Zeitschriftenartikel: „Biotic communities“

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Bennett, Bradley C., S. Kawano, J. H. Connell und T. Hidaka. „Evolution and Coadaptation in Biotic Communities.“ Brittonia 42, Nr. 1 (Januar 1990): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2807020.

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Permogorskiy, M. S. „Competitive intransitivity among species in biotic communities“. Biology Bulletin Reviews 5, Nr. 3 (Mai 2015): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s2079086415030068.

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Wang, Yonghui, Xiaxia Niu, Liqing Zhao, Cunzhu Liang, Bailing Miao, Qing Zhang, Jinghui Zhang, Bernhard Schmid und Wenhong Ma. „Biotic stability mechanisms in Inner Mongolian grassland“. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, Nr. 1928 (03.06.2020): 20200675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.0675.

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Biotic mechanisms associated with species diversity are expected to stabilize communities in theoretical and experimental studies but may be difficult to detect in natural communities exposed to large environmental variation. We investigated biotic stability mechanisms in a multi-site study across Inner Mongolian grassland characterized by large spatial variations in species richness and composition and temporal fluctuations in precipitation. We used a new additive-partitioning method to separate species synchrony and population dynamics within communities into different species-abundance groups. Community stability was independent of species richness but was regulated by species synchrony and population dynamics, especially of abundant species. Precipitation fluctuations synchronized population dynamics within communities, reducing their stability. Our results indicate generality of biotic stability mechanisms in natural ecosystems and suggest that for accurate predictions of community stability in changing environments uneven species composition should be considered by partitioning stabilizing mechanisms into different species-abundance groups.

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Warwick, R., M. J. S. Tevesz und P. L. McCall. „Biotic Interactions in Recent and Fossil Benthic Communities.“ Journal of Applied Ecology 22, Nr. 1 (April 1985): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2403353.

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Broughton, Jack M., Brian F. Codding, J. Tyler Faith, Kathryn A. Mohlenhoff, Ruth Gruhn, Joan Brenner-Coltrain und Isaac A. Hart. „El Niño frequency threshold controls coastal biotic communities“. Science 377, Nr. 6611 (09.09.2022): 1202–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abm1033.

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El Niño has profound influences on ecosystem dynamics. However, we know little about how it shapes vertebrate faunal community composition over centennial time scales, and this limits our ability to forecast change under projections of future El Niño events. On the basis of correlations between geological records of past El Niño frequency and the species composition of bird and fish remains from a Baja California bone deposit that spans the past 12,000 years, we documented marked faunal restructuring when major El Niño events occurred more than five times per century. This tipping point has implications for the past and future ecology of eastern Pacific coastal environments.

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Schmid, Rudolf, David E. Brown und Charles H. Lowe. „Biotic Communities: Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico“. Taxon 44, Nr. 4 (November 1995): 659. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1223522.

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Fraser, Danielle, und S. Kathleen Lyons. „Biotic interchange has structured Western Hemisphere mammal communities“. Global Ecology and Biogeography 26, Nr. 12 (16.11.2017): 1408–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geb.12667.

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Hagberg, Jacob, Niclas Jonzén, Per Lundberg und Jörgen Ripa. „Uncertain biotic and abiotic interactions in benthic communities“. Oikos 100, Nr. 2 (Februar 2003): 353–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0706.2003.12138.x.

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Semenchenko, Vitaliy P., Vladimir I. Razlutskij, Irina Yu Feniova und Denis N. Aibulatov. „Biotic relations affecting species structure in zooplankton communities“. Hydrobiologia 579, Nr. 1 (12.12.2006): 219–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-006-0411-x.

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Tóth, Anikó B., S. Kathleen Lyons, W. Andrew Barr, Anna K. Behrensmeyer, Jessica L. Blois, René Bobe, Matt Davis et al. „Reorganization of surviving mammal communities after the end-Pleistocene megafaunal extinction“. Science 365, Nr. 6459 (19.09.2019): 1305–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw1605.

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Large mammals are at high risk of extinction globally. To understand the consequences of their demise for community assembly, we tracked community structure through the end-Pleistocene megafaunal extinction in North America. We decomposed the effects of biotic and abiotic factors by analyzing co-occurrence within the mutual ranges of species pairs. Although shifting climate drove an increase in niche overlap, co-occurrence decreased, signaling shifts in biotic interactions. Furthermore, the effect of abiotic factors on co-occurrence remained constant over time while the effect of biotic factors decreased. Biotic factors apparently played a key role in continental-scale community assembly before the extinctions. Specifically, large mammals likely promoted co-occurrence in the Pleistocene, and their loss contributed to the modern assembly pattern in which co-occurrence frequently falls below random expectations.

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Žuna Pfeiffer, Tanja, Dubravka Špoljarić Maronić, Filip Stević, Anita Galir Balkić, Nikolina Bek, Ana Martinović, Tomislav Mandir, Rahela Nikolašević und Doris Janjić. „Plastisphere development in relation to the surrounding biotic communities“. Environmental Pollution 306 (August 2022): 119380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119380.

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ROONEY, THOMAS P., SHANNON M. WIEGMANN, DAVID A. ROGERS und D. M. WALLER. „Biotic Impoverishment and Homogenization in Unfragmented Forest Understory Communities“. Conservation Biology 18, Nr. 3 (Juni 2004): 787–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00515.x.

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Devictor, Vincent, Romain Julliard, Joanne Clavel, Frédéric Jiguet, Alexandre Lee und Denis Couvet. „Functional biotic homogenization of bird communities in disturbed landscapes“. Global Ecology and Biogeography 17, Nr. 2 (März 2008): 252–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-8238.2007.00364.x.

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Piehler, Michael F. „Pollution Impacts on Marine Biotic Communities. Michael J. Kennish“. Quarterly Review of Biology 75, Nr. 3 (September 2000): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/393559.

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Power, Mary E., R. Jean Stout, Colbert E. Cushing, Peter P. Harper, F. Richard Hauer, William J. Matthews, Peter B. Moyle und Bernhard Statzner. „Biotic and Abiotic Controls in River and Stream Communities“. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 7, Nr. 4 (Dezember 1988): 456–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1467301.

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Kratina, Pavel, und Monika Winder. „Biotic invasions can alter nutritional composition of zooplankton communities“. Oikos 124, Nr. 10 (06.02.2015): 1337–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/oik.02240.

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Ricks, Kevin D., und Roger T. Koide. „Biotic filtering of endophytic fungal communities in Bromus tectorum“. Oecologia 189, Nr. 4 (21.03.2019): 993–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-019-04388-y.

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Soares Ribeiro, Vanessa Soares Ribeiro, Lucas Navarro Paolucci, José Henrique Schoereder und Ricardo Ribeiro de Castro Solar. „Divergence of Ant Communities Over Time in a Fragmented Atlantic Rain Forest Landscape“. Sociobiology 69, Nr. 3 (07.09.2022): e8099. http://dx.doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v69i3.8099.

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Habitat fragmentation changes biological communities and its spatiotemporal dynamics – which may lead to either biotic homogenization or heterogenization along time and space. Both processes can occur by addition, replacement or loss of species within communities, altering compositional similarity across the landscape. We investigated which of these two processes (biotic homogenization or heterogenization) occurs, and its possible underlying mechanism, over 15 years in an Atlantic Forest landscape using ants as model organisms. We sampled ants in 17 forest fragments across three different years, compared their composition similarity, species richness, and species richness of groups classified according to their habitat preferences. We sampled a total of 132 ant species. Ant communities in fragments diverged over time, suggesting they experienced an idiosyncratic structuring process. This biotic heterogenization occurred through an additive process, as ant species richness increased over time, mainly due to an increase of generalist ant species, and a decrease of forest specialist ant species. These changes occurred despite the higher forest cover in the landscape along years. Since different species can perform different functions in ecosystems, this biotic heterogenization may have implications for ecosystem functioning. Investigating how disturbances structure biological communities over time, especially those performing important ecosystem functions, can shed light to our understanding of possible changes in ecosystem functions and consequently for forest regeneration.

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Pearman, John K., Georgia Thomson-Laing, Lucy Thompson, Sean Waters, Marcus J. Vandergoes, Jamie D. Howarth, Ian C. Duggan, Ian D. Hogg und Susanna A. Wood. „Human access and deterministic processes play a major role in structuring planktonic and sedimentary bacterial and eukaryotic communities in lakes“. PeerJ 10 (11.11.2022): e14378. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14378.

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Lakes provide habitat for a diverse array of species and offer a wide range of ecosystem services for humanity. However, they are highly vulnerable as they are not only impacted by adverse actions directly affecting them, but also those on the surrounding environment. Improving knowledge on the processes responsible for community assembly in different biotic components will aid in the protection and restoration of lakes. Studies to date suggested a combination of deterministic (where biotic/abiotic factors act on fitness differences amongst taxa) and stochastic (where dispersal plays a larger factor in community assembly) processes are responsible for structuring biotic communities, but there is no consensus on the relative roles these processes play, and data is lacking for lakes. In the present study, we sampled different biotic components in 34 lakes located on the South Island of New Zealand. To obtain a holistic view of assembly processes in lakes we used metabarcoding to investigate bacteria in the sediment and surface waters, and eukaryotes in the sediment and two different size fractions of the water column. Physicochemical parameters were collected in parallel. Results showed that deterministic processes dominated the assembly of lake communities although the relative importance of variable and homogeneous selection differed among the biotic components. Variable selection was more important in the sediment (SSbact and SSeuks) and for the bacterioplankton (Pbact) while the assembly of the eukaryotic plankton (SPeuks, LPeuks) was driven more by homogeneous selection. The ease of human access to the lakes had a significant effect on lake communities. In particular, clade III of SAR11 and Daphnia pulex were only present in lakes with public access. This study provides insights into the distribution patterns of different biotic components and highlights the value in understanding the drivers of different biological communities within lakes.

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Rozenberg, G. S. „ONCE AGAIN ABOUT THE BIOTIC COMMUNITY“. ÈKOBIOTEH 3, Nr. 3 (2020): 472–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31163/2618-964x-2020-3-3-472-477.

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Community ecology studies the patterns of changes in biodiversity, species structure, and the number of individual populations in a spatial and temporal aspect. The article discusses some modern theories of community ecology (neutral theory, patch dynamics, M. Vellend's ideas about four basic processes in communities similar to processes of population genetics [selection, drift, dispersal, selection], etc.).

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Hofmann, Richard, Melanie Tietje und Martin Aberhan. „Diversity partitioning in Phanerozoic benthic marine communities“. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, Nr. 1 (17.12.2018): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1814487116.

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Biotic interactions such as competition, predation, and niche construction are fundamental drivers of biodiversity at the local scale, yet their long-term effect during earth history remains controversial. To test their role and explore potential limits to biodiversity, we determine within-habitat (alpha), between-habitat (beta), and overall (gamma) diversity of benthic marine invertebrates for Phanerozoic geological formations. We show that an increase in gamma diversity is consistently generated by an increase in alpha diversity throughout the Phanerozoic. Beta diversity drives gamma diversity only at early stages of diversification but remains stationary once a certain gamma level is reached. This mode is prevalent during early- to mid-Paleozoic periods, whereas coupling of beta and gamma diversity becomes increasingly weak toward the recent. Generally, increases in overall biodiversity were accomplished by adding more species to local habitats, and apparently this process never reached saturation during the Phanerozoic. Our results provide general support for an ecological model in which diversification occurs in successive phases of progressing levels of biotic interactions.

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BRASHER, ANNE M. D. „Impacts of Human Disturbances on Biotic Communities in Hawaiian Streams“. BioScience 53, Nr. 11 (2003): 1052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2003)053[1052:iohdob]2.0.co;2.

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Muthukrishnan, Ranjan, und Daniel J. Larkin. „Invasive species and biotic homogenization in temperate aquatic plant communities“. Global Ecology and Biogeography 29, Nr. 4 (03.02.2020): 656–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geb.13053.

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Liu, Ping, Shaolin Xu, Jianhao Lin, Huiming Li, Qiuqi Lin und Bo-Ping Han. „Urbanization increases biotic homogenization of zooplankton communities in tropical reservoirs“. Ecological Indicators 110 (März 2020): 105899. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105899.

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Houle, Gilles, und Donald L. Phillips. „Seed Availability and Biotic Interactions in Granite Outcrop Plant Communities“. Ecology 70, Nr. 5 (Oktober 1989): 1307–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1938190.

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Kremer, Laura Pioli, und Rosana Moreira da Rocha. „The biotic resistance role of fish predation in fouling communities“. Biological Invasions 18, Nr. 11 (18.07.2016): 3223–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-016-1210-6.

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Helmens, Karin F., Christos Katrantsiotis, J. Sakari Salonen, Shyhrete Shala, Johanna A. A. Bos, Stefan Engels, Niina Kuosmanen et al. „Warm summers and rich biotic communities during N-Hemisphere deglaciation“. Global and Planetary Change 167 (August 2018): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2018.05.004.

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Zhang, Youzheng, Steven C. Pennings, Bo Li und Jihua Wu. „Biotic homogenization of wetland nematode communities by exoticSpartina alterniflorain China“. Ecology 100, Nr. 4 (12.03.2019): e02596. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2596.

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NINGSIH, SRI WAHYU, Achyani Achyani und Handoko Santoso. „FAKTOR BIOTIK DAN ABIOTIK YANG MENDUKUNG KERAGAMAN TUMBUHAN PAKU(Pteridophyta) DI KAWASAN HUTAN GISTING PERMAI KABUPATEN TANGGAMUS LAMPUNG“. BIOLOVA 2, Nr. 1 (26.02.2021): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.24127/biolova.v2i1.293.

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ABSTRACT: Tumbuh suburnya Pteridophyta di Kawasan Hutan Gisting Permai Kecamatan Gisting Kabupaten Tanggamus sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor biotik dan abiotik. Faktor biotik meliputi semua kehidupan makhluk hidup di bumi baik individu, populasi dan komunitas yang di dalamnya termasuk jumlah inang Pteridophyta yang banyak, sedangkan faktor abiotik meliputi seluruh faktor-faktor non hidup dari suatu kondisi lingkungan seperti cahaya matahari, suhu, air, dan tanah, ketinggian. Faktor-faktor abiotik ini tidak hanya menyediakan energi dan materi penting, tetapi juga mempunyai peranan dalam menentukan tumbuhan-tumbuhan dan hewan-hewan yang mampu berada disuatu tempat tertentu sesuai dengan habitatnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah berupa kajian kualitatif. Artikel ini dikaji dengan menyatukn referensi dari berbagai sumber diantaranya berasal dari jurnal, buku, arsip dokumen pekon Gisting Permai, dan internet. Pengumpulan data diperoleh dengan menggunakan berbagai referensi yang dikumpulkan sebanyak mungkin yang berkaitan dengn faktor biotik dan abiotik pertumbuhan tumbuhan paku. Kata kunci: Biotik, Abiotik, Pteridophyta. ABSTRACT: The growth of Pteridophyta in the Permai Gisting Forest Area, Gisting Sub-District Tanggamus Regency was strongly influenced by biotic and abiotic factors. Biotic factors include all the life of living things on earth both individuals, populations and communities which include a large number of Pteridophyta hosts, while abiotic factors include all non-living factors of an environmental condition such as sunlight, temperature, water, and soil, height. These abiotic factors not only provide important energy and material, but also had a role in determining plants and animals that which are able to be in a certain place according to their habitat. The method used in this study is a qualitative study. This article was reviewed by citing references from various sources including journals, books, Gisting Permai archive documents, and the internet. The data collection was obtained by using as many references as possible related to biotic and abiotic factors for fern growth. Key word: biotic, abiotic, Pteridophyta.

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Morel, Jean Daniel, Rubens Manoel dos Santos, Marco Aurélio Leite Fontes, Paulo Oswaldo Garcia und Fernanda Maria de Souza. „FLORISTIC COMPARISON BETWEEN TWO TREE COMMUNITIES ASSOCIATED WITH HABITAT DESCRIPTOR VARIABLES“. CERNE 21, Nr. 4 (Dezember 2015): 601–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/01047760201521041934.

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ABSTRACT The knowledge about the influence of habitat variables is essential to understand the underlying ecological patterns in vegetation. This study compared the floristic composition of two forest communities located in different altitudes. Associated with this comparison, we used a methodology where habitat descriptor variables were scaled and interpreted by the biotic set sampled. We constructed one matrix with scores given to physical, biotic, vegetation, and anthropogenic variables in the field and one matrix with the species sampled and performed multivariate analyses. We found that the floristic communities differ between the different altitudes and that the methodology used showed significant variables for the ecological characterization of the sampled habitat.

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Iannone III, Basil V., Kevin M. Potter, Qinfeng Guo, Insu Jo, Christopher M. Oswalt und Songlin Fei. „Environmental harshness drives spatial heterogeneity in biotic resistance“. NeoBiota 40 (04.12.2018): 87–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.40.28558.

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Ecological communities often exhibit greater resistance to biological invasions when these communities consist of species that are not closely related. The effective size of this resistance, however, varies geographically. Here we investigate the drivers of this heterogeneity in the context of known contributions of native trees to the resistance of forests in the eastern United States of America to plant invasions. Using 42,626 spatially referenced forest community observations, we quantified spatial heterogeneity in relationships between evolutionary relatedness amongst native trees and both invasive plant species richness and cover. We then modelled the variability amongst the 91 ecological sections of our study area in the slopes of these relationships in response to three factors known to affect invasion and evolutionary relationships –environmental harshness (as estimated via tree height), relative tree density and environmental variability. Invasive species richness and cover declined in plots having less evolutionarily related native trees. The degree to which they did, however, varied considerably amongst ecological sections. This variability was explained by an ecological section’s mean maximum tree height and, to a lesser degree, SD in maximum tree height (R2GLMM = 0.47 to 0.63). In general, less evolutionarily related native tree communities better resisted overall plant invasions in less harsh forests and in forests where the degree of harshness was more homogenous. These findings can guide future investigations aimed at identifying the mechanisms by which evolutionary relatedness of native species affects exotic species invasions and the environmental conditions under which these effects are most pronounced.

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Lawrey, James D. „Biotic Interactions in Lichen Community Development: A Review“. Lichenologist 23, Nr. 3 (Juli 1991): 205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282991000373.

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AbstractThe extent to which biotic factors (competition, predation/disease, longevity) regulate lichen community development can be addressed by considering a number of general trends expected in higher plant successions and searching for supporting evidence from lichen studies. Four of the most frequently observed (or predicted) trends during succession are that: (1) superior competitors replace poor competitors; (2) ecologically specialized species replace generalists; (3) chemically well-defended species replace poorly-defended species; (4) long-lived species replace ephemeral species. Available evidence suggests that, for many lichen communities, competitive exclusion rarely occurs once thalli are established. This is especially true for communities that develop on the most stable habitats. An absence of competitive exclusion suggests that lichen successions are driven more by additions of colonists than by species replacements, and replacement trends observed in higher plant successions are therefore observed less frequently inlichen successions.

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Beard, Jason M., Natalie A. Moltschaniwskyj, Christine M. Crawford, John A. E. Gibson und D. Jeff Ross. „Using macrofaunal communities to inform estuarine classification“. Marine and Freshwater Research 70, Nr. 3 (2019): 371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf17372.

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Worldwide, geomorphological classifications of estuaries are often used to guide the design of monitoring programs and management strategies. However, if classifications do not reflect biotic patterns, the effectiveness of monitoring and management is potentially reduced. In this study, we consider the effectiveness of one classification scheme in describing biotic patterns by examining and comparing spatial variation of macrofaunal assemblages and their relationship with the environment in 12 estuaries of 2 geomorphological types (mesotidal river dominated and permanently open barrier estuaries). Estuaries were sampled at three locations (upper, mid and lower) for macroinvertebrates and environmental characteristics. Differences in macrofaunal assemblages occurred between the estuary types at the lower and mid locations, but not the upper. Similarities in the upper locations were related to sediment, whereas at the mid and lower locations differences were linked to salinity, dissolved oxygen concentrations and seagrass area. Within estuaries, location effects were definitive and unique within each estuary type, correlating to changes in sediment particle size, nitrogen concentration, microphytobenthos and percentage organic carbon. These results suggest that estuarine classification based on physical attributes alone does have the potential to capture important biological attributes if the biological scales of variability within these systems are well understood.

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Avanesyan, Alina. „Should I Eat or Should I Go? Acridid Grasshoppers and Their Novel Host Plants: Potential for Biotic Resistance“. Plants 7, Nr. 4 (07.10.2018): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants7040083.

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Novel, non-coevolved associations between introduced plants and native insect herbivores may lead to changes in trophic interactions in native communities, as well as to substantial economic problems. Although some studies in invasion ecology demonstrated that native herbivores can preferentially feed on introduced plants and therefore contribute to the biotic resistance of native communities to plant invasions, the role of acridid grasshoppers as native generalist insect herbivores is largely overlooked. This systematic review aimed to identify patterns of grasshopper feeding preferences for native versus introduced plants and, consequently, a potential of grasshoppers to provide biotic resistance of native communities. The analysis of 63 records of feeding preference trials for 28 North-American grasshopper species (retrieved from 2146 studies published during 1967–2017) has demonstrated a preference of grasshoppers for introduced host plants, and identified 12 preferred introduced plants with high or middle invasive ranks. A significant effect of the life stage (p < 0.001), but not the experimental environment, plant material, and measurements, on grasshopper preferences for introduced plants was also detected. Overall, results suggest a potential of acridid grasshoppers to contribute to the biotic resistance of native communities. The review also provides methodological recommendations for future experimental studies on grasshopper-host plant interactions.

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Keehn, Jade E., und Chris R. Feldman. „Disturbance affects biotic community composition at desert wind farms“. Wildlife Research 45, Nr. 5 (2018): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr17059.

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Context The global benefits of increased renewable energy production may come at a cost to local biotic communities and even regional ecosystems. Wind energy developments, in particular, are known to cause bird and bat mortalities, and to fragment habitat for terrestrial vertebrates within developed project areas. Effects on species sensitive to wind turbines (and increased prevalence of species tolerant to this disturbance) might alter community-level patterns of occurrence, with potentially detrimental changes to wildlife habitat and ecosystem health. Aims The present study assessed whether wind energy developments produced downstream ecological costs. Specifically, community composition and diversity were compared between wind farms and nearby areas without energy development. Methods Traditional diversity measures and non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) were used to map ecological dissimilarity across four wind farms and five reference (control) areas in Southern California, USA. Key results Wind farms had more noise and road disturbance than sites without turbine installations. Noise and disturbance were correlated with reduced plant richness, particularly for endemic plant species and, conversely, with increased non-native plant richness. Animal communities at wind farms were less diverse, with fewer species and lower evenness relative to reference areas with minor or no disturbances. Wind farms had fewer rare and unique species and, for some species of avian predators, encounter rates were lower at wind farms. Conclusions Renewable wind energy may indeed cause shifts in local communities. Although wind farms still supported many of the same species found in natural areas, suggesting that renewable wind energy facilities can provide useable habitat for some wildlife, these communities were also less rich and diverse. Implications Non-native species were more prevalent at wind farms, which may then facilitate further invasions into surrounding habitats. In addition, reduced overall plant and predator diversity at wind farms, and lower encounter rates for specific taxa (particular birds), may significantly affect community structure and function.

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Stepniewska, S., und M. Mańka. „Biotic relations between Rhizoctonia solani (damping-off pathogen) and soil fungal communities from forest nursery“. Plant Protection Science 38, SI 1 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002 (01.01.2002): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/10456-pps.

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In forest nursery Wronczyn (central-west Poland) the occurrence of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings damping-off<br />caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn is connected with a strong supporting effect of soil fungi community on R. solani.<br />Both the soil fungi community isolated in June and in October 1999 supported the pathogen growth to considerable extent.<br />In both months the support was bigger in the case of more severe isolate of the pathogen.

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Espinosa-Reyes, Guillermo, Donaji J. González-Mille, César A. Ilizaliturri-Hernández, Jesús Mejía-Saavedra, V. Gabriela Cilia-López, Rogelio Costilla-Salazar und Fernando Díaz-Barriga. „Effect of Mining Activities in Biotic Communities of Villa de la Paz, San Luis Potosi, Mexico“. BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/165046.

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Mining is one of the most important industrial activities worldwide. During its different stages numerous impacts are generated to the environment. The activities in the region have generated a great amount of mining residues, which have caused severe pollution and health effects in both human population and biotic components. The aim of this paper was to assess the impact of mining activities on biotic communities within the district of Villa de la Paz. The results showed that the concentrations of As and Pb in soil were higher than the national regulations for urban or agricultural areas. The bioavailability of these metals was certified by the presence of them in the roots of species of plants and in kidneys and livers of wild rodents. In regard to the community analysis, the sites that were located close to the mining district of Villa de la Paz registered a lower biological diversity, in both plants and wild rodents, aside from showing a change in the species composition of plant communities. The results of this study are evidence of the impact of mining on biotic communities, and the need to take into account the wildlife in the assessment of contaminated sites.

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Leonov, V. D. „Stochastic and Deterministic Processes in the Establishment of Taxonomic, Functional and Phylogenetic Diversity of Ecological Communities: A Review of Modern Concepts“. Экология, Nr. 4 (01.07.2023): 245–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0367059723040054.

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The assessment of biological diversity and the processes that govern it is important for ecological research and nature conservation. This review describes the main general theories and presents the modern concept of mechanisms for the assembly of ecological communities. Deterministic (abiotic filter and biotic interactions) and stochastic (ecological drift, dispersal and speciation) processes influencing taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic facets of diversity are discussed. Impact of certain processes (influence of individual environmental factors, biotic interactions, dispersal limitation) on the - and - levels of each facet of biodiversity are shown. In turn, estimation of them makes it possible to assess the contribution of certain processes on the biodiversity of the studied local communities.

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Chen, Yun, und Ilana Kolodkin-Gal. „Host–Biofilm Interactions“. Microorganisms 10, Nr. 8 (13.08.2022): 1641. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10081641.

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L., K. „Some Other Books of Interest: Evolution and Coadaptation in Biotic Communities.“ Science 241, Nr. 4865 (29.07.1988): 605–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.241.4865.605-b.

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Zhao, Xin-Feng, Yi-Qi Hao, Da-Yong Zhang und Quan-Guo Zhang. „Local biotic interactions drive species-specific divergence in soil bacterial communities“. ISME Journal 13, Nr. 11 (29.07.2019): 2846–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0477-x.

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Jones, Devin K., Brian M. Mattes, William D. Hintz, Matthew S. Schuler, Aaron B. Stoler, Lovisa A. Lind, Reilly O. Cooper und Rick A. Relyea. „Investigation of road salts and biotic stressors on freshwater wetland communities“. Environmental Pollution 221 (Februar 2017): 159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.11.060.

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Smith, Alexander J., Robert W. Bode und Gary S. Kleppel. „A nutrient biotic index (NBI) for use with benthic macroinvertebrate communities“. Ecological Indicators 7, Nr. 2 (April 2007): 371–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2006.03.001.

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Clarke, J. E., und R. H. V. Bell. „Representation of biotic communities in protected areas: A Malawian case study“. Biological Conservation 35, Nr. 4 (1986): 293–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-3207(86)90091-1.

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Fayle, Tom M., und Andrea Manica. „Reducing over-reporting of deterministic co-occurrence patterns in biotic communities“. Ecological Modelling 221, Nr. 19 (September 2010): 2237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2010.06.013.

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O'Brien, W. John, Michael Barfield, Neil D. Bettez, Gretchen M. Gettel, Anne E. Hershey, Michael E. McDonald, Michael C. Miller et al. „Physical, chemical, and biotic effects on arctic zooplankton communities and diversity“. Limnology and Oceanography 49, Nr. 4part2 (31.01.2004): 1250–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.2004.49.4_part_2.1250.

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Dziallas, Claudia, und Hans-Peter Grossart. „Temperature and biotic factors influence bacterial communities associated with the cyanobacteriumMicrocystissp.“ Environmental Microbiology 13, Nr. 6 (14.04.2011): 1632–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02479.x.

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Turner, Kelsey L., Erin F. Abernethy, L. Mike Conner, Olin E. Rhodes und James C. Beasley. „Abiotic and biotic factors modulate carrion fate and vertebrate scavenging communities“. Ecology 98, Nr. 9 (September 2017): 2413–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecy.1930.

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Santiago-Vera, Josue, und Alonso Ramírez. „MEIOFAUNA IN TROPICAL MONTANE STREAMS: BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC FACTORS REGULATING COMMUNITIES“. Acta Biológica Colombiana 28, Nr. 2 (08.05.2023): 229–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/abc.v28n2.103379.

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Meiofauna is a group of heterotrophic organisms smaller than macroinvertebrates but larger than microfauna and characterized by groups such as testate amoebae, ciliates, and nematodes. They are a link between bacteria and resources and macroinvertebrates. However, tropical meiofauna is poorly studied; thus, our goal was to characterize meiofaunal community composition and abundance and assess potential environmental variables controlling these community dynamics. Monthly samplings of meiofauna were conducted for eight months in Quebrada Prieta, El Yunque National Forest, Puerto Rico. Sampling was made in 12 pools, and data on discharge, sediment characteristics, and biotic variables were also collected. A total of 62 meiofaunal morphospecies were identified, with nematodes dominating the community, followed by testate amoebae. Bacterivores and detritivores taxa dominated the community. Meiofaunal abundance was negatively related to discharge and positively to the percentage of coarse sand, nitrate, and macroinvertebrate abundance. The composition of meiofauna in Quebrada Prieta is like the composition reported for temperate streams, at least in major meiofaunal groups present. However, the community in Quebrada Prieta was dominated by testate amoebae. In contrast, temperate streams are often dominated by rotifers and nematodes. Both abiotic and biotic variables are important for meiofaunal communities in the headwater streams in Puerto Rico.

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Herren, Cristina M. „Disruption of cross-feeding interactions by invading taxa can cause invasional meltdown in microbial communities“. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, Nr. 1927 (13.05.2020): 20192945. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.2945.

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The strength of biotic interactions within an ecological community affects the susceptibility of the community to invasion by introduced taxa. In microbial communities, cross-feeding is a widespread type of biotic interaction that has the potential to affect community assembly and stability. Yet, there is little understanding of how the presence of cross-feeding within a community affects invasion risk. Here, I develop a metabolite-explicit model where native microbial taxa interact through both cross-feeding and competition for metabolites. I use this model to study how the strength of biotic interactions, especially cross-feeding, influence whether an introduced taxon can join the community. I found that stronger cross-feeding and competition led to much lower invasion risk, as both types of biotic interactions lead to greater metabolite scarcity for the invader. I also evaluated the impact of a successful invader on community composition and structure. The effect of invaders on the native community was greatest at intermediate levels of cross-feeding; at this ‘critical’ level of cross-feeding, successful invaders generally cause decreased diversity, decreased productivity, greater metabolite availability, and decreased quantities of metabolites exchanged among taxa. Furthermore, these changes resulting from a successful primary invader made communities further susceptible to future invaders. The increase in invasion risk was greatest when the network of metabolite exchange between taxa was minimally redundant. Thus, this model demonstrates a case of invasional meltdown that is mediated by initial invaders disrupting the metabolite exchange networks of the native community.

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