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Álvarez Faedo, María José. „Teaching Legal English for Company Law: A Guide to Specialism and ELP Teaching Practices and Reference Books“. Revista Alicantina de Estudios Ingleses, Nr. 28 (15.11.2015): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/raei.2015.28.02.
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This article discusses one of the less mainstream areas of ESP teaching, that of legal English for students of company law. The author begins by analysing the approach used by subject-domain specialists themselves and the current criticism regarding the conservative textbook approach which continues to dominate teaching theory in this area. To this effect, she presents the results of a study carried out from October 2014 to March 2015 regarding subject-domain textbooks most used in Law Schools in Australia, Britain, Canada and the USA. The paper then addresses the question of teaching legal English to students of company law. After a brief outline of the three main theories underlying language teaching –behaviourist, cognitive and communicative– the author provides a critical guide to the main course books available to teachers in this rarefied area of specialised language learning, listing the types of exercises proposed, and evoking their overall strengths and weaknesses. To conclude, she suggests means of supplementing course book material.
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Navaneedhan, C. Girija, und T. J. Kamalanabhan. „What Is Meant by Cognitive Structures? How Does It Influence Teaching –Learning of Psychology?“ IRA International Journal of Education and Multidisciplinary Studies (ISSN 2455-2526) 7, Nr. 2 (28.05.2017): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jems.v7.n2.p5.
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<div><p><em>Cognitive structures are the basic mental pattern people use to process any information. Metaphorical thinking being one of the mental tool present innate in human beings which when practiced consciously could help developing cognitive structures in turn help to process information. According to Jean Piaget and William Perry learning is facilitated by the mechanism comprising symbolic representations of the mental processes that is actively constructed by the learners based on the existing cognitive structures. Therefore, teaching/learning process should focus on the development of existing intellectual framework. Unlike the behaviourist approach, knowledge is acquired by the learner through intentional mental representations derived from past learning experiences. Teacher’s role is to facilitate the learners with resources to build new knowledge to old and to modify the old to accommodate the new. The present paper focuses on how cognitive structures help in processing information by implementing metaphorical thinking statements in teaching/leaning process.</em></p></div>
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Randma, Tiia, und Urve Venesaar. „Does the general education school curriculum support the development of enterprising people?“ Baltic Journal of Management 11, Nr. 2 (04.04.2016): 142–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bjm-02-2015-0029.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether the national education standard (curriculum, NC) supports the development of enterprising behaviour and the constructivist approach to learning at the general education level? Design/methodology/approach – New methodology was designed based on the assessment of the evidence and frequency of the incidence of the indicators supporting enterprising behaviour in the text of the NC. A content analysis method is used to systematically code and categorize the target indicators from the text of the NC. According to the frequency of indicators that support enterprising behaviour the extent of support is assessed in different parts of the NC. Findings – The findings of this study show that, while the general part of the NC fully reflects the development of attitudes and skills related to enterprising behaviour, in the competences and learning outcomes of the other parts of the NC, some indicators of enterprising behaviour have only moderate support. This shows that entrepreneurial attitudes are not fully recognized as an educational aim in general education, and for the purposes of moving from a behaviourist to a constructivist educational approach, rethinking and reformulating the learning outcomes in the NC is necessary. Research limitations/implications – The critical aspects are: first, NC formats may differ between countries, and hence, the suggested analysis may suffer from limited replicability; second, the most critical aspect is that the present work analyses only the learning outcomes of the written NC, which is the basis for real action in the classroom. Practical implications – The contribution of the current study may be summed up in three main issues: first, methodology for evaluating the extent to which the NC supports the development of enterprising behaviour; second, the need to rethink and reformulate the learning outcomes in the NC (e.g. for natural sciences); and third, evidence of the conflict between the expectations of society and the aims of education. The research results are providing objective feedback to educational experts, policymakers and practitioners to help schools innovate and support the education of enterprising people in general education. Social implications – The research is an initiative supported by society and directed to support the learning of entrepreneurial behaviour of pupils at the schools of general education and use of constructivist learning approach. Originality/value – The current study is contributing to the methodology of analysing the written national curricula at the general education level for identification the evidence and frequency of the indicators of enterprising behaviour in different parts of curriculum. The methodology elaborated and the results of this study may be considered applicable for the analysis of NC in other countries. In the future, the NC in connection with real teaching practice should be studied, focusing on finding new solutions to support the education of enterprising people in schools.
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Zhao, Yanmin, und James Ko. „How do teaching quality and pedagogical practice enhance vocational student engagement? A mixed-method classroom observation approach“. International Journal of Educational Management 34, Nr. 6 (10.02.2020): 987–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijem-11-2019-0393.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate vocational teaching behaviours in facilitating pedagogical practice concerning students' classroom engagement.Design/methodology/approachA mixed-method approach with quantitative classroom observations and qualitative field notes was conducted at two higher vocational institutions in Guangdong province, south of China. Sixty lesson observations were rated combining with supplementary field notes from 20 teacher participants analysed through a comparative coding process.FindingsMeans of dimensions of teaching behaviours and student engagement were calculated based on taking the averages of the means of items theoretically associated with each dimension. Through thematic analysis of observational notes, vocational instructions and students' engagement in vocational learning environment were more diversified in terms of vocational teaching practice, which manifested that vocational teaching behaviours focused more on adjusting students' practical learning.Research limitationsThe limitation is shown that the quantitative sample is small, yet affords greater depth of data for further discussion.Originality/valueThis study develops its setting and orientation by applying the classroom observation instrument into the Chinese high vocational context and offers more in-depth insights and exploration of the characteristics of teaching practice in vocational classrooms.
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Graham, Deryn. „Embedding employability behaviours“. Journal of Work-Applied Management 9, Nr. 1 (05.06.2017): 35–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jwam-01-2017-0001.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to look at how employability is currently embedded within courses to prepare students for their transition into the world of work, identifying the teaching and learning strategies employed. Design/methodology/approach A review of the relevant literature was conducted. The study analysed experiential data and the logged reports of student work placements over a period of five years, to determine the relationship of such placements to both academic results and long term employability. The study considered placements from the viewpoints of the university, students and employers. It proceeded to look at the current embedding of employability within the teaching curriculum, specifically teaching and learning strategies for personal professional development courses and the employability passport. It also looked at the role of the work placement tutor. Findings The main revelation was that the employability skills sought by employers were mostly “soft” and therefore behaviours, rather than “hard” teachable skills, which has significant implications for the introduction of the teaching excellence framework (TEF) and the provision of suitable metrics. Research limitations/implications The study and findings are limited to a single university in the UK. Originality/value The results of the study and conclusions drawn from the analysis of findings, led to the identification of the student, institution, tutor, employer) quartet of actors for employability. The paper also postulates the ramifications of the introduction of the TEF on employability.
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Duarte, Fernanda. „Teaching organizational power and politics through a critical pedagogical approach“. Journal of Management & Organization 16, Nr. 5 (November 2010): 715–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1833367200001826.
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AbstractRe-visiting the ideas of some key educational thinkers and critical management theorists, this paper re-affirms the need for a critical pedagogy of organizational power and politics to foster deeper levels of reflection and ethical attitudes among undergraduate management students. While prescriptive pedagogical approaches can impart knowledge that may be useful to future managers, they often encourage a shallow and instrumental view of power in which profits are placed above ethics, and expediency above morality. As argued here, a critical pedagogy will encourage a more productive analysis of power-related phenomena in organizations, and will nurture attitudes and behaviours that can humanize management practice. The first part of the paper examines the key theoretical concepts of the proposed approach, the second discusses a set of themes emerging from a critical analysis of organizational power and politics in a management subject, and the third discusses common challenges encountered by academics committed to critical approaches.
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Duarte, Fernanda. „Teaching organizational power and politics through a critical pedagogical approach“. Journal of Management & Organization 16, Nr. 5 (November 2010): 715–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/jmo.2010.16.5.715.
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AbstractRe-visiting the ideas of some key educational thinkers and critical management theorists, this paper re-affirms the need for a critical pedagogy of organizational power and politics to foster deeper levels of reflection and ethical attitudes among undergraduate management students. While prescriptive pedagogical approaches can impart knowledge that may be useful to future managers, they often encourage a shallow and instrumental view of power in which profits are placed above ethics, and expediency above morality. As argued here, a critical pedagogy will encourage a more productive analysis of power-related phenomena in organizations, and will nurture attitudes and behaviours that can humanize management practice. The first part of the paper examines the key theoretical concepts of the proposed approach, the second discusses a set of themes emerging from a critical analysis of organizational power and politics in a management subject, and the third discusses common challenges encountered by academics committed to critical approaches.
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Febriani, Suci Ramadhanti, Wahyuni Wahyuni, Muhamad Bisri Ihwan und Wildana Wargadinata. „Istirātījiyyāt Ta’līm Mahārah Al-Kalām ‘ala Dhou’ Al-Nazariyyah Al-Sulūkiyyah “Behaviorism Theory” bima’had Al-Ansor Padang Sidempuan“. Al-Ta'rib : Jurnal Ilmiah Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Arab IAIN Palangka Raya 8, Nr. 1 (24.06.2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.23971/altarib.v8i1.1892.
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One of the most important aspects of learning is the strategy. Basically every educational institution has diverse strategies in delivering learning materials. As a typical educational institution, Pesantren has a unique learning strategy. This study aims to uncover the learning strategies of speaking skills in the al-Ansar boarding school and the learning of speaking skills based on the theory of behaviourism. This research used a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study research method. Researchers obtained data through observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis was done through classification, data presentation, and drawing conclusions based on Milles and Huberman's theories. The results of this study are as follwos. 1) Strategies for teaching speaking skills are: Shobah al-lughah, Tabligh, language festival competitions and application of substantive conversation, language gam., 2) Strategies for teaching speaking skills in behaviourism theory are Shobah al-lughah, Tabligh and language festival competitions. The findings generated in this study were the learning of speaking skills using behaviourism theory gradually affect the students' speaking skills.
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White, Paul J., Ian Larson, Kim Styles, Elizabeth Yuriev, Darrell R. Evans, P. K. Rangachari, Jennifer L. Short et al. „Adopting an active learning approach to teaching in a research-intensive higher education context transformed staff teaching attitudes and behaviours“. Higher Education Research & Development 35, Nr. 3 (18.11.2015): 619–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2015.1107887.
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Klutse, Geoffrey Yao. „A Novel Approach to Integrated Science Teaching and Learning in a Selected Ghanaian Junior High School“. European Educational Researcher 4, Nr. 1 (15.02.2021): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31757/euer.411.
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The study was about a novel approach to Integrated Science teaching and learning in a selected Ghanaian junior high school. In this study, the approach to teaching and learning Integrated Science has been made entirely new and meaningful in the sense that the four learning behaviours (acquisition of knowledge, comprehension, application of knowledge and experimental skills) which constitute profile dimensions were incorporated into the objective-stating, lesson-delivery and assessment of lessons. The researcher made use of profile dimensions in preparing lesson plans, taught students with the new strategy and assessed the impact of the new approach on students in terms of teaching and learning of science. The students were highly interested in answering low order question. About 80% of the questions were high order questions which were poorly answered. They actually showed very little interest in answering high order questions. However, as the weeks went by and the approach to teaching the new strategy was improved, students’ interests were aroused and sustained leading to students demonstrating high ability to answer high order questions conveniently. By the end of the study, the students were able to set up and conduct experiments, observe the outcome and draw their own conclusions. The students could classify items based on their characteristics and discuss issues (like balanced diet) and outline the effect of malnutrition in animals. Students’ scientific drawings were neater and clearer with less woolen lines. The implication of the finding is that, with these learning behaviours and skills, students could do analytical thinking and have the capacity to apply their knowledge to problems and issues.
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Fitriya, Sharyfah Nur. „An Evaluation of the Preference-Based Teaching Approach for children with Dyslexia and Challenging Behaviours“. Asia Pacific Journal of Developmental Differences 6, Nr. 2 (31.07.2019): 152–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/s234573411900023x.
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Alkhateeb, Mohammad Ahmad. „The degree practices for mathematics teachers STEM education“. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences 13, Nr. 3 (30.09.2018): 360–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/cjes.v13i3.3010.
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The study aimed to investigate the teaching practices for mathematics teachers based on science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) in Jordan. Descriptive analytical approach was used through observing the teachers’ teaching in accordance with STEM. The study sample encompassed 30 teachers of mathematics in Zarqa city who were chosen randomly. The study results showed there are seven behaviours performed by the mathematics teachers in a medium degree consistent with STEM, and 14 behaviours by low-grade mathematics teachers are consistent with STEM. The results also revealed that there were not any differences between those practices attributed to qualifications and years of experience variables.
Keywords: Mathematics teachers, science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM), scientific qualifications, experience.
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Bogan, Jeffrey, und Pam Hartley. „A Developmental and Functional Approach Towards Students with Brain Injuries“. Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologist 9, Nr. 1 (Mai 1992): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0816512200026560.
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ABSTRACTChildren who suffer traumatic brain injury frequently experience difficulties in those behaviours represented as “executive” or prefrontal lobe functioning. In an educational setting these may involve disorganisation, difficulty moving from one activity to another, following rules, and staying on task to complete activities. Return to school involves a three-phase process: (1) an assessment period where school is viewed as a vehicle for stability; (2) modification of the school environment; and (3) student strategies. For the assessment phase, checklists are based on neurobehavioural sequelae of brain injuries in children and classified according to functional categories of Personal/Social, Work Habits, and Cognitive/Communicative behaviours. These are used to generate teaching and learning strategies for the second and third phases. One approach presently under trial is the development of executive skill training involving student plans. Student plans provide a framework for training students to generalise from one activity to another. Recent research provides some promise for the efficacy of this approach. The challenge to those working in rehabilitation of students with brain injuries, particularly where the frontal lobes are implicated, is to develop a process where students can recognise there is a problem, apply strategies across settings, unprompted, and monitor their performance. These are the very dysexecutive behaviours typical of students with brain injuries.
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Esposti, Mirko Degli, Olivia Bernardi und Luciana Sacchetti. „The Unibo energy saving and climate change approach“. E3S Web of Conferences 48 (2018): 03002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184803002.
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For the university of Bologna, the core of sustainability combines both environmental and social dimensions: enhancement of the territory, ensuring its protection and the renewal of its natural resources and the ability of the parties involved, encouraged by the concerted efforts of the various institutions, to work together effectively. The commitment of the university is to reduce the impact on the environment deriving from its activities and to encourage the community to assume responsible and environmentally respectful behaviours. Since 2016, the university integrates its Strategic Plan with a rereading of the 17 UN SDGs and reports the direct and indirect impact produced in the dimensions of teaching, research and third mission.
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Shui Ng, Wing. „A Self-assessment Approach to Adolescents’ Cyberethics Education“. Journal of Information Technology Education: Research 19 (2020): 555–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4623.
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Aim/Purpose: Teachers usually educate students’ cyberethics using debate, case-based discussion, and role-playing instructional methods in a face-to-face setting. With the presence of teacher and peers, students may not be willing to share their true attitudes, and it may affect the effectiveness of the teaching methods. To tackle the challenge, the author applied a teaching method with a core component of a pressure-free self-assessment approach to improving adolescents’ cyberethics education. This study aimed to explore the impact of the self-assessment method on students’ self-knowledge and self-awareness of cyberethics. Background: Since people usually use their own devices in an individual environment to participate in online activities, going online can be regarded as a private act. The behaviours of youngsters in the online environment may be different from that in the classroom when they are engaged in a face-to-face discussion, especially as they are not required to use their real names to go online. Research has suggested that youngsters have a higher inclination to misbehave online. Together with the fact that they are regular Internet users, and they are overrepresented online, there is an urgent need to foster ethical online behaviour in adolescents. Methodology: A group of 28 students of age about 14 participated in this study. They were studying in secondary level 3 of a government-subsidised secondary school. All of them were required to take an information technology course in their formal curriculum. The researcher applied a framework of adolescents’ cyberethics education to nurture the students with appropriate cyberethics. It includes four dimensions, namely information security, privacy, intellectual property and netiquette. In the first phase of the teaching method, the students received a lecture on cyberethics to obtain related knowledge. In the second phase, the students were engaged in a self-assessment exercise on cyberethics. Data were collected using a knowledge test, a questionnaire, and the self-assessment exercise. Contribution: This paper highlights the challenge arisen from the face-to-face setting of commonly used instructional methods of cyberethics education, such as role-playing and debate. This study suggested a self-assessment teaching method with the rationales underpinned by theories in the area of social psychology. This paper provides detailed elaboration on the instructional method. The author also suggested a framework of adolescents’ cyberethics education. Findings: The students considered the self-assessment exercise allowed them to reflect on their attitudes on cyberethics. It thereby enhanced their self-knowledge on cyberethics. They also expressed that the method was more effective for self-reflection compared with commonly used instructional methods. Moreover, importantly, they stated that they would be more aware of cyberethics in their future online activities. Recommendations for Practitioners: Teachers are advised to use a self-assessment exercise together with commonly used instructional methods, such as case-based discussion, debate, and role-playing, in their future practices of cyberethics education. Recommendation for Researchers: Researchers could consider youngsters’ cognitive and psychological development, and social and emotional factors to improve adolescents’ cyberethics education. Impact on Society: It is anticipated that youngsters would have a higher level of awareness to uphold information security, protect privacy, respect intellectual property and maintain appropriate netiquette. They could then demonstrate more appropriate behaviours when they go online after receiving cyberethics education using the approach elaborated in this paper. Future Research: It is valuable to explore how different factors in cognitive, psychological, social, and emotional domains affect youngsters’ online behaviours. Future research may also design effective instructional methods to improve adolescents’ cyberethics education.
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Fisher, Keren, Moira Nurse und Paul Kennedy. „Teaching Nurses Behavioural Methods for Pain Management: A Pilot Study“. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 17, Nr. 3 (Juli 1989): 283–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0141347300016712.
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This study explores the possibility of teaching nurses behavioural tehniques so that patients with intractable pain problems can be treated confidently, and subjective labelling, which obstructs a goal oriented approach, can be avoided.Three seminars were given which included formal teaching, role-plays and practical between-session tasks.Of the four assessment procedures used, the nurses showed a significant change in their knowledge of behavioural principles, their attitudes to disabled people, and their response to pain behaviours. Their ability to specify problem behaviour did not improve and some reasons for this are discussed
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Putica, Katarina B., und Dragica D. Trivić. „IMPROVING HIGH-SCHOOL STUDENTS’ CONCEPTUAL UNDERSTANDING AND FUNCTIONALIZATION OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT DIGESTION THROUGH THE APPLICATION OF THE INTERDISCIPLINARY TEACHING APPROACH“. Journal of Baltic Science Education 16, Nr. 1 (25.02.2017): 123–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/jbse/17.16.123.
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Adolescents are considered as a nutritionally vulnerable subgroup because of their alimentary behaviours. Considering that alimentary habits are strongly influenced by knowledge about digestion, an experiment was conducted with aim to determine whether conceptual understanding and functionalization of this knowledge can be improved by the interdisciplinary teaching approach. The experiment encompassed 258 students attending the fourth year of high school. No statistically significant difference in the level of the previously acquired chemistry, biology and physics knowledge concerning digestion between the two groups was determined on the pre-test. Conversely, the students in the experimental group significantly outperformed those in the control group on the post-test that required a deep understanding and the application of knowledge about digestion in solving real-life problems. Therefore, it was concluded that high- school teachers can be advised to apply the interdisciplinary teaching approach in order to improve their students' knowledge about this process. Key words: conceptual understanding, process of digestion, functionalization of acquired knowledge, interdisciplinary teaching approach.
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Nah, Yong-Hwee. „Pre-school teachers’ perceptions of challenging behaviours of students with autism spectrum disorder within inclusive settings“. Advances in Autism 6, Nr. 3 (26.03.2020): 205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aia-05-2019-0013.
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Purpose Students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have challenging behaviours that can create significant teaching challenges in group settings such as in mainstream pre-school inclusive settings. This study aims to identify and understand, from the perspectives of mainstream pre-school teachers in Singapore, the type of common challenging behaviours observed in pre-schoolers (mean age = 4.5 years, SD = 1.1, range = 3-6) with ASD. Design/methodology/approach Participants consisted of 62 teachers (mean age = 35.8 years; SD = 10.8) teaching in mainstream pre-school centres located in Singapore completed an open-ended survey. Twelve codes were generated and served as guidelines for coding the qualitative data. Codes with similar themes were then grouped to form four construct categories: social communication, restricted and repetitive behaviours, attention and learning and others. Findings Results indicated that difficulty with change/transition and social/peer interaction were the most concerning issues across all settings, whereas “lesson time” and “circle time” were the two most common activities/settings in which the concerns were reported by teachers. Originality/value Findings from this paper may add to the limited research looking at the challenging behaviours exhibited by children with ASD in mainstream pre-school settings in Singapore. Understanding the type of challenging behaviours presented in pre-schoolers with ASD and the activities/settings in which these behaviours occur may help the teachers to link the difficulties to specific interventions to further support their inclusion in a mainstream pre-school setting.
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Dos Santos, Luis. „The Cultural Cognitive Development of Personal Beliefs and Classroom Behaviours of Adult Language Instructors: A Qualitative Inquiry“. Brain Sciences 8, Nr. 12 (11.12.2018): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci8120220.
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The researcher employed personal belief system (PBS) theory as the theoretical foundation for this study because it holds that teachers’ PBSs may influence their teaching behaviours, teaching styles, and pedagogies in classroom practice due to cultural influences. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore how teachers’ personal beliefs influence how they teach and how their approach may align with or diverge from cultural expectations in a private adult learning facility for English learning in Macau Special Administrative Region, China. The participants in this study were classroom teachers in a learning community who believe in collaborating to create environments for best practices. Two main research questions guided this study: (1) What is the relationship between teachers’ personal belief systems and their classroom practice; and (2) How does a teacher’s educational experience as a K-12 student affect their pedagogy in an adult English language learning program? Three types of data collection methods were employed: interview, classroom observation, and field note taking. The findings showed that teachers utilize their personal belief systems to engage their students through interactive teaching strategies, which was counter-intuitive for both teachers and students who had been taught with Eastern teaching styles. This study contributed to personal belief system theory and broadens the understanding of the perspectives and concepts of English teaching and supervision. The beliefs of teachers influenced their understanding of teaching and their classroom practices.
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Song, Moo Kyoung, und You Jin Kim. „Speaking of your own repertoire: an investigation of music performance during practice“. British Journal of Music Education 37, Nr. 3 (30.04.2020): 260–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026505172000008x.
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AbstractThe purpose of this study was to explore musicians’ approaches to performance during practice and identify the factors that underpinned their approaches. We hypothesised that musicians would be able to recall their focus, knowledge and thoughts of their own repertoire during music performance and that such data would reveal musicians’ cognitive behaviours during the performance. By analysing musicians’ retrospective verbal protocols, we found that musicians used four main reasoning processes – study, static analysis, intuition and performer’s analysis – in their approach to music performance. The findings show that musicians utilise multiple cognitive behaviours for music performance. The implications for instrumental music teaching are discussed.
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Docherty, Barbara, Nicolette Sheridan und Timothy Kenealy. „Developing Brief Opportunistic Interactions: practitioners facilitate patients to identify and change health risk behaviours at an early preventive stage“. Primary Health Care Research & Development 17, Nr. 04 (20.11.2015): 319–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1463423615000511.
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AimTo identify shortcomings in existing models of patient behaviour change, and present the development and testing of a novel approach using practitioner facilitation and person-focussed conversations that identifies and addresses behaviours at an earlier stage than current models.BackgroundSystematic strategies used by health professionals to change patient behaviours began with motivational interviewing and brief intervention approaches for serious addictive behaviours. Practitioners typically presume they should drive the process of patient behaviour change. Attempts to transfer these approaches to primary care, and a broader range of health risk behaviours, have been less successful. The TADS programme (Tobacco, Alcohol and Other Drugs, later Training and Development Services) began teaching motivational interviewing and brief interventions to practitioners in New Zealand in 1996. Formal and informal evaluations showed that practitioners used screening tools that patients rejected and that led to incomplete disclosure, used language that did not engage patients, failed to identify the behaviours patients wished to address and therefore misdirected interventions.MethodsIterative development of new tools with input from patients and primary care clinicians.FindingsThe TADS programme developed a questionnaire whose results remained private to the patient, which enabled the patient to identify personal behaviours that they might choose to change (the TADS Personal Assessment Choice Tool). This was assisted by a brief conversation that facilitated and supported any change prioritised by the patient (the TADS Brief Opportunistic Interaction). The need for this approach, and its effectiveness, appeared to be similar across adults, youth, different ethnic groups and people in different socio-economic circumstances. Behaviours patients identified were often linked to other health risk behaviours or early-stage mental health disorders that were not easily detected by practitioner-driven screening or inquiry. The long-term effectiveness of this approach in different populations in primary health care settings requires further evaluation.
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Braßler, Mirjam, und Sandra Sprenger. „Fostering Sustainability Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviours through a Tutor-Supported Interdisciplinary Course in Education for Sustainable Development“. Sustainability 13, Nr. 6 (22.03.2021): 3494. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063494.
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Extant research into the efficacy of—especially interdisciplinary—higher education for sustainable development (HESD) is limited. A need exists to investigate students’ development of sustainability knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours. Furthermore, universities have experienced difficulties implementing interdisciplinary HESD because of organisational barriers due to monodisciplinary structures, as well as educators’ and students’ reservations. This study introduces an interdisciplinary approach to HESD and investigates its efficacy regarding students’ development of sustainability knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours at a university in Germany. The approach applies a series of lectures by different sustainability experts accompanied by several tutorials that support students’ interdisciplinary learning and teamwork towards an interdisciplinary sustainability product. Tutors were trained in interdisciplinary teaching methods, as well as interdisciplinary communication and conflict management, beforehand. Before participating in the interdisciplinary course, the students had a moderate level of sustainability knowledge and behaviour, and a high level of sustainability attitudes. The results from the pre–post-test analysis indicate an increase in students’ sustainability knowledge and behaviours, and no change in students’ sustainability attitudes. If typical barriers to interdisciplinarity are mitigated, interdisciplinary HESD can facilitate students’ development.
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Mascarenhas, Carla, Luis Mendes, Carla Marques und Anderson Galvão. „Exploring CSR’s influence on employees’ attitudes and behaviours in higher education“. Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal 11, Nr. 4 (25.04.2020): 653–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sampj-04-2018-0101.
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Purpose Despite the recognised importance of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in higher education institutions (HEIs), research concerning CSR’s influence on employees’ attitudes and behaviours is still understudied. Grounded in the theory of social identity, this study aims to explore CSR’s impact on employees’ work engagement, job satisfaction and organisational identification in an HEI context. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected in a northern Portugal public HEI through a self-administered questionnaire distributed to both teaching and supporting staff. A structural equation modelling (SEM) approach was applied to data collected from 171 employees, using the partial least squares-SEM approach. Findings Overall, the findings show that CSR is strongly associated with work engagement, job satisfaction, identification with the organisation and perceived organisational support, confirming the hypothesised influence of HEI’s CSR development efforts on study-related attitudes. Practical implications Findings reinforce the need for HEIs to integrate CSR and human resource strategies and to pay special attention to CSR communication strategies. Social implications Findings reinforce the need for HEI to develop adequate CSR strategies because these have a significant influence on employees’ satisfaction at work, and thus on employees’ well-being in general. Originality/value This study contributes to attenuate the lack of literature on CSR’s impacts on employee behaviours.
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Symonds, Gwyn. „“Not Taking it Personally”: “Performing” the Teacher’s “Role” and Responding to Challenging Behaviours“. Australasian Journal of Special Education 27, Nr. 1 (2003): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1030011200024994.
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This paper views the teacher’s role as “performance,”; as Acting theory defines it. This paradigm for teacher reflection allows practitioners working with students with challenging behaviours to mark out a space in which to operate where teacher response can avoid negative emotionalism, stress and personalisation of conflict with the student. This approach recognises that there is a “role”; that is played by teachers which is both professional and adopted, separate from the sense of self and personal identity that can be wounded by student oppositional behaviour, particularly if it is abusive. Being alert to aspects of performing that role enables teacher response to challenging behaviours to be de-personalised, thus increasing the teacher’s sense of self-efficacy, the effectiveness of interventions that defuse oppositional behaviour and effective student learning. Some of the delivery techniques of the craft of acting (body awareness, tone, breathing), and the concepts of the classroom as “stage”; and positive reinforcement as “script”; are discussed to assist teachers to bridge the gap between knowledge of the skills of positive reinforcement and positive correction and their implementation. The paradigm under discussion has been developed from my own professional experience in ED/BD classes, from imparting training and development on de-stressing the management of challenging behaviours to teachers and teaching assistants, as well as to practicum students under my supervision, and from the delivery of parent education courses to parents of students with oppositional behaviours. The methodological comparison between aspects of Acting theory and the performance of teaching is offered as an aid to enhance a professional, calm, and astute approach to the implementation of positive reinforcement and positive correction techniques. The use of Acting theory enables a professional mind shift for teacher reflection so that negative stimuli to student behaviour problems from teacher responses can be avoided.
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O’Toole, Leah, Claire Regan und Agnieszka Nowak-Łojewska. „„To learn with” as an alternative voice for children’s education. Introduction to a European Project: Teaching for Holistic, Relational and Inclusive Early Childhood Education (THRIECE)“. Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny 64, Nr. 1(251) (24.04.2019): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.1858.
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Th e issue of the text focuses on the category of learning. The analysis of the term “learning” in the behaviouristic, humanistic and the interpretive aspects serves as a point of departure. The latter approach is exploited for further analyses in order to select the category “to learn with…”. This category is described in terms of the European Project THRIECE – Teaching for Holistic, Relational and Inclusive Early Childhood Education and presents its potential for children’s education in cognitive, emotional and social aspects.
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Smith, Teresa M., Genevieve F. Dunton, Courtney A. Pinard und Amy L. Yaroch. „Factors influencing food preparation behaviours: findings from focus groups with Mexican-American mothers in southern California“. Public Health Nutrition 19, Nr. 5 (14.08.2015): 841–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015001949.
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AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of the present study was to explore food preparation behaviours, attitudes, meal planning and shopping among Mexican-American mothers.DesignData were collected through four focus groups with mothers of Mexican origin/ancestry who considered themselves to be the primary food preparer. Topics included food preparation behaviours and influencers (culture, family, attitudes, barriers, meal planning and shopping). Data were analysed using a qualitative grounded theory approach. All focus groups were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and coded for themes.SettingData were collected in southern California, USA in 2013.SubjectsOf the sample of twenty-one Mexican-American mothers, thirteen were born outside the USA and the mean household size was five members.ResultsParticipants reported that food was often prepared using traditional staples and food preparation behaviours were learned from maternal family members. Participants also suggested that health was influenced by foods eaten and how they were prepared. Salient factors influencing food preparation behaviours included culture and tradition, maternal family members’ food preparation behaviours, food preparation self-efficacy and attitudes towards healthy eating. Time and busy schedules were cited as barriers.ConclusionsFuture interventions should consider utilizing family-based approaches and teaching culturally relevant food preparation skills, especially to youth, while reinforcing more healthful dietary practices.
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Leach, David J. „The Contribution of Behavioural Approaches to Children's Education and Development“. Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologist 8, Nr. 1 (Mai 1991): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s081651220002633x.
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Behavioural approaches to instructional consultation, problem-solving and teaching children have their base in operant psychology. In their modern forms they appear variously under labels such as Applied Behaviour Analysis (Sulzer-Azaroff & Mayer, 1986), Direct Instruction (Englemann & Carnine, 1982) and Precision Teaching (Haring, Lovitt, Eaton & Hansen, 1978). They involve the systematic application of scientifically-based processes and procedures which produce learning to a sequence of chosen facts and concepts (‘knowing about’) and behaviours and skills (‘knowing how’). Three illustrative intervention studies which highlight some key characteristics of behavioural approaches to working with children are presented. These permit useful comparisons between a behavioural approach and some current ‘developmental’ and ‘educational’ orientations.
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Ferreira, Maria Clotilde Rossetti. „The Study of Behavioural Development in Brazil: Contemporary Research, Teaching and Practice“. International Journal of Behavioral Development 8, Nr. 2 (Juni 1985): 139–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016502548500800202.
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Some notes on the history of psychology in Brazil, in terms of undergraduate and postgraduate training, provide a background for the understanding of present trends in research, teaching and practice in the field of behavioural development. Research work on any aspect of psychology in Brazil is closely intertwined with postgraduate programs. Most of them began in the seventies and are concentrated in the south-eastern regions of the country. The two basic theoretical influences on research are behaviourism and cognitivism, although an ethological orientation is evident in several recent studies. A review of the work of various research groups indicates great progress in behavioural studies during the last few years. An action-oriented approach clearly prevails, involving work with underpriviledged and mentally retarded children. The rate of scientific production measured in terms of published papers and books, however, remains extremely low. Efforts are being made to improve the scientific communication system, although serious limitations are imposed by the difficult economical situation of the country.
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Alden Rivers, Bethany, Alejandro Armellini und Ming Nie. „Embedding social innovation and social impact across the disciplines“. Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning 5, Nr. 3 (10.08.2015): 242–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/heswbl-10-2014-0051.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose an attributes framework for embedding “Changemaker” – a university initiative for promoting social innovation and social impact – across the disciplines at the University of Northampton. Design/methodology/approach – The study is based on the authors’ (2015) phenomenographic study that proposed five different conceptions of Changemaker held by academic staff: (1) Changemaker as institutional strategy; (2) Changemaker as critical thinking, perspective shifting and problem solving; (3) Changemaker as employability; (4) Changemaker as social betterment; and (5) Changemaker as personal transformation. The present study explores pedagogic literature to identify skills, behaviours and attributes associated with each of these five categories. Findings – Findings from this literature review inform a set of Changemaker attributes, which offers a framework to consider skills and behaviours associated with the five conceptions of Changemaker. Research limitations/implications – The conceptions of Changemaker, that form the basis of the Changemaker attributes, represent the beliefs of teaching staff at the University of Northampton. Despite inherent limitations, the approach of using practice-based empirical findings to develop pedagogical tools may be of direct benefit to other education providers as they develop their own models for teaching and learning. Practical implications – The Changemaker attributes will be used by the University of Northampton during the design, approval and review of courses to ensure that social innovation and social impact is embedded across the disciplines. Academic staff can refer these attributes when designing assessments and for inspiration towards innovative teaching practice. Originality/value – The findings of this study will provide a point of reference for other higher education institutions as they look for guidance on embedding social innovation and social impact into their curriculum.
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Chawla, Vaibhav. „The effect of workplace spirituality on salespeople's organisational deviant behaviours: research propositions and practical implications“. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 29, Nr. 3 (04.03.2014): 199–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-08-2012-0134.
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Purpose – Recent survey data suggest that salespeople's organisational deviant behaviours such as fudging an expense report, putting off work-related duties to attend to personal things etc. are growing uncontrollably out in the field. Directed towards the goal of mitigating these behaviours, this research attempts to apply the novel perspective of workplace spirituality. Jurkiewicz and Giacalone's value framework of workplace spirituality which consists of ten values (benevolence, generativity, humanism, integrity, justice, mutuality, receptivity, respect, responsibility and trust) is used to propose the theoretical linkages with salespeople's organisational deviant behaviours. The paper concludes with directions for further research, managerial implications and teaching implications. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is a conceptual work, which derives research propositions from an extended literature review. Findings – It is proposed that the ten values (benevolence, generativity, humanism, integrity, justice, mutuality, receptivity, respect, responsibility and trust) of value framework of workplace spirituality negatively affect salespeople's organizational deviant behaviours. Research limitations/implications – Future research can extend the conceptual framework to salespeople's interpersonal and frontline deviant behaviours. Practical implications – First, this paper attempts to help sales managers to fight out the epidemic of deviant behaviours by suggesting that adopting workplace spirituality could reduce salespeople's organisational deviant behaviours. Second, by proposing negative effect on organisational deviant behaviours, this paper extends the list of potential benefits of workplace spirituality in sales organisation to suggest that adopting workplace spirituality could be a sound sales strategy. Originality/value – This is the first study in marketing literature which attempts to integrate workplace spirituality and salespeople's negative (deviant) behaviours.
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Álvarez-Suárez, Pedro, Pedro Vega-Marcote und Ricardo Garcia Mira. „Sustainable consumption: a teaching intervention in higher education“. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 15, Nr. 1 (20.12.2013): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijshe-06-2011-0044.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe and analyse a teaching strategy designed to increase the awareness of trainee teachers and educate them with regard to sustainable consumption. Design/methodology/approach – Ninety-four subjects (trainee teachers) were assessed on their knowledge of the environmental impacts of consumerism, their attitudes to sustainable consumption and their behavioural intentions before (pre-test) and after (post-test) the teaching intervention took place. Findings – Statistical analysis of the results obtained revealed that subjects increased their knowledge of the social and environmental impacts of consumerism, became more aware of the need to take action in this regard, and developed behaviours oriented towards a sustainable model of consumption. Research limitations/implications – The proper application of an educational strategy of this nature requires more time than that actually assigned to the teaching intervention itself. This obstacle was overcome by using the time envisaged by the European Space for Higher Education, but the outcome could not be monitored. Practical implications – A reduction of individual and collective consumption in universities. Originality/value – The study demonstrates the possibilities of an educational strategy that when applied to trainee teachers in higher education promotes sustainable consumption.
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Choong, Yuen Onn, Lee Peng Ng, Seow Ai Na und Chun Eng Tan. „The role of teachers’ self-efficacy between trust and organisational citizenship behaviour among secondary school teachers“. Personnel Review 49, Nr. 3 (08.11.2019): 864–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pr-10-2018-0434.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of teachers’ perception on trust over their willingness to exercise organisational citizenship behaviours (OCB) using self-efficacy as a mediator. Design/methodology/approach Usable questionnaires were collected from 411 teachers in secondary schools. A two-stage analytic approach was used to analyse the data. Findings The results indicated that trust and teachers’ self-efficacy dimensions (general teaching and personal teaching) are positively related to OCB. Additionally, trust in the principal, colleagues and clients are predicted to have indirect influence on OCB through self-efficacy. Practical implications Teachers’ personal sense of efficacy is largely dependent on the amount of efforts devoted in their teaching, their decision-making ability and the degree of persistency in solving problematic issues. School management and policy makers are urged to develop effective human resources initiatives and programmes that can create a trusting relationship in the organisation and enhance teachers’ self-efficacy. These may include the socialisation programmes that can inculcate teachers’ inner natures, confidence and interpersonal skills when directed towards perceived abilities in given specific tasks and responsibilities to make a significant impact on OCB. Apart from this, the school administrator is advised to offer relevant training and workshops that able to enhance the efficacy level of teachers. Originality/value This study explored how teachers’ self-efficacy was related to trust and OCB. Teachers’ positive behaviours enable them to have greater belief in their capability of handling pressures and crises. The study contributes to the current body of literature and creates a comprehensive theoretical framework for teachers to be involved in OCB. Besides, these unique findings served as a reference to management of any school to better understand the importance of trust in the school and how it relates to teacher self-efficacy, which, in turn nurture the citizenship behaviour in workplace.
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Rossi, Pier Giuseppe. „Alignment“. EDUCATION SCIENCES AND SOCIETY, Nr. 2 (Dezember 2016): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/ess2-2016oa4006.
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The subject of alignment is not new to the world of education. Today however, it has come to mean different things and to have a heuristic value in education according to research in different areas, not least for neuroscience, and to attention to skills and to the alternation framework.This paper, after looking at the classic references that already attributed an important role to alignment in education processes, looks at the strategic role of alignment in the current context, outlining the shared construction processes and focusing on some of the ways in which this is put into effect.Alignment is part of a participatory, enactive approach that gives a central role to the interaction between teaching and learning, avoiding the limits of behaviourism, which has a greater bias towards teaching, and cognitivism/constructivism, which focus their attention on learning and in any case, on that which separates a teacher preparing the environment and a student working in it.
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Limniou, Maria, Tunde Varga-Atkins, Caroline Hands und Marie Elshamaa. „Learning, Student Digital Capabilities and Academic Performance over the COVID-19 Pandemic“. Education Sciences 11, Nr. 7 (20.07.2021): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci11070361.
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During the time of COVID-19 lockdown over spring 2020, universities shifted teaching from on-campus blended learning to an emergency remote fully online approach. The aim of this study was to compare Psychology and Veterinary Science undergraduate students’ academic performance with their responses on a self-reported questionnaire regarding their digital capabilities, individual’s characteristics, and the role of environment on their independent learning process over the first COVID-19 lockdown period. Social-Cognitive Theory was adopted to conceptualise students’ behaviour, individuals’ characteristics, and learning environment with their academic performance to a learning framework. A total of 303 students from both disciplines (133 Psychology and 170 Veterinary Science undergraduate students) participated in this study by completing an online questionnaire after following the teaching shift from blended learning to full remote online approach at a UK University during the 2019–2020 academic year. Differences between students’ responses were identified due to their discipline’s curricular structure, students’ study behaviours (i.e., being exposed to unrelated learning activities), and students’ cognitive effort to think critically in the search, evaluation and managing of digital information. Students with high level of self-regulation and digital capabilities were able to keep focused and engaged during the lockdown. Although universities and teachers were “forced” to shift their teaching approach due to the unfortunate disruption of the COVID-19 pandemic, most students have coped with the changed teaching delivery mode relatively easy with minimum guidance. However, teachers should further consider how digital technologies could enhance students’ learning flexibility promoting critical thinking.
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Morselli, Daniele. „Teaching a sense of initiative and entrepreneurship with constructive alignment in tertiary non-business contexts“. Education + Training 60, Nr. 2 (12.02.2018): 122–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/et-06-2017-0093.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to focus on a course in entrepreneurship education for students studying for a Masters in Educational Sciences at a Finnish university. The course was structured around the principles of constructive alignment and aimed to move beyond reflection on entrepreneurship towards action Design/methodology/approach The course was delivered in alignment with intended learning outcomes, teaching and learning activities, and assessment. Along with lectures, group work and peer-review activities, students prepared a career development plan as the course progressed, undertook a homework assignment, wrote a reflective journal, and sat the GET2 test twice. Findings Quantitative and qualitative analysis suggests that students developed more enterprising attitudes as result of participating in the course. This paper makes an argument in favour of entrepreneurship as a subject for all, a transformative experience capable of shaping the mindset in all who participate. Originality/value This paper shows how a course on entrepreneurial education based on a “through” approach can be taught at a tertiary level in places other than economics faculties or business schools. Most tertiary courses rely on “about” and “for” approaches to entrepreneurial education, are teacher-centred, and follow a behaviouristic or cognitive learning paradigm of knowledge transmission, as opposed to the student-centred constructivist approach deployed and described here.
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Hewitt, Mitchell, Shane Pill und Rebecca McDonald. „Informing Game Sense Pedagogy with a Constraints-Led Perspective for Teaching Tennis in Schools“. Ágora para la Educación Física y el Deporte 20, Nr. 1 (25.05.2018): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24197/aefd.1.2018.46-67.
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The Game Sense approach (GSA) helps sport teachers adopt a pedagogical toolkit for the complex interplay of collective decision making in tennis that evolves from the dynamics of momentary configurations of play meeting the personal coordination dynamics of the players. This pedagogical toolkit emphasises game-based play to teach players how to perceive the game as “thinking players” capable of functional behaviours that answer the requirements of momentary configurations of play. This paper, therefore, builds on recent theoretical debate in the areas of skill acquisition, the complementarity of perception-decision making and personal coordination dynamics (techniques), complex learning theory and coaching pedagogy, to connect the constraints-perspective of skill acquisition and the pedagogy of the Game Sense approach to enable theoretically informed tennis teaching. Practical implications of game-based training will be explained using the example of the Tennis for Primary Schools program alignment with the developmental stages of the Australian Curriculum for Health and Physical Education (ACHPE), which are described as student achievement standards in this curriculum.
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Looker, Peter. „Contextualising contexts – Scholarship of Teaching and Learning and cultural difference“. Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in the South 2, Nr. 1 (24.04.2018): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.36615/sotls.v2i1.32.
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SOTL has an originary moment and a well-rehearsed history. It has been constructed as an approach to understanding teaching and learning with a focus on reflective practice to improve practice and student learning, but it excludes sociocultural influences. This paper argues that by concentrating on the ‘classroom’, and cognitive measures of success, SOTL conforms to a Western view of what is valuable in education. This instrumentalist perspective allows the process of SOTL to seem universally applicable. It is argued that this instrumentalist approach is a black-box perspective, analogous to the black box of the mind seen in behaviourism. Using Chakrabarty’s notion of “provincializing Europe”, some structural elements of SOTL history are analysed with an eye to provincialising SOTL. Following this, a personal teaching experience across two cultures is described to demonstrate the inability of SOTL to comprehend the behaviour of students across different cultures without providing more contextual information. Differences between East Asian and Western views of cognition are presented to suggest that cultural differences in conceptions of learning have a significant effect on what happens in the classroom. In conclusion, if SOTL is to be meaningful internationally, it needs both to embrace and be explicit about sociocultural influences and, crucially, it needs to be decentred from Western hegemonic practice.
How to cite this article:
LOOKER, Peter. Contextualising contexts – Scholarship of Teaching and Learning and cultural difference. Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in the South, v. 2, n. 1, p. 112-128, Apr. 2018. Available at: http://sotl-south-journal.net/?journal=sotls&page=article&op=view&path%5B%5D=32
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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Deveci Topal, Arzu, Esra Çoban Budak und Aynur Kolburan Geçer. „The effect of algorithm teaching on the problem-solving skills of deaf-hard hearing students“. Program 51, Nr. 4 (07.11.2017): 354–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prog-05-2017-0038.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the effects of algorithm teaching on the problem-solving skills of deaf-hard hearing students. Design/methodology/approach In this research, a pre-test and post-test problem-solving scale was applied to the single group (16 deaf-hard hearing students at a secondary school level) that had received algorithm education. Pre-test and post-test results were compared in order to see whether there was a significant difference among students in terms of their problem-solving attitudes. Students’ levels of performing the applications were examined through observation forms and their opinions about algorithm teaching were received. Findings As a result of the research, it was determined that implemented algorithm teaching had a significant effect on improving the problem-solving skills of the students. Originality/value Scratch training can be administered as either a compulsory or an optional course for hearing students as the Scratch programme offers the opportunity of teaching algorithmic reasoning with games, making the courses entertaining and giving students the chance to create their own designs which helps to improve their creative problem-solving skills and their motivation accordingly. Scratch teaching can be beneficial in developing students’ problem-solving behaviours and creativity.
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Antic, Slobodanka. „Resistance to learning as a relevant factor in the educational process“. Zbornik Instituta za pedagoska istrazivanja 50, Nr. 1 (2018): 7–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zipi1801007a.
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By pointing to the significance of the concept of resistance to learning, the paper is aimed at enhancing understanding of the attitude of pupils/students towards teachers, the teaching/learning process, educational process in general, and, consequently, learning outcomes. The concept refers to all oppositional behaviours of an individual in the educational context. The paper provides an overview of different ways of demonstrating resistance to learning and systematically presents different sources of this phenomenon, which can be explained by the developmental characteristics of the age, the very nature of the learning process, the characteristics of the teaching/ learning process, the nature of the relationship with the teacher and the relations within an institution (school/faculty), and the socio-cultural milieu from which the pupil/student comes. The interpretation of the phenomenon is placed within the social constructivist explanatory framework. The strategies and methods for overcoming resistance to learning have been proposed. The paper points to the necessity of an interdisciplinary approach and holistic understanding of pupils in the teaching process.
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Cray, David, Ruth McKay und Robert Mittelman. „Cultural intelligence and mindfulness: teaching MBAs in Iran“. Journal of International Education in Business 11, Nr. 2 (05.11.2018): 220–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jieb-12-2016-0048.
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Purpose A dynamic global economy has increased the need for cross-cultural flexibility and cultural intelligence (CQ). While a large literature has examined various means to increase CQ in student and expatriate populations, its importance for teachers in cross-cultural settings has been largely unexamined. This paper aims to use the experiences of a group of professors in an MBA programme in Iran to investigate the effect of their activity on their cross-cultural skills. Design/methodology/approach Using structured interviews and content analysis, the authors draw on the experiences of business faculty from a Canadian business school who helped deliver an MBA programme in Iran to investigate how their experiences in a country new to them were reflected in the components of CQ. Findings Using an established model of CQ, the authors find contributions to all three facets, knowledge, mindfulness and behaviour, indicating that such exchanges can be regarded as important for students and teachers alike in an international educational context. Originality/value With more and more teaching extending across cultural boundaries in both domestic and international settings, the capacity of instructors to read, interpret and react to the attitudes, beliefs and behaviours of their students is an important factor in the success of these programs. To this point, at least within the business education literature, the influence of such encounters on the instructors involved has been neglected.
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Almeida, António, Beatriz García Fernández und Teresa Silva. „CHANGING NEGATIVE PERCEPTIONS OF ANIMALS THROUGH TEACHING PRACTICE: A RESEARCH IN PRIMARY EDUCATION“. Journal of Baltic Science Education 16, Nr. 4 (25.08.2017): 446–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/jbse/17.16.446.
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This research focused on whether teaching practice could improve children’s perceptions of animals with a bad image. For this purpose, children from the 5th year of schooling approached the topic “diversity of animals” differently. The experimental group, 50 children from three classes (25 boys and 25 girls) aged 10 to 13, adopted an approach more focused on the role of the ecosystem and benefits of the animals for humans. The control group, 53 pupils from another three classes (27 boys and 26 girls) within the same age range, adopted a more descriptive approach based on the morphology, physiology and behaviours of the different animals. A pre-test and a post-test were administered to identify children’s empathy with ten animals with a bad image and to assess both their attractiveness and dangerousness. The experimental group significantly increased their empathy with the ten animals and only the assessment of their dangerousness was less conclusive. Even so, the dangerousness of the shark and of the mouse decreased significantly in this group. The research seems to be important as an aid to the design of didactic approaches related to the present issue both in continuous and pre-service training courses for primary teachers. Keywords: perceptions of animals, primary school, teaching practice.
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Akkaya, Burcu. „The Analysis of Metaphorical Perceptions of Teachers Related to Teachers in terms of Teaching Approaches They Adopt“. Journal of Education and Learning 10, Nr. 5 (30.08.2021): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jel.v10n5p109.
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This research aimed to determine the metaphorical perceptions of class teachers and reveal whether these perceptions are affected by the teaching approaches they adopt. Because teachers’ opinions were collected in written form, this study is a descriptive survey model study. The participants of the study consisted of 64 class teachers chosen through the maximum variety sampling method. A data collection tool consisting of two open-ended questions was developed to determine the metaphors and educational approaches teachers adopt. According to research results, teacher metaphors are highlighted in two categories as “metaphors giving active roles to the teacher” and “metaphors giving passive roles to the teacher”. Generally, teachers adopted one of the behaviouristic, cognitive, and constructivist approaches. This study revealed that participants who adopted behavioural and cognitive educational approaches produced metaphors giving active roles to the teacher. Participants who adopted the constructivist educational approach produced metaphors giving passive roles to the teacher. It was determined that there is a strong significant relationship between the metaphors that teachers produce and the educational approach they adopt.
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Yager, Zali. „Developing wellbeing in first year pre-service teachers: Reflections on a personal approach to professional education.“ Journal of Student Wellbeing 3, Nr. 1 (11.09.2009): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21913/jsw.v3i1.419.
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The general health of Australians is a growing concern, particularly with the current focus on reducing the prevalence of preventable risk factors for disease and overweight in children and adults. Schools are becoming increasingly responsible for health promotion, and educating young people about healthy lifestyle behaviours, yet there has not been an increase in required health education training for primary school teachers.
The likely place for training future teachers to adapt to the demands of a changing curriculum is during their pre service training, but the health of university students is a concern in itself. The transition to university and the university environment, with its increase in personal responsibility and culture of alcohol consumption; and the focus on competition and success in personal and academic areas can place students at risk of a multitude of health problems. In addition these students are typically at an age where risk taking is common and they rarely know or care about the consequences for their health in the future.
To address these issues, a first year undergraduate health education subject was developed and delivered to all Bachelor of Education students at the Bendigo campus of La Trobe University in Australia. This subject was designed to utilise behaviour change theory and best practice in pre-service teacher preparation to focus on improving student’s personal health behaviours in order to prepare them for teaching about such health issues in schools. Program details, staff reflection and student feedback are discussed and suggestions for application in teacher education are also given.
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Adi Badiozaman, Ida Fatimawati. „What sustains the novice Malaysian teacher of English: a case study“. Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education 12, Nr. 4 (01.04.2019): 585–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jarhe-07-2018-0132.
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Purpose The study explores how a novice English teacher’s motivation is sustained as she navigates a range of complex educational contexts in her teaching career. Through the lens of self-concept, the purpose of this paper is to gain an in-depth understanding of the role of this construct when navigating the challenges often faced in the early stages of the teaching profession. Design/methodology/approach In this case study, data were drawn primarily from a series of interviews with one English teacher over the course of three years. Teaching materials, together with teaching evaluations, were used to compare and validate the information obtained during the interview. Findings Despite the challenges faced in each new teaching context, the teacher’s motivation and commitment to the profession were driven and sustained by the high integration of personal goals with one’s self, goal fusion. Furthermore, an inherently strong drive to minimise the discrepancy between her current self and her ideal future self, helped the novice teacher navigate each new setting and its respective demands. Practical implications English teachers need specific support and professional development that goes beyond pre-service education into in-service training. It is important that continuous professional development be undertaken to allow opportunities for the conception of reflective practice and reflective practitioners. Originality/value Self-concept is not only a means of self-evaluation, but also a key driver for goal-relevant cognitions and behaviours effective for teaching practice.
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Pataraia, Nino, Anoush Margaryan, Isobel Falconer, Allison Littlejohn und Jennifer Falconer. „Discovering academics' key learning connections“. Journal of Workplace Learning 26, Nr. 1 (04.02.2014): 56–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jwl-03-2013-0012.
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Purpose – The aim of this exploratory study is to investigate the role of personal networks in supporting academics' professional learning. In particular, the paper examines the composition of academics' networks and the implications of network tendencies for academics' learning about teaching. Design/methodology/approach – The study adopts a mixed-methods approach. Firstly, the composition of academics' networks is examined using social network analysis. Secondly, the role of these networks in academics' learning about teaching is analysed through semi-structured interviews. Findings – Findings reveal the prevalence of localised and strong-tie connections, which could inhibit opportunities for effective learning and spread of innovations in teaching. The study highlights the need to promote connectivity within and across institutions, creating favourable conditions for effective professional learning. Research limitations/implications – While the study makes a valuable contribution to the literature, the generalisability of these findings is limited, because the sample is restricted to 37 academics. Participants' characteristics and networking behaviours may not be fully representative of academics in a wider range of contexts and settings. Another limitation is that the evaluation of people's learning was limited to self-reported measures. Future research should measure a broader range of evidence related to academics' professional networks. Practical implications – This study extends the discussion of professional learning in academia in a novel way, by taking a social network perspective. The approach employed attempts to enrich the limited understanding of academics' networks, by unpacking the ways in which academics' personal networks support their learning. Originality/value – The originality of this work lies in its intent to uncover relationships that condition professional learning and enhancement of teaching practice. Reflection on personal networks can potentially enable individuals to determine the effectiveness of their networks and the significance of their network connections.
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Salleh, Sallimah. „Examining the influence of teachers ' beliefs towards technology integration in classroom“. International Journal of Information and Learning Technology 33, Nr. 1 (04.01.2016): 17–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijilt-10-2015-0032.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine how the direct and indirect factors of the elaborated theory of planned behaviour (TPB) relate to teachers’ intentions and use of technology in teaching. Design/methodology/approach – The current study attempted to provide an understanding of teachers’ beliefs and intentions to use technology in teaching, and their influence on behaviours by applying and elaborating Ajzen’s TPB, a widely applied model for investigating social behaviour. Findings – The elaborated TPB model was found to be a marginally fitting model in predicting and explaining intention and behaviour. The model explained only 17 per cent of variance in intention and 13 per cent in use of technology. Teacher’s use of technology in teaching was predicted by intention and perceived behavioural control (PBC); and intention was predicted by attitude towards the technology and PBC. Subjective norms made weak prediction on intention. The TPB model of direct factors explained 25 per cent of variance in intention and 16 per cent in use of technology. Originality/value – This study takes a theoretical modelling approach, based on a survey assessing psychological variables (such as teachers’ beliefs, attitudes, and perceptions) to explain teachers’ technology use in the classroom. The theoretical approach of this study is new within studies of computer technology use, which have normally been limited to reporting user demographic characteristics and/or factors influencing its use among users. This study attempted to develop measurement models that might be replicated by other researchers interested in the influencing factors for teachers’ technology use in education.
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Builder, Philip. „Parent and Child Tutoring“. Australasian Journal of Special Education 11, Nr. 2 (November 1987): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s103001120002176x.
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There have been some exciting changes in education during the late 70s and early 80s. Of particular significance has been the emphasis on the processes of learning rather than the lockstep, content-oriented curriculum. This has enabled special education teachers to develop a fresh view of children with learning difficulties, discarding notions of their deficits and instead monitoring their current development and learning strategies, and the personal and environmental constraints which operate to limit their learning potential. This approach concentrates on the whole child, establishing strengths, building confidence through success, developing risk-taking behaviours, teaching problemsolving strategies, and learning to become an independent learner.
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Kaya, Ferdi, und Songül Tümkaya. „Investigating the prediction levels of school alienation of the classroom teaching students’ achievement orientation, self handicapping behaviours and demographic featuresSınıf öğretmenliği öğrencilerinin başarı yönelimi, kendini engelleme davranışları ve demografik özelliklerinin okula yabancılaşmayı yordama düzeylerinin incelenmesi“. Journal of Human Sciences 14, Nr. 1 (13.03.2017): 747. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v14i1.4328.
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The aim of this study was to reveal whether the success orientation, self-handicapping behaviours and demographic features of the classroom teachers predict their school alienation in a meaningful way of or not. This research is a descriptive study that has the relational screening model which aims at determining the success orientation, self-handicapping behaviours and demographic features of the classroom teachers, which affect their school alienation levels, and identifying their mutual interaction.The population of the study consisted of 370 students of Çukurova University Faculty of Education, Department of Primary School Teaching, in the educational year 2014-2015. The data were collected by means of Students Alienation Scale developed by Çağlar (2012), 2X2 Success Orientation Scale of which validity and reliability tests were performed by Akın (2006a), Translation into Turkish by Özgüngör (2008), Preemptive Behavior scale of which validity and reliability tests were performed and Personal Information Form prepared by the researcher. The data obtained were analysed using the SPSS 21.0 programme. Correlation analysis was made in order to reveal relations among the variables. Multiple regression analysis was used in order to identify the variables that predict the school alienation levels of the students of primary school teaching.As a result of the multiple regression analysis that were made, it has been understood that powerlessness sub-dimension of school alienation by students of primary school teaching predicts respectively learning-approach, poor relations with the teaching stuff, learning-avoidance, self-handicapping and very low academic success level; the normlesness sub-dimension predicts learning-approach, academic success grade, performance-approach, learning-avoidance, poor relations with the teaching stuff; the isolation sub-dimension predicts very good relations with classmates, performance-approach, learning-avoidance, medium level relations with classmates and choosing department; the meaninglessness sub-dimension predicts performance-avoidance, learning-avoidance, self-handicapping, choosing department, poor relations with the teaching stuff and the gender; total point of school alienation learning- approach, self-handicapping, choosing department, poor relations with the teaching stuff, acedemic success grade, performance-avoidance, learning- avoidance, variables. ÖzetBu araştırmanın amacı, sınıf öğretmenliği öğrencilerinin başarı yönelimi, kendini engelleme davranışları ve demografik özelliklerinin okula yabancılaşmalarını anlamlı bir şekilde yordayıp yordamadığını ortaya çıkartmaktır. Araştırma, sınıf öğretmenliği öğrencilerinin okula yabancılaşma düzeylerini etkileyen başarı yönelimleri, kendini engelleme davranışları ve demografik özelliklerinin saptanması ve bunların birbirleriyle etkileşimlerinin belirlenmesini amaçlayan ilişkisel tarama modelinde betimsel bir çalışmadır.Araştırmanın evrenini 2014-2015 eğitim-öğretim yılında Çukurova Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Sınıf Öğretmenliği Bölümünde öğrenim gören 370 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri Çağlar (2012) tarafından geliştirilen Öğrenci Yabancılaşma Ölçeği, Akın (2006a) tarafından geçerlik güvenirlik çalışması yapılan 2X2 Başarı Yönelimleri Ölçeği, Özgüngör (2008) tarafından Türkçeye çevrisi, geçerliği ve güvenirlik çalışması yapılan Engelleyici Davranış ölçeği ve araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan Kişisel Bilgi Formu ile toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 21.0 programında çözümlenmiştir. Değişkenler arası ilişkilerin ortaya çıkarılması amacıyla korelâsyon analizi yapılmıştır.Sınıf öğretmenliği öğrencilerinin okula yabancılaşma düzeylerini yordayıcı değişkenlerin ortaya çıkarılması için çoklu regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır.Yapılan çoklu regresyon analizleri sonucunda sınıf öğretmenliği öğrencilerinin okula yabancılaşmanın Güçsüzlük alt boyutunu sırasıyla, öğrenme-yaklaşma, öğretim elemanları ile zayıf ilişkiler, öğrenme-kaçınma, kendini engelleme ve çok düşük akademik başarı düzeyi; Kuralsızlık alt boyutunu, öğrenme-yaklaşma, akademik başarı notu, performans-yaklaşma, öğrenme- kaçınma, öğretim elemanlarıyla zayıf ilişki; Soyutlanma alt boyutunu, sınıf arkadaşlarıyla çok iyi düzeyde ilişki, performans-yaklaşma, sınıf arkadaşlarıyla orta düzeyde ilişki ve bölümü seçme ; Anlamsızlık alt boyutunu, performans-kaçınma, öğrenme-kaçınma, kendini engelleme, bölüm seçme, öğretim elemanlarıyla zayıf ilişki ve cinsiyet, Okula yabancılaşma toplam puanını, öğrenme-yaklaşma, kendini engelleme, bölüm seçme, öğretim elemanları ile zayıf ilişkiler, akademik başarı notu, performans-kaçınma, öğrenme-kaçınma değişkenlerinin yordadıkları anlaşılmıştır.
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Hanifah, Mahat, Hashim Mohmadisa, Saleh Yazid, Nayan Nasir und Norkhaidi Saiyidatina Balkhis. „COMPETENCIES FOR FORM SIX GEOGRAPHY TEACHERS IN REACHING THE MALAYSIAN EDUCATION QUALITY STANDARDS“. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan 38, Nr. 2 (23.06.2019): 243–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/cp.v38i2.23228.
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We conducted this study to evaluate the competencies of Form Six geography teachers in achieving the Malaysian Education Quality Standards. We applied a qualitative approach using the observation technique. The respondent observation consisted of three teachers who had more than 10 years of experience teaching Form Six geography and who were working in the areas of Batang Padang district, Perak and Hulu Selangor district, Malaysia. The variables we assessed were practical knowledge, subject-content knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, pedagogical technology knowledge, teachers’ teaching of professional behaviours and attitudes, and values modified from the Quality Level Rubric of the Malaysian Education Quality Standards. The observation findings showed that each teacher scored different points, ranging from three to four for the assessed variables. Teachers’ pedagogical technology knowledge needs to be improved as two out of three teachers were still using Teaching Aid Materials such as mahjong paper and marker rather than using computer or other more recent technology due to the lack of infrastructure provided by their schools. In conclusion, Form Six geography teachers in this study have fulfilled the competence of the Malaysian Education Quality Standards by achieving the maximum score.
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Mertoglu, Hatice. „Effects of Interdisciplinery Nutrition Education on Prospective Science Teachers’ Development of Healthy Life Style Behaviours“. Journal of Education and Training Studies 7, Nr. 12 (26.11.2019): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v7i12.4578.
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With the interdisciplinary approach which is developed as an alternative to the traditional disciplinary model in education, it is aimed that the students will have a holistic perspective while producing solutions to real life problems. In this study, the effects of nutrition education given with interdisciplinary approach on health development behaviors of prospective teachers were investigated. The research has an experimental research model, which is one of the quantitative research designs. The sample of the study is consisting of 60 prospective teachers studying in the science teaching department of a state university in Istanbul in the 2016-2017 education year. In this study, in addition to demographic information form that has been applied, the Healthy Life Style Behavior Scale II (HLSBS-II) was also applied to the experimental and control group students in order to determine healthy life style behaviors of students. SPSS 23 package program was used to perform statistical analysis of the gathered data. When the post-test data were analyzed, it was seen that there were significant differences between four sub-dimensions (physical activity, nutrition, inner development and stress management) and overall scores of the two groups (p<.05). When the research results are examined, it appears that interdisciplinary nutrition education has a positive effect on students' healthy life style behaviors. The information obtained in the research was discussed and recommendations were made accordingly.