Thematische Bibliographien / Carbon-free ethylene production

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Carbon-free ethylene production“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 30. November 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Carbon-free ethylene production"

Stoiljkovic, Dragoslav, Slobodan Jovanovic, Jovica Djordjevic und Budimir Damjanovic. „Decompositions in the production of low density polyethylene: Reasons, consequences and prevention“. Chemical Industry 61, Nr. 6 (2007): 357–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0706357s.

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In the production of low density polyethylene by free radical polymerization of ethylene at high pressure, ethylene and polyethylene occasionally decompose to carbon, hydrogen and methane resulting in an enormous increase of pressure and temperature. Huge explosions occur in a polymerization reactor and in other parts of the installation. In addition to the well known reasons of decompositions, in this work it is pointed out that the polymerization under critical entropy conditions is an additional cause of explosions, which has not been recognized and elaborated in scientific literature and industrial practice.

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Maqbool, Muhammad, Toheed Akhter, Sadaf Ul Hassan, Asif Mahmood, Waheed Al-Masry und Shumaila Razzaque. „Correction: Development of a chromium oxide loaded mesoporous silica as an efficient catalyst for carbon dioxide-free production of ethylene oxide“. RSC Advances 14, Nr. 1 (2024): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3ra90116e.

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Correction for ‘Development of a chromium oxide loaded mesoporous silica as an efficient catalyst for carbon dioxide-free production of ethylene oxide’ by Muhammad Maqbool et al., RSC Adv., 2023, 13, 32424–32432, https://doi.org/10.1039/d3ra05858a.

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Rosner, Fabian, Mike C. Tucker, Boxun Hu und Hanna Breunig. „Techno-Economic Analysis of Electrochemical Refineries Using Solid Oxide Cells for Oxidative Coupling of Methane“. ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, Nr. 54 (28.08.2023): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-0154322mtgabs.

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With the shift away from fossil resources, there is a need for alternative pathways to carbon-based commodities such as ethylene. The electrochemical oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) enables the synthesis of higher hydrocarbons from simple organic molecules i.e., methane and has the potential to replace conventional ethylene production in the future. However, current solid oxide OCM cell development is still in an early stage and more comprehensive system-level analyses are needed to better understand operating conditions and economics to guide research and development. For this purpose, process models and new integration strategies for the electrochemical OCM process were developed. The integration of the electrochemical OCM unit into the plant revealed to be challenging based on current solid oxide cell designs and will be discussed as part of this presentation. The performance of the OCM plant is benchmarked against current state-of-the-art ethane steam cracker plants. In this context, key performance metrics are efficiency, direct and indirect carbon dioxide emissions, power consumption, plant cost and cost of ethylene. Of particular interest are aspects of hydrogen co-production and carbon dioxide utilization as well as the impact of carbon dioxide emission factors from the grid, which have shown to be of particular importance for electrochemical processes. Moreover, critical aspects of heat integration will be discussed including fuel pre-heating, carbon deposition and thermal cell management. The analysis will provide new insights into economic cost driving factors and the impact of cell cost, current density, overpotentials and Faraday efficiency upon the cost of ethylene. Based upon this information, performance targets will be recommended that will allow electrochemical OCM to become economically competitive in a free market environment.

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Maqbool, Muhammad, Toheed Akhter, Sadaf Ul Hassan, Asif Mahmood, Waheed Al-Masry und Shumaila Razzaque. „Development of a chromium oxide loaded mesoporous silica as an efficient catalyst for carbon dioxide-free production of ethylene oxide“. RSC Advances 13, Nr. 46 (2023): 32424–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3ra05858a.

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Shukrullah, S., N. M. Mohamed, Y. Khan, M. Y. Naz, A. Ghaffar und I. Ahmad. „Effect of Gas Flowrate on Nucleation Mechanism of MWCNTs for a Compound Catalyst“. Journal of Nanomaterials 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3407352.

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Activation of the catalyst particles during a CVD process can be anticipated from the carbon feeding rate. In this study, Fe2O3/Al2O3 catalyst was synthesized with uniformly dispersed iron over alumina support for onward production of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in a fluidized bed chemical CVD reactor. The effect of the ethylene flowrate on catalytic activity of the compound catalyst and morphology of the as-grown MWCNTs was also investigated in this study. The dispersed active phases of the catalyst and optimized gas flowrate helped in improving the tube morphology and prevented the aggregation of the as-grown MWCNTs. The flowrates, below 100 sccm, did not provide sufficient reactants to interact with the catalyst for production of defect-free CNT structures. Above 100 sccm, concentration of the carbon precursor did not show notable influence on decomposition rate of the gas molecules. The most promising results on growth and structural properties of MWCNTs were gained at ethylene flowrate of 100 sccm. At this flowrate, the ratio of G and D intensity peaks (IG/ID) was deliberated about 1.40, which indicates the growth of graphitic structures of MWCNTs.

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Sengupta, Annesha, Prem Pritam, Damini Jaiswal, Anindita Bandyopadhyay, Himadri B. Pakrasi und Pramod P. Wangikar. „Photosynthetic Co-production of Succinate and Ethylene in a Fast-Growing Cyanobacterium, Synechococcus elongatus PCC 11801“. Metabolites 10, Nr. 6 (16.06.2020): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo10060250.

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Cyanobacteria are emerging as hosts for photoautotrophic production of chemicals. Recent studies have attempted to stretch the limits of photosynthetic production, typically focusing on one product at a time, possibly to minimise the additional burden of product separation. Here, we explore the simultaneous production of two products that can be easily separated: ethylene, a gaseous product, and succinate, an organic acid that accumulates in the culture medium. This was achieved by expressing a single copy of the ethylene forming enzyme (efe) under the control of PcpcB, the inducer-free super-strong promoter of phycocyanin β subunit. We chose the recently reported, fast-growing and robust cyanobacterium, Synechococcus elongatus PCC 11801, as the host strain. A stable recombinant strain was constructed using CRISPR-Cpf1 in a first report of markerless genome editing of this cyanobacterium. Under photoautotrophic conditions, the recombinant strain shows specific productivities of 338.26 and 1044.18 μmole/g dry cell weight/h for ethylene and succinate, respectively. These results compare favourably with the reported productivities for individual products in cyanobacteria that are highly engineered. Metabolome profiling and 13C labelling studies indicate carbon flux redistribution and suggest avenues for further improvement. Our results show that S. elongatus PCC 11801 is a promising candidate for metabolic engineering.

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Nanaiah, Geeta K., und Jeffrey A. Anderson. „ELECTROLYTE LEAKAGE AND EVOLUTION OF ETHYLENE AND ETHANE FROM PEPPER LEAF DISKS FOLLOWING TEMPERATURE STRESS AND FATTY ACID INFILTRATION“. HortScience 27, Nr. 6 (Juni 1992): 683a—683. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.683a.

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Electrolyte leakage (EL) and ethane:ethylene ratio (EER) responses of pepper (Capsicum annuum L. Early Calwonder) leaf disks to temperature stresses were in close agreement. Midpoints of sigmoidal response curves following freezing stress were -4.6 and -4.4C for EL and EER, and 49.0 and 48.8C following high temperature stress. Evolution of ethane and EL were measured from disks infiltrated with a saturation series of 18-carbon fatty acids ranging from 0 to 3 double bonds. Only linolenic acid (18:3 n-3) stimulated ethane production and EL. In a second fatty acid experiment with 18- and 20-carbon acids with a double bond 3 (n-3) or 6 (n-6) carbons from the nonpolar end of the molecule, n-3 fatty acids stimulated more ethane than n-6 acids with the same number of carbons. Trienoic 18-carbon fatty acids stimulated more ethane than trienoic 20-carbon acids. Both 18-carbon acids yielded significantly greater EL than controls. Propyl gallate, a free radical scavenger, reduced ethane production without decreasing EL or K+ leakage.

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Khairul Salleh, Badrul Nazahan, Nardiah Rizwana Jaafar und Rosli Md Illias. „Molecular and Interactions Modelling of PETase and Its Variant with Different Types of Crosslinker in Enzyme Immobilization“. Journal of Bioprocessing and Biomass Technology 1, Nr. 1 (22.12.2022): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/bioprocessing.v1n1.7.

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Plastics are made from non-renewable resources and due to the tremendous production of plastics nowadays, they can lead to high levels of pollution. Biodegradation of plastic by utilizing enzymatic catalytic reaction is an environmentally friendly strategy that produce less or no negative carbon footprint. PETase from Ideonella sakaiensis (IsPETase) is an enzyme that able to degrade polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a building block of plastic. However, free enzyme has several limitations such as unstable in harsh conditions and lack of reusability. One of the strategies to overcome this drawback is through enzyme immobilization that able to improve the enzymatic properties. A suitable crosslinker is very important as it would determine the interactions of the enzymatic particles. Crosslinker should be chosen before performing the enzyme immobilization and this can be accomplished by molecular docking. Thus, the purpose of this research is to determine the suitability of glutaraldehyde, chitosan, dialdehyde starch (DAS) and ethylene glycol as the crosslinker for IsPETase and its variant. Three-dimensional structure of the enzymes was built and docked with different types of crosslinkers. Binding affinity and interactions between the enzymes and the crosslinkers were analyzed and it was found that chitosan has the lowest binding affinity (-7.9 kcal/mol) and the highest number of interactions. This is followed by DAS, ethylene glycol and glutaraldehyde. By using computational analysis, suitable crosslinker for IsPETase could be determine and this would a cost-effective practice in enzyme immobilization strategy.

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Liu, Xuan, James Sievert, Mary Lu Arpaia und Monica A. Madore. „Postulated Physiological Roles of the Seven-carbon Sugars, Mannoheptulose, and Perseitol in Avocado“. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 127, Nr. 1 (Januar 2002): 108–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.127.1.108.

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Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) tissues contain high levels of the seven-carbon (C7) ketosugar mannoheptulose and its polyol form, perseitol. Radiolabeling of intact leaves of `Hass' avocado on `Duke 7' rootstock indicated that both perseitol and mannoheptulose are not only primary products of photosynthetic CO2 fixation but are also exported in the phloem. In cell-free extracts from mature source leaves, formation of the C7 backbone occurred by condensation of a three-carbon metabolite (dihydroxyacetone-P) with a four-carbon metabolite (erythrose-4-P) to form sedoheptulose-1,7-bis-P, followed by isomerization to a phosphorylated d-mannoheptulose derivative. A transketolase reaction was also observed which converted five-carbon metabolites (ribose-5-P and xylulose-5-P) to form the C7 metabolite, sedoheptulose-7-P, but this compound was not metabolized further to mannoheptulose. This suggests that C7 sugars are formed from the Calvin Cycle, not oxidative pentose phosphate pathway, reactions in avocado leaves. In avocado fruit, C7 sugars were present in substantial quantities and the normal ripening processes (fruit softening, ethylene production, and climacteric respiration rise), which occurs several days after the fruit is picked, did not occur until levels of C7 sugars dropped below an apparent threshold concentration of ≈20 mg·g-1 fresh weight. The effect of picking could be mimicked by girdling the fruit stalks, which resulted in ripening on the tree. Again, ripening followed a decline in C7 sugars to below an apparent threshold level. Taken together, these data indicate that the C7 sugars play important roles in carbon allocation processes in the avocado tree, including a possible novel role as phloem-mobile ripening inhibitors.

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Zhang, Lei, Chunjiang Liu, Yang Jia, Yidan Mu, Yao Yan und Pengcheng Huang. „Pyrolytic Modification of Heavy Coal Tar by Multi-Polymer Blending: Preparation of Ordered Carbonaceous Mesophase“. Polymers 16, Nr. 1 (04.01.2024): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16010161.

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In order to achieve the high-value utilization of heavy tar for the production of enhanced-performance graphite foam carbon, the carbon mesophase was ready from the heavy component of low-temperature coal tar, and the coal tar was modified by styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), polyethylene (PE) and ethylene-vinyl-acetate (EVA) copolymers. The order degree of the carbonite mesophase was analyzed using a polarizing microscope test, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction to screen out the most suitable copolymer type and addition amount. Furthermore, the mechanism of modification by this copolymer was analyzed. The results showed that adding SBS, PE and EVA to coal tar would affect the order of carbonaceous mesophase; however, at an addition rate of 10.0 wt.%, the linear-structure SBS copolymer with a styrene/butadiene ratio (S/B) of 30/70 exhibited the optimal degree of ordering in the carbonaceous mesophase. Its foam carbon prepared by polymer modification is the only one that forms a graphitized structure, with d002 of 0.3430 nm, and the maximum values of Lc and La are 3.54 nm and 2.22 nm, respectively. This is because, under elevated pressure and high-temperature conditions, SBS underwent chain scission, releasing a more significant number of methyl and other free radicals that interacted with the coal tar constituents. As a result, it reduced the affinity density of heavy coal tar molecules, enhanced fluidity, promoted the stacking of condensed aromatic hydrocarbons and increased the content of soluble carbonaceous mesophase, ultimately leading to a more favorable alignment of the carbonaceous mesophase.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Carbon-free ethylene production"

Guillon, Morvan. „Développement de matériaux pour le couplage de la valorisation de CO2 avec l'électrolyse haute température (HTE) pour la production d'éthylène“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAF026.

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La production de l’éthylène est un enjeu énergétique majeur du XXIème siècle. La réaction du couplage oxydant du méthane permet la production d’éthylène à partir de méthane et d’oxygène. Cette réaction présente ainsi un intérêt particulier puisqu’elle permet la production d’éthylène en s’affranchissant d’une dépendance aux matières premières pétrolières, principalement utilisées pour la production de l’éthylène. Dans cette étude l’objectif est de développer un matériau en vue d’une insertion à l’anode d’un électrolyseur haute température pour produire de l’éthylène décarboné à partir de CO2. Après une étape de réduction à la cathode de ce même électrolyseur, du méthane peut être produit avec la technologie et power-to-methane. Le méthane est ainsi injecté à l’anode de l’électrolyseur pour effectuer la réaction du couplage oxydant du méthane. Les matériaux développés dans ce travail doivent donc répondre aux caractéristiques associées à une bonne anode et doivent agir comme catalyseur de la réaction du couplage oxydant du méthane. Ainsi la synthèse et la caractérisation d’oxydes mixtes ont été réalisées. L’activité des catalyseurs a été évaluée à l’échelle du laboratoire en variant les paramètres opératoires pour déterminer les conditions optimales pour obtenir le meilleur rendement en éthylène. Des optimisations de synthèses, avec des ajustements des compositions et des dopages, ont été réalisées pour obtenir la meilleure performance catalytique dans le cadre du couplage oxydant du méthane
Ethylene production is a major energy challenge for the 21st century. The oxidative coupling of methane reaction enables ethylene to be produced from methane and oxygen. This reaction is therefore of particular interest as it enables ethylene production without dependence on petroleum feedstocks, which are mainly used for ethylene production. The aim of this study is to develop a material for insertion in the anode of a high-temperature electrolyzer to produce decarbonated ethylene from CO2. After a reduction step at the cathode of the same electrolyzer, methane can be produced using power-to-methane technology. Methane is injected at the anode of the electrolyzer to carry out the oxidative coupling of methane reaction. The materials developed in this work must therefore meet the characteristics associated with a good anode and act as a catalyst for the oxidative coupling of methane reaction. Mixed oxides were synthesized and characterized. The activity of the catalysts was evaluated on a laboratory scale, varying the operating parameters to determine the optimum conditions for delivering the best ethylene yield

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