Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Biological fertilization“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Biological fertilization"
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Granhall, Ulf. „Biological fertilization“. Biomass and Bioenergy 6, Nr. 1-2 (Januar 1994): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0961-9534(94)90087-6.
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Sahar Alhamadani, Najm Abdallah, und A. A. K. Al Ma'amery. „Impact of organic, biological and mineral fertilizations on the mineral content of potato sprouts and tubers planted in gypsum soils“. Bionatura 7, Nr. 4 (15.12.2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21931/rb/2022.07.04.35.
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The study was carried out during the 2021 spring planting season at the Fallujah palm station belonging to the Department of Horticulture, the Ministry of Agriculture, in gypsum soil to study the Impact of organic Fertilization and inoculation with P.sudomonas bacteria, Trichoderma harzanium and Mineral fertilization on the growth and yield of potatoes of Burren variety, Experiment included three factors. The addition of fertilization recommendation by 100% ( M100) led to a significant increase in the content of major nutrients (N, P, K) in the vegetative part, which amounted to 1.35, 0.25 and 1.42 percent, respectively, and in the tubers which amounted to 1.22, 0.21 and 1.28%, respectively. And the starch in the tubers reached 12.89 g. plant-1, while adding half of the Fertilization recommendation (M50) gave the lowest rates for the traits mentioned earlier. The double and triple interactions gave significant results in growth characteristics, yield and mineral content. Keywords: Potatoes, Organic fertilization, Bio-fertilizations, Mineral fertilization, yield.
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van Kooij, R. J., M. Balerna und A. Campana. „Biological aspects of in vitro fertilization“. Experientia 41, Nr. 12 (Dezember 1985): 1496–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01964782.
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LOPES, PAULO AUGUSTO PEREIRA, RODINEI FACCO PEGORARO, MARCOS KOITI KONDO, SILVÂNIO RODRIGUES DOS SANTOS und LUIZ ARNALDO FERNANDES. „GRAIN YIELD AND MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF COWPEA PLANTS GROWN UNDER RESIDUAL EFFECT OF SEWAGE SLUDGE FERTILIZATION1“. Revista Caatinga 33, Nr. 1 (März 2020): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252020v33n103rc.
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ABSTRACT Cowpea plants produce protein-rich grains and present high yield potential when grown under irrigation and organic fertilization, enabling to substitute part of the mineral fertilizer with sewage sludge, reducing costs and generating environmental benefits. Thus, a field study about residual effect of sewage sludge fertilization on cowpea was developed to evaluate this substitution. The experiment was conducted using a randomized block design with four replications, in a 2×5 factorial arrangement consisted of two fertilization types (residual effect of sewage sludge fertilization, and mineral fertilizers) and five cowpea cultivars (BRS-Pajeu, BRS-Xiquexique, BRS-Marataoa, BRS-Pujante, and BRS-Cauame). The residual fertilizations were from applications of sewage sludge and NPK mineral fertilizers for pineapple crops grown in the area before the cowpea crop. The experiment was conducted using 80,000 plants ha-1 and micro-sprinkler irrigation. Vegetative and yield components, grain yield, and microbiological quality were analyzed. BRS-Pujante had the highest cowpea grain yield (4,124 kg ha-1) and the highest means for vegetative and yield components. The soil with residual sewage sludge fertilization improved the cowpea root growth and grain yield (3,854 kg ha-1); the latter was 19% higher than that of treatments with mineral fertilization. These results were related to the great soil organic matter content provided by the sludge fertilization, which promotes nutrient mineralization, increasing grain yield. Fresh and dry grains of cowpea plants grown under residual effect of sewage sludge fertilization have similar microbiological quality to those of plants grown under mineral fertilization.
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Lédo, Alex A., Sergio L. R. Donato, Ignácio Aspiazu, João A. da Silva, Paulo E. R. Donato und Abner J. de Carvalho. „Nutrient concentration and nutritional efficiency in ‘Gigante’ cactus pear submitted to different spacings and fertilizations“. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 24, Nr. 3 (März 2020): 154–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n3p154-161.
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ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate nutrient concentration and nutritional efficiency in ‘Gigante’ cactus pear under different chemical, organic and organomineral fertilizations, planting configurations and spacings, during three production cycles. Seventy two treatments, involving two types of configuration in the plots, three spacings in the subplots and 12 types of fertilization in the sub-subplots were arranged in a split-split-plot scheme, in a randomized block design, with three repetitions. At the time of harvest of each production cycle, 40 cladode tissue samples were collected per treatment to determine dry matter mass and nutrient concentration, which were used to calculate the coefficients of biological utilization of nutrients. Organic fertilization reduces Mn concentrations in cladodes to levels below the sufficiency range. The nutritional efficiency of N, S, P, Mn and Zn is higher with organic and organomineral fertilizations and are associated with higher dry matter yields, whereas K nutritional efficiency is higher with mineral fertilization. The absence of fertilization or application of 30 Mg ha-1 year-1 of bovine manure is insufficient to ensure nutritional status and dry matter yield above 15 Mg ha-1 in ‘Gigante’ cactus pear.
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Volkohon, V. V., S. B. Dimova, K. I. Volkohon, L. M. Tokmakova, M. A. Zhurba, Y. M. Halep, N. P. Shtanko und N. V. Lutsenko. „BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF CROPS FERTILIZING SYSTEMS“. Agriciltural microbiology 22 (29.12.2015): 13–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35868/1997-3004.22.13-29.
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The process of nitrogen fixation and N2O emission in the system “soil – plant” was studied in the conditions of field stationary experiment on leached black soil when growing crops in short rotation crop succession (potato – barley – peas – winter wheat) in case of different fertilization systems and application of microbial agents. Using directivity indexes of processes of nitrogen biological transformation in agrocoenosis and economic calculations an environmental and economic rationale for fertilization was composed.
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Song, Shi Wei, Hai Da Li, Ri Yuan Chen, Guang Wen Sun und Hou Cheng Liu. „Effect of Biological Organic Fertilizer on Plant Growth and Yield of Chinese Kale“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 142 (November 2011): 175–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.142.175.
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A substrate culture experiment was conducted to study the effect of different biological organic fertilizer levels (control: zero fertilization, low level, medium level and high level) on plant growth and yield of Chinese kale (Brassica alboglabra Bailey). Results showed that compared with control, treatments of medium and high fertilization increased the leaf number, plant height, stem diameter, yield and plant dry matter of Chinese kale. Thus they promoted plant growth. The fertilizer utilization ratio of Chinese kale was the lowest for low fertilization treatment, and it was the highest for medium fertilization treatment, while it was decreased for high fertilization treatment. The treatment of medium level fertilization (30g/plant) promoted plant growth and increased the yield of Chinese kale; also it had the highest fertilizer use efficiency. So it was the appropriate organic fertilization amount for Chinese kale production.
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Cojocaru, Alexandru, Laurian Vlase, Neculai Munteanu, Teodor Stan, Gabriel Ciprian Teliban, Marian Burducea und Vasile Stoleru. „Dynamic of Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidant Activity, and Yield of Rhubarb under Chemical, Organic and Biological Fertilization“. Plants 9, Nr. 3 (11.03.2020): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9030355.
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In recent years, rhubarb is being increasingly cultivated, as it provides early yields when the vegetables supply to market is deficient and shows high levels of both polyphenols content and antioxidant capacity in edible parts. In 2017, we investigated crops of the rhubarb cultivar Victoria to the fifth year of production. Comparisons were performed between three root phase fertilizations—chemical (NPK 16-16-16®), organic (Orgevit®), and biological (Micoseeds MB®)—plus an unfertilized control. The determinations of polyphenols, the antioxidant capacity, and the yield indicators from the stalks (petioles) of rhubarb were made at each out of the 10 harvests carried out. The highest yield (59.16 t·ha−1) was recorded under the chemical fertilization. The total polyphenols content and antioxidant capacity varied widely from 533.86 mg GAE·g−1 d.w. and 136.86 mmol Trolox·g−1 d.w., respectively in the unfertilized control at the last harvest, up to 3966.56 mg GAE·g−1 d.w. and 1953.97 mmol Trolox·g−1 d.w. respectively under the organic fertilization at the four harvest. From the results of our investigation, it can be inferred that the chemical fertilization was the most effective in terms of yield, whereas the sustainable nutritional management based on organic fertilizer supply led to higher antioxidant compounds and activity.
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Stearns-Smith, Stephen C., Eric J. Jokela und Robert C. Abt. „Thinning and Fertilizing Southern Pine Stands of the Lower Coastal Plain: Biological and Economic Effects“. Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 16, Nr. 4 (01.11.1992): 186–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/16.4.186.
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Abstract The interaction between thinning and fertilization (nitrogen and phosphorus) was investigated in seven slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) plantations and one natural loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) stand in the lower Coastal Plain of the southeastern United States. Thestands ranged in age from 14-20 years when the 2² factorial (thinning X fertilization) experiments were installed. Significant thinning X fertilization interactions occurred on five tests, but the nature of the interactions was inconsistent. Fertilization responses remained significant8 years after treatment and averaged 35 ft³/ac/yr. Fertilization increased stand volume production in the chip-n-saw product class more frequently than thinning. After 8 years, thinning increased individual tree volume growth by 0.50-3.05 ft³/tree over the controls; however, thinninggenerally decreased both total stand and chip-n-saw volumes at final harvest. Economic effects were examined by determining soil expectation values (SEV) for each thinning and fertilization treatment combination for various rotation lengths using uniform economic assumptions. The treatmentcombination that maximized stand volume production was not always the best financial choice. The increased growth rates due to thinning, fertilization, or both tended to extend the optimal rotation. A 4% real cost of capital with harvest merchandizing of pulpwood and chip-n-saw product classeseconomically favored fertilization over the other treatments. However, increasing the cost of capital (6% real) or merchandizing solely for pulpwood put fertilization at a relative disadvantage. South. J. Appl. For. 16(4):186-193
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Gianaroli, L., MC Magli, AP Ferraretti, D. Fortini, E. Feliciani und A. Fiorentino. „Biological factors affecting subzonal sperm microinjection results“. Reproduction, Fertility and Development 6, Nr. 1 (1994): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd9940063.
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One hundred and sixteen couples with severe male factor infertility underwent 139 subzonal sperm microinjection cycles. In total, 1343 oocytes were microinjected, resulting in a fertilization rate of 24%, followed by a cleavage rate of 65%. In 26% of the zygotes, fertilization was delayed and embryos derived from these zygotes demonstrated a poor capacity for further growth and implantation. In 102 of 139 cycles (73%) embryo transfer was performed, resulting in 9 pregnancies. This study followed the fate of injected oocytes and early embryo development to investigate biological factors that influence the results of subzonal injection.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Biological fertilization"
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Nordqvist, Sarah. „Biological Markers of Fertility“. Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Obstetrik & gynekologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-234067.
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Infertility affects 15 % of couples, which corresponds to 60 - 80 million worldwide. The microenvironments in which the oocyte, embryo and fetus mature are vital to the establishment and development of a healthy pregnancy. Different biological systems, such as angiogenesis, the immune system and apoptosis need to be adequately regulated for pregnancy to occur and progress normally. The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate the impact of Histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) and Src homology 2 domain-containing adapter protein B (SHB) on human female fertility. HRG is a plasma protein that regulates angiogenesis, the immune system, coagulation/fibrinolysis and apoptosis, by building complexes with various ligands. The impact of HRG on fertility is studied here for the first time. HRG is present in follicular fluid, the Fallopian tube, endometrium, myometrium and placenta. HRG distribution within embryo nuclei depends on developmental stage. Blastocysts express and secrete HRG. The HRG C633T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) appears to affect the chance of pregnancy and, correspondingly, parameters associated with pregnancy in IVF. Additionally, this HRG genotype may increase the risk in IVF of only developing embryos unfit for transfer. SHB is an adaptor protein involved in intracellular signaling complexes that regulate angiogenesis, the immune system and cell proliferation/apoptosis. Shb knockout mice have altered oocyte/follicle maturation and impaired embryogenesis. The impact of three SHB polymorphisms (rs2025439, rs13298451 and rs7873102) on human fertility is studied for the first time. The SNP prevalences did not differ between infertile and fertile women. BMI, gonadotropin dosages, the percentage of immature oocytes, the number of fertilized oocytes, the percentage of good-quality embryos and the day of embryo transfer seems to be affected by SHB genotype. In conclusion, HRG and SHB appear to influence female fertility. They are potential biomarkers that might be used for predicting pregnancy chance in infertile women. Knowledge of these genotypes may improve patient counseling and individualization of treatment.
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Abro, Manzoor Ali. „Nitrogen fertilization of the host plant influences susceptibility, production and aggressiveness of Botrytis cinerea secondary inoculum and on the efficacy of biological control“. Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00985012.
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Nitrogen (N) fertilization is known to influence the susceptibility of many plants to a variety of diseases. In the case of diseases caused by Botrytis cinerea, the role of N fertilization appears to be variable, with high levels either fostering or reducing severity depending on the studies. To test whether this variability could be due to possible differences in the host plants, inoculum pressure or in the behavior of different strains of the pathogen, studies were carried out to investigate the effect of different N fertilization regimes on the susceptibility of tomato and lettuce to six isolates of B. cinerea. Possible epidemiological effects of N fertilization through the sporulation of the pathogen and on the pathogenicity of resulting secondary inoculum were also investigated on tomato. Plants were grown in a soil-less drip-irrigation system. Differential N nutrition ranging from 0.5 to 30 mM NO3- was applied for the last four weeks prior to inoculation on the leaves (lettuce) or on leaf pruning wounds (tomato) and incubation of the plants in conditions conducive to disease development. On the tomato stems, disease onset was delayed and overall severity was lower for all isolates on plants with higher N inputs, regardless of inoculum concentration. However, the rate of stem lesion expansion was differentially affected depending on the strains, decreasing with increasing N fertilization levels for the more aggressive isolates, while increasing for the less aggressive isolates.In contrast with tomato, high N fertilization increased disease severity on lettuce for all isolates tested. On tomato plant tissue, sporulation of B. cinerea decreased significantly with increasing N fertilization up to 15-30 mM NO3- and the pathogenicity of the spores was significantly influenced by the nutritional status of their production substrate. It was highest for spores produced on plants with very low or very high N fertilization (0.5 or 30 mM NO3-) and lowest for those from plants with moderate levels of N fertilization. Plant fertilization also strongly affected the efficacy of two biocontrol agents (Trichoderma atroviride and Microdochium dimerum) to protect pruning wounds of tomato against B. cinerea. The highest levels of protection were obtained with high N fertilization and related to a delay in symptom development on the stems, sometimes associated with a slowdown in lesion expansion. Histological studies showed that the decrease in disease severity at high N fertilization was associated to structural alteration of Botrytis mycelial cells. In the presence of a biocontrol agent, the effect on the pathogen was further associated to vacuolisation, glycogen deposition and mycelial cell death. Hypotheses to explain these results are discussed in light of the possible physiological effects of nitrogen fertilization on nutrient availability for the pathogen in the host tissue and of possible production of defense metabolites by the plant. These results also open new possibilities for including the manipulation of N fertilization as a tool for the integrated protection of vegetable crops
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Villela, Paulo Márcio Faria. „Interação da adubação nitrogenada e Azospirillum brasiliense em soqueira de cana-de-açúcar“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74131/tde-12022019-111045/.
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A cana-de-açúcar é uma das principais culturas no cenário nacional e tem grande importância nos fatores econômicos, sociais e ambientais. O nitrogênio é um macronutriente essencial para a planta e a adubação nitrogenada é um manejo de muita importância, mas ao mesmo tempo difícil de se trabalhar devido a suas formas de perdas no solo e na planta. A inoculação com bactérias do gênero Azospirillum em cana-de-açúcar pode ser considerada uma alternativa capaz de contribuir para a sustentabilidade do manejo da adubação nitrogenada e do seu melhor aproveitamento. O objetivo do trabalho foi de verificar se há benefícios da bactéria Azospirillum no manejo da adubação nitrogenada em soqueira de cultura da cana-de- açúcar, minimizar a adubação nitrogenada com o uso de inoculação da bactéria Azospirillum. O experimento foi realizado em Porto Ferreira - SP, o delineamento foi em blocos casualizados com 7 tratamentos (0 kg N/ha, 120 kg N/ha, 60 kg N/ha, 60 kg N/ha + 200 ml Azospirillum, 60 kg N/ha + 400 ml Azospirillum, 60 kg N/ha + 600 ml Azospirillum e 60 kg N/ha + 800 ml Azospirillum). Observamos que não houve respostas para a adubação nitrogenada e nem para a aplicação foliar de Azospirillum em soqueira de CTC 20, somente para as doses de Azospirillum apresentou resposta quadrática com a máxima produção de colmos e açúcar por unidade de área para 400 mL do inoculante, para os parâmetros tecnológicos não houve efeito da adubação nitrogenada e nem da inoculação com Azospirillum, a inoculação com Azospirillum e a adubação nitrogenada não implicaram em respostas nos teores de macro e micronutrientes em soqueira de CTC 20, a adubação nitrogenada e a inoculação não afetaram nos teores de clorofila da folha da cana-de-açúcar.Sugarcane is one of the main crops on the national scene and has great importance in social, social and environmental factors. Nitrogen is an essential macronutrient for a plant and nitrogen fertilization is a very important management, but at the same time difficult to work due to its loss of soil and plant. Inoculation with the genus Azospirillum cana-of-coal may be an alternative capable of contributing to the sustainability of nitrogen fertilization and its better utilization. The objective of this work was to verify the advantages of the Azospirillum bacterium in the nitrogen fertilization in a sugar cane crop soya, in a nitrogen fertilization with the inoculation of the Azospirillum bacterium. The experiment was carried out in Porto Ferreira - SP, Brazil, in a randomized block design with 7 sessions (0 kg N / ha, 120 kg N / ha, 60 kg N / ha, 60 kg N / ha + 200 ml Azospirillum, 60 kg N / ha + 400 ml Azospirillum, 60 kg N / ha + 600 ml Azospirillum and 60 kg N / ha + 800 ml Azospirillum). Observations that were not necessary for nitrogen fertilization or for the Azospirillum foliar application in CTC 20 ratoon, only for the doses of Azospirillum, which were added to the nutrient solution of 400 mL of the inoculant, Nitrogenated Nitrogenated Nitrogenated Nitrogenated Nitrogenated Nitrogenated nitrogenous nitrogen in the nitrogenium nitrogen and nitrogliceric acid nitrogen nitrogen in the soil of nitrogliceric acid nitrogen and the inoculation nitrogen nitrogen chlorophyll of the leaf of the sugarcane.
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Hauser, James W. „Effects of hydrology-altering site preparation and fertilization/release on plant diversity and productivity in pine plantations in the coastal plain of Virginia“. Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05042010-020225/.
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Sizenando, Ciro Igor Torres. „Estimativa de produção de genótipos de amendoim inoculados com isolados de Bradyrhizobium“. Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, 2015. http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/tede/jspui/handle/tede/2305.
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Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of leading oilseeds grown worldwide and considered one of the most important oleaginous crops. Due to wide adaptability to tropical conditions and economic value, peanuts may have an important role in the generation of income to small farmers located at Northeast region. The adoption of new crop practices encompassing agroecological management should be encouraged among farmers in order to minimizing costs, such as biological fertilization by using Bradyrhizobium inoculants. The response inoculation, however, is genotype dependent thus it is necessary to identify peanut genotypes more responsive to BNF in order to promote better growth and development of plants. In this study, two peanut genotypes were submitted to management involving three Bradyrhizobium isolates aiming to estimate the pod and seed yield. The experiment was carried out in experimental field of UFRPE, Recife, PE, using two earliness genotypes, BR 1 and L7 bege. Seeds were planted in plots performed by five 3m-rows, using the spacing of 0.70 m x 0.20 m. The soil was previously fertilized with superphosphate and potassium chloride. The treatments were: fertilization with three different Bradyrhizobium isolates (1: 115-7, 2: 123-10 and 3: 1436 SEMIA 6144), fertilization with diammonium sulfate and absolut control (no nitrogen fertilization and inoculation). The experimental design adopted was randomized blocks with four replications. The variables evaluations were: plant height, number of nodules and pods per plant, pod weight and harvest index. It both genotypes had significant response to both Bradyrhizobium and diammonium sulfate fertilizations, mainly to pod pro. Cultivar BR 1 was better benefited with 1 and 2 isolates, revealing 56% and 43% increasing in pod productions, respectively, while L7 bege was responsive only to 2 with increase of 32% and same result to diammonium sulfate fertilization. Based on condition on this research, SEMIA 6144 did not show effectiveness to both genotypes used in this work.
O amendoim (Arachis hypogaea L.) é uma das principais oleaginosas cultivadas no Brasil e no mundo, considerada uma das mais importantes culturas entre as leguminosas. Em função da larga adaptabilidade às condições tropicais e por ser uma cultura de valor econômico, o amendoim tem um papel importante para a geração de renda de pequenos agricultores na região Nordeste, especialmente de base familiar. A adoção de práticas culturais de cunho agroecológico e de baixo custo devem ser estimuladas como forma de incentivar o cultivo de forma mais adaptada para as tendências da região, tais como, o uso de fertilizantes biológicos a base de Bradyrhizobium. A resposta à inoculação, contudo, é genótipo dependente. Desta forma torna-se necessário a identificação de genótipos de amendoim que sejam mais responsivos a FBN e que contribuam para promover o crescimento e desenvolvimento da cultura. Neste trabalho, dois genótipos de amendoim foram submetidos a um manejo envolvendo três isolados de Bradyrhizobium visando estimar a produtividade em função dos nódulos produzidos. O experimento foi instalado na área experimental da UFRPE, Recife, PE, utilizando-se dois genótipos eretos, de ciclo curto, BR 1 e L7 bege. A unidade experimental foi composta por cinco linhas de três metros de comprimento, onde as três centrais foram utilizadas como área útil. O solo foi previamente fertilizado com cloreto de potássio e superfosfato simples. O plantio foi feito utilizando o espaçamento de 0,70 m entre fileiras e 0,20 m entre plantas. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: fertilização com três inoculantes distintos a base de Bradyrhizobium (isolado 1: 115-7, isolado 2: 123-10A e isolado 3: 1436 SEMIA 6144), fertilização nitrogenada (sulfato de amônio) e controle (cultivo sem fertilização nitrogenada). O delineamento experimental adotado foi em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. As variáveis registradas foram: altura de planta, número de nódulos e de vagens/planta, peso de vagens e índice de colheita. Verificou-se que ambos os genótipos obtiveram resposta significativa para as duas fontes de N aplicadas, a linhagem L7 Bege obteve médias superiores a cultivar BR1 em todas as variáveis, com exceção da altura de plantas. Para a produção de vagens, os genótipos mostraram-se responsivos tanto a fonte química como para inoculação com Bradyrhizobium; os isolados 1 e 2 revelaram melhor afinidade com a cultivar BR1 proporcionando incremento de 56% e 43%, respectivamente. Por outro lado a linhagem L7 Bege mostrou-se responsiva apenas ao isolado 2 com incremento de 32%, mesmo resultado obtido com o tratamento químico. O isolado 3, recomendado para a cultura do amendoim, não apresentou efeito significativo.
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Dellabiglia, William José [UNESP]. „Disponibilidade hídrica e utilização do nitrogênio em cana-de-açúcar irrigada por gotejamento subsuperficial“. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/138050.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
A cultura da cana-de-açúcar ocupa posição de destaque entre os cultivos no Brasil. A expansão da cultura está promovendo a ocupação de áreas menos favoráveis, com solos pouco férteis e que apresentam deficiência hídrica, seja pela falta ou má distribuição das chuvas. A disponibilidade hídrica do solo e a adubação nitrogenada caracterizam-se como principais fatores que afetam o rendimento do canavial. Estima-se que parte do nitrogênio utilizado pela cana-de-açúcar, seja proveniente de bactérias diazotróficas (BDs) fixadoras de nitrogênio atmosférico. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a contribuição das BDs na eficiência de uso do nitrogênio na cultura da cana-de-açúcar, em dois ambientes de produção (irrigado e não irrigado); quantificar o possível efeito de sinergismo entre a adubação nitrogenada e a aplicação de água via irrigação por gotejamento subsuperficial na cultura de cana-de-açúcar. O experimento foi conduzido na Unidade de Pesquisa Hélio de Moraes, da APTA (Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios), no município de Jaú, SP, (22°17’ S 48°34’ O, em Latossolo Vermelho). A variedade de cana-de-açúcar foi a RB92579. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, composto por fatorial de 2 manejos de irrigação: irrigado (I) e não irrigado (NI), 2 manejos de inoculação: com inoculação (CD) e sem inoculação (SD) com BDs; e com 4 níveis de disponibilidade de nitrogênio (0, 70, 140, 210 kg ha-1 de N), compondo assim 16 tratamentos com 4 repetições. O experimento teve duração de 365 dias e ao longo do ciclo da cultura foram realizadas avaliações para determinação da condutância estomática via porômetro e da estimativa do conteúdo de clorofila aparente por clorofilômetro. Quantificou-se também o acúmulo de nitrogênio na planta; o número de perfilhos, a altura de plantas (folha +1), e o diâmetro dos colmos. Na colheita final, aos 365 dias após o plantio (DAP), foram realizadas as análises tecnológicas e determinou-se a produtividade de colmos (TCH) e de açúcar (TPH). Constatou-se que não houve diferença de produtividade de colmos e de açúcar entre os tratamentos inoculados e não inoculados com BDs, nos dois ambientes de produção. A cana-de-açúcar elevou sua produtividade com a elevação das doses de nitrogênio. Nos tratamentos irrigados essa elevação foi maior comparando-se com os tratamentos não irrigados.
The culture of sugarcane occupies a prominent position among the crops in Brazil. The expansion of culture is promoting the occupation of less favorable areas, with low fertility soils which present water deficiency either lack or poor distribution of rainfall. The soil water availability and nitrogen fertilizer characterizes itself as major factors affecting the yield of the sugarcane fields. It is estimated that part of the nitrogen used by sugarcane, comes from diazotrophic bacteria (BDs) atmospheric nitrogen fixers. In this context, the aim of this study was to verify the contribution of BDs in nitrogen use efficiency in the culture of sugarcane in two production environments (with and without irrigation); quantify the possible synergism effect between nitrogen fertilization and water application via subsurface drip irrigation in the culture of sugarcane. The experiment was conducted at Research Unit Hélio de Moraes, of APTA (Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios) in the municipality of Jaú, SP, (22 ° 17 'S 48 ° 34' O, Rhodic). The variety of sugarcane was RB92579. The experimental design was randomized blocks, compoused by factorial of two irrigation management systems: irrigated (I) and non-irrigated (NI); and two inoculation management: with inoculation (CD) and without inoculation (SD) with BDs; and 4 availability levels of nitrogen (0, 70, 140, 210 kg ha-1 de N), compound thus 16 treatments with 4 replications. The experiment lasted 365 days and throughout the crop cycle assessments were performed for determination of the stomatal conductance via porometer and the estimate of the content of apparent chlorophyll by chlorophilometer. It was also quantified the nitrogen accumulation in plant; the number of tillers, plant height (leaf +1), and diameter of the stalks. In the final harvest, at 365 days after planting (DAP), were performed technological analysis and it was determined sugarcane yield (TCH) and sugar (TPH). It was found that, there was no sugarcane yield and sugar difference among the treatments inoculated and non-inoculated with BDs, in the two production environments. The sugarcane raised its productivity with rising nitrogen levels. In the irrigated treatments, was higher this increase compared with non-irrigated treatments.
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Silva, Danni Maisa da. „Biota do solo em pastagem sob aplicação sucessiva de dejetos de suínos“. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2015. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/3364.
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The successive use of pig slurry as a soil fertilizer on pasture areas is a common practice in southern Brazil. While there are economic benefits of reuse of waste, this practice poses serious environmental risks and can cause changes in the composition and activity of soil organisms. The soil organisms and microbiological soil quality indicators are very sensitive and allow the monitoring of the soil environment conditions. This work aimed to study the effect of the successive application of pig slurry in pasture areas on the composition, biological activity and microbiological soil quality. The study was conducted in Três Passos/RS in two harvest periods (winter and spring), in areas with use of manure 2 years ago (A2), 14 years (A14) and native forest (NF). In all areas we analyzed the composition of soil organisms through the use PROVID and TSBF, biological activity, using litter bags and bait blade test; was also evaluated the microbiological quality of the soil from the determination of carbon content in the microbial biomass, soil microbial respiration, metabolic quotient (qCO2) and activity of enzymes β Glycosidase, urease and Hydrolysis of Fluorescein diacetate (FDA). The successive use of pig slurry in the soil changed the biological characteristics, according to the same application time; influences the composition and diversity of soil fauna by increasing the total number of individuals, primarily springtails; the activity of soil biota is influenced by the collection time of the analysis and depth, and most especially up to 6 inches from the ground; the successive use of pasture in pig slurry does not influence the carbon biomass, microbial respiration and metabolic quotient were allowing the maintenance of the levels of microbiological soil quality in relation to native forest; the soil enzymatic activity was influenced by the use of pig slurry, and the urease and the hydrolysis of fluorescein diacetate (FDA) were sensitive to detect differences in the activity of soil microorganisms with the use of pig slurry while the enzyme β-glucosidase did not allow the differentiation between the studied areas.O uso sucessivo de dejetos de suínos como fertilizante do solo em áreas de pastagem é uma prática comum na região sul do Brasil. Embora existam benefícios econômicos da reutilização dos dejetos, esta prática apresenta sérios riscos ambientais e pode causar alterações na composição e na atividade dos organismos do solo. Os organismos edáficos e os indicadores microbiológicos de qualidade do solo são bastante sensíveis e permitem o monitoramento das condições do ambiente edáfico. Este trabalho teve por objetivo estudar o efeito da aplicação sucessiva de dejetos de suínos em áreas de pastagem sobre a composição, atividade biológica e a qualidade microbiológica do solo. O estudo foi realizado em Três Passos/RS, em duas épocas de coleta (inverno e primavera), em áreas com uso de dejetos suínos há 2 anos (A2), há 14 anos (A14) e mata nativa (MN). Em todas as áreas foram analisadas a composição dos organismos do solo através do uso do PROVID e do TSBF, a atividade biológica, com o uso de litter bags e do ensaio lâmina bait e a qualidade microbiológica do solo a partir da determinação do teor de C na biomassa microbiana, respiração microbiana do solo, quociente metabólico (qCO2) e atividade das enzimas β Glicosidase, urease e Hidrólise do Diacetato de Fluoresceína (FDA). O uso sucessivo de dejetos de suínos no solo alterou as características biológicas, de acordo com o tempo de aplicação do mesmo; influencia a composição e a diversidade da fauna edáfica, aumentando o número total de indivíduos, principalmente de colêmbolos; a atividade da biota do solo é influenciada pela época de coleta das análises e pela profundidade, sendo maior especialmente até os 6 cm do solo; o uso sucessivo de dejetos de suínos em pastagem não influencia o carbono da biomassa, a respiração microbiana e o quociente metabólico do solo permitindo a manutenção dos níveis de qualidade microbiológica do solo em relação à mata nativa; a atividade enzimática do solo foi influenciada pelo uso de dejetos de suínos, sendo que a urease e a Hidrólise do Diacetato de Fluoresceína (FDA) foram sensíveis na detecção de diferenças na atividade dos microrganismos dos solos com uso de dejetos de suínos enquanto que a enzima β-Glicosidase não permitiu a diferenciação entre as áreas estudadas.
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Rodrigues, Luan Fernando Ormond Sobreira. „Características fisiológicas e agronômicas do trigo em função da combinação de matéria orgânica estabilizada, Azospirillum brasilense e doses de nitrogênio“. Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2013. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/1256.
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Previous issue date: 2013-06-27Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Brazil has a low contribution to the production of wheat in relation to world stage. Therefore, some techniques have been developed to increase the productivity of wheat grains in the country and reduce production costs. Among these techniques, we can highlight inoculation with plant growth promoting bacteria which contribute both to the biological nitrogen fixation in non-legumes, as with the release of plant growth regulator to the roots of the plants in which they associate. However, the biological nitrogen fixation by these bacteria is not sufficient for maximum yield of these crops and it is necessary, therefore, association with some other technique such as spraying organic material stabilized in humic acid, it may be a viable alternative in the process production of wheat. Given the above, the aim of this work was to verify the agronomic effectiveness of the combination of Azospirillum brasilense in relation to or associated with the use of humic acid and different levels of nitrogen fertilizer in wheat crop conditions in the greenhouse and field. Three experiments were conducted, two simultaneously in the agricultural year 2011/2012, in the greenhouse and in a field experiment in the agricultural year 2012/2013. Both experiments were carried out in experimental stations belonging to the core of experimental stations Unioeste, from Marechal Cândido Rondon, PR. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a 4x4 factorial with four replications. The first factor relates to plant growth promoters (Control; Ab-V5 strain of A. brasilense; organic material stabilized humic acid HA and Ab-V5+HA) and the second factor levels of nitrogen (0, 30 , 60 and, 90 kg ha-1 of N). Was used as plant material wheat cultivar CD 150, which evaluated the plant height, dry weight of leaves, stems and sheaths, reproductive structures and shoots, leaf area, leaf gas exchange measurements, SPAD , yield components and grain yield of the crop. In general, home vegetable was observed that the combined use of Ab-V5+AH, favored the increase in dry matter of shoots, the absorption of N and K, the leaves, and P and K, the grains wheat, number of ears per pot, the average length of the ears and the weight of one hundred grains. In the field experiment showed that Ab-V5+HA promoted increase in shoot dry matter, gas exchange, the K content of grain, and the number of ears per square meter. The grain yield of the crop was influenced by any of the treatments under greenhouse and only levels of nitrogen in field experiment. The conclusion of this work that the combined use of Ab-V5+AH favors the growth characteristics of wheat crop, but more studies are needed because grain yield is only influenced by nitrogen fertilizer rates
O Brasil apresenta uma baixa contribuição na produção de trigo, em relação ao panorama mundial. Diante disso, algumas técnicas foram desenvolvidas para aumentar a produtividade de grãos de trigo no país e diminuir os custos produtivos. Entre essas técnicas, pode-se destacar a inoculação com bactérias promotoras do crescimento vegetal, que contribuem tanto com a fixação biológica de nitrogênio em não leguminosas, quanto com a liberação de reguladores vegetais para as raízes das plantas em que se associam. Contudo, a fixação biológica de nitrogênio por essas bactérias, não é suficiente para máxima produção dessas culturas, sendo necessário, portanto, a associação com alguma outra técnica, como a pulverização de matéria orgânica estabilizada em ácido húmico, pode ser uma alternativa viável no processo produtivo do trigo. Face ao exposto, objetivou-se com este trabalho verificar a eficiência agronômica da combinação entre Azospirillum brasilense em relação ou associada à utilização de ácido húmico e diferentes níveis de adubação nitrogenada na cultura do trigo em condições de casa de vegetação e a campo. Foram conduzidos três experimentos, sendo dois simultaneamente, no ano agrícola 2011/2012, em casa de vegetação e, um experimento a campo, no ano agrícola 2012/2013. Ambos os experimentos foram instalados nas estações experimentais pertencentes ao núcleo de estações experimentais da Unioeste, do município de Marechal Cândido Rondon-PR. O delineamento experimental adotado foi em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 4x4, com quatro repetições. O primeiro fator refere-se aos promotores do crescimento vegetal (Controle; estirpe Ab-V5 de A. brasilense; matéria orgânica estabilizada em ácido húmico AH e; Ab-V5+AH) e o segundo fator aos níveis de nitrogênio (0; 30; 60 e; 90 kg ha-1 de N). Utilizou-se como material vegetal a cultivar de trigo CD 150, em que se avaliou altura de plantas, massa de matéria seca das folhas, colmo mais bainhas, das estruturas reprodutivas e da parte aérea, área foliar, medidas de trocas gasosas, índice SPAD, componentes de produção e a produtividade de grãos da cultura. De maneira geral, em casa de vegetal foi observado que o uso combinado de Ab-V5+AH, favoreceu o incremento em matéria seca da parte aérea, na absorção de N e K, pelas folhas, e de K e P, pelos grãos de trigo, no número de espigas por vaso, no comprimento médio das espigas e na massa de cem grãos. No experimento a campo observou-se que Ab-V5+AH promoveu incremento em matéria seca da parte aérea, nas trocas gasosas, no teor de K dos grãos, e no número de espigas por metro quadrado. A produtividade de grãos da cultura foi influenciada por nenhum dos tratamentos em casa de vegetação e somente pelas doses de nitrogênio no experimento a campo. Conclui-se com este trabalho que o uso combinado de Ab-V5+AH favorece nas características de desenvolvimento da cultura do trigo, porém mais estudos devem ser realizados pois a produtividade dos grãos é influenciada apenas pelas doses de nitrogênio utilizadas
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Ferreira, Tamires Esther [UNESP]. „Decomposição da palha de cana-de-açúcar em área de recolhimento variável sob adubação nitrogenada mineral ou inoculação com bactérias diazotróficas“. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151920.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
A operação de recolhimento da palha de cana-de-açúcar trouxe a oportunidade ímpar de agregar sustentabilidade e renda extra ao setor sucroalcooleiro. Com isto, dúvidas surgiram sobre os efeitos que esta prática ocasionaria ao sistema solo-planta, e quais seriam as necessidades de alteração nas práticas de manejo, principalmente quando se trata da adubação nitrogenada, além de permitir a exploração de tecnologia pouco explorada, como a interação entre planta e microrganismos fixadores de nitrogênio. Neste sentido, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a dinâmica de decomposição de quantidades variáveis de palha pela aplicação de adubo nitrogenado mineral ou inoculação com bactérias diazotróficas. Para isto acompanhou-se a decomposição da palha durante a primeira soca da variedade IACSP 95-5000, testando três níveis de recolhimento (36, 64 e 100%), o equivalente à 4.300; 7.400; e 11.500 kg ha-1 de palha mantida em campo e duas técnicas de cobertura: 120 kg ha-1 de nitrato de amônio e a inoculação foliar com a mistura de cinco estirpes bacterianas (Azospirillum amazonense, Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus, Herbaspirillum seropedicae, Herbaspirillum rubrisubalbicans e Burkholderia tropica). O experimento foi instalado em fatorial 3x2, distribuídos em blocos ao acaso com parcela subdivida no tempo (coletas). Para avaliar a decomposição foi utilizado o método de “litterbags”, com coletas regulares aos 0, 101, 180, 235, 285 e 319 dias após a instalação em campo, permitindo o acompanhamento da taxa (%) e massa seca da biomassa, carbono, carboidratos estruturais, lignina, e nitrogênio remanescentes (kg ha-1 ) além da relação C: N. Foram ainda avaliados na pré-colheita, os teores de C e N (%) do solo nas camadas 0-5cm e 0-10 cm, sendo esta última amostrada tanto na linha, como na entrelinha da cultura. Os resultados finais foram submetidos a análise de variância e regressão, e quando detectadas diferenças significativas, as médias foram comparadas por Tukey (p<0,05). Ao final do experimento, a constante e a taxa de decomposição da massa seca e carbono da palha não são influenciadas independente das proporções de resíduo adicionadas sobre o solo ou técnica em cobertura, permanecendo em média 42% do inicial em campo a uma taxa média de decomposição igual a 58% e relação C: N variando de 41 a 47:1. O nitrato de amônio acelera a velocidade de decomposição dos carboidratos estruturais, porém, a mineralização da lignina, importante parte do processo, foi maior quando se usou o inoculante FBN (38%) em relação ao nitrato (30%), e o mesmo é afirmado para o nitrogênio. Os teores de carbono e nitrogênio do solo não foram modificados pelos níveis de palha ou nitrato de amônio e inoculante FBN na camada 0-5 cm, porém, este último, potencialmente proporciona maiores entradas de C e N na linha da cultura à 0-10 cm. Os resultados permitiram concluir que a decomposição não é alterada por quantidades distintas de palha em campo tendo o inoculante FBN em cobertura um indicativo de novas oportunidades de manejo para o setor, pois sob as condições do estudo não interferiu sobre o processo de decomposição e promoveu o enriquecimento do solo.
The sugarcane straw recovering process brought an unique opportunity to join sustainability and income to sugarcane sector.Thus, doubts arose about the outcome that this practice would have on soil-plant system, and beyond, what would be necessary to change in management system, especially when it comes to nitrogen fertilization, both for amount and source selected, as well as poorly exploited technology using, such the relationship between plant and nitrogen-fixing microorganisms.Therefore, the research aimed to evaluate sucargacane straw levels and its effect on decomposition process by using mineral fertilizer and NBF inoculant. The experiment proceeded by following straw decomposition of IACSP 95-5000 first ratoon, testing three recovering rates (36,64 e 100%), wich represents 4,300; 7,400; and 11,500 kg ha-1 of straw left in the field and two top dressing techniques: 120 kg ha- 1 of ammonium nitrate and leaf inoculation with five bacterial strains (Azospirillum amazonense, Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus, Herbaspirillum seropedicae, Herbaspirillum rubrisubalbicans and Burkholderia tropica). The experiment was installed in 3x2 factorial arranged in randomized blocks with design scheme of split plot (sampling). The decomposition process was accompanied by litterbags method with sampling at 0, 101, 180, 235, 285 and 319 days after installation wich allowed to determine rate (%) and dry mass of biomass, carbon, structural carbohydrates, lignin, and nitrogen (kg ha-1 ) besides C: N ratio. The C N contents (%) collected from 0-5cm layer was evaluated before harvesting, as well as 0-10 cm, but the last one were sampled from row and crop interrow. The results were submitted to variance analysis with regression and when significant differences were detected, means were compared by Tukey (p <0.05). At the end of the experiment, carbon and straw dry mass constant and decomposition rate are not influenced by different proportions left on soil or top dressing technique, remaining on average 42% in the field within a decomposition rate of 58% and C: N ratio ranging from 41 to 47:1. Ammonium nitrate accelerates the decomposition rates of structural carbohydrates, but lignin mineralization, an important part of the process, was higher when the FBN (38%) inoculant was used in relation to nitrate (30%), as well for nitrogen. Carbon and nitrogen soil contents were not modified by straw levels or ammonium nitrate and FBN inoculant on 0-5 cm layer, however, inoculant potentially provides higher C and N inputs in crop row at 0-10 cm. It’s possible to conclude that decomposition process is is not altered by different levels of sugarcane straw on soil surface, having FBN inoculant an indicate of new management opportunities for sugarcane sector, because under study purpose did not interfere on decomposition process and promoted soil enrichment.
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LEO, GIULIA. „GAMETOPHYTE AND SPOROPHYTE CROSSTALK DURING FERTILIZATION IN ARABIDOPSIS“. Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/565198.
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Arabidopsis thaliana seeds comprise three tissues, which are genetically and functionally distinct. However, in order to ensure a correct seed development, a communication and coordination of them is strictly necessary.
The seed coat is a five-layer tissue surrounding the female gametophyte. In the stk abs double mutant only four layers form this tissue: the endothelium, the innermost one, does not differentiate.
Since the endothelium is a sporophytic layer directly in contact with the gametophyte before the fertilization and with the endosperm after the fertilization, we hypothesized a possible role of this layer in the communication between those tissues.
In this work, the role of the endothelium has been investigated, as well as the role of the STK and ABS, the two MADS box transcription factors required for endothelium differentiation.
An additional interesting phenotype of the stk abs double mutant is the excessive amount of starch accumulating in the central cell of the female gametophyte. This might causes the partial sterility described for the double mutant.
Combining stk abs with the gpt1 mutant, whose mature ovules do not accumulate starch, we found a partial recovery of the phenotype; this result support the idea that the excess of starch in the double mutant could physically prevent the correct fertilization process.
Bücher zum Thema "Biological fertilization"
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Sprague, John B. Biological test method: Fertilization assay using echinoids (sea urchins and sand dollars). [Ottawa]: Environment Canada, 1992.
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Littwin, Susan. Fertility god: The true story of a miracle doctor who committed "biological theft" to produce designer babies. Atlanta, GA: Turner Pub., 1997.
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Just, Ernest Everett. The biology of the cell surface. New York: Garland Pub., 1988.
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Snyder, Daniel T. Nitrogen and phosphorus loading from drained wetlands adjacent to Upper Klamath and Agency Lakes, Oregon. Portland, Ore: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey : Denver, CO : Branch of Information Services [distributor], 1997.
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Corrêa, Marilena Villela. Novas tecnologias reprodutivas: Limites da biologia ou biologia sem limites? Rio de Janeiro: EdUERJ, 2001.
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Human embryogenesis: Methods and protocols. Dordrecht: Humana Press, 2009.
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Beyond second opinions: Making choices about fertility treatment. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998.
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Franklin, Sarah. Biological Relatives: Ivf, Stem Cells, and the Future of Kinship. Duke University Press, 2013.
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Franklin, Sarah. Biological Relatives: IVF, Stem Cells, and the Future of Kinship. Duke University Press, 2013.
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Biological test method: Fertilization assay using echinoids (sea urchins and sand dollars). Ottawa, Ont., Canada: Environmental Protection, Conservation and Protection, Environment Canada, 1992.
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Costa, Pedro B., und Luciane M. P. Passaglia. „How Fertilization Affects the Selection of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria by Host Plants“. In Biological Nitrogen Fixation, 967–74. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119053095.ch95.
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Tesarik, Jan. „MSOME and Sperm DNA Integrity: Biological and Clinical Considerations“. In Non-Invasive Sperm Selection for In Vitro Fertilization, 137–47. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1411-1_14.
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Ke, Yuanyuan, Jing Li und Yifu Wang. „Keller–Segel–(Navier–)Stokes System Modeling Coral Fertilization“. In Financial Mathematics and Fintech, 189–274. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3763-7_4.
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AbstractChemotaxis, the directed movement caused by the concentration of certain chemicals, is ubiquitous in biology and ecology, and has a significant effect on pattern formation in numerous biological contexts (Hillen and Painter 2009; Maini et al. 1991).
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Sakhidin, Sakhidin. „Combination of NPK fertilization and Foliar Application for Increasing the Yield of Citrus Fruit“. In Advances in Biological Sciences Research, 328–34. Dordrecht: Atlantis Press International BV, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-128-9_33.
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Fuentes Ramírez, L. E., J. Caballero Mellado, J. Sepúlveda Sánchez, R. Bustillos Cristales und E. Martínez Romero. „Nitrogen Fertilization Has an Inhibitory Effect on Colonization of Sugarcane by Acetobacter diazotrophicus“. In Biological Nitrogen Fixation for the 21st Century, 401. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5159-7_246.
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Sifi, B., M. Labidi, M. Trabelsi und K. R. Maoui. „Effect of Chimical Fertilization and Nitrogen Fixation on the Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum) Yield“. In Biological Nitrogen Fixation for the 21st Century, 639. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5159-7_400.
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Milev, G. M. „Effect of the Rainfalls, Rhizobium Inoculation and Nitrogen Fertilization on Nodulation of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)“. In Biological Nitrogen Fixation for the 21st Century, 525. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5159-7_335.
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Widyasunu, Purwandaru, Muhammad Rif’an, Prasmaji Sulistyanto, Ahadiyat Yugi Rahayu, Maria F. M. Panjaitan und Makna Pinangit. „Study on Soil Sulfur, Organic-C and Nitrogen, Nutrient Content of Rice and Fertilization Recommendation in the Downstream Serayu Sub Watershed Area in Kesugihan District, Cilacap Regency“. In Advances in Biological Sciences Research, 261–74. Dordrecht: Atlantis Press International BV, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-128-9_27.
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Da Silva, P. M., S. M. Tsai und R. Bonetti. „Response to inoculation and N fertilization for increased yield and biological nitrogen fixation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)“. In Enhancement of Biological Nitrogen Fixation of Common Bean in Latin America, 123–30. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2100-2_13.
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Scott, Lynette. „The Biological Basis of Oocyte and Embryo Competence: Morphodynamic Criteria for Embryo Selection in In-Vitro Fertilization“. In Essential IVF, 333–76. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8955-0_13.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKonferenzberichte zum Thema "Biological fertilization"
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Xiong, Hanfeng, Yousheng Xiong, Yiping Shao, Wei Liu und Yuanyuan Xie. „Study on reducing fertilization technology of sweet corn“. In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FRONTIERS OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING (FBSE 2018). Author(s), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5085544.
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Jodaugienė, Darija, Rita Čepulienė und Irena Pranckietienė. „Effect of Biological Preparations and Different Nitrogen Fertilization on Winter Wheat Crop“. In IOCAG 2022. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iocag2022-12262.
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Takayama, Shuichi, Yi-Chung Tung und Bor-Han Chueh. „Biological Micro/Nanofluidics“. In ASME 2008 First International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat Transfer. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnht2008-52087.
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Many biological studies, drug screening methods, and cellular therapies require culture and manipulation of living cells outside of their natural environment in the body. The gap between the cellular microenvironment in vivo and in vitro, however, poses challenges for obtaining physiologically relevant responses from cells used in basic biological studies or drug screens and for drawing out the maximum functional potential from cells used therapeutically. One of the reasons for this gap is because the fluidic environment of mammalian cells in vivo is microscale and dynamic whereas typical in vitro cultures are macroscopic and static. This presentation will give an overview of efforts in our laboratory to develop programmable microfluidic systems that enable spatio-temporal control of both the chemical and fluid mechanical environment of cells. The technologies and methods close the physiology gap to provide biological information otherwise unobtainable and to enhance cellular performance in therapeutic applications. Specific biomedical topics that will be discussed include subcellular signalling in normal and cancer cells, in vitro fertilization on a chip, studies of the effect of physiological and pathological fluid mechanical stresses on endothelial and epithelial cells, and microfluidic stem cell engineering. In the nanoscale regime, tunable nanochannels that can manipulate single DNA molecules will be discussed.
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SHAMSULLAH, J. A., und B. A. HAMID. „EFFECT OF POTASSIUM SOURCE, HUMIC ACID AND IRRIGATION WATER SALINITY ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS, GROWTH AND YIELD OF BROCCOLI“. In VIII.International ScientificCongressofPure,AppliedandTechnological Sciences. Rimar Academy, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/minarcongress8-11.
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A field experiment was carried out in the season 2020-2021 in a field site in AlDora/Baghdad area in a clay mixture under the Type Torrfluvent group, on broccoli plant. Potassium sulfate was formed in three concentrations (0, 60, 120) Kg K ha-1 and irrigated with two types of irrigation water (river and well) under the drip irrigation system. The results showed a significant increase of potassium sources on the leaf area. The treatment of fertilization with potassium sulfate was superior at the second level. (HS2) in the values of leaf area (40.66) cm2. The interaction between potassium sources and salinity of irrigation water was also recorded, and the highest value was recorded when treatment (S1HS2) was (66.86) cm2. A significant decrease in leaf area was recorded with the increase in salinity of irrigation water (S2) (24.08). ) cm2, and the results of the research indicated a significant increase of potassium sources in the percentage of chlorophyll in the leaves. The treatment of fertilization with potassium sulfate at the second level (HS1) was superior to the values of chlorophyll (1.23) mg liter-1. The interaction between potassium sources and salinity of irrigation water was also recorded. The highest value was observed when treatment (S2HS1) was (1.06) mg liter-1, and there was a significant increase in biological yield and economic yield due to potassium sources. The treatment of fertilizing with potassium sulfate at the level (HS) was (1530.5) gm plant-1 and (20.2) ton ha-1 for both biological yield and economic yield, respectively. Also, the interaction between potassium sources and irrigation water salinity recorded the highest value when treatment (S1HS1) and it was (2033) gm plant-1 and (23.8) ton ha-1 for both biological yield and economic yield Respectively and there was a significant increase in the potassium content in the plant due to potassium sources.
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ČEPULIENĖ, Rita, und Darija JODAUGIENĖ. „INFLUENCES OF BIOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS ON SOIL PROPERTIES IN THE SPRING WHEAT CROP“. In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.013.
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The natural biochemical, biophysical and biological processes in the soil is changing due to the intensive use of pesticides. At present, it is actual fertilization technologies, which are based on non-fertilizer rates increase bat on their rational use because in the fertilizer is unnecessary chemical compounds that promote mineral nutritional elements leaching. Have been studied the effect of biological preparations BactoMix, AgroMik and Rizobakterin on soil physical properties. Experiments were carried out in 2015–2016 at the Experimental Station of Aleksandras Stulginskis University on Calcari-Endohypogleyic Luvisol. The mean annual temperature of the study site is 6.0–6.5 °C, mean annual precipitation is 600–650 mm and mean annual length of sun shine is 1750–1800 hour (Lithuanian Hydrometeorological Service). Biological preparations sprayed on the soil surface and incorporated in the soil by sowing spring wheat. The use of biological preparations had a tendency to reduce soil density (from 2.3 to 5.3 %), to increase soil porosity (from 0.6 to 2.1 %). Biological preparations had no significant influence on quantity couples filled with moisture and air. The hardness of the soil after spring wheat harvest was the smallest in the fields sprayed by Rizobakterin preparation. The use of biological preparations BaktoMix and Rizobakterin significantly increased soil moisture. The following preparations significantly decreased soil pulverized fractions (micro structure) and significantly increased amount of particles larger than 10 mm.
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Takayama, Shuichi, Dongeun Huh, Jonathan Song, Wansik Cha und Yunseok Heo. „Micro- and Nanofluidics for Cell Biology, Cell Therapy, and Cell-Based Drug Testing“. In ASME 2009 7th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2009-82151.
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Many biological studies, drug screening methods, and cellular therapies require culture and manipulation of living cells outside of their natural environment in the body. The gap between the cellular microenvironment in vivo and in vitro, however, poses challenges for obtaining physiologically relevant responses from cells used in basic biological studies or drug screens and for drawing out the maximum functional potential from cells used therapeutically. One of the reasons for this gap is because the fluidic environment of mammalian cells in vivo is microscale and dynamic whereas typical in vitro cultures are macroscopic and static. This presentation will give an overview of efforts in our laboratory to develop microfluidic systems that enable spatio-temporal control of both the chemical and fluid mechanical environment of cells. The technologies and methods close the physiology gap to provide biological information otherwise unobtainable and to enhance cellular performance in therapeutic applications. Specific biomedical topics that will be discussed include, in vitro fertilization on a chip, microfluidic tissue engineering of small airway injuries, breast cancer metastasis on a chip, electrochemical biosensors, and development of tuneable nanofluidic systems towards applications in single molecule DNA analysis.
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Vorob'eva, L., Valeriy Anischenko und Vasily Adamko. „Studying the efficiency of mineral fertilizers and biological products on the productivity and quality of green mass of lupin lupine angustifolia“. In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production. ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2022-28-76-116-122.
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The paper presents the results of studies on the study of different doses of potash fertilizers in combination with phosphate fertilizers, both with a separate application and in combination with the biological product Humimax, when cultivating narrow-leaved lupine for green mass, in a field experiment on soddy-podzolic sandy soil (with a pollution density of 20 and more than Ku/km2). The effectiveness of the influence of doses of potash fertilizers and the biopreparation Humimax on the yield, accumulation of 137Cs and the nutritional value of the green mass of the narrow-leaved lupine was studied. It has been established that the use of the Humimax biopreparation provides an increase in the yield of the green mass of lupin up to 69%. The use of the biological product on all backgrounds of fertilization provides an increase in the content of crude protein in the green mass of lupine. Consistently increasing doses of potassium in combination with P45, both when used alone and in combination with a biological product, reduced the specific activity of 137Cs by more than 2.5 times. To reduce the accumulation of 137Cs in the green mass of lupine below the permissible level, the doses of mineral fertilizers should not be lower thanP45K150.
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Vorob'eva, L., Vasily Adamko und Valeriy Anischenko. „Study of the effectiveness of mineral fertilizers and the biopreparation Humimax on the productivity and quality of oat grain cultivated on soddy-podzolic sandy soil“. In Multifunctional adaptive feed production 27 (75). ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2022-27-75-102-107.
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The results of studies on the effect of different doses of mineral fertilizers and the biopreparation Humimax on the productivity and quality of oat grain when cultivated on soddy-podzolic sandy soil with a pollution density of 20 or more Ci/km2, and on the transfer of radionuclides into oat grain are presented. It has been established that the use of the biopreparation Humimax provides an increase in the yield of oat grain by 23%. Consistently increasing doses of potassium in the composition of NPK, both with a separate application and in combination with a biological product, reduced the specific activity of 137Cs in oat grain by more than 3 times. The use of the drug Humimax on all backgrounds of fertilization provides an increase in the content of crude protein in the grain.
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„Biological Qualification of Oocyte Maturity with the Use of the Karhunen-Loeve Transform: Computer-aided Decision for Selecting Best Oocytes Before Fertilization“. In International Workshop on Medical Image Analysis and Description for Diagnosis Systems. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0001810900770084.
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„POSSIBILITY OF APPLICATION PULSATING ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD IN A SAFER SOYBEAN PRODUCTION“. In 1st INTERNATIONAL Conference on Chemo and BioInformatics. Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/iccbi21.105c.
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The application of methods in the field of biophysics, such as the pulsating electromagnetic field (PEMP) to biological organisms, many studies are performed that indicate specific changes and efficient action on various biochemical processes of cells in plants. The obtained results do not depend only on the plant species, but also on the climatic conditions, agrotechnical measures and exposure time, intensity and nature of the fields used in the research. The aim of the study was the effect of stimulation of soybean seeds with PEMP. Soybean seeds are rich in quality proteins, oils and fats. The three-year research period 2013-2015 implied different agrometeorological conditions. Soybean seeds of the Valjevka variety were used. Soybeans were grown with different amounts of organic granular poultry manure (control – no fertilization, 750 kg.ha-1 i 1300 kg.ha-1). Seed stimulation was performed before sowing with PEMP low frequency 15 Hz and exposure of 30 minutes. Seed stimulation efficiency was very pronounced because it statistically significantly (p <0.01) increased grain yield by 4.85% and protein content in grain by 3.52%.
Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Biological fertilization"
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Shoseyov, Oded, Steven A. Weinbaum, Raphael Goren und Abhaya M. Dandekar. Biological Thinning of Fruit Set by RNAase in Deciduous Fruit Trees. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568110.bard.
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Fruit thinning is a common and necessary practice for commercial fruit production in many deciduous tree fruit species. Fruit thinning in apple may be accomplished with a variety of chemical thinning agents, but the use of these chemicals is a subject of environmental concern. It has been shown recently that RNase enzyme, secreted from the stigma and the style, inhibits pollen germination and pollen tube elongation. In this study we have been able to show that Aspergillus niger B-1 RNase can effectively inhibit peach and apple pollen germination, and tube elongation in-vitro, as well as thin fruit in peach and apple, and reduce the number of seeds in citrus. The objectives of the research were to detrmine the conditions for effective thinning of (USA and Israel), develop fermentation process for cost effective production of RNase from A. niger. (Israel), and clone apple S-RNase cDNA (USA). All the objectives of the research were addressed. We have determined the optimal fermentation conditions for cost effective production of the A. niger at a 20,000 liters scale. TheA. niger B1 RNase was isolated to homogeneity and its kinetic and biochemical properties including its N-terminal sequence were fully characterized. The field test results both in Israel and California have shown variability in effectiveness and more work is needed to define the RNase concentration necessary to completely inhibit pollen development. Plant transformation vectors expressing anti-sense apple S-RNase genes were constructed (USA) with an attempt to produce self compatible transgenic apple trees. Bovine S-Protein cDNA was cloned and successfully expressed in E. coli (Israel). Plant transformation vector expressing the S-Protein gene was constructed (USA) with an attempt to produce transgenic plants expressing S-protein in the style. Exogenous application of S-peptide to these plants will result in active RNase and consequently prevention of fertilization.
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Miller, Gad, und Jeffrey F. Harper. Pollen fertility and the role of ROS and Ca signaling in heat stress tolerance. United States Department of Agriculture, Januar 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7598150.bard.
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The long-term goal of this research is to understand how pollen cope with stress, and identify genes that can be manipulated in crop plants to improve reproductive success during heat stress. The specific aims were to: 1) Compare heat stress dependent changes in gene expression between wild type pollen, and mutants in which pollen are heat sensitive (cngc16) or heat tolerant (apx2-1). 2) Compare cngc16 and apx2 mutants for differences in heat-stress triggered changes in ROS, cNMP, and Ca²⁺ transients. 3) Expand a mutant screen for pollen with increased or decreased thermo-tolerance. These aims were designed to provide novel and fundamental advances to our understanding of stress tolerance in pollen reproductive development, and enable research aimed at improving crop plants to be more productive under conditions of heat stress. Background: Each year crop yields are severely impacted by a variety of stress conditions, including heat, cold, drought, hypoxia, and salt. Reproductive development in flowering plants is highly sensitive to hot or cold temperatures, with even a single hot day or cold night sometimes being fatal to reproductive success. In many plants, pollen tube development and fertilization is often the weakest link. Current speculation about global climate change is that most agricultural regions will experience more extreme environmental fluctuations. With the human food supply largely dependent on seeds, it is critical that we consider ways to improve stress tolerance during fertilization. The heat stress response (HSR) has been intensively studied in vegetative tissues, but is poorly understood during reproductive development. A general paradigm is that HS is accompanied by increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induction of ROS-scavenging enzymes to protect cells from excess oxidative damage. The activation of the HSR has been linked to cytosolic Ca²⁺ signals, and transcriptional and translational responses, including the increased expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) and antioxidative pathways. The focus of the proposed research was on two mutations, which have been discovered in a collaboration between the Harper and Miller labs, that either increase or decrease reproductive stress tolerance in a model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana (i.e., cngc16--cyclic nucleotide gated channel 16, apx2-1--ascorbate peroxidase 2,). Major conclusions, solutions, achievements. Using RNA-seq technology, the expression profiles of cngc16 and apx2 pollen grains were independently compared to wild type under favourable conditions and following HS. In comparison to a wild type HSR, there were 2,776 differences in the transcriptome response in cngc16 pollen, consistent with a model in which this heat-sensitive mutant fails to enact or maintain a normal wild-type HSR. In a comparison with apx2 pollen, there were 900 differences in the HSR. Some portion of these 900 differences might contribute to an improved HSR in apx2 pollen. Twenty-seven and 42 transcription factor changes, in cngc16 and apx2-1, respectively, were identified that could provide unique contributions to a pollen HSR. While we found that the functional HS-dependent reprogramming of the pollen transcriptome requires specific activity of CNGC16, we identified in apx2 specific activation of flavonol-biosynthesis pathway and auxin signalling that support a role in pollen thermotolerance. Results from this study have identified metabolic pathways and candidate genes of potential use in improving HS tolerance in pollen. Additionally, we developed new FACS-based methodology that can quantify the stress response for individual pollen in a high-throughput fashion. This technology is being adapted for biological screening of crop plant’s pollen to identify novel thermotolerance traits. Implications, both scientific and agricultural. This study has provided a reference data on the pollen HSR from a model plant, and supports a model that the HSR in pollen has many differences compared to vegetative cells. This provides an important foundation for understanding and improving the pollen HSR, and therefor contributes to the long-term goal of improving productivity in crop plants subjected to temperature stress conditions. A specific hypothesis that has emerged from this study is that pollen thermotolerance can be improved by increasing flavonol accumulation before or during a stress response. Efforts to test this hypothesis have been initiated, and if successful have the potential for application with major seed crops such as maize and rice.