Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Capability assessment according to VDA 5“

The article describes technical specification requirements of the international ISO / TS 16949 related to measurement systems assessment. These requirements were confronted with specific customer requirements (CSR) of the VW group included in the VDA 5 manual. On an example of a company from the automotive industry, authors presented the main differences in the two approaches to the same problem and the resulting consequences arising during external audits performed by customers and certification bodies.

Assessment index system for safety capability of mine team leaders is established to assess their safety capability accurately, after defining its concept. The system is comprised of two layers, with 5 indexes in the first-layer and 14 indexes in the second-layer. Furthermore, the relative weights of indexes are determined by analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The grey relational assessment model for safety capability of mine team leader is constructed based on the indexes system. The safety capability of 4 mine team leaders are assessed by the model, according to the sequences in their safety capabilities. Assessment for safety capability based on AHP and GRA could be a tool for evaluation and decision-making in mining enterprises.

PT. Jasa Cendekia Indonesia is a company engaged in the field of recruitment, training and consulting in the provision of human resources. Currently PT. Jasa Cendekia Indonesia has more than 500 outsourcing employees, puts hundreds of Indonesians into the job market and serves more than 30 multinational companies, of course companies need systems that are able to manage and carry out company work operations. This research study aims to conduct an assessment of Information Technology Governance at PT. Jasa Cendekia Indonesia which focuses on the DSS01 domain (manage operations) is measured using the Capability Level in the Cobit 5 Framework. The results obtained from this assessment are needed as an evaluation and input for improvements to Information Technology Governance at PT. Jasa Cendekia Indonesia in the future. The level of ability of PT. Jasa Cendekia Indonesia in the DSS01 process is at a value of 2.80 while the expected level of ability is at level 3 (established process). The recommendation to reach level 3 is expected to be implemented to improve the performance of PT. Jasa Cendekia Indonesia according to the DSS01 process.

Success in providing information services can provide a positive impact to the organization that is in accordance with the expectations of stakeholders. Therefore, the application of IT governance, especially for academic information systems need to be monitored and evaluated to ensure that the entire mechanism of IT management goes according to plan, objectives and business processes. The evaluation also should not only be done in the early stages of a system implemented, but should also be done regularly. The methodology in this study using the COBIT 5 framework that begins with those identified and mapped to the COBIT 5 processes selected. We then measured against these processes to determine the level of the current process capability and also carried out targeting the expected level of capability. Process capability level gap analysis of current and expected conducted to determine the extent to which improvements should be made to these processes. Recommendations for improvement of these processes is based on the COBIT framework 5. Results of this research is assessment and targeting capability level 5 COBIT 5 process were selected as well as recommendations for improvement of IT services activities.

The information has an important role in improving the business operation and serving the decision-making process. The emerging of e-commerce and e-government require more frequent data exchanges included sensitive data. This study will focus on looking at the portrait of the Directorate General of Tax (DGT) in planning and building the ability to enforce IT governance, especially those related to information security. In addition, this research can also be used as a DGT basis for continuous improvement. We use the ISGM capability model to combine COBIT 5 and ISO 27001 as an approach to measure the capability of organizations in governing and manage their information security. We found that DGT’s information security governance and management capability at overall is at level well defined. Almost of ISGM building blocks has been established according to tailor-made policy and standard. With this capability level, DGT’s ISGM could contribute to the business as shown in several DGT’s program. But, to get optimal value from ISGM DGT need to improve the capability level, especially related to organizational aspects like alignment with business strategies and resource management.

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The robustness of the high-speed rail transportation network is closely related to the passenger transportation efficiency, and is also a concrete manifestation of the anti-jamming capability of the high-speed railway transportation system. By the end of 2017, the business mileage of Chinese high-speed railway has reached 25,164 km, the number of passengers has reached 175.216 million, accounting for 56.8% of railway passenger traffic; the number of passenger turnover has reached 587.56 billion person-km, accounting for 43.7% of railway passenger traffic turnover.As of 2018 On December 4th, the country operate 4,251 high-speed railway trains every day. At the same time, passenger transportation efficiency of high-speed railways is highly susceptible to sudden events such as natural disasters. Therefore, quantitative assessment of anti-jamming capability of high-speed railway network, and the propose of specific improvements, are of great practical significance to improve passenger transport efficiency, enhance scientific decision-making high-speed rail transport infrastructure investments.</p><p>This paper used the the high-speed train running data on December 4, 2018 to analyze the work.Its high-speed railway network schematic is shown in Figure 1.</p><p>The Scale-free property of networks means that the node degree of networks obeys power-law distribution. It is generally believed that scale-free networks exhibit robustness against random faults and vulnerability to deliberate attacks. In this paper, the regularity of node degree change is expressed by distribution function P(k). As shown in the degree distribution of double logarithmic coordinate system as shown in Figure 2, the network has a great goodness of fit and better obeys power law score.That is to say, the network is a scale-free network.</p><p>In this paper, random attacks and deliberate attack simulations are used to observe the condition of the structure of China's high-speed railway network, and in order to measure the robustness of high-speed rail network. Among them, the formula refers to random delete a node from the network; deliberate attack is to delete nodes according to their importance. Attack strategies for node degree and intermediate centrality are used to determine which nodes are selected for each simulated attack (the lower the importance, the smaller the impact on the network). According to the three attack strategies for the high-speed railway transportation network, experiments are carried out to carry out continuous simulation attacks on the network: in each time, a node in the network and all its connected edges are deleted, the relative average shortest path and average clustering coefficient of the network at this time are counted. And the degree of fragmentation, looping until all nodes in the network are deleted, that is to say, the network is completely invalid. In Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the X axis represents the number of attack nodes, and the Y axis represents the current network structure feature metric.</p><p>It can be seen that the intentional attack based on the centrality of node mediation has the most serious damage to the network, that is, in other word, the state of splitting and crashing of the network.. For deliberate attacks, China's high-speed railway transport network is very fragile, and attacking nodes with high intermediary centrality value is the most destructive to China's high-speed railway transport network. Therefore,in order to ensure the normal operation of passenger transport we need to focus on ensuring the stability of the sites with the highest intermediary value. This paper ranks the sites according to the value of intermediary centrality. Figure 6 shows the top 10 sites in China's high-speed rail transport network with centrality as intermediaries.</p>

This study was conducted to assess highly pathogenic Beauveria bassiana isolates to be used in biocontrol and to determine their potentials as mycopesticide. For this purpose, two B. bassiana isolates, which were locally isolated from T. urticae, were chosen. Firstly, three suspensions were investigated at the degree of humidity of 65 ± 5% and 100% RH. Secondly, these strains were selected according to their tendency to mass production, tolerance to UV radiation, and capability of producing spore at the different temperatures. Finally, identification of the selected isolate was performed by using ITS rDNA analysis. Both tested fungal isolates were pathogenic to the T. urticae. Mycelial growths of isolate AT076 at 20°C and 30°C were found to be greater than isolate AT007. It was observed that isolate AT076 had more spore production with 1.61 × 107 spore/disc at 30°C and 44.33% germination after UV radiation for 15 min. The numbers of spores per 5 mm disk area for isolates AT076 and AT007 were found to be 1.2 × 106 and 1.0 × 106. These results show that isolate AT076 was more virulent and more UV-tolerant and had higher tendency to mass production compared to isolate AT007 against T. urticae. As a result of this study, isolate AT076 can be used in the biocontrol as mycopesticide.

The performance of general circulation models (GCMs) in a region are generally assessed according to their capability to simulate historical temperature and precipitation of the region. The performance of 31 GCMs of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) is evaluated in this study to identify a suitable ensemble for daily maximum, minimum temperature and precipitation for Pakistan using multiple sets of gridded data, namely: Asian Precipitation–Highly-Resolved Observational Data Integration Towards Evaluation (APHRODITE), Berkeley Earth Surface Temperature (BEST), Princeton Global Meteorological Forcing (PGF) and Climate Prediction Centre (CPC) data. An entropy-based robust feature selection approach known as symmetrical uncertainty (SU) is used for the ranking of GCM. It is known from the results of this study that the spatial distribution of best-ranked GCMs varies for different sets of gridded data. The performance of GCMs is also found to vary for both temperatures and precipitation. The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Australia (CSIRO)-Mk3-6-0 and Max Planck Institute (MPI)-ESM-LR perform well for temperature while EC-Earth and MIROC5 perform well for precipitation. A trade-off is formulated to select the common GCMs for different climatic variables and gridded data sets, which identify six GCMs, namely: ACCESS1-3, CESM1-BGC, CMCC-CM, HadGEM2-CC, HadGEM2-ES and MIROC5 for the reliable projection of temperature and precipitation of Pakistan.

The Széchenyi Chain Bridge is a 170-year-old historical structure located in the downtown of Budapest. The superstructure of the bridge was reconstructed several times in its history and currently the renewal process of the bridge is under consideration. According to the current plans main girders, chain elements and cross-girders will remain the old structure and the deck system will be replaced by a new orthotropic steel deck. The Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Department of Structural Engineering was involved in the design process and in the assessment of the remaining elements’ condition within the last 5 years. During the project authors were faced with numerous specific important and challenging structural problems, modelling specialties, advanced design methods and research interest. The main part of these unusual characteristics come from the layout of the historical structure, long time traffic and corrosion problems. One of the most important questions during the structural analysis is the condition and rotational capacity of the pins between the chain elements. The chain system is more than 100 years old and the rotational capacity of the pins is questionable due to corrosion and friction. This phenomenon significantly influences the static behaviour of the chain elements and the whole suspending system. The current paper presents the numerical and on-site experimental program on the investigation of the rotational capacity of the pins. A second important question was related to the condition of current deck system. Significant corrosion damage was observed on the steel stringers which might cause damage or local collapse of the bridge deck under public transportation loads. Advanced numerical model using probabilistic analysis (FORM) and measurement based corrosion models are applied to make a risk assessment of the deck system's capability to maintain and keep the current traffic on the bridge before the deck will be replaced. Via this bridge inspection and investigation project the authors would like to demonstrate the application of advanced numerical modelling based design techniques and the industrial application of research models for lifetime assessment and risk analysis of historical structures.

According to the IHO (International Hydrographic Organization) S-44 standard, hydrographic surveys can be carried out in four categories, the so-called orders—special, 1a, 1b, and 2—for which minimum accuracy requirements for the applied positioning system have been set out. These amount to, respectively: 2 m, 5 m, 5 m, and 20 m at a confidence level of 0.95. It is widely assumed that GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) network solutions with an accuracy of 2–5 cm (p = 0.95) and maritime DGPS (Differential Global Positioning System) systems with an error of 1–2 m (p = 0.95) are currently the two main positioning methods in hydrography. Other positioning systems whose positioning accuracy increases from year to year (and which may serve as alternative solutions) have been omitted. The article proposes a method that enables an assessment of any given navigation positioning system in terms of its compliance (or non-compliance) with the minimum accuracy requirements specified for hydrographic surveys. The method concerned clearly assesses whether a particular positioning system meets the accuracy requirements set out for a particular IHO order. The model was verified, taking into account both past and present research results (stationary and dynamic) derived from tests on the following systems: DGPS, EGNOS (European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service), and multi-GNSS receivers (GPS/GLONASS/BDS/Galileo). The study confirmed that the DGPS system meets the requirements for all IHO orders and proved that the EGNOS system can currently be applied in measurements in the orders 1a, 1b, and 2. On the other hand, multi-GNSS receivers meet the requirements for order 2, while some of them meet the requirements for orders 1a and 1b as well.

The diploma thesis deals with the capability assessment of an optical coordinate measuring machine according to VDA 5. The capability assessment is an effective tool for deciding whether the evaluated measuring machine is capable for the intended use and under which conditions its use is possible. The theoretical part of the thesis is devoted to the analysis of coordinate measuring machines, with a closer focus on a subset of optical measuring machines and the analysis of their capability assessment procedures. In the practical part of the thesis, the selected procedure is applied on the specific measuring machine Micro-Vu Sol 311. The main contribution of this thesis is a description of the possibilities of the considered coordinate measuring machine for its further use in the educational process at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of Brno University of Technology.

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is an expanding collection of concepts and tools which have been attributed with transformative capabilities within the Architecture, Engineering, Construction and Operations (AECO) industry. BIM discussions have grown to accommodate increasing software capabilities, infinitely varied deliverables, and competing standards emanating from an abundance of overlapping definitions attempting to delineate the BIM term. This chapter will steer away from providing its own definition of BIM yet concurs with those identifying it as a catalyst for change (Bernstein, 2005) poised to reduce industry’s fragmentation (CWIC, 2004), improve its efficiency (Hampson & Brandon, 2004) and lower its high costs of inadequate interoperability (NIST, 2004). In essence, BIM represents an array of possibilities and challenges which need to be understood and met respectively through a measurable and repeatable approach. This chapter briefly explores the multi-dimensional nature of the BIM domain and then introduces a knowledge tool to assist individuals, organisations and project teams to assess their BIM capability, maturity and improve their performance (Figure 1). The first section introduces BIM Fields and Stages which lay the foundations for measuring capability and maturity. Section 2 introduces BIM Competencies which can be used as active implementation steps or as performance assessment areas. Section 3 introduces an Organisational Hierarchy/Scale suitable for tailoring capability and maturity assessments according to markets, industries, disciplines and organisational sizes. Section 4 explores the concepts behind ‘capability maturity models’ and then adopts a five-level BIM-specific Maturity Index (BIMMI). Section 5 introduces the BIM Maturity Matrix (BIm³), a performance measurement and improvement tool which identifies the correlation between BIM Stages, Competency Sets, Maturity Levels and Organisational Scales. Finally, Section 6 introduces a Competency Granularity Filter which enables the tailoring of BIM tools, guides and reports according to four different levels of assessment granularity.

The local buckling of pipelines under external pressure is comprehensively addressed in section 5 of DNV-OS-F101 Rules for Submarine Pipeline Systems. The equations used, calculate the plastic and elastic components to give an overall collapse pressure. These equations include factors that are controlled by the pipe manufacturer. A key feature of the collapse design formula is that the compressive yield stress of UOE pipes is de-rated by 15 per cent through the use of a fabrication factor, αfab. This de-rating is used to account for the Bauschinger effect caused by the pipe forming process, in particular the final expansion. It is well documented that the cold forming (compression & expansion) and light heat treatment can have a beneficial effect on the compressive strength, leading to higher fabrication factors for UOE linepipe. DNV-OS-F101 states, “The fabrication factor may be improved through heat treatment or external cold sizing (compression), if documented”. The standard does not specify what documentation or quality control is required at the pipe mill to ensure every pipe length has the same collapse resistance to allow the increase in fabrication factor. Tata Steel Tubes Europe (Energy), together with Williams Field Services and Det Norske Veritas have recently concluded a technology qualification process, according to DNV-RP-A203 (Qualification Procedures for new Technology), with the specific aim of detailing the documentation and Quality Control needed to satisfy the requirements of DNV OS F101. This would then allow the use of increased fabrication factors in deepwater linepipe design. A key part of the technology qualification was the an extensive testing program that included small-scale compression tests, full-scale collapse tests and the newly developed ring collapse test procedure, which can be utilised as part of the mill quality control system for more representative assessment of the collapse resistance of linepipe material. This paper presents the systematic qualification process; including pipe manufacture, quality control and verification. It also presents some of the key mill capability requirements for producing deepwater UOE linepipe and additional factors that should be considered when optimising for local buckling resistance. Using this approach collapse pressures of above 585bar were achieved for a 457mm diameter × 31.75mm UOE pipe, equivalent to installation depths of over 5000m.

Dynamic mechanical properties are critical in the evaluation of materials with viscoelastic behavior. Various techniques, including dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), rheology, nanoindentation, and others have been developed for this purpose and typically report complex modulus. Each of these techniques has strengths and weaknesses depending on sample geometry and length scale, mechanical properties, and skill of the user. In many industry applications, techniques may also be blindly applied according to a standard procedure without optimization for a specific sample. This can pose challenges for correct characterization of novel materials, and some techniques are more robust to agnostic application than others. A relative assessment of dynamic mechanical techniques is important when considering the appropriate technique to use to characterize a material. It also has bearing on organizations with limited resources that must strategically select one or two capabilities to meet as broad a set of materials as possible. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the measurement characteristics (e.g., precision and bias) of a selection of six dynamic mechanical test methods on a range of polymeric materials. Such a comprehensive comparison of dynamic mechanical testing methods was not identified in the literature. We also considered other technical characteristics of the techniques that influence their usability and strategic value to a laboratory and introduce a novel use of the House of Quality method to systematically compare measurement techniques. The selected methods spanned a range of length scales, frequency ranges, and prevalence of use. DMA, rheology, and oscillatory loading using a servohydraulic tensile tester were evaluated as traditional bulk techniques. Determination of complex modulus by beam vibration was also considered as a bulk technique. At a small length scale, both an oscillatory nanoindentation method and AFM were evaluated. Each method was employed to evaluate samples of polycarbonate, polypropylene, amorphous PET, and semi-crystalline PET. A measurement systems analysis (MSA) based on the ANOVA methods outlined in ASTM E2782 was conducted using storage modulus data obtained at 1 Hz. Additional correlations over a range of frequencies were tested between rheology/DMA and the remaining methods. Note that no attempts were made to optimize data collection for the test specimens. Rather, typical test methods were applied in order to simulate the type of results that would be expected in typical industrial characterization of materials. Data indicated low levels of repeatability error (<5%) for DMA, rheology, and nanoindentation. Biases were material dependent, indicating nonlinearity in the measurement systems. Nanoindentation and AFM results differed from the other techniques for PET samples, where anisotropy is believed to have affected in-plane versus out-of-plane measurements. Tensile-tester based results were generally poor and were determined to be related to the controllability of the actuator relative to the size of test specimens. The vibrations-based test method showed good agreement with time-temperature superposition determined properties from DMA. This result is particularly interesting since the vibrations technique directly accesses higher frequency responses and does not rely on time-temperature superposition, which is not suitable for all materials. MSA results were subsequently evaluated along with other technical attributes of the instruments using the House of Quality method. Technical attributes were weighted against a set of “user demands” that reflect the qualitative expectations often placed on measurement systems. Based on this analysis, we determined that DMA and rheology provide the broadest capability while remaining robust and easy to use. Other techniques, such as nanoindentation and vibrations, have unique qualities that fulfill niche applications where DMA and rheology are not suitable. This analysis provides an industry-relevant evaluation of measurement techniques and demonstrates a framework for evaluating the capabilities of analytical equipment relative to organizational needs.