Dissertationen zum Thema „Bioindicator species“
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Samuelsson, Louise. „Natural value assessments – can they predict the species richness of red listed and bioindicator fungi in Fennoscandian coniferous forests?“ Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-64923.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAvhandlingen syftar till att undersöka hur bra två standardmetoder inom naturvården (Skogsbiologernas naturvärdesbedömning och Nyckelbiotopsinventering) är på att upptäcka ett områdes förekomst av rödlistade svampar och signalarter. Metoderna jämförs för att upptäcka om någon metod är överlägsen den andra angående att finna områden med stor förekomst av rödlistade svampar och signalarter samt om ett större område automatiskt innebär fler arter. Detta undersöks genom att Skogsbiologernas naturvärdesbedömning utförs på områden som redan inventerats utifrån en Nyckelbiotopsinventering med tillägg av en svampinventering. Statistiska analyser genomförs därefter för att ge svar om förekommande samband. Analyser visar att Nyckelbiotopsinventeringen och Skogsbiologernas naturvärdesbedömning inte skiljer sig angående bedömningen av skogsområden. Utförda statistiska testerna tyder även på att det inte förekommer något samband mellan bedömda områdens areal och dess bedömning enligt Skogsbiologernas bedömning, däremot finns det ett samband mellan områdenas areal och Nyckelbiotopsinventeringens bedömning. Det förekommer dock inget art-area samband. Utförda tester indikerar även att ingen av metoderna kan förutsäga mängden rödlistade svampar samt signalarter i ett skogsområde. Baserat på detta resultat ger förekomsten av signalarter samt rödlistade svamparter ingen bra indikation på en skogs naturvärde. För att ge mer trovärdiga svar på dessa frågor krävs mer studier med en ökad mängd replikat.
Sweatman, Jennifer L. „Gammaridean Amphipods as Bioindicators in Subtropical Seagrass Ecosystems“. FIU Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2603.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAndersson, Skog Nils. „Bats in Urban Sweden : A multiple regression analysis of bats’ relationship to urbanization“. Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Miljövetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-45771.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePannacciulli, Federica Gabriella. „Population ecology and genetics of European species of intertidal barnacles“. Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295815.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMcKinnell, Stephen Arthur. „The use of non-biting midge species Chironomus riparius Meigen (Diptera: Chironomidae) as a toxicity test species with particular reference to surfactants“. Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261342.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAuclerc, Apolline. „Impact d'amendements calco-magnésiens sur la diversité des macroinvertébrés de sols forestiers et sur certains processus fonctionnels associés. Cas du massif vosgien (nord-est, France)“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0056/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe use of liming (Ca-Mg) on acidified forest can be interesting to counteract soil acidification and loss of nutrients caused by decades of acid atmospheric deposition. In this context, the aims of this work were to assess liming effect on (i) taxonomical diversity and community structure of soil macro-invertebrates and on (ii) two associated functional processes related to earthworms: soil structuration and humus evolution. The PhD project was realised in three sites from the Vosges mountains (North-eastern, France): two forest mountain catchments (one lying on sandstone and the other on granite) limed in 2003 and the public hill forest of Humont at a lower altitude limed in 1991 and 2008. Results showed that 4 years after liming in mountain forest, the total abundance of macro-invertebrates decreased, while the species richness were similar. However, the community structure strongly differed, and less than 50% of the species were common to limed and control sites. Moreover, 43 species appeared to be indicators of liming. Predator taxa abundance decreased whereas the detritivorous were favoured by lime addition. The in vitro experiments showed a positive effect of liming on soil structuration by earthworm activities (cast production and burrowing activities). In the Humont forest, liming at medium-term (4 years) and long term (20 years) have an important effect on the Aporrectodea velox population, an endemic vosgian species. Related to its high biomass, this increase strongly improved soil physicochemical parameters such as soil structure and humus morphology
Thibault, Margot. „Composition, abundance, origin and distribution of plastic pollution accumulated in the Southern Indian Ocean gyre“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., La Réunion, 2024. https://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/24_01_M_THIBAULT.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe majority of mismanaged plastic waste enters the marine environment. Once in the oceans, these plastics drift until reaching subtropical convergence zones, where they accumulate to form “Garbage Patches”. Five zones have been discovered, including one in the southern Indian Ocean. This latter patch has undergone limited surface observation studies, and several predicted models indicate a different location, placing it either west or east of the basin. Supposedly the second most polluted “Garbage Patch” after the North Pacific, it is crucial to identify it for effective intervention accurately. Within this context, the doctoral project aimed to determine the composition, concentration, and origin of plastic debris accumulated in the Southwest Indian Ocean. Since the project's inception, 19 oceanographic campaigns have been conducted to visually monitor macro-debris (> 2.5 cm) and collect microplastics by manta trawl deployment (500 μm – 5 mm). Surveys of marine debris (macro-meso (5 mm – 2.5 cm) beached on uninhabited, remote islands have also been carried out to assess the concentration that does not remain on the surface. Furthermore, a long-term study of plastic pollution was initiated by identifying bio-indicator species in the region. All observations have been compared or complemented with plastic dispersion predictive models in the Indian Ocean. Of all the marine debris collected or observed, 95% consisted of plastics. Among plastics, the predominant subcategory was pre-existing fragmented hard plastics found on the ocean surface, beached on uninhabited islands, and ingested by bio-indicator species. The primary composition of these polymers was polyethylene and polypropylene, and it did not differ between the ocean surface and beaches. A concentration gradient of microplastics was also identified, ranging from 10^3 items.km^-2 at 40°E to 10^5 items.km^-2 at 65°E on latitudes 30/33°S. This gradient has been confirmed by plastic dispersion predicted models, although they tend to underestimate it. In addition, some of the macroplastics stranded on the islands originated mainly from Southeast Asian food packaging. Three species have been identified for long-term monitoring of plastic pollution in the region: loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta), Barau's petrels (Pterodroma baraui), and tropical shearwaters (Puffinus baillonni). Future studies should include increasing sampling in the central and eastern parts of the Indian Ocean basin during different seasons, studying the impact of plastic debris on associated ecosystems, and developing tailored management solutions
Gottardini, Elena. „Risposte morfologiche, fisiologiche e geniche all’ozono della specie arbustiva Viburnum lantana L“. Doctoral thesis, country:IT, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10449/22868.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVieira, Ricardo Jorge Almeida. „Biochemical and physiological changes on three commercial marine fish species to extreme weather events“. Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/22233.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe effect of climate change is an issue of major concern to the scientific community and politicians, with the register, at the past decades, of extreme climate events worldwide. A biomarker based biomonitoring program represents a promising approach, due to its usage to assess the health status of organisms with the biochemical response may be used as early-warning signal of chemical (e.g. pollutants) and environmental stress conditions. However, it is of high importance to develop further approaches, to identify standard key species and organs to diagnose and determine damages caused by severe weather events in studies in situ. This work aims to investigate biomarker responses, in situ, in the liver and at the brain of three marine fish species (Dicentrarchus labrax, Platichthys flesus and Solea solea), from the Mondego estuary (Portugal), during two distinct extreme climatic events (drought (2012) and flood (2014)) in order to determine their baseline levels and to identify the organ to be used as endpoint in ecotoxicological studies. In addition, biochemical analyzes were supplemented with physiological indices of the sampled organisms, diagnosing their physiological state and implications for the antioxidant potential. Severe climatic events had distinct modes of action affecting the physiological condition of the studied species. Biochemical experimental approach shows that the brain has a low antioxidant defense system compared to the liver, increased ROS accumulation rates, making it particularly susceptible to oxidative damage during the dry event. In the flood event, the antioxidant potential of the brain compared to the liver revealed higher difficulty in detoxification of xenobiotic compounds. According to higher oxidative sensitivity of the brain, this organ shows to be a good indicator to assess the influence of climate change in aquatic ecosystems, using the liver as a reference organ, less sensitive to the factors above mentioned, although until now the organ often used in the analysis of oxidative metabolism.
Um assunto que tem requerido especial atenção por parte da comunidade científica e de políticos é o efeito das alterações climáticas, tendo-se registado nas últimas décadas eventos climáticos extremos cada vez mais frequentes mundialmente. A biomonitorização dos sistemas aquáticos baseada em análise de biomarcadores permite avaliar o estado fisiológico dos organismos e utilizar as respostas bioquímicas como sinais de alerta precoce de condições de stress ambientais ou químicos. Porém, é fundamental desenvolver e aprofundar estas metodologias de modo a identificar espécies aquáticas standard e órgãos chave que permitam diagnosticar os impactos provocados por fenómenos climáticos em estudos in situ. O presente trabalho tem como objectivo principal determinar as respostas in situ de biomarcadores analisados no fígado e no cérebro de três espécies de peixes marinhos (Dicentrarchus labrax, Platichthys flesus e Solea solea), recolhidos no estuário do Mondego (Portugal), em dois anos distintos, e sob a influência de eventos climáticos extemos (seca (2012), e inundação (2014)), de modo a determinar os níveis basais e identificar o órgão a ser usado como indicador em estudos ecotoxicológicos. As análises bioquímicas foram complementadas com índices fisiológicos dos organismos capturados, permitindo determinar o estado fisiológico dos organismos e implicações no sistema de defesa antioxidante. Os eventos climáticos extremos tiveram distintos modos de acção tendo-se registado no ano de seca a interrupção na dinâmica dos condutores ambientais, o que afectou a condição fisiológica das espécies estudadas. A análise bioquímica indica que o cérebro tem um sistema de defesa antioxidante baixo em comparação com o fígado, maiores taxas de acumulação de ROS, tornando-o particularmente susceptível ao dano oxidativo no ano de seca. O potencial antioxidante do cérebro comparado com o do fígado no ano onde se registaram inundações revelou maior dificuldade deste órgão na desintoxicação de compostos xenobióticos. De acordo com a maior sensibilidade oxidativa do cérebro, este órgão mostra ser um bom indicador na avaliação dos impactos das alterações climáticas nos ecossistemas aquáticos, utilizando o fígado como órgão de referência, menos sensível aos factores acima mencionados, no entanto, até ao momento, o órgão preferencial na análise do metabolismo oxidativo.
De, la Rey Pieter Arno. „Evaluation of the applicability of diatom based indices as bioindicators of water quality in South African rivers / Pieter Arno de la Rey“. Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/3690.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThesis (Ph.D. (Environmental Science))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.
Montezani, Edmila. „Estudo sobre a composição elementar nas amostras de líquen epifítico utilizado como bioindicador da poluição aérea na cidade de São Paulo“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85131/tde-01082011-092551/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleStudies on air pollution have intensified in recent years, due to the diversity of emissions and the effect caused to the health of populations. Consequently, several techniques have been investigated for air pollution evaluation and among them one that has gained considerable attention is that of biomonitoring. In this study chemical elemental levels in the atmosphere of São Paulo city were evaluated, by means of passive biomonitoring, using epiphytic Canoparmelia texana species, in order to compare between the results obtained in samples from different sites of São Paulo city and in a reference site of Ubatuba city, SP. Neutron activation analysis (NAA) procedure applied in the analyses consisted of irradiating aliquots of samples along with synthetic standards of elements in the nuclear reactor IEA-R1 for 16 hours under a thermal neutron flux of about 5.0 x 1012 n cm-2 s-1, followed by gamma ray spectrometry for the determination of As, Br, Ca, Co, Cr, Cs, Fe, K, La, Rb, Sc, Se and Zn. Results obtained in the analyses of lichens samples in replicates presented good reproducibility indicating homogeneity of the prepared samples. The precision and accuracy of the results were evaluated by the analyses of certified reference materials IAEA-336 Lichen and INCT-TL-1 Tea Leaves. Results obtained in the reference materials presented, in general, good precision, with relative standard deviations between 0.4 and 14.8% and good accuracy with relative errors between 0.2 and 8.7%. In São Paulo city, the lichens were collected in the following sites: Parque Dom Pedro II, Congonhas, Cidade Universitária, Lapa, Moóca, Morumbi, Nossa Senhora do Ó, Parque Ibirapuera, Pinheiros, Santana, Santo Amaro and Taboão da Serra. Element concentrations found in lichens indicated a great variability depending on the sites where the samples were collected. The results obtained in the lichens submitted to the cluster analysis indicated three groups of sampling sites according to the chemical similarity obtained in lichens. Lichen collected in the reference site of Ubatuba indicated that most of element concentrations are lower or at the same order of magnitude when compared with those obtained in lichens collected in São Paulo city. The highest element concentrations in the sample from Ubatuba were obtained for Br, K and Zn. Results obtained in this study indicated that the origins of elements present in the atmosphere of São Paulo city are due to mainly vehicular emissions followed industrial emissions and from soil. Elements named vehicular emission markers (Br, Co, Sb and Zn), industrial markers (Cr, Co and Fe) and from soil (Sb, Se, Rb e La) were determined in the lichens.
Mitiku, Addisu Asefa. „Afromontane avian assemblages and land use in the Bale Mountains of Ethiopia : patterns, processes and conservation implications“. Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/79782.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
DST/NRF Centre of Excellence
Zoology and Entomology
MSc
Unrestricted
Al-Saffar, Mohammed Abdullah. „Conservation Biology in Poorly Studied Freshwater Ecosystems: From Accelerated Identification of Water Quality Bioindicators to Conservation Planning“. Miami University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1456926241.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGuillot, Héloïse. „L’herpetofaune, sentinelle de l’accumulation et des effets des contaminants environnementaux ?“ Thesis, La Rochelle, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LAROS024/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe development of industrial and agricultural activities over the last century has resulted in the release of chemicals into the environment, which contaminate ecosystems and can accumulate in plants, sediments and across food webs. As such, it is essential to conduct an assessment of the ecological risk associated with the presence of these compounds in natural environments. Achieving this can be aided through the study of sentinel species, which can be used to determine exposure rates of individuals and assess how these subsequently impact wildlife. Amphibians and reptiles display ecological and biological characteristics that may make them particularly attractive as sentinel species. The collection of studies presented in this thesis aims to determine the availability of contaminants in the environment and estimate the effects of this on individual traits of living organisms. Across several species of reptiles and amphibians we, (i) measured levels of pollutants accumulated in the tissues of several reptile species ; (ii) assessed how contaminated habitats impact the morphology of adult common toads (Bufo bufo) ; and (iii) experimentally measured the influence of a molecule frequently detected in the environment on common toad tadpoles’ growth. Results show that reptiles efficiently accumulate organic pollutants and metal trace elements in their tissues, and thereby allow efficient evaluation of the global contamination of an area, as well as the occurrence of localized pollution events. In addition, our work shows an influence of the agricultural habitat on the morphology of adult common toads, which is potentially a consequence of the presence of chemicals in these environments. Finally, we were able to demonstrate an effect of low concentrations of AMPA, the main metabolite of glyphosate, on the development of common toad tadpoles. Amphibians are therefore efficient organisms to study the impact of environmental contamination on individual characteristics. Our work shows the usefulness of certain species of reptiles and amphibians as sentinel species for the presence of contaminants in the environment, and their potential impact on organisms. Ecotoxicological studies on these organisms remain too scarce, and it is imperative to develop research in this field, to participate effectively in the assessment of environmental risk
Lee, Yi-Nung, und 李怡儂. „Species diversity of leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in the primary forest and plantations in Xitou: a potential bioindicator for forest ecosystems“. Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6w7a25.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle國立臺灣大學
昆蟲學研究所
104
The main purpose of this research is to obtain an understanding of species diversity of leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in the different forest environment in Xitou Nature Education Area, and try to estimate the potential of using leaf beetles as bioindicators in forest ecosystems. Four 500 meters transects are set through the plantations (red cypress, Japanese cedar, Moso bamboo, and broad-leaved plantation) and one 500 meters transect are set through the natural broad-leaved forest, and insects are collected by sweeping alone each transect once a month from November 2014 to April 2016. Totally, 1,744 individuals of leaf beetles are collected which belong to 68 species and 45 genera. However, 3 species in natural broad-leaved forest, 4 species in red cypress plantation, 2 species in Moso bamboo plantation, and 5 species in broad-leaved plantation were considered potential bioindicators based on a modified Indicator species analysis. The Shannon‘s diversity index and Pielou’s evenness index are applied in comparing the amount of species and quantity of leaf beetles in the different transects. The result shows that species diversity of leaf beetles are lower in Japanese cadar plantation, but higher in broad-leaved plantation and natural forest. The environmental factors that are related to species diversity of leaf beetles in different forest systems are analyzed by the Redundancy Analysis (RDA). The result shows that the species quantity of understory plants, illumination (including Whole Light Sky Space and Diffuse Non-interceptance) and alttitude of transects have significantly influence on the chrysomelid species assemblages. We offer inventories and potential bioindicator species of leaf beetles of five transects in Xitou Nature Education Area, and discuss the environmental factors that affecting species diversity of leaf beetles in different forest systems.
Pessoa, Tiago André Camões. „MICROPLASTIC CONTAMINATION IN TWO RESIDENT SPECIES FROM THE MONDEGO ESTUARY (PORTUGAL) THE COMMON COCKLE (CERASTODERMA EDULE) AND THE EUROPEAN GREEN CRAB (CARCINUS MAENAS)“. Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/98274.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA ingestão de microplásticos (<5 mm) por espécies aquáticas é uma das actuais ameaças ambientais, especialmente para o consumo humano. Este estudo analisa a presença de microplásticos e as suas características em duas espécies de bentos com elevado interesse comercial, o caranguejo verde europeu (Carcinus maenas) e o berbigão comum (Cerastoderma edule), recolhidos no estuário do Mondego, utilizado como um estudo de caso. As guelras e o sistema digestivo de Carcinus maenas, foram também analisados para avaliar a principal forma de interação entre estes indivíduos e microplásticos, por respiração ou ingestão de presas.Foram extraídos um total de 142 microplásticos, variando de 0.052 mm a um máximo de 6.313 mm de comprimento. Foram observadas diferenças significativas no número de microplásticos entre Carcinus maenas e Cerastoderma edule (p<0,05) e foram mais elevados em Carcinus maenas (90%) do que em Cerastoderma edule (72%). Foram analisadas amostras do sistema digestivo e brânquias de caranguejos e foram observados 73 microplásticos e foram encontrados números mais elevados de microplásticos no sistema digestivo em comparação com as brânquias (M=58 e M=15, respetivamente). Em geral, a forma mais comum dos microplásticos observados foram as fibras (84,5%) e a cor mais comum foi o azul (61,19%). Além disso, foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os níveis de microplásticos de acordo com o órgão alvo analisado em Carcinus maenas (p<0,05), mostrando que a principal forma de interacção de microplásticos nesta espécie era através da ingestão. Outro resultado relevante foi uma correlação negativa, nos machos de Carcinus maenas, entre o peso e a ingestão de microplásticos.Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que Carcinus maenas poderia ser uma espécie bioindicadora apropriada para a avaliação da poluição de microplásticos em zonas de transição. Além disso, os resultados obtidos são importantes, uma vez que relatam a presença de microplásticos em espécies com elevado interesse comercial.Este estudo mostra pela primeira vez a presença de microplásticos em Carcinus maenas (brânquias e sistemas digestivos) em Portugal.
The ingestion of microplastics (<5 mm) by aquatic species is one of the current important environmental threats, specially to human consumption. This study analyzes the presence of microplastics and their characteristics in two benthic species with high commercial interest, the European green crab (Carcinus maenas) and the common cockle (Cerastoderma edule), collected from Mondego estuary, used as a case study. The gills and digestive system of Carcinus maenas, were also analyzed to assess the main gateway of interaction between individuals and microplastics, by respiration or prey ingestion.A total of 142 microplastics from both species were recovered, ranged from 0.052 mm to a maximum of 6.313 mm in length. Significant differences were observed in the number of microplastics between Carcinus maenas and Cerastoderma edule (p<0.05) and were higher in Carcinus maenas (90%) than in Cerastoderma edule (72%). Samples of digestive system and gills of crabs were analyzed and 73 microplastics were reported and higher quantities of microplastics were found in the digestive system compared to gills (M=58 and M=15, respectively). In general, the most common shape of microplastics observed was fibers (84.5%) and the most common color was blue (61.19%). In addition, significant differences were observed between the levels of microplastics according to the target organ analyzed in Carcinus maenas (p<0.05), showing that the principal way of microplastic interaction in this species was via ingestion. Another relevant result was a negative correlation, in males of Carcinus maenas, between weight and microplastics ingestion.The results of this study that suggests Carcinus maenas could be an appropriate bioindicator species for the assessment of microplastic pollution in transitional zones. In addition, the results obtained are important as they report the presence of microplastics in species with high interest commercial.This study shows for the first time the presence of microplastics in Carcinus maenas (gills and digestive systems) from Portugal.
Outro - Este trabalho é financiado por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., no âmbito do projeto UIDB/04292/2020 – MARE - Centro de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente
Pessoa, Tiago André Camões. „Microplastic contamination in two resident species from the Mondego Estuary (Portugal) the common cockle (Cerastoderma Edule) and the european green crab (Carcinus Maenas)“. Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/98430.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA ingestão de microplásticos (<5 mm) por espécies aquáticas é uma das actuais ameaças ambientais, especialmente para o consumo humano. Este estudo analisa a presença de microplásticos e as suas características em duas espécies de bentos com elevado interesse comercial, o caranguejo verde europeu (Carcinus maenas) e o berbigão comum (Cerastoderma edule), recolhidos no estuário do Mondego, utilizado como um estudo de caso. As guelras e o sistema digestivo de Carcinus maenas, foram também analisados para avaliar a principal forma de interação entre estes indivíduos e microplásticos, por respiração ou ingestão de presas.Foram extraídos um total de 142 microplásticos, variando de 0.052 mm a um máximo de 6.313 mm de comprimento. Foram observadas diferenças significativas no número de microplásticos entre Carcinus maenas e Cerastoderma edule (p<0,05) e foram mais elevados em Carcinus maenas (90%) do que em Cerastoderma edule (72%). Foram analisadas amostras do sistema digestivo e brânquias de caranguejos e foram observados 73 microplásticos e foram encontrados números mais elevados de microplásticos no sistema digestivo em comparação com as brânquias (M=58 e M=15, respetivamente). Em geral, a forma mais comum dos microplásticos observados foram as fibras (84,5%) e a cor mais comum foi o azul (61,19%). Além disso, foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os níveis de microplásticos de acordo com o órgão alvo analisado em Carcinus maenas (p<0,05), mostrando que a principal forma de interacção de microplásticos nesta espécie era através da ingestão. Outro resultado relevante foi uma correlação negativa, nos machos de Carcinus maenas, entre o peso e a ingestão de microplásticos.Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que Carcinus maenas poderia ser uma espécie bioindicadora apropriada para a avaliação da poluição de microplásticos em zonas de transição. Além disso, os resultados obtidos são importantes, uma vez que relatam a presença de microplásticos em espécies com elevado interesse comercial.Este estudo mostra pela primeira vez a presença de microplásticos em Carcinus maenas (brânquias e sistemas digestivos) em Portugal.
The ingestion of microplastics (<5 mm) by aquatic species is one of the current important environmental threats, specially to human consumption. This study analyzes the presence of microplastics and their characteristics in two benthic species with high commercial interest, the European green crab (Carcinus maenas) and the common cockle (Cerastoderma edule), collected from Mondego estuary, used as a case study. The gills and digestive system of Carcinus maenas, were also analyzed to assess the main gateway of interaction between individuals and microplastics, by respiration or prey ingestion.A total of 142 microplastics from both species were recovered, ranged from 0.052 mm to a maximum of 6.313 mm in length. Significant differences were observed in the number of microplastics between Carcinus maenas and Cerastoderma edule (p<0.05) and were higher in Carcinus maenas (90%) than in Cerastoderma edule (72%). Samples of digestive system and gills of crabs were analyzed and 73 microplastics were reported and higher quantities of microplastics were found in the digestive system compared to gills (M=58 and M=15, respectively). In general, the most common shape of microplastics observed was fibers (84.5%) and the most common color was blue (61.19%). In addition, significant differences were observed between the levels of microplastics according to the target organ analyzed in Carcinus maenas (p<0.05), showing that the principal way of microplastic interaction in this species was via ingestion. Another relevant result was a negative correlation, in males of Carcinus maenas, between weight and microplastics ingestion.The results of this study that suggests Carcinus maenas could be an appropriate bioindicator species for the assessment of microplastic pollution in transitional zones. In addition, the results obtained are important as they report the presence of microplastics in species with high interest commercial.This study shows for the first time the presence of microplastics in Carcinus maenas (gills and digestive systems) from Portugal.
Outro - Este trabalho é financiado por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., no âmbito do projeto UIDB/04292/2020 – MARE - Centro de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente
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