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1
Kaczorek-Chrobak und Fangrat. „Influence of Constructional-Material Parameters on the Fire Properties of Electric Cables“. Energies 12, Nr. 23 (29.11.2019): 4569. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12234569.
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The significant number of cables of different materials and construction used extensively in building objects increases their fire load and, therefore, strongly influences safety in the case of fire. The purpose of the study was to identify relevant factors related to the construction of electrical cables, and perform a qualitative and quantitative assessment of their influence on specific fire properties, such as heat release and smoke production. Fifteen cables of different construction and materials were studied using the EN 50399 standard test. The analysis was focused on cable constructional-material parameters related to the chemical composition of non-metallic elements and the number and shape of conductors in the cable, as well as the concentric barrier as armor or the copper concentric conductor. The conclusions drawn from the experiments were: (1) Construction, the number of conductors, and the presence of armor or concentric metallic conductors improve the fire properties by forming a barrier against flame penetration through the cable; (2) the use of copper conductors resulted in a decrease of fire parameters compared to cables with aluminum conductors (peakHRRav parameter even four times lower for copper cable); (3) construction material based on non-plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) significantly reduced the fire properties of cables more than halogen-free materials (LS0H) (peakHRRav parameter more than 17 times higher for the fully halogenated cable), which is due to the decomposition process of the material; and (4) no clear relationship between the fire parameters and the cable parameter, χ, was found.
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Dan, Danhui, Bin Xu, Ye Xia, Xingfei Yan und Pengfei Jia. „Intelligent parameter identification for bridge cables based on characteristic frequency equation of transverse dynamic stiffness“. Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration and Active Control 39, Nr. 3 (18.12.2018): 678–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461348418814617.
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Determining the cable force and other parameters of cables is important for condition assessment of cable-stayed structures. This study proposes a frequency characteristic equation of transverse dynamic stiffness for cables; this equation is suitable for measuring the vibrations to evaluate the primary factors that influence the accuracy of cable parameter identification. Further, a cable parameter identification method based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed. The method is suitable for a cable system of arbitrary length and with moderate sag especially when the measurement quality of the modal frequencies of cables is poor. Both numerical case studies and a cable vibration test proved that the proposed method can identify parameters with high accuracy for cables of any length and for cases requiring low-frequency measurement. Moreover, structural modal order information is not required. The extreme case is that only one order frequency can achieve highly accurate result in this way. The proposed method is suitable for parameter identification of short cables, hanger cables, and parallel strand cables, which are commonly applicable in engineering applications.
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Gao, Fabao, Ruifang Wang und S. K. Lai. „Bifurcation and Chaotic Analysis for Cable Vibration of a Cable-Stayed Bridge“. International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 20, Nr. 02 (07.01.2020): 2071004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455420710042.
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Cable-stayed bridges are of the most unique and cost-effective designs in modern bridge engineering. A key feature of these structures is that the cables or stays run directly from the tower to the deck. The nonlinear dynamic behavior of these cables can significantly affect the resilience and safety of the bridge. In this context, a deeper understanding of the bifurcation and chaotic mechanisms of cable vibration is highly desirable. Accordingly, in this study the nonlinear dynamic equation of a planar cable is derived for quantitative and qualitative analysis. The nonlinear system is solved asymptotically, using the conventional perturbation and two-timing scale methods, to study the periodic motion of the cables. The obtained solutions are primarily affected by the control parameters and the initial conditions. The asymptotic solutions are also simulated numerically. It is found that the chaotic behavior of cables is greatly affected by the governing parameters, including the cable dimensions, vibration amplitude, damping effect, and excitation frequency. Finally, seven state variables of the nonlinear system are analyzed to investigate the occurrence of bifurcation.
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Ismailov, GM. „Flexible cable strength with regard to tribological interaction of its elements“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 233, Nr. 4 (26.12.2018): 638–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350650118821019.
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This paper considers certain issues of tribological interaction between flexible cable elements. It proposes a new approach for determining frictional forces of cable elements while taking into account cable parameters. This study is the first to derive formulas of mechanical stresses in the zone of contacting elements for assessing the cable strength. The paper demonstrates how the derived formulas for cables can be used in practice for design purposes. The influence of geometric parameters of cable design on its strength has been analyzed.
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Lou, Ya’nan, Haoyu Lin, Pengkun Quan, Dongbo Wei und Shichun Di. „Self-Calibration for the General Cable-Driven Serial Manipulator with Multi-Segment Cables“. Electronics 10, Nr. 4 (11.02.2021): 444. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10040444.
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This paper focuses on the kinematic calibration problem for the general cable-driven serial manipulator (CDSM) with multi-segment cables to improve its motion control accuracy. Firstly, to fully describe the calibration parameters of cables, links, joint positions, and the transmission system, this paper proposes a new cable routing description method named cable-routing configuration struct (CRCS), which provides a complete set of parameters to be calibrated for the proposed self-calibration algorithm. Then, a self-calibration algorithm for CDSM with motor incremental encoders is proposed, which can calibrate the robot at one time only using sufficient measured motor and joint positions. Its premise, the initial cable length, needs to be calibrated. Finally, the parameters of a three-DOF (degree of freedom) six-cable CDSM were described using the CRCS description method, and a comparative experiment was carried out on the same motion controller using the parameters before and after calibration. The experiment results of trajectory tracking error showed that the calibration parameters obtained by the proposed calibration algorithm can significantly improve the motion control accuracy of the three-DOF six-cable CDSM. This verified the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed calibration algorithm.
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Fu, Chen-Zhao, Wen-Rong Si, Lei Quan und Jian Yang. „Numerical Study of Heat Transfer in Trefoil Buried Cable with Fluidized Thermal Backfill and Laying Parameter Optimization“. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (25.02.2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4741871.
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Trefoil buried cable is one of the important cable arrangements for the underground transmission line, and its heat transfer performance is relatively poor. By filling with fluidized thermal backfill material (FTB) around trefoil buried cables, the heat transfer would be efficiently enhanced, while the filling cost should also be considered. In the present study, the heat transfer process in the FTB trefoil buried cables is numerically studied, where the cable core loss and eddy current loss in the cable were coupled for the simulation. The heat transfer performances and ampacities for trefoil buried cables with different back fill materials were analysed and compared with each other. Then, the laying parameters for the parabolic-type FTB trefoil buried cables were optimized with the radial basis function neural network (RBNN) and genetic algorithm (GA). Firstly, it is found that, with FTB material, the maximum temperature in the cable core is obviously reduced, and the cable ampacity is greatly improved as compared with the cables buried around natural soil (NS). Secondly, when compared with flat-type FTB model, the heat transfer rate in the cable with parabolic-type FTB laying method would be slightly reduced, while the FTB amount used for the buried cables is greatly reduced. Finally, as for parabolic-type FTB trefoil buried cables, with proper design of geometric parameters (s1 = 0.290 m, s2 = 0.302 m, and l = 0.3 m with I = 1300 A) for the FTB laying cross section, the overall performance for the cable was optimized.
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Semenov, А. B., und T. S. Abbasova. „Synthesis of symmetrical cables for infocommunication systems with improved noise immunity characteristics“. Informacionno-technologicheskij vestnik, Nr. 4 (30.12.2018): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.21499/2409-1650-2018-4-99-108.
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A synthesis of construction of cables of category 6a for infocommunication systems with improved characteristics of noise immunity is carried out. The parameters of transient pickups and total transient pickups for the proposed cable design are calculated, and the cable diameter of the initial and proposed designs is estimated. The estimation of improvement of mass-dimension parameters of a cable of a proposed design is carried out. It is shown that due to chamber (group) unearthed screening, it is possible to significantly reduce the influence characteristics and the mass-dimensional parameters of the cable.
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Chen, Gang, Qing Hao Wang, Guo Bin Liu, Tian Shu Hai, Bo Liu, Yi Ran Li, Bo Li, Lei Wang, Dong Wei Huang und Chuan Zong Zhao. „The Field Test of High Voltage Cable Impedance Parameters“. Advanced Materials Research 986-987 (Juli 2014): 1682–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.986-987.1682.
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The cables in 66 kV and 220 kV systems are used in single-phase style, and it must be grounded between the cables. The connection ways between different lengths of cables are in different ways, thus, it may occur influence to circuit parameters, especially to zero sequence impedance. In order to clarify the situation from theory analysis to calculate impedance under all kinds of connection modes, the paper gives an actual cable measured value, and introduces the correct measuring method, together, points out the matters needing attention in the measurement.
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Liu, Zhansheng, Guoliang Shi, Antong Jiang und Wenjie Li. „Intelligent Discrimination Method Based on Digital Twins for Analyzing Sensitivity of Mechanical Parameters of Prestressed Cables“. Applied Sciences 11, Nr. 4 (06.02.2021): 1485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11041485.
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The information collected on large-span prestressed cables by field sensors is susceptible to interference, which leads to inaccurate collection of structural and mechanical parameters of large-span prestressed cables, resulting in misjudgment of structural safety performance. This paper proposes an intelligent judgment method for improving the sensitivity of analyzing mechanical parameters of prestressed cables based on digital twins (DTs). The safety performance of the structure was evaluated by analyzing the mechanical parameters. First, the information during prestressed cable tensioning is dynamically sensed, thereby establishing a multidimensional model of structural analysis. The virtual model is processed by the model modification rule to improve the robustness of the simulation; thus, a DT framework for the sensitivity judgment of the mechanical parameters of the cable is built. In the twin model, the simulation data of the real structure were extracted. Probabilistic analysis was performed using the Dempster–Shafer(D–S) evidence theory to discriminate the sensitivity of mechanical parameters of each cable node under the action of external forces with high accuracy and intelligence. Sensitivity analysis provides a reliable basis for the safety performance assessment of structures. Taking the wheel–spoke-type cable truss as an example, the application of DTs and D–S evidence theory to the sensitivity determination of cable mechanical parameters under temperature fully verified that the proposed intelligent method can effectively evaluate the safety performance of the actual structure.
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Papastergiou, Georgia, und Ioannis Raftoyiannis. „The use of Classical Rolling Pendulum Bearings (CRPB) for vibration control of stay-cables“. MATEC Web of Conferences 148 (2018): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814802002.
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Cables are efficient structural elements that are used in cable-stayed bridges, suspension bridges and other cable structures. A significant problem which arose from the praxis is the cables’ rain-wind induced vibrations as these cables are subjected to environmental excitations. Rain-wind induced stay-cable vibrations may occur at different cable eigenfrequencies. Large amplitude Rain-Wind-Induced-Vibrations (RWIV) of stay cables are a challenging problem in the design of cable-stayed bridges. Several methods, including aerodynamic or structural means, have been investigated in order to control the vibrations of bridge’s stay-cables. The present research focuses on the effectiveness of a movable anchorage system with a Classical Rolling Pendulum Bearing (CRPB) device. An analytical model of cable-damper system is developed based on the taut string representation of the cable. The gathered integral-differential equations are solved through the use of the Lagrange transformation. . Finally, a case study with realistic geometrical parameters is also presented to establish the validity of the proposed system.
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Qiu, Jing, Rui Li Shen, Huai Guang Li und Xun Zhang. „Analysis of Structural Parameters of Cable-Stayed Suspension Bridges“. Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (Dezember 2010): 2068–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.2068.
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The cable-stayed suspension bridge is a novel composite structure with great overall stiffness and the capacity to span a long distance, which has been proposed for the design of some extra long-span bridges. To take further research on mechanical properties and behavior of this type of structure, the proposed preliminary design of a cable-stayed suspension bridge with a main span of 1800m is analyzed. The three-dimensional nonlinear analysis method is used to investigate systematically the influence of various principal structural parameters on the static and dynamic behavior of bridges. These parameters include the rise-span ratio, the suspension-to-span ratio, the constraint condition of the stiffened girder, the number of auxiliary piers at side spans, the layout of suspension cables, and the elastic modulus of suspension cables. Meanwhile, the selection of the rational values of these parameters is discussed.
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Kuihua, Mei, Sun Shengjiang, Jin Guoqing und Sun Yamin. „Static and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Long-Span Cable-Stayed Bridges Using CFRP Cables“. Advances in Civil Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6198296.
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The elastic modulus and deadweight of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) cables are different from those of steel cables. Thus, the static and dynamic behaviors of cable-stayed bridges using CFRP cables are different from those of cable-stayed bridges using steel cables. The static and dynamic performances of the two kinds of bridges with a span of 1000 m were studied using the numerical method. The effects of geometric nonlinear factors on static performance of the two kinds of cable-stayed bridges were analyzed. The live load effects and temperature effects of the two cable-stayed bridges were also analyzed. The influences of design parameters, including different structural systems, the numbers of auxiliary piers, and the space arrangement types of cable, on the dynamic performance of the cable-stayed bridge using CFRP cables were also studied. Results demonstrate that sag effect of the CFRP cable is much smaller than that of steel cable. The temperature effects of CFRP cable-stayed bridge are less than those of steel cable-stayed bridge. The vertical bending natural vibration frequency of the CFRP cable-stayed bridge is generally lower than that of steel cable-stayed bridge, whereas the torsional natural vibration frequency of the former is higher than that of the latter.
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Jasman, Nur Azira, Nur Adlin Lina Normisyidi, Yeak Sue Hoe, Ahmad Razin Zainal Abidin und Mohd Ridza Mohd Haniffah. „Numerical Calculation of Two-Dimensional Subsea Cable Tension Problem Using Minimization Approach“. MATEMATIKA 35, Nr. 4 (31.12.2019): 15–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/matematika.v35.n4.1261.
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Subsea cable laying is a risky and challenging operation faced by engineers, due to many uncertainties arise during the operation. In order to ensure that subsea cables are laid out diligently, the analysis of subsea cable tension during the laying operation is crucial. This study focuses on the fatigue failure of cables that will cause large hang-off loads based on catenary configuration after laying operation. The presented problem was addressed using mathematical modelling with consideration for a number of defining parameters, which include external forces such as current velocity and design parameters such as cable diameter. There were two types of subsea cable tension analyses studied: tensional analysis of catenary configurations and tensional analysis of lazy wave configurations. The latter involved a buoyancy module that was incorporated in the current catenary configuration that reduced subsea cable tension and enhanced subsea cable lifespan. Both analyses were solved using minimization through the gradient-based approach concerning on the tensional analysis of the subsea cable in differentconfigurations. Lazy wave configurations were shown to successfully reduce cable tension,especially at the hang-off section.
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Fu, Cuiwei, Xiaogang Qin und Yu Wang. „Effects of Parameter Uncertainties on Interaction between Submarine Telecommunication Cables and Lateral Seabed Movements“. Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (20.08.2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8824391.
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Submarine telecommunication cables are the physical backbone of the Internet. They are often buried shallowly beneath seabed and affected by seabed movements. Due to the long distance of cables and the complexity of submarine environment, interaction between cables and seabed movements inevitably involves various parameter uncertainties. However, effects of parameter uncertainties on submarine cable responses to seabed movements have not been fully investigated. This paper aims to address this problem using random finite element method (RFEM) that integrates finite element (FE) analysis with Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). First, deterministic FE analysis is performed to investigate cable responses to lateral seabed movements. Then MCS is implemented to study the effects of parameter uncertainties on cable responses. Statistical analysis of the MCS results is performed to prioritize the effects of parameter uncertainties on cable damage probability. Random field is also used to model spatial variability of soil parameters. Effect of the correlation length on cable damage probability is investigated. The results show that uncertainty of the anchored cable length La has the most significant effect on cable damage probability, while the effects of uncertainties in soil friction angle ϕ and effective unit weight γ′ are minor. Ignoring spatial variability of soil parameters may lead to significant misjudgment of cable damage risk.
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Soe, Theint Theint Thu, und San Yu Khaing. „Evaluation of Cable Force Changes Effects on Cable Stayed Bridge“. Civil Engineering Journal 6, Nr. 11 (01.11.2020): 2159–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2020-03091609.
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The proposed bridge, which is cable stayed bridge crosses the Hlaing River that flows through Western Yangon. It was completed in 2000 and is currently used to connect Insein Township with Hlaing Tharyar Township. It has the 20 years’ service life. It requires the inspection and the evaluation of the real condition of the structure. As cable element plays an important role in cable structures, evaluation of the real state of the stay cable is one of the main focuses of the cable stayed bridge. Firstly, in the research work all cables are inspected to evaluate the current condition of the cables with included visual inspection and vibration-based cable force measurement method. With the help of static and moving load analysis, the effect of force change cables in which the successive force changes are considered, and the possible cable loss effect on the structural behavior of the bridge are also investigated. The finite element model of the cable stayed bridge is developed based on the geometric shape and material properties from MOC and is modelled with finite element software MIDAS Civil. The tension forces obtained by inspection over years (2000 to 2018) using vibration-based measurements method are compared with the measured intact cable forces. According to the results of the data analysis, it is observed that the cables force variations of the seven cables are abnormal conditions. In order to evaluate the condition of a bridge effected by cable force variation, the two parameters are considered; percentage increase in tension stress of all cables and percentage increase in deflection of the deck. The present study describes the structural response of the bridge in order to evaluate the actual safety of the bridge with abnormal force change cables, and also examines the consequences of one cable failure. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091609 Full Text: PDF
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Hong, Shi Cong, Du Jian Zou, Ming Hai Wei und Kun Lin. „Effects of Supporting Member on the Nonlinear Parametric Resonance of a Cable“. International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 16, Nr. 02 (25.02.2016): 1450096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455414500965.
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The cables in cable-supported structures are commonly subjected to potentially damaging large amplitude motions mainly arising from parametric vibrations of the cables. This paper presents an analysis of the effects of supporting member on the nonlinear parametric vibration of a cable using a coupled cable-beam model. The proposed model considers the parameters of the beam and geometric nonlinearities of the cable. First, the multiple scales method is applied directly to the model, and by using the first-order equation, the frequency response and stability conditions are obtained. The effects of the mass ratio, stiffness ratio, and inclined angle of the coupled model are then evaluated. Then, the effects of these parameters on the parametric vibration characteristics of cable are investigated in terms of the maximum mid-span displacement and dynamic amplification factor. The results obtained represent an extension of the previous studies, which provide some useful insights into the design of cable-supported structures.
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Gao, Junguo, Zhipeng Ma, Wenhua Yang und Xiaohong Zhang. „Loss Simulation Analysis and Optimization of U-Groove Leaky Coaxial Cable“. Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2020 (20.06.2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9137979.
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Leakage coaxial cable is a kind of coaxial cable with various slot structures on the outer conductor of the cable. It can transmit signal and transmit or receive signal and has dual functions of signal transmission line and antenna. Leakage cable has the advantages of strong environmental adaptability, uniform signal coverage, and less attenuation. It is not only widely used in closed or semiclosed space with high signal reception quality, such as tunnels, subway, underground parking lot, and elevators but also can realize security and theft-proof monitoring and protection in some areas, such as oil wells, mining fields and natural resource protection areas, military fortresses, museums, airports, banks, and schools. This paper introduces the classification and electrical parameters of leaky coaxial cables. On the basis of U-groove leaky coaxial cables, the relationship between the parameters of groove holes in U-groove and the loss of leaky coaxial cables is simulated and analyzed by HFSS software. The improved method of U-groove structure is obtained, and the curved hook-groove leaky coaxial cables are designed according to this method. The simulation results show that the coupling loss of the cable is lower than that of the U-groove leakage cable, and the transmission loss is still within the national standard. It lays a theoretical foundation for the design and development of leaky coaxial cable with low coupling loss.
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Wagaye, Gebremedhn Wubet. „Performance Investigation of Coaxial Cable with Transmission Line Parameters Based on Lossy Dielectric Medium“. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 11, Nr. 2 (01.08.2018): 424. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v11.i2.pp424-428.
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<p>This paper presents the analysis of high performance for coaxial cable with transmission line parameters. The modeling for performance of coaxial cable contains many parameters, in this paper will discuss the more effective parameter is the type of dielectric mediums. This analysis of the performance related to dielectric mediums with respect to dielectric losses and its effect upon cable properties, dielectrics versus characteristic impedance, and the attenuation in the coaxial line for different dielectrics. The analysis depends on a simple mathematical model for coaxial cables to test the influence of the insulators (Dielectrics) performance.</p>
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Zaytsev, Evgeny. „Development of Calculation Methodology of Thermal Equivalent Circuit’s Parameters for Predicting Temperature of High Voltage Cable Lines 110 - 500 kV“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 792 (September 2015): 272–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.792.272.
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This paper is concerned with the development of techniques to the calculation of the thermal equivalent circuit parameters for the high-voltage cable line laid in the ground. The topology of the scheme was developed in author’s previous publication. This article discusses the parameters of the circuit which simulate the environment of the cable line. Calculation techniques of these parameters are described for cables laid in a plane and a trefoil pattern. The proposed scheme allows one to predict heating of cables on the day ahead in order to prevent thermal degradation of the insulation.
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Korolchenko, Dmitry, Tatiana Eremina und Leonid Tanklevsky. „Operation of cable lines under fire conditions“. E3S Web of Conferences 221 (2020): 02007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202022102007.
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Branched cable communications are carriers of fire load, they are tracks along which fire spreads in buildings and structures. Therefore, currently, fire safety of cables is one of the most important tasks of the cable industry. The spread of flames in vertical bunch wiring depends on the following factors: the amount of combustible material that is exposed to high temperatures, geometric shapes of cables and their mutual location when laying, the ignition temperature of gases emitted by cables, the volume of combustible gases emitted by cables at a certain elevated temperature, the room capacity and volume of air passing through the cable structure, cable devices. Analysis of regulatory documents revealed some key differences in the methodology of standards. It was found that the spread of fire is not only affected by the volume of laid cables, but also by their mutual placement in space. A direct correlation was found between the influence of the crosssection of the cable core and preservation of the cable line in case of fire. Parameters were determined for the preservation of serviceability under fire exposure in the case of bunch and in the case of single wiring. It has been determined that it is impossible to spread the results of fire tests in case of single wiring in accordance with GOST IEC 60331-21-2011 and in case of bunch wiring in accordance with GOST IEC 60332-3-22-2011 to the results of tests in accordance with GOST R 53316-2009 for the preservation of operability of cable lines. The parameters of fire resistance and operability of cable products under the influence of flame depending on the type of cables and the method of their installation have been determined.
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Du, Hong, Da Yang Liu, Fu Wei Huang und Jing Bo Liao. „Method of Bending Stiffness Parameter Identification of Stay Cable“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 777 (Juli 2015): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.777.52.
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In order to solve the problem of bending stiffness parameters identification of practical stay-cable, and provide bending stiffness correction for tension measurement. A method to identify cable bending stiffness parameters is proposed, and its basis theory established in paper. The method was applied to Xiazhang Sea-Crossing Bridge, the results showed that: Identification bending stiffness ratio is between 0.33 to 0.54 for relatively short cables of South Branch Bridge, and it tends to decrease with increase of cable length and force. However, the identification bending stiffness is close or equal to 0 EImax for relatively long cable of North Branch Bridge. It testified that the effect of bending stiffness for long cable tension is small in engineering.
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Di, Fangdian, Lin Chen und Limin Sun. „Optimal Design of Dampers for Multi-Mode Cable Vibration Control Based on Genetic Algorithm“. International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 21, Nr. 04 (19.02.2021): 2150058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455421500589.
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Cables in cable-stayed bridges are subjected to the problem of multi-mode vibrations. Particularly, the first ten modes of long cables can have a frequency less than 3[Formula: see text]Hz and hence are vulnerable to wind-rain induced vibrations. In practice, mechanical dampers are widely used to mitigate such cable vibrations and thus they have to be designed to provide sufficient damping for all the concerned vibration modes. Meanwhile, the behaviors of practical dampers are complicated and better to be described by mechanical models with many parameters. Furthermore, additional mechanical components such as inerters and negative stiffness devices have been proposed to enhance the damper performance on cables. Therefore, it is increasingly difficult to optimize the damper parameters for suppressing multi-mode cable vibrations. To address this issue, this study proposes a novel damper design method based on the genetic algorithm (GA). The procedure of the method is first introduced where the damper performance optimization is formulated as a single-objective multi-parameter optimization problem. The effectiveness of the method is then verified by considering a viscous damper on a stay cable. Subsequently, the method is applied to optimize three typical dampers for cable vibration control, i.e. the positive stiffness damper, the negative stiffness damper, and the viscous inertial mass damper. The results show that the GA-based method is effective and efficient for cable damper design to achieve best multi-mode control effect and it is particularly useful for dampers with more parameters.
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Feng, Huan, Xiucheng Liu, Bin Wu, Donghang Wu, Xiaodong Zhang und Cunfu He. „Temperature-insensitive cable tension monitoring during the construction of a cable-stayed bridge with a custom-developed pulse elasto-magnetic instrument“. Structural Health Monitoring 18, Nr. 5-6 (29.11.2018): 1982–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475921718814733.
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Pulse elasto-magnetic method has numerous applications for monitoring cable tension force in cable-stayed bridges. In conventional pulse elasto-magnetic measurements, the feature parameters in frequency domain are seldom discussed. In this study, attempts are made to seek new parameters in frequency domain which are mainly influenced by cable tension force and less sensitive to temperature. A custom-developed pulse elasto-magnetic instrument is employed to conduct cable tension monitoring in the construction stage of a cable-stayed bridge. The field testing results show that only after temperature compensation, the monitoring results of the feature parameters extracted from the magnetic characteristic curve can reflect the stepped changes of cable tension force. Surprisingly, a new frequency-domain parameter, the summation of spectra amplitudes in a carefully selected frequency range, is found to be insensitive to temperature and can well reflect the stepped change behavior of cable tension force. The feasibility of this temperature-insensitive parameter for cable force measurements was verified by field test in two stay cables. The averaged value of the new parameter at each stage linearly depends on cable tension force. The findings about the new frequency-domain parameter may facilitate temperature-insensitive cable tension monitoring in cable-stayed bridge with a pulse elasto-magnetic instrument.
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Wang, Yulong, Xiaohong Zhang, Lili Li, Jinyang Du und Junguo Gao. „Design of Partial Discharge Test Environment for Oil-Filled Submarine Cable Terminals and Ultrasonic Monitoring“. Energies 12, Nr. 24 (14.12.2019): 4774. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12244774.
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Based on the principle of operating an oil-filled-cable operation and the explanation of the oil-filling process provided in the cable operation and maintenance manual of submarine cables, this study investigated oil-pressure variation caused by gas generated as a result of cable faults. First, a set of oil-filled cables and their terminal oil-filled simulation system were designed in the laboratory, and a typical oil-filled-cable fault model was established according to the common faults of oil-filled cables observed in practice. Thereafter, ultrasonic signals of partial discharge (PD) under different fault models were obtained via validation experiments, which were performed by using oil-filled-cable simulation equipment. Subsequently, the ultrasonic signal mechanism was analyzed; these signals were generated via electric, thermal, and acoustic expansion and contraction, along with electric, mechanical, and acoustic electrostriction. Finally, upon processing the 400 experimental data groups, four practical parameters—maximum amplitude of the ultrasonic signal spectrum, Dmax, maximum frequency of the ultrasonic signals, fmax, average ultrasonic signal energy, Dav, and the ultrasonic signal amplitude coefficient, M—were designed to characterize the ultrasonic signals. These parameters can be used for subsequent pattern recognition. Thus, in this study, the terminal PD of an oil-filled marine cable was monitored.
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Gontar, Yuliya, Lesya Shchebenyuk und Stanislav Antonets. „THERMAL PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF DETERMINATION OF LOAD CAPACITY MEDIUM VOLTAGE POWER CABLES WITH CROSS-POLYETHYLENE INSULATION IN STATIONARY OPERATING MODES“. Energy saving. Power engineering. Energy audit., Nr. 10(152) (24.04.2021): 54–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2313-8890.2020.09.07.
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Currently, the development trends of global medium voltage cable networks are aimed at the introduction of cables with cross-linked polyethylene insulation. Such cables have a higher operating temperature, which allows to increase their throughput, and increased stability when working in conditions of overload and short circuits. It is possible to determine the allowable heat and electrical loads only if the heat balance is observed. Fundamentally important for solving the problems of heat balance is the significant dependence of thermal conductivity and heat capacity of polyethylene insulation on temperature. It is established that the capacity of the cable, determined by regulatory models and average environmental parameters, provides only preliminary information about its heating. For certain requirements and for innovative cable designs, a necessary condition for determining the load capacity in real stationary modes of operation is the use of the heat balance model. A system of mathematical equations is proposed, which due to the combination of structural and thermophysical parameters of the cable with the conditions of the external environment allows to determine the parameters of the stationary thermal regime of the cable at any load current.
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Chen, Shui Sheng, und De Shan Wang. „Research on the Modal Damping Ratio for Stay Cable with Viscoselasticity Damper in Cable-Stayed Bridges“. Advanced Materials Research 779-780 (September 2013): 671–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.779-780.671.
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Taking the bending stiffness, cable static sag and cable inclined angle into consideration, equations of space free vibration of the cable-damper system are derived in this paper. Joining the variable separation strategy and center difference method, the partial differential equations are discretized in space and a set of complex eigenvalue equations, which are solved by state space method, are derived, and both the maximum modal damping ration and the optimal damper parameter are obtained. Several typical stay cables are investigated for both the in-plane and out-of-plane modes under different cable parameters and damper parameters. The results demonstrate that modal damping ratio for the first in-plane mode is significantly affected by the cable static sag only, but those for the other modes affected by cable sag are slight, and cable static sag do not affect the optimal damper parameter for all modes, however the bending stiffness will changes both the maximum modal damping ratios and the optimal damper parameters. Some valuable suggestions are proposed for the optimal damper design.
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Burstein, Leonid, und Asher Bohbot. „Attenuation-Based Cable Design for High-Quality Manufacturing“. International Journal of Manufacturing, Materials, and Mechanical Engineering 7, Nr. 2 (April 2017): 63–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmmme.2017040104.
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The original design model for defining the attenuation of manufactured cables was derived and fitted to experimental data. The model relationship connects attenuation with some parameters of cable design and testing: copper wire, aluminum, and insulation thicknesses, cable impedance, test frequency, and lay length. Defined expression was used for Monte-Carlo simulation of the cable attenuation prediction. With developed MATLAB program, a special graphical user interface was created. After assigning the desired parameters, this interface generates a plot with distribution of the attenuation values and required attenuation limit, and outputs defined mean attenuation, its 98% error, and numbers of values that get in and out of the limiting value. Data of calculations were verified by experiments and reveal good concurrence with the actual data. The realized fitting and simulation procedure, together with developed programs and created interface can be used as compact tool for designing cables with optimal parameters.
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Zhang, Qing, Li Xue, Tian Wei He, Xian Rong Qin und Yuan Tao Sun. „Studies on Cable’s Parameters Based on the Cable-Truss Mixed Model“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 105-107 (September 2011): 2229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.105-107.2229.
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The steel strand cables can effectively stand for the horizontal wind load, enhance the lateral stiffness of the lifting stand, reduce the horizontal displacement of the tower and improve the overall stability. Based on a cable-truss mixed finite element model, in which the cables are simulated via the equivalent elastic modulus method, cable’s parameters, including the tilt angle, initial stress and layout of cables are analyzed. With the increasing of initial stress of cables, the lateral stiffness and overall stabalitily of the structure is improved greatly. And a certain range of tilt angle can effectively enhance the overall mechanical performances, insufficient or overlarge tilt angle are disadvantage of the overall structural strength and stability.
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Yuan, Han, Xianghui You, Yongqing Zhang, Wenjing Zhang und Wenfu Xu. „A Novel Calibration Algorithm for Cable-Driven Parallel Robots with Application to Rehabilitation“. Applied Sciences 9, Nr. 11 (28.05.2019): 2182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9112182.
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Cable-driven parallel robots are suitable candidates for rehabilitation due to their intrinsic flexibility and adaptability, especially considering the safety of human–robot interaction. However, there are still some challenges to apply cable-driven parallel robots to rehabilitation, one of which is the geometric calibration. This paper proposes a new automatic calibration method that is applicable for cable-driven parallel rehabilitation robots. The key point of this method is to establish the mapping between the unknown parameters to be calibrated and the parameters that could be measured by the inner sensors and then use least squares algorithm to find the solutions. Specifically, the unknown parameters herein are the coordinates of the attachment points, and the measured parameters are the lengths of the redundant cables. Simulations are performed on a 3-DOF parallel robot driven by four cables for validation. Results show that the proposed calibration method could precisely find the real coordinate values of the attachment points, with errors less than 10 − 12 mm. Trajectory simulations also indicate that the positioning accuracy of the cable-driven parallel robot (CDPR) could be greatly improved after calibration using the proposed method.
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Grzechca, Damian, Dariusz Zieliński und Wojciech Filipowski. „What Is the Effect of Outer Jacket Degradation on the Communication Parameters? A Case Study of the Twisted Pair Cable Applied in the Railway Industry“. Energies 14, Nr. 4 (12.02.2021): 972. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14040972.
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Among the variety of problems encountered in transmission lines, the outer jacket degradation-derived faults of communication cables in railway applications have a significant impact on the transmission line parameters, especially if the cables are exposed to extremely varying environmental conditions, such as temperature deviation and humidity changes. In this paper, an advanced model of a twisted pair communication cable is proposed, together with approximated degradation functions for distributed parameters of the model, such as the shielding inductance, resistance, and capacitance per meter of cable length. This allows for gathering the distributed parameters for the proposed model under specific environmental conditions. The degradation functions for the parameters have been identified and compared with simulation results, including the communication speed and frequency band, and it has been confirmed that the transmission reliability depends on the cable condition. The authors discuss the influence of outer jacket degradation on signal behavior in terms of time and frequency domains that should be considered while developing new signaling devices for railway transportation.
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Lu, Zhifei, Chen Cao, Yongqiang Ge, Jiamin He, Zhou Yu, Jiawang Chen und Xinlong Zheng. „Research on Improving the Working Efficiency of Hydraulic Jet Submarine Cable Laying Machine“. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, Nr. 7 (05.07.2021): 745. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9070745.
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The anchoring and hooking of ships, bedrock friction and biological corrosion threaten the safety and stability of submarine cables. A hydraulic jet submarine cable laying machine manages to bury the submarine cables deep into the seabed, and effectively reduces the occurrence of external damage to the submarine cables. This machine uses a hydraulic jet system to realize trenching on the seabed. However, the hydraulic jet submarine cable laying machine has complicated operation and high power consumption with high requirements on the mother ship, and it is not yet the mainstream trenching method. In this paper, a mathematical model for the hydraulic jet nozzle of the submarine cable laying machine is established, and parameters that affect the trenching efficiency are studied. The effects of jet target distance, flow, angle and nozzle spacing on the working efficiency of the burying machine are analyzed by setting up a double-nozzle model. The results of the theory, numerical simulation and experiment show that the operational efficiency of the hydraulic jet submarine cable laying machine can be distinctly improved by setting proper jet conditions and parameters.
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Shcherba, A. A., A. D. Podoltsev und I. M. Kucheriava. „SYSTEM FOR REMOTE MONITORING OF HIGH-VOLTAGE CABLE LINE STATE“. Praci elektrodinamiki Nacionalanoi akademii nauk Ukraini Institutu 2020, Nr. 57 (02.12.2020): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/publishing2020.57.010.
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The article proposes a device for remote monitoring of high-voltage cable line state. The device gives a possibility to measure simultaneously several diagnostic characteristics, i.e. the temperature of cable outer sheath, electric current in cable core, capacitive current to earth and uses a specially designed internal electric power source that directly converts the energy of cable electromagnetic field into electric energy with necessary parameters. By computer simulation, the temperature field distribution in the cable cores of 330 kV cable line is determined and the quantitative relationship between the directly measured temperature on the cable outer sheath and the temperature values of the cable core and insulation, which are important diagnostic characteristics of the thermal state of power cables is revealed. References 5, figures 3.
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Fattah, Abbas, und Sunil K. Agrawal. „On the Design of Cable-Suspended Planar Parallel Robots“. Journal of Mechanical Design 127, Nr. 5 (28.10.2004): 1021–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1903001.
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In this paper we present a workspace analysis methodology that can be applied for optimal design of cable-suspended planar parallel robots. The significant difference between regular parallel robots and cable-suspended parallel robots is that the cables in cable-suspended robots can only carry tension forces. The workspace of a planar cable robot is characterized as the set of points where a reference point of moving platform can reach with tensions in all suspension cables. In the design of cable-suspended parallel robots, the suspension points of the cables, size and shape of the moving platform are the design variables. The workspace area and global condition index are used as the objective functions to optimize the design parameters. The global condition index is a measure of isotropicity of the manipulator. The design variables are determined for different numbers of cables using both objective functions at a specified orientation and also at different orientations of moving platform. Experimental results to measure the workspace area demonstrate the effectiveness of this method.
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Mei, Kuihua, Guoqing Jin und Shengjiang Sun. „Nonlinear vibrations of CFRP cables excited by periodic motions of supports in cable-stayed bridges“. Journal of Vibration and Control 24, Nr. 22 (07.01.2018): 5249–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546317750503.
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Owing to its excellent non-corrosiveness and fatigue resistance, a carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) stay cable is an ideal alternative to overcome corrosion and fatigue problems associated with the traditional steel cable. However, stay cables are prone to various oscillations under wind, rain, and traffic loading. The vibrations of CFRP stay cables excited by periodic motions of the girder and/or pylons were studied and compared with those of steel cables. A nonlinear dynamic model for in-plane and out-of-plane vibrations of stay cables was proposed. Particularly, the geometrical nonlinearity of the cables was considered in this model. On the basis of this model, numerical solutions were obtained for CFRP cables and steel cables with the same conditions. Furthermore, the effects of important parameters on vibrations were discussed. These parameters included cable tensions, excitation amplitudes, and damping ratios. Results demonstrate that small excitation amplitudes may lead to forced vibrations or parametric vibrations with substantial amplitudes when natural frequencies of the cables are approximately half or one time of excitation frequencies. The maximal vibration responses of CFRP cables are weaker than those of steel cables when their lengths are substantial. As static tensions of the cables decrease, the “beating” frequencies and the maximal amplitudes of the vibrations increase.
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Schetelig, B., J. Keghie, R. Kanyou Nana, L. O. Fichte, S. Potthast und S. Dickmann. „Simplified modeling of EM field coupling to complex cable bundles“. Advances in Radio Science 8 (01.10.2010): 211–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-8-211-2010.
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Abstract. In this contribution, the procedure "Equivalent Cable Bundle Method" is used for the simplification of large cable bundles, and it is extended to the application on differential signal lines. The main focus is on the reduction of twisted-pair cables. Furthermore, the process presented here allows to take into account cables with wires that are situated quite close to each other. The procedure is based on a new approach to calculate the geometry of the simplified cable and uses the fact that the line parameters do not uniquely correspond to a certain geometry. For this reason, an optimization algorithm is applied.
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Shi, Jian Ming, Dong Zhou, Jie Geng und Chuan Lv. „Research on Flexible Cables Simulation Based on CATIA/DELMIA“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 26-28 (Juni 2010): 800–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.26-28.800.
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Digital design and assembly of cables is a most important and difficult problem in mechanical industry. The paper solved the problem through the CAD/CAE software. Firstly, 3-D model of electrical bundle was built in the digital mock-up. The model reflected the parameters of the bundle exactly. After the design of cables, the simulation of cable moving was developed. The flexible feature of cable was displayed in the animation. It was an exciting achievement of this article, which can be used in the virtual assembly of cables to detect design problems. Besides the maintenance process containing cable plug and pull was simulated. The ergonomics was then tested in the form of virtual maintenance.
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WANG, YAN-LIN, KE-YI WANG, ZI-XING ZHANG, LIANG-LIANG CHEN und ZONG-JUN MO. „MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS ANALYSIS OF A BIONIC MUSCLE CABLE-DRIVEN LOWER LIMB REHABILITATION ROBOT“. Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 20, Nr. 10 (Dezember 2020): 2040037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519420400370.
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Cable-driven parallel robots (CDPR) have been well used in the rehabilitation field. However, the cables can provide the tension in a single direction, there is a pseudo-drag phenomenon of the cables in the CDPR, which will have a great impact on the safety of patients. Therefore, the novelty of this work is that a bionic muscle cable is used to replace the ordinary cable in the CDPR, which can solve the pseudo-drag phenomenon of the cables in the CDPR and improve the safety performance of the rehabilitation robot. The cable-driven lower limb rehabilitation robot with bionic muscle cables is called as the bionic muscle cable-driven lower limb rehabilitation robot (BMCDLR). The motion planning of the rigid branch chain of the BMCDLR is studied, and the dynamics and system stiffness of the BMCDLR are analyzed based on the man–machine model in this paper. The influence of the parameters of the elastic elements in the bionic muscle cables on the mechanical characteristics of the BMCDLR system was analyzed by using simulation experiments. The research results can provide a reference basis for research on the safety evaluation and control methods of the BMCDLR system.
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Liu, Hao Su, Jun Dong, Yun Yang und Jin Qiao Gao. „Analysis of Seismic Response for an Extradosed Cable-Stayed Curved Bridge Based on Different Design Parameters“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 226-228 (November 2012): 1551–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.226-228.1551.
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Based on the characteristics of low tower and few cables in extradosed Cable-Stayed bridges, simulation models are established for investigations of structural dynamic characteristics under different design parameters, which is related to the practical engineering of Longjing Bridge. As the design radius and pier beam connection form are chosen for the variable, the paper is focus on the influence of dynamic characteristics under the two parameters in extradosed cable-stayed curved bridges. Since the earthquake response spectrum data from National seismic code in 2008 and with the CQC vibration mode combination method, the diversified models are built by Midas/civil so as to explore the earthquake response mechanism under different design parameters. The result show that these two design parameters have some great impacts on dynamic characteristics of extradosed cable-stayed curved bridges, which has direct effect on the bridge seismic performance. The conclusion is the important reference for practical engineering and providing basis for seismic design parameters, but also for seismic design and construction in extradosed cable-stayed curved bridges.
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Nadim, Farzan, und Jorge Golowasch. „Signal Transmission Between Gap-Junctionally Coupled Passive Cables Is Most Effective at an Optimal Diameter“. Journal of Neurophysiology 95, Nr. 6 (Juni 2006): 3831–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00033.2006.
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We analyze simple morphological configurations that represent gap-junctional coupling between neuronal processes or between muscle fibers. Specifically, we use cable theory and simulations to examine the consequences of current flow from one cable to other gap-junctionally coupled passive cables. When the proximal end of the first cable is voltage clamped, the amplitude of the electrical signal in distal portions of the second cable depends on the cable diameter. However, this amplitude does not simply increase if cable diameter is increased, as expected from the larger length constant; instead, an optimal diameter exists. The optimal diameter arises because the dependency of voltage attenuation along the second cable on cable diameter follows two opposing rules. As cable diameter increases, the attenuation decreases because of a larger length constant yet increases because of a reduction in current density arising from the limiting effect of the gap junction on current flow into the second cable. The optimal diameter depends on the gap junction resistance and cable parameters. In branched cables, dependency on diameter is local and thus may serve to functionally compartmentalize branches that are coupled to other cells. Such compartmentalization may be important when periodic signals or action potentials cause the current flow across gap junctions.
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SHI, PENGSHUAI, und LEWEI TANG. „DIMENSIONAL SYNTHESIS OF A GAIT REHABILITATION CABLE-SUSPENDED ROBOT ON MINIMUM 2-NORM TENSIONS“. Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 21, Nr. 06 (23.07.2021): 2150046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519421500469.
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A new design of gait rehabilitation robot with cable-suspended configuration is proposed. Due to the under-constrained nature, it enables reducing the constraint feeling of patients. Cables are attached to cuffs mounted on the leg. A detailed mechanical design is presented and a kinematics model is developed. Dimensional synthesis is performed in two steps. First, the cable disposition should be determined within a range to maintain cable-suspended configuration using the minimum 2-norm solution of tensions. Second, the optimal cable disposition is achieved with the Root Mean Square of tension solutions. Gait rehabilitation robots with three or four cables are discussed and compared to determine dimensional parameters in terms of the locations of pulleys. A simulation model with ADAMS software is presented and the cable module is utilized to imitate the cable-driven system in real. Tension distribution is obtained from the simulation model, which is employed in comparison with the calculated values. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented method.
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Hoshmeh, Abdullah, Uwe Schmidt und Akif Gürlek. „Investigations on the Developed Full Frequency- Dependent Cable Model for Calculations of Fast Transients“. Energies 11, Nr. 9 (11.09.2018): 2390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11092390.
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The knowledge about the behavior of cables is substantial in cases of transients or in cases of faults. However, there are only a few models that are tailored to the current requirements for calculations of transient phenomena in three-phase cable systems. These models are based on complex structures. PI-section cable models with simple structures were previously qualified only for calculations in the frequency domain. A new full frequency-dependent cable model to simulate transient phenomena is introduced and validated. The model is based on lumped parameters with cascaded frequency-dependent PI-sections. For the implementation and the integration in simulation tools, it is important to investigate the impact of the PI-section parameters to the accuracy, the stability and the mathematical robustness. In this work, the impact of the frequency dependence of cable parameters, the length distribution and the number of PI-sections on the results of the developed three-phase cable model have been discussed. For simulations in the time domain, two algorithms have been presented to optimize the number of PI-sections based on a specified accuracy.
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Fu, Chen-Zhao, Wen-Rong Si, Duo Yang und Jian Yang. „Numerical Study of Heat Transfer and Optimum Design for Trench Laying Cables with Ceramic Plates“. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (08.09.2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1227817.
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Trench laying cables are often used at inlet and outlet regions of a power distribution cabinet. In order to improve the heat transfer performance and extend service life of a trench laying cable, the heat transfer and cable ampacity of the trench laying cable with a ceramic plate were numerically studied in the present paper and the results were compared with those of a traditional trench laying cable. The variations of conductor loss and eddy current loss of different loop cables were discussed in the trench with a ceramic plate, and the effects of ceramic plate parameters on heat transfer performance of the trench laying cable were optimized using the Taguchi method. It is found that for the trench with ceramic plates, although the ceramic plate restrains the natural convection in the trench, the total heat transfer for natural convection and thermal radiation are enhanced for the cables and the cable ampacity can be improved. The difference of electromagnetic loss between the upper- and lower-layer cables in the trench with ceramic plate is quite small. When the cable core current (I) increases from 700 A to 1100 A, the maximum difference of averaged electromagnetic loss between the upper- and lower-layer cables is 1.22%. With the Taguchi method, an optimum parameter combination is obtained. When the length, thickness, and surface emissivity of the ceramic plate are equal to 0.48 m, 0.0734 m, and 0.8, respectively, at I = 900 A, the cable maximum temperature in the trench is the lowest.
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Cao, Shan Shan, Jun Qing Lei und Kun Zhang. „The Non-Probabilistic Reliability Analysis of Stayed-Cable Based on the Interval Algorithm“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 455 (November 2013): 267–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.455.267.
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Based on the existing cable failure problems, two features of cable failure problems areput forward. The cablescannot be measured precisely and their characteristics cannot be predicted certainly. In order toanalyze the reliability of cables more reasonably, non-probabilistic reliability theory and its development status are introducedin this article. And the theory of modified one dimensional optimization algorithm is appliedto thereliability analysis of stayed-cable. Its results are comparedwith the results of the probabilistic reliability analysis of stayed-cable. Then the parameters analyses of cableare taken, as a result, the main factors that haveobviouslyinfluence on the reliability of the cable are presented in the article.
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Hua, Xiaotao, Yan Liu, Haiyang Sun und Jianru Chen. „Design and development of anchoring positioning control system for riprap leveling ship“. E3S Web of Conferences 233 (2021): 04007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123304007.
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It is very important to level foundation bed by riprap in water and soil engineering. In this paper, a real-time feedback convergence control method is proposed to control the position and heading angle of the riprap leveling ship. The wind, wave, current and hydrodynamic parameters are obtained by empirical formula; the tension of four cables is calculated according to the balance equation of six degrees of freedom, and then the cable deformation is obtained. According to the deformation of the cable, the length of the cable in a certain equilibrium state can be obtained. The length of four cables can be lengthened or shortened by comparing the length of cables at two balanced positions. The length of cables can be controlled by winch to complete the anchoring and positioning control of leveling ship.
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Huang, Yi-Xin, Hao Tian und Yang Zhao. „Effects of Cable on the Dynamics of a Cantilever Beam with Tip Mass“. Shock and Vibration 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7698729.
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The dynamic effects of cable attachment on a cantilever beam with tip mass are investigated by an improved Chebyshev spectral element method. The cabled beam is modeled as a double-beam system connected by springs at several discrete locations. By utilizing high order Chebyshev polynomials as basis functions and meshing the system at the locations of connections, precise numerical results of the natural frequencies and mode shapes can be obtained using only a few elements. The accuracy of this method is validated through comparing the results of finite element method and those of spectral element method in literature. The validated method is implemented to investigate the effects of parameters, including spring stiffness, number of connections, density, and Young’s modulus of cable. The results show that the mode shapes of the cabled beam system can be classified into two types: beam mode shapes and cable mode shapes, according to their main deformation. Their corresponding natural frequencies change in very different ways with the variation of system parameters. This work can be applied to optimize the dynamic characteristics of precise spacecraft structures with cable attachments.
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Goryachev, M. P., M. F. Sadykov und D. A. Yaroslavskiy. „Method for control the mechanical parameters of overhead power lines based on improved inclinometry“. Power engineering: research, equipment, technology 21, Nr. 3 (29.11.2019): 160–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2019-21-3-160-171.
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Structural elements of overhead power transmission lines are experiencing both horizontal and vertical loads. Wires and cables are elements of the overhead power line, on which changes in mechanical loads are observed to a greater degree. This occurs due to the change in the tension force of the wire/cable depending on the temperature and the formation of icy-rime deposits on it, as well as fluctuations in wind gusts. The article describes the most common systems and methods for determining the mechanical loads on an overhead power transmission line. A method is proposed for calculating the mechanical loads on an overhead transmission line based on mathematical models of a flexible wire, rope and a model for determining ice deposits on wires, taking into account the rotation of the wire/cable around its axis. A comparison of the improved inclinometry method with the method developed earlier for the case of formation of ice deposits on the S-50 cable has been carried out. A comparison was made on the error in determining the tension of the S-50 ground-wire protection cable using the method developed to control the mechanical parameters of overhead power lines, which takes into account the wire/cable rotation around its axis and the method for determining icy-rime deposits developed earlier. The developed method allows determining the elongation of the wire/cable in the span with one anchor support, as well as the strength of its tension with greater accuracy. However, additional clarification is required due to the influence of the wind, the formation of icy-rime deposits of various shapes, as well as the structural limitations of the wire/cable rotation when attaching it to the support.
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Novak, S., O. Dobrostan, V. Drizhd und P. Illyuchenko. „RESEARCH OF FIRE RESISTANCE OF CABLE PUNCHES WITH THE APPLICATION OF REACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION MATERIAL "ENDOTHERM HT-150"“. Scientific bulletin: Сivil protection and fire safety 1, Nr. 2 (12.02.2020): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33269/nvcz.2019.2.3-13.
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The results of the study of fire resistance of cable penetrations, in the design of which used a reactive fire protection material "Endotherm HT-150". The research methodology based on the provisions of DSTU B B.1.1-8, DSTU-N B EN 1991-1-2, DSTU-N B EN 1992-1-2 has been applied. The essence of this technique is that samples of cable penetrations are installed in a vertical support structure of the furnace. At the stage of fire exposure under the standard temperature regime and at the stage of cooling the furnace, temperature is measured on the unheated surface of the specimens, and their behavior is observed (cracks, holes, flames appear on the unheated side of the specimens). According to the experimental data, the integrity and thermal insulation capacity of cable penetrations are evaluated. According to the results of the research, the characteristics of fire resistance of cable penetrations with the use of reactive fire protection material "Endotherm HT-150" were determined. It is established that the design parameters of these cable penetrations significantly affect their fire resistance. So the cable penetrations, in which the cables are laid in steel boxes with reactive fire protection coating, correspond to the class of fire resistance EI 150. Cable penetration, in which cables with a reactive fire protection coating directly pass through the enclosure structure, corresponds to the class of fire resistance EI 90. Under fire conditions, the temperature on the unheated surface is of the lowest value for the cable penetration, in which the structural steel boxes are used. For a cable duct with a solid steel box, this temperature is several tens of degrees higher. The highest temperature on the unheated surface is provided by the cable penetration, in the construction of which no steel box is used. The direction of further researches which are focused on revealing of influence of parameters of a steel cable box, a protective structure, fire protection lining with application of reactive fire protection material and brands of cables on the fire resistance of cable penetrations is determined.
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Kolosov, Dmytro, Olena Bilous, Hanna Tantsura und Serhii Onyshchenko. „Stress-Strain State of a Flat Tractive-Bearing Element of a Lifting and Transporting Machine at Operational Changes of its Parameters“. Solid State Phenomena 277 (Juni 2018): 188–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.277.188.
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Main indicators of a stress-strain state of a rubber-cable belt, the rubber-cable rope for a random placement pattern and the size of the part with broken cables, including partially removed cables, with cable breakages and their random amount, different conditions of belt interaction in its cross-sections of connection to structural elements of a conveyor and a lifting machine to ensure control of its tractive ability during the life cycle. Performed researches clarify the idea of the interaction mechanism of reinforcing elements in composite materials of layered structure with hard and soft layers. Obtained results can be used for development and justification of a unified technology of creation and engineering support of operation of lifting and transporting machines with flat tractive-bearing elements with increased life-span, level of efficiency and operational safety in systems of extraction, transportation and processing of minerals.
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Wang, Weisheng, und Jilin Wang. „Design of Flying-Bird Type Cable Stayed Arch Bridge with Three-Leaf Rose Shaped CFST Arch Rib“. E3S Web of Conferences 293 (2021): 02010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129302010.
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According to the geometric figure of three-leaf rose curve, this paper puts forward a flying-bird type cable-stayed arch bridge with three-leaf rose curve shaped CFST arch rib, which has beautiful appearance and one bridge leads to three banks.The space cables are set between the three-leaf rose linear space arch ribs to resist negative bending moment, and the tie cables are set between the arch feet to resist positive bending moment. On the inclined pylon at the tail of the flying-bird type cable-stayed arch bridge, the stay-cables are arranged to balance the arch thrust, and the suspension-cables are arranged on the three leaf rose linear spatial arch ribs to hang the three fork bridge deck.The flying-bird type cable-stayed arch bridge with three-leaf rose linear CFST arch rib adopts spatial cable structure system, which has good structural stability.Combined with the actual project, the engineering parameters are designed, the Midas finite element analysis model is established, the internal force analysis and modal analysis are carried out, and the rationality of flying-bird type cable-stayed arch bridge with three-leaf rose linear CFST arch rib is verified.
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Khafizov, F. Sh, und Zh da K. Novikova Freyre Shavier. „Methodological Approaches to the Development of an Integral Criterion for Assessing the Condition of 6 kV Power Cables at the Industrial Enterprises“. Occupational Safety in Industry, Nr. 10 (Oktober 2020): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2020-10-71-76.
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The problem of energy security of industrial enterprises is considered, which is directly related to the technical condition of 6 kV power cables with impregnated paper insulation. The conclusion is made about the need for a unified approach to the prevention of accidents caused by faults and cable defects. The task is to conduct a study and develop an integral criterion that allows identifying the current technical condition of 6 kV power cables. To carry out these studies, a special experimental setup was created in the diagnostic laboratory of the Ufa State Petroleum Technical University. The developed research method is based on the theory of non-destructive testing. Analysis of the research results based on the analysis of input and output signals of various frequencies, taking into account the characteristics of the power cable, confirmed the fact of changes in the measured values. This indicates the presence of damage and defects inside the cable. Diagnostic parameters were obtained during the research. The relationship between these parameters and the characteristic level of cable defects and damages is established. Using an artificial neural network, integral diagnostic parameters were formed, and an integral criterion was developed. The use of this criterion will allow to identify faults and defects in power cables and track the dynamics of their development, predict the residual resource of cables, and transfer them to maintenance according to their actual condition. All this will further increase the safety and efficiency of electrical equipment operation at the industrial enterprises.