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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Calcul intermittent“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Calcul intermittent"
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Julia Patrick Engkasan, Chua Li Shun und Farooq Azam Rathore. „Bladder drainage options for people with spinal cord injury: A Mini-Review“. Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 73, Nr. 10 (13.09.2023): 2123–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.23-77.
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Neurogenic bladder is one of the negative consequences following a spinal cord injury (SCI). SCI patients who have neurogenic bladder depend on alternative methods to drain urine from their bladder. These include indwelling catheters, reflex voiding , suprapubic tapping and intermittent catheterisation. This review summarizes evidence from the literature of five selected complications (renal failure, urinary tract infections, calculi, urethral stricture, and bladder cancer) that could result from use of the different bladder drainage methods. There is inconsistent evidence to support the superiority of intermittent over indwelling catheterisation on risk of renal impairment, urethral stricture, and renal calculi. Indwelling catheterisations are associated with higher risk of bladder calculi and cancer. Caution needs to be taken when interpreting this review, as many of its findings are from retrospective studies, and more than a decade old. Clinicians need to communicate the evidence to their patients when making the decision on method of bladder drainage. Keywords: Rehabilitation Catheterisation Incontinence Urology Paraplegia Renal failure.
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Yang, Yongjin, Muchun Zhang, Hongjiao Yu, Jinguo Wang, Junyan Liu, Kaixing He und Jialin Gao. „Percutaneous nephrolithotomy and retroperitoneal laparoscopy in treatment of retrocaval ureter with right renal and ureteral calculi: a case report“. Journal of International Medical Research 48, Nr. 9 (September 2020): 030006052094791. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060520947917.
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Retrocaval ureter is a rare disease associated with abnormal embryonic development. Here, we describe a patient who exhibited retrocaval ureter complicated by renal and ureteral calculi, which were treated by percutaneous nephrolithotomy combined with retroperitoneal laparoscopy. A 64-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of intermittent back pain that had been present for more than 10 years. During hospitalization, he was diagnosed with retrocaval ureter, right renal calculi, and right ureteral calculi with right hydronephrosis; he underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy combined with retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery. After the operation, his condition was stable and he exhibited good recovery. Our findings in this case suggest that percutaneous nephrolithotomy combined with retroperitoneal laparoscopy is a suitable option for the treatment of retrocaval ureter with renal and ureteral calculi.
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Stojanovic, Dragos, Mirjana Stojanovic, Predrag Milojevic, Zorica Caparevic, Djordje Lalosevic und Dragan Radovanovic. „Strategies for endoscopic and surgical management of common bile duct stones“. Medical review 56, Nr. 1-2 (2003): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns0302069s.
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Introduction Common bile duct calculi represent a pathologic entity involving obstructive icterus, cholangitis, hepatic cirrhosis or pancreatitis. Common bile duct calculi mostly have a secondary origin (from gallbladder) in 95% of cases, while primary choledocholithiasis is rare. Classification From surgical aspect, common bile duct calculi can be: 1. Asymptomatic, without manifested symptoms or signs,2. Mobile, with intermittent biliar obstruction and disobstruction, 3. Fixed, with obstruction and signs of hepato-biliary and/or bilio-pancreatic duct, 4. Transitory, microcalculi which pass through Vater's Papilla by propulsion into duodenum with symptoms. Discussion Modern biliary surgery includes diagnosis of common bile duct calculi, and if possible preoperative endoscopic (endoluminal) surgery, which is less invasive for patients. If such approach is not possible, it is necessary to perform stone extraction and cholecystectomy. Conclusion Common bile duct calculi represent a common disease of the digestive system. Endoscopic diagnostic procedure is very important in management of choledocholithiasis Endoscopic treatment of common bile duct calculi prior to cholecystectomy is a method of choice and a strategy for associated cholecysto-choledocholithiasis.
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Ali, S. K. Sekendar, Aritra Chatterjee und Narendra Nath Mukhopadhyay. „A huge right staghorn renal calculi: a case report of inevitable open surgery“. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 11, Nr. 1 (30.12.2022): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20223667.
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Staghorn renal calculi in a developing country, very often associated with insidious growth, late presentation, complication & recurrence, present an economic burden to the patient & challenge to the treating surgeon. A 70 years old male patient presented to the surgery dept. of our medical college with chief complaints of intermittent pain in right side of abdomen since 4 years, with increased frequency for last 5 days & radiating to back, non-radiating to groin, had h/o intermittent low grade fever and 3-4 times hematuria. Right sided pyelolithotomy done and a huge staghorn calculi that is extending into renal calyces is removed. Post operatively patient uneventful. In the last few decades, with improvement in endourological surgery, the indications for open surgery in stone diseases have become rare, although open surgery still has a role in selected cases such as complex stone burden, renal anatomic complications.
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Shrivastava, Nikita, Priyank Bhargava und Gautam Ram Choudhary. „Endourological management of ureteric stump syndrome“. BMJ Case Reports 16, Nr. 9 (September 2023): e255126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2023-255126.
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A man in his 50s presented with right flank pain and intermittent haematuria for 15 days. He was evaluated and diagnosed to have bilateral staghorn renal calculi with left poorly functioning kidney. He underwent right kidney stone clearance followed by laparoscopic left simple nephrectomy. Postoperatively, he developed recurrent urinary tract infections. On evaluation, non-contrast CT of the abdomen revealed calculus in left ureteral stump and he was diagnosed to have ureteric stump syndrome. He underwent ureteroscopy which revealed multiple stump calculi and complete stone clearance was achieved. Currently, the patient is asymptomatic and doing well after a follow-up of 1 year.
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Barroso, U., R. Jednak, P. Fleming, J. S. Barthold und R. González. „Bladder calculi in children who perform clean intermittent catheterization“. BJU International 85, Nr. 7 (24.12.2001): 879–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1464-410x.2000.00625.x.
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Freeman, Hugh J., Andrew Seal und David Li. „Laminated Intestinal Calculi – A Rare Complication of Crohn's Disease“. Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 9, Nr. 1 (1995): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1995/763256.
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A 59-year-old male with a 36-year history of Crohn's disease and repeated resections for small intestinal strictures developed anemia and symptoms of an intermittent partial bowel obstruction. Barium studies showed recurrent small intestinal strictures as well as filling defects in a dilated loop proximal to a stenosed segment. Subsequent abdominal films and a computed tomographic study suggested laminated radiopaque calculi with peripheral calcification in the dilated small intestinal loop. Resection of the strictured segment confirmed the presence of intestinal enterolithiasis.
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Patil, Santosh, Vinay S. Kundargi, Siddanagouda B. Patil, Basavesh S. Patil und Saurabh M. Thakkar. „A rare case of a giant vesical diverticular calculus managed successfully by endoscopy“. International Surgery Journal 10, Nr. 2 (27.01.2023): 306–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20230272.
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Vesical diverticula occur in the setting of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) and neurogenic vesicourethral dysfunction. Vesical diverticular calculi are rare, especially for minimally invasive endoscopic lithotripsy treatment. A male patient of around 80 years presented with complaints of urinary intermittency and dribbling for 3 to 4 days. On investigation, the patient was found to have a calculus within a diverticulum in the urinary bladder. After counselling, cystolithotripsy + transurethral resection (CLT+TURP) of the prostate under spinal anaesthesia was performed. Usually, open surgery is recommended for the management of vesical diverticular calculi. However, CLT+TURP was the best option, in this case, keeping in mind the patient’s age and comorbidities. Simultaneous endoscopic resection of the prostate gland would help to treat the cause.
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Pitts, Daniel, David Chalmers und Brian Jumper. „Symptomatic Infundibulopelvic Dysgenesis in an Adolescent“. Case Reports in Urology 2015 (2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/307319.
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Infundibulopelvic dysgenesis is a rare condition characterized by congenital malformation of the pelvicalyceal system. We present the case of an 18-year-old boy with chronic intermittent right flank pain and cystic dilation with parenchymal thinning on ultrasonography. The left kidney was normal. The patient denied dysuria, constipation, and history of UTIs or renal calculi. Cystoscopy with retrograde pyelogram showed marked stenosis of the right pelvicalyceal system and anatomy unfavorable to stenting. The patient’s symptoms were unresponsive to conservative management. Reconstruction of the right collecting system was unsuccessful and a simple nephrectomy was performed, which led to complete resolution of his symptoms.
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Rajan, Swati, Irfan Haris, Sameer Ahmed und M. V. Krishna. „A Case of Recurrent Renal Calculi Secondary to Parathyroid Adenoma: A Case Report“. Assam Journal of Internal Medicine 14, Nr. 1 (Januar 2024): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ajoim.ajoim_9_23.
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Abstract Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common endocrine disorder characterized by hypercalcemia and excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH). We report the case of a 71-year-old woman who presented with intermittent abdominal pain, associated with fever and chills. She also experienced early morning face puffiness, decreased appetite, and nausea for the past 7 days. The patient has a history of recurrent renal calculi. Routine blood investigation showed anemia, as well as thrombocytopenia with deranged renal function with hyperkalemia, hypercalcemia, and low-normal phosphorus levels. A plain CT KUB scan showed bilateral hydroureteronephrosis, which was determined to be secondary to renal calculi, the largest measuring 24 × 16 mm (HU:1300). The patient underwent two sessions of hemodialysis and was then scheduled for bilateral URSL with bilateral DJ stenting. After the procedure, the patient’s serial renal function tests returned to normal. Further evaluation for hypercalcemia revealed very high levels of PTH, and a magnetic resonance imaging of the neck revealed a right parathyroid adenoma. The patient subsequently underwent parathyroidectomy, and post-procedure serial PTH and calcium levels were found to be normal.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Calcul intermittent"
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Reymond, Hugo. „Modèle d'exécution conscient de l'énergie pour les systèmes intermittents“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Rennes (2023-....), 2024. https://ged.univ-rennes1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/3c8fed27-1fb5-4f22-9b91-9d9ac508082d.
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Les capteurs sans batterie exploitent l'énergie ambiante pour fonctionner dans des lieux isolés, où le remplacement des batteries est impossible. L'énergie récoltée, stockée dans un condensateur, est insuffisante pour une exécution continue, entraînant des pertes d'alimentation qui effacent les données volatiles (registres processeur et mémoire vive), empêchant la progression des programmes. Pour répondre à ce défi, nous présentons SCHEMATIC, une technique qui insère automatiquement des points de sauvegarde dans le code. Lorsqu'un de ces derniers est atteint, l'état du programme est sauvegardé dans une mémoire non volatile. Pour diminuer la taille des sauvegardes SCHEMATIC alloue certaines données en mémoire non volatile, de manière automatique. Ensuite, contrairement aux méthodes existantes qui reprennent l'exécution une fois le condensateur plein, nous proposons EarlyBird, qui ajuste le réveil pour reprendre l'exécution dès que suffisamment d'énergie a été récoltée pour atteindre le prochain point de sauvegarde. De cette manière, EarlyBird permet une reprise plus rapide de l'exécution et une réduction de la consommation d'énergie. À travers ces travaux, nous démontrons que les approches conscientes de l'énergie permettent une exécution sûre et efficace des programmes sur capteurs sans batterieBattery-less sensors harness ambient energy to operate in isolated locations where replacing batteries is impossible. The harvested energy, stored in a capacitor, is insufficient for continuous operation, leading to power losses that wipe volatile data (processor registers and RAM), thereby preventing program progression. In this thesis we present SCHEMATIC, a technique that automatically inserts checkpoints into the code. When a checkpoint is reached, the program state is saved in non-volatile memory. To reduce checkpoint size, SCHEMATIC automatically allocates certain data to non-volatile memory. Then, unlike existing methods that resume execution only once the capacitor is fully charged, we propose EarlyBird, which adjusts the wake-up threshold to resume execution as soon as enough energy has been harvested to reach the next checkpoint. This approach, allows for quicker execution resumption and reduced energy consumption. Through this work, we demonstrate that energy-aware approaches enable safe and efficient execution of programs on battery-less sensors
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Yeung, Hang-mee. „Intermittent hypoxia mediates cardioprotection via calcium handling mechanisms“. Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37501057.
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Yeung, Hang-mee, und 楊恆美. „Intermittent hypoxia mediates cardioprotection via calcium handling mechanisms“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37501057.
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Yeung, Hang-mee. „Oxidative stress, impaired calcium homeostasis and nitric oxide production in the heart of rats in chronic and intermittent hypoxia“. Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B4403345X.
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Smith, Michelle R. „Effects of Pre-exercise Muscle Glycogen Status on Muscle Phosphagens, Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Function, and Performance During Intermittent High Intensity Exercise“. Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34813.
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Eight competitive cyclists performed two cycling trials, one following a high
carbohydrate diet (H-CHO) and the other following a low carbohydrate diet (L-CHO).
Trials consisted of repeated 60s maximal effort sprints to fatigue at a workload designed
to elicit 125-135% VO2peak at 90rpm. Three min of recovery separated sprints. Muscle
biopsies taken at rest (biopsy 1), 85% max interval rpm (biopsy 2), and 70% max interval
rpm (biopsy 3) revealed a main effect of diet on muscle glycogen levels: 609 ± 38 HCHO
vs. 390 ± 42 mmol/kgdw L-CHO at biopsy 1, 383 ± 29 vs. 252 ± 28 mmol/kgdw at
biopsy 2, and 346 ± 29 vs. 196 ± 18 mmol/kgdw at biopsy 3 (p<0.01). Similar decreases
in muscle glycogen (45%), creatine phosphate (CP) (35%), and sarcoplasmic reticulum
(SR) Ca2+-uptake (56%) were shown in both trials from biopsy 1 to 3. SR Ca2+-release
decreased by 53% in H-CHO subjects and 36% in L-CHO subjects. Total exercise time
tended to be longer in H-CHO than L-CHO subjects (57.5 ± 10 vs. 42.0 ± .89min)
(p=0.09). H-CHO subjects exercised significantly longer than L-CHO subjects from
biopsy 2 to 3 (33.6 ± 10 vs. 18 ± 3.6min) (p< 0.05). Results suggest that fatigue from 40-
60min of intermittent 60s high intensity cycling intervals is associated with reductions in
muscle glycogen, CP, and SR function, and that the latter part of performance is impaired
by low muscle glycogen. These data do not support a relationship between muscle
glycogen status and SR function in intermittent high intensity exercise.Master of Science
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Yeung, Hang-mee, und 楊恆美. „Oxidative stress, impaired calcium homeostasis and nitric oxide production in the heart of rats in chronic and intermittent hypoxia“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4403345X.
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Tjong, Yung-wui. „Mechanisms of attenuated large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity in rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons in chronic intermittent hypoxia“. Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B39793953.
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Baricault, Nicolas. „Modélisation de la combustion des sprays par une approche de type RANS/PDF calculée : Prise en compte de l'intermittence aux petites échelles“. Rouen, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ROUES039.
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Ce travail de thèse est consacré à la modélisation de la combustion des sprays par une approche de type RANS/PDF calculée. L'accent est mis sur la prise en compte de l'intermittence aux petites échelles dans le phénomène de mélange turbulent. Pour le cas du mélange en présence de gouttes de vaporisant, le modèle de micro-mélange de Sabel'nikov & Gorokhovski a été étendu. L'application de ce modèle est faite dans le cadre d'un couplage entre un code de calcul numérique RANS (KIVA II) et une autre méthode de type PDF calculée. Deux types de problèmes sont considérés : (i) la modélisation de l'auto-allumage et de la formation des suies dans un spray turbulent de type Diesel ; (ii) la modélisation d'une flamme libre de méthanol avec un coflow d'air. Dans le premier cas, la PDF jointe des scalaires est modélisée par les particules stochastiques avec la chimie globale (modèle d'auto-allumage de type Shell ; modèle de formation des suies de Borghi & Gorokhovski). Cette modélisation permet de calculer le taux turbulent des réactions chimiques de façon exacte. L'approche réalisée permet de modéliser l'auto-allumage et la formation des suies de façon plus réaliste par rapport à l'approche standard : le temps de l'auto-allumage et les fluctuations de température sont prédits plus proche de l'expérience ; les distributions de suies correspondent également mieux aux mesures ; les champs de scalaires calculés possèdent une structure avec des îlots. Pour le deuxième problème, une méthode de fractionnement de l'équation PDF jointe est proposée. Notamment, les termes de transport de cette équation ainsi que le mélange dans l'espace des phases sont résolus par la méthode de type différences finies alors que la chimie est modélisée en utilisant la méthode de type Monte-Carlo pour les particules stochastiques. Cela permet l'égalité entre la moyenne RANS et celle de la PDF et la réduction considérable du temps de calcul. L'influence de la vitesse du coflow sur la structure de la flamme est étudiée et comparée à l'expérienceThis work of thesis is devoted to the modeling of the combustion of the sprays by an approach of the type RANS/calculated PDF. The stress is laid on the taking into account of the intermittency at the small scales in the phenomenon of turbulent mixture. For the case of the mixture in the presence of vaporizing drops, the model of micro-mixing by Sabel'nikov & Gorokhovski was extended. The application of this model is made within the framework of a coupling between a numerical computer code RANS (KIVA II) and a calculated method of the type PDF. Two types of problems are considered : (i) the modeling of the auto-ignition and the formation of soot in a turbulent spray of Diesel type; (ii) the modeling of a free methanol flame with a coflow of air. In the first case, the joint PDF of the scalars is modeled by the stochastic particles with global chemistry (model of auto-ignition of the Shell type; model of formation of soot by Borghi & Gorokhovski). This modeling makes it possible to calculate the turbulent rate of the chemical reactions in an exact way. The approach carried out makes it possible to model the auto-ignition and the formation of soot in a more realistic way compared to the standard approach: the time of auto-ignition and the fluctuations of temperature are predicted nearer to the experiment; the distributions of soot correspond also better to measurements; the fields of calculated scalars have a structure with small islands. For the second problem, a method of fractionation of the equation of the joint PDF is proposed. In particular, the terms of transport of this equation as well as the mixture in the space of the phases are solved by the type finished differences whereas chemistry is modeled by using the method of Monte Carlo type for the stochastic particles. That allow the equality between average RANS and that of the PDF and the considerable reduction of the computing time. The influence of the speed of the coflow on the structure of the flame is studied and compared with the experiment
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Combes, Adrien. „Influence des perturbations métaboliques sur des voies de signalisation impliquées dans la biogenèse mitochondriale“. Thesis, Lille 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL2S045/document.
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L’évolution des populations occidentales s’accompagne d’une augmentation de la sédentarité et des maladies métaboliques qui accroissent les problèmes de santé. Ces évolutions ont des répercussions sur le muscle squelettique qui voit sa capacité à produire de l’énergie aérobie diminuer. Néanmoins, le muscle squelettique est très plastique et les capacités oxydatives musculaires s’améliorent rapidement par l'activité physique. Les mitochondries sont des éléments majeurs des capacités oxydatives musculaires et la compréhension des mécanismes moléculaires qui régissent la biogenèse et la fonction mitochondriale est nécessaire pour prescrire au mieux l’activité physique.L’exercice intermittent semble être de plus en plus utilisé dans la pratique. Plusieurs arguments sont mis en avant pour préconiser cette modalité : 1) le temps passé à haute consommation d’oxygène, 2) la haute intensité et 3) les perturbations métaboliques induites par les variations d’intensité au cours de l’exercice. Cependant, l’influence des perturbations métaboliques sur les capacités oxydatives musculaires n’a pas encore été clairement démontrée. L’objet des mes travaux de thèse s’est donc focalisé sur ces perturbations métaboliques et leurs effets sur les voies de signalisation impliquées dans la biogenèse mitochondriale. Afin de caractériser l’implication des perturbations métaboliques dans la stimulation des voies de signalisation de la biogenèse mitochondriale, nous avons comparé l’influence d’exercices aigus sur ces voies de signalisation. Deux protocoles nous ont permis d’investiguer l’influence des variations métaboliques. Le premier a consisté, lors d’un exercice de intermittent, à identifier la durée du cycle induisant les plus grandes perturbations métaboliques et à caractériser les effets de la modalité d’exercice sur un exercice de 30 minutes de pédalage à 70%WRpic. Le second protocole visait à déterminer l’influence de la répétition des perturbations métaboliques sur les voies de signalisation régulant la biogenèse mitochondriale.Afin d’identifier la durée de cycle produisant le plus de variations métaboliques, nous avons analysé l’évolution de la consommation d’oxygène et quantifié les variations métaboliques. Pour cela nous avons utilisé trois paramètres : 1) un paramètre quantitatif, 2) un paramètre qualitatif et 3) un index associant les paramètres quantitatif et qualitatif. La comparaison de trois durées de cycle différentes (30s d’effort:30s de récupération passive ; 60s:60s et 120s:120s) nous a permis de mettre en évidence que la modalité 60s:60s est celle qui induit le plus de variations métaboliques et cela pour une dépense énergétique identique pour les trois modalités.Notre seconde étude a consisté à comparer 30 minutes de pédalage à 70%WRpic sous deux modalités différentes : continue (1 bloc de 30min) et intermittente (30 bloc de 1min entrecoupés de 1min). La répétition de phase d’exercice et de repos lors de l’exercice intermittent créée plus de perturbation du métabolisme et entraîne une phosphorylation supérieure de l'AMPK, CaMKII et p38 MAPK. Ces kinases sont situées en amont de PGC-1α, un important régulateur de la biogenèse mitochondriale dans le muscle squelettique. Ces résultats mettent donc en évidence un effet spécifique des perturbations métaboliques sur les voies de signalisation contrôlant la biogenèse mitochondriale.Ces travaux ouvrent de nouvelles perspectives sur les méthodes de réentraînement de personnes sédentaires ou atteintes de pathologie chronique. Les futurs travaux viseront à confirmer nos résultats lors d’interventions chroniques et d’explorer ces effets chez différentes populationsWestern life evolution is associated with an increase in sedentary behaviours and metabolic diseases leading to health alteration. This evolution affects the skeletal muscle, which is characterized by a decrease in its ability to produce aerobic energy. However, skeletal muscle is a highly malleable tissue, capable of considerable metabolic adaptations in response to physical activity. Mitochondria produce the aerobic energy within the skeletal muscle. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate mitochondrial biogenesis and its function is necessary to improve physical activity prescription.The intermittent exercise is currently used in rehabilitation programs. Several arguments are put forward to utilizing this method: 1) the time spent at high oxygen consumption, 2) the high intensity of exercise and 3) the metabolic disturbances induced by variations of intensity during exercise. However, the influence of metabolic disturbances on muscle oxidative capacity has not been clearly demonstrated. The purpose of my thesis work has therefore focused on these metabolic perturbations and their effects on signalling pathways involved in mitochondrial biogenesis. In order to characterize the influence of metabolic disturbances on the signalling pathways involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, we compared the influence of acute exercises. We realized two protocols to investigate the influence of metabolic disturbances. The first study compared three intermittent exercises in order to identify the optimal duty-cycle duration to induce the biggest metabolic disturbances and to compare metabolic responses of intermittent and continuous exercise performed at 70%WRpic. The second protocol evaluated the influence of the repetition of metabolic disturbances on signalling pathways involved in mitochondrial biogenesis.In order to identify the duty-cycle duration producing more metabolic fluctuations, we analysed the changes of oxygen consumption and quantified metabolic variations. We used three parameters: 1) a quantitative parameter, 2) a qualitative parameter, and 3) an index combining quantitative and qualitative parameters. Comparison of three different duty-cycle durations (30s work:30s passive recovery; 60s:60s, and 120s:120s) revealed that the 60s:60s modality induces more metabolic fluctuations for a same energy expenditure.Our second study compared 30 minutes of pedalling at 70%WRpic realized by two different modalities: continuous (30min 1 block) and intermittent (30 1min block interspersed by 1min of passive recovery). Repetition of transitions from rest to exercise during the intermittent exercise creates higher metabolic disturbances and leads to a higher phosphorylation of AMPK, p38 MAPK and CaMKII. These kinases are upstream of PGC-1α, an important regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle. All together, these results demonstrate that metabolic disturbances are involved in mitochondrial signalling pathways activation.This work opens up new perspectives on exercise training prescription for sedentary or chronic pathology people. Future work will aim to confirm our results in chronic interventions and explore these effects in different populations
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Zhang, Ji. „A Comparative Study of the Impact of Sustained and Intermittent Docetaxel Chemotherapy in Brain in a Mouse Model“. Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/33749.
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Title: “A comparative study of the impact of sustained and intermittent docetaxel chemotherapy in brain in a mouse model”
Ji Zhang
Master of Science
Graduate Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto
November, 2011
Abstract
A subset of patients suffers cognitive impairment during or long after chemotherapy. This may result from chemotherapeutic agents crossing the blood brain barrier (BBB). This thesis examined the effects of docetaxel (DTX) on brain toxicity, and the effects of different dosing schedules on brain DTX concentrations and neurotoxicity. Examination of DTX treated mice (total dose of 32mg/kg) revealed appreciable amounts of DTX crossed the BBB after either intermittent (four weekly doses) or sustained (one injection of DTX-PoLigel) administration despite differences in peak drug concentrations and overall exposure profiles. Measurements of autophagy and astrocytes activation not only provided evidence of DTX caused neurotoxicity in the central nervous system, but also revealed a link between dosing schedule and neurotoxicity. Furthermore, the discovery suggested connections between DTX brain exposure, diverse biological events (such as BBB permeability and reactive oxygen species activity), and the microenvironment at synapse-neuron junctions, which should be further explored.
Bücher zum Thema "Calcul intermittent"
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Abhishek, Abhishek, und Michael Doherty. Clinical features of calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199668847.003.0050.
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Calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) occurs in the elderly, and is commonly asymptomatic. However, it can cause acute calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) crystal arthritis, chronic CPP crystal inflammatory arthritis, and is frequently present in joints with osteoarthritis (OA). Acute CPP crystal arthritis presents with rapid onset of acute synovitis, which frequently affects the knees, wrists, shoulders, and elbows. It can mimic sepsis in the elderly, and may require hospital admission. Patients with CPPD plus OA may have more inflammatory signs and symptoms (e.g. joint swelling, stiffness) than those with OA alone. Additionally, patients with CPPD plus OA may also have intermittent attacks of acute CPP crystal arthritis. Some patients with CPPD may have more chronic inflammatory joint involvement and are classified as chronic CPP crystal inflammatory arthritis. This chapter describes the clinical features and differential diagnosis of common clinical manifestations of CPPD and outlines some of its rarer manifestations.
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Sutter, Johan De, Miguel Mendes und Oscar H. Franco. Cardioprotective drugs. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199656653.003.0019.
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Cardioprotective drugs are important in the treatment of patients at risk for or with documented cardiovascular disease. Beta-blockers are indicated after acute coronary syndromes, stable coronary artery disease, heart failure, and arrhythmias. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) are important in congestive heart failure, stable angina, post-acute myocardial infarction, and secondary prevention after any event or revascularization. Angiotensin receptor blockers are mainly alternative drugs for the same indications in case of intolerance to ACEi. Calcium channel blockers are first line medication for patients with isolated systolic hypertension, black people, and during pregnancy, in the presence of intermittent claudication, asymptomatic atherosclerosis, or metabolic syndrome. A polypill is a combination pill in which multiple medications effective in the prevention of cardiovascular disease (for example statins, antihypertensives, and aspirin) are put together in a single pill.
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Sutter, Johan De, Miguel Mendes und Oscar H. Franco. Cardioprotective drugs. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199656653.003.0019_update_001.
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Cardioprotective drugs are important in the treatment of patients at risk for or with documented cardiovascular disease. Beta-blockers are indicated after acute coronary syndromes, stable coronary artery disease, heart failure, and arrhythmias. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) are important in congestive heart failure, stable angina, post-acute myocardial infarction, and secondary prevention after any event or revascularization. Angiotensin receptor blockers are mainly alternative drugs for the same indications in case of intolerance to ACEi. Calcium channel blockers are first line medication for patients with isolated systolic hypertension, black people, and during pregnancy, in the presence of intermittent claudication, asymptomatic atherosclerosis, or metabolic syndrome. A polypill is a combination pill in which multiple medications effective in the prevention of cardiovascular disease (for example statins, antihypertensives, and aspirin) are put together in a single pill.
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Erickson, Stephen B., Hatem Amer und Timothy S. Larson. Urolithiasis, Kidney Transplantation, and Pregnancy and Kidney Disease. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199755691.003.0475.
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It was previously assumed that all kidney stones crystallized as urine passed through the renal tubules and were retained by means of crystal-tubular cell interactions. Recently uroscopy with papillary biopsies has shown 2 different pathways for stone formation, both mediated by calcium phosphate crystals. Kidney transplant has become the preferred treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease. Those benefiting from transplant included patients who would be deemed "high risk," such as those with diabetes mellitus and those older than 70 years. Anatomical changes associated with pregnancy are renal enlargement and dilatation of the calyces, renal pelvis, and ureters. Physiologic changes include a 30% to 50% increase in glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow; a mean decrease of 0.5 mg/dL in the creatinine level and a mean decrease of 18 mg/dL in the serum urea nitrogen level; intermittent glycosuria independent of plasma glucose; proteinuria; aminoaciduria; increased uric acid excretion; increased total body water, with osmostat resetting; 50% increase in plasma volume and cardiac output; and increased ureteral peristalsis.
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Cooksey, Mark Daniel, und Toshimori Yoichi. Healthy Diet : AUTOPHAGY & RENAL DIET COOKBOOK : 2 Books in 1 : Discover How to Activate Your Body and Let It Purify Through Water Fasting, Intermittent ... Kidney Diseases and Many Renal Diet Recipes: Low Sodium, Potassium, Calcium and Phosphorus Recipes. Independently Published, 2019.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenBuchteile zum Thema "Calcul intermittent"
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Derakhshan, Farzaneh, Myra Dotzel, Milijana Surbatovich und Limin Jia. „Modal Crash Types for Intermittent Computing“. In Programming Languages and Systems, 168–96. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30044-8_7.
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AbstractIntermittent computing is gaining traction in application domains such as Energy Harvesting Devices (EHDs) that experience arbitrary power failures during program execution. To make progress, programs require system support to checkpoint state and re-execute after power failure by restoring the last saved state. This re-execution should be correct, i.e., simulated by a continuously-powered execution. We study the logical underpinning of intermittent computing and model checkpoint, crash, restore, and re-execution operations as computation on Crash types. We draw inspiration from adjoint logic and define Crash types by introducing two adjoint modality operators to model persistent and transient memory values of partial (re-)executions and the transitions between them caused by checkpoints and restoration. We define a Crash type system for a core calculus. We prove the correctness of intermittent systems by defining a novel logical relation for Crash types.
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Conus, Daniel, Mathew Joseph, Davar Khoshnevisan und Shang-Yuan Shiu. „Intermittency and Chaos for a Nonlinear Stochastic Wave Equation in Dimension 1“. In Malliavin Calculus and Stochastic Analysis, 251–79. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5906-4_11.
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Novak, Peter. „Case 21: Orthostatic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Syndrome, Intermittent“. In Autonomic Testing, herausgegeben von Peter Novak, 145–48. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190889227.003.0026.
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The tilt test showed mild orthostatic cerebral hypoperfusion syndrome (OCHOS) with intermittent reduction in cerebral blood flow velocity. OCHOS is associated with reduced orthostatic cerebral blood flow velocity without orthostatic hypotension or arrhythmia. Calcium channel blockers may be helpful in OCHOS.
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„INTERMITTENT, CALCIUM INDEPENDENT RELEASE OF ACETYLCHOLINE FROM MOTOR NERVE TERMINALS“. In Molecular Basis of Nerve Activity, 47–54. De Gruyter, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110855630-007.
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Wallace, Daniel J. „Taming Inflammation: Anti-inflammatory Therapies“. In The Lupus Book, 207–13. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195181814.003.0026.
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Abstract Even though most patients with SLE don’t like it, more than 90 percent take medication. Of the many drug therapies for lupus, and among the most pre- scribed and accepted are what doctors call “the anti-inflammatories.” These remedies include aspirin products and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or NSAIDs. A survey has documented that at any given time, 80 percent of all SLE patients are taking one of these agents on a regular or intermittent basis. This chapter will endeavor to help lupus patients negotiate the tricky ins and outs of NSAIDs in an effort to maximize potential benefits while minimizing toxicity.
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Goltzman, David, und Geoffrey N. Hendy. „Parathyroid Anatomy, Hormone Synthesis, Secretion, Action, and Receptors“. In Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes 3e, herausgegeben von John A. H. Wass, Wiebke Arlt und Robert K. Semple, 631–40. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198870197.003.0081.
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Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is produced in the parathyroid glands and is released as an 84 amino acid polypeptide whose bioactivity resides in its amino-terminal domain. PTH secretion is controlled by the parathyroid calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), and inactivating or activating mutations in this receptor lead to inherited hypercalcaemic and hypocalcaemic disorders, respectively. PTH regulates extracellular fluid calcium homeostasis through its renal calcium-conserving action, and its bone resorbing actions. Adenomas or hyperplasia of the parathyroid glands can lead to dysregulated PTH secretion and the disorder hyperparathyroidism. Intermittently administered PTH, however, exerts a bone anabolic effect and has found use in the clinic in the treatment of osteoporosis. Both PTH (and the gene family member, parathyroid hormone-related protein or PTHrP) act through a G-protein-coupled receptor, the type 1 PTH/PTHrP receptor (PTHR1) that is widely expressed and signals through multiple second messenger pathways. Inactivating mutations in the PTHR1 cause Blomstrand’s lethal chondrodysplasia, whereas activating mutations are found in Jansen’s metaphyseal chondrodysplasia.
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Simons, Ronald C. „Attention Capture and the Startle-Matching Syndromes“. In Boo!, 143–57. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195096262.003.0007.
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Abstract I write this on a bright summer day, sitting on a bench and looking at a brightly lit green scene with trees, flowers, a path, and butterflies. Intermittently, a red-winged blackbird, song sparrows, and goldfinches sing or call. The bench is hard and a bit uncomfortable, and I feel it in my back and buttocks. Sitting here with drifting thoughts, I find my attention drawn repeatedly to a deep blue clump of delphiniums. In a visual world of mostly green, over and over again my eyes are attracted to that intense blue.
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Biswas, Hari Shankar, Amit Kumar Kundu und Sandeep Poddar. „Releasing the Power of Nature“. In Practice, Progress, and Proficiency in Sustainability, 108–24. IGI Global, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-3985-5.ch007.
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The growing urgency to combat climate change and the finite nature of traditional fossil fuel reserves have prompted a worldwide call for a transition to sustainable energy alternatives. Green energy, derived from renewable sources such as solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal, emerges as an essential solution to address environmental concerns while fostering economic development. This comprehensive review critically examines the current landscape of green energy technologies, exploring their potential impact, inherent challenges, and the crucial role they play in shaping a sustainable future. The review discusses issues such as intermittency, energy storage, and infrastructure requirements, proposing innovative solutions and policy considerations to overcome these hurdles. The review synthesizes the current state of green energy technologies, addressing their potential, challenges, and overall impact on sustainable development.
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Molz, Jennie Germann. „Rebel and Tribe“. In The World Is Our Classroom, 133–62. NYU Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479891689.003.0009.
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This chapter explores how worldschoolers cope with loneliness, homesickness, and unrootedness on the road by creating new kinds of community. As the children, especially teenagers, crave connection with their peers, parents reconcile their competing desires for individual freedom and a sense of belonging by seeking out what worldschoolers call a “tribe of rebels.” In contrast to the isolating effects of the “new individualism” that pervades late modern society, worldschoolers establish a “new togetherness” in communities that are mobile and mediated, temporary and intermittent, intentional, curated, and commodified. The chapter argues that even though these communities provide a source of communal belonging, they are essentially a lifestyle choice whose primary purpose is to support worldschoolers in their individualized pursuit of freedom. The “come-and-go” sociality that worldschoolers demonstrate in these communities also offers some insight into the kinds of social skills their children are learning, things like collaborating in diverse and temporary teams, maintaining nomadic friendships, and sustaining social relations through mediated channels. These are the kinds of competencies children will need to navigate their social and professional lives in a mobile future.
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D'Etcheverry, Charo B. „Introduction“. In Celebrating Sorrow, 1–25. Cornell University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501764776.003.0001.
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This chapter shows glimpses from Japan's medieval era, the four centuries between the fall of the Heian court, located in what we call Kyoto, and the rise of the Tokugawa shogunate in Edo, now Tokyo. It highlights that these years brought intermittent civil war, inspiring a national literature built on shared stories but also on the fracture of works. The chapter begins with a discussion on the “tributes” to Sagoromo—a short narrative, from a cycle of similar works that comprise the lone prose adaptation; forty-one of its poems as cited by two compilers, with their headnotes contextualizing each verse; three libretti, from the only known Sagoromo-based songs and surviving play; and the beginning of the leading commentary. It suggests how generations of literate people coped with upheaval: by lamenting or justifying it in familiar terms, unraveling a tale paradoxically known for its coherence. This chapter investigates how Sagoromo spanned a diverse corpus of texts even for a premodern work. It also examines how Sagoromo spurred great enthusiasm but no such default, leading to numerous “copies” that vary widely in some aspects.
Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Calcul intermittent"
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Falk, Jonathan, Frank Dürr und Kurt Rothermel. „Modeling time-triggered service intermittence in network calculus“. In the 27th International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3356401.3356411.
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Ochoa, Rita, und Alessia Allegri. „Mapping Intermittent Practices in Lisbon“. In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002352.
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Worldwide, are emerging several forms of uses of space, activities, expressions, and relationships that enable and empower temporariness and sharing in the urban spaces: it is what we call Intermittent Practices (IP). IP are generating significant changes on the urban context and new challenges to policy, planning, and governance. The research project “Intermittent Lisbon. Temporary uses and sharing practices in the adaptive city” focuses on the distinctive sort of intermittences that occur in the different dimensions of public life, driving urban transformations and causing disruptions in the conventional relations between space, time and use.The present paper stems from this project and reports the mapping, systematization and interpretative reading of a collection of IP case studies. Using previously defined criteria, 10 examples will be addressed, covering the following five areas: 1. Housing and Working; Services, Leisure, Trade, 3. Culture and Artistic Action, 4. Mobility, 5. Public space and Community use.We consider that the reconceptualization of temporariness and sharing can lead to the definition of new disciplinary paradigms in which flexibility and adaptability become fundamental elements of the design processes. Therefore, a critical evaluation of this in progress phenomena is essential and an opportunity to rethink the way we live cities and design them, also in light of the pandemic crisis we have just experienced.Keywords: Intermittent Practices, Lisbon, Temporary uses, Sharing, Adaptive City
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Ea, H. K., N. Pham, F. Finet, T. W. Chirayath, F. Castelli, F. Fenaille, F. Brial et al. „POS0187 INTERMITTENT FASTING AND SPERMIDINE REDUCE INFLAMMATION INDUCED BY MONOSODIUM URATE (MSU) AND CALCIUM PYROPHOSPHATE DIHYDRATE (CPPD) CRYSTALS“. In EULAR 2024 European Congress of Rheumatology, 12-15 June. Vienna, Austria. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2024-eular.3714.
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LaBry, Zachary A., Soufien Taamallah, Gaurav Kewlani, Santosh J. Shanbhogue und Ahmed F. Ghoniem. „Mode Transition and Intermittency in an Acoustically Uncoupled Lean Premixed Swirl-Stabilized Combustor“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2014-27266.
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The prediction of dynamic instability remains an open and important issue in the development of gas turbine systems, particularly those constrained by emissions limitations. The existence and characteristics of dynamic instability are known to be functions of combustor geometry, flow conditions, and combustion parameters, but the form of dependence is not well understood. By modifying the acoustic boundary conditions, changes in flame and flow structure due to inlet parameters can be studied independent of the acoustic modes with which they couple. This paper examines the effect of equivalence ratio on the flame macrostructure — the relationship between the turbulent flame brush and the dominant flow structures — in an acoustically uncoupled environment. The flame brush is measured using CH* chemiluminescence, and the flow is interrogated using two-dimensional particle image velocimetry. We examine a range of equivalence ratios spanning three distinct macrostructures. The first macrostructure (ϕ = 0.550) is characterized by a diffuse flame brush confined to the interior of the inner recirculation zone. We observe a conical flame in the inner shear layer, continuing along the wall shear layer in the second macrostructure (ϕ = 0.600). The third macrostructure exhibits the same flame brush as the second, with an additional flame brush in the outer shear layer (ϕ = 0.650). Between the second and third macrostructures, we observe a regime in which the flame brush transitions intermittently between the two structures. We use dynamic mode decomposition on the PIV data to show that this transition event, which we call flickering, is linked to vorticity generated by the intermittent expansion of the outer recirculation zone as the flame jumps in and out of the outer shear layer. In a companion paper, we show how the macrostructures described in this paper are linked with dynamic instability [1].
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Doshi, B. „Performance of in-call buffer/window allocation schemes for short intermittent file transfers over broadband packet networks“. In [Proceedings] IEEE INFOCOM '92: The Conference on Computer Communications. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/infcom.1992.263437.
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Pinto, Gabrielle Molina, Isabela de Carvalho Florencio, Thales Fernando Costa Vilela, Lázaro Felipe Costa Vilela, Mateus de Andrade Fernandes und Thiago Dias Fernandes. „Lambert-eaton myasthenic syndrome and anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody: myasthenia gravis overlap syndrome or false positive?“ In XIV Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.141s1.457.
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Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome (LEMS) is a rare neuromuscular presynaptic disorder that can be paraneoplastic or primary autoimmune. Clinical features include proximal weakness, autonomic dysfunction, and areflexia. The pathophysiology is related to production of antibodies against voltagegated calcium channels (VGCC), and consequent reduction in the release of acetylcholine (ACh). The diagnosis of LEMS is clinical, serological, and electrophysiological and Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is a differential diagnosis. The aim is to report a case of LEMS with negative anti-VGCC and positive anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody (Anti-AChR). Case report: A 62-year-old female, former smoker, complained of weakness in the lower limbs for one year, initially intermittent, and later continuous, occasional diplopia, and dyspnea. Physical examination showed proximal weakness and mild asymmetric eyelid ptosis. Electroneuromyography showed presynaptic defect of the neuromuscular junction, with an increase of up to 163% after high rate nerve stimulation. Anti-AChR antibodies = 1.14 (Reference value < 0.4) and anti-VGCC = 35.8 (Reference value < 40). The DELTA-P (DutchEnglish LEMS Tumor Association Prediction) Score was 2 and the screening tests for neoplasia at the time of diagnosis, and six months later were normal. The disease progressed for about a year until it stabilized with pyridostigmine and human immunoglobulin. The anti-AChR antibody is characteristic and a diagnostic criterion for MG. The positivity of this antibody in the case of LEMS is not usual. Such a positive result in this case should be interpreted as an overlap syndrome of MG and LEMS, with a differential diagnosis of false-positive serological result.
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Safaei, Hossein, und Michael J. Aziz. „Thermodynamic Analysis of a Compressed Air Energy Storage Facility Exporting Compression Heat to an External Heat Load“. In ASME 2014 12th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2014-20412.
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Fluctuations of electric load call for flexible generation technologies such as gas turbines. Alternatively, bulk energy storage (BES) facilities can store excess off-peak electricity to generate valuable peaking electricity. Interest in electricity storage has increased in the past decade in anticipation of higher penetration levels of intermittent renewable sources such as wind. Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) is one of the most promising BES technologies due to the large amount of energy (hundreds of MWh) that can be economically stored. CAES uses off-peak electricity to compress air into underground reservoirs. Air is combusted and expanded at a later time to regenerate electricity. One of the downsides of CAES is the large energy losses incurred in the form of waste compression heat. Distributed CAES (D-CAES) has been proposed in order to improve the roundtrip efficiency of CAES by utilizing the compression heat for space and water heating. The compressor of D-CAES is located near a heat load (e.g. a shopping mall) and the compression heat is recovered to meet this external load. D-CAES collects fuel credits equal to the negated heating fuel, leading to a higher overall efficiency compared to conventional CAES. We perform a thermodynamic analysis of conventional CAES and D-CAES to compare their heat rate, work ratio (electric energy stored per unit of electric energy regenerated), and exergy efficiency.
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Falk, E. A. „UNSTABLE ANGINA PECTORIS: PATHOLOGIC ASPECTS“. In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643711.
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Unstable angina pectoris represents a common and important manifestation of acute ischemic heart disease encompassing the broad spectrum of clinical syndromes between stable effort angina and acute myocardial infarction. This group of patientsisfar from uniform concerning underlying pathogenetic mechanisms and prognosis, but generally the risk of infarction or deathis increased during the unstable period. Most patients are presenting with new or worsening effort angina or angina at rest,and especially patients with rest anginaassociated with transient ECG changes seem to constitute a high risk subgroup. Transient reductions in coronary blood flow,rather than increases in myocardial oxygen demand, seem to play the major role in rest angina, indicating an underlying 'dynamic' coronary stenosis.Furthermore, unstable angina seems to beagood clinicalmarker for actively progressing coronary-artery disease.Pathologically, a rapidly evolving coronary-artery lesion represented by a disrupted atherosclerotic plaque with variable degree of plaque hemorrhage and luminalthrombosis usually is present in patientscoming to autopsy after a period of rest angina. The thrombus at the rupture site may be mural and limited (just sealing therupture) or occlusive depending on the degree of preexisting atherosclerotic stenosis. An occlusive thrombus is seldom seen over ruptured plaques causing less tha15% stenosis (histologic area stenosis), but is found with increasing frequency when stenosis severety increases beyond 15%.Most occlusive thrombi have a layered structure with thrombus material of differing age indicating an episodic growth by repeated mural deposits. Aggregated platelets usually can be identified in the mostrecent part of the thrombus, while older parts are more homogeneous due to fibrin infiltration/stabilization. Additionally,microemboli and microinfarcts are frequently found in the myocardium downstream tocoronary thrombi. So, the period of unstable angina preceding a fatal heart attackseems to be characterized by an ongoing thrombotic process in a major coronary artery where recurrent mural thrombus formation alternates with intermittent thrombus fragmentation and peripheral embolization. Such a dynamic thrombosis (with or without a concomitant focal vasospastic phenomenon) at the site of an unstable (ruptured) atherosclerotic lesion obviously may lead to the other clearly thrombus-related acute ischemic events: myocardial infarction or sudden death.Clinical studies using coronary angiography and coronary angioscopy during the acute phase of unstable angina have revealed a high frequency of ulcerated (unstable) atherothrombotic lesion in arteries responsible for the acute ischemia. Furthermore, episodic platelet activation (usually associated with chest pain) has recently been demonstrated in patients with unstable angina.The mechanism underlying pain/ischemia(predominantly spasm?) and the rapid plaque progression (plaque hemorr.hage/luminal thrombosis?) during unstable angina maydiffer. Accordingly, therapy directed against a possible spasm (nitrates, calcium antagonists) usually relieves pain effectively without having any documented effect on infarction/survival, while antithr-ombotic therapy (aspirin, heparin) clearlyimproves the prognosis without apparent antianginal effect. Therefore, with the objective not only of relieving pain but also of improving the prognosis, more attention should be paid to the potentially fatal thrombotic process that apparently isgoing on in a major coronary artery of many patients with unstable angina.
Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Calcul intermittent"
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Casper, Gary, Stefanie Nadeau und Thomas Parr. Acoustic amphibian monitoring, 2019 data summary: Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore. National Park Service, Dezember 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2295509.
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Amphibians are a Vital Sign indicator for monitoring long-term ecosystem health in seven national park units that comprise the Great Lakes Network. We present here the results for 2019 amphibian monitoring at Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore (PIRO). Appendices contain tabular summaries for six years of cumulative results. The National Park Service Great Lakes Inventory and Monitoring Network established 10 permanent acoustic amphibian monitoring sites at PIRO in 2013. Acoustic samples are collected by placing automated recorders with omnidirectional stereo microphones at each of the 10 sampling sites. Temperature loggers co-located with the recorders also collect air temperature during the sampling period. We expanded analyses and reporting in 2018 to address calling phenology and to provide a second metric for tracking changes in abundance across years. Occupancy analyses track whether or not a site was occupied by a species. Abundance is tracked by assessing how the maximum call intensity changes on sites across years, and by how many automated detections are reported from sites across years. Using two independent survey methods, manual and automated, with large sample sizes continues to return reliable results, providing a confident record of site occupancy for most species. The monitoring program detected five of the six species of frog and toad known to occur at PIRO in 2019, with Eastern American Toad, Gray Treefrog, Green Frog, and Spring Peeper occurring at almost every site sampled. Wood Frog was found at five sites. Mink Frog is known to occur at Sand Point but has never been confirmed at sites monitored by this GLKN program. Additional species of potential occurrence remain hypothetical (i.e., Northern Leopard Frog). The only significant data collection issue in 2019 was at PIRO02, where the equipment recorded only intermittently resulting in only partial data analysis possible. Remaining sites successfully collected data as programmed. Cumulative program result summaries since inception are provided in appendices. Temperature logs in 2019 showed that the threshold of ≥40°F was uniformly exceeded by 1 May, hence we recommend making 10 April the target start date for data collection in future. This could be accomplished by fall deployment of recorders on delayed starts. We also recommend making sure that recorders are mounted 6–10 feet high to better survey the soundscape with less interference from foliage, and that temperature loggers be placed within solar shields.