Dissertationen zum Thema „BGT“
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1
Trelcat, Jean-François. „Synthèses par voies solide et hydrothermale pour céramiques de type BNT - BT - BKT“. Valenciennes, 2010. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/7f649e27-84b6-4215-952b-cd0b3ee186ad.
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Ce travail a pour objet l’étude de l’un des systèmes les plus prometteurs en tant que substitut au PZT, le ternaire Bi0,5Na0,5TiO3 - BaTiO3 - Bi0,5K0,5TiO3. La première partie de la thèse s’est focalisée sur la synthèse par voie solide de ce système et a permis une estimation plus affinée de la zone de transition de phase morphotropique. Dans une seconde partie, nous nous sommes centrés sur l’élaboration de poudres réactives de BNT par voie hydrothermale. Bien que les divers protocoles mis au point ont permis l’obtention de poudres microniques et cristallisées, toutes se distinguent par l’apparition de phases thermiquement instables en quantités infimes mais néanmoins suffisantes pour entraîner l’apparition d’une macroporosité après frittage. Diverses techniques de lavage ont été développées pour éliminer ces phases métastables. Un compromis a dû être réalisé entre la qualité de l’élimination de ces phases non désirées et le maintien de la composition chimique de la phase majoritaire. Le taux de densification et les propriétés piézoélectriques obtenus sur ces céramiques sont largement comparables à la voie solide. L’étude de la cosynthèse BNT - BT par thermolyse hydrothermale de la composition binaire 0,935 BNT - 0,065 BT n’a pu aboutir et a mis en évidence la précipitation préalable et définitive du titanate de bismuth Bi12TiO20This study focuses on the study of one of the most promising systems as an alternative to PZT, the Bi0,5Na0,5TiO3 - BaTiO3 - Bi0,5K0,5TiO3 ternary system. The first part of the thesis consists on the solid state synthesis of this system and has allowed a more accurate estimation of the morphotropic phase boundary location. In a second part, we focused this study on the development of BNT powders hydrothermal synthesis. Although various protocols have developed the production of fine and single phased powders, all of them are characterized by the presence of thermally unstable phases in minor quantities but nevertheless sufficient to let appear a strong porosity after sintering. Various washing techniques have been developed to eliminate these metastable phases. A compromise between the quality of the metastable phase elimination and the preservation of the major phase chemical composition must be realized. The densification ratio and piezoelectric properties obtained for these ceramics are widely comparable to the solid route synthesized ones. The BNT - BT cosynthesis study of the 0,935 BNT - 0,065 BT binary composition put in evidence the prerequisite and definitive bismuth titanate Bi12TiO20 precipitation
2
Knight, Michael K. „Bit by bit“. Claremont Graduate University, 2010. http://ccdl.libraries.claremont.edu/u?/stc,82.
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Malm, Martin. „Beckholmen bit för bit“. Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-150351.
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På Beckholmen ligger stockholmsregionens enda aktiva reparationsvarv med kapacitet att ta emot såväl större fartyg samt skärgårdstrafikens fartyg. För att kunna bedriva verksamheten på ett säkert och miljövänligt sätt krävs infrastrukturella investeringar i form av byggnader och anläggningar. Stockholms stad har påbörjat ett programarbete och presenterat ett förslag till detaljplan som möjliggör dessa investeringar. Då det handlar om stora investeringar och förändringar i stadsbilden är den nya detaljplanen ett känsligt projekt, särskilt om varvsverksamheten skulle hamna i ekonomiska svårigheter. I det förslag till detaljplan som presenterats hösten 2012 har varsverksamhetens funktioner lagts inom en och samma byggnadsvolym, som till en följd blir väldigt stor. Frågeställningen i ”Beckholmen bit för bit” är om en detaljplan som låter verksamheten växa mer inkrementellt fördelat på fler byggnader kan göra projektet mer flexibelt. Efter studier av varvsverksamhetens program samt volym och planstudier, blir slutsatsen att det finns fördelar med att fördela varvsfunktionerna på fler byggnadsvolymer. Särskilt om byggnaderna gestaltas på ett sätt så att kompositionen är öppen för förändring. Ett förslag på en gestaltning som uppfyller dessa egenskaper presenteras även.The only active shipyard in the Stockholm region with capacity for large ships and the archipelago fleet is situated at Beckholmen. Large investments in infrastructure and buildings are needed in order to secure the enviroment and worker safety. The city has presented a proposal for new planning enabeling these investments. As the investment are large and the site is sensitive the project has many potential risks, especially if the shipyard should encounter economic difficulties in the future. In the citys planning proposal presented in 2012 the whole program for the shipyard is contained within one single volume. The question at issue in ”Beckholmen bit by bit” thus is if planning that splits the program into separate buildings and permits incremental growth is prefarable. After program studies, volume and plan studies the conclusion is that there are many advantages with planning that encourages incremental growth of the shipyard at Beckholmen, especially if the building design is open to change from the beginning. A proposal of a planning and design fulfilling these qualities is also presented.
4
Aoujgal, Ahmed. „Etude des propriétés physico-chimiques et électroniques de matériaux ferroélectriques sous forme de céramiques et de films minces en vue d'applications radiofréquences et microondes“. Littoral, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010DUNK0285.
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L’objectif du présent travail est de concevoir, réaliser et optimiser des matériaux accordables pour des applications en électronique à hautes fréquences. Le composant le plus simple permettant de mettre à profit cette étude est le condensateur accordable avec une tension continue qui peut être ensuite intégrée dans des dispositifs microondes accordables ou reconfigurables. Le condensteur peut être en couches minces ou en céramique. Pour réaliser de tels composants, on doit utiliser des matériaux présentant de faible pertes diélectriques, une permitivité élevée, une accordabilité importante et une bonne stabilité de la fréquence de résonance avec la température. Pour cela, nous avons mené une étude sur des matériaux ferroélectriques classiques et relaxeurs afin, d’une part d’optimiser les conditions de synthèse, et d’autre part d’améliorer leurs propriétés électriques pour des applications radiofréquences et microondes. Nous avons étudié des matériaux ferroélectriques de phase pérovskite. Il s’agit du titane de baryum et de strontium (BST) qui est un ferroélectrique classique, du titane de baryum et de zircone (BZT) qui selon sa composition peut être classique ou relaxeur et des dérivées du BZT obtenues par substitution au niveau des sites pérovskites a et b respectivement par du bismuth et par du zinc-niobium. Nous avons aussi synthétisé et caractérisé des matériaux de phase pyrochlore de formule Bi1. 5ZnNb1. 5O7. Ces études vont de l’élaboration de tous ces matériaux sous forme de céramiques et de couches minces, suivies de caractérisations physico-chimiques, structurales, diélectriques et ferroélectriques dans une large gamme de fréquences et de températuresThe main objective of this work is to design, implement and optimize tunable materials for electronic applications at high frequencies. The easiest component to build on this study is the tunable capacitor with a voltage which can then be integrated into microwave devices such as tunable or reconfigurable resonators, filters, antennas. . . Etc. The capacitor can be either thin film or ceramic-based. To produce such components we must use materials which must have low dielectric loss, high dielectric permittivity, high tunability and stability of the resonant frequency of the capacitor with the temperature. For this, we conducted a detailed study of classical and relaxor ferroelectric materials in order, firstly to optimize the synthesis conditions, and secondly to improve their electrical properties for radiofrequencies and microwave applications. We have studied ferroelectric materials with perovskite phase, namely barium titanate strontium (BST) which is a classical ferroelectric and barium zirconium (BZT) which according to its composition can be a classical ferroelectric or relaxor ferroelectric and the derivatives of BaZr0. 1Ti0. 9O3 obtained by substituting bismuth and zinc-niobium respectively at A and B sites of the perovskite phase. We also synthesized and characterized the pyrochlore phase materials of bismuth zinc niobate, with composition of Bi1. 5ZnNb1. 5O7. The studies we have done range from the development of these materials in the form of ceramics and thin films, followed by characterizations to determine their physico-chemical properties, structural dielectric and ferroelectric in a range wide of frequencies and temperature
5
Redinger, Petra Best Troy L. „Variation in populational size and composition within two summer colonies of endangered gray bats (Myotis grisescens)“. Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Spring/master's/REDINGER_PETRA_52.pdf.
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Rivera, Marcos D. „"Scary but a Little Bit Motivating": Understanding the Lived Experiences of Academic Probation and Deciding to Participate in an Academic Intervention Program“. The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu155500243951416.
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Celtikci, Baris. „Preparation Of Lead-free Bzt-bct Thin Films By Chemical Solution Deposition And Their Characterization“. Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614623/index.pdf.
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In the presented thesis, lead-free Ba(Ti0.8Zr0.2)O3-(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3 (BZT-BCT) thin films were deposited on Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si substrates using chemical solution deposition method and then the effect of process parameters were investigated to obtain optimum parameters of these lead-free thin films. The phase was selected near to the morphotropic phase boundary (MPH) to increase the number of polarization directions where rhombohedral and tetragonal phases exist together.
In this study, the effect of sintering temperatures on microstructure, dielectric and ferroelectric properties were studied systematically. Among the various high-quality BZT-BCT thin films with uniform thickness, the optimum dielectric and ferroelectric responses were observed for films annealed at 800 oC for 1 h sintering time. The thickness was kept constant for all measurements as 500 nm (triple layered films). Therefore, the average grain sizes were found around 60 nm for samples sintered at 700,750 and 800 oC.
BZT-BCT thin films sintered at 800 oC showed effective remnant polarization and coercive field values of 2.9 µC/cm2 and 49.4 kV/cm, together with a high dielectric constant and low loss tangent of 365.6 and 3.52 %, respectively, at a frequency of 600 kHz due to pure perovskite phase showing full crystallization and minimum surface porosity obtained at this temperature.
8
Hoesel, Stan van. „De constructie van de informatiesnelweg "bit by bit" /“. [Maastricht : Maastricht : Universiteit Maastricht] ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 2001. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=13064.
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Abreu, Victor Vicente. „Balance-bot“. Master's thesis, Universidade da Madeira, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.13/59.
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Research on inverted pendulum has gained momentum over the last decade on a number
of robotic laboratories over the world; due to its unstable proprieties is a good example
for control engineers to verify a control theory. To verify that the pendulum can
balance we can make some simulations using a closed-loop controller method such as
the linear quadratic regulator or the proportional–integral–derivative method.
Also the idea of robotic teleoperation is gaining ground. Controlling a robot at a
distance and doing that precisely. However, designing the tool to takes the best benefit
of the human skills while keeping the error minimal is interesting, and due to the fact
that the inverted pendulum is an unstable system it makes a compelling test case for
exploring dynamic teleoperation.
Therefore this thesis focuses on the construction of a two-wheel inverted pendulum
robot, which sensor we can use to do that, how they must be integrated in the system
and how we can use a human to control an inverted pendulum.
The inverted pendulum robot developed employs technology like sensors, actuators and controllers. This Master thesis starts by presenting an introduction to inverted pendulums and some information about related areas such as control theory. It continues by describing related work in this area. Then we describe the mathematical model of a two-wheel inverted pendulum and a simulation made in Matlab. We also focus in the construction of this type of robot and its working theory. Because this is a mobile robot we address the theme of the teleoperation and finally this thesis finishes with a general conclusion and
ideas of future work.Orientador: Ian Oakley
10
Vivian, Darlan. „Ariadne-BFT“. Florianópolis, SC, 2007. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/90028.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Computação.Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-23T05:20:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 240731.pdf: 888300 bytes, checksum: 247a9d9a95ae0d19f44c9efcd4411b18 (MD5)
As redes sem fio ad hoc surgiram para estender a mobilidade e a flexibilidade no ambiente sem fio, onde um conjunto de nós, que podem agir como roteadores, formam a infra-estrutura de roteamento na rede. A maioria dos protocolos de roteamento propostos não utiliza mecanismos de segurança, pois assumem que o ambiente é composto apenas por nós confiáveis. Mas devido à mudança dinâmica de topologia e ambiente aberto, uma rede ad hoc é extremamente vulnerável à presença de nós maliciosos os quais podem degradar desempenho ou até mesmo impedir o funcionamento da rede. Para evitar ou minimizar os problemas causados pela falta de segurança, os seguintes protocolos de roteamento seguro foram propostos: Ariadne, SAODV, BFTR, SEAD e ARAN. Neste contexto, a presente dissertação tem como objetivo analisar estes protocolos de roteamento seguro utilizados em redes sem fio ad hoc e propor melhorias nos mecanismos de segurança projetados para proteger a rede contra ataques interrupção de roteamento e de consumo de recursos. Como resultado desta análise, é proposto o Ariadne-BFT (Ariadne Best-effort Fault-Tolerant), uma extensão do protocolo de roteamento seguro Ariadne baseado nos algoritmos de descoberta e seleção de rotas do protocolo BFTR. O Ariadne-BFT incrementa a segurança no roteamento em relação ao protocolo Ariadne original, com a proteção contra o ataque Blackhole. Experimentos são executados sob a forma de simulações para análise e comparação de desempenho, através das quais é demonstrado que o protocolo Ariadne-BFT possui um desempenho superior em relação às métricas latência e razão de entrega de pacotes.
11
Caputo, Robert Thomas. „Bat parts“. Thesis, University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4586.
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Israr, Junaid. „Design of Lightweight Alternatives to Secure Border Gateway Protocol and Mitigate against Control and Data Plane Attacks“. Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/22812.
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Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is the backbone of routing infrastructure in the Internet. In its current form, it is an insecure protocol with potential for propagation of bogus routing information. There have been several high-profiles Internet outages linked to BGP in recent times. Several BGP security proposals have been presented in the literature; however, none has been adopted so far and, as a result, securing BGP remains an unsolved problem to this day. Among existing BGP security proposals, Secure BGP (S-BGP) is considered most comprehensive. However, it presents significant challenges in terms of number of signature verifications and deployment considerations. For it to provide comprehensive security guarantees, it requires that all Autonomous Systems (ASes) in the Internet to adopt the scheme and participate in signature additions and verifications in BGP messages. Among others, these challenges have prevented S-BGP from being deployed today. In this thesis, we present two novel lightweight security protocols, called Credible BGP (C-BGP) and Hybrid Cryptosystem BGP (HC-BGP), which rely on security mechanisms in S-BGP but are designed to address signature verification overhead and deployment challenges associated with S-BGP. We develop original and detailed analytical and simulation models to study performance of our proposals and demonstrate that the proposed schemes promise significant savings in terms of computational overhead and security performance in presence of malicious ASes in the network. We also study the impact of IP prefix hijacking on control plane as well as data plane. Specifically, we analyze the impact of bogus routing information on Inter-Domain Packet Filters and propose novel and simple extensions to existing BGP route selection algorithm to combat bogus routing information.
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Karaer, Arzu. „Optimum bit-by-bit power allocation for minimum distortion transmission“. Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4760.
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In this thesis, bit-by-bit power allocation in order to minimize mean-squared error (MSE) distortion of a basic communication system is studied. This communication system consists of a quantizer. There may or may not be a channel encoder and a Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) modulator. In the quantizer, natural binary mapping is made. First, the case where there is no channel coding is considered. In the uncoded case, hard decision decoding is done at the receiver. It is seen that errors that occur in the more significant information bits contribute more to the distortion than less significant bits. For the uncoded case, the optimum power profile for each bit is determined analytically and through computer-based optimization methods like differential evolution. For low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the less significant bits are allocated negligible power compared to the more significant bits. For high SNRs, it is seen that the optimum bit-by-bit power allocation gives constant MSE gain in dB over the uniform power allocation. Second, the coded case is considered. Linear block codes like (3,2), (4,3) and (5,4) single parity check codes and (7,4) Hamming codes are used and soft-decision decoding is done at the receiver. Approximate expressions for the MSE are considered in order to find a near-optimum power profile for the coded case. The optimization is done through a computer-based optimization method (differential evolution). For a simple code like (7,4) Hamming code simulations show
that up to 3 dB MSE gain can be obtained by changing the power allocation on the
information and parity bits. A systematic method to find the power profile for linear block codes is also introduced given the knowledge of input-output weight enumerating function of the code. The information bits have the same power, and parity bits
have the same power, and the two power levels can be different.
14
Sandvik, Jørgen Moe. „En variabel bit lengde 9-bit 50MS/S SAR ADC“. Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for elektronikk og telekommunikasjon, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-20654.
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A 9-bit 50MS/s SAR ADC with a simulated power consumption of 24.5 µW was designed for this thesis. Specifications were made for application with in-probe electronic as part of an ultrasound system. A novel switching-scheme - employing variable bit length encoding – was introduced in order to simplify successive approximation. Pre-layout results reported a FoM of just 1.37 fJ/conversion step, which is favorable to all published designs to date. Recent technology advancements has seen the ultrasound field expanding into handheld markets [33]. More power efficient solutions, in addition to existing enhanced resolution 3-D technology both place strict requirements for analog/mixed-signal design. Composite electronics within the probe casing - allowing close-to-source signal processing - is believed to be the future of ultrasound devices. ADC designs suitable for in-probe technology require ultra low power and noise characteristics towards supporting multiple channels on a single SoC. Excellent performance of recent SAR ADCs make them a viable alternative for in-probe technology [2,7,12,4]. Work in this thesis show the flexibility of the SAR algorithm. The relatively simple implementation/decoding of the VBL approach, complimented by the accuracy dependency of the level detection range makes the ADC reconfigurable by digital signal processing. Recent published design has reported relatively low power consumption for the comparator [15,7]. A motivation for the thesis was to see whether multiple operated comparators could reduce power in remaining circuitry. Implementation of a level-detector - supporting the VBL switching-scheme - has lead to improvements in: Power efficiency, speed and metastability-induced errors. The device consists of two comparators operated in parallel, with a relative DC-offset generated by difference in the capacitive load. Decision points of the comparators shift with DC-offset, and are atoned for a range desired by the modified SAR algorithm. An extensive literary search of recent methodologies and results was conducted, and a summery presenting state-of-the-art designs is included with the work. An approach using no external references where chosen as a basis for the DAC design. Emphasize was made on constant common-mode voltage suitably for comparator design eliminating pre-amplifiers or buffers. Digital logic consisting of serial connected bitslices using a novel differential approach is proposed. Level detector outputs are connected to the digital logic switching only a portion of transistors in the bitslice during conversion. Trade-off between switching activity and circuit area proves effective, with only 12.5% of overall power consumed in the digital part. Power simulations reported the level-detector as the dominant source of consumption, thereby being subject to further optimization with regards to power. Nonetheless a proof-of-concept 8-bit ADC implementation - operated with the novel switching-scheme - produced 8.96 ENOB while dissipating less power.
15
James, Calvin L. „ENHANCE BIT SYNCHRONIZER BIT ERROR PERFORMANCE WITH A SINGLE ROM“. International Foundation for Telemetering, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/613417.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 29-November 02, 1990 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaAlthough prefiltering prevents the aliasing phenomenon with discrete signal processing, degradation in bit error performance results even when the prefilter implementation is ideal. Degradation occurs when decisions are based on statistics derived from correlated samples, processed by a sample mean estimator. i.e., a discrete linear filter. However, an orthonormal transformation can be employed to eliminate prefiltered sample statistical dependencies, thus permitting the sample mean estimator to provide near optimum performance. This paper will present mathematical justification for elements which adversely affect the bit synchronizer’s decision process and suggest an orthonormal transform alternative. The suggested transform can be implemented in most digital bit synchronizer designs with the addition of a Read Only Memory (ROM).
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Fontana, Giulia <1993>. „BIT or no BIT? La tutela degli investimenti italiani all’estero“. Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/12317.
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Gli accordi bilaterali per la promozione e protezione degli investimenti esteri sono stati, dall'inizio del XX secolo,oggetto di una grande attenzione da parte di tutti coloro i quali volessero espandere i propri orizzonti commerciali al di fuori dei confini nazionali di appartenenza. Nel presente lavoro di tesi si intende innanzitutto dare una visione d’insieme (fare una panoramica) sul processo storico che ha portato gli Stati a stipulare questi accordi, sul perfezionamento del diritto commerciale internazionale in materia di investimenti e sui cambiamenti che ha apportato l’entrata in vigore del trattato di Lisbona e l’inzio della competenza esclusiva dell’Unione Europea in tale materia. Verrà in seguito analizzato un accordo bilaterale in tutte le sue parti e infine verranno esaminate due controversie, dal quale confronto si rifletterà sulla rilevanza degli accordi bilaterali in materia di tutela degli investimenti italiani all’estero.
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Moen, Selmer, und Charles Jones. „BIT RATE AGILITY FOR EFFICIENT TELEMETRY“. International Foundation for Telemetering, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/606754.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 20-23, 2003 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaThe Bit Rate Agile Onboard Telemetry Formatting (BRAOTF) system was developed by Killdeer Mountain Manufacturing to address increasing demands on the efficiency of telemetry systems. The BRAOTF thins and reorders data streams, adjusting the bit rate of a pulse code modulation (PCM) stream using a bit-locked loop to match the desired information rate exactly. The BRAOTF accomplishes the adjustment in hardware, synthesizing a clock whose operating frequency is derived from the actual timing of the input format. Its firmware manages initialization and error management. Testing has confirmed that the BRAOTF implementation meets its design goals.
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Barrett, Janine. „Australian bat lyssavirus /“. St. Lucia, Qld, 2004. http://adt.library.uq.edu.au/public/adt-QU20040729.134623/index.html.
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Tölch, Ulf. „Bat Time Stories“. Diss., lmu, 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-51308.
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Seidman, Brian H. „And Nothing But“. Miami University / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1058824897.
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Segars, Tara. „8-Bit Hunger“. Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1619176909244462.
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Sullivan, Lawrence. „Bat Problem Management“. College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146697.
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Scharroba, Anika. „Small but powerful“. Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17798.
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In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden die Einflüsse der landwirtschaftlichen Nutzung auf die Struktur und Biomasse von Nematoden entlang eines Tiefengradientens und innerhalb zweier Vegetationsperioden an einem Ackerstandort untersucht. Die Freilandanalyse der Nematodengemeinschaft wies auf ein mit Nährstoffen angereichertes und gestörtes Ökosystem, mit einer geringen Diversität, hin. Entlang des Tiefengradienten bildeten die Nematoden Metacommunities, welche Umweltgegebenheiten wie Nahrungsquellen und abiotischen Faktoren widerspiegeln. Signifikant höhere Biomassen wurden unter Weizen im Vergleich zu Mais als Ackerfrucht beobachtet. Die Streuapplikation induzierte einen „bottom-up“ Effekt mit größeren Biomassen in den niedrigen als in den höheren trophischen Stufen. Die Nematoden Biomassen sowie die faunistischen Indizes (Channel Index, Enrichment Index) zeigten, dass der Kohlenstofffluss im Bakterienkanal des Bodens dominierte. Allerdings deckte das 13C Pulse-Labelling Experiment im Feld auf, dass der Kohlenstofffluss durch die Pilzgemeinschaft sowie die pilzfressenden Nematoden wesentlich höhere Umsatzraten aufweist. In einem 14C-Laborexperiment wurde ein vollständiges Budget des Flusses von wurzelbürtigem Kohlenstoff in das Nahrungsnetz der Nematoden bestimmt. Hierbei wiesen die pflanzenparasitären Nematoden die höchsten 14C-Gehalte innerhalb weniger Tage auf, da sie direkt an den Wurzeln fressen und über die Herbivorenkette den Nährstoffzyklus im Boden eröffnen.The present research considered the effects of agricultural management practice on the nematode community structure and biomass in three different depths and two successive vegetation periods at an arable field site. The resource quality was manipulated by crop plant and organic amendment, to investigate the major soil carbon pathways based on roots, bacteria and fungi. The nematode community analysis pointed to a highly enriched and disturbed ecosystem with low biodiversity. Along the depth gradient the nematodes formed distinct metacommunities, reflecting resource availability and abiotic environmental factors. Wheat supported significantly greater nematode biomass than maize. The litter amendment induced bottom-up effects, with greater biomass allocation at lower than at higher trophic levels. The biomass of nematode families as well as faunal indices (Channel Index, Enrichment Index) revealed a predominance of the bacterial carbon channel in the arable soil. A 13C pulse-labelling experiment investigating the flux of root- derived C into the soil food web revealed high turnover rates in the fungal carbon pathway. This was evident for soil fungi as well as for fungal-feeding nematodes and contradicts general assumptions of a more active bacterial pathway in arable soils. A laboratory experiment with 14C isotope was used to compile a complete budget for the root-derived carbon in the nematode food web. Here plant-feeding nematodes, which feed on living plant roots, thereby opening the root C cycling into the food web, showed highest amounts of 14C allocation within a few days.
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Näslund, Mats. „Bit extraction, hard-core predicates and the bit security of RSA“. Doctoral thesis, KTH, Numerical Analysis and Computer Science, NADA, 1998. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-2687.
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Xiao, Xin, Bane Vasic und Shu Lin. „MULTI-BIT BIT-FLIPPING ALGORITHM FOR COLUMN WEIGHT-4 LDPC CODES“. International Foundation for Telemetering, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/627015.
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Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes with column weight-4 are widely used in many commu-nication and storage systems. However, traditional hard decision decoding algorithms such as the bit-flipping (BF) algorithm suffer from error floor due to trapping sets in LDPC codes. In this paper, to lower error floor of the BF algorithm over the Binary Symmetric Channel (BSC), we design a set of decoding rules incorporated within the BF algorithm for column weight-4 LDPC codes. Given a column weight-4 LDPC code, the dominate error patterns of the BF algorithm are first specified, and according to the designed rules, additional bits at both variable nodes (VN) and check nodes (CN) provide more information for the BF algorithm to identify the dominate error patterns, so that the BF algorithm could deliberately flip some bits to break them. Simulation results show that the modified BF algorithm eliminates all 4-error patterns and lowers the Bit Error Rate (BER) for at least two orders of magnitude with a trivial increment of complexity.
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Bonaiuti, Davide. „Progettazione e sviluppo di un'applicazione per la gestione degli appuntamenti tra professionisti e clienti“. Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/11865/.
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Tutti coloro che lavorano su appuntamento hanno una clientela da gestire. Per farlo, possono avvalersi di due opzioni: o utilizzano una buona parte del loro tempo per rispondere direttamente alle chiamate e ai messaggi dei clienti, oppure assumono una persona che si faccia carico personalmente dell’agenda del negozio, piuttosto che dello studio, a seconda dei casi.
Gli aspetti negativi di queste due scelte non mancano. Nel primo caso, il diretto interessato può trovarsi interrotto da una chiamata nel pieno di un appuntamento. Il cliente lì presente deve attendere pazientemente che la conversazione finisca, ma la pazienza, giustamente, inizia a vacillare nel momento in cui le chiamate diventano numerose. Oltretutto la situazione può creare disagio al professionista in prima persona. In alcuni casi, inoltre, il cliente a casa è costretto ad aspettare tempi troppo lunghi prima di ricevere una risposta. Nel secondo caso, si ha un lavoro più fluido e senza interruzioni. Questo è ovviamente un fattore positivo, tuttavia l’assunzione di un addetto a rispondere al telefono, piuttosto che a messaggi o mail, ha un costo non indifferente.
Analizzando i vari vantaggi e svantaggi dei metodi di prenotazione esistenti, è stata progettata una nuova soluzione che, tramite l'utilizzo dei bot e delle app di messaggistica, permette di prendere gli appuntamenti rimanendo il più fedeli possibile ai metodi classici, come i messaggi, ma con tutti i vantaggi dei metodi più tecnologici.
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Hourigan, Clare. „Insectivorous Bat Diversity and Habitat Use in a Subtropical Mosaic Urban Landscape“. Thesis, Griffith University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366401.
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Bats are an important component of global biodiversity as they are species-rich taxon. Urbanisation is thought to have a negative impact on diversity because of the destruction of large areas of natural habitat, which many species are unable to survive. A small number of studies on the ecology of insectivorous bats in urban areas have revealed that urbanisation has had a negative impact on bat diversity, but these studies were largely confined to compact Old World cities in temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. Contemporary patterns of urbanisation often create a mosaic of novel habitats, which may enable many species to co-exist within the same landscape. Few studies have investigated the factors affecting bat diversity or habitat use at multiple scales within the same city, and patterns of bat diversity in sprawling cities are poorly known. This study investigated the insectivorous bat diversity of Brisbane, Australia, a subtropical city in which rapid recent growth has created a sprawling mosaic of different urban land cover types. Specifically, the major aims of this study were to determine how patterns of α diversity and species composition (β diversity) of Brisbane’s urban bat assemblage varied among four major habitat types within the city: high density residential, low density residential, parkland and native bushland remnants. Each of these habitat types differed in the nature and extent of both tree cover and built structures. This study also investigated how these components contributed to urban landscape (γ) diversity, and how environmental characteristics at both local and landscape scales influenced observed patterns of habitat use by insectivorous bats. To obtain adequate information to address this study’s aims, effective and cost-efficient survey techniques were required. Previous studies comparing the effectiveness of different bat survey techniques have been conducted in forested rather than urban landscapes. As urban landscapes are distinctly different, survey methods that were effective in forested landscapes may not be so in urban landscapes. Therefore this study also compared the effectiveness of two methods, bat detectors and harp traps, for surveying the richness and composition of the urban bat assemblage.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith School of Environment
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
Full Text
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Gilani, Syed Zafar ul Hussan. „Understanding the behaviour and influence of automated social agents“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/279022.
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Online social networks (OSNs) have seen a remarkable rise in the presence of automated social agents, or social bots. Social bots are the new computing viral, that are surreptitious and clever. What facilitates the creation of social agents is the massive human user-base and business-supportive operating model of social networks. These automated agents are injected by agencies, brands, individuals, and corporations to serve their work and purpose; utilising them for news and emergency communication, marketing, social activism, political campaigning, and even spam and spreading malicious content. Their influence was recently substantiated by coordinated social hacking and computational political propaganda. The thesis of my dissertation argues that automated agents exercise a profound impact on OSNs that transforms into an array of influence on our society and systems. However, latent or veiled, these agents can be successfully detected through measurement, feature extraction and finely tuned supervised learning models. The various types of automated agents can be further unravelled through unsupervised machine learning and natural language processing, to formally inform the populace of their existence and impact.
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Köhlmoos, Melanie. „Bet-El - Erinnerungen an eine Stadt Perspektiven der alttestamentlichen Bet-El-Überlieferung“. Tübingen Mohr Siebeck, 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2773069&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Weiß, Katja. „Verbraucherschutz durch die 312 f. BGB und 491 ff. BGB bei Sicherungsgrundschulden /“. Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] : Lang, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/396418856.pdf.
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吳景濤 und King-to Ng. „A novel bit allocation buffer control algorithm for low bit-rate videocompression“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31221518.
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Zimic, Sheila. „Internetgenerationen bit för bit : Representationer av IT och ungdom i ett informationssamhälle“. Doctoral thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för informations- och kommunikationssystem, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-21926.
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The aim of this thesis is to gain a deeper understanding in relation to the construction of a ‘Net Generation’. With regards to the idea of an information society, technologies and young people are given certain positions, which are not in any sense natural but are socially constructed. This thesis explores these socially given meanings and shows what types of meanings are prioritized and legitimized. The exploration is conducted by examining, both externally and internally, given meanings of a generation identity. The external (nominal identification) in this study is understood as the construction of an abstract user and is studied by means of academic texts concerning the ‘Net Generation’. The internal (virtual identification) involves young people’s construction of their generation identity and is studied by means of collage. The collages are used to understand how the young participants position themselves in contemporary society and how they, as concrete users, articulate their relationship with information technologies. The findings show that the ‘type of behavior’ which is articulated in the signifying practice of the construction of the abstract user, ‘Net Generation’, reduces users and technology to a marketing / economical discourse. In addition the idea of the abstract user implies that all users have the same possibilities to achieve ‘success’ in the information society, by being active ‘prosumers’. The concrete users articulate that they feel stressed and pressured in relation to all the choices that they are expected to make. In this sense, the participants do not articulate the (economical) interests as assumed for the ‘Net Generation’, but, rather articulate interests to play, to have a hobby and be social when using information technologies. What this thesis thus proposes, is to critically explore the ‘taken for granted’ notions of a technological order in society as pertaining to young people. Only if we understand how socially given meaning is constructed can we break loose from the temporarily prioritized values to which the position of technology and users are fixed.
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Hirt, Samuel James Best Troy L. „Analysis of stable isotopes of hydrogen to determine migrational source of silver-haired bats (Lasionycteris noctivagans) in Alabama“. Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SUMMER/Biological_Sciences/Thesis/Hirt_Samuel_52.pdf.
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CHAKRABORTY, S. K., und R. K. RAJANGAM. „PROGRAMMABLE HIGH BIT RATE FRAME SYNCHRONISER“. International Foundation for Telemetering, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614490.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 30-November 02, 1989 / Town & Country Hotel & Convention Center, San Diego, CaliforniaThe first Indian Remote Sensing Satellite was launched on 17th March 1988 from a Soviet Cosmodrome into a 904 Km Polar Sunsynchronous orbit. The data transmission from the satellite is at 5.2 Mega Bits/sec in S-Band and 10.4 Mega Bits/sec in X-Band. The payload data is formatted into custom made 8328 words format. A programmable unique versatile frame sync and Decommutation unit has been developed to test the data from the data handling system during its various phases of development. The system works upto 50 Mega Bits/sec and can handle frame sync code length upto 128 bits and a frame length of 2 Exp 20 bits. Provision has been made for programming the allowable bit errors as well as bit slippages, using a front panel setting. This paper describes the design and implementation of such a high bit rate frame synchroniser developed specially for IRS Spacecraft application. It will also highlight the performance of the system.
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Simón, Gallego Carlos. „Bit-Torrent in Erlang“. Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Information Technology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-98284.
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The goal of my project has been to programme a Bit-torrent application using Erlang language. A Bit-Torrent application permits the user to download files from the system and share files at the same time. The reason Erlang was chosen is because this programming language has suitable features for concurrency and distributed system.
The most important aspect I have considered in my project has been to manage a proper behaviour of the system, more than the simply fact of transferring stuff. This way, the program will be able to response to changes immediately. The changes could be: a user uploads a new file to share with other peers, a file is removed, new chunks of a file appear… and others like that.
My Bit-Torrent system contains five modules: Bittorrent, Tracker, Statistic, Server and User module, and all of them will be explained going into details in this document.
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Vogt, Isabelle. „“Born in Africa but...”“. Diss., lmu, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-103684.
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Lins, Susanna. „Das Fundrecht des BGB /“. Frankfurt am Main ;Berlin [u.a.] : Lang, 1994. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/271845090.pdf.
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Baier, Uwe [Verfasser]. „BWT tunneling / Uwe Baier“. Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2021. http://d-nb.info/122799530X/34.
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Burgess, George, und Lloyd Bridges. „Single Board Bit Synchronizer“. International Foundation for Telemetering, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614628.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 30-November 02, 1989 / Town & Country Hotel & Convention Center, San Diego, CaliforniaASIC developments have made it possible to include the essential signal processing functions for data detection, clock recovery, and NCO in a single custom-designed chip. Using this chip and PLDs enabled the implementation of a fully-featured bit synchronizer on a single VME board in a rack-mountable 1.75" high, 19" wide chassis. This represents a space savings of 2/3 over existing units. The data rates supported are 250 bps to 5Mbps (2.5 Mbps biphase).
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Gioanetti, Laura. „Peripheries:not problems but assets“. Thesis, KTH, Stadsbyggnad, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-189200.
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Kenyeres, Adam Zoltan. „Social Media Bot Detection“. Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-87411.
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Social media platforms have revolutionized how people interact with each other and how people gain information. However, social media platforms such as Twitter and Facebook quickly became the platform for public manipulation and spreading or amplifying political or ideological misinformation. Although malicious content can be shared by individuals, today millions of individual and coordinated automated accounts exist, also called bots which share hate, spread misinformation and manipulate public opinion without any human intervention. To make things worse, the sophistication of these automated accounts is so high that they become unidentifiable by humans and difficult for algorithms to detect. In the past decade, researchers have developed novel methods to detect harmful, machinecontrolled accounts. Most of these methods are supervised and are based on classical machine learning approaches. Recently, unsupervised and adversarial methods have also been researched. What is usually common in all these methods is that the detection is based on account level meta-data and feature extraction. The work presented in this thesis, aims at designing, implementing and evaluating bot detectors that are based on deep-learning models and which do not require account level meta-data nor feature extraction. The thesis work relies on the PAN 2019 Bots and Gender Profiling task dataset where Twitter accounts had to be classified as humans or bots. Furthermore, the thesis shows that deep-learning models can yield an accuracy of 0.89 on the PAN 2019 Bots and Gender Profiling dataset; thus, they can compete with classical machine learning methods. Moreover, the findings of this work also show that pre-trained models will be able to improve the accuracy of deep-learning models.
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Novák, Adrián. „Modelování a simulace BGP“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-403147.
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This Master's thesis deals with modeling and simulation of BGP protocol within the OMNeT++ environment. The BGP protocol is described with employed data structures and the finite state machine of BGP peering. Next, the basic configuration is outlined involving the setup of the BGP protocol on Cisco devices. Further, BGP for OMNeT++ state-of-the-art is investigated together with its lack of functionality and issues. The second part of this thesis deals with design, implementation, and testing of the new functionality of BGP protocol and simulation models. The last section describes the overall achieved results.
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Nesbitt, Robyn. „Not today, but tomorrow“. Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10651.
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Includes bibliographical references.'Not today, but tomorrow', the title of this body of work, references a collection of daily lists I assembled during my first year of the Masters of Fine Arts (MFA) programme. I had written 'not today but tomorrow' on one of my Monday lists and that was all. It seems a fitting description and context for this body of work as I try to hold on to the moment, today, in anticipation of what is yet to come, tomorrow.
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Danielsson, Petra. „Same same, but different“. Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22979.
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Det senaste året har matsvinn som orsakas på grund av att frukter och grönsaker medskönhetsfel slängs uppmärksammats. Uppsatsen undersöker vad man kan tänka på vidframställning av säljbudskap där frukter och grönsaker med abnorma former är i fokus. Hurkan det framgå att det är ett allvarligt budskap och hur får man konsumenter att tilltalas avinnehållet? Vilka teoretiska utgångspunkter finns det för formgivandet av någontingnormavvikande, för att inge förtroende hos de som är möjliga konsumenter?Målet med undersökningen är att, utifrån retoriska och semiotiska teorier och metoder, tareda på om det finns några likheter i utformningen av annonser vars avsikt är att sälja dessaråvaror. För en så rättvis och likgiltig granskning som möjligt av analysmaterialet kommerannonserna från likartade avsändare och medier.Resultatet av undersökning visar att ett antal likheter finns i bildanvändningen, i takt medatt de vill bidra till en positiv attityd gentemot råvarorna i fråga. I förhållande till demresonerar jag kring huruvida mitt designprojekt hade gynnats av att genomgå en liknandeanalys i designprocessens slutskede.The past year, food wastage caused due to fruits and vegetables with blemishes have been highlighted. The essay explores what designers can have in mind at preparation of sales messages, in which fruits and vegetables with abnormal forms are in focus. How will it communicate that there is a serious message and how to get consumers to be addressed by the content? What theoretical approaches can designers relate to while creating standard deviant ads, to inspire those who are potential consumers? The goal of the survey is that, based on rhetorical and semiotic theories and practices, is to find out if there are any similarities in the design of advertisements whose intention is to sell these commodities. To make the analysis as fair and indifferent as possible the material are from similar senders and medias.The result of the survey shows that there are a number of similarities in image usage, alongside that they want to contribute to a positive attitude towards the raw materials in question. In relation to the similarities, the study discusses whether my design project had benefited from undergoing a similar analysis during the final stage of the design process.
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Landrum-Bittles, Jenita. „Confined, but not contained“. The Ohio State University, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1327690698.
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Grayson, Neil R. „The Bit - Collected Stories“. The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555428898931184.
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Blankenship, Cecil, Bill Garris, Mary Langenbrunner, Teresa Brooks Taylor und Teresa Brooks Taylor. „I’m Not Prejudiced, But…“. Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3636.
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Bernard, Florian. „Efficient Asymptotic Preserving Schemes for BGK and ES-BGK models on Cartesian grids“. Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0040/document.
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Dans cette thèse, nous nous sommes intéressés à des écoulements complexes où les régimes hydrodynamique et raréfiés coexistent. On retrouve ce type d'écoulements dans des applications industrielles comme les pompes à vide ou encore les rentrées de capsules spatiales dans l'atmosphère, lorsque la distance entre les molécules de gaz devient si grande que le comportement microscopique des molécules doit être pris en compte. Pour ce faire, nous étudions 2 modèles de l'équation de Boltzmann, le modèle BGK et le modèle ES-BGK. Dans un premier temps, nous développons une nouvelle condition au bord permettant une transition continue de la solution du régime raréfié vers le régime hydrodynamique. Cette nouvelle condition permettant de préserver l'asymptotique vers les équations d'Euler compressible est ensuite incluse dans une méthode de frontière immergée pour traiter, à une précision raisonnable (ordre 2), le cas de solides immergés dans un écoulement, sur grilles cartésiennes. L'utilisation de grillescartésiennes permet une parallélisation aisée du code de simulation numérique afin d'obtenir une réduction considérable du temps de calcul, un des principaux inconvénients des modèles cinétiques. Par la suite, une approche dites aux grilles locales en vitesses est présentée réduisant également le temps de calcul de manière importante (jusqu'à 80%). Des simulations 3D sont également présentées montrant l'efficacité des méthodes. Enfin, le transport passive de particules solides dans un écoulement raréfié est étudié avec l'introduction d'un modèle de type Vlasov couplé au modèle cinétique. Grâce à une résolution basée sur des méthodes de remaillage, la pollution de dispositif optiques embarqués sur des satellites dues à des particules issues de la combustion incomplète dans les moteurs contrôlant d'altitude est étudiéeThis work is devoted to the study of complex flows where hydrodynamic and rarefled regimes coexist. This kind of flows are found in vacuum pumps or hypersonic re-entries of space vehicles where the distance between gas molecules is so large that their microscopicbehaviour differ from the average behaviour of the flow and has be taken into account. We then consider two modelsof the Boltzmann equation viable for such flows: the BGK model dans the ES-BGK model.We first devise a new wall boundary condition ensuring a smooth transition of the solution from the rarefled regime to the hydrodynamic regime. We then describe how this boundary condition (and boundary conditions in general) can be enforced with second order accuracy on an immersed body on Cartesian grids preserving the asymptotic limit towards compressible Euler equations. We exploit the ability of Cartesian grids to massive parallel computations (HPC) to drastically reduce the computational time which is an issue for kinetic models. A new approach considering local velocity grids is then presented showing important gain on the computational time (up to 80%). 3D simulations are also presented showing the efficiency of the methods. Finally, solid particle transport in a rarefied flow is studied. The kinetic model is coupled with a Vlasov-type equation modeling the passive particle transport solved with a method based on remeshing processes. As application, we investigate the realistic test case of the pollution of optical devices carried by satellites due to incompletely burned particles coming from the altitude control thrusters
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Montalvo, Ramirez Luis Anibal. „VLSI implementation of control section of overlapped 3-bit scanning 64-bit multiplier“. Ohio : Ohio University, 1986. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1183141735.
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Dornheim, Bertram. „Sanktionen und ihre Rechtsfolgen im BGB unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des 241 a BGB /“. Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2005. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/480350418.pdf.
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