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1
Willard, Thomas. „Juliana Cummings, Medicine in the Middle Ages: Surviving the Times, Yorkshire and Philadelphia: Pen & Sword Books, 2021, 197 pp., 16 pp. insert of b/w prints on glossy paper.“ Mediaevistik 35, Nr. 1 (01.01.2022): 347–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/med.2022.01.41.
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Abstract This account of late medieval medicine is unusual in being the first non-fiction book by the author of several historical novels set in the period, most recently of “a historical romance of Vlad the Impaler” (2020). Juliana Cummings has a long-standing fascination with her family’s history back to the time of Henry VII of England (1457–1509), when male ancestors fought in the king’s army, and with the medical perils people faced even in times of relative peace and prosperity. Responding to her treatment of medicine and mortality in novels and short stories, an editor from Pen & Sword History reached out to Cummings and suggested she write this book. The aim is to instruct those who know little about medicine before the present day and to do so in a readable fashion, with reliable background information about the development of medical knowledge since Greco-Roman times. Obviously, this is not a book for specialists, but a good gift for friends and relatives, especially younger ones who wonder what things were like in earlier times and how people managed to live through them. Hence the book’s subtitle, “Surviving the Times.”
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Wright, Joanne H. „Political Writings“. Canadian Journal of Political Science 39, Nr. 3 (September 2006): 722–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423906389974.
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Political Writings, Margaret Cavendish (Susan James, ed.), New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003, pp. xxxix, 298.The publication of Margaret Cavendish's Political Writings is part of a recent effort to make Cavendish's seventeenth-century works more accessible to students and scholars alike. Political Writings is a particularly significant addition to this effort in that it contains two of Cavendish's most explicitly political texts, A Description of a New World called the Blazing World (1666), Cavendish's best-known endeavour in utopian fiction, along with the first modern edition of Orations of Divers Sorts (1662). Combined with a concise introduction by the volume's editor, philosopher Susan James, who expertly navigates Cavendish's many influences and references—ancient and modern—the book effectively puts Cavendish on the map as a political thinker. Although the most published Englishwoman of her period, and now the subject of a veritable growth industry in the fields of early modern literary and gender history, Margaret Cavendish has received virtually no attention in the field of political thought. With her inclusion in the Cambridge Texts in the History of Political Thought series, there is hope that Cavendish will now be treated and analyzed, not just as the prolific writer of drama, poetry and natural philosophy that she was, but as an incisive thinker who engaged with, and published on, the most vital political questions facing Civil War and Restoration England.
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KITLV, Redactie. „Book Reviews“. New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 69, Nr. 3-4 (01.01.1995): 315–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002642.
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-Dennis Walder, Robert D. Hamner, Derek Walcott. New York: Twayne Publishers, 1993. xvi + 199 pp.''Critical perspectives on Derek Walcott. Washington DC: Three continents, 1993. xvii + 482 pp.-Yannick Tarrieu, Lilyan Kesteloot, Black writers in French: A literary history of Negritude. Translated by Ellen Conroy Kennedy. Washington DC: Howard University Press, 1991. xxxiii + 411 pp.-Renée Larrier, Carole Boyce Davies ,Out of the Kumbla: Caribbean women and literature. Trenton NJ: Africa World Press, 1990. xxiii + 399 pp., Elaine Savory Fido (eds)-Renée Larrier, Evelyn O'Callaghan, Woman version: Theoretical approaches to West Indian fiction by women. London: Macmillan Caribbean, 1993. viii + 126 pp.-Lisa Douglass, Carolyn Cooper, Noises in the blood: Orality, gender and the 'vulgar' body of Jamaican popular culture. London: Macmillan Caribbean, 1993. ix + 214 pp.-Christine G.T. Ho, Kumar Mahabir, East Indian women of Trinidad & Tobago: An annotated bibliography with photographs and ephemera. San Juan, Trinidad: Chakra, 1992. vii + 346 pp.-Eva Abraham, Richenel Ansano ,Mundu Yama Sinta Mira: Womanhood in Curacao. Eithel Martis (eds.). Curacao: Fundashon Publikashon, 1992. xii + 240 pp., Joceline Clemencia, Jeanette Cook (eds)-Louis Allaire, Corrine L. Hofman, In search of the native population of pre-Colombian Saba (400-1450 A.D.): Pottery styles and their interpretations. Part one. Amsterdam: Natuurwetenschappelijke Studiekring voor het Caraïbisch Gebied, 1993. xiv + 269 pp.-Frank L. Mills, Bonham C. Richardson, The Caribbean in the wider world, 1492-1992: A regional geography. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992. xvi + 235 pp.-Frank L. Mills, Thomas D. Boswell ,The Caribbean Islands: Endless geographical diversity. New Brunswick NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1992. viii + 240 pp., Dennis Conway (eds)-Alex van Stipriaan, H.W. van den Doel ,Nederland en de Nieuwe Wereld. Utrecht: Aula, 1992. 348 pp., P.C. Emmer, H.PH. Vogel (eds)-Idsa E. Alegría Ortega, Francine Jácome, Diversidad cultural y tensión regional: América Latina y el Caribe. Caracas: Nueva Sociedad, 1993. 143 pp.-Barbara L. Solow, Ira Berlin ,Cultivation and culture: Labor and the shaping of slave life in the Americas. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1993. viii + 388 pp., Philip D. Morgan (eds)-Andrew J. O'Shaughnessy, Karen Ordahl Kupperman, Providence Island, 1630-1641: The other puritan colony. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. xiii + 393 pp.-Armando Lampe, Johannes Meier, Die Anfänge der Kirche auf den Karibischen Inseln: Die Geschichte der Bistümer Santo Domingo, Concepción de la Vega, San Juan de Puerto Rico und Santiago de Cuba von ihrer Entstehung (1511/22) bis zur Mitte des 17. Jahrhunderts. Immensee: Neue Zeitschrift für Missionswissenschaft, 1991. xxxiii + 313 pp.-Edward L. Cox, Carl C. Campbell, Cedulants and capitulants; The politics of the coloured opposition in the slave society of Trinidad, 1783-1838. Port of Spain, Trinidad: Paria Publishing, 1992. xv + 429 pp.-Thomas J. Spinner, Jr., Basdeo Mangru, Indenture and abolition: Sacrifice and survival on the Guyanese sugar plantations. Toronto: TSAR, 1993. xiii + 146 pp.-Rosemarijn Hoefte, Lila Gobardhan-Rambocus ,Immigratie en ontwikkeling: Emancipatie van contractanten. Paramaribo: Anton de Kom Universiteit, 1993. 262 pp., Maurits S. Hassankhan (eds)-Juan A. Giusti-Cordero, Teresita Martínez-Vergne, Capitalism in colonial Puerto Rico: Central San Vicente in the late nineteenth century. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1992. 189 pp.-Jean Pierre Sainton, Henriette Levillain, La Guadeloupe 1875 -1914: Les soubresauts d'une société pluriethnique ou les ambiguïtés de l'assimilation. Paris: Autrement, 1994. 241 pp.-Michèle Baj Strobel, Solange Contour, Fort de France au début du siècle. Paris: L'Harmattan, 1994. 224 pp.-Betty Wood, Robert J. Stewart, Religion and society in post-emancipation Jamaica. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1992. xx + 254 pp.-O. Nigel Bolland, Michael Havinden ,Colonialism and development: Britain and its tropical colonies, 1850-1960. New York: Routledge, 1993. xv + 420 pp., David Meredith (eds)-Luis Martínez-Fernández, Luis Navarro García, La independencia de Cuba. Madrid: MAPFRE, 1992. 413 pp.-Pedro A. Pequeño, Guillermo J. Grenier ,Miami now! : Immigration, ethnicity, and social change. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1992. 219 pp., Alex Stepick III (eds)-George Irving, Alistair Hennessy ,The fractured blockade: West European-Cuban relations during the revolution. London: Macmillan Caribbean, 1993. xv + 358 pp., George Lambie (eds)-George Irving, Donna Rich Kaplowitz, Cuba's ties to a changing world. Boulder CO: Lynne Rienner, 1993, xii + 263 pp.-G.B. Hagelberg, Scott B. MacDonald ,The politics of the Caribbean basin sugar trade. New York: Praeger, 1991. vii + 164 pp., Georges A. Fauriol (eds)-Bonham C. Richardson, Trevor W. Purcell, Banana Fallout: Class, color, and culture among West Indians in Costa Rica. Los Angeles: UCLA Center for Afro-American studies, 1993. xxi + 198 pp.-Gertrude Fraser, George Gmelch, Double Passage: The lives of Caribbean migrants abroad and back home. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1992. viii + 335 pp.-Gertrude Fraser, John Western, A passage to England: Barbadian Londoners speak of home. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1992. xxii + 309 pp.-Trevor W. Purcell, Harry G. Lefever, Turtle Bogue: Afro-Caribbean life and culture in a Costa Rican Village. Cranbury NJ: Susquehanna University Press, 1992. 249 pp.-Elizabeth Fortenberry, Virginia Heyer Young, Becoming West Indian: Culture, self, and nation in St. Vincent. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1993. x + 229 pp.-Horace Campbell, Dudley J. Thompson ,From Kingston to Kenya: The making of a Pan-Africanist lawyer. Dover MA: The Majority Press, 1993. xii + 144 pp., Margaret Cezair Thompson (eds)-Kumar Mahabir, Samaroo Siewah, The lotus and the dagger: The Capildeo speeches (1957-1994). Port of Spain: Chakra Publishing House, 1994. 811 pp.-Donald R. Hill, Forty years of steel: An annotated discography of steel band and Pan recordings, 1951-1991. Jeffrey Thomas (comp.). Westport CT: Greenwood, 1992. xxxii + 307 pp.-Jill A. Leonard, André Lucrèce, Société et modernité: Essai d'interprétation de la société martiniquaise. Case Pilote, Martinique: Editions de l'Autre Mer, 1994. 188 pp.-Dirk H. van der Elst, Ben Scholtens ,Gaama Duumi, Buta Gaama: Overlijden en opvolging van Aboikoni, grootopperhoofd van de Saramaka bosnegers. Stanley Dieko. Paramaribo: Afdeling Cultuurstudies/Minov; Amsterdam: Koninklijk Instituut voor de Tropen, 1992. 204 pp., Gloria Wekker, Lady van Putten (eds)-Rosemarijn Hoefte, Chandra van Binnendijk ,Sranan: Cultuur in Suriname. Amsterdam: Koninklijk Instituut voor de Tropen/Rotterdam: Museum voor Volkenkunde, 1992. 159 pp., Paul Faber (eds)-Harold Munneke, A.J.A. Quintus Bosz, Grepen uit de Surinaamse rechtshistorie. Paramaribo: Vaco, 1993. 176 pp.-Harold Munneke, Irvin Kanhai ,Strijd om grond in Suriname: Verkenning van het probleem van de grondenrechten van Indianen en Bosnegers. Paramaribo, 1993, 200 pp., Joyce Nelson (eds)-Ronald Donk, J. Hartog, De geschiedenis van twee landen: De Nederlandse Antillen en Aruba. Zaltbommel: Europese Bibliotheek, 1993. 183 pp.-Aart G. Broek, J.J. Oversteegen, In het schuim van grauwe wolken: Het leven van Cola Debrot tot 1948. Amsterdam: Muelenhoff, 1994. 556 pp.''Gemunt op wederkeer: Het leven van Cola Debrot vanaf 1948. Amsterdam: Muelenhoff, 1994. 397 pp.
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Ranhand, Jori. „Fiction Writers Guidelines: Over 200 Periodicals Editors' Instructions Reproduced (Book Review)“. College & Research Libraries 51, Nr. 1 (01.01.1990): 81–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crl_51_01_81.
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Helmer, Dona J. „Book Review: Ghosts in Popular Culture and Legend“. Reference & User Services Quarterly 56, Nr. 4 (21.06.2017): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.56.4.303b.
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The co-editors are June Pulliam, who teaches classes in horror literature, YA fiction, and film, and Anthony Fonesca, who has written about horror and also has a background in information literacy. They previously co-authored Hooked on Horror: A Guide to Reading Interests in the Genre, and have now applied their talents and expertise to create a work that contains accessible information about a popular topic.
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Clarke, Peter D., und Michael C. Questier. „EDITORS’ PREFACE“. Camden Fifth Series 48 (04.09.2015): vii—viii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960116315000238.
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The current volume brings together contributions from two separate editors. The first is a collection of texts edited by Peter Clarke that evidence Cardinal Thomas Wolsey's legatine powers to grant dispensations and other papal graces and his exercise of these powers during the 1520s in Henry VIII's realm. The second is a text edited by Michael Questier. It takes the form of glosses on and suggested readings of the Elizabethan statute law which imposed treason penalties on Catholic clergy who exercised their office in reconciling to Rome (i.e. absolving from schism and heresy) and on those who availed themselves of this sacramental power. The rationale for linking these contributions in a single volume is threefold. First, both generally concern Catholicism in Tudor England, especially the authority of Catholic clergy there both before and after the break with Rome. Secondly and more specifically, they regard the role of these clergy as agents of papal authority in Tudor England. Wolsey was appointed as a papal legate in 1518 and obtained legatine powers from successive popes on a scale unparalleled in pre-Reformation England, notably to grant dispensations, and he exercised these dispensing powers there extensively; he was thus the papal agent par excellence in Tudor England on the eve of the Reformation. The Elizabethan ‘tolerationist’ text, by contrast, seeks to deny that Catholic clergy necessarily functioned as agents of papal authority. They were not, therefore, all without exception traitors to the queen, even though one literal reading of the statute book might give the impression that this was what the State had meant. Instead, so this manuscript claimed, the statutes themselves could be read in such a way as to imply that the legislators themselves accepted that the Catholic clergy's priestly functions did not depend exclusively on papal supremacy (unlike Wolsey's legatine status) or even a malign anti-popish understanding of the papacy as a legal and ecclesiastical entity. Therefore the exercise of their faculties could not automatically be interpreted as treasonable. Coincidentally Wolsey's activity as a papal agent led to him being attainted him with treason, and although the charge did not relate to his dispensing powers, four years after Wolsey's fall Henry VIII forbade his subjects to petition Rome or its agents for the kinds of graces Wolsey had issued. He established the Faculty Office to issue such graces instead, and its authority depended on royal, not papal, supremacy. Both contributions, therefore, concern the relationship between Catholic clergy and supreme authority in the English Church, wherever this was deemed to lie. Thirdly, both contributions illuminate the limits of the law and flexibility in interpreting and applying it. Wolsey's graces in effect limited the operation of canon law: his dispensations suspended it in specific instances, notably regarding marriage and ordination; and he also granted licences permitting activity that it normally forbade, such as clergy not residing in their benefices. The ‘tolerationist’ text implies, although with arguments which at times seem rather specious, that the Elizabethan State was, even in its more draconian utterances, to some extent drawing in its horns. Both contributions, therefore, concern apparently binding law which might be relaxed in Tudor England with regard to Catholic clergy (as well as laity in the case of Wolsey's papal graces).
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Svensson, Ragni. „Afrikansk skönlitteratur på svensk bokmarknad 1961–1981“. Tidskrift för litteraturvetenskap 45, Nr. 2-3 (01.01.2015): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.54797/tfl.v45i2-3.8977.
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African Fiction on the Swedish Market 1961–1981: Bo Cavefors Publishing Ltd. and the ”Afrika berättar” (”Africa Speaks”) Series
This article examines the selection, marketing and reception of contemporary African fiction on the Swedish book market of the 1960s and 70s, through the case of a book series called ”Afrika berättar”, launched by Bo Cavefors Publishing, Ltd. Bo Cavefors was the Swedish publisher of writers such as Wole Soyinka, Ngu˜gı˜ wa Thiong’o and José Luandino Vieira. The article discusses the way in which these literary works were received from the perspective of current African politics. In addition, it considers the essential role of the publisher’s networks, such as freelance editors and translators in launching the series.
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Markova, M. V. „Georgette Heyer, history, and historical fiction“. Voprosy literatury, Nr. 1 (05.02.2024): 198–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.31425/0042-8795-2024-1-198-203.
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The review discusses a volume of scholarly articles edited by Samantha Rayner and Kim Wilkins that sets out to present a comprehensive body of research into the oeuvre of the English novelist Georgette Heyer. The book comprises several sections: gender, genre, sources, and circulation and reception. Heyer is the renowned founder of Regency romance, whose work is noted for exceptional attention to historical facts and reconstruction of the aristocratic slang of the period. Her novels, however, remained largely ignored by scholars. The volume’s editors succeed in producing an invaluable compilation enriching the studies of 1920s English genre literature by considering Heyer’s work in the context of post-war culture, with its heightened interest in the Napoleonic era, as well as in relation to literary tradition, especially Jane Austen’s works, but also referencing adventure novels of Heyer’s older contemporaries Baroness Orczy and Rafael Sabatini.
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Lipinskaya, A. A. „Ghost hunt: Elliot O’Donnell’s non-fiction“. Philology and Culture, Nr. 3 (04.10.2023): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/2782-4756-2023-73-3-131-137.
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The article deals with the author’s strategies, used by E. O’Donnell in his Twenty Years’ Experience as a Ghost Hunter, and compares this peculiar text with ghost stories – a genre of fiction very popular those days. O’Donnell’s book is a part of a long tradition of occult ‘non-fiction’, but it is positioned as the author’s memoirs, a true story of his own life (his other books are basically collections of ‘real’ ghostly appearances in various regions of England), and begins with his (or his alter ego’s) youth and his first traumatic encounter with a ghost that influenced his career choice, but then this traditional life story turns into a set of cases, not necessarily witnessed by the narrator himself. Some stories are structured exactly like fictional ghost stories but their perception is preconditioned by the ‘rules of reading’ established by the author (the book is supposed to be his memoirs) and by the character of information – what the narrator knows about ghosts from various sources. Thus, the text is very uneven – its aesthetic characteristics are regarded as secondary in comparison with the ‘facts’ retold.
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Smith, Beverly A. „Book Review: Imagining the Penitentiary: Fiction and the Architecture of the Mind in Eighteenth Century England“. Criminal Justice Review 15, Nr. 1 (Mai 1990): 113–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073401689001500128.
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Beal, Jane. „Matthew Cheung Salisbury, Worship in Medieval England. Past Imperfect Series. Croydon: ARC Humanities Press, 2018, 92 pages.“ Mediaevistik 32, Nr. 1 (01.01.2020): 315–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/med.2019.01.42.
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Matthew Cheung Salisbury, a Lecturer in Music at University and Worcester College, Oxford, and a member of the Faculty of Music at the University of Oxford, wrote this book for ARC Humanities Press’s Past Imperfect series (a series comparable to Oxford’s Very Short Introductions). Two of his recent, significant contributions to the field of medieval liturgical studies include The Secular Office in Late-Medieval England (Turnhout: Brepols, 2015) and, as editor and translator, Medieval Latin Liturgy in English Translation (Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute Publications, 2017). In keeping with the work of editors Thomas Heffernan and E. Ann Matter in The Liturgy of the Medieval Church, 2nd ed. (Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute Publications, 2005) and Richard W. Pfaff in The Liturgy of Medieval England: A History (Cambridge University Press, 2009), this most recent book provides a fascinating overview of the liturgy of the medieval church, specifically in England. Salisbury’s expertise is evident on every page.
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Snigireva, Tatyana A., und Alexey V. Podchinenov. „“But There Is No East and Also No West”: Overcoming National Barriers in Akunin’s Way“. Izvestia of the Ural federal university. Series 2. Humanities and Arts 25, Nr. 1 (2023): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/izv2.2023.25.1.007.
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This article analyses Boris Akunin’s writing concept of national identity and the possibility or impossibility of overcoming cross-national non-communication. The analysis is based on Akunin’s texts of different genres (the Erast Fandorin’s Adventures project, Tales from All Over the World, and Russian Man in England, a self-study book on fiction). It is noted that the “solution of the national question” during the thirty years of the writer’s work in literature has undergone certain changes. The authors demonstrate that in the Fandorin project, Boris Akunin focuses on modelling and describing three barriers that exist in the perception and evaluation of the unfamiliar (the barrier of a foreign language, the barrier of a foreign way of life, and the barrier of foreign mentality). In Tales from All Over the World, the writer takes a different perspective of understanding the national complex. He is interested in the correlation between the national and the universal. This book is about the fact that national identity is nothing but a variant of an invariant, it comprehends universal values in a national arrangement. The self-study book on fiction Russian Man in England can be read as Akunin’s final reflections on the possibility or impossibility of cross-national understanding. The analysis of this work demonstrates that it is a book of professional and national self-identification at the same time. Akunin does not simplify the possibilities of interethnic dialogue. According to the writer’s concept, it is necessary not to adapt to a different national way of life, but to understand it. Only then does the formula “they are like me” begin to “work” realising itself extremely rarely and always incompletely. An attempt to understand a different mentality presupposes a whole complex of personal qualities, which is based on the ability for dialogue, analytics, intellectuality, cultural baggage and, most importantly, humanity.
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Chan, Alfred L., und Andrew J. Nathan. „The Tiananmen Papers Revisited“. China Quarterly 177 (März 2004): 190–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741004000116.
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Authentic Chinese internal documents matter greatly as historical records that illuminate our understanding of Chinese politics. Yet careful scrutiny shows that the Chinese book version of the Tiananmen Papers is part fiction and part documentary history based on open and semi-open sources and document collections. The alleged transcripts of top-level meetings are basically stitched together ex post facto (even by the admission of the editors) and then presented as secret documents. Furthermore, the English translation is a heavily retouched version of the Chinese with differences in claims of authenticity, translation, citation and style. There is little evidence that any real secret documents are in the hands of the Chinese author, and even if they were, the two books under consideration are really secondary sources steps removed from the originals. The editors strongly vouch for the authenticity of these two books, but their efforts are inadequate and unconvincing.
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The Editors. „Notes from the Editors, January 2015“. Monthly Review 66, Nr. 8 (31.12.2014): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.14452/mr-066-08-2015-01_0.
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<div class="buynow"><a title="Back issue of Monthly Review, January 2015 (Volume 66, Number 8)" href="http://monthlyreview.org/back-issues/mr-066-08-2015-01/">buy this issue</a></div>The publication of socialist books in the United States has always encountered serious institutional obstacles. This can be seen in the enormous hurdles that stood in the way of the successful publication 130 years ago of the English translation of Engels’s <em>The Condition of the Working Class in England </em>(1845)—today recognized as the classic account of the impact of the Industrial Revolution on workers. In 1885 Florence Kelley (-Wischnewetzky), the daughter of William D. Kelley, a U.S. Congressman and supporter of Lincoln, translated Engels’s book into English. Her initial plan was to publish the translation in the United States with the respected publishing firm of G.P. Putnam & Co. However, Putnam declined to publish it on the grounds that the book was outdated…and did not apply to U.S. industrialization, where such conditions of class exploitation were supposedly absent.… It is owing to these difficulties, associated with the U.S. publication of his book, that we have the benefit of some of Engels’s more important comments regarding the problem of publishing socialist works in a capitalist society.<p class="mrlink">This article can also be found at the <a href="http://monthlyreview.org/index/volume-66-number-7" title="Vol. 66, No. 7: January 2015" target="_blank"><em>Monthly Review</em> website</a>, where most recent articles are published in full.</p><p class="mrpurchaselink"><a href="http://monthlyreview.org/index/volume-66-number-7" title="Vol. 66, No. 7: January 2015" target="_self">Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the <em>Monthly Review</em> website.</a></p>
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Möldre, Aile. „Serijinės literatūros vertimai Estijos laikraščiuose XX a. pradžioje (1900–1940 m.)“. Knygotyra 82 (16.07.2024): 115–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/knygotyra.2024.82.5.
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The paper explores the serialised novels and stories in the two leading Estonian daily newspapers, Päewaleht and Postimees, the majority of which were translations. The approach, combining book and translation history, is driven by the two issues debated in the media in 1900–1940: the desire to distance from the dominant German and Russian cultural influences and search for a new orientation; the categories of literature serialised in newspapers including the proportion of popular literature (genres like mystery, thrillers, romance, etc.) and the concern of intellectuals about its growth. The study uses the years 1906–1911 and 1928–1933 as a sample for content analysis of the feuilleton sections of the two newspapers in order to examine the changes in source literatures and the category of literature. The results demonstrate that German literature still dominated the serialised fiction translations at the beginning of the century, although many other literatures were used as sources. In the independent Republic of Estonia, in the 1920s and 1930s, Anglo-American literature occupied the leading position in accordance with the general cultural orientation. Still, German had not become marginal, and the range of other source literatures was quite diverse. The proportion of popular literature, mystery novels, and romance above all, started to increase in Päewaleht since 1906, becoming dominant in the 1920s and 1930s. Postimees also started to include some mystery and thriller novels in the selection, but in general, remained true to its preference for literary fiction. Thus, the agency of the Editors-in-Chief and editorial boards can be seen in the choice of works. The overall abundance of translated popular fiction in the book market and periodicals caused the protests of writers and educational circles that culminated with the suggestion to introduce a translation tax, which was, however, abandoned.
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Lin, Erika. „Performance Practice and Theatrical Privilege: Rethinking Weimann’s Concepts of Locus and Platea“. New Theatre Quarterly 22, Nr. 3 (11.07.2006): 283–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x06000480.
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In this article, Erika T. Lin explores theatrical performance as a material medium by considering which elements might have been privileged in the dramaturgy of Shakespeare and his contemporaries. After considering the strengths and weaknesses of Robert Weimann’s influential concepts of locus and platea, she offers an alternative model for understanding the authority of performance in early modern England, in which stage geography and actor–audience interactivity, two key components of Weimann’s formulation, are less important than the interplay between representation and presentation. Through an analysis of specific scenes from a number of Shakespeare’s plays, she argues that the moments most privileged in the early modern playhouse were those that foregrounded the semiotic system through which actions presented onstage came to signify within the represented fiction. Erika T. Lin is an Assistant Professor in the Department of English at the University of Louisville. She is currently writing a book entitled Shakespeare and the Materiality of Performance, and is also beginning work on a new project which examines seasonal festivities, folk drama, and professional theatre in early modern England.
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Chekalov, Kirill A. „ALEXANDRE DUMAS AND A GOTHIC NOVEL (DEDICATED TO 150TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE WRITER’S DEATH)“. Vestnik of Kostroma State University, Nr. 3 (2020): 134–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2020-26-3-134-140.
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The article considers the characteristics of interpretation by Alexandre Dumas père of a genre of gothic fiction based on the writer’s less popular works: Le Château d’Eppstein, 1843 and Le Pasteur d’Ashbourn,1853. Alexandre Dumas père deviates from the genre’s traditional surrounding, i.e. the southern France, Italy, Spain. Le Château d’Eppstein is set in Germany; by connecting the legendary past with the historical time, Dumas enhances one of the genre’s inherent features, at the same time enriching the narrative with a dense intertextual component. The events of Le pasteur d’Ashbourn happen in England. The first part of the book is a rescript of a sentimental novel Leben Eines Armen Landpredigers by August Heinrich Julius Lafontaine (1801; translated in French by Isabelle de Montolieu as Nouveaux Tableaux De Famille Ou La Vie D’un Pauvre Ministre De Village Allemand Et De Ses Enfants – 1802; translated in English as The Village Pastor and His Children – 1803), which beautifully contrasts with a traditional gothic plot of the second part and an extensive ironic epilogue. Both novels demonstrate that Dumas did not intend to imitate the gothic fiction, but rather to transform it by means of witty genre and stylistic experiments.
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Jamsheer, Hassan A. „Fundamentalizm muzułmański wobec Szatańskich wersetów Salmana Rushdiego“. Studia Orientalne 5, Nr. 1 (2014): 15–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/so2014101.
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Salman Rushdie’s book, entitled The Satanic Verses is a contemporary fiction on the life of Indian-born personalities from the Muslim community in England. It includes also reflections on events of early Islam, that have allegedly occurred during the life and mission of Prophet Muhammad. The most important event is connected with the so-called Satanic verses, which were said to be part of the Quranic sura An-Najm (LIII, 19–20): “Have you seen Lat, and Uzza And another, the third [goddess], Manat? they are highly flying swans, Their mediation [between God and man] is desirable”. The last two verses are called in Islamic tradition “satanic”, because they imply Muhammad’s acceptance of polytheism due to some political calculations. Therefore their authenticity is rejected by most interpreters. This as well as many other considerations connected with the mentioned book and author induced the so-called Islamic fundamentalists (together with many Muslims) to describe the book as blasphemous. The article is an attempt to present Salman Rushdie’s book and its dimensions for Islamic traditional thought – against the background of documented disputes, in addition to the background of the question of the dialogue of civilisations.
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Hegel, Robert E. „A Plain History of the Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms“. East Asian Publishing and Society 9, Nr. 2 (29.10.2019): 99–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22106286-12341332.
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Abstract Through six centuries of commercial activity, cultural identification, wartime pillage, and scholarly scrutiny, the Sanguo zhi pinghua 三國志平話 (Plain Tale on The Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms), a work of popular historical fiction, survived to be reprinted for scholarly study around 1930. But this title and others from an original 1320s series continue to exist only because of a shared dedication to the study of books and through the collaboration of generations of Chinese, Japanese, and probably Korean merchants, teachers, editors, scholars, and bibliographers. This essay traces the tortuous path followed by this thin book through time, wars, and personal passions to reveal the generosity of scholars in making this title and its historical significance known today. As with cultural matters at other times and places, this path was regularly overshadowed by political and commercial interests.
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Bidun, Anna. „Art Book in the Theoretical Dimension and Practice System of the Editor“. Scientific notes of the Institute of Journalism, Nr. 1 (74) (2019): 78–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2522-1272.2019.74.8.
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An art book is a type of editions that condenses mould-breaking, innovational, uncommon approaches of both uthor and publisher on the idea of creation of a specific book content. In practice it’s common (by mistake or on purpose) o use art book definition to classify each traditional book that is unique by all means. As a result, this confuses all participants of the publishing process. The aim of the research is to study whether all editions that are defined as art books correspond to this classification, and to consider all challenges that the editors are facing to. Using the methods of observation and analysis we have found out that the dozens of Ukrainian and foreign editions can or cannot be classified as art books. Using the systems analysis method this data became a background for revealing the consistent pattern in defining art books and editions that relate logically similar to them. The research results confirm a problem of non-conformances between the content of editions and their classification. The illustrated artistic or fiction editions are often classified to the category of art book. Their main essential and typological properties don’t allow us to designate them as art books. The scope of this problem testifies the unconscious usage of these categories, neglect of basic art book properties or blind following to current trends for manipulative purpose that influences the culture of art books publishing and readers’ expectations.
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Ustinov, Andrei. „Addenda ad volumen: From the Unpublished Issue of the Magazine Hermes“. Literary Fact, Nr. 17 (2020): 203–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2541-8297-2020-17-203-236.
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Scholarly and literary magazine Hermes was issued in Moscow by a group of young philologists and poets in 1922‒1923. Its editors were B.V. Gornung and M.M. Kenigsberg. The magazine was well-known in literary circles of Moscow and Petrograd. It consisted of several sections dedicated to poetry, prose, scholarly essays, reviews and chronicle and was issued in twelve typewritten copies; there appeared three full issues. The magazine ceased to exist in 1924; its 4th and last issue had only one section devoted to fiction. Hermes has been studied thoroughly, many materials from the magazine have been republished. The paper contains supplements and commentaries that have to deal with the reception of N. Gumilev’s and M. Kuzmin’s works in the magazine (publication of M. Kuzmin’s poems, N. Wolkenau’s review of M. Kuzmin’s collection of poetry, M. Kenigsberg’s review of P. Muratov’s book of short stories, L. Gornung’s review of N. Gumilev’s post mortem poetic collection To the Blue Star).
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Sekretov, S. S. „A survey on the most in-demand books in Moscow libraries“. Voprosy literatury, Nr. 4 (22.08.2019): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31425/0042-8795-2019-4-75-83.
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The article presents a survey of readers’ demand for books and periodicals conducted in Moscow libraries in 2018, which analyzes readers’ tastes and preferences. The most in-demand serious fiction writers include E. Vodolazkin, A. Ivanov, Z. Prilepin, A. Rubanov, D. Rubina and G. Yakhina. The author enumerates the reasons for a particular writer, book or journal to keep their top position in the readers’ ratings over a long period of time. Also described are writers’ advertising strategies, as well as the influence of television and screen adaptations on readers’ demand for new books. Noviy Mirhas long established itself as the main thick literary journal. The article also raises the issue of dwindling circulation of literary journals, and offers advice to writers, editors, publishers and librarians about promoting their products. As a separate topic, the article examines a growing demand for translated literature (published, among others, in Inostrannaya Literatura), as well as for children’s books.
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Conary, Jennifer. „“DREAMING OVER AN UNATTAINABLE END”: DISRAELI'S TANCRED AND THE FAILURE OF REFORM“. Victorian Literature and Culture 38, Nr. 1 (23.02.2010): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150309990325.
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The “condition of England” in the middle of the nineteenth century was, for most Victorians (and is, indeed, for most modern scholars of the Victorian period), about as far removed from desert pirates and neo-Grecian queens as London from Jerusalem. But such was not the case in 1847 for the ambitious novelist-turned-politician Benjamin Disraeli, himself a mixture of political and social incongruities, who chose to conclude his political trilogy with a novel that bore greater resemblance to an Arabian Nights fantasy than to any mid-Victorian reform fiction. Contemporary readers of Tancred, or The New Crusade (1847) were understandably perplexed: “There is no principle of cohesion about the book, if we except the covers,” complained one reviewer (qtd. in Stewart 229). And, while critics have expanded upon this dismissive condemnation throughout the twentieth century, not much has changed regarding the general critical appraisal or thoughtful analysis of what Disraeli regarded as the favorite of his compositions (Blake 215). The least popular of the Young England novels both in its own day and in ours, Tancred has most frequently been viewed as an anomaly – an abandonment of the political manifesto Disraeli began in Coningsby and continued in Sybil.
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Vogrinčič, Ana. „Gossip; Gift and Commodity in Francis Coventry’s History of Pompey the Little; or; The Life and Adventures of a Lap-Dog (1751)“. ELOPE: English Language Overseas Perspectives and Enquiries 4, Nr. 1-2 (16.06.2007): 107–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/elope.4.1-2.107-120.
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Francis Coventry’s History of Pompey the Little represents one of the better known examples of today otherwise neglected eighteenth-century English novels of non human-characters. By pointing at thus far unacknowledged dimensions of the text; the article challenges the established reading of the book as put forward by Liz Bellamy in the theory of the ‘novels of circulation’. According to Bellamy; the peregrinating animals and objects of these narratives represent circulating commodities and thus symbolize alienated commercial society. Demonstrating that Pompey the lapdog rather functions as a gift and a gossip; this essay offers an alternative interpretation which opens up a different perspective on Coventry’s representation of society. Following from this; the paper aims at situating Pompey the Little’ within broader socio-cultural context of eighteenth-century England; as well as reflects on its place in fiction of the period. As such it advocates socio-historical approaches to literature.
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KITLV, Redactie. „Book reviews“. New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 83, Nr. 3-4 (01.01.2009): 294–360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002456.
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David Brion Davis, Inhuman Bondage: The Rise and Fall of Slavery in the New World (Trevor Burnard)Louis Sala-Molins, Dark Side of the Light: Slavery and the French Enlightenment (R. Darrell Meadows)Stephanie E. Smallwood, Saltwater Slavery: A Middle Passage from Africa to American Diaspora (Stephen D. Behrendt)Ruben Gowricharn, Caribbean Transnationalism: Migration, Pluralization, and Social Cohesion (D. Aliss a Trotz)Vilna Francine Bashi, Survival of the Knitted: Immigrant Social Networks in a Stratified World (Riva Berleant)Dwaine E. Plaza & Frances Henry (eds.), Returning to the Source: The Final Stage of the Caribbean Migration Circuit (Karen Fog Olwig)Howard J. Wiarda, The Dutch Diaspora: The Netherlands and Its Settlements in Africa, Asia, and the Americas (Han Jordaan) J. Christopher Kovats-Bernat, Sleeping Rough in Port-au-Prince: An Ethnography of Street Children &Violence in Haiti (Catherine Benoît)Ginetta E.B. Candelario, Black Behind the Ears: Dominican Racial Identity from Museums to Beauty Shops (María Isabel Quiñones)Paul Christopher Johnson, Diaspora Conversions: Black Carib Religion and the Recovery of Africa (Sarah England)Jessica Adams, Michael P. Bibler & Cécile Accilien (eds.), Just Below South: Intercultural Performance in the Caribbean and the U.S. South (Jean Muteba Rahier)Tina K. Ramnarine, Beautiful Cosmos: Performance and Belonging in the Caribbean Diaspora (Frank J. Korom)Patricia Joan Saunders, Alien-Nation and Repatriation: Translating Identity in Anglophone Caribbean Literature (Sue N. Greene)Mildred Mortimer, Writings from the Hearth: Public, Domestic, and Imaginative Space in Francophone Women’s Fiction of Africa and the Caribbean (Jacqueline Couti)Colin Woodard, The Republic of Pirates: Being the True and Surprising Story of the Caribbean Pirates and the Man Who Brought Them Down (Sabrina Guerra Moscoso)Peter L. Drewett & Mary Hill Harris, Above Sweet Waters: Cultural and Natural Change at Port St. Charles, Barbados, c. 1750 BC – AD 1850 (Frederick H. Smith)Reinaldo Funes Monzote, From Rainforest to Cane Field in Cuba: An Environmental History since 1492 (Bonham C. Richardson)Jean Besson & Janet Momsen (eds.), Caribbean Land and Development Revisited (Michaeline A. Crichlow)César J. Ayala & Rafael Bernabe, Puerto Rico in the American Century: A History since 1898 (Juan José Baldrich)Mindie Lazarus-Black, Everyday Harm: Domestic Violence, Court Rites, and Cultures of Reconciliation (Brackette F. Williams)Learie B. Luke, Identity and Secession in the Caribbean: Tobago versus Trinidad, 1889-1980 (Rita Pemberton)Michael E. Veal, Dub: Soundscapes and Shattered Songs in Jamaican Reggae (Shannon Dudley)Garth L. Green & Philip W. Scher (eds.), Trinidad Carnival: The Cultural Politics of a Transnational Festival (Kim Johnson)Jocelyne Guilbault, Governing Sound: The Cultural Politics of Trinidad’s Carnival Musics (Donald R. Hill)Shannon Dudley, Music from Behind the Bridge: Steelband Spirit and Politics in Trinidad and Tobago (Stephen Stuempfle)Kevin K. Birth, Bacchanalian Sentiments: Musical Experiences and Political Counterpoints in Trinidad (Philip W. Scher)
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FYFE, AILEEN. „READING CHILDREN'S BOOKS IN LATE EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY DISSENTING FAMILIES“. Historical Journal 43, Nr. 2 (Juni 2000): 453–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x99001156.
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The eighteenth-century commodifications of childhood and the sciences overlapped in the production of science books for children. This article examines a children's book written by two members of the Unitarian circle around Warrington Academy in the 1790s, and contrasts it with a Church of England work. The analysis reveals the extent to which religious differences could affect parental attitudes to the natural world, reason, the uses of the sciences, and the appropriate way to read and discuss books. Although the sciences were admitted as suitable for children, the issues of the subjects to be chosen, the purposes they were intended for, and the pedagogical methods by which they were presented, were still contested. This article also goes beyond the usual studies of children's books by focusing on non-fiction, and by emphasizing readers and use, rather than authors or publishers. Yet producing a history of reading based entirely on actual readers will be exceedingly difficult, so this article suggests an alternative, by combining accounts of actual readers' experiences with attitudes towards practices like orality and discussion.
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Bray, Judith. „CURRENT ISSUES IN SUCCESSION LAW“. Denning Law Journal 29, Nr. 1 (18.08.2017): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/dlj.v29i1.1424.
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As the editors observe at the start of this book, the law on succession is a “neglected field”in England whilst Continental and comparative lawyers have rediscovered it to be of immense practical importance which deserves greater academic attention. The rules of succession are of great significance to all; as pointed out by Penelope Reed in Chapter Seven there is no shortage of probate disputes that end up in the Chancery Division as a result of “… an ageing population, the increase in the incidence of dementia and the rise of house prices making estates worth fighting over…” Since death is inevitable and everyone will die either testate, having made a valid will or intestate, without a valid will the law of succession affects us all. In order to address this gap in the law a conference took place in July 2015 at All Souls College Oxford attended by Chancery Judges, a member of the Court of Appeal as well as a number of leading academics and practitioners. This book comprises eleven of the conference papers. The result is an excellent book both as a reference work for students and practitioners and also of interest to the wider public who may be drawn in by the subject matter and possibly the picture on the loose leaf cover showing David Wilkie’s well-known painting Reading of the Will. In many ways the most engaging feature of this collection is the breadth of subjects covered. They range from the more traditional succession issues such as the reform of the rules of intestacy in Chapter One and Mutual Wills in Chapter Five to the more challenging issues of Testamentary dispositions in favour of informal carers in Chapter Eight and Proprietary Estoppel in Chapter Four. Much credit should be given to the conference organisers and book editors for ensuring that the conference and later the book had sufficient breadth and did not dwell overly on the minutiae of the rules of drawing up a valid will although that said Chapter Four shows how this in itself embraces many wider legal issues.
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KING, DANIEL ROBERT. „Economies of Prestige and the Editorial Program Era: Literary Sociology and Tim Groenland's The Art of Editing“. Journal of American Studies 55, Nr. 2 (16.04.2021): 502–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875821000037.
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Tim Groenland's The Art of Editing is an exciting new addition to the field of literary sociology, making a valuable contribution to a discipline which has seen a resurgence since the turn of the millennium. In his seminal early work in the field, John Sutherland traces the origins of this kind of publishing history to Robert Escarpit's Sociology of Literature (1958), which he describes as the beginning of “modern, serious work” in considering the effects of the literary marketplace on the fiction of a particular era. However, it is the first two decades of the twenty-first century that have seen the most significant growth in sociological studies of literary production, a trend that Alan Liu calls “the resurgent history of the book.” This is a “resurgence” that Liu argues has resulted in “restoring to view … vital nodes in the circuit” of literary production, including “editors, publishers, translators, booksellers,” and many others. This recent growth in scholarly interest in the production and circulation of literary texts includes other significant figures such as James F. English, Mark McGurl, John B. Thompson, Loren Glass, Paul Crosthwaite, and David D. Hall.
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Rezaeiyazdi, Hamid. „Tremors“. American Journal of Islam and Society 31, Nr. 2 (01.04.2014): 136–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v31i2.1049.
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This collection of short stories and novel excerpts is the first of its kind to appearin English. Its twenty-seven stories are intended for the general publicinterested in exploring new horizons in fiction, although the fact that the bookis published by a university press might limit public access.Tremors is a collection of fiction revolving around the ideas of migration,exile, hybrid identities, and coming to terms with these. The book is dividedinto three sections, each of which, according to the editors, revolves around acentral theme. The stories in the first section, “American Homeland,” involvefictional accounts of the challenges of “immigration and assimilation in theUnited States” (p. xii). This, in fact, is not always the case. In Dena Afrasiabi’s“String,” for example, the female narrator, Forugh, is at home in the UnitedStates, for the only challenges facing her are the memory of her dead motherand the shadow of her sorrow-stricken Iranian father lurking in the background.Similarly, in Salar Abdoh’s “Fixer Karim,” it is the immigrant HeavyK who continues to ease past assimilation barriers in the United States, to theastonishment of the well-established Iranian-American narrator, so much sothat the story ends with Heavy K appearing as the lead singer in a countryband. In a number of stories, (e.g., Taha Ebrahimi’s “Family Trouble” or J.Kevin Shushtari’s “The Sweet Dry Fruit of the Lotus Tree”), in fact, the narrator’sfamily is well established and feels at home, sometimes with an Americanparent, until ghosts or guests from Iran upset the peace.The second section, “Iran, Land of Resilience,” has been so named becausethe setting of these stories is Iran, although not all of them entertainsuch a view about the land. One example is the excerpt from Zohreh Ghahremani’sSky of Red Poppies, in which the dark days of oppression under the ...
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Thaddeus, Janice Farrar. „Book Review: Women Writing About Money: Women's Fiction in England, 1790-1820, and: Equivocal Beings: Politics, Gender and Sentimentality in the 1790s - Wollstonecraft, Radcliffe, Burney, Austen“. Eighteenth-Century Studies 29, Nr. 2 (1995): 235–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ecs.1996.0001.
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Kovalenko, Alexander G., und Anastasia V. Denisenko. „Boris Akunin, literary critic and teacher. Book review: Akunin, B. (2022). A Russian in England: A self-instruction guide to fiction. Moscow: Alpina Publishers. (In Russ.)“. RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism 28, Nr. 1 (30.03.2023): 187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-9220-2023-28-1-187-191.
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Buckridge, Patrick. „Introduction to Tom Hurstbourne or A Squatter's Life“. Queensland Review 17, Nr. 1 (Januar 2010): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1321816600005225.
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My first reaction on reading Tom Hurstbourne or A Squatter's Life was surprise. When I first met them, the novel's editors, Gerard Benjamin and Gloria Grant had been very forthcoming about how they came by the manuscript – an intriguing saga in itself. However (and I hope they don't mind me saying this), I remember that they were deliberately a bit cagey about what the book was like as a work of fiction. What little they did say led me to expect something like a pioneering saga, with a straightforward life-narrative, probably beginning with the hero's childhood in the Old Country, then moving quickly to the Australian outback where the hero would undergo a series of challenges, hardships and adventures, suffering a bit along the way but emerging more or less triumphant at the end, sometimes with a wife, children and extensive landholdings. Quite a few Australian novels of this kind were published in the second half of the nineteenth century, and even more in the early decades of the twentieth – books like Miles Franklin's All That Swagger, Mary Durack's Kings in Grass Castles, Brian Penton's Landtakers, Roy Connolly's Southern Saga, Jeanie Gunn's We of the Never Never, and many others by lesser known authors.
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MAKEIEV, SERHII. „The concept of classes in early work of F. Engels“. Sociology: Theory, Methods, Marketing, Stmm. 2021 (4) (Dezember 2021): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/sociology2021.04.073.
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In 2020 the scientific community celebrated the 200th anniversary of the birth of Friedrich Engels with numerous publications, conferences, and meetings. But as if by tradition representatives of various social and humanitarian disciplines, including sociologists, were and remain to this day, surprisingly inattentive (or indifferent) to the concepts of classes and class analysis presented by the founder of Marxism in his first book «The Condition of the Working Class in England», published in 1845. Modern life writers of F. Engels usually rank the work as a genre of high-quality journalistic investigations, as an engaged political journalism, as the first publications on the problem of urbanization, and as one of the best examples of a fiction book about the life and customs of the Victorian era. The article substantiates its belonging to the social and humanitarian science in accordance with today’s ideas about the relevance of scientific research. A sociological explication and interpretation of the views on the formation, evolution and prospects for the participation of large groups of people in the process of transforming social orders are proposed. The first part presents the biographical context of Engels’ writing of his first major work, as well as some post-biographical facts about the memory of his stay in Manchester in connection with the living conditions of English workers. The second part lists those conceptual constructs that can be taken for the concept of classes.
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Sánchez-Eppler, Karen. „Marks of Possession: Methods for an Impossible Subject“. PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 126, Nr. 1 (Januar 2011): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2011.126.1.151.
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In her 1892 study of children's literature, the child and his book, louise frances field complains, “the subject of this volume is one which, from its nature, presents many difficulties as regards material. It is the fate of children's books to be destroyed by children themselves” (v). Of course, the difficulties of children's literature are not only material. Jacqueline Rose's insistence on the “impossibility of children's fiction” has had the salutary effect of keeping scholars warily attuned to how adult desires—from sex to money to politics—structure the genre. Despite the claim of possession housed in that apostrophe, most scholars of children's literature acknowledge that these books don't really belong to children at all (Hunt). My intention in this essay is to use one of these impossibilities to circumvent the other. I am interested in children's own relation to their reading; I strive to understand not just the books adults produced for children—that is, what adults thought about childhood and wanted to say to children—but also what children actually did with these texts, how they took possession of them. I hope to demonstrate that the penchant for destroying books that Field deplores can provide insight into the literary history of childhood. For this brief essay, I take as my archive the book-destroying habits of the children of one affluent, highly literary family in post–Civil War New England: the niece and nephews of the poet Emily Dickinson—Edward (“Ned”), born in 1861; Martha (“Mattie”), born in 1866; and Thomas Gilbert (“Gib”), born in 1875.
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Camion, Arlette. „Retour d'exil : l'échec de Theodor Kramer“. Austriaca 45, Nr. 1 (1997): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/austr.1997.3190.
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Return from exile : the failure of Theodor Kramer. Prior to 1934, Theodor Kramer had been a well-know poet. He contributed to “Die Arbeiterzeitung” and co-founded “Die Vereinigung sozialistischer Schriftsteller”. Not surprisingly, he had therefore less and less opportunities to publish his work after 1934. Even the exiled German and Austrian editors refused his manuscripts. Kramer was an anti-dogmatic socialist and an anti-fascist who was completely deprived of any hatred towards anyone, and thus must have been too atypical. After a suicide attempt in 1938, Kramer gave up writing altogether until 1940. Exiled in England, he was interned as an enemy alien. During his internment, writing became a means of survival. The work of Theodor Kramer is voluminous and uneven. He had very few opportunities in his lifetime after 1945 to make a selection of his poems for editing purposes. Verbannt aus Österreich was published 1943 in London and went almost unnoticed. Wien 1938 and Die untere Schenke fused two radically different voices : the frightened voice of the persecuted Jew in the former, and the voice of the countryside proletariat in the latter. Kramer surpassed himself in England, which remained unpublished and in Lob der Verzweiflung. Although it was completed as early as 1946, this book was published only fifteen years after the author’s death. Kramer returned to Vienna in September 1957 arid died in the Spring of the following year. Austrian literature had lost a genuine “Heimatdichter”, areal “Asphaltliterat”, who never had the chance or perhaps the will to assert his presence in the poetic landscape of the postwar era.
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KITLV, Redactie. „Book reviews“. New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 66, Nr. 3-4 (01.01.1992): 249–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002001.
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-Jay B. Haviser, Jerald T. Milanich ,First encounters: Spanish explorations in the Caribbean and the United States, 1492-1570. Gainesville FL: Florida Museum of Natural History & University Presses of Florida, 1989. 221 pp., Susan Milbrath (eds)-Marvin Lunenfeld, The Libro de las profecías of Christopher Columbus: an en face edition. Delano C. West & August Kling, translation and commentary. Gainesville FL: University of Florida Press, 1991. x + 274 pp.-Suzannah England, Charles R. Ewen, From Spaniard to Creole: the archaeology of cultural formation at Puerto Real, Haiti. Tuscaloosa AL; University of Alabama Press, 1991. xvi + 155 pp.-Piero Gleijeses, Bruce Palmer Jr., Intervention in the Caribbean: the Dominican crisis of 1965. Lexington KY: University Press of Kentucky, 1989.-Piero Gleijeses, Herbert G. Schoonmaker, Military crisis management: U.S. intervention in the Dominican Republic, 1965. Westport CT: Greenwood Press, 1990. 152 pp.-Jacqueline A. Braveboy-Wagner, Fitzroy André Baptiste, War, cooperation, and conflict: the European possessions in the Caribbean, 1939-1945. Westport CT: Greenwood Press, 1988. xiv + 351 pp.-Peter Meel, Paul Sutton, Europe and the Caribbean. London: Macmillan Caribbean, 1991. xii + 260 pp.-Peter Meel, Betty Secoc-Dahlberg, The Dutch Caribbean: prospects for democracy. New York: Gordon and Breach, 1990. xix + 333 pp.-Michiel Baud, Rosario Espinal, Autoritarismo y democracía en la política dominicana. San José, Costa Rica: Ediciones CAPEL, 1987. 208 pp.-A.J.G. Reinders, J.M.R. Schrils, Een democratie in gevaar: een verslag van de situatie op Curacao tot 1987. Assen, Maastricht: Van Gorcum, 1990. xii + 292 pp.-Andrés Serbin, David W. Dent, Handbook of political science research on Latin America: trends from the 1960s to the 1990s. Westport CT: Greenwood, 1990.-D. Gail Saunders, Dean W. Collinwood, The Bahamas between worlds. Decatur IL: White Sound Press, 1989. vii + 119 pp.-D. Gail Saunders, Dean W. Collinwood ,Modern Bahamian society. Parkersburg IA: Caribbean Books, 1989. 278 pp., Steve Dodge (eds)-Peter Hulme, Pierrette Frickey, Critical perspectives on Jean Rhys. Washington DC: Three Continents Press, 1990. 235 pp.-Alvina Ruprecht, Lloyd W. Brown, El Dorado and Paradise: Canada and the Caribbean in Austin Clarke's fiction. Parkersburg IA: Caribbean Books, 1989. xv + 207 pp.-Ineke Phaf, Michiel van Kempen, De Surinaamse literatuur 1970-1985: een documentatie. Paramaribo: Uitgeverij de Volksboekwinkel, 1987. 406 pp.-Genevieve Escure, Barbara Lalla ,Language in exile: three hundred years of Jamaican Creole. Tuscaloosa AL: University of Alabama Press, 1990. xvii + 253 pp., Jean D'Costa (eds)-Charles V. Carnegie, G. Llewellyn Watson, Jamaican sayings: with notes on folklore, aesthetics, and social control.Tallahassee FL: Florida A & M University Press, 1991. xvi + 292 pp.-Donald R. Hill, Kaiso, calypso music. David Rudder in conversation with John La Rose. London: New Beacon Books, 1990. 33 pp.-Mark Sebba, John Victor Singler, Pidgin and creole tense-mood-aspect systems. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins, 1990. xvi + 240 pp.-Dale Tomich, Pedro San Miguel, El mundo que creó el azúcar: las haciendas en Vega Baja, 1800-873. Río Piedras, Puerto Rico: Ediciones Huracán, 1989. 224 pp.-César J. Ayala, Juan José Baldrich, Sembraron la no siembra: los cosecheros de tabaco puertorriqueños frente a las corporaciones tabacaleras, 1920-1934. Río Piedras, Puerto Rico: Ediciones Huracán, 1988.-Robert Forster, Jean-Michel Deveau, La traite rochelaise. Paris: Kathala, 1990. 334 pp.-Ernst van den Boogaart, Johannes Menne Postma, The Dutch in the Atlantic slave trade, 1600-1815. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990. xiv + 428 pp.-W.E. Renkema, T. van der Lee, Plantages op Curacao en hun eigenaren (1708-1845): namen en data voornamelijk ontleend aan transportakten. Leiden, the Netherlands: Grafaria, 1989. xii + 87 pp.-Mavis C. Campbell, Wim Hoogbergen, The Boni Maroon wars in Suriname. Leiden, the Netherlands: E.J. Brill, 1990. xvii + 254 pp.-Rafael Duharte Jiménez, Carlos Esteban Dieve, Los guerrilleros negros: esclavos fugitivos y cimarrones en Santo Domingo. Santo Domingo: Fundación Cultural Dominicana, 1989. 307 pp.-Rosemarijn Hoefte, Hans Ramsoedh, Suriname 1933-1944: koloniale politiek en beleid onder Gouverneur Kielstra. Delft, the Netherlands: Eburon, 1990. 255 pp.-Gert Oostindie, Kees Lagerberg, Onvoltooid verleden: de dekolonisatie van Suriname en de Nederlandse Antillen. Tilburg, the Netherlands: Instituut voor Ontwikkelingsvraagstukken, Katholieke Universiteit Brabant, 1989. ii + 265 pp.-Aisha Khan, Anthony de Verteuil, Eight East Indian immigrants. Port of Spain: Paria, 1989. xiv + 318 pp.-John Stiles, Willie L. Baber, The economizing strategy: an application and critique. New York: Peter Lang, 1988. xiii + 232 pp.-Faye V. Harrison, M.G. Smith, Poverty in Jamaica. Kingston: Institute of social and economic research, 1989. xxii + 167 pp.-Sidney W. Mintz, Dorian Powell ,Street foods of Kingston. Mona, Jamaica: Institute of social and economic research, 1990. xii + 125 pp., Erna Brodber, Eleanor Wint (eds)-Yona Jérome, Michel S. Laguerre, Urban poverty in the Caribbean: French Martinique as a social laboratory. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1990. xiv + 181 pp.
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Reed, John R. „FIGHTING WORDS: TWO PROLETARIAN MILITARY NOVELS OF THE CRIMEAN PERIOD“. Victorian Literature and Culture 36, Nr. 2 (September 2008): 331–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150308080200.
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About a decade after Waterloo, there arose in England a subgenre of fiction that can be called the military novel. George Robert Gleig is credited with originating the genre with a fictionalized autobiography entitled The Subaltern, which appeared serially in Blackwood's Magazine in 1825 and was subsequently published as a book. Military memoirs were appearing from soon after the end of the Napoleonic Wars, and the military novel was an outgrowth of that literature. Many of the authors of military novels had themselves served in the army, but the most notable of them all, Charles Lever, had not been a military man, though he consorted with officers often enough. Beginning with The Confessions of Harry Lorrequer, which was serialized first and then appeared as a single volume in 1839, Lever produced a string of popular novels about the army, with young officers as their heroes. The novels of this subgenre concentrated on officers, though there are amusing rankers, that is, enlisted soldiers, as well in Lever's novels likely to be clever Irishmen. For the most part, though, rankers are background figures and have largely stereotypical lower class ways. There are obligatory romance and inheritance plots in these narratives, with the hero usually ending up married and with an estate of his own, either through direct inheritance, or the discovery of a hitherto unknown fortune. This genre lasted about fifteen years, petering out by mid-century.
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Bogel, Gayle. „Choosing the Right Book: Factors that Affect Children’s Reading“. Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 6, Nr. 1 (16.03.2011): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b83g8j.
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A Review of:
Maynard, S., Mackay, S., & Smyth, F. (2008). A survey of young people's reading in England: Borrowing and choosing books. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, 40(4), 239-253.
Objective – To analyze factors affecting book choice: reading recommendations, reasons for choosing series books, book reviews, and school libraries.
Design – This secondary analysis of data is based on a selection of findings from a larger 2005 survey that monitored trends in youth reading habits. The large scale 2005 study was designed as a follow up to a 1996 survey. The 2005 survey used online questionnaires and formal statistical analysis to compare gender and age groups. The data on factors affecting book choice were derived from the original questions, responses, and analyses.
Setting – Questionnaires were administered in
22 primary and 24 secondary schools in the UK with access to computers and internet.
Subjects – Almost 4,200 students from 4 to 16 years of age.
Methods – Study authors invited approximately 150 schools to participate in the survey. Forty-six schools (31%) responded. A total of 22 primary and 24 secondary schools participated in the original study between April and June 2005.
This study used comparative analysis to examine factors affecting book choice between gender and age groups. Statistical significance was defined as one percent. Other demographic information was collected, such as ethnicity, language spoken at home, and religion, but was deemed insufficient for any meaningful analysis.
There were 4,182 responses to the survey, separated into three age groups: ages 4 to 7 (KS1), ages 7 to 11 (KS2), and ages 11 to 16 (KS3&4).
Students were asked to describe themselves as readers by responding to multiple choice questions, and then to provide specific information on the places or people most frequently used as book borrowing sources. Participants were considered “enthusiastic” readers if they “read a lot with pleasure” and “average” readers if they “read an ordinary amount”. Participants responded to additional multiple choice questions on specific factors related to borrowing books and book choices, the process of choosing series, fiction, and nonfiction books.
Main Results – Readers: The number of children who described themselves as “enthusiastic” readers decreased with age, and approximately half of the children between 7 and 16 years of age described themselves as “average” readers, average rating increasing slightly through this age group. Investigators found a marked difference in gender within the 4 to 7 year olds: 49.7% percent of girls in this age group considered themselves “enthusiastic,” compared to 37.3% of boys. Only 18.5% of girls considered themselves “reluctant” readers, compared to 28.1% of boys.
The longitudinal comparison to the earlier 1996 study found that although the percentage of boys from ages 7 to 16 who described themselves as reluctant readers stayed about the same, the percentage of girls who described themselves as reluctant increased. There was also a dramatic drop in the number of girls who described themselves as enthusiastic; from 51% in 1996 to 17% in 2005.
Borrowing Books: Libraries of all types (school, classroom and public) were the prime sources for borrowing books. Girls borrowed more books from schools than boys, and girls also borrowed more books from non-library sources (family members and friends) than boys. Both boys and girls increasingly reported borrowing more books from friends than from libraries as they grew older.
Over half of each age group rated the school library or classroom book corner as having “enough” books. The perception of “too many books” decreased with age. The perception of quality of the classroom or school library also decreased with age. The number of students in the younger age groups who rated the quality of books in the classroom or school library as “very good” was significantly higher than students in the older age groups. The number of student who rated the quality as “okay” doubled from the lower to the higher age group.
Choosing Books: Children were asked six questions related to whether the physical book itself provided motivation to read, and six questions related to other factors for book recommendation. Younger readers were more likely to choose a book for its visual appeal, although this factor (interesting cover or illustrations inside) was more consistent for boys of all age groups than girls. The author’s name and book blurb were stronger factors for girls in the 7 to 16 age group than for boys.
The study authors sought to explore the idea of “shared reading” and asked children in the 7 to 11 and 11 to 16 age groups how often they chose a book based on a recommendation from a friend or family member, a public or school librarian, or other adults. Friends were the strongest recommendation source (43.2% for 7 to 11 year olds and 38.4% for 11to 16 year olds). Recommendations from school or public librarians rated only three to six percent for both age groups.
All age groups were asked about choosing series books, and the questions were simplified for the younger age group. All students reported that appealing factors were the consistency of characters, familiar storylines, and familiar writing styles. Some students also noted that the availability of series books positively affected their choices.
Print or online book reviews were used “hardly ever or never” by over 40% of the 7 to16 year old age groups, while television or magazine reviews or recommendations were highly rated by over 50% of respondents in the same age groups. Participants chose informational or non-fiction books because of personal interests, hobbies, or recommendations from friends, while they selected fiction or poetry for the blurb, title, or appearance and design of the cover. Celebrity recommendations and books about celebrities were popular reasons for choosing books.
When asked who helped them choose books, 53.2% in the 7 to11 age group and 66.1% in the 11to 16 age group stated that no one ever helps them. Of the students who had help choosing books, “family members” was the most common response. Local librarians were not used as a source for recommendations.
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Gordon, Ian. „Book reviews : Breheny, M. and Congdon, P., editors, 1989: Growth and change in a core region: the case of South East England. London: Pion. 260 pp. £18.00, US$35.00 paper“. Progress in Human Geography 15, Nr. 3 (September 1991): 344–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030913259101500312.
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Bereza, Oksana. „Chyrów Jesuit College and its library (on the example of the fund of the department of European books of the 19th–20th centuries of Vasyl Stefanyk National Scientific Library of Ukraine in Lviv)“. Proceedings of Vasyl Stefanyk National Scientific Library of Ukraine in Lviv, Nr. 15(31) (2023): 261–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37222/2524-0315-2023-15(31)-10.
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The Chyrów educational institution of the Jesuit fathers, founded in 1886, was an institution of great importance for the education of elites at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. In terms of scientific and general equipment, it was considered the best-equipped collegium in pre-war Galicia. Moreover, the equipment often exceeded the world standards of the time. Pupils of the Chyrów institution worked in various fields: government officials, politicians, diplomats, parliamentarians, soldiers, scientists, lawyers, artists, writers, clergy. Many famous Jesuits passed through him – theologians, magazine editors and persons who held high positions in the order. The article highlights the past pages of the Chyrów college, its development as an educational institution, which was a bright phenomenon in the history of education in Galicia in the 19th – mid-20th centuries. The formation of the Chyrów library at different stages of the institution’s existence is analyzed, the characteristic features of the Chyrów collection are indicated, and the printed editions discovered from the book collection of the Chyrów College of Jesuit Fathers, stored in the fund of the Department of European Books of the Vasyl Stefanyk National Scientific Library of Ukraine in Lviv. The study of the Chyrów collection includes the general characteristics of the institutional library, the analysis of the book array, the development of typology, and the clarification of the type and content. In the process of working on the article, we created a scientific and bibliographic description of Chyrów prints and introduced them into the modern scientific and informational space. Special attention was paid to the processing of book marks contained on the publications and indicating that the publications belong to the library of the Chyrów College, the artistic printed bookplate was described, and the owner’s inscriptions on the examined copies were deciphered. It is characteristic of the books from the Chyrów collection that they contain numerous notes in the margins, which testifies to the scrupulous study of educational and fiction literature by high school students. Thus, the editions of the Chyrów library were examined from the standpoint of historical- bibliographical and historical-biographical analysis, interesting examples of the book heritage of the educational institution of the Jesuit fathers were investigated, which is an important direction of studying and revealing the historical and cultural funds of libraries as a significant component of the national cultural heritage.
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Baker, Alan R. H. „Book reviews : Dodgshon, R.A. and Butlin, R.A., editors, 1990: An historical geography of England and Wales, second edition. London: Academic Press. xxiv+598 pp. £21.95 paper. ISBN: 0 12 219254 0“. Progress in Human Geography 16, Nr. 4 (Oktober 1992): 617–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030913259201600420.
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Pope, Rebecca A. „BOOK REVIEW: Paula Gillett.MUSICAL WOMEN IN ENGLAND, 1870-1914: ?ENCROACHING ON ALL MEN'S PRIVILEGES,?. and Phyllis Weliver.WOMEN MUSICIANS IN VICTORIAN FICTION, 1860-1900: REPRESENTATIONS OF MUSIC, SCIENCE AND GENDER IN THE LEISURED HOME.“ Victorian Studies 45, Nr. 1 (Oktober 2002): 186–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/vic.2002.45.1.186.
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Saka, Hiroyasu. „Series in Microscopy in Materials Science: Electron Microscopy in Heterogeneous Catalysis. P.L. Gai and E.D. Boyes. Series Editors: B. Cantor, M.J. Goringe, and J.A Eades. Institute of Physics Publishing, Bristol, England; 2003, 233 pages (Hardback). ISBN 0-7503-0809-5“. Microscopy and Microanalysis 9, Nr. 4 (August 2003): 368. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927603030526.
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This book deals with in situ dynamic observation and analysis of heterogeneous catalysis using environmental cells (EC) in transmission (TEM) and scanning electron microscopes (SEM). In general, it is based on outstanding and unique works carried out by the authors themselves over the past three decades, who pioneered this key enabling area of materials science.
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Stundžienė, Bronė. „Traces of Time in the History of Editing the Book of Lithuanian Folk Songs“. Tautosakos darbai 61 (01.06.2021): 141–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.51554/td.21.61.06.
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The 40th anniversary of publication of the Book of Lithuanian Folk Songs (1980–2020), with its 25th volume being published, presents a good opportunity to look back into the history of this significant long-time project. Already during the interwar period, the leading Lithuanian scholars of literature and folklore proposed an idea of launching a multi-volume edition of the rich Lithuanian folksong heritage, comprising hundreds of thousands of variants accumulated in the archives or printed sources. This idea was successfully implemented much later. The publication of the collection of Lithuanian songs started only in 1980, in the late Soviet period, and has continued ever since – through restoration of Lithuanian independence in 1990 and until nowadays. The history of this huge folksong project is particularly impressive in terms of the time span of its implementation, meriting a separate study. The current article focuses on the role of time in the process of publishing the Book of Lithuanian Folk Songs that embraced two entirely different political epochs (the first five volumes saw publication in Soviet times). Such angle of investigation was prompted by the particularly strict ideological censorship that was applied during Soviet period to all publications, especially those belonging to the sphere of humanities, including fiction and research. The current research is methodologically supported by quite advanced studies of the Soviet period carried out by the Lithuanian historians and literary scholars, and among other things encompassing the complicated and watchful surveillance of press, the censors being enabled to judge whether or not a given publication suited the ideological requirements and therefore could or could not be published. The author presents a brief overview of the experiences gained by the editors of the Book of Lithuanian Folk Songs and some previous folklore publications that testify to their growing “skills” in substantiating the proposed publications in order to get them to see the daylight, and to save them from being banned by politically faultfinding Soviet censors. Certain circumstances that facilitated folklore research and publication are also discussed. These primarily include the “folk” character of the material in question, relating it to the Marxist definition of the suppressed and exploited class – namely, the peasants. In Soviet period, this endowed folklore with certain privileges unavailable to literature, for instance. The main part of the research presented in the current article essentially focuses on two issues: 1) the development of the ideologically constrained public spread of folklore, primarily folksongs that were scrupulously surveyed by the Soviet censors; 2) changes and continuity in the publication concept of the Book of Lithuanian Folk Songs after Lithuania regained independence. The author concludes that typological, or genre-related structural pattern of the collection was not essentially updated under the impact of the same – time factor; however, not only Soviet in this case. Certain stagnation possibly resulted due to the unchanged research methodology of the Lithuanian folksongs that was applied since the very first publications and persisted in the course of the whole 20th century, mainly centering on the artistic qualities of the folklore expressions.
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Di Dio, Tommaso. „lavoro per un'antologia“. Polisemie 3 (22.05.2022): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31273/polisemie.v3.822.
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It is almost expected for an anthology of contemporary poetry to adapt to certain assumptions, which editors seem to repeat almost inadvertently, such as the distinction of poets by generations or the creation of individual sections opened by the authors’ biographies. Yet, several considerations on the contemporary historical setting and on how this influences the landscape of contemporary poetry (e.g., the pervasiveness of web connections that leads to a sort of widespread and multimedial textuality, while the printed book surprisingly maintains a certain specific relevance, as well as the development of the genre of scientific studies towards fiction, opening new ways for authors to explore) invite us to look for a different approach. The essay analyses the formal principles of some of the most important Italian poetic anthologies published during the last fifty years in order to propose a new form of anthology, which spans from a theatrical dimension (a few selected authors on the poetic scene) to the idea of the anthology as landscape (an ecosystem of a variety of authors, constantly remoulded by the interaction with new poetic writing). The essay will highlight both the advantages and the risks inherent to this approach. Un'antologia della poesia contemporanea sembra doversi adeguare ad alcuni assunti, ripetuti quasi inavvertitamente, come per esempio la distinzione dei poeti per generazioni oppure la loro scansione per biografie. Eppure, una molteplicità di considerazioni sulla situazione storica contemporanea e su come essa influenzi il panorama della poesia (per esempio la pervasività delle connessioni informatiche che conduce ad una sorta di testualità diffusa e multimediale, la contemporanea sorprendente permanenza del formato libro, ma anche lo sviluppo finzionale del genere saggistico che suggerisce nuove vie autoriali agli studi) invita ad immaginare un diverso approccio. Discutendo i principi formali di alcune delle principali antologie degli ultimi cinquant'anni, si arriva a ipotizzare una nuova forma: da un'idea teatrale dell'antologia (pochi selezionati autori sulla scena poetica), ad un'idea paesaggistica (una varietà di autori nel divenire degli scritti di poesia). Il saggio ne sottolineerà vantaggi e rischi.
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Faber, William. „Book review: Ungulate management in Europe: Problems and practices. Rory Putman, Marco Apollonio, and Reidar Andersen, editors. 2011. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, United Kingdom. x + 398 pp. ISBN-13: 978-0-5217-6059-1 (hardcover).“ Journal of Wildlife Management 76, Nr. 5 (10.05.2012): 1101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.399.
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Eddy, J. A., J. D. North, S. Debarbat, H. Eelsalu, O. Pedersen und Xi Ze-Zong. „41. History of Astronomy (Histoire De L’astronomie)“. Transactions of the International Astronomical Union 20, Nr. 01 (1988): 567–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0251107x00007380.
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Commission 41 has been involved in one colloquium and one symposium since the last report:IAU Colloquium 91 on “The History of Oriental Astronomy” was held in New Delhi, November 13-16, 1985, preceding the XlXth General Assembly. Members of the scientific organizing committee were S.M.R. Ansari, E.S. Kennedy, D. King, R. Mercier, O. Pedersen, D. Pingree, G. Saliba, Xi Ze-Zong and K. Yabuuti. The colloquium was co-sponsored by the International Union for the History and Philosophy of Science, and by a number of organizations in India: the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, the Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, the Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bangalore, the Indian National Science Academy, New Delhi, the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bombay, and the University Grants Commission, New Delhi. The local organizing committee, chaired by G. Swarup, made possible a number of local excursions, including a conducted tour of the great stone open air observatory, built in the city by the enlightened Maharadjah Jai Singh in the 18th century. The colloquium brought 84 participants from 19 countries. 46 papers were presented of which 10 were invited, covering aspects of astronomy in the far east and middle east since the earliest civilizations. Papers from Colloquium 91 have now been published in book form: History of Oriental Astronomy, G. Swarup, A.K. Bag, and K.S. Shukla, editors, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, 1987. Contributions are divided into three broad categories: ancient astronomy and its characteristics, ancient elements and planetary models, and medieval astronomy. Within these are papers on the characteristics and achievements of early astronomy in the eastern half of the world, including inter-regional development and mutual influences, ancient data relating to eclipses, supernovae and comets, medieval astronomical developments, instruments and early observatories, and the interplay between observational and theoretical astronomy. A short introductory paper by the revered historian E.S. Kennedy opens the book, as it set the stage for the colloquium in New Delhi: “We find (astronomy) originating a few centuries before the Christian era in two disparate cultures, Mesopotamia and the Hellenistic world. From the Mediterranean it passed to India, there to flourish. Thence the centroid of activity moved westward, residing in the lands of Islam during medieval times, more recently in Europe. Now astronomical research is carried out throughout the entire world.”
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Rieger, Stefan. „Neues Lesen. Unikalität und Multisensorik als Strategien der Literaturvermittlung“. Journal of Literary Theory 17, Nr. 1 (18.07.2023): 143–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jlt-2023-2007.
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Abstract This text intends to contribute to the transformation of the classical printed book to its alternative forms and shapes, praxeologies and customs. Besides digital variants, this also applies to those that specifically emphasize other forms of reception, those that shift the reading experience into the virtual sphere. At the same time, the book has an enormous capacity to persist in the economy of mediation. This applies both to the customs of its use and to its cultural status in general. It is self-evident that this transfer of the book’s appearance does not take place without interruption. Of course, there are significant differences both in reading habits and in reading scenes. Reading modalities have also changed, diversified and differentiated. However, the appearance of the classical book and the traditional ways of dealing with it persist. It is necessary to situate this appearance of the book and thereby put its persistence in relation to the phenomenal formations, to the changed arrangements, infrastructures, and materialities. The book remains valid as a semantically as well as phenomenally equally resilient center of organization, not least because it succeeds in regaining terrain by the use of technical possibilities and thus also by reaffirming its historically vouchsafed phantasmatics, for instance by using new sensualities. Procedures of virtualization and augmentation turn reading into an advanced reception possibility, adapted to the state of the art of the technical world of living and reading. In the course of this shift, not only did the possibilities of reception change, but also the object of reading. Both aspects can be condensed into two core concepts, which also characterize the title: Multisensory and Uniqueness. Multisensory integrates other senses such as tactility and haptics in addition to seeing and hearing. Whereas the concept of uniqueness encompasses moments that promote a regionalization of literature. The corresponding narrative appears increasingly data-driven (data epics): It is based on a sensorial recording of life circumstances, and on the individual and personal set pieces which can be found in the respective environments. Not the major themes of world literature, but the respective life conditions with their everyday objects and behaviors become the driving force of narratives and reading moments. This finding is particularly striking in view of the possibility of typographic duplication and contradicts common expectations. The object of reading and thus of literary mediation is thus less a canon of literary works that is considered authoritative. Rather highly personalized narrative forms and narrative moments are tapped in the course of changed receptions. These emerge in different places and with different target groups as effects of these new possibilities. In this way, an almost poetological momentum is unleashed that not only works its way through predefined narrative patterns and a canon of works considered authoritative and translates them into other reading environments, but also creates them autopoetically. Both aspects, the expansion of the senses and the radicalization of what there is to write and read, contribute in their own way to making the concept of mediation more flexible and to freeing it from the appearance of the social-distributive, that is, of the field of markets, editors, forms of distribution, and event routines. Literary mediation thereby becomes a process of mutual references between production and reception, but by no means a moral custodianship and transfer of a set of texts, however stably conceptualized, that are commonly understood as literature. In the derivation of these changes, there is a peculiar overlap with historical ways of dealing with and stations of reading. It turns out that above all the possibilities of a multisensory addressing are themselves literarily prefigured – in a reading that Friedrich Kittler has reconstructed prototypically for the writing system of 1800. In the course of the New Reading, cultural technique and media technique, imagination and immersion, enter into a relationship of mutual modeling. Reading forms alliances, for example, with the technical possibilities of designated immersion scenarios, thus, under the conditions of virtuality. The discussion of altered sensualities is laid out, for instance when haptics for affective reading or reading under new highly technical reading environments are inquired about. This paper demonstrates that the book survives these movements in many ways. It maintains its persistence through strategies of flexibilization and participation. But it also persists by changing the praxeologies associated with it, as the persistence of page-turning shows. It opens up to new forms of multisensory experience. In the course of this transformation, virtuality becomes nothing less than a mediating instance of certain notions of literariness. And even more: virtuality promotes storytelling in a variety of ways. It enables collaborations and organizes occasions; it opens up residues of the participatory and the co-speculative. Located in an environment that, under titles such as Research through Design, Speculative Design, or Design Fiction, wants to break away from functional monotonies and guaranteed affordances, the design of alternative futures thus becomes possible. The book appears in the mode of the tailor-made, the personal tailored, the issued unique. Uniqueness and multisensoriality thus constitute the center of a new reading.
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Werle, Dirk, und Uwe Maximilian Korn. „Telling the Truth: Fictionality and Epic in Seventeenth-Century German Literature“. Journal of Literary Theory 14, Nr. 2 (25.09.2020): 241–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jlt-2020-2006.
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AbstractResearch on the history of fiction of the early modern period has up to now taken primarily the novel into consideration and paralleled the rise of the novel as the leading genre of narrative literature with the development of the modern consciousness of fictionality. In the present essay, we argue that contemporary reflections on fictionality in epic poetry, specifically, the carmen heroicum, must be taken into account to better understand the history of fiction from the seventeenth century onwards. The carmen heroicum, in the seventeenth century, is the leading narrative genre of contemporary poetics and as such often commented on in contexts involving questions of fictionality and the relationship between literature and truth, both in poetic treatises and in the poems themselves. To reconstruct a historical understanding of fictionality, the genre of the epic poem must therefore be taken into account.The carmen heroicum was the central narrative genre in antiquity, in the sixteenth century in Italy and France, and still in the seventeenth century in Germany and England. Martin Opitz, in his ground-breaking poetic treatise, the Buch von der Deutschen Poeterey (1624), counts the carmen heroicum among the most important poetic genres; but for poetry written in German, he cites just one example of the genre, a text he wrote himself. The genre of the novel is not mentioned at all among the poetic genres in Opitz’ treatise. Many other German poetic treatises of the seventeenth century mention the importance of the carmen heroicum, but they, too, provide only few examples of the genre, even though there were many Latin and German-language epic poems in the long seventeenth century. For Opitz, a carmen heroicum has to be distinguished from a work of history insofar as its author is allowed to add fictional embellishments to the ›true core‹ of the poem. Nevertheless, the epic poet is, according to Opitz, still bound to the truthfulness of his narrative.Shortly before the publication of Opitz’ book, Diederich von dem Werder translated Torquato Tasso’s epic poem Gerusalemme liberata (1580); his translation uses alexandrine verse, which had recently become widely successful in Germany, especially for epic poems. Von dem Werder exactly reproduces Tasso’s rhyming scheme and stanza form. He also supplies the text with several peritexts. In a preface, he assures the reader that, despite the description of unusual martial events and supernatural beings, his text can be considered poetry. In a historiographical introduction, he then describes the course of the First Crusade; however, he does not elaborate about the plot of the verse epic. In a preceding epyllion – also written in alexandrine verse – von dem Werder then poetically demonstrates how the poetry of a Christian poet differs from ancient models. All these efforts can be seen as parts of the attempt to legitimate the translation of fictional narrative in German poetry and poetics. Opitz and von dem Werder independently describe problems of contemporary literature in the 1620s using the example of the carmen heroicum. Both authors translate novels into German, too; but there are no poetological considerations in the prefaces of the novels that can be compared to those in the carmina heroica.Poetics following the model established by Opitz develop genre systems in which the carmen heroicum is given an important place, too; for example, in Balthasar Kindermann’s Der Deutsche Poet (1664), Sigmund von Birken’s Teutsche Rede- bind- und Dicht-Kunst (1679), and Daniel Georg Morhof’s Unterricht von der Teutschen Sprache und Poesie (1682). Of particular interest for the history of fictionality is Albrecht Christian Rotth’s Vollständige Deutsche Poesie (1688). When elaborating on the carmen heroicum, Rotth gives the word ›fiction‹ a positive terminological value and he treats questions of fictionality extensively. Rotth combines two contradictory statements, namely that a carmen heroicum is a poem and therefore invented and that a carmen heroicum contains important truths and is therefore true. He further develops the idea of the ›truthful core‹ around which poetic inventions are laid. With an extended exegesis of Homer’s Odyssey, he then illustrates what it means precisely to separate the ›core‹ and the poetic embellishments in a poem. All these efforts can be seen as parts of the attempt to legitimize a poem that tells the truth in a fictional mode.The paper argues that a history of fictionality must be a history that carefully reconstructs the various and specifically changing constellations of problems concerning how the phenomenon of fictionality may be interpreted in certain historical contexts. Relevant problems to which reflections on fictionality in seventeenth-century poetics of the epic poem and in paratexts to epic poems react are, on the one hand, the question of how the genre traditionally occupying the highest rank in genre taxonomy, the epic, can be adequately transformed in the German language, and, on the other hand, the question of how a poetic text can contain truths even if it is invented.
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Hegmon, Michelle. „Cognition and Material Culture: The Archaeology of Symbolic Storage. Colin Renfrew and Chris Scarre, editors. 1998. McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, England (U.S. Distributor: The David Brown Book Company, Oakville, CT). xii+187 pp., 55 figures, 8 tables, references cited. $72.00 (cloth), ISBN 0-951- 9420-6-9.“ American Antiquity 65, Nr. 4 (Oktober 2000): 767–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2694432.
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