Dissertationen zum Thema „Bourgeoisie – Jura (France) – 19e siècle“
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Borgeaud, Olivier. „Être bourgeois dans le vignoble du Jura au XIXè siècle“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2021. https://books.openedition.org/pufc/51708.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFrance was still largely a rural country in the 19th century, yet historiography seems to have favoured a thorough study of the bourgeoisie in towns while neglecting to turn its attention to the bourgeoisie in villages. Drawing on public archives, private sources and extensive correspondence, this research seeks to draw together all aspects of bourgeois family life as lived year-round in the countryside. More than a social grouping of the middle class, the rural bourgeoisie can be defined through its position at the heart of rural communities over an extended period of time, in continuity with the social order of the 18th century. “To be bourgeois” strongly implies prosperity and in most cases the ownership of land and property. The notion of work may be essential to a definition of the city bourgeois, but makes less sense in villages where the range of available professions is limited. On the other hand, correspondence reveals the active nature of life for the ladies of the rural bourgeoisie, reaching well beyond the domestic sphere. Life in the countryside engenders a type of bourgeois who is close to his land and to nature. Daily life follows the rhythm of farming, tending the vines, managing the estate, trading wine, animal husbandry and local fairs. Village bourgeois are confronted with the brutality of their rural surroundings: the body and the senses are put to the test. This study explores the history of experience of noises, smells, the cold, local travel and longer journeys, the passage of time and the handling of a pervasive environment.The family home takes on particular importance as a symbol of the village bourgeois' value and prestige. It is a stage on which the family's position and heredity are played out. The implied lifestyle within is one assisted by servants, with whom close yet distant relationships exist. In the countryside, bourgeois ladies and gentlemen differ from their urban counterparts in their uninhibited discussion of many subjects relating to hygiene, intimacy, sexuality. We will explore their use of outward appearance to project a certain image, their nuanced attitudes towards religion, their enjoyment of free time often in contrast to gender stereotypes, their mealtime rituals and their political engagements. Each phase of a rural bourgeois' life will be portrayed, from childhood to death, from education to the making of a marriage, from health to old age. We shall also investigate the bourgeois' relationship with others, in a wine-growing area where the extremely poor as well as with the landed aristocracy can be encountered. His social circle is wider than that of the urban bourgeois, because of his relative isolation in the country, and stretches far beyond the bourgeoisie to encompass his rural neighbours. This study concentrates particularly on the psychology of the bourgeois’ relationship with others. Conditioned as he is to be at ease in any social situation, he is able to operate on many different levels and create his own ecosystem.Following the collapse in land revenue and the outbreak of the phylloxera blight, by 1880 the rural bourgeoisie, more concerned with the past than the future, had all but disappeared. A new bourgeoisie came to replace them in the villages. A quite unexpected vocabulary emerges from the correspondence, revealing a particular semantic apparatus and offering detailed insights into many aspects of rural bourgeois life in the 19th century wine-growing Jura
Kohn, Jean-Louis. „La bourgeoisie juive à Paris au Second Empire“. Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA01A012.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHenry, Jean. „Les notables des Vosges (1860-1880) : histoire sociale et politique“. Nancy 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NAN21007.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFrom 1860, the Vosges department has its ruling classes, an outcome of enlargement of eligible voters. They are limited in number, few and far less than the national average are very wealthy, even though their number is growing. There are two dominant groups: the manufactures who are the richest especially after the establishment of the cotton factories in Alsace from 1871 the professions, less well off, abstain a majority on the "conseil general"; three lawyers connected to political circles in Paris are nationally known notables (Louis Buffet, Jules Ferry, Jules Méline). There are not any large estate-owners, just a few big and medium land-owners or foresters whose influence on their district is diminishing. The conservative notables led by buffet, are elected as deputies for three mandates after the fall of the empire, three out of eight to the "assemblée nationale", they are defeated in 1876 and 1877: from then on they only keep a few local strongholds. Symbolic of their decline, Louis Buffet leaves the local political scene in the Vosges. The principal targets of criticism from the empire's prefects the republican notables’ strengthen their unity with the free masons especially in the mountains which are the most anti-plebiscite area. After 1871, under the leadership of Jules Ferry their influence grows continuously over the cotton manufacturers, the farmers and the town dwellers. The Ferry "system" rules over the department from 1877 on
Charpy, Manuel. „Le théâtre des objets. Espaces privés, culture matérielle et identité sociale. Paris, 1830-1914“. Thesis, Tours, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOUR2007/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe study analyses the ways by which a social group consumed and produced a world of goods in order to shape its own social and cultural identity. With a view to reconstruct the social and cultural uses of things in a city which underwent deep commercial and spatial changes, the thesis identifies the nature and forms of the Parisian bourgeoisie’s consumption, through private and business archives. It studies how the bourgeois home was redefined in flat and in the growing city and how daily technology forged the bourgeoise’s private scenography and self-awareness. It studies then the material culture of 19th century Parisian bourgeoisie, understood as a set of signs and narratives designed by dealers and consumers, whilst industrialisation radically transformed the nature and hierarchy of materials and commodities. Finally, this work sheds light on phenomenons of imitation and distinction as social mobility increased and analyses how fashion trends came to being onto specific urban scenes, through the mediating role of taste legislators and the means of new forms of urban advertising
Abiven, Yohann. „Le bourgeois, le prêtre, l'ouvrier : religion et politique à Landerneau (XIXe-XXe siècles)“. Rennes 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN1G018.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA liberal and educated middle class, a conservative peasantry, a proud aristocracy, a venerated Church, a large working-class population; these are the forces present which make the town of Landerneau an exemplary case-study of the reconfiguration of the doctrine and politics of the era. The present thesis, using the methods of historical political-science, sets out to analyze the strategic alliances among Landerneau’s secular and religious elite groups, from the instauration of universal, male suffrage right up to periods when the public sphere seemed to demonstrate a wholly new face. Based on the Landerneau elites’ very ostensible Catholic faith, and our examination, in the first part of this thesis, of all its political and religious implications, we employ the all-too-ignored category of “bourgeois Catholicism”, a theme derived from the work of Emile Poulat. The intense quarrels, which oppose the parish to the town hall, contribute to the formation of ‘Catholic opinion’, soon exemplified by a Catholic party and value system particularly at odds with a more classic, Catholic-bourgeois framework. In the second part, we explore how the broader middle class prudently and pragmatically coalesces with the more intransigent Catholic social movement, effectively a political force controlled by local clergy, thus joining the Christian Democratic side of politics. This political choice of ‘clerical populism’ was unusual for the middle classes, more accustomed to traditions of independence. The real fear of working-class, socialist militancy thus cements a new conservative party bringing together diverse social forces ranging from more or less liberal vested-interests to clerically-influenced democrats. In essence, we explore the new cleavages within the broad Right as new temporal concerns touch even the Holy See. The proponents of the new campaigning Church draw on their Christian Democrat roots, on the language and even the ideas of contemporary liberal and socialist perspectives. In a sense, we witness the surprising revival, by strange paths and from varied origins, of a certain ‘bourgeois Catholicism’ and its concomitant claim to a greater degree of autonomy from the authority of the formal Church
Rodet, Chantal. „Le récit généalogique : conditions et enjeux d'une production : le cas du récit bourgeois lyonnais aux XIXe et XXe siècles“. Lyon 2, 2003. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2003/rodet_c.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this thesis have brought about the writing of genealogical account of bourgeois families (Lyon, France), in the XIXth and XXth century. It endeavours to outline the determining factors which have led to the emergence of a genealogical self-awareness. A sociological study of eleven families of amateur genealogists spanning as well as the study of more than a thousand pages of their accounts, have enabled me to ascertain that not every individual feels bound to give a personal genealogical account. Genealogy answers the needs of families belonging to an elite. These genealogists are individuals who inherited a sound social position gained. However, they are faced with the risk of losing it. They belong to a younger branch of the paternal line. They have experienced the erasure of the memory of their paternal branch. They restore their legitimacy and to pass on the means which may foresee the risks to the descendants. They transferred genealogical accounts structures from the maternal to the paternal line. They wish to produce a tradition to the descendants. Instead, it must be seen as a legacy, a precedent enabling them to resists the sociological tensions affecting their family, enabling them to situate themselves individually as well as socialising their children
Hennequin-Lecomte, Laure. „Les réseaux d'influence dans le patriciat strasbourgeois (1789-1830)“. Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STR20005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis dissertation purports to shed light on source material issuing from the Strasbourg patriciate at a founding moment of European history, which coincides with the end of the Ancien Regime and the birth of the contemporary world. .
Geneste, Sylvie. „Édouard Aynard banquier, député, mécène et homme d'oeuvres (1837-1913)“. Lyon 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO31011.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDaneau, Hélène. „L'impact de la mode bourgeoise sur l'industrie du vêtement de 1820 à 1860“. Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29348.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLebel, Hélène. „Le théâtre à Paris (1880-1914) : reflet d'une société?“ Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010586.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe study of the plays given in Paris between 1880 and 1914 and selected from l'illustration, its theatre supplement and the revue des deux mondes, shows that many foreign plays appear on the parisian stage : British plays in the 1880's, Scandinavian drama in the 1890's and Italian, German and Slavonic plays in the early twentieth century. Besides, French drama gives a reflection of reality through middle class eyes. In term of numbers the first social group on the stage, the middle classes, are also represented in a favourable light. The other social groups (nobility, peasants, the working class and artists) looked at from the middle class point of view, are laughed at, despised or hated. Finally the mains reasons for middle class fears appear on the stage : social problems, religious preoccupations, questions about the emancipation of women and children from male authority, the legalization of divorce and specially patriotic fears in a period which is more and more characterized by international tensions between France and Germany in the immediate pre-first-world war period
Delbos, Jean-Brieux. „Les électeurs censitaires parisiens des années 1840 et leur devenir : richesse, inégalités, mobilités économique et géographique“. Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0112.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis economic history dissertation aims to analyse quantitatively the links between wealth and economic and geographic mobility in France from the 1840s to the 1880s through the study of franchised Parisian voters of the 1840s. To do so, an original dataset has been built by matching different sources so as to follow the multiple trajectories of the individuals who belong to this particularly rich and politically important group over time. Short-term individual mobility is observed by matching individuals across electoral lists from the last years of the July Monarchy. Long-term mobility is revealed by exploiting the Parisian tables of successions and absences (TSA). These contain information about the wealth at death of individuals. Both in the short- and long-run, economic and geographic mobility proves to be considerable, raising serious questions about the long-held idea of a close and stable elite group. Parisian franchised voters appear to be an instant class, with a large heterogeneity that was continuously renewed under the effect of powerful economic mechanisms that have been highlighted in a series of econometric regressions. Beyond the franchised electorate, the group of the wealthy individuals who appear in the Parisian TSA shows the massive extent of mobility in the 19th century: only half of these individuals were on the 1845 franchise lists considered at the national level. Taken as a whole, our results lead to renew the debate about the elites and wealth
Reinhart, Claudie. „Les Reinhart, une famille protestante du négoce du coton et du café du Havre, 1852-1962“. Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040080.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNative from the swiss town of Winterthur, in the Zurich canton, the Reinhart went in the middle of the XIXth century to pratice cotton trade in Le Havre. Developong that activity, adding the coffee one, the Reinhart turn the Maison Louis Reinhart in a limited company, la Société d'Importation et de Commission, devoting all time to their work, to make it one of the first commercial firms in the city, adding an active participation in the trade organiations as well in cotton as in coffee. An important place is devoted to one of them, Jean Reinhart, because of his presency as President of labour's Employers, member of the Chamber of Commerce, and too short President of the Le Havre's Harbour. The study of the Reinhart family confirms his belonging to the protestant bourgeoisie, and his implication of some of them in the freemasonry, the Rotary or as consular representation of countries as Rumania or Persia
Verney-Carron, Nicole. „Le ruban et le métal : recherches sur les élites économiques de la région stéphanoise au XIXe siècle, 1815-1914“. Lyon 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO20054.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAt the turn of the XIXth century, Saint-Étienne was a small city of 20. 000 inhabitants specialized in iron, ribbon and arm handicrafts. It had no administrative function and was dominated by a patrician clan of merchant-manufacturers whose ambition was to reach the first rank of nobility. In 1789, they benefited from the sale of the national properties to acquire huge lands which will become the heart of the city and will be highly priced or which will allow to perceive taxes on the subsoil thanks to the coal fields. The trade of ribbon had its peak period between 1815 and 1870. It remained organized according to the principle of the "domestic-system" which is a proto-industrial way of production based on cottage work. Thus, there originated a traditional elite with the textile firm-owners and surrounding professions (silk merchants, agents, bankers, lawyers). Professional men were underrepresented and recruited outside the city. Fortunes were invested in the land and many tradesmen lived on their income. With this oligarchie we could observe the parallel birth of a capitalistic upperclass, a pioneer in the big industry. Heavy metallurgy developed as early as 1815 initiated by ironmasters coming from other regions or countries. They were self made men often of simple origins. Saint-Étienne became the first industrial area of France. Big enterprises were branching out on all directions with a complex law system. They were highly concentrated and integrated. At their head they had members of powerful employers' federations and these men offered a great possibility to move and had different references from the local bourgeoisie. Unlike the others, they used to invest their money in personal estates and industrial activity. Old elites and new ones were fully opposed. Both in their mentality of managers and in the way they administrated workers. The former only provided charity, the latter being paternalist and their economical interests differed too, the former being in favor of free-trade policy, the latter of protectionism. For fear of seeing their land depreciated, the local notables confined the steel-works in the surrounding cities and established a real monopoly on the town council and the chamber of commerce. Traditionally conservative, they were strongly attached to catholicism and after 1880, they became wild enemies of Republic, whereas ironmasters, often protestants or freemasons, defended it
Garrote, Gabriel. „Le pouvoir et ses notables : les membres des conseils consultatifs (Rhône, 1800-1830)“. Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2128.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe thesis analyses the political and social system created after the Revolution and the men involved in this system, the notables. It also describes the social history of this system through the department and district councils during the first third of the 19th century in the Rhône. The study on these councils enables us to question the process of selection and creation of an institutional notability. This way, we can understand the relationship between the state and the notables. In fact, the use of the prosopography method shows that these councils are a centerpiece in the creation of an essential social type in the society of the 19th century. They are also a way to see how power tries to associate the notables to a centralized and hierarchic system, and to count on the empowerment of a group which becomes more than a social and political basis, but stands for a territory and its inhabitants. Describing the sociography of these councils thanks to prosopography allows us to understand the link between a social group and the one which is institutionalized by the state. By analyzing the relationship between State, the prefects and the councils, this study aims to understand the links between the purpose that power pursues and the role played by the councils, and how it ables the sustainability and the empowerment of this departemental institution
Rouveyrol, Jean-Samuel. „Aux environs de Lyon : les villégiatures de 1830 à 1940“. Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2022.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFrom the 1830s to the 1940s, staying in one’s country house residence for half of the year at the gates of Lyon is a continuation, during the modern era, of the already existing seasonal migration for the Lyon elite and a large part of the bourgeoisie of the Rhone city, whether living on their private incomes, their skills or their industrial activities. At first, however, the thesis highlights breaks from the previous era: architectural models become richer and more complex, the domains tend to abandon their productive logic while the spring and summer residential area is confronted with rampant urbanization, resulting in the disappearance of summer homes, their size reduction or adaptations within a chic residential suburb in the making. The study then raises the question of the interest for the bourgeoisie to own a summer home among various rural domains. Close to the city and comfortable, the bourgeois country houses reinvent the aristocratic castle life making it more modern and becoming the rural setting of a sociability that is less formal than in the city. Finally, the thesis examines the impact of the summer home owners in their commune of residence in land and property terms as well as economic, political and religious terms. If the large land ownership of the bourgeoisie leads to dispossession of villagers and a rise in land prices, the issue of the bourgeois parasitism is counterbalanced by the number of jobs created locally and the stimulation of crafts and local trade. The hypothetical bourgeois nuisance also seems to be contradicted by the vote in favour of the bourgeois in some villages, even if they do not win unanimous support everywhere
Al, Azraki Kamel. „Le monde ouvrier dans "L'assommoir" et "Germinal" d'Emile Zola“. Limoges, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIMO0501.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn our study, we will focus on two of zola's masterpieces, l'assommoir and germinal. This can be divided into two parts. First of all, we will analyse the working class and bourgeoisy's way of living with, on the one hand, the working conditions of men, women and children, and on the other hand, the study of the rising of the middle classes, their moral standards, their education, and their relationships with the working class. Then, we will exponent zola's political ideas -which he assigned to his characters, and his ideological evolution through his literary work. And we will also study the workmen's actions, like the general strike in his two novels we will try hard to pointout the differences between the middle and working classes, on a trade level, but also on a psychological and physical level, concerning education, housing, food and language. Theses divergences lead our study to its purpose, which is the struggle between the hero 'working class) and the anti hero (the middle class)