Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Bolton, Ken, 1949-“

In the 16th century Philippines, the marriage of the Church and the State was the dominant set-up by virtue of Spain’s quest for colonization and evangelization. Civil administrators and church missionaries were called to cooperate the will of the king. Inmost cases, their point of contact was also the area of friction because of their opposing intentions. The early Spanish missionaries in the 16th century Philippines were influenced by the teachings of Bartolome de Las Casas and Vitoria that ignited them to confront their civil counterparts who were after getting the wealth and resources of the natives at the expense of their dignity and rights. Since the King showed interest in protecting the rights of the Indians, Churchmen used legal procedures, reports and personaltestimonies in the Royal Court to create changes in the systems employed in the islands. The relationship between the Spaniards and the natives cannot be reduced to a monolithic relationship between the two races. The power dynamics should be viewed within the plethora of groups who were engaged in the discourse including the bishop of Manila, governor-general, encomenderos, adelantados, soldiers, religious orders, native leaders and even the common indios. Given the canvas of conflicting motives, the proponents of conquests and missionary undertakings grappled to persuade the Spanish Royal Court to take their respective stand on the disputed human rights and justice issues on the legitimacy of the conquest, tributes, slavery and forced labor. References Primary Documentary Sources Anales Ecclesiasticos de Philipinas: 1574-1682. Volume 1. Manila: Archdioceseof Manila Archives, 1994. Arancel. Quezon City: Archivo de la Provincia del Santo Rosario (APSR), MSTomo 3, Doc.3. Blair, Emma Helen and Robertson Alexander, eds. at annots. The Philippine Islands,1493-1898: Explorations by Early Navigators, Descriptions ofthe Islands and Their Peoples, their History and Records of the CatholicMissions, as related in Contemporaneous Books and ManuscriptsShowing the Political, Economic, Commercial and Religious Conditionsof Those Islands from Their Earliest Conditions with European Nationsto the Close of the Nineteenth Century. 55 Volumes. Cleveland: ArthurH Clark, 1903-1909. Hereinafter referred to as B and R. The followingprimary documents were used in this dissertation: Colin-Pastells. LaborEvangelica I. Historical Conservation Society. The Christianizationof the Philippines. Manila: Historical Conservation Society, 1965. Keen, Benjamin, Editor. Latin American Civilization: History and Society, 1492to the Present. London: Westview Press, 1986. Las Casas, Bartolome. Historia de las Indias. Mexico, 1951. __________________. The Spanish Colonie. University Microfilms Inc., 1996.Licuanan, Virginia Benitez and Mira Jose Llavador, eds and annots. PhilippinesUnder Spain. 6 Volumes. Manila: National Trust for Historical and Cultural Preservation of the Philippines, 1996. Munoz Text of Alcina’s History of the Bisayan Islands (1668). Translated byPaul S. Lietz. Chicago: Philippine Studies Program, 1960. National Historical Commission, Coleccion de Documentos Ineditos de Ultramar,Madrid, 1887. Navarette, Martin Fernandez D. Colleccion de los Viajes y descubrimientos queHicieron por mar los espanoles desde fines del siglo XV. Madrid: 1825-1837. Pastells, Pablo. Historia General de Filipinas in Catalogo de los DocumentosRelativos a las Islas Filipinas. Barcelona, 1925. Recopilacion de Leyes de los Reynos de las Indias. Tomo I. Madrid, 1943.San Agustin, Gaspar de. Conquistas de las Islas Filipinas: 1565-1615. Translatedby Luis Antonio Maneru. Bilingual Edition. Manila: San Agustin Museum, 1998. Zaide, Gregorio, eds. at annots. Documentary Sources of Philippine History. 14Volumes. Manila: National Bookstore, 1990. Secondary Sources Books Chan, Manuel T. The Audiencia and the Legal System in the Philippines (1583-1900). Manila: Progressive Printing Palace, Inc., 1998. Cunningham, Charles Henry. The Audiencia in the Spanish Colonies: AsIllustrated by the Audiencia of Manila 1583-1800. Berkeley: Universityof California Press, 1919. Cushner, Nicolas P. The Isles of the West: Early Spanish Voyages to thePhilippines, 1521-1564. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila Press, 1966. _________________. Spain in the Philippines: From Conquest to the Revolution. Aberdeen:Cathay Press Ltd., 1971. De la Costa, Horacio. Jesuits in the Philippines. Cambridge: Harvard UniversityPress, 1961. De la Rosa, Rolando V. Beginnings of the Filipino Dominicans. Manila: USTPress, 1990. Fernandez, Pablo. History of the Church in the Philippines. Manila: NationalBookstore, 1979. Gutierrez, Lucio, O.P. Domingo Salazar, OP First Bishop of the Philippines: 1512-1594. Manila: University of Santo Tomas Press, 2001. Haring, C.H. The Spanish Empire in America. New York: Harcourt, Brace andWorld Inc., 1963. Keen, Banjamin. A History of Latin America, 5th Edition. Vol.1. Boston: HoughtonMifflin Company, 1996. Keller, Albert Galloway. Colonization. Boston: 1908. Luengo, Josemaria. A History of Manila-Acapulco Slave Trade (1565-1815). Bohol:Mater Dei Publications, 1996. Munoz, Honorio. Vitoria and the Conquest of America: A Study on the FirstReading on the Indians. Manila: UST Press, 1938. _____________. Vitoria and War: A Study on the Second Reading on the Indians oron the Right of War. Manila: UST Press, 1937. Noone, Martin. The Islands Saw It.1521-1581. Ireland: Helicon Press, 1982. Pitrie, Sir Charles. Philip II of Spain. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1963. Porras, Jose Luis. The Synod of Manila of 1582. Translated by Barranco, Carballo,Echevarra, Felix, Powell and Syquia. Manila: Historical Conservation Society, 1990. Rafael. Vicente. Contracting Colonialism. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila Press, 1998. Santiago, Luciano P.R. To Love and To Suffer: The Development of theReligious Congregations for Women in the Spanish Philippines, 1565-1898. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila Press, 2005. Scott, J.B. Francisco de Vitoria and His Law of Nations. Oxford, 1934.Scott, William Henry. Slavery in the Spanish Philippines. Manila: De la Salle UniversityPress, 1991. Shumway, David. Michel Foucault. Virginia: G. K. Hall and Co., 1989. Simpson, Lesley Byrd. The Encomienda in New Spain: The Beginning ofSpanish Mexico. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1966. Sitoy, Valentino Jr. The Initial Encounter: a History of Christianity in the Philippines,Vol. 1. Quezon City: New Day Publishers, 1985. Zafra, Nicolas. Readings in Philippine History. Manila. University of the Philippines, 1947. Zaide, Gregorio F. The Pageant of Philippine History Vol. 1. Manila: 1979. Articles Arcilla, Jose S. S.J., The Spanish Conquest. Kasaysayan: The Story of theFilipino People Vol. 3. Hongkong: C & C Offset Printing Co., Ltd, 1998. Bernal, Rafael. “Introduction.” The Colonization and Conquest of the Philippinesby Spain: Some Contemporary Source Documents. Manila: FilipinianaBook Guild, 1965. Burkholder, Mark A. “Sepulveda, Juan Gines de.” Encyclopedia of Latin AmericanHistory and Culture Vol.5. Edited by Barbara A. Tenenbaum. NewYork: Macmillan Library Reference, 1996. Burkholder, Susanne Hiles. “Vitoria, Francisco de.” Encyclopedia of Latin AmericanHistory and Culture Vol.5 Edited by Barbara A. Tenenbaum.New York: Macmillan Library Reference, 1996. De Jesus, Edilberto. “Christianity and Conquest: The Basis of Spanish SovereigntyOver the Philippines.” The Beginnings of Christianity in the Philippines.Manila: Philippine Historical Institute, 1965. Donovan, William. “Las Casas, Bartolome.” Encyclopedia of Latin American Historyand Culture Vol.3. Edited by Barbara A. Tenenbaum. New York:Macmillan Library Reference, 1996. Gutierrez, Lucio. “Domingo de Salazar’s Struggle for Justice and Humanizationin the Conquest of the Philippines.” Philippiniana Sacra 14, 1975. ____________. “Domingo de Salazar, OP, First Bishop of the Philippines (1512-1594): Defender of the Rights of the Filipinos at the Spanish Contact”Philippiniana Sacra XX, 1979. ____________. “Domingo de Salazar’s Memorial of 1582 on the Status of the Philippines:A Manifesto for Freedom and Humanization.” Philippiniana SacraVol. 21, No. 63, 1986. ___________. “Opinion of Fr. Domingo de Salazar, O.P. First Bishop of the Philippinesand the Major Religious Superiors Regarding Slaves.” PhilippinianaSacra Vol. 22, No. 64, 1986. ___________. “The Synod of Manila: 1581-1586.” Philippiniana Sacra Vol. XXV, No.74, 1990. Keith, Robert G. “Encomienda,Hacienda and Corregimiento in Spanish America:A Structural Analysis.” Hispanic American Historical Review 51:pp.110-116. Kirkpatrick, F. A. “Repartimiento-Encomienda.” Hispanic American HistoricalReview XIX: pp.373-379. Pastrana, Apolinar. “The Franciscans and the Evangelization of the Philippines(1578-1900).” Boletin Eclesiastico de Filipinas, 29, Jan-Feb 1965:pp.83-85. Quirk, Robert E. “Some Notes on a Controversial Controversy: Juan Gines deSepulveda and Natural Servitude.” Hispanic American Historical ReviewVol.XXXIV No.3 August 1954: 358. Ramirez, Susan S. “Encomienda.” Encyclopedia of Latin American History andCulture, Vol.2 Edited by Barbara A. Tenenbaum. New York: MacmillanLibrary Reference, 1996. Schwaller, John F. “Patronato Real”. Encyclopedia in Latin American History andCulture, Vol.4. Edited by Barbara a. Tenenbaum. New York: MacmillanLibrary Reference, 1996. Scott. William Henry. “Why did Tupas betray Dagami?” Philippine Quarterly ofCulture and Society 14 (1986): p.24. Villaroel, Fidel. “The Church and the Philippine Referendum of 1599.” PhilippinianaSacra Vol.XXXV 2000: pp.89-128. Internet Source Hyperdictionary. http://www. hyperdictionary.com/dictionary/politics, accessedon 18 December 2004. Human Rights Watch World Report for Philippines, 2017 https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2017/country-chapters/philippines. General References Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture, Volume 1-5. Edited byBarbara A. Tenebaum. New York: Macmillan Library Reference, 1996. Kasaysayan: The Story of the Filipino People ,Vol. 3 The Spanish Conquest.Hongkong: Asia Publishing Company Limited, 1998. Unpublished Materials Cabezon, Antonio. An Introduction to Church and State Relations According toFrancisco Vitoria. Unpublished Thesis: University of Sto. Tomas, 1964. De la Costa, Horacio. Jurisdictional Conflicts in the Philippines During the XVIand the XVII Centuries. Harvard: Unpublished Dissertation, 1951.

"August 2003."
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 166-177)
2 v. (131, 177 leaves) ; 30 cm.
Consists principally of poems. The collection does not pursue any particular theme. It is organized chronologically. An exegetical essay written as a poem forms the second part of the thesis. The essay does not explain the poem's 'meanings' to any great extent but considers the poems' relation to each other and to poems written in the past.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of English, 2003

"August 2003." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 166-177) Pt. 1. At the flash & at the baci: contents, poems, notes to poems -- pt. 2. Exegetical essay: note on the text, essay: How I remember writing some of my poems - why, even Consists principally of poems. The collection does not pursue any particular theme. It is organized chronologically. An exegetical essay written as a poem forms the second part of the thesis. The essay does not explain the poem's 'meanings' to any great extent but considers the poems' relation to each other and to poems written in the past.

Giornali degli Scavi: A,VI,6 (May 1912–Mar. 1929): 452 (29 Nov. 1926); 458 (3 Dec. 1926). A, VI,7 (Apr. 1929–Dec 1935): 209 (28–29 July 1932); 210 (29, 31 July 1932); 215 (2–3 Aug. 1932); 216 (3 Aug. 1932); 218 (10 Aug. 1932); 218–19 (13 Aug. 1932). Elia 1934: 265–70. The façade of this house was excavated in November 1926, the entrance on 29 November (GdSc A,VI,6: 451–3). The house was completely excavated between 28 July and 13 August 1932 (GdSc A,VI,7: 209–18). Present location: unknown, not inventoried at time of excavation. Description: presumably cylindrical pivot lining to line the base of the wooden pivot pole of the main entrance door. See cat. no. 285. Present location: unknown, not inventoried at time of excavation. Discussion: possibly door handle for the main entrance. Present location: unknown, not inventoried at time of excavation. Discussion: probably from main entrance door and frame. Dimensions: l.: 45 mm. Description: small bronze slide key with a large suspension ring (diam.: c.20 mm) and L-shaped bit. Three remaining teeth. Present location: Pompeii Collection, CB (inv. no. 5093). Discussion: This probably originally had five teeth (see Stead 1986: 137 fig. 59, nos. 371–2), similar to Manning type 2 (1985: 93, fig. 25.7), and was used in a tumbler lock. Its small size suggests that it was from storage furniture. See discussion on locks and keys. Dimensions of case: 85 mm × 85 mm × 30 mm. Description: Fragmentary iron lock consisting of a lock case and the remains of iron fastening bars (max. preserved l. of fragment: 120 mm), iron key and bronze bolt. Lock case with iron attachment nails in the corners and in the middle of each side. Iron key (l.: 70 mm), with suspension ring (diam. c.23 mm) and L-shaped bit, preserved in the lock. Bronze bolt made from a solid strip of bronze (dimensions: 70 mm × 15 mm × 6 mm) with a key pattern of five triangular holes arranged in two rows. Small cylindrical bronze rod (l.: 16 mm), probably part of a tumbler, inserted into one of the triangular holes.

Giornali degli Scavi A,VI,7 (Apr. 1929–Dec. 1935): 174–5 (11–12 Apr. 1932) Elia 1934: 339–40. The recording of the excavation for this area is very summary, recording the height at which objects were found but with no mention of the condition of the volcanic deposit. Description: fragments from the neck of an amphora with an inscription in red on each side. Inscription: a. ‘ΛAX’; b. ‘F’. Present location: unknown, not inventoried at time of excavation. Reference: inscription: Della Corte 1933: 317, no. 334. Discussion: see discussion on amphora. Dimensions: diam.: 35 mm; h.: 6 mm. Description: Plano-convex bone disc with a central hole (diam.: 6 mm). Convex surface decorated with two groups of concentric incised lines. Flat surface with two faint incised lines. Present location: Pompeii Collection, CB (inv. no. 4903). Discussion: probably a spindle whorl (see cat. no. 1048). Dimensions: preserved l.: 210 mm. Description: Bone implement of tapering circular section (max. diam.: 10 mm), the larger end decorated with three concentric incised lines and terminating in a pear-shaped knob. Other end broken. Present location: Pompeii Collection, CB (inv. no. 4904). Discussion: Probably a spindle. See discussion on punteruolo. Dimensions: diam.: 110 mm. Discussion: pot with rounded body and lid. Present location: unknown, not inventoried at time of excavation. Discussion: the diameter similar to cat. no. 1901. Dimensions: l.: 121 mm; h.: 17 mm; max. w.: 13 mm. Description: large bronze lock bolt with a key pattern consisting of three rows of holes, the central row of three rhomboid holes, and the outer rows each of three circular holes. Present location: Pompeii Collection, CB (inv. no. 4901). Discussion: Probably from large tumbler lock (see cat. no. 149). See discussion on locks and keys. Dimensions: l.: c.150 mm (GdSc). Description: key with five teeth and a suspension ring. Present location: left in Casa del Menandro at time of excavation (inv. no. 4902). Discussion: Possibly similar to cat. no. 136. See discussion on locks and keys. Dimensions: l.: 130 mm and 90 mm (GdSc). Description: two nails of common type. Present location: unknown, not inventoried at time of excavation.

Earthquakes have played a major role in the evolution of the Mediterranean landscape. They are the most important geohazard in the region and huge sums are invested annually in seismic monitoring, hazard zoning, and earthquake prediction, and in the design of earthquake-resistant buildings and infrastructure. Large earthquakes of magnitude >7.0 have been recorded across the region and the archaeological record shows that earthquakes have posed a major hazard to human settlements for thousands of years (Ambraseys 1971; Shaw et al. 2008; Bottari et al. 2009; Figure 16.1 and Table 16.1). The study of Mediterranean seismicity started about 2,400 years ago when the first earthquake catalogue was compiled in ancient Greece (Papazachos and Papazachou 1997; Guidoboni et al. 1994). This key development predated, by several centuries, the construction of the first seismograph in China (Bullen and Bolt 1985). Since these early developments a great deal of research has been carried out to improve our understanding of earthquakes and associated hazards in the Mediterranean region and to provide protection from them. Earthquake resistant buildings—such as houses with timber bracing—were introduced in Asia Minor in the seventeenth century (Kirikov 1992; Simopoulos 1984; Stiros 1995) and the first strict anti-seismic construction regulations were implemented on the island of Levkas, Greece, in the nineteenth century under British Rule (Stiros 1995). The first ‘modern’, regional-scale earthquake maps and catalogues were compiled as early as the middle of the nineteenth century (Mallet 1858). Despite this progress, the death toll from Mediterranean earthquakes is still high and earthquakes in the region continue to surprise geoscientists. For example, the diffuse pattern of seismicity that is especially characteristic characteristic of the eastern Mediterranean (Figure 16.2) is not easily reconciled with existing plate tectonic models, and many faults that are believed to demarcate plate boundaries (such as the Jordan Rift) are currently quiescent (Figure 16.3). Similarly, the 1995 Grevena-Kozani earthquake was a surprise for scientists, for it hit the heart of what was believed to be an aseismic region in northern Greece (Stiros 1998a). Furthermore, key aspects of the geodynamic background of the Mediterranean region remain a matter of debate.

The current work covers the technological and marketing advantages brought by the application of augmented reality to the tourism cluster for the development of the territorial brand “done on the Don”. The task of the study consists of understanding the interdependence of meta-processes that will help to formalize the media effect of augmented reality. The article explores key concepts from the works of David Alteide and Robert Snow (1979; 1988), Marshall McLuhan (1964; 1967), Bolter and Grusin (1999), and Lefebvre (1984).

Analytical life prediction methods have been developed for high temperature turbine and valve bolts. For 1CrMoV steel bolt material, long time creep-rupture and stress relaxation tests were performed at 450°C, 500°C, and 550°C by the National Research Institute for Metals of Japan. Based on analysis of their data, the isothermal creep behavior can be described using a power law: ε=Kσn(t)m+1 where ε is the creep strain, t is the time, σ is the stress, K, n, and m are material constants. The time power is a primarily a function of temperature, but also depends slightly on stress. To obtain the value for the time power typical of low stress, the creep equation constants were found in two steps. The time power was found using the lower stress data and a heat-centered type regression approach with the stress levels taking the place of the heats in the analysis. The heat constants were then calculated at all stress levels and regression performed to obtain the stress dependence. For comparison with the measured uniaxial stress relaxation properties, the relaxed stress as a function of time was calculated using the power law creep equation and a strain hardening flow rule. The calculated stress versus time curves were in good agreement with the measured at initial strain levels of 0.10%, 0.15%, and 0.20% for all temperatures except 500°C. At 500°C, good agreement was found using the creep properties typical of a stronger (within heat variation) material.

Abstract A mold base is a set of fixturing components for mounting the mold onto an injection machine. Since the components have been highly standardized, mold base designers usually select components from a catalog and integrate them into complete mold bases. One of our goals is to support this way of a mold base design process. A system can help a designer by generating product data of a mold base from relative positions of components and by rearranging the whole specification of the mold base according to designer’s modification. The system should be so flexible that it can provide operations corresponding to many kinds of components. This is the other goal of our study. The paper proposes a scheme of a mold base CAD system which allows a user to design a mold base in a natural way and has flexibility to handle various kinds of components. A mold base consists of plates and other kinds of components, e.g., cavity/core inserts, bolts, pins, etc., which are all embedded into the plates with some assembly and machining information. Therefore, a feature of an embedded component such as a bolt screw should have a mate feature in the corresponding component such as a threaded hole in a plate. A pre-paired feature, a key concept proposed in this paper, consists of two features; an intrinsic feature of a component to be embedded and a mate feature to be machined in a corresponding component. A component defined with a set of pre-paired features may have its own shape as well as assembly and machining information. The system based on object-oriented scheme can generate and maintain the product data of a mold base with this kinds of components. We examined mold base components for categorizing their features and made some experiments with a prototype system.