.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe work described in this thesis reports the elaboration of a new nickel(0) catalyst allowing arylamination reactions starting from aryl chlorides and amines. The reagent (noted Ni/bpy) constituted of Ni(0) clusters liganded by 2,2'-bipyridine allows an efficient synthesis of a broad range of arylamines either by inter- or intramolecular process. We also showed that, contrary to palladium reagents, the Ni/bpy catalyst allowed the selective and high yielding monoarylation of diamines using stoichiometric amounts of starting materials. Efficient syntheses of N-arylpiperazines have thus been developed starting from readily available aryl chlorides. Finally, diarylation processes allowing the synthesis of symmetrical or unsymmetrical N,N'-diarylpiperazines are also described
Poulten, Rebecca. „Synthesis and reactivity of low coordinate nickel(I) complexes bearing ring expanded N-heterocyclic carbene ligands“. Thesis, University of Bath, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669038.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFadili, Kamal. „Régénération des catalyseurs modèles de vaporéformage à base de nickel désactivés par dépôt de carbone filamentaire“. Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2323.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleResch, Stefan Günter. „Dinuclear Copper and Nickel Complexes of New Multidentate N-heterocyclic Carbene Ligands: Structures, Dynamics and Reactivity“. Doctoral thesis, Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/21.11130/00-1735-0000-0005-12D5-6.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHelal, Atef Aly Mohamed. „Influence des traitements thermiques sur l'usinabilité d'un acier à bas carbone allié au chrome-nickel-molybdène“. Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37605870z.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleJohn, Gareth David. „Secondary ion mass spectrometry and resonant ionisation mass spectrometry studies of nickel contacts to silicon carbide“. Thesis, Swansea University, 2004. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42495.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBernardie, Raphaelle. „Oxydation du nickel dans le dioxyde de carbone et son revêtement par l'alumine sous plasma thermique“. Thesis, Limoges, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIMO0037/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA surface treatment process, developed for C40E steel substrates before alumina plasma spraying, has been extended to nickel substrates. As an alternative to sand blasting, nickel substrates were pre-oxidized under CO2, to create a protoxide nickel layer of controlled thickness. This oxide layer significantly increases the alumina coating adherence on nickel substrates. A kinetic study of nickel oxidation under CO2has been realized, in order to better control the nickel preoxidation. TEM investigations of alumina/nickel interfaces showed a heteroepitaxial growth of alumina on nickel monoxide, which justify the strong alumina coatings adhesion. This high adherence (around 105 MPa) has been measured using a modified tensile test (ASTM C633-13), specifically set up for pre-oxidized steel C40E substrates