Dissertationen zum Thema „Biotechnologie végétale“
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Charlemagne, Dominique. „Synthèse enzymatique de surfactants non ioniques à base d'huile végétale“. Compiègne, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994COMPD713.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChenal, Thomas. „Esters et dérivés préparés par carbonylation d'alcènes d'origine végétale afin d'accéder à une activité biologique“. Toulouse, INPT, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPT018G.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChateau, Sophie. „Les marqueurs de la compétence cellulaire à la transformation génétique via agrobacterium tumefaciens, chez les plantes modèles petunia hybrida L. Et arabidopsis thaliana L“. Amiens, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AMIE0105.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleJaziri, Mondher. „La biotechnologie végétale: une voie alternative pour l'obtention de métabolites secondaires d'origine végétale. Cas des quassinoïdes en culture in vitro de cellules de Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle (Simaroubaceae)“. Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213218.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBourgaud, Frédéric. „Etude de la biologie de plantes du genre Psoralea (légumineuses), productrices de furocoumarines à intêrét pharmaceutique : essais de cultures in-vitro“. Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1990. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1990_BOURGAUD_F.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleN'diaye, Senghane. „Fractionnement de la matière végétale : mise au point d'un procédé thermo-mécano-chimique et modélisation du fonctionnement du réacteur bi-vis“. Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT040G.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFontaine, Florent. „Functional study of Lipid Droplet (LD) addressing domains to improve the purification of recombinant proteins“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025UPASB004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe production of hydrophobic recombinant proteins, such as transmembrane proteins, is complex due to their association with lipid environments, making their purification costly and difficult, accounting for up to 80% of production costs. This thesis proposes an innovative approach exploiting the properties of plant lipid droplets (GLs) to facilitate the folding and flotation purification of hydrophobic proteins, via anchoring by AtOLE1 oleosin, a major protein in seed GLs. While this method has been validated for soluble proteins, it remains unexplored for transmembrane proteins.GLs are dynamic structures composed of a core of triacylglycerols (TAGs) surrounded by a monolayer of phospholipids, with which proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) or cytosol are associated. Some of these proteins, involved in GL biogenesis, attach early to their surface. Addressing of proteins to GLs does not depend on a conserved domain, but rather on specific structural motifs. However, as these motifs are also present on proteins not associated with GLs, the study of their specificity remains complex.This thesis explored protein-GL interactions, identifying the factors influencing their specificity and affinity for the GL surface, with the aim of developing biotechnological applications. Proof of concept was achieved using SARS-CoV-2 transmembrane proteins E and M fused to AtOLE1. In Nicotiana benthamiana, which transiently overproduces GLs, microscopic observation showed that E and M proteins specifically target GLs through AtOLE1. A colocalization pipeline was developed to quantify this specificity.The E and M proteins were then expressed in Camelina sativa seeds. Analysis of purified GLs confirmed their surface presence, enhanced by fusion to AtOLE1. This work has shown that GL addressing efficiency varies according to the plant frame used, revealing mechanisms that are still poorly understood.To investigate these mechanisms further, the interaction specificity of various proteins and domains was assessed by microscopy in N. benthamiana. The results were then compared with the structural properties of the proteins, such as charge and hydrophobicity. No direct correlation was observed, suggesting that protein specificity for GLs is more influenced by their function in GL biogenesis or their arrival kinetics. Proteins that localize early to the GL surface show increased specificity.Assessing the affinity of proteins for GLs, defined by their ability to remain associated despite increasingly stringent washings, required the production of a new N. benthamiana chassis stably overaccumulating GLs, with a 22- to 23-fold increase in the number of GLs compared with the wild type. Isolated GLs were subjected to rigorous washing conditions, and associated proteins were detected by biochemical techniques. The results showed that some proteins, in the form of oligomers, remained attached, regardless of the stringency of the treatments.These observations were validated in C. sativa seeds, notably with the production of HsFGF2, a commercial growth factor. The results highlight the key role of arrival kinetics and protein function in GL biogenesis in determining their specificity and affinity. This understanding of the mechanisms of interaction between proteins and GLs opens the way to optimizations for biotechnological applications, notably in the production and purification of hydrophobic proteins
Trémouillaux-Guiller, Jocelyne. „Etude comparative des méthodologies de sélection de cultures cellulaires végétales à haute capacité d'accumulation : application à des souches et lignées clonales biosynthétisant des alcaloides dihydrofuoquinoleiques“. Tours, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOUR3804.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDos, Santos Cagarelho Nicolas. „Les droits français et européen à l'épreuve de l'innovation scientifique en matière agricole végétale“. Thesis, Paris 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA020062.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFrench agriculture, which perpetuated an after-war objective of established efficiency criteria, was guided by the search for a greater productivity. This direction, promoted by both the Common Agricultural Policy and the globalisation of the markets, was mostly driven by States with strong agricultural potentials, especially France playing a leading role. This evolution was guided by scientific and technology innovations, carried by three initial promoters: the public authorities, the agricultural sector and industrial groups. Scientific innovations, in an effort to protect the plants and improve the quality of vegetables, triggered a growing involvement of public authorities which faced alerts from environmental activists and increasing public opinion on the matter. The expansion of a national legislation has been followed up over the last twenty years by a growing European regulation. The latter aims at establishing a compromise between health and food safety as well as protecting the environment and industrial progress. It also questions the coherence of the existing legal framework for agricultural crops applied to the French territory, the current legislation on scientific innovations for plant agriculture and it's possible limits. This thesis deals with 'The French and European Law Facing Scientific Innovation for Plant Agriculture'
Gouyé-Guilbert, Nathalie. „Mise au point d'un procédé de recyclage de boues de fermentation appliquée à la production de la pristinamycine. Incidence du recyclage sur la biosynthèse de l'antibiotique“. Montpellier 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON20022.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLe, Roy Julien. „Rôles des UDP-Glycosyltransférases dans la régulation de la lignification par glycosylation des précurseurs“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10052/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMany processes related to the regulation of plant secondary cell wall lignification are now relatively well known. However, the role of glycosylation of monolignols and their precursors within this complex biosynthetic pathway still remains to be established. Primary flax (Linum usitatissimum) fibers are characterized by the presence of a thick secondary cell wall containing very low amounts of lignins in contrast to the neighboring cells of the xylem in the stem. This difference in composition is also accompanied by an accumulation of molecules related to lignins, predominantly present in glycosylated forms within the fibers. The general context of this work was therefore to check if any relation between the glycosylation of the precursors and the amounts of lignins themselves exists. We first characterized the entire biosynthetic pathway of monolignols in flax by reconstituting the multigenic families using the sequence of its genome and then, among other approaches, established their expression profiles. In a second step, the same procedure was performed to identify all of the UDP GlycosylTransferases (UGTs) forming the UGTome of flax. Among these, five enzymes orthologous to Arabidopsis UGTs, which were able to glycosylate these secondary metabolites, were characterized. Finally, to gain more knowledge on the possible link between monolignol glycosylation and lignification, a triple Arabidopsis mutant ugt72e1- 2-3 was obtained and showed that not only such link exists, but that UGTs play specific roles in plants
Metay, Philippe. „Le traitement juridique des biotechnologies végétales“. Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT3001.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis proposes to identify and define the legal protection devices relating to biotechnological innovations in the field of plant varieties. Molecular biology having opened the way for genetic combination, plant creation can partly be performed without the help of classical selection techniques. Having mastered genetic materials enables plants to improve, which may widen their use in the domain of food as well as in those of medicine or energy. In this respect, their development and success are dependent on the adoption of a suitable protection system for innovations. As a novelty in intellectual property, genetic engineering cannot be satisfied with plant patents. Demanded by manufacturers, the main investors in biotechnology, utility patents are gaining ground, despite some opposition as to their application in the field of biology. A first analysis leads to the patentability of genetically engineered material and of its components within the scope of plant patent rights which have to be upheld. The recognition of double innovation within the same plant variety through biomolecular operation and interbreeding involves a strict establishing of the materials and processes used for the appropriate protection system to be applied. Under these conditions can the interaction of both intellectual property-rights systems be considered. Although it is focused on the european context, this thesis also compares it with the american system. Moreover, ethical , economical and environmental dimensions are part of the reflexion, as they condition the efficiency of legal reasoning
Borel, Olivier. „Le végétal, entre propriété et responsabilité“. Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU10078.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe plant, essentially a natural product, evolved with the development of technologies and were to assign new functions under the objectives of scientific and economic requirements, going with the law. The peasant used to farm plants and selected them, maintaining a direct link and of a material nature with the seeds. This localised production erodes with the advent, at the 20th century of the immaterial properties and the mass consumption. The standardisation’ development contributes to trade at the national scale and international whereas in same time the soil is celebrated like a rural development and environmental protection tool. However, the considerations relating to the medical and environmental questions, in constant progression at last century, are sources of frank oppositions between public and private economic actors on the technological choices which should inspire the society. The plant, like food substance, but also like genetic material, will undernline the wills of States and individuals. Fears, risks, damages which results from the various uses of vegetable, allow by the same occasion to question, from a coherence perspective, the bases of the environmental law in the general qualification of environmental damages
Francheteau, Maria. „Commerce international des biotechnologies végétales et conservation de la diversité biologique“. Nantes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NANT4001.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFor many years, plant biotechnologies have been part and parcel of a thriving international trade framed by the WTO law. They provoke acute debates among States as far as intellectual property rights protecting them are concerned, as well as for the risks they could cause to the environment and health. Thus, the WTO TRIPS Agreement is particularly argued by developping countries. The patents licensed to protect plant biotechnological inventions, which enable their owners to carry out exclusive rights on these goods, make it hard to implement the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits stemming from the exploitation of the genetic resources which the Convention on Biological Diversity would like to offer to these countries. Moreover, the achievement of its objectives regarding biological diversity conservation and sustainable use is nonetheless jeopardized. Therefore, countries try to find solutions to these problems by protecting plant varieties through sui generis systems. However, the latter tend to be more and more similar to the patents system. Thus commercialised, plant biotechnologies could present sanitary and phytosanitary risks. If the WTO SPS Agreement gives some opportunities to prevent these risks, in keeping with the Biosecurity Protocol, these opportunities are nevertheless limited when the question is to anticipate them. This highlights a little more the utopia of an absolute conciliation between the liberalization of plant biotechnologies international trade and environmental as well as sanitary stakes
Beveraggi, André. „Etude des interactions hôte-parasite chez les bananiers sensibles et résistants inoculés par "Cercospora fijiensis" responsable de la maladie des raies noires“. Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20264.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFebvre, Catherine. „Les conditions de la protection communautaire des obtentions végétales“. Montpellier 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON10026.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGrondin, Éric. „Exploration du potentiel biotechnologique des levures endémiques et indigènes de la Réunion et de Madagascar à produire des molécules d'arômes“. Thesis, La Réunion, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LARE0016.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn recent years, there has been an increasing interest in identifying and characterizing the yeast ecosystems associated with diverse types of habitat because of the many potential desirable technological properties of these microorganisms, especially in food applications. In this study, a total of 101 yeast strains were isolated directly from the skins of tropical fruits collected in several locations in the South West Indian Ocean (in the regions of Anstirabe in Madagascar and Saint Paul in Reunion Island). Species identification was determined by sequence analysis of the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit (LSU) ribosomal RNA gene. The strains were classified into 26 different species and tested for their potential to produce aromatic flavouring compounds. Among the isolated strains, two species isolated from the skins of Cape gooseberry and Cocoa beans appeared to represent putative new yeast species. Strains EGPOC17 and EB23 showed LSU D1/D2 sequence homologies of only 97.1% and 97.4% with the yeasts Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Candida pararugosa, respectively. In total, 52 Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) were detected by Head Space Solid Phase Micro Extraction coupled to Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectroscopy (HS-SPME-GC/MS) analysis and these were classified into five main groups, namely, acids, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones and esters. In order to classify and discriminate the yeast biodiversity, statistical analysis was performed which allowed the yeasts to be categorized according to their flavour production. With a production of 32 compounds among 52 VOCs, Saprochaete suaveolens (Geotrichum fragrans) seemed to be the best producer of flavour compounds, especially esters and unsaturated compounds. Other yeast species including Candida quercitrusa, Debaryomyces nepalensis, Pichia kluyveri and Sporidiobolus pararoseus also appeared of potential interest based on their abilities to produce acid, alcohol and carbonyl compounds. Among the VOCs detected, 6 uncommon compounds namely ethyl but-2-enoate, ethyl 2-methylbut-2-enoate (ethyl tiglate), ethyl 3-methylbut-2-enoate, 2-methylpropyl 2-methylbut-2-enoate, butyl 2-methylbut-2-enoate and 3 methylbutyl 2-methylbut-2-enoate were identified as possible yeast species specific flavour markers
Chambon, Catherine. „Application de biotechnologies végétales au genre lavandula, en vue de l'amélioration génétique du lavandin“. Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPL083N.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDesclaux, Dominique. „De l'intérêt de génotypes révélateurs de facteurs limitants dans l'analyse des interactions génotype*milieu chez le soja (Glycine max. L. Merill)“. Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT009A.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleJacquin, Anne-Gaëlle. „Applications de biotechnologies végétales aux macroalgues marines : développement de la micropropagation in vitro chez une Chlorophycée d'intérêt économique“. Brest, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BRES2055.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBarreteau, Hélène. „Recherche de molécules à activité antimicrobienne dans des coproduits végétaux issus des industries agroalimentaires“. Amiens, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AMIE0417.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBlouzard, Jean-Charles. „Le système de dégradation des parois végétales de Clostridium cellulolyticum : diversité et adaptation au substrat“. Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX11035.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleClostridium cellulolyticum is an anaerobic bacterium able to degrade plant cell wall (cellulose, hemicelluloses, pectins) through the secretion of multienzymatic complexes, named cellulosomes, and free enzymes. These enzymes, cellulosomal or free, have various enzymatic activities to efficiently degrade the miscellaneous polymers of plant cell wall. At the beginning of my PhD, only 16 genes encoding cellulases were identified. Cellulases are implicated in the cellulose hydrolysis. My PhD aim consisted in highlighting the enzymatic diversity of this degradation system. 2D-electrophoresis revealed about sixty proteins, among them, thirty are cellulosomal. Using an innovative PCR method we identified seven genes belonging to the system. Among them, four belong to a fourteen gene cluster specialized in the hemicellulose degradation. During my PhD, released of the C. Cellulolyticum genome enabled the establishment of the complete repertory of degradation system components. Identification of components, by mass spectrometry, secreted during growth on different substrates, highlighted that C. Cellulolyticum could modulate the cellulosome composition according to the growth substrate. In particular, the expression of the gene cluster involves in hemicellulose degradation is induced when straw is the growth substrate. Another aspect of my work was to develop a tool to perform random insertional mutagenesis in C. Cellulolyticum. A Tn1545 derivative allowed random and monocopie mutagenesis in genome whereas the use of ISS1 insertion sequence from Lactococcus lactis, allow monocopie integration of genes in the genome
Bily, Antoine. „Rôle et importance des déhydrodimères d'acide férulique et autres phénylpropanoi͏̈des dans les mécanismes de résistance de Zea mays L. à Fusarium graminéarum Schwabe“. Pau, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PAUU3003.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFusarium graminearum is responsible for a major maize disease. The objective of this thesis was to understand the mechanisms of varietal resistance, implicating some maize phytochemicals, the phenylpropanoids. LC/MS assays were developed for the analysis the phenylpropanoids and mycotoxins content of large numbers of samples. Trichothecene production is significantly affected by grain fractions and their phenolic content. Dehydrodimers of ferulic acid (DFA) play a role in varietal resistance: a dimerisation process of the cell wall bound feruloyl residues occurs in pericarp and aleurone infected tissues of the resistant line. At harvesting time, DFA contents are correlated with resistance. QTL mapping of cell wall phenylpropanoids and resistance to F. Graminearum indicates the genetic basis of the involvement of DFA in resistance
Radilofe, Sahondra. „Amélioration génétique de la fétuque élevée et du ray-grass : approche biotechnologique“. Toulouse, INPT, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPT024A.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHamzaoui, Mahmoud. „Développements méthodologiques en Extraction de Partage Centrifuge (EPC). Application au fractionnement et à la purification de substances naturelles végétales et issues des biotechnologies blanches“. Thesis, Reims, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REIMP207/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this thesis was the characterization and study of potential applications of a new Centrifugal Partition Extractor (CPE) prototype, in the field of natural plant extracts and withe biotechnology. This work initially focused on the extraction and purification of metabolites mainly from white biotechnology (succinic acid, itaconic acid, ...), but very quickly, we have been led to focus our research on other metabolites from natural extracts plant (Glycyrrhiza glabra, Sinapis alba, and Anogeissus leiocarpus) and one target fermentation (itaconic acid)
Florin, Bruno. „Étude de différentes voies de conservation d'embryons, de tissus et de cellules de végétaux cultivés in vitro : applications de l'hypoxie et de la cryoconservation“. Tours, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOUR3804.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDespoulain, Béatrice. „Enrichissement des drèches blanches de maïs par les champignons filamenteux“. Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE18005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTapin-Lingua, Sandra. „Utilisation des biotechnologies pour la valorisation des pailles de plantes annuelles en fibres papetières et composés phénoliques à haute valeur ajoutée“. Aix-Marseille 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX11020.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRosiau, Emeline. „Etude et fonctionnalité de promoteurs graines spécifiques de lin dans les embryons de plantes en développement : synthèse d'acides gras inhabituels dans les plantes oléagineuses : impact sur le métabolisme cellulaire“. Compiègne, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009COMP1850.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLipids are accumulated to high levels in oilseed plants. Their synthesis is based on highly compartmented enzymatic reactions specially regulated. The majority of these plant oils are used for food. However, there is a need for adapted oils for industrial uses. Modification of the pattern of fatty acids in oil was performed by integrating spécifie genes into the plant genome promoting. The success of such genetic modifications is dependent on bath the establishment of efficient transformation protocols and level at which transgenes are expressed in cells. Ln this work, three novel linseed promoters (Elongase, Hydroxy, Oleosin) have been tested for their capacity to induce gene expression specifically in embryos. Only the Oleosin promoter was shown to be functional in seeds, during the accumulation of réserves (10-30 DAF) and allowing a high level of expression for the transgenes. Previous studies have shown that integration of methyl groups into the carbon chain of fatty acids improved oil physical and chemical properties, For this purpose, three bacterial genes implicated in the synthesis of methyl precursors (Threonine desaminase, propionyl CoA carboxylase) and in the elongation of carbon chains (Mycocerosid acid synthase) were used to promote the production of branched chain fatty acids in rapeseed and linseed plants. However, some redirection of the synthesis towards the production of branched amino acids was observed in these transgenic plants. A part of this work was devoted to the analysis of the impact of the expression on the cellular metabolism by using functional genomic approaches: transcriptomic and proteomic
Georges, Didier. „Approches biotechnologiques (cultures de tissus, cellules et protoplastes) pour l'accroissement de la variabilité génétique chez le chèvrefeuille (lonicera, caprifoliaceae)“. Tours, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOUR3802.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFerdinand, Pierre-Henri. „Adhérence et colonisation des fibres de cellulose par la bactérie cellulolytique Clostridium cellulolyticum. : étude du rôle des protéines CipC et HycP“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4729.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleClostridium cellulolyticum is a strict anaerobe, cellulolytic bacteria. It produces multienzymatic complexes, called cellulosomes, which are able to efficiently degrade the plant cell wall polysaccharides. Cellulolytic bacteria, including C. cellulolyticum do binds to cellulose since early growth stage. For most of the studied cellulolytic bacteria, adherence to cellulose seems to be mediated by their cellulosomes. However, molecular factors involved in C. cellulolyticum adherence to cellulose remain unknown.My Ph.D. aimed to implement different but complementary strategies to study adhesion and colonization of cellulose fibers by C. cellulolyticum and to identify the molecular mechanism(s) by which the bacteria bind to cellulose. In order to identify some proteins encoding genes involved in adhesion, I firstly developed random mutagenesis and isolated two adhesion deficient mutants. I also used a targeted mutagenesis tool to inactivate some candidate genes.My studies highlight C. cellulolyticum adheres with both high specificity and affinity to cellulose. Colonization of cellulose fibers by C. cellulolyticum forms a mono-layer of segregated cells on cellulose surface and may occur through cycles of adhesion-release-re-adhesion to substrate. Inactivation of the CipC encoding gene led to a short decrease of the mutant strain's adherence level. This result suggests some other proteins may be involved in C. cellulolyticum adhesion to cellulose. Finally, I studied HycP, a produced and secreted CBM3 encoding protein of unknown function. HycP is a unique protein among databases and may have a phagic origin
Claude, Marquié Catherine. „Mise au point et étude de films biodégradables réalisés avec des farines de graines de cotonniers“. Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20033.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChenel, Vanessa. „Analyse du principe d'Équivalence en Substance en tant que concept directeur pour l'évaluation de l'innocuité des végétaux génétiquement modifiés“. Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5681.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHassanein, Anber Mahmoud Ahmed. „Etude sur la résistance à la sécheresse chez les pélargoniums et recours aux biotechnologies pour l'amélioration de cette caractéristique“. Angers, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ANGE0010.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePelargonium drought resistance was studied. P. X peltatum genotypes were the most tolerant whereas the aromatic genotypes and P. X domesticum were the most susceptible. Variability was found in P. X hortorum. The accumulation of sucrose and other sugars of higher molecular weight characterized the tolerant genotypes. Two transformation methods were set up to improve drought tolerance. From leaf discs 100% of P. Graveolens, P. X hortorum and P. Capitatum explants produced respectively 7. 3, 8. 3 and 11,4 rooted plants per explant 8 – within 12 weeks. Efficiency of Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, reached 146% P. X hortorum and 346% for P. Capitatum. Transformation was confirmed by GUS assay, PCR and Southern-blot analysis. From leaf protoplasts, 40% of calli were formed from which 83% gave 2. 6 rooted plants within 21 weeks. These transformation efficiency was 1. 5 % of electroporated protoplasts giving. Finally, a genetic construct harboring 1-SST gene, isolated from onion and coding for fructan biosynthesis was made using the Gateway technology. This plasmid is ready to use for improvement of drought resistance
Bau, Richard Hwei-Ming. „Les constituants biochimiques de quelques graines d'oleagineux et de légumineuses : Étude des propriétés physico-chimiques fonctionnelles et nutritionnelles. Traitements d'amélioration par voies chimique, enzymatique et biologique“. Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10270.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMoncousin, Charles. „Évolution de l'AIA, des composés phénoliques, de l'activité spécifique des péroxydases et de la production d'éthylène, au cours de la rhizogénèse, sur des microboutures de vigne (V. Riparia Michx. X V. Rupestris Scheele)“. Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10216.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNimbona, Côme. „Effet du système thiorédoxine NADP dépendant sur les protéines des céréales non panifiables (mai͏̈s, sorgho et riz). Conséquences technologiques et mise au point d'un procédé de pastification“. Montpellier 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON20148.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDuquesnoy, Isabelle. „Etude agrophysiologique, biochimique, protéomique de l'impact de l'arsenic inorganique pentoxyde et trioxyde chez 4 espèces végétales : 2 espèces annuelles (Lycopersicum esculentum et Zea mays) et deux espèces pérennes (Agrostis tenuis et Dechampsia cespitosa)“. Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CLF21976.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFontana, Angélique. „Incidences physiques et physiologiques de la floculation des levures“. Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20247.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVillemont, Estelle. „Petunia hybrida (Axillaris M1xSKR4) : optimisation de la transformation d'explants foliaires avec Agrobacterium tumefaciens : étude des mécanismes cellulaires impliqués dans la transformation génétique et caractérisation de plantes transgéniques“. Amiens, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AMIE0107.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFahs, Zeinab. „Isolement de gènes exprimés dans la graine de lin et potentiellement impliqués dans l'accumulation d'acides gras polyinsaturés et inhabituels : caractérisation de la fonctionnalité in vivo et in vitro des enzymes correspondantes“. Thesis, Compiègne, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016COMP2275.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFlaxseed oil contain high amount of oméga-3 and present different industrials applications and human health benefits. ln this work, we aimed to identify enzymes allowing the accumulation of high level of omega-3 in linseed plants. ln this context, we evaluated the role of Lysophophatidic acid acyltransferases (LPAAT) and Phospholipases A2 (PLA2) enzymes in the accumulation of omega-3 by in vitro and in vivo approaches. Results showed the presence of a LPAAT2A isoform into flax genome having a high specificity and selectivity toward omega-3. Expression of Lpaat2A and sPia2a gene in Arabidopsis seeds increase seed weight, oil production and omega-3 content (up to 10% and 11%) in transformant seeds respectively. These results showed the presence in linseed plant of an efficient enzymatic system toward omega-3 accumulation. Furthermore, we have evaluated in vitro and in vivo the potential of Litchi and flax LPAAT enzymes toward the production of cyclopropane fatty acids (CFA). These fatty acids are naturally produced by a specific enzyme «CFA synthase» with physico-chemical properties interesting to lubricant and cosmetics industries. ln this context, we have generated Arabidopsis lines expressing E. coli Cfa synthase with or not co-expression of litchi Lpaat gene. Result showed an increase of 25% in the content of CFA in transgenic line co-expressing Cfa synthase and litchi Lpaat comparing to the transgenic lines expressing the CFA synthase. This increase in the level of CFA in transgenic seeds reflects the specificity of Litchi LPAAT toward CFA
Boizard, Maryline. „La protection juridique des inventions biotechnologiques“. Rennes 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN10416.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleStatue law has allowed, as a principle, the right to take out a patent for living organisms. The European guideline related to the legal protection of the biotechnological inventions does not reconsider the enforcement with the right to patent this kind of innovation, it gives harmonization, but not only. Indeed, taking out patents for biotechnological inventions has entertained fears aroused by the development of the genetic engineering and the guideline has pointed those fears at the risk of introducing an ethical dimension dealing with the lettters patent right which does not have particularly a regard for the law. The European guideline also carries out an adjustement of the letters patent right so as to give the inventor the widest protection. However, as they are compelled to insert the guideline into the International sphere, the European authorities have to issued a text which reveals cetain inconsistencies that will be prejudicial to the guideline itself with the enforcement of the law linking the European members countries
Roccia, Aymeric. „Etude de deux gènes impliqués dans la biosynthèse du parfum chez le genre Rosa L. (Rosaceae)“. Phd thesis, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00993081.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEl, Badaoui Khalid. „Contribution à l'étude des protéases de quelques champignons ectomycorhiziens“. Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10123.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGourguillon, Lorène. „Etude de deux halophytes, Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd. et Helichrysum stoechas (L.) Moench : exploration phytochimique, approche biotechnologique et valorisation dermo-cosmétique“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAF039.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe phytochemical study of Armeria maritima and Helichrysum stoechas led to the isolation of 31 molecules never reported before in the genus Armeria, 4 of which being new flavonol diglycosides, and to the development of a dereplication strategy for the study of H. stoechas. In both species, an abundance of polyphenols was observed, which could be extracted with eco-friendly methods like SFE. Both halophytes showed a strong biological potential as their extracts and molecules demonstrated antioxidant, anti-collagenase, anti-inflammatory and wound healing activities. Moreover, we initiated for the first time cell suspensions of A. maritima, and identified elicitors, such as methyl-jasmonate, which led to H. stoechas cell suspensions with an increased content in 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, a bio-marker of anti-inflammatory activity. The production of bioactive molecules in "plant cell factories" could be scaled-up to enhance the valorization potential of both halophytes in dermocosmetics
Cicéron, Félix. „Caractérisation de la fucosyltransférase du xyloglucane d'Arabidopsis thaliana « AtFuT1 » : étude biochimique et structurale“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAV020/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFucosyltransferases are enzymes that transfer a fucose residue from GDP-fucose on varied acceptors (oligosaccharides, proteins). In Human, these glycosyltransferases are involved in many biological and pathological processes. Numerous fucosyltransferase exist in the plant kingdom. Among them, FuT1 transfers a fucose linked in 1,2 onto a galactose of xyloglucan: a major hemicellulose of dicots cell wall. This branched polysaccharide is intensively studied because of its current and potential industrial applications in textile, food, pharmaceuticals, etc. The main objective of this PhD program was to obtain biochemical and structural information on the fucosyltransferase AtFuT1 from the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. A recombinant form of this protein has therefore been produced, using the baculovirus/insect cell system. In order to get sufficient amount of protein for structural studies, a suspension cell culture method has been set-up in the lab. A two-step purification protocol, involving affinity and size exclusion chromatography was established. The active, and highly pure recovered protein was used to determine the biochemical properties of the protein towards its substrates (GDP-fucose and xyloglucan), to get protein crystals and hence to solve its 3D structure in complex with GDP and a xyloglucan derived oligosaccharide (2.2 Å resolution). AtFuT1 behaves in solution and in crystallo as a non-covalent dimer. The protein adopts a variant of the classical GTB fold. In addition, novel glycosyltransferase assay have been designed allowing the screening of numerous reaction conditions. Methods and techniques that were developed during this study should be a useful base for the characterization of other glycosyltransferase
Leomagno-Piernas, Valérie. „Définition d'un procédé de production de pousses de riz : aspects nutritionnels et sanitaires“. Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20044.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMilesi, Sandrine. „Étude de la production de furocoumarines par la Rue officinale (Ruta graveolens L. ) : cultures de plantes au champ et cultures in vitro“. Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2001. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_2001_MILESI_S.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRuiz-Sanchez, Patricia. „Optimisation de la culture de microalgues en milieu vibré : application à Arthrospira platensis“. Compiègne, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008COMP1761.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this work, we aim to develop and characterize a new adapted culture system for A. Platensis. It is based on surface aeration of a flexible pouch bioreactor fixed on a vibrating table. A comparative study between a culture reference system and the vibrated system shows that the growth of A. Platensis is suitable in vibrated culture. The vibrated culture has been firstly optimized by increasing the light at an intensity of 15000 Lux. In these conditions, X reached 1. 0 g/L and P was 0. 2 g/Ld. Furthermore, other cultures were placed at 15000 Lux and then exposed directly to 31700 Lux. It has been showed that at 31700 Lux, the cellular growth is limited by the carbon. The values X and P are respectively 1. 4 g/L and 0. 3 g/Ld. In these conditions, the cellular death appears at pH values higher than 11. To feed microalgae in carbon, we submitted the cellular growth to phototrophic and mixotrophic conditions under pH control using CO2 injection. It allowed to optimize X and P. In phototrophic conditions, X = 3. 4 g/L and P = 0. 49 g/Ld and in mixotrophic conditions, X = 3. 9 g/L and P = 0. 57 g/Ld
Cordova, Lopez Jesus Antonio. „Isolement, identification et physiologie des champignons thermophiles en vue de la production de lipases par fermentation en milieu solide“. Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20037.
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