Dissertationen zum Thema „Caractérisation supramoléculaire“
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Safou-Tchiama, Rodrigue. „Caractérisation physico-chimique stabilité supramoléculaire et réactivité chimique de quelques essences tropicales“. Bordeaux 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR13095.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTharcis, Marion. „Synthèse et caractérisation d'assemblages supramoléculaires organisés par liaisons hydrogène dans l'eau“. Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066058.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMouchaham, Georges. „Architectures supramoléculaires à structures ouvertes fondées sur la liaison hydrogène : élaboration, caractérisation structurale et propriétés de sorption“. Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1703/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe project developed in this PhD thesis focuses on the design of porous supramolecular frameworks showing interesting sorption properties. The aims of this work were: i) to synthesize porous supramolecular materials by hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) assembling, ii) to investigate their crystal structures and iii) to study, when they are porous, their sorption properties. The materials have been prepared under mild conditions associating preformed anionic metallotectons (the H-bonds acceptors) through cationic organic molecules (the H-bonds donors by means of N-H+ groups) via charge assisted H-bonds. In this work, different types of association involving anionic metal-oxalate building blocks ([Al(Ox)3]3-, [Zr(Ox)4]4- with Ox = C2O42-) and organic cations (imidazolium and pyridinium derivatives) have been achieved. Thus, several supramolecular architectures have been obtained. The influence of experimental parameters on supramolecular arrangements has been explored. The effect such as solution concentration, reactant stoichiometry, solvent nature and mixture temperature has been determined. Then, intrinsic modifications (i. E. Number and nature of the donor/acceptor H-bonds sites as well as additional bulky groups) have been applied on building blocks and their impact has been further evaluated. This has successfully afforded several porous molecular materials showing 10 % to 54 % of accessible void volume. The material showing the highest porosity presents a 3D chiral architecture endowed by large channels (11 Å of diameter). Interestingly, this compound is able to host a wide range of guest molecules (acidic molecules, halogenated molecules, metal ions. . . ). Moreover, it shows promising results regarding chemical reaction inside its cavities
Roulon, Thibaut. „Formation, caractérisation et applications des minicercles d'ADN“. Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066561.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBonin, Audrey. „Conception, synthèse et caractérisation d'un monomère pour la fabrication de nanostructures de type capsules“. Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/5355.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAtmanene, Cédric. „Nouvelles perspectives pour l’analyse et la caractérisation structurale de complexes biologiques par spectrométrie de masse supramoléculaire“. Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA6148.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSupramolecular mass spectrometry, also called native or noncovalent MS, is a biophysical technique which becomes increasingly involved in studies aiming at characterizing interactions between biomolecules. With the aim of extending the potentialities of this approach for the characterization of more complex biological assemblies, this PhD thesis has been structured around three research axes:• Automation of chip-based nanoelectrospray ionization MS experiments: by combining high-throughput analyses with reduced sample consumption, our developments show that native MS is a powerful approach for protein/ligand and protein/protein complexes characterization as well as for the screening of ligand libraries. • Characterization of protein/RNA complexes: development of well-suited analytical strategies has allowed us to expand the applications of native MS to this kind of complexes, highlighting the possibilities to get information on their binding stoichiometry, their structural dynamics as well as their interaction networks. • Coupling ion mobility spectrometry with mass spectrometry: our methodological developments have allowed us to reach an additional level in the characterization of biological complexes with the possibility to distinguish between conformers and to measure collision cross sections of biomolecules. This PhD thesis demonstrates the versatility of native MS as showed by the diversity of complexes which can be studied (protein/ligand, protein/protein, protein/oligonucleotide, etc. ), as well as the diversity of information which can be obtained (binding stoichiometries, binding specificities, binding affinities, structural and conformational dynamics, etc. )
Ehrhart, Jérôme Nicolas. „Conception, synthèse et caractérisation d’architectures moléculaires auto-assemblées à base de [1. 1. 1. 1]métacyclophane“. Strasbourg, 2009. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2009/EHRHART_Jerome_Nicolas_2009.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleConception of metallo-organic molecular networks has been considered by an iterative process of self-assembly between programmed molecular building blocks, also called tectons. This iterative recognition can, as a function of the geometric properties of the different tectons, be translated in one, two or three dimensions of space to form networks, or finite supramolecular species. Thus, the desired final self-assembled species resulting from self-assembly process could have predetermined structural and physical properties if the tectons are correctly chosen. On the basis of an organic [1. 1. 1. 1] metacyclophane skeleton type, adopting a 1,3 alternated blocked conformation, three main families of organic tectons have been synthetised to generate, by self-assembly with various metal salts transition, crystalline materials with desired properties. The two first families of tectons were developed to generate self-assembled molecular architectures with large free volume, useful feature in the target application: the porosity. The third family was designed in the same goal with the additional possibility to generate directionnal networks and eventually polar crystals…[etc. ]
Jaquillard, Lucie. „Spectrométrie de masse supramoléculaire : caractérisation de l'intéraction non-covalente entre PEBP1/RKIP humaine et des analogues de nucléotides“. Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00923153.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBonnefous, Monique. „Contribution à la caractérisation des biovecteurs supramoléculaires, les BVSM : études de leurs interactions cellulaires et biodistributions animales“. Paris 11, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA114858.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMoretti, Florian. „Synthèses de nouveaux podants et coilants bipyridines-alpha-cyclodextrine et caractérisation de leurs complexes métallo-supramoléculaires“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0343/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFirstly, this work describes the synthesis methodology toward new bipyridines-bis-α-cyclodextrins coilants with two or three bipyridine units for the achievement of tetra- or octahedral coordinant systems. The reactivity has been studied and key molecules have been synthesisedthanks to our laboratory's methodologies. Sedondly, the synthesis of a new tris-bipyridines-α-cyclodextrin podand has also been performed and its complexation properties with transition cations have been studied by UV-visible spectroscopy and circular dichroism. The highly chiral helix geometry has also been resolved in the case of some metal podendates with borderline transition metals
Basuyaux, Gaëtan. „Synthèse de caractérisation d'assemblages supra-macromoléculaires chiraux à base de métaux de transition“. Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS186.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSupramolecular polymers bring dynamic behavior in solution, which is impossible with discrete species. Chirality coupled to supramolecular assemblies brings novel challenging properties to these systems. The PhD research work presented in this manuscript deals with the synthesis and characterization of two families of molecules: bis-urea and benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide (BTAs). Solution behavior and chiral transfer studies on bis-urea functionalized by a [Pt(C^Ntbu^Ntbu)]+ chromophore were limited due to their low solubility in non-polar solvents. Nevertheless π-π and Pt•••Pt interactions were revealed by UV-vis, luminescence and TD-DFT computational studies in polar solvents. On the other hand, some chiral BTAs were functionalized by several organic groups such as imidazole, pyridine or indole (respectively BTA His, BTA Pyr, and BTA Trp), to allow coordination to a metal center. The metal-free supramolecular polymers were characterized by FT-IR, SANS, CD and XRD, and the impact of the metal centers (Ag(I),Cu(I), Ru(II)) was studied by FT-IR and CD spectroscopy. Remarkably strong association among BTA Trp monomers was observed in apolar solvent (toluene, methylcyclohexane), and generates very long one-dimensional supramolecular polymers. The assembly is stabilized by a double hydrogen bond network, one of which involves the indole N-H group
El, Hamoui Omar. „Caractérisation et développement d'une matrice d'hydrogel supramoléculaire pour la culture cellualire 3D : vers un bio-indicateur de l'effet de nanoparticules manufacturées“. Thesis, Pau, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PAUU3064.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe project of this thesis involves the development of alternative methods to conventional cell cultures called two-dimensional (2D), which are limited in terms of representativeness of the native cell behavior, and to animal models which are facing socio-scientific issues leading to reduce their use. The present work focuses on a series of studies implying the application of a new matrix based on supramolecular hydrogels for three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures. The consortium of researchers involved in this project is interested in supramolecular gelling agents based on nucleic acid chemistry. In a first step, some potential molecules have been studied at the fundamental level in order to deepen our understanding of the thermodynamic and kinetic mechanisms underlying the supramolecular gelation process.The candidate matrices were then characterized in order to obtain a biocompatible support with optimal physico-chemical properties, particularly in response to the specificities of the 3D culture of glioblastoma cells. In parallel to this study, the cell model was refined in order to improve the reproducibility of the results by developing a cell sorting method, allowing the selection of a homogeneous subpopulation of stem cells among the total population of cancer cells studied.Once validated, this new 3D cell culture method was used to study the effects of manufactured silver nanoparticles. In this perspective, it is necessary to be able to link the characteristics of the nanoparticles to their impact on the tumor spheroid. The strategy to address this issue is divided into several steps: 1) determination of the state of the nanoparticles in the culture medium; 2) study of the diffusion of the nanoparticles within the culture matrix; 3) implementation of methods to monitor the evolution of the biological system in the presence of nanoparticles.This multidisciplinary work in the fields of supramolecular chemistry, cell culture and analytical chemistry was carried out within a consortium of partners from the universities of Bordeaux, Limoges and Pau. They open the way to further studies on the effect of these nanoparticles through a new bio-indicator
Bivaud, Sébastien. „Cages auto-assemblées riches en électrons : synthèse, caractérisation et propriétés d'inclusion“. Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00995375.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleJaabar, Ilhem Lilia. „Surface characterizations to investigate osteoarticular mesenchymal tissues : new insights to monitor the extracellular matrix remodeling at the supramolecular level“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2022SORUS145.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA connective tissue is a cooperative set of differentiated cells entangled in an extracellular matrix (ECM). The latter, which is particularly abundant, is composed mainly of proteins, such as collagens, and a viscous gel made up of water and negatively charged polysaccharides: proteoglycans. All connective tissues undergo a constant renewal of their ECM, thus preserving the integrity and properties of the tissue. Disturbances in ECM remodeling, in terms of composition or supramolecular structure, can have a significant impact on tissue integrity and biomechanical properties, leading to dysfunction and the development of pathologies. However, ECM remodeling is often studied by standard biochemical techniques that do not provide information at the supramolecular scale. Probing the organization of the ECM at this scale can contribute significantly to the understanding of the nature of the biological and physicochemical processes involved in pathological ECM remodeling. To this end, we have developed an original methodological approach allowing the characterization of biological tissues by surface characterization techniques such as AFM and XPS.In a first study, AFM was used to study the effect of the UV/riboflavin cross-linking procedure on the structure and mechanical properties of diseased shoulder capsules, which are mainly composed of type I collagen fibrils. The results show that the cross-linking procedure modified the biomechanical properties of the diseased capsules, increasing tissue stiffness without altering the structure and cell viability.In a second study, we investigated the remodeling of human articular cartilage ECM during OA. To do so, we characterized the composition, structure and mechanical properties at different degrees of OA severity by XPS and AFM. The results revealed 2 phases: (1) a repair attempt, and (2) an irreversible degradation of the cartilage. Moreover, structural modifications similar to those observed in osteoarthritic cartilage were observed on non-osteoarthritic samples treated with enzymes. Our work has thus highlighted the central role of homeostatic balance in the progression of OA.In a third study, a range of molecular, biochemical and physicochemical characterization techniques were used to determine the mineralization dynamics and ECM modifications during hypertrophic differentiation of chondrocytes. This study showed that hypertrophic differentiation of prehypertrophic chondrocytes induces ECM remodeling that precedes mineralization. Chemical analyses further revealed that the newly formed minerals are weakly crystallized hydroxyapatite. Chemical mapping also reveals the presence of phosphorus-rich cellular debris. The latter seem to be generated by the increasing apoptosis of chondrocytes
Bivaud, Sébastien. „Cages auto-assemblées riches en électrons : synthèse, caractérisation et propriétés d'inclusion“. Phd thesis, Angers, 2012. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00995375.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe metal-driven self-assembly methodology has afforded a large panel of molecular polygons (triangle, square,. . . ) and polyhedrons (cubes, prisms,. . . ). Nevertheless, very few of them are electro-active and none presents an electron-rich cavity. The topic of this thesis concerns the synthesis and characterization of the first examples of metal-based self-assembled electron-rich molecular cages, as well as the study of their capacity to include various molecular substrates. These new self-assembled discrete structures incorporate redox-active walls based on the tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) moiety, a well-established unit known as a redox modulator for varied molecular / supramolecular architectures. On this ground, several synthetic routes to various new ligands incorporating this unit (or derivatives such as BPTTF or exTTF) and two or four coordinating moieties have been developed. Electronic properties (spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry) as well as structural features (DFT calculation, X-ray diffraction) of these systems have been determined and allow to anticipate their self-assembly behavior. The metal-driven self-assembly methodology was applied to these ligands from various metal complexes. A molecular triangle was characterized and demonstrates an excellent ability to bind a complementary electrodeficient molecule (C60). In addition, tetratopic ligands allowed the access of the first examples of TTF-based cages (prisms, cubes,. . . ), with electron-rich cavities. These architectures have been characterized through various spectroscopic methods (eg DOSY, FTICR,. . . ) and in some cases by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Finally, the capacity of this new type of cavities to include varied molecular guests is discussed
Tonelli, Giovanni. „Systèmes organisés à base de molécules hybrides lipide-nucléotides pour la délivrance des acides nucléiques“. Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR22097/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGene therapy is a molecular medicine and a very powerful tool for the treatment of several diseases such as inherited disorder and cancer. Nucleic acids must penetrate into cells in order to interact with their genetic material. Currently the main limitation to the application of this treatment towards clinics is the lack of robust, safe and efficient gene delivery vectors. The two major classes of vectors are those based on recombinant viruses and those based on non-viral systems. Viral vectors are the most efficient and used in several clinical trials, however they can elicit a strong immune reaction and they possess high cost of production. Non-viral vectors are less immunogenic and can be easily produced on a large scale. A large variety of both cationic lipids and polymers have been developed due to their ability to interact spontaneously with negatively charged nucleic acids to form complexes. However these positively charged complexes can present some toxicity due their non-specific interaction with cell membranes and seric proteins. This is the main limitation for their clinical use. For this purpose, new vectors, neutral or anionic, have to be developed in order to diminish the cytotoxicity and increase the circulation time. Nucleotide-lipids (NLs) are bio-inspired amphiphilic hybrid molecules composed of a hydrophilic nucleotidic moiety and a hydrophobic lipophilic moiety. These molecules are able to self-assembly to form supramolecular structures which possess particular physico-chemical properties due to the chemistry of their polar head. These molecules can interact with a nucleic acid by Watson-Crick base pair interactions, however they are not sufficiently strong to form a stable complex that can be used for a biological application. A new chemical family of hybrid amphiphile, amino acid-nucleotide-lipids (ANLs), has been developed in order to increase the interactions and the stability of the complex thank to the presence of the amino acid on the polar head. Herein, we have synthesized novel amino acid-nucleotide-lipids, presenting phenylalanine (or glycine) and thymidine residues and saturated (dimiristoyl) or unsaturated (dioleoyl) diacyl glycerol lipid. The morphology and the structural organization of the supramolecular objects formed by these molecules was studied by dynamic light scattering (DLS), cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). These studies allowed investigating the relation between the chemical structure and the physic-chemical properties. The amino acids, inserted at the 5′ position of the nucleotide-lipids, stabilize multilamellar systems, whereas unilamellar vesicles are formed preferentially in the case of nucleotide-lipids. Both NLs and ANLs exhibit weak interactions with complementary polyA RNA as revealed by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) investigations, however they are not sufficiently strong to form a stable complex that can be used for a biological application. The use of multivalent cations, such as Ca2+, which bridge the phosphate groups on the lipid polar heads with those of the backbone of nucleic acids, to form ternary complexes, has been investigated by SAXS. Finally, a structural study, by DLS and cryo-TEM of NLs aggregates in aqueous solutions as a function of ionic strength and surfactant concentration, has been conducted in order to investigate the different morphologies of the systems
Kenfack, Tsobnang Patrice. „Synthèse, caractérisation et étude du comportement à la déshydratation par diffraction des rayon X sur monocristal et poudre, de quelques composés supramoléculaires à base de métallo-tectons ioniques“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0243/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work, realized under the IUCr initiative, framework involves the structural study via X-ray diffraction, of some heteromolecular architectures formed by the association through non-covalent bonds, between the tris (oxalato) chromate (III) and tris (oxalato) ferrate (III) anions {[M(C2O4)3]3-, M = Cr, Fe} and the cationic complex of the 2-picolylamine (amp) and transition metal (Co2 +, Cu2 + and Mn2 +). Co2 + ion builds two-dimensional corrugated layers made of bimetallic chiral chains where the two different complex ions ([Cr(C2O4)3]3- and [Co(amp)3]3 +) are connected by hydrogen bonds. These layers, connected by weak hydrogen interactions, host between them, water molecules which build dodecameric clusters having new characteristics. The dehydrated compound has different structure and color and is able to quickly reabsorb water molecules from surrounding to regenerate the initial compound despite that it has no pores. Several cycles of this process do not seriously affect the crystalline quality of this compound. The compound obtained with the Cu2 + ion also has a two-dimensional framework. Their layers are formed between the dimeric cation [Cu2 (amp) 4Cl]3 + and the anion {[M(C2O4)3]3-,M = Cr, Fe}. Both compounds are iso-structural; their frameworks are formed via π - - - π interactions and build 1D channels which contain water molecules forming hexameric clusters. The compound undergoes a phase transition between 100 K and the dehydration temperature (341K). During this dehydration, a loss of symmetry of the compound is recorded and rehydration process is more difficult than for cobalt(III)-framework. The use of Mn2+ ions does not give the expected architecture but a new coordination polymer
Belaouaied, Karima. „Conception, synthèse et caractérisation de nouveaux matériaux supramoléculaires“. Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2004. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4631.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDelample, Mathieu. „Edifices supramoléculaires dans le glycérol : caractérisation et application en catalyse“. Poitiers, 2010. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2010/Delample-Mathieu/2010-Delample-Mathieu-These.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis PhD work deals with the use of glycerol as a green and sustainable solvent. The main objective is to show that glycerol can be used as a solvent first, to obtain supramolecular buildings (cohesive solvent) and emulsions using an organic phase and then, to develop a catalysis in unconventional conditions (high boiling point and low vapour pressure). The first part consists in the study of aggregation properties using fatty acids as surfactants. By changing the nature of the counter-ion, these molecules allow producing various supramolecular assemblies such as micelles, vesicles and even tubes. In glycerol these aggregates show a smaller size compared to water. Those dispersions were then used in the formation of liquid crystal phases and emulsions with hexadecane as the oil component. In a second part, in order to develop selective catalytic processes in glycerol, we have synthesized new sugar-based surfactants. They are capable to (i) circumvent the low solubility of organic substrates in glycerol and (ii) limit the intrinsic reactivity of glycerol through the formation of hydrophobic domains. In one model reactions studied (Heck coupling), it is possible, by a control of temperature, to change the reaction selectivity. This allows us to envisage the synthesis of more valuable products. The selective extraction of the products formed in glycerol has been studied using supercritical CO2 mainly because the glycerol is poorly soluble in this solvent
Pembouong, Gaëlle. „Caractérisation de polymères supramoléculaires hiérarchiques à base de cyclodextrines fonctionnalisées“. Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS005/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMolecular systems with nanometer-sized dimensions are involved in a wide variety of processes and biological functions. Understanding the mechanisms controlling their multi-lengthscale structure presents a major interest. For instance, despite this challenge, there is so far no reliable synthetic system forming well-defined tunable fibrillar objects with a monodisperse diameter in aqueous solution. The aim of this work is to develop a tool box of di-functionalized cyclodextrins (CDs) specifically designed to self-assemble into supramolecular rods that could then reach higher levels of hierarchy via interactions mediated by the secondary functionalization. The study of the first level of association of these compounds by viscosimetry, ITC and SANS showed that the use of bridged CDs allows the polymerization by suppressing the self-inclusion phenomenon. As a result, we developed two tunable cationic supramolecular polymers (SMP) based on functionalized β-CD with relatively high polymerization degrees. Their ability to form hierarchical SMP with rigid polyanionic species was then assessed by DLS, spectroscopy and cryo-TEM. In optimized concentration and charge ratio conditions, three different water-soluble hierarchical assemblies were formed. We showed that the first level of association and the high directionality of the secondary interactions are key parameters to achieve these stable, well-defined, hierarchical assemblies. These tunable structures will be therefore used as a platform to get greater insight into hierarchical assembling processes
Pembouong, Gaëlle. „Caractérisation de polymères supramoléculaires hiérarchiques à base de cyclodextrines fonctionnalisées“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMolecular systems with nanometer-sized dimensions are involved in a wide variety of processes and biological functions. Understanding the mechanisms controlling their multi-lengthscale structure presents a major interest. For instance, despite this challenge, there is so far no reliable synthetic system forming well-defined tunable fibrillar objects with a monodisperse diameter in aqueous solution. The aim of this work is to develop a tool box of di-functionalized cyclodextrins (CDs) specifically designed to self-assemble into supramolecular rods that could then reach higher levels of hierarchy via interactions mediated by the secondary functionalization. The study of the first level of association of these compounds by viscosimetry, ITC and SANS showed that the use of bridged CDs allows the polymerization by suppressing the self-inclusion phenomenon. As a result, we developed two tunable cationic supramolecular polymers (SMP) based on functionalized β-CD with relatively high polymerization degrees. Their ability to form hierarchical SMP with rigid polyanionic species was then assessed by DLS, spectroscopy and cryo-TEM. In optimized concentration and charge ratio conditions, three different water-soluble hierarchical assemblies were formed. We showed that the first level of association and the high directionality of the secondary interactions are key parameters to achieve these stable, well-defined, hierarchical assemblies. These tunable structures will be therefore used as a platform to get greater insight into hierarchical assembling processes
Soumaré, Sadia. „Conception, synthèse et caractérisation d'élastomères supramoléculaires et photo-modulation des propriétés mécaniques“. Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6049.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLuo, Ming. „Synthèse et caractérisation de nanoparticules d'or greffées par le glutathion réduit en vue de l'obtention de réservoirs d'oxyde nitrique“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0179.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous messenger playing numerous physiological roles, especially in the cardiovascular system. However, its bioavailability is limited due to a short half-life. The combination to thiols increases its stability and facilitates its storage and transport. Thus NO donor drugs represent a promising therapeutic approach in such diseases. The present study aimed at developing NO reservoirs. Firstly, serum albumin (SA) was S-nitrosated through three chemical pathways to prepare SA-SNO. Then, potential NO reservoirs with high loading capacity were developed by anchoring reduced glutathione (GSH) to dihydrolipoic acid capped gold nanoparticles, AuNP@DHLA. The obtained AuNP@DHLA-(GSH)n showed stronger antioxidant power and they will be able not to disturb the cell homeostasis. Its further poly-S-nitrosation will benefit from the S-nitrosation of SA as both macromolecular possess free thiols. In parallel, citrate ions stabilized AuNP were entrapped in multilayer polyelectrolyte films using layer-by-layer (LbL) assemblies, providing proof-of-concept of multilayer films as a useful tool to protect AuNP from degradation and increase the cyto/hemocompatibility toward biological elements. The present work opens the window to S-nitrosate AuNP@DHLA-(GSH)n either as a colloidal solution or immobilized in the multilayer system, which is expected to be applied into developing of NO eluting stent for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases
Ferron, Laurent. „Synthèse, caractérisation et utilisation de cyclopeptides chiraux dans la formation de complexes supramoléculaires“. Rouen, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ROUES012.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work describes the synthesis of chiral cyclopeptides and the study of their uses in host-guest associations. First, the synthesis of pure enantiomers of a,a-disubstituted glycines derived from a-methyl-a-phenylglycine has been realized. The absolute configuration of this aminoacid derivative has been revisited. This work shows that complexation of the 5-methyl-5-paratolylhydantoine with permethylated b-cyclodextrine occurs with high enantioselectivity. Aminoacids have been protected and then, the efficiency of the coupling with several other residues has been evaluated. The synthesis of cyclic octapeptide cyclo(Gly-(R)-MPG)4 and cyclic nonapeptide cyclo(b-Ala-(Gly-(S)-(aMe)Phg)3-Gly-(S)-MPBrG) has been effected with a global yield of 13%. The cyclization of peptides HCl,H-(Gly-(R)-MPG)n-OH (n=2,4) has been performed via either cyclodimerization or ring closure of linear octapeptide. This work shows that when hindered aminoacids are involved in peptide cyclization, the use of phosphonium salts is recommended. In fact, aminium salts can react with the N-terminal amino component leading to a guanidino derivative. The chemical synthesis of cyclic peptides is more challenging than that of linear peptides. It is usually carried out in highly diluted solution (10-3-10-4M), however we have showed that more concentrated conditions can be used. To the best of our knowledge, both the first solvent-free synthesis of cyclic peptides and in ionic liquids were performed
Charlot, Aurélia. „Assemblages supramoléculaires à base de hyaluronane modifié chimiquement : synthèse et caractérisation physico-chimique“. Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE10187.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe work described in this manuscript deals with the synthesis and the physical-chemistry characterization of new supramolecular assemblies based on a natural polysaccharide, hyaluronan (HA). The assemblies result from the blend of complementary modified polymers and more precisely from specific multivalent interactions between host molecules, β-cyclodextrins (β-CD) and guest molecules, hydrophobic adamantanes (AD), each being grafted on HA chains. Two different systems were prepared to estimate the influence of the junction energy. The resulting mixtures are stabilized either by single inclusion β-CD/AD complexes or by pairs of inclusion complexes. Calorimetric titration experiments allowed to analyse the inclusion properties of host and guest molecules and macromolecules. The aqueous behaviour of modified polysaccharides and the viscoelastic properties were studied by flow and dynamic rheology. These assemblies are sensitive to external parameters such as salt concentration, polymer concentration, temperature and addition of competitive host molecules. They are transient networks and their dynamic is mainly controlled by the number and the exchange rate of effective inclusion complexes as well as by the mobility of HA chains
Busseau, Antoine. „Synthèse et caractérisations de nouveaux penta(organo)[60]fullerènes pour la formation d’assemblages supramoléculaires“. Thesis, Angers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ANGE0033/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe unique structure and properties of fullerenes have attracted wide interest especially in electronic and optoelectronic fields. In this context, a variety of mono-and poly-fullerene adducts have been described for theirs interest in the development of new complex materials and supramolecular polymers. Here, we present the synthesis and studies of new donor-acceptor supramolecular polymers based on penta(organo)[60]fullerenes. The perfect regioselectivity of the [60]fullerene pentafunctionalization reaction has provided us a singular conical structure formed by five ethynylaryl fragments. To this structure different electro and/or photoactive fragments (tetrathiafulvalene or zinc-porphyrin) were covalently linked using five simultaneous 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions. The formed host-cavity together with the donor-acceptor properties of these system allow their assembly by supramolecular interactions. We have realized the synthesis of these penta(organo)[60]fullerenes as new donor-acceptor materials and the studies of their remarkable supramolecular arrangement in solution and solid state
Baillargeon, Pierre. „Conception, synthèse et caractérisation d'assemblages supramoléculaires stabilisés par ponts hydrogènes nanotubes organiques et capsules moléculaires“. Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2008. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/5107.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBonnet, Guillaume. „Synthèses et caractérisations de fils moléculaires isolés“. Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR13215.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHocquelet, Céline. „Etude de dérivés de molécules cages : synthèses et caractérisations de plateformes moléculaires“. Orléans, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ORLE2077.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBernat, Valérie. „Caractérisation de systèmes mixtes α-cyclodextrine/lipide lyotrope“. Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA114821.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this work, the aim was to investigate the interactions between two families of molecules which can be individually organizing a wide variety of supramolecular assemblies. The first family is the cyclodextrins which are known for their ability to form host-guest inclusion complexes with a wide variety of organic and inorganic compounds, changing most of chemical and physical properties of the guest molecules. The second family is the polar lipids which are known for their ability to organize spontaneously into a wide variety of supramolecular assemblies including liquid crystalline structures of different topologies such as a cubic, hexagonal or lamellar structures, micelles, microemulsions and vesicles. We were more particularly interested in buildings formed from two types of lipids having several properties of solubility in water: the first is a non-ionic alkyl glycosides, the octyl β-D-glucopyranoside, and, the secondly is polar lipids of class II, the phosphatidylcholine
Florent, Tiphaine. „Caractérisation d’inhibiteurs d’anhydrase carbonique IX, études de complexes supramoléculaires et interactions moléculaires par résonance plasmonique de surface“. Thesis, Lille 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL2S057/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCarbonic anhydrase (CA) IX expression is increased upon hypoxia and has been proposed as a therapeutic target since it has been associated with poor prognosis, tumor progression and pH regulation. A new class of human carbonic anhydrase IX (hCA IX) inhibitors, diarylpyrazole sulfonamide derivatives, has been synthesized in our team. These compounds have a very limited water solubility which limits their pharmaceutical development. The complexation with cyclodextrins (CDs) offers the possibility to improve their solubility without affecting their original structure and has proved to be one of the most effective. The studies of the complexes formed between our compounds and various CDs have been performed, in order to choose the most appropriate CD. We investigate by NMR and capillary electrophoresis the complexes formed between six original diarylpyrazole sulfonamide derivatives and six CDs (native -, - and - CDs, hydroxypropylated HP--CD, methylated Me--CD or amino NH2--CD) at physiological pH. Futhermore, as these compounds have a chiral center, it was essential to separate their enantiomers and verify their optical purities before envisaging the study of their pharmacological activity. The enantiomeric purification was performed by three separative methods, the high performance liquid chromatography, the supercritical fluid chromatography and the capillary electrophoresis. This study permit to obtain optically pure compound in order to determine affinity of carbonic anhydrase. To determine the affinities of derivatives with isoforms, we performed first a comparison of three label-free methods for quantitative assessment of binding strength between carbonic anhydrase II and sulfonamides derivatives. The formation constants have been determined by surface plasmon resonance, isothermal titration calorimetry and thermal shift assay, which characterize the interaction between two partners. This study was useful to select and to validate the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) for the molecular interaction between carbonic anhydrases and all our derivatives. Affinities of sixteen compounds for three carbonic anhydrase isoforms (CA II, IX and XII) were then determined by SPR. These compounds have nanomolar affinities for three isoforms. Two compounds have affinities with great interest for the isoform CA IX, and a good selectivity CA IX versus CA II and should be considered as lead compounds. Additionally, some of optically pure compounds have shown an enantioselectivity for the AC isoforms
Bayat, Parisa. „Spectrométrie de masse en tandem pour l'étude des énergies de liaison de complexes "hôte-invité" et l'élucidation structurale d'oligosaccharides“. Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS108.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn advancing host-guest (H-G) chemistry, considerable effort has been spent to synthesize host molecules with specific and well-defined molecular recognition characteristics including selectivity and adjustable affinity. An important step in the process is the characterization of binding strengths of the H-G complexes. This characterization is typically performed in solution using NMR or fluorescence. Gas-phase investigation of energetics of H-G systems is of great importance in providing information regarding their intrinsic binding properties. The major portion of this thesis is devoted to the study of the energetics of H-G complexes formed by three hemicryptophane cage hosts with various biologically-relevant guest molecules. Among the existing tandem mass spectrometry-based techniques, here we employ blackbody infrared radiative dissociation (BIRD), low-energy collision induced dissociation (low-energy CID), higher-energy collision dissociation (HCD) and high-pressure CID for measurements of energetics of H-G complexes. These techniques were used either alone, or in combination with each other, or with Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel–Marcus (RRKM) modeling. This work has allowed us to develop the low-energy CID, a promising technique, but so far infrequently used
Godeau, Guilhem. „Amphiphiles bioinspirés dérivés d'acides nucléiques : synthèses, caractérisations et études“. Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR21628/document.
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Gao, Di. „Synthèse, caractérisation et applications de corroles steriquement encombrés“. Ecole centrale de Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ECDM0014.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTrolliet, Cédric. „Caractérisations physico-chimiques et études théoriques de cristaux moléculaires poreux synthétisés par la stratégie de la tectonique moléculaire“. Lyon 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO10161.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIzzet, Guillaume. „Modèles supramoléculaires de cupro-enzymes à site mononucléaire : synthèse, caractérisation et réactivité de complexes basés sur des calix[6]arènes“. Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112216.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe goal of this thesis is to develop a biomimetic mononuclear system of copper monoxygenases based on a calix[6]arene structure. The behavior of cupric complexes, from a first generation of ligands, has been studied in oxidation catalysis. This study showed thatthese complexes have a catalytical activity. However, they did not present a particular selectivity towards the substrates tested. A structural study showed that these ligands could stabilize complexes of various nuclearities in presence of bridging anionic ligands. The cause of the structural diversity is due to the important flexibility of the ligands associated with the repulsion between the anionic ligands and the calixarene. In order to protect the cupric ion from the external medium, a new generation of ligands named calixcryptands has been developed. The copper complexes of 3 calixcryptand ligands presenting different electronic properties were studied. The cupric complexes are excellent receptors of neutral molecules. The metal ion of each complex is maintained in very similar geometries. The cuprous complexes resulting from these ligands presented very singular behaviors especially concerning their affinity for various guest molecules (nitriles, CO, O2). A cuprous complex had a very inusual reactivity towards dioxygen. This reaction led to the decoordinationof the superoxide and the oxidation of the ligand. This preliminary study constitutes the first example of oxygen activation by a single copper center
Gallois-Montbrun, Delphine. „Elaboration et caractérisation d’édifices supramoléculaires mixtes cyclodextrine/lipide : cristallogénèse et analyse structurale de complexes d’inclusion, nano-assemblages de dérivés covalents“. Amiens, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AMIE0120.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis work treats with the preparation of cyclodextrin and lipid based self assembled nanomaterials and its characterisation from the micro level down to the atomic level. Two different strategies have been developed for the sake of nanomaterial preparation. The first one consisted of the preparation of non covalent inclusion complexes where alpha-cyclodextrins were host molecules for single chained lipids. Four different columnar structures have been identified for the latter complexes using powder X-ray diffraction techniques. It was found that these nanomaterial structures are influenced by the i) lipid hydrocarbon chain length ii) the nature of the polar head group and iii) crystallisation conditions such as temperature of complexation reaction or crystallization kinetics. It was also shown that the compactness of the molecular structure is also a function of the hydration state of the complex (amount of bound water molecules in the structure). The characterisation of single crystals of some of those inclusion compounds, using both neutron and X-ray diffraction, permitted the determination of the molecular structure and hence the description of hydrogen bounds in the structure. The second strategy employed the synthesis of covalently bound fatty acids onto the primary face of bêta-cyclodextrin. In this fashion, statistically substituted amphiphiles have been obtained. Their capacities to self assemble in the aqueous phase for the formation of nanoparticles has been determined after their composition and degree of purity had been established. Finally the formulation condition permitting stable aqueous dispersions have been developed
Herbois, Rudy. „Synthèses et caractérisations de nanoparticules métalliques stabilisées en phase aqueuse par des polymères en présence de cyclodextrines : hydrogénation catalytique de composés issus de la biomasse“. Thesis, Artois, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ARTO0407/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSince the beginning of the 90s, nanotechnology has experienced a significant development. In catalysis, in particular, metallic nanoparticles have attracted a growing interest due to their properties at the interface between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. At the same time, chemical reactions regarding the environment were the focus of a growing interest. To answer these environmental considerations, metallic nanoparticles (ruthenium and rhodium) synthesized in aqueous media were used, under mild conditions (temperature and pressure) for the hydrogenation of water-soluble biomass derivatives (furfural or 5-hydroxymethylfurfural) or insoluble (3-(2-furyl)acrolein). Among the different stabilizing agents, the use of cyclodextrins associated with water-soluble polymers was particularly studied. Cyclodextrins could be used in mixtures polymer/cyclodextrin, or in cyclodextrins polymers in two and three dimensions for the nanoparticles synthesis. Throughout this thesis, the various roles of cyclodextrine in these systems will be shown (crosslinking agent of polymers, stabilizing, dispersing or growth controlling agent of the nanoparticles and also phase transfer agent in biphasic catalysis)
Basit, Hajra. „Interfaces fonctionnelles pour l'immobilisation de protéines membranaires : concept, caractérisation et applications“. Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00685163.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleImaz, Inhar. „Sur la mise en oeuvre de composés de coordination tétraédriques pour l'élaboration d'architectures supramoléculaires nanoporeuses : synthèse, caractérisation et propriétés zéolitiques d'édifices hétérométalliques ou hybrides“. Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010844.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleImaz, Inhar. „Sur la mise en œuvre de composés de coordination tétraédriques pour l'élaboration d'architectures supramoléculaires nanoporeuses : synthèse, caractérisation et propriétés zéolitiques d'édifices hétérométalliques ou hybrides“. Bordeaux 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR12956.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDjidi, Dalila. „Synthèse et caractérisation de nouveaux réseaux polymériques thermoréversibles à base d'acide poly-lactique grâce aux interactions dynamiques“. Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STET4010/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the current context to constantly improve the properties of polymer materials as well as their environmental impact, the research on polymers is increasingly focused on biobased and biodegradable polymers. The aim of this work consists on the synthesis and development of new polylactic acid-based thermoreversible networks. This thermoreversible character is ensured thanks to dynamic interactions such as hydrogen bonds and the reversible Diels-Alder reaction. In a second time, a biomolecule was conjugated to the polymer and was used as a hydrogen bonds generator. This allowed the production of a wide range of materials with varied reversibility temperatures and unique properties such as self-healing ability. For some samples, the reversibility temperatures were approaching the human body temperature
Obounou, Akong Firmin. „Composés amphiphiles originaux à propiétés gélifiantes : synthèse et caractérisations physico-chimiques. Application à la formulation de produits de préservation du bois hydrosolubles“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0188/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBiomaterials hydrogel or organogel obtained from low molecular weight molecules give rise to an increasing interest both in terms on the fundamental and application domain. The work outlined here, aims to synthesize amphiphilic compounds with structural changes in order to establish relationships between the structure of these compounds and their gelling properties. We were asked to synthesize compounds (bimodular and trimodular) with and without cause polyoxyethylene type junction between the peptide and the hydrophobic unit. In a second step, other gelling amphiphilic molecules were prepared by substituting the polyoxyethylene pattern derived by an entity glycerol, allowing to obtain compounds from renewable sources but also to diversify the source of raw materials. The target compounds were obtained and their behavior in solution has been studied by different techniques (tensiometry, conductivity, infrared,...). Some of them, with gelling properties, associated with boron salts have been used to preserve the wood material (Scots pine). The tests proved conclusive in terms of reducing the leaching of boron as tests with Poria placenta (mushroom) grown on an agar medium or with Reticulitermes flavipes (termite) showed that wood treated with the association "borax-hydrogel" is protected even after leaching
Giraudon--Colas, Gaël. „Caractérisation multiéchelle d'assemblages d'hémoglobine : de l'adsorption sur les nanoparticules aux gels nanocomposites Protein−Nanoparticle Interactions: What Are the Protein−Corona Thickness and Organization? In Situ Analysis of Weakly Bound Proteins Reveals Molecular Basis of Soft Corona Formation“. Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASF011.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNanocomposite protein gels are still an underdeveloped subject in the literature despite many applications ranging from enzyme immobilization to prostheses to food gels. The protein ensures the gel biocompatibility while the addition of the nanoparticles will modulate the gel mechanical properties. We decided to focus on chemically cross-linked hemoglobin gels doped with nanoparticles. Hemoglobin (Hb) was chosen for its high abundance and its oxygen binding properties. The gels will be obtained by crosslinking with glutaraldehyde (GTA), a very reactive dialdehyde. The gels will be doped with silica nanoparticles (NP) in order to understand the effect of doping with model nanoparticles on the gel. The first part of the work will focus on the hemoglobin adsorption on silica nanoparticles in order to resolve the remaining unknowns on this phenomenon, which has already been studied. The adsorption isotherms as well as the activity of the adsorbed hemoglobin will be measured. The structures of the heme, globin and the Hb/NP assembly will be studied in details. Subsequently, works will focus on gels without and with nanoparticles in order to respectively elucidate the effects of gelation and doping. We will determine the concentrations of Hb, GTA and NP to obtain a gel. Then, as with the Hb/NP assemblies, we will look at the activity and structure of Hb (heme and globin).The structuring of the gel will also be studied. Works on the gel elastic properties will also be carried out and we will finish on the dynamics of the gelled protein. When possible, the concentration effect for the different components will be determined. For all these studies, a large panel of conventional technics to characterize proteins or gels was used. Many experiments have been performed in synchrotrons and neutron research centers (radiation scattering, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, circular dichroism). Electronic paramagnetic resonance, rheology or electron microscopy, which are more accessible technics have also been employed. The most innovative aspects of this work were the effect of adsorption on heme and the understanding of the gelled protein structure, two aspects that had not been addressed until now
Gruia, Letitia M. „Synthèse et caractérisation de complexes métalliques avec le ligand 2,2'-biimidazole et son dérivé 1,1'-diméthyl-2,2'-biimidazole“. Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6561.
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