Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Biochemistry [mesh]“
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Fielding, Andrew M., und Anne Powell. „Using Medline to achieve an evidence-based approach to diagnostic clinical biochemistry“. Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 39, Nr. 4 (01.07.2002): 345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/000456302760042461.
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Medline is the US National Library of Medicine database that is used for searching the medical biochemistry literature. The database is structured using medical subject subheadings (MeSH terms) to classify the content of references; indexing is done manually using MeSH terms as key words. Searching the database effectively means finding the maximum number of relevant references together with the minimum number of irrelevant ones. This article is aimed at explaining the limitations of Medline and suggesting some solutions to key problems. The goal is that users can improve their literature search technique by employing a structured approach. As usual, asking relevant questions before starting a search is essential.
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Uberoi, Pansy, Wai Lee, Alvaro Lucioni, Kathleen C. Kobashi und Una J. Lee. „Vaginal Mesh Survivorship“. Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports 15, Nr. 2 (11.05.2020): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11884-020-00581-5.
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Birbilis, Th, E. Theodoropoulou, Ag Birbili, S. Dimas und V. Leutsakos. „A Preliminary Report on the Use of Relon Mesh in the Repair of Eventrations with Large Parietal Defects. An Experimental Study in Rats“. Journal of International Medical Research 25, Nr. 3 (Mai 1997): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030006059702500303.
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This experimental study in rats was designed to investigate the tolerability and the mode of healing when commercial relon mesh is used in the repair of large abdominal-wall defects. A defect was created to simulate anatomical derangement of the abdominal wall and a surgical correction was performed using relon mesh. The mesh was implanted intraperitoneally in 18 Wistar albino rats. The animals were killed under anaesthesia 4, 6, 8, 12, 15 or 30 days later and the intra-abdominal viscera were examined macroscopically for adhesions and other evidence of inflammatory reactions. Skin healing usually occurred within 7 — 8 days of surgery. Microscopic studies were used to confirm the gross findings and showed that maturation of granulation tissue, fibrocyte invasion with encapsulation of the mesh and the appearance of newly formed vessels occurred 2 weeks after surgery. Within 4 weeks a strong layer of connective tissue was present. The relon mesh was tolerated well. These results indicate that the use of relon mesh may provide a cheap alternative means of repairing large abdominal-wall defects.
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Seifalian, Amelia, Zeinab Basma, Alex Digesu und Vikram Khullar. „Polypropylene Pelvic Mesh: What Went Wrong and What Will Be of the Future?“ Biomedicines 11, Nr. 3 (01.03.2023): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11030741.
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Background: Polypropylene (PP) pelvic mesh is a synthetic mesh made of PP polymer used to treat pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Its use has become highly controversial due to reports of serious complications. This research critically reviews the current management options for POP and PP mesh as a viable clinical application for the treatment of POP. The safety and suitability of PP material were rigorously studied and critically evaluated, with consideration to the mechanical and chemical properties of PP. We proposed the ideal properties of the ‘perfect’ synthetic pelvic mesh with emerging advanced materials. Methods: We performed a literature review using PubMed/Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library (Wiley) databases, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases, including the relevant keywords: pelvic organ prolapse (POP), polypropylene mesh, synthetic mesh, and mesh complications. Results: The results of this review found that although PP is nontoxic, its physical properties demonstrate a significant mismatch between its viscoelastic properties compared to the surrounding tissue, which is a likely cause of complications. In addition, a lack of integration of PP mesh into surrounding tissue over longer periods of follow up is another risk factor for irreversible complications. Conclusions: PP mesh has caused a rise in reports of complications involving chronic pain and mesh exposure. This is due to the mechanical and physicochemical properties of PP mesh. As a result, PP mesh for the treatment of POP has been banned in multiple countries, currently with no alternative available. We propose the development of a pelvic mesh using advanced materials including emerging graphene-based nanocomposite materials.
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Lin, Chia-Ju, Chih-Ku Liu, Hsiao-Yun Hsieh, Ming-Jer Chen und Ching-Pei Tsai. „Modified Vaginal Mesh Procedure with DynaMesh®-PR4 for the Treatment of Anterior/Apical Vaginal Prolapse“. Diagnostics 13, Nr. 18 (18.09.2023): 2991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13182991.
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(1) Background: Treating female pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is challenging. Surgical meshes have been used in transvaginal surgeries since the 1990s, but complications such as mesh exposure and infection have been reported. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) mesh, known for its stability and non-reactive properties, has shown promise in urogynecological surgeries. (2) Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 27 patients who underwent a modified PVDF vaginal mesh repair procedure using DynaMesh®-PR4 and combined trans-obturator and sacrospinous fixation techniques. Additional surgeries were performed as needed. (3) Results: The mean operation time was 56.7 min, and the mean blood loss was 66.7 mL. The average hospitalization period was 4.2 days with Foley catheter removal after 2 days. Patients experienced lower pain scores from the day of the operation to the following day. Postoperative follow-up revealed that 85.2% of patients achieved anatomic success, with 14.8% experiencing recurrent stage II cystocele. No recurrence of apical prolapse was observed. Complications were rare, with one case (3.7%) of asymptomatic mesh protrusion. (4) Conclusions: The modified vaginal mesh procedure using DynaMesh®-PR4 showed favorable outcomes with a short operation time, low recurrence rate, rare complications, and improved functional outcomes. This surgical option could be considered for anterior and apical pelvic organ prolapse in women.
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Palmer, Cristina J., und Gamal Ghoniem. „Management of Mesh-Related Pelvic Inflammation“. Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports 13, Nr. 4 (26.09.2018): 201–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11884-018-0489-9.
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Xie, Hualong, Yuqing Feng, Qunfeng Bi, Xiaofei Ma und Junfeng Zhao. „Biomimetic Design of a New Semi-Rigid Spatial Mesh Antenna Reflector“. Biomimetics 9, Nr. 2 (25.01.2024): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics9020074.
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The reflective surface accuracy (RSA) of traditional space mesh antennas typically ranges from 0.2 to 6 mmRMS. To improve the RSA, an active control scheme can be employed, although it presents challenges in determining the installation position of the actuator. In this study, we propose a novel design for a semi-rigid cable mesh that combines rigid members and a flexible woven mesh, drawing inspiration from both rigid ribbed antennas and biomimicry. Initially, we investigate the planar mesh topology of spider webs and determine the bionic cable surface’s mesh topology based on the existing hexagonal meshing method, with RSA serving as the evaluation criterion. Subsequently, through motion simulations and careful observation, we establish the offset angle as the key design parameter for the bionic mesh and complete the design of the bionic cable mesh accordingly. Finally, by analyzing the impact of the node quantity on RSA, we determine a layout scheme for the flexible woven mesh with a variable number of nodes, ultimately settling for 26 nodes. Our results demonstrate that the inclusion of numerous rigid components on the bionic cable mesh surface offers viable installation positions for the actuator of the space mesh antenna. The reflector accuracy achieved is 0.196 mmRMS, slightly surpassing the lower limit of reflector accuracy observed in most traditional space-space mesh antennas. This design presents a fresh research perspective on combining active control schemes with reflective surfaces, offering the potential to enhance the RSA of traditional rigid rib antennas to a certain extent.
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Oda, Tetsuya. „A Delaunay Edges and Simulated Annealing-Based Integrated Approach for Mesh Router Placement Optimization in Wireless Mesh Networks“. Sensors 23, Nr. 3 (17.01.2023): 1050. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23031050.
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Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) can build a communications infrastructure using only routers (called mesh routers), making it possible to form networks over a wide area at low cost. The mesh routers cover clients (called mesh clients), allowing mesh clients to communicate with different nodes. Since the communication performance of WMNs is affected by the position of mesh routers, the communication performance can be improved by optimizing the mesh router placement. In this paper, we present a Coverage Construction Method (CCM) that optimizes mesh router placement. In addition, we propose an integrated optimization approach that combine Simulated Annealing (SA) and Delaunay Edges (DE) in CCM to improve the performance of mesh router placement optimization. The proposed approach can build and provide a communication infrastructure by WMNs in disaster environments. We consider a real scenario for the placement of mesh clients in an evacuation area of Kurashiki City, Japan. From the simulation results, we found that the proposed approach can optimize the placement of mesh routers in order to cover all mesh clients in the evacuation area. Additionally, the DECCM-based SA approach covers more mesh clients than the CCM-based SA approach on average and can improve network connectivity of WMNs.
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Zubair, Mohammed, Mohammed Zulkifly Abdullah und Kamarul Arifin Ahmad. „Hybrid Mesh for Nasal Airflow Studies“. Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/727362.
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The accuracy of the numerical result is closely related to mesh density as well as its distribution. Mesh plays a very significant role in the outcome of numerical simulation. Many nasal airflow studies have employed unstructured mesh and more recently hybrid mesh scheme has been utilized considering the complexity of anatomical architecture. The objective of this study is to compare the results of hybrid mesh with unstructured mesh and study its effect on the flow parameters inside the nasal cavity. A three-dimensional nasal cavity model is reconstructed based on computed tomographic images of a healthy Malaysian adult nose. Navier-Stokes equation for steady airflow is solved numerically to examine inspiratory nasal flow. The pressure drop obtained using the unstructured computational grid is about 22.6 Pa for a flow rate of 20 L/min, whereas the hybrid mesh resulted in 17.8 Pa for the same flow rate. The maximum velocity obtained at the nasal valve using unstructured grid is 4.18 m/s and that with hybrid mesh is around 4.76 m/s. Hybrid mesh reported lower grid convergence index (GCI) than the unstructured mesh. Significant differences between unstructured mesh and hybrid mesh are determined highlighting the usefulness of hybrid mesh for nasal airflow studies.
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Tang, Jiawei, Mingyang Lu, Yuedong Xie und Wuliang Yin. „A Novel Efficient FEM Thin Shell Model for Bio-Impedance Analysis“. Biosensors 10, Nr. 6 (17.06.2020): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios10060069.
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In this paper, a novel method for accelerating eddy currents calculation on a cell model using the finite element method (FEM) is presented. Due to the tiny thickness of cell membrane, a full-mesh cell model requires a large number of mesh elements and hence intensive computation resources and long time. In this paper, an acceleration method is proposed to reduce the number of mesh elements and therefore reduce the computing time. It is based on the principle of replacing the thin cell membrane with an equivalent thicker structure. The method can reduce the number of mesh elements to 23% and the computational time to 17%, with an error of less than 1%. The method was verified using 2D and 3D finite element methods and can potentially be extended to other thin shell structures. The simulation results were validated by measurement and analytical results.
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Kan, Cheuk Wai, und Annelise E. Barron. „A DNA sieving matrix with thermally tunable mesh size“. ELECTROPHORESIS 24, Nr. 12 (Januar 2003): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.200390031.
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Khang, Seungwoo, Taeyong Park, Junwoo Lee, Kyung Won Kim, Hyunjoo Song und Jeongjin Lee. „Computer-Aided Breast Surgery Framework Using a Markerless Augmented Reality Method“. Diagnostics 12, Nr. 12 (11.12.2022): 3123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12123123.
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This study proposes a markerless Augmented Reality (AR) surgical framework for breast lesion removal using a depth sensor and 3D breast Computed Tomography (CT) images. A patient mesh in the real coordinate system is acquired through a patient 3D scan using a depth sensor for registration. The patient mesh on the virtual coordinate system is obtained by contrast-based skin segmentation in 3D mesh generated from breast CT scans. Then, the nipple area is detected based on the gradient in the segmented skin area. The region of interest (ROI) is set based on the detection result to select the vertices in the virtual coordinate system. The mesh on the real and virtual coordinate systems is first aligned by matching the center of mass, and the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) method is applied to perform more precise registration. Experimental results of 20 patients’ data showed 98.35 ± 0.71% skin segmentation accuracy in terms of Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) value, 2.79 ± 1.54 mm nipple detection error, and 4.69 ± 1.95 mm registration error. Experiments using phantom and patient data also confirmed high accuracy in AR visualization. The proposed method in this study showed that the 3D AR visualization of medical data on the patient’s body is possible by using a single depth sensor without having to use markers.
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Gilodo, A. Y., A. M. Arsiriy, Yu A. Somina und I. S. Oliynyk. „EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF MESH ELEMENTS GLULAM DOME“. Modern structures of metal and wood, Nr. 27 (Juli 2023): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31650/2707-3068-2023-27-13-18.
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To study the stress-strain state of the mesh dome model with the diameter 4 m, the series of glulam rods were prepared for the central compression test. The tests were carried out in the laboratory of the Department of Metal, Wooden and Plastic Structures. The stresses at the distinguished points of the elements were determined through the deformations using the resistance strain sensors. The feature of prismatic samples was the presence of stress concentrators in the support zones in the form of the holes for the location of universal connectors [3]. The significant sizes of the model made it possible to minimize the influence of the scaling factor on the obtained results. The general conclusion of the study should be considered high bearing capacity of the tested samples. The destruction of the samples took place in the support zone due to the crushing of the wood. The next tasks of the research will be the optimization of the elements sizes and testing of the dome model. The cross-section of the elements, in addition to providing the load-bearing capacity, is affected by the need to obtain certain thermotechnical characteristics of the enclosure, i.e. the elements of the dome must have the dimensions that allow placing a layer of effective insulation in their plane. A separate task is the selection of the roof, which can be considered exclusively as a part of the permanent load on the supporting system, or as a continuous shell that unfastens the frame
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Li, Chengming, Wei Wu, Pengda Wu, Jie Yin und Peipei Guo. „An elimination method for isolated meshes in a road network considering stroke edge feature“. PLOS ONE 15, Nr. 11 (30.11.2020): e0239828. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239828.
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The road network is the skeletal element of topographic maps at different scales. In general, urban roads are connected by road segments, thus forming a series of road meshes. Mesh elimination is a key step in evaluating the importance of roads during the road network data management and a prerequisite to the implementation of continuous multiscale spatial representation of road networks. The existing mesh-based method is an advanced road elimination method whereby meshes with the largest density are sequentially selected and road segments with the least importance in each mesh are eliminated. However, the road connectivity and integrity may be destroyed in specific areas by this method because some eliminated road segments could be located in the middle of road strokes. Therefore, this paper proposed an elimination method for isolated meshes in a road network considering stroke edge feature. First, small meshes were identified by using mesh density thresholds, which can be obtained by the sample data statistical algorithm. Thereafter, the small meshes related to the edge segments of road strokes were taken out and defined as stroke edge meshes, and the remaining small meshes were defined as stroke non-edge meshes. Second, by computing the mesh density of all stroke edge meshes, the mesh with the largest density was selected as the starting mesh, and the least important edge segment in the mesh was eliminated. The difference between the existing mesh-based method and the proposed method is that the starting mesh is a stroke edge mesh, not any given small mesh, and the eliminated segment is just only one of edge segments of strokes not chosen from among all segments. Third, mesh elimination was implemented by iteratively processing the stroke edge meshes with the largest mesh density until all of them were eliminated and their mesh density exceeded the threshold. The stroke non-edge meshes were directly preserved. Finally, a 1:10,000 topographic road map of an area in Jiangsu Province of China was used for validation. The experimental results show that for all stroke non-edge meshes and 23% of the stroke edge meshes, compared to the mesh-based method, the road stroke connectivity and integrity of road strokes were better preserved by the proposed method, and the remaining 77% of the elimination results for the stroke edge meshes were the same under the two methods.
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Kanazawa, Shinji, Satoshi Shimizu, Shigeki Kajihara, Norio Mukai, Junko Iida und Fumio Matsuda. „Automated Recommendation of Research Keywords from PubMed That Suggest the Molecular Mechanism Associated with Biomarker Metabolites“. Metabolites 12, Nr. 2 (01.02.2022): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo12020133.
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Metabolomics can help identify candidate biomarker metabolites whose levels are altered in response to disease development or drug administration. However, assessment of the underlying molecular mechanism is challenging considering it depends on the researcher’s knowledge. This study reports a novel method for the automated recommendation of keywords known in the literature that may be overlooked by researchers. The proposed method aided in the identification of Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms in PubMed using MeSH co-occurrence data. The intended users are biocurators who have identified specific biomarker metabolites from a metabolomics study and would like to identify literature-reported molecular mechanisms that are associated with both the metabolite and their research area of interest. The proposed method finds MeSH terms that co-occur with a MeSH term of the candidate biomarker metabolite as well as a MeSH term of a researcher’s known keyword, such as the name of a disease. The connectivity score S was determined using association analysis. Pilot analyses demonstrated that, while the biological significance of the obtained MeSH terms could not be guaranteed, the developed method can be useful for finding keywords to further investigate molecular mechanisms in association with candidate biomarker molecules.
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Névéol, Aurélie, James G. Mork und Alan R. Aronson. „Comment on ‘MeSH-up: effective MeSH text classification for improved document retrieval’“. Bioinformatics 25, Nr. 20 (11.08.2009): 2770–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btp483.
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Ghori, Muhammad Rizwan, Tat-Chee Wan und Gian Chand Sodhy. „Bluetooth Low Energy Mesh Networks: Survey of Communication and Security Protocols“. Sensors 20, Nr. 12 (25.06.2020): 3590. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20123590.
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Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Mesh Networks enable flexible and reliable communications for low-power Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Most BLE-based mesh protocols are implemented as overlays on top of the standard Bluetooth star topologies while using piconets and scatternets. Nonetheless, mesh topology support has increased the vulnerability of BLE to security threats, since a larger number of devices can participate in a BLE Mesh network. To address these concerns, BLE version 5 enhanced existing BLE security features to deal with various authenticity, integrity, and confidentiality issues. However, there is still a lack of detailed studies related to these new security features. This survey examines the most recent BLE-based mesh network protocols and related security issues. In the first part, the latest BLE-based mesh communication protocols are discussed. The analysis shows that the implementation of BLE pure mesh protocols remains an open research issue. Moreover, there is a lack of auto-configuration mechanisms in order to support bootstrapping of BLE pure mesh networks. In the second part, recent BLE-related security issues and vulnerabilities are highlighted. Strong Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are essential for detecting security breaches in order to protect against zero-day exploits. Nonetheless, viable IDS solutions for BLE Mesh networks remain a nascent research area. Consequently, a comparative survey of IDS approaches for related low-power wireless protocols was used to map out potential approaches for enhancing IDS solutions for BLE Mesh networks.
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London, Howard, David J. Saville, Charles N. Merfield, Oluwashola Olaniyan und Stephen D. Wratten. „The ability of the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) to penetrate mesh crop covers used to protect potato crops against tomato potato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli)“. PeerJ 8 (07.08.2020): e9317. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9317.
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In Central and North America, Australia and New Zealand, potato (Solanum tuberosum) crops are attacked by Bactericera cockerelli, the tomato potato psyllid (TPP). ‘Mesh crop covers’ which are used in Europe and Israel to protect crops from insect pests, have been used experimentally in New Zealand for TPP control. While the covers have been effective for TPP management, the green peach aphid (GPA, Myzus persicae) has been found in large numbers under the mesh crop covers. This study investigated the ability of the GPA to penetrate different mesh hole sizes. Experiments using four sizes (0.15 × 0.15, 0.15 × 0.35, 0.3 × 0.3 and 0.6 × 0.6 mm) were carried out under laboratory conditions to investigate: (i) which mesh hole size provided the most effective barrier to GPA; (ii) which morph of adult aphids (apterous or alate) and/or their progeny could breach the mesh crop cover; (iii) would leaves touching the underside of the cover, as opposed to having a gap between leaf and the mesh, increase the number of aphids breaching the mesh; and (iv) could adults feed on leaves touching the cover by putting only their heads and/or stylets through it? No adult aphids, either alate or apterous, penetrated the mesh crop cover; only nymphs did this, the majority being the progeny of alate adults. Nymphs of the smaller alatae aphids penetrated the three coarsest mesh sizes; nymphs of the larger apterae penetrated the two coarsest sizes, but no nymphs penetrated the smallest mesh size. There was no statistical difference in the number of aphids breaching the mesh crop cover when the leaflets touched its underside compared to when there was a gap between leaf and mesh crop cover. Adults did not feed through the mesh crop cover, though they may have been able to sense the potato leaflet using visual and/or olfactory cues and produce nymphs as a result. As these covers are highly effective for managing TPP on field potatoes, modifications of this protocol are required to make it effective against aphids as well as TPP.
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Kim, Seong Uk, Jihyun Roh, Hyeonseung Im und Jongmin Kim. „Anisotropic SpiralNet for 3D Shape Completion and Denoising“. Sensors 22, Nr. 17 (27.08.2022): 6457. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22176457.
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Three-dimensional mesh post-processing is an important task because low-precision hardware and a poor capture environment will inevitably lead to unordered point clouds with unwanted noise and holes that should be suitably corrected while preserving the original shapes and details. Although many 3D mesh data-processing approaches have been proposed over several decades, the resulting 3D mesh often has artifacts that must be removed and loses important original details that should otherwise be maintained. To address these issues, we propose a novel 3D mesh completion and denoising system with a deep learning framework that reconstructs a high-quality mesh structure from input mesh data with several holes and various types of noise. We build upon SpiralNet by using a variational deep autoencoder with anisotropic filters that apply different convolutional filters to each vertex of the 3D mesh. Experimental results show that the proposed method enhances the reconstruction quality and achieves better accuracy compared to previous neural network systems.
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Ferreira, Pedro Leite, und Dídia Isabel Cameira Covas. „New Optimized Equal-Area Mesh Used in Axisymmetric Models for Laminar Transient Flows“. Water 15, Nr. 7 (04.04.2023): 1402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15071402.
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The current paper aims at assessing the effect of the radial mesh on the description of the axial velocity in steady-state and transient conditions and at presenting the results of a new optimized equal-area mesh. For this purpose, a quasi-2D model is implemented and tested for different mesh configurations and sizes. A new two-region mesh geometry with 40 cylinders is proposed to optimize the description of the wall shear stress immediately after each pressure variation. This mesh is composed of two regions: one with a high-resolution near the pipe wall and the second with a coarser grid in the pipe core. Different configurations of this mesh are analysed for both steady and unsteady conditions. Results are compared with those obtained by a 1D model and with experimental data for laminar flows, discussed in terms of the computation effort and accuracy. The proposed two-region mesh has demonstrated: (i) a reduction in the simulation error by five times when compared with standard meshes for the same computational effort and for the instantaneous valve closure; (ii) an important improvement in accuracy for an experimental S-shape valve maneuver, particularly for meshes with few cylinders; and (iii) a correct description of the transient pressures collected in the experimental tests.
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Gao, Mengran, Ningjun Ruan, Junpeng Shi und Wanli Zhou. „Deep Neural Network for 3D Shape Classification Based on Mesh Feature“. Sensors 22, Nr. 18 (17.09.2022): 7040. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22187040.
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Virtual reality, driverless cars, and robotics all make extensive use of 3D shape classification. One of the most popular ways to represent 3D data is with polygonal meshes. In particular, triangular mesh is frequently employed. A triangular mesh has more features than 3D data formats such as voxels, multi-views, and point clouds. The current challenge is to fully utilize and extract useful information from mesh data. In this paper, a 3D shape classification network based on triangular mesh and graph convolutional neural networks was suggested. The triangular face of this model was viewed as a unit. By obtaining an adjacency matrix from mesh data, graph convolutional neural networks can be utilized to process mesh data. The studies were performed on the ModelNet40 dataset with an accuracy of 91.0%, demonstrating that the classification network in this research may produce effective results.
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Helmedag, Marius J., Daniel Heise, Roman M. Eickhoff, Sophia M. Schmitz, Mare Mechelinck, Caroline Emonts, Tim Bolle et al. „Ultra-Fine Polyethylene Hernia Meshes Improve Biocompatibility and Reduce Intraperitoneal Adhesions in IPOM Position in Animal Models“. Biomedicines 10, Nr. 6 (31.05.2022): 1294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10061294.
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(1) Introduction: The intraperitoneal onlay mesh technique (IPOM) is widely used to repair incisional hernias. This method has advantages but suffers from complications due to intraperitoneal adhesion formation between the mesh and intestine. An ideal mesh minimizes adhesions and shows good biocompatibility. To address this, newly developed multifilamentous polyethylene (PET) meshes were constructed from sub-macrophage-sized monofilaments and studied regarding biocompatibility and adhesion formation. (2) Methods: We investigated fine (FPET, 72 filaments, 11 µm diameter each) and ultra-fine multifilament (UFPET, 700 filaments, 3 µm diameter each) polyethylene meshes for biocompatibility in subcutaneous implantation in rats. Adhesion formation was analyzed in the IPOM position in rabbits. Geometrically identical mono-filamentous polypropylene (PP) Bard Soft® PP meshes were used for comparison. Histologic and immune-histologic foreign body reactions were assessed in 48 rats after 7 or 21 days (four mesh types, with two different mesh types per rat; n = 6 per mesh type). Additionally, two different mesh types each were placed in the IPOM position in 24 rabbits to compile the Diamond peritoneal adhesion score after the same timeframes. The biocompatibility and adhesion score differences were analyzed with the Kruskal–Wallis nonparametric statistical test. (3) Results: Overall, FPET and, especially, UFPET showed significantly smaller foreign body granulomas compared to PP meshes. Longer observation periods enhanced the differences. Immunohistology showed no significant differences in the cellular immune response and proliferation. UFPET demonstrated significantly reduced peritoneal adhesion formation compared to all other tested meshes after 21 days. (4) Conclusions: Overall, FPET and, especially, UFPET demonstrated their suitability for IPOM hernia meshes in animal models by improving major aspects of the foreign body reaction and reducing adhesion formation.
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Im, Changhyeon, Wongu Seo, Seulgi Park, Kihun Kim, Sungkyun Park und Hosung Choo. „Design of a Deployable Broadband Mesh Reflector Antenna for a SIGINT Satellite System Considering Surface Shape Deformation“. Sensors 24, Nr. 2 (08.01.2024): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24020384.
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In this paper, we propose a deployable broadband mesh reflector antenna for use in signals intelligence (SIGINT) satellite systems, considering performance degradation due to shape deformation. To maximize gain by increasing the diameter of the reflector while reducing the weight of the antenna, the reflector of the antenna is designed using lightweight silver-coated Teflon mesh. The mesh reflectors are typically expanded by tension to maintain their parabolic structure; thus, shape deformation cannot be avoided. This shape deformation results in shape differences between the surface of the mesh reflector and the ideal parabolic reflector, thus resulting in the degradation of the performance of the mesh reflector antenna. To observe this degradation, we analyze antenna performance according to the number of arms, the number of joints, the feed distance, and the distance from the reflector center to each joint. The performance of the mesh reflector antenna is examined using an effective lossy conducting surface (ELCS) that has the same reflectivity as the silver-coated Teflon mesh to reduce simulation time and computing resources. The designed silver-coated Teflon mesh reflector and the double-ridged feed antenna are fabricated, and the bore-sight gain is measured using the three-antenna method. The measured bore-sight gain of the proposed antenna is 31.6 dBi at 10 GHz, and the measured and simulated results show an average difference of 3.28 dB from 2 GHz to 18 GHz. The proposed deployable mesh reflector antenna can be used in a variety of applications where small stowed volume is required for mobility, such as mobile high-gain antennas as well as satellite antenna systems. Through this study, we demonstrate that shape deformation of the mesh reflector surface significantly affects the performance of reflector antennas.
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Wang, Ling, Chang Liu, Xing Fan, Chunxue Yang, Xiaolin Zhou und Zechong Guo. „Methane Promotion of Waste Sludge Anaerobic Digestion: Effect of Typical Metal Meshes on Community Evolution and Electron Transfer“. Water 14, Nr. 19 (04.10.2022): 3129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14193129.
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Anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge (WAS) to produce methane is a promising pathway for biomass energy recovery. However, a slow organic biodegradation rate and weak microbial cooperation between fermentation bacteria and methanogens lead to low methane production from WAS. Considering the reuse of conductive materials for the regulation of microbial communities, this study chose three kinds of high-mesh metal materials (nickel, copper, and stainless steel) to promote the anaerobic digestion process. All three kinds of metal mesh could effectively increase methane production, and the highest methane production was increased by 61%, reaching 77.52 mL gVSS−1. The poor biocompatibility of the stainless steel mesh was the least effective in promoting methane production compared to the biocompatible copper mesh and nickel mesh. The microbiological analysis found that the metal mesh with good biocompatibility can effectively induce and promote the enrichment of key microorganisms in the process of synergistic methane production, and the direct electron transfer process (DIET) of microorganisms on the metal surface contributes to the further improvement of the methane production efficiency. Therefore, the application of metal conductive materials in sludge anaerobic fermentation is feasible to achieve the retention of syntrophic bacteria and methanogens in the system.
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Yang, Bingzhong, Bent Herrmann, Lei Yan, Jie Li und Teng Wang. „Comparing size selectivity and exploitation pattern of diamond-mesh codends for Southern velvet shrimp (Metapenaeopsis palmensis) in shrimp trawl fishery of the South China Sea“. PeerJ 9 (02.11.2021): e12436. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12436.
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In this study, size selectivity and exploitation pattern of six diamond-mesh codends with different mesh sizes, ranging from 25 to 54 mm, for Southern velvet shrimp (Metapenaeopsis palmensis) were tested and compared in a shrimp trawl fishery of the South China Sea (SCS). We used a codend with a mesh size of 25 mm (D25) as a starting point, which is the minimum mesh size (MMS) currently regulated in the studied area. Four different fishing population scenarios were applied to quantify and compare how mesh sizes of codends used would impact the size selectivity and exploitation pattern for the target shrimp species. The results demonstrated that the D25 codend was not proper for protecting juvenile shrimp at the studied area. By applying this legal codend, L50 (50% retention length) of the target shrimp species was below its minimum conservation reference size (MCRS, 7.0 cm total length), the retention probability of shrimp with a length of MCRS was above 95% CI [91–99] and more than 43% of undersized shrimp was retained. To mitigate the bycatch issue of undersized shrimp, increasing the mesh size in the diamond mesh codend is a simple and effective option. However, the loss of catch efficiency for marketable shrimp is a major concern while increasing the mesh size. A good compromise between releasing undersized shrimp and maintaining the legal individuals is manifested by using the codend with 35 mm mesh size (D35). Our study will be beneficial for the management of shrimp trawl fisheries in the SCS.
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Moretti, Ana Iochabel, Wagner Marcondes, Paola Silva, Esther Rios, Alberto Goldenberg und Heraldo Possolo Souza. „P60. Increased nitric oxide generation after surgical mesh implant“. Nitric Oxide 19 (2008): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.niox.2008.06.157.
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Taram, Kobra, und Abbas Doulani. „A webometric analysis of major keywords and expressions in biochemistry using LexiURL Searcher“. Electronic Library 33, Nr. 6 (02.11.2015): 1163–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-03-2014-0054.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore webometric analysis of keywords and expressions of the biochemistry field of study via LexiURL Searcher. Design/methodology/approach – Interfaces for assisting users with information access have received considerable attention. Along with the extraction of data on Web sites for webometric purposes (e.g. link analysis, ranking of Web sites, etc.), LexiURL Searcher presents some information on the arrangement of links among different Web sites. Such capability enables users to identify one or more Web sites around their intended subject and, accordingly, explore all Web sites linked with their identified Web site(s). LexiURL Searcher has preceded webometric analysis by considering the main expressions and keywords derived from the MeSH database. Findings – The worldwide survey indicated that links from countries such as England, Japan, Germany, Australia and Canada were among the Web sites that are most used in biochemistry. Alternatively, other countries such as Singapore, Thailand and Poland had the most advantageous links to the outside world, whereas South Africa, New Zealand and The Netherlands had the least link effect. Biochemistry, being a specialized domain, would benefit greatly from site linking and would provide users the most assistance in information processing. Originality/value – Most webometric studies remain on the level of link analysis and Web site statuses; however, this paper gives information on the common thread Web sites based on a standard thesaurus.
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Alexandraki, Krystallenia I., Gregory A. Kaltsas, Niki Karavitaki und Ashley B. Grossman. „The Medical Therapy of Craniopharyngiomas: The Way Ahead“. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 104, Nr. 12 (01.08.2019): 5751–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2019-01299.
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AbstractContextCraniopharyngiomas, which are categorized as adamantinomatous (ACPs) or papillary (PCPs), have traditionally been treated with surgery and/or radiotherapy, although when the tumors progress or recur, therapeutic possibilities are very limited. Following recent advances in their molecular pathogenesis, new medical therapeutic options have emerged.Evidence AcquisitionThe search strategy that we selected to identify the appropriate evidence involved the following medical subject headings (MeSH) terms: (“Craniopharyngioma” [MeSH] AND “Craniopharyngioma/drug therapy” [MeSH]) NOT (“review” [Publication Type] OR “review literature as topic” [MeSH Terms] OR “review” [All Fields]) AND (“2009/05/01” [PDat]: “2019/04/28” [PDat]).Evidence SynthesisMutations of β-catenin causing Wnt activation with alterations of the MEK/ERK pathway are encountered in the great majority of patients with ACPs; specific alterations also stratify patients to a more aggressive behavior. In most PCPs there is primary activation of the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway secondary to BRAF-V600E mutations. BRAF inhibitors, such as dabrafenib or vemurafenib, either alone or in combination with the MEK inhibitors trametinib and cobimetinib, have been administered to patients with PCPs producing clinically useful and, in some cases, sustained responses. In contrast to PCPs, drugs targeting β-catenin and its downstream MAPK pathway in ACPs have so far only been used in in vitro studies, but there appear to be promising new targets clinically.ConclusionsThe identification of specific genetic alterations in patients with craniopharyngiomas has expanded the therapeutic options, providing evidence for a customized approach using newer molecular agents. More studies including a larger number of carefully selected patients are required to evaluate the response to currently available and evolving agents alone and in combination.
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Gu, Ke, WenBin Zhang, Se-Jung Lim, Pradip Kumar Sharma, Zafer Al-Makhadmeh und Amr Tolba. „Reusable Mesh Signature Scheme for Protecting Identity Privacy of IoT Devices“. Sensors 20, Nr. 3 (30.01.2020): 758. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20030758.
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The development of the Internet of Things (IoT) plays a very important role for processing data at the edge of a network. Therefore, it is very important to protect the privacy of IoT devices when these devices process and transfer data. A mesh signature (MS) is a useful cryptographic tool, which makes a signer sign any message anonymously. As a result, the signer can hide his specific identity information to the mesh signature, namely his identifying information (such as personal public key) may be hidden to a list of tuples that consist of public key and message. Therefore, we propose an improved mesh signature scheme for IoT devices in this paper. The IoT devices seen as the signers may sign their publishing data through our proposed mesh signature scheme, and their specific identities can be hidden to a list of possible signers. Additionally, mesh signature consists of some atomic signatures, where the atomic signatures can be reusable. Therefore, for a large amount of data published by the IoT devices, the atomic signatures on the same data can be reusable so as to decrease the number of signatures generated by the IoT devices in our proposed scheme. Compared with the original mesh signature scheme, the proposed scheme has less computational costs on generating final mesh signature and signature verification. Since atomic signatures are reusable, the proposed scheme has more advantages on generating final mesh signature by reconstructing atomic signatures. Furthermore, according to our experiment, when the proposed scheme generates a mesh signature on 10 MB message, the memory consumption is only about 200 KB. Therefore, it is feasible that the proposed scheme is used to protect the identity privacy of IoT devices.
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Bukreyev, Ivan, Hazal Yüksel, Ken Ho und Alyssa Apsel. „PCO-Based BLE Mesh Accelerator“. Sensors 22, Nr. 14 (16.07.2022): 5324. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22145324.
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Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) mesh networks enable diverse communication for the Internet of Things (IoT). However, existing BLE mesh implementations cannot simultaneously achieve low-power operation, symmetrical communication, and scalability. A major limitation of mesh networks is the inability of the BLE stack to handle network-scalable time synchronization. Pulse-coupled oscillators (PCOs) have been studied extensively and are able to achieve fast and reliable synchronization across a range of applications and network topologies. This paper presents a lightweight physical (PHY) layer accelerator to the BLE stack that enables scalable synchronization command with a PCO. The accelerator is a fully digital solution that can be synthesized with only the standard cells available in any silicon technology. This paper provides a detailed analysis of PCO-based BLE mesh networks and explores per-node system-level requirements. Finally, the analytical results are validated with measurements of a custom radio node based on the ubiquitous AD9364 transceiver.
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Majumder, Abhishek, und Sudipta Roy. „Design and Analysis of a Dynamic Mobility Management Scheme for Wireless Mesh Network“. Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/656259.
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Seamless mobility management of the mesh clients (MCs) in wireless mesh network (WMN) has drawn a lot of attention from the research community. A number of mobility management schemes such as mesh network with mobility management (MEMO), mesh mobility management (M3), and wireless mesh mobility management (WMM) have been proposed. The common problem with these schemes is that they impose uniform criteria on all the MCs for sending route update message irrespective of their distinct characteristics. This paper proposes a session-to-mobility ratio (SMR) based dynamic mobility management scheme for handling both internet and intranet traffic. To reduce the total communication cost, this scheme considers each MC’s session and mobility characteristics by dynamically determining optimal threshold SMR value for each MC. A numerical analysis of the proposed scheme has been carried out. Comparison with other schemes shows that the proposed scheme outperforms MEMO,M3, and WMM with respect to total cost.
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Kolandaivelu, Kumaran, Caroline C. O'Brien, Tarek Shazly, Elazer R. Edelman und Vijaya B. Kolachalama. „Enhancing physiologic simulations using supervised learning on coarse mesh solutions“. Journal of The Royal Society Interface 12, Nr. 104 (März 2015): 20141073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2014.1073.
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Computational modelling of physical and biochemical processes has emerged as a means of evaluating medical devices, offering new insights that explain current performance, inform future designs and even enable personalized use. Yet resource limitations force one to compromise with reduced order computational models and idealized assumptions that yield either qualitative descriptions or approximate, quantitative solutions to problems of interest. Considering endovascular drug delivery as an exemplary scenario, we used a supervised machine learning framework to process data generated from low fidelity coarse meshes and predict high fidelity solutions on refined mesh configurations. We considered two models simulating drug delivery to the arterial wall: (i) two-dimensional drug-coated balloons and (ii) three-dimensional drug-eluting stents. Simulations were performed on computational mesh configurations of increasing density. Supervised learners based on Gaussian process modelling were constructed from combinations of coarse mesh setting solutions of drug concentrations and nearest neighbourhood distance information as inputs, and higher fidelity mesh solutions as outputs. These learners were then used as computationally inexpensive surrogates to extend predictions using low fidelity information to higher levels of mesh refinement. The cross-validated, supervised learner-based predictions improved fidelity as compared with computational simulations performed at coarse level meshes—a result consistent across all outputs and computational models considered. Supervised learning on coarse mesh solutions can augment traditional physics-based modelling of complex physiologic phenomena. By obtaining efficient solutions at a fraction of the computational cost, this framework has the potential to transform how modelling approaches can be applied in the evaluation of medical technologies and their real-time administration in an increasingly personalized fashion.
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Trieschnigg, D., P. Pezik, V. Lee, F. de Jong, W. Kraaij und D. Rebholz-Schuhmann. „Response to comment on 'MeSH-up: effective MeSH text classification for improved document retrieval'“. Bioinformatics 25, Nr. 20 (24.08.2009): 2772. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btp484.
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Wenn, David A., John E. A. Shaw und Bina Mackenzie. „A mesh microcontactor for 2-phase reactions“. Lab on a Chip 3, Nr. 3 (2003): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b304494g.
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Sbai, Mohammed Adil, und Abdelkader Larabi. „A Deforming Mixed-Hybrid Finite Element Model for Robust Groundwater Flow Simulation in 3D Unconfined Aquifers with Unstructured Layered Grids“. Water 15, Nr. 6 (18.03.2023): 1177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15061177.
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Determining the water table shape and position in unconfined aquifers is fundamental to many groundwater flow assessment studies. The commonly used industry-standard fixed mesh models, contrary to popular belief, do not provide an accurate description of the phreatic surface. When using such models, the water table position is post-processed from the simulated groundwater heads, leading to an approximation error. This error becomes larger for coarse vertical grids. This paper introduces a novel moving mesh technique to simulate the groundwater table in three-dimensional unconfined aquifers under steady-state or transient conditions. We adopt the face-based mixed-hybrid finite element discretization approach in space, leading to a more accurate approximation of the specific discharge field. The model uses an adaptive unstructured but layered mesh which is iteratively adjusted until its top fits the phreatic surface. The developed algorithm accounts for a linearized form of the kinematic boundary condition prescribed on the moving boundary and also supports usual boundary conditions as well. The model was compared to the existing analytical, fixed mesh, and previously published solutions. The obtained results show that the developed model is superior in terms of its numerical stability, convergence behavior, and accuracy. Furthermore, the simulated phreatic surface is free from a cellwise interpolation error and independent of the vertical grid size as used in fixed mesh methods. We also found that the robustness of the moving mesh method cannot be surpassed by a fixed mesh alternative. The model’s efficiency is supported by an almost quadratic rate of convergence of the outer iteration loop.
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Schmitz, Sophia M., Marius J. Helmedag, Andreas Kroh, Daniel Heise, Uwe Klinge, Andreas Lambertz, Mathias W. Hornef, Ulf P. Neumann und Roman M. Eickhoff. „Choice of Polymer, but Not Mesh Structure Variation, Reduces the Risk of Bacterial Infection with Staphylococcus aureus In Vivo“. Biomedicines 11, Nr. 7 (24.07.2023): 2083. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11072083.
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Background: Synthetic mesh material is of great importance for surgical incisional hernia repair. The physical and biochemical characteristics of the mesh influence mechanical stability and the foreign body tissue reaction. The influence on bacterial infections, however, remains ill-defined. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of a modified mesh structure with variation in filament linking on the occurrence of bacterial infection that is indicated by the occurrence of CD68+, CD4+, and CD8+ cells in two different materials. Methods: A total of 56 male Sprague Dawley rats received a surgical mesh implant in a subcutaneous abdominal position. The mesh of two different polymers (polypropylene (PP) and polyvinylidenfluoride (PVDF)) and two different structures (standard structure and bold structure with higher filament linking) were compared. During the implantation, the meshes were infected with Staphylococcus (S.) aureus. After 7 and 21 days, meshes were explanted, and the early and late tissue responses to infection were histologically evaluated. Results: Overall, the inflammatory tissue response was higher at 7 days when compared to 21 days. At 7 days, PP meshes of the standard structure (PP-S) showed the strongest inflammatory tissue response in comparison to all the other groups. At 21 days, no statistically significant difference between different meshes was detected. CD8+ cytotoxic T cells showed a significant difference at 21 days but not at 7 days. PP meshes of both structures showed a higher infiltration of CD8+ T cells than PVDF meshes. CD4+ T helper cells differed at 7 days but not at 21 days, and PVDF meshes in a bold structure showed the highest CD4+ T cell count. The number of CD68+ macrophages was also significantly higher in PP meshes in a standard structure when compared to PVDF meshes at 21 days. Conclusion: The inflammatory tissue response to S. aureus infection appears to be highest during the early period after mesh implantation. PP meshes showed a higher inflammatory response than PVDF meshes. The mesh material appears to be more important for the risk of infection than the variation in filament linking.
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Katkoori, Devendar, Anuradha Jayathillake, Ahmed Eldefrawy und Murugesan Manoharan. „Incisional Hernia Involving the Neobladder: Technical Considerations to Avoid Complications“. Scientific World JOURNAL 9 (2009): 505–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2009.84.
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The management of incisional hernia following radical cystectomy (RC) and neobladder diversion poses a special challenge. Mesh erosion into the neobladder is a potential complication of hernia repair in this setting. We describe our experience and steps to avoid this complication. Three patients developed incisional hernias following RC involving the neobladder. The incisional hernias were repaired by the same surgeon. A systematic dissection and repair of the hernias with an onlay dual-layer mesh (made of polyglactin and polypropylene) was carried out. The critical steps were placing the polyglactin side of the mesh deeper and positioning of an omental flap anterior to the neobladder. The omental flap adds a protective layer that prevents adhesions between the neobladder and abdominal wall, and prevents erosion of the mesh into the fragile neobladder wall. All of these patients had received two cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to RC. The time duration from RC to the repair of hernia was 7, 42, and 54 months. No intraoperative injury to the neobladder or other complication was noted during hernia repair. The patients were followed after hernia repair for 20, 22, and 42 months with no recurrence, mesh erosion, or other complications. Careful understanding and attention to details of the technique can minimize the risk of complications, especially incisional hernia recurrence, injury to the neobladder, and erosion of mesh into the neobladder wall.
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Neyestanaki, Mehrdad Kalantar, Georgiana Dunca, Pontus Jonsson und Michel J. Cervantes. „A Comparison of Different Methods for Modelling Water Hammer Valve Closure with CFD“. Water 15, Nr. 8 (12.04.2023): 1510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15081510.
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Water hammer is a transient phenomenon that occurs when a flowing fluid is rapidly decelerated, which can be harmful and damaging to a piping system. Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with three-dimensional geometry is a common tool for studying water hammer, which is more accurate than numerical simulation with one-dimension approximation of the geometry. There are different methods with different accuracy and computational costs for valve closure modelling. This paper presents the result of water hammer 3D simulation with three main technics for modelling an axial valve closure: dynamic mesh, sliding mesh, and immersed solid methods. The variation of the differential pressure variation and the wall shear stress are compared with experimental results. Additionally, the 3D effects of the flow after the valve closure and the computational cost are addressed. The sliding mesh method presents the most physical results compared to the other two methods. The immersed solid method predicts a smaller pressure rise which may be the result of using a source term in the momentum equation instead of modelling the valve movement. The dynamic mesh method adds fluctuations to the primary phenomenon. Moreover, the sliding mesh is less expensive than the dynamic mesh method in terms of computational cost (approximately one-third), which was the primary method for axial valve closure modelling in the literature.
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Coyoy-Salgado, Angélica, Julia J. Segura-Uribe, Christian Guerra-Araiza, Sandra Orozco-Suárez, Hermelinda Salgado-Ceballos, Iris A. Feria-Romero, Juan Manuel Gallardo und Carlos E. Orozco-Barrios. „The Importance of Natural Antioxidants in the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury in Animal Models: An Overview“. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2019 (12.11.2019): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3642491.
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Patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) face devastating health, social, and financial consequences, as well as their families and caregivers. Reducing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress are essential strategies for SCI treatment. Some compounds from traditional medicine could be useful to decrease ROS generated after SCI. This review is aimed at highlighting the importance of some natural compounds with antioxidant capacity used in traditional medicine to treat traumatic SCI. An electronic search of published articles describing animal models of SCI treated with natural compounds from traditional medicine was conducted using the following terms: Spinal Cord Injuries (MeSH terms) AND Models, Animal (MeSH terms) AND [Reactive Oxygen Species (MeSH terms) AND/OR Oxidative Stress (MeSH term)] AND Medicine, Traditional (MeSH terms). Articles reported from 2010 to 2018 were included. The results were further screened by title and abstract for studies performed in rats, mice, and nonhuman primates. The effects of these natural compounds are discussed, including their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties. Moreover, the antioxidant properties of natural compounds were emphasized since oxidative stress has a fundamental role in the generation and progression of several pathologies of the nervous system. The use of these compounds diminishes toxic effects due to their high antioxidant capacity. These compounds have been tested in animal models with promising results; however, no clinical studies have been conducted in humans. Further research of these natural compounds is crucial to a better understanding of their effects in patients with SCI.
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Darroudi, Seyed, Raül Caldera-Sànchez und Carles Gomez. „Bluetooth Mesh Energy Consumption: A Model“. Sensors 19, Nr. 5 (12.03.2019): 1238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19051238.
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The recent publication of the Bluetooth Mesh standard is a remarkable milestone in the evolution of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). As a new technology in the Internet of Things (IoT) market, it is crucial to investigate the performance of Bluetooth Mesh. However, while a fundamental feature of Bluetooth Mesh is its suitability for energy-constrained devices, this aspect has not yet been properly considered in the literature. In this paper, we model the current consumption, lifetime and energy cost per delivered bit of a battery-operated Bluetooth Mesh sensor node. The model is based on measurements performed on a real hardware platform. Evaluation results quantify the impact of crucial Bluetooth Mesh parameters. Among others, we have found that a sensor device running on a simple 235 mAh battery, and sending a data message every 10 s, can achieve a lifetime of up to 15.6 months, whereas the asymptotic lifetime is 21.4 months.
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Jeong, Sunwon, und Ju Yong Chang. „MeshLifter: Weakly Supervised Approach for 3D Human Mesh Reconstruction from a Single 2D Pose Based on Loop Structure“. Sensors 20, Nr. 15 (30.07.2020): 4257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20154257.
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In this paper, we address the problem of 3D human mesh reconstruction from a single 2D human pose based on deep learning. We propose MeshLifter, a network that estimates a 3D human mesh from an input 2D human pose. Unlike most existing 3D human mesh reconstruction studies that train models using paired 2D and 3D data, we propose a weakly supervised learning method based on a loop structure to train the MeshLifter. The proposed method alleviates the difficulty of obtaining ground-truth 3D data to ensure that the MeshLifter can be trained successfully from a 2D human pose dataset and an unpaired 3D motion capture dataset. We compare the proposed method with recent state-of-the-art studies through various experiments and show that the proposed method achieves effective 3D human mesh reconstruction performance. Notably, our proposed method achieves a reconstruction error of 59.1 mm without using the 3D ground-truth data of Human3.6M, the standard dataset for 3D human mesh reconstruction.
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Arisco, Amy M., und Stephen R. Kraus. „A critical review of mesh kits for prolapse repairs“. Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports 3, Nr. 1 (März 2008): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11884-008-0004-9.
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Brown, Elizabeth Timbrook, Joshua A. Cohn, Melissa R. Kaufman, W. Stuart Reynolds und Roger R. Dmochowski. „Lessons Learned from Mesh Litigation for Prolapse and Incontinence“. Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports 11, Nr. 1 (30.01.2016): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11884-016-0353-8.
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Xun, Guangxu, Kishlay Jha, Ye Yuan, Yaqing Wang und Aidong Zhang. „MeSHProbeNet: a self-attentive probe net for MeSH indexing“. Bioinformatics 35, Nr. 19 (09.03.2019): 3794–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btz142.
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Abstract Motivation MEDLINE is the primary bibliographic database maintained by National Library of Medicine (NLM). MEDLINE citations are indexed with Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), which is a controlled vocabulary curated by the NLM experts. This greatly facilitates the applications of biomedical research and knowledge discovery. Currently, MeSH indexing is manually performed by human experts. To reduce the time and monetary cost associated with manual annotation, many automatic MeSH indexing systems have been proposed to assist manual annotation, including DeepMeSH and NLM’s official model Medical Text Indexer (MTI). However, the existing models usually rely on the intermediate results of other models and suffer from efficiency issues. We propose an end-to-end framework, MeSHProbeNet (formerly named as xgx), which utilizes deep learning and self-attentive MeSH probes to index MeSH terms. Each MeSH probe enables the model to extract one specific aspect of biomedical knowledge from an input article, thus comprehensive biomedical information can be extracted with different MeSH probes and interpretability can be achieved at word level. MeSH terms are finally recommended with a unified classifier, making MeSHProbeNet both time efficient and space efficient. Results MeSHProbeNet won the first place in the latest batch of Task A in the 2018 BioASQ challenge. The result on the last test set of the challenge is reported in this paper. Compared with other state-of-the-art models, such as MTI and DeepMeSH, MeSHProbeNet achieves the highest scores in all the F-measures, including Example Based F-Measure, Macro F-Measure, Micro F-Measure, Hierarchical F-Measure and Lowest Common Ancestor F-measure. We also intuitively show how MeSHProbeNet is able to extract comprehensive biomedical knowledge from an input article.
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Robert, Brenden, und Pierre Boulanger. „Automatic Bone Segmentation from MRI for Real-Time Knee Tracking in Fluoroscopic Imaging“. Diagnostics 12, Nr. 9 (15.09.2022): 2228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12092228.
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Recent progress in real-time tracking of knee bone structures from fluoroscopic imaging using CT templates has opened the door to studying knee kinematics to improve our understanding of patellofemoral syndrome. The problem with CT imaging is that it exposes patients to extra ionising radiation, which adds to fluoroscopic imaging. This can be solved by segmenting bone templates from MRI instead of CT by using a deep neural network architecture called 2.5D U-Net. To train the network, we used the SKI10 database from the MICCAI challenge; it contains 100 knee MRIs with their corresponding annotated femur and tibia bones as the ground truth. Since patella tracking is essential in our application, the SKI10 database was augmented with a new label named UofA Patella. Using 70 MRIs from the database, a 2.5D U-Net was trained successfully after 75 epochs with an excellent final Dice score of 98%, which compared favourably with the best state-of-the-art algorithms. A test set of 30 MRIs were segmented using the trained 2.5D U-Net and then converted into 3D mesh templates by using a marching cube algorithm. The resulting 3D mesh templates were compared to the 3D mesh model extracted from the corresponding labelled data from the augmented SKI10. Even though the final Dice score (98%) compared well with the state-of-the-art algorithms, we initially found that the Euclidean distance between the segmented MRI and SKI10 meshes was over 6 mm in many regions, which is unacceptable for our application. By optimising many of the hyper-parameters of the 2.5D U-Net, we were able to find that, by changing the threshold used in the last layer of the network, one can significantly improve the average accuracy to 0.2 mm with a variance of 0.065 mm for most of the MRI mesh templates. These results illustrate that the Dice score is not always a good predictor of the geometric accuracy of segmentation and that fine-tuning hyper-parameters is critical for improving geometric accuracy.
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Powell, A. „Rubber net mesh reduces scale loss during routine handling of farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)“. Animal Welfare 30, Nr. 1 (01.02.2021): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.7120/09627286.30.1.019.
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Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) are an economically and ecologically important fish species that interact with humans during farming, fishing and research operations. Routine handling in nets exposes fish to mesh and causes scale loss. To promote welfare and experimental refinement, a study was performed in a controlled environment to investigate the effect of net mesh type (rubber-coated or standard knotless, both bag volumes circa 7 l; mesh size: 6 mm) and the number of fish per net (capture density) on scale loss. Up to three large adult salmon (mean weight: 900 g) or 15 small smolts (mean weight: 145 g) were briefly captured in hand-nets during routine immersed-stock movement between tanks. Scales were recovered and counted from transportation containers, to establish a simple and rapid methodology. For both size grades, scale loss was generally proportional to capture density. For large adult salmon, scale loss significantly increased with capture density when knotless mesh was used, however the increase was less marked and not statistically significant for adults handled in rubber mesh. Small smolts also demonstrated significantly reduced scale loss when handled with rubber mesh, which increased gradually with capture density. In contrast, small smolts handled in knotless mesh showed greater scale loss as capture density increased. An overall reduction in scale loss with increased capture density was not shown, although the biomass loading per net used in this study were intentionally low (<3.5 kg). This method suggests a low-tech and rapid approach to quantitatively compare net types and husbandry techniques and suggests a fundamental but simple improvement to salmonid handling in recreational and commercial operations. However, any correlation to conventional stress assays or behavioural observations remains to be established.
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Guo, Mingqiang, Zhenzhen Song, Chengde Han, Saishang Zhong, Ruina Lv und Zheng Liu. „Mesh Denoising via Adaptive Consistent Neighborhood“. Sensors 21, Nr. 2 (08.01.2021): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020412.
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In this paper, we propose a novel guided normal filtering followed by vertex updating for mesh denoising. We introduce a two-stage scheme to construct adaptive consistent neighborhoods for guided normal filtering. In the first stage, we newly design a consistency measurement to select a coarse consistent neighborhood for each face in a patch-shift manner. In this step, the selected consistent neighborhoods may still contain some features. Then, a graph-cut based scheme is iteratively performed for constructing different adaptive neighborhoods to match the corresponding local shapes of the mesh. The constructed local neighborhoods in this step, known as the adaptive consistent neighborhoods, can avoid containing any geometric features. By using the constructed adaptive consistent neighborhoods, we compute a more accurate guide normal field to match the underlying surface, which will improve the results of the guide normal filtering. With the help of the adaptive consistent neighborhoods, our guided normal filtering can preserve geometric features well, and is robust against complex shapes of surfaces. Intensive experiments on various meshes show the superiority of our method visually and quantitatively.
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Zhong, Saishang, Zhong Xie, Jinqin Liu und Zheng Liu. „Robust Mesh Denoising via Triple Sparsity“. Sensors 19, Nr. 5 (26.02.2019): 1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19051001.
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Mesh denoising is to recover high quality meshes from noisy inputs scanned from the real world. It is a crucial step in geometry processing, computer vision, computer-aided design, etc. Yet, state-of-the-art denoising methods still fall short of handling meshes containing both sharp features and fine details. Besides, some of the methods usually introduce undesired staircase effects in smoothly curved regions. These issues become more severe when a mesh is corrupted by various kinds of noise, including Gaussian, impulsive, and mixed Gaussian–impulsive noise. In this paper, we present a novel optimization method for robustly denoising the mesh. The proposed method is based on a triple sparsity prior: a double sparse prior on first order and second order variations of the face normal field and a sparse prior on the residual face normal field. Numerically, we develop an efficient algorithm based on variable-splitting and augmented Lagrange method to solve the problem. The proposed method can not only effectively recover various features (including sharp features, fine details, smoothly curved regions, etc), but also be robust against different kinds of noise. We testify effectiveness of the proposed method on synthetic meshes and a broad variety of scanned data produced by the laser scanner, Kinect v1, Kinect v2, and Kinect-fusion. Intensive numerical experiments show that our method outperforms all of the compared select-of-the-art methods qualitatively and quantitatively.
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Shang, Feifei, Yangke Gan und Yufei Guo. „Hexahedral mesh generation via constrained quadrilateralization“. PLOS ONE 12, Nr. 5 (18.05.2017): e0177603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0177603.
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Yang, Xiyan, Wenjie An, Wenda Li und Shanghong Zhang. „Implementation of a Local Time Stepping Algorithm and Its Acceleration Effect on Two-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Models“. Water 12, Nr. 4 (17.04.2020): 1148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12041148.
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The engineering applications of two-dimensional (2D) hydrodynamic models are restricted by the enormous number of meshes needed and the overheads of simulation time. The aim of this study is to improve computational efficiency and optimize the balance between the quantity of grids used in and the simulation accuracy of 2D hydrodynamic models. Local mesh refinement and a local time stepping (LTS) strategy were used to address this aim. The implementation of the LTS algorithm on a 2D shallow-water dynamic model was investigated using the finite volume method on unstructured meshes. The model performance was evaluated using three canonical test cases, which discussed the influential factors and the adaptive conditions of the algorithm. The results of the numerical tests show that the LTS method improved the computational efficiency and fulfilled mass conservation and solution accuracy constraints. Speedup ratios of between 1.3 and 2.1 were obtained. The LTS scheme was used for navigable flow simulation of the river reach between the Three Gorges and Gezhouba Dams. This showed that the LTS scheme is effective for real complex applications and long simulations and can meet the required accuracy. An analysis of the influence of the mesh refinement on the speedup was conducted. Coarse and refined mesh proportions and mesh scales observably affected the acceleration effect of the LTS algorithm. Smaller proportions of refined mesh resulted in higher speedup ratios. Acceleration was the most obvious when mesh scale differences were large. These results provide technical guidelines for reducing computational time for 2D hydrodynamic models on non-uniform unstructured grids.