Um die anderen Arten von Veröffentlichungen zu diesem Thema anzuzeigen, folgen Sie diesem Link: Bee.
Dissertationen zum Thema „Bee“
Geben Sie eine Quelle nach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard und anderen Zitierweisen an
Machen Sie sich mit Top-50 Dissertationen für die Forschung zum Thema "Bee" bekannt.
Neben jedem Werk im Literaturverzeichnis ist die Option "Zur Bibliographie hinzufügen" verfügbar. Nutzen Sie sie, wird Ihre bibliographische Angabe des gewählten Werkes nach der nötigen Zitierweise (APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver usw.) automatisch gestaltet.
Sie können auch den vollen Text der wissenschaftlichen Publikation im PDF-Format herunterladen und eine Online-Annotation der Arbeit lesen, wenn die relevanten Parameter in den Metadaten verfügbar sind.
Sehen Sie die Dissertationen für verschiedene Spezialgebieten durch und erstellen Sie Ihre Bibliographie auf korrekte Weise.
1
Foy, Andrew Scott. „A GIS-Based Landscape Scale Model for Native Bee Habitat“. Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35169.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Through pollination, bees are responsible for the persistence of many biological systems on our planet. Bees have also been used for thousands of years in agriculture to improve crop quality and yield. Recently, there have been declines in honeybees worldwide. This decline is concerning because it threatens food supplies and global biodiversity. An alternative to alleviating the effect of a honey bee shortage could be to use native bees. Problems with adoption of native bees in agriculture occur because of a lack of large scale analysis methods for native bees, regional species lists and management knowledge.
This research explores the use of GIS in modeling native bee habitat to provide a landscape scale analysis method for native bees and develop a systematic sampling method for regional species list development. Raster GIS modeling, incorporating decision support and Poisson statistical methods were used to develop a native bee habitat model. The results show landscape composition is important to bee abundance and diversity. In addition, habitat fragmentation may not be as detrimental to bees as previously thought. Bees are most sensitive to landscape composition at a scale of 250 m, but require large patches of floral resources. GIS proved to be very useful in modeling bee habitat and provides an opportunity to conduct landscape scale bee population analysis.Master of Science
2
Marrè, Badalló Roser. „Implementation and Testing of Two Bee-Based Algorithms in Finite Element Model Updating“. Thesis, KTH, Bro- och stålbyggnad, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-140846.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Finite Element Model Updating has recently arisen as an issue of vast importance on the design, construction and maintenance of structures in civil engineering. Many algorithms have been proposed, developed and enhanced in order to accomplish the demands of the updating process, mainly to achieve computationally efficient programs and greater results.The present Master Thesis proposes two new algorithms to be used in Finite Element Model Updating: the Bees Algorithms (BA) and the Artificial Bee Colony algorithm (ABC). Both were first proposed in 2005, are based on the foraging behaviour of bees and have been proved to be efficient algorithms in other fields. The objective of this Master Thesis is, thus, to implement and to test these two newalgorithms in Finite Element Model Updating for a cantilever beam. The Finite Element Model and the algorithms are programmed, followed by the extraction of the experimental frequencies and the updating process. Results, comparison of these two methods and conclusions are given at the end of this report, as well as suggestions for further work.
3
Bask, Tanmay. „A Model For Heat Transfer In A Honey Bee Swarm“. Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/131.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
During spring, it has been observed that several thousand bees leave their hive, and settle on some object such as a tree branch. Some of the scout bees search for a suitable place where a new hive can be set up, while the rest collect together to form a swarm.
Heinrich (J. of Exp. Biology 91 (1981) 25; Science 212 (1981) 565; Scientific American 244:6 (1981) 147) has done some experiments with free and captive swarms. His observations are as follows.
(1)The core (centre) temperature is around 35°C irrespective of the ambient
temperature.
(2)The mantle (outer surface) temperature exceeds the ambient temperature by 2- 3°C, provided the ambient temperature is greater than 20°C. Otherwise the mantle temperature is maintained around 17°C.
(3) The temperature gradient vanishes just before take-off of the swarm.
The present work attempts to predict temperature profiles in swarms and compare them with the data of Heinrich. A continuum model involving unsteady heat conduction and heat generation within the swarm is used. Heat loss from the outer surface of the swarm by free convection and radiation is accounted for approximately. To simplify the analysis, internal convection within the swarm is neglected. The energy balance equation is solved using the finite element method.
The effective thermal conductivity (k) is determined by comparing model predictions with data for a swarm of dead bees. The estimated value of k is 0.20 W/m-K. Both spherical and a non-spherical axisymmetric shapes are considered.
Considering axisymmetric swarms of live bees, temperature profiles are obtained using various heat generation functions which are available in literature. The effective thermal conductivity is assumed to be the same as that for the swarm of dead bees. Results based on a modified version of Southwick's heat generation function (The Behavior and Physiology of Bees, pp. 28-47, 1991) are qualitatively in accord with the data. The predicted maximum temperature within the swarm and the temperature at the lower surface of the swarm at the ambient temperature of 5°C are 34°C and 17-20°C, respectively. These are comparable to the measured values of 36°C and 19°C. The predicted maximum temperature within the swarm and the temperature at the lower surface of the swarm at the ambient temperature of 9°C are 36.5°C and 17-22°C, respectively. These are comparable to the measured values of 35°C and 19°C. The predicted oxygen consumption rates are 2.55 ml/g/hr for a swarm of 5284 bees at an ambient temperature Ta = 5°C and 1.15 ml/g/hr for 16,600 bees at Ta = 9°C. These are of the same order as the measured values (2 ml/g/hr for 5284 bees at Ta = 4.4DC and 0.45-0.55 ml/g/hr for 5284 bees at Ta = 10°C).
Omholt and Lanvik (J. of Theoretical Biology, 120 (1986) 447) assumed a non-uniform steady state profile and used it to estimate the heat generation function. Using this function in the transient energy balance, it is found that their steady state profile is unstable.
4
Alavala, Laasya. „Bee Shadow Recognition in Video Analysis of Omnidirectional Bee Traffic“. DigitalCommons@USU, 2019. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7624.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Over a decade ago, beekeepers noticed that the bees were dying or disappearing without any prior health disorder. Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) has been a major threat to bee colonies around the world which affects vital human crop pollination. Possible instigators of CCD include viral and fungal diseases, decreased genetic diversity, pesticides and a variety of other factors. The interaction among any of these potential facets may be resulting in immunity loss for honey bees and the increased likelihood of collapse. It is essential to rescue honey bees and improve the health of bee colony.
Monitoring the traffic of bees helps to track the status of hive remotely. An Electronic beehive monitoring system extracts video, audio and temperature data without causing any interruption to the bee hives. This data could provide vital information on colony behavior and health. This research uses Artificial Intelligence and Computer Vision methodologies to develop and analyze technologies to monitor omnidirectional bee traffic of hives without disrupting the colony. Bee traffic means the number of bees moving in a given area in front of the hive over a given period of time. Forager traffic is the number of bees coming in and/or leaving the hive over a time. Forager traffic is a significant component in monitoring food availability and demand, colony age structure, impacts of pests and diseases, etc on hives. The goal of this research is to estimate and keep track of bee traffic by eliminating unnecessary information from video samples.
5
Mach, Bernadette Maria. „BEE CONSERVATION IN URBAN LANDSCAPES: ASSESSING BEE ASSEMBLAGES, BEE–ATTRACTIVENESS, AND NUTRITRITIONAL VALUE OF WOODY LANDSCAPE PLANTS AND MITIGATING POTENTIAL BEE HAZARD FROM NEONICOTINOID INSECTICIDES“. UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/entomology_etds/46.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Public awareness of declining pollinator populations has increased interest in creating “bee–friendly” urban landscapes. I quantified bee visitation and assemblages of 72 species of flowering woody plants common in urban landscapes. I found strong plant species effects and variation in seasonal activity of particular bee taxa but no overall differences in bee visitation or genus diversity between native versus nonnative species or trees versus shrubs. Analysis of pollen from a subset of these plants revealed small but statistically significant differences in total and essential amino acids between native and nonnative species and trees and shrubs, although each group had species with high quality pollen.
Uptake and dissipation of soil–applied imidacloprid and dinotefuran was measured in nectar and leaves of two woody plant species, Ilex × attenuata and Clethra alnifolia to assess concentrations to which pollinators might be exposed in landscape settings. Three application timings were evaluated. Residues in nectar and tissue were analyzed by HPLC–MS/MS in two successive years. Residues in nectar following autumn or spring applications exceed concentrations shown to adversely affect individual and colony–level traits of bees. Summer application mitigated concentrations of imidacloprid (8–31 ng/g), but not dinotefuran (235–1191 ng/g), in nectar.
6
Butt, Nouman. „BEE COLONIES APPLIED TO MULTIPROCESSOR SCHEDULING“. Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Datateknik, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-3793.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
In order to achieve the high performance, we need to have an efficient scheduling of a parallelprogram onto the processors in multiprocessor systems that minimizes the entire executiontime. This problem of multiprocessor scheduling can be stated as finding a schedule for ageneral task graph to be executed on a multiprocessor system so that the schedule length can be minimize [10]. This scheduling problem is known to be NP- Hard.In multi processor task scheduling, we have a number of CPU’s on which a number of tasksare to be scheduled that the program’s execution time is minimized. According to [10], thetasks scheduling problem is a key factor for a parallel multiprocessor system to gain betterperformance. A task can be partitioned into a group of subtasks and represented as a DAG(Directed Acyclic Graph), so the problem can be stated as finding a schedule for a DAG to beexecuted in a parallel multiprocessor system so that the schedule can be minimized. Thishelps to reduce processing time and increase processor utilization. The aim of this thesis workis to check and compare the results obtained by Bee Colony algorithm with already generatedbest known results in multi processor task scheduling domain.
7
Sachmann, Jensen Josefine. „To Bee or not to Bee: Natursyn och miljöengagemang inom hobbybiodlingen“. Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23269.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
De senaste åren har mycket uppmärksamhet riktats mot att allt fler honungsbin dör varje år. Denna utbredda bidöd kan få stora konsekvenser då framställandet av en tredjedel av de livsmedel vi konsumerar är beroende av insektspollinatörer som bin. Detta är en studie om de människor som hjälper till att upprätthålla bibeståndet, nämligen hobbybiodlarna. Biodlingen har studerats genom deltagande observation, personintervjuer och fokusgruppsintervjuer med både etablerade biodlare och deltagare i en nybörjarkurs i biodling. Det insamlade materialet tolkas och analyseras med hjälp av Bourdieus teorier om sociala fält och habitus. Biodlarnas natursyn diskuteras även. Genom att hobbybiolingen behandlas som ett socialt fält visas hur individers habitus formas av fältets natursyn. Samtidigt formar individerna fältet. Biodlares närhet till naturen är det centrala i denna studie och för många av de i studien som just ska börja med biodling, handlar det lika mycket om att göra en miljögärning som att skaffa sig en hobby.In recent years, much attention has been directed towards the increasing number of yearly deaths among honeybees. This widespread death of bees can be expected to have major consequences, seeing as the production of one-third of the foods we consume is dependent on insect pollinators like bees. This study focuses on the people who help maintain the honey bee population, hobby beekeepers in particular. The study investigates apiculture through participant observation, interviews and focus group interviews with both established beekeepers and participants in a beginner's course in beekeeping. The collected material is interpreted and analyzed using Bourdieu's theories of social fields and habitus. The beekeepers’ perception of nature is also discussed. By treating the apiculture as a social field it is clear that an individuals' habitus is shaped by the nature perception of the field. Simultaneously, the field is shaped by the individuals. The beekeepers’ closeness to nature is the focus of this study and for many of those in the study who is about to start beekeeping, it's as much about making an environmental act as it is getting a hobby.
8
Preston, Sarah R. „THE IMPACTS OF HONEY BEE QUEEN STRESS ON WORKER BEHAVIOR AND HEALTH“. UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/entomology_etds/48.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Pesticides, poor nutrition, parasites and diseases work synergistically to contribute to the decline of the honey bee. Heritable sub-lethal behavior/immune effects may also contribute to the decline. Maternal stress is a common source of heritable immune/behavior deficits in many species. A stressed honey bee queen has the potential to pass such deficits on to worker bees. Using a repeated measures design, this study will determine whether the health of worker bee is reduced by a cold stress on the queen by analyzing egg hatch rate and protein content, emergence rate, and adult aggression and immune function for offspring laid before and after the stressor. Results show that queen stress influences egg hatching rate and emergence rate but does not impact egg protein content, adult offspring immune function or aggressive behavior.
9
Crous, Kendall Lauren. „Brood cycles in queenless colonies of Apis mellifera capensis“. Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005335.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
In a honeybee colony, the loss of a queen is considered to be a serious occurrence and, if a new queen is not produced, ultimately doomed. However, in colonies of Apis mellifera capensis (Cape honeybees), numerous pathways are available for a colony which unexpectedly losses a queen. At the onset of this experiment, four colonies of A. m. capensis were dequeened. Following this photographs of all brood frames in each colony were taken and the contents of the cells analysed. Cells were chosen at random but once selected were repeatedly analysed for the duration of the experiment. The contents of a total of 44 888 individual cells were analysed. Any queen cells constructed during the sampling period were removed, maintaining a queenless state. In each colony, as predicted, the removal of the queen evoked a variety of responses in an attempt to rectify the sudden loss. However, ultimately three of the four colonies absconded, leaving little by way of stores. Three of the four colonies initially attempted to rear a new queen while one colony was immediately invaded by a presumed foreign queen and hence any attempt at queen cell construction ceased. An increased number of queen cells in the swarm position were recorded in all colonies. The invasion of a colony by a foreign queen was considered to be a new pathway available for queenless colonies of A.m capensis. Worker policing and suspected brood cannibalism was prevalent in all sampled colonies yet in addition, the transfer of eggs and larvae from cell to cell was also observed which may have increased the suspected cases of policing and cannibalism. It was unclear whether an egg or larva had been consumed or simply moved to another cell on the brood frame. All colonies contained eggs from laying workers to varying degrees, based on the length of each individual sampling period which varied between colonies due to differences in absconding dates. A steady breakdown in the effectiveness of the division of labour amongst the worker bees was observed in each of the colonies highlighting the vital role of a queen. This breakdown was clearly seen in the reduction in general housekeeping within a colony. An increase in stores indicated a possible increase in the number of forager bees, thereby reducing the number of worker bees available for other duties. Pathways available to broodright colonies and strategies used following sudden queen loss are discussed.
10
Seitz, Nicola [Verfasser], Sara Diana [Gutachter] Leonhardt und Engelsdorp Dennis [Gutachter] van. „Bee demise and bee rise: From honey bee colony losses to finding measures for advancing entire bee communities / Nicola Seitz ; Gutachter: Sara Diana Leonhardt, Dennis van Engelsdorp“. Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1214180949/34.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
11
Pardo, José Cruz. „Estudio de dos razas de abejas (Apis mellifica) y tres tipos de colmenas en la localidad de Chulumani (Prov. Chapare) /“. Cochabamba, Bolivia, 2000. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/cgi-bin/docviewer.exe?CISOROOT=/Benson&CISOPTR=4167.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
12
Andrikopoulos, Corey J. „Comparative Pollination Efficacies of Bees on Raspberry and the Management of Osmia lignaria for Late Blooming Crops“. DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7086.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Unlike other rosaceous fruit crops such as apple and cherry, commercial raspberry cultivars are largely self-fertile and can set fruit in the absence of pollinators. However, their floral morphology often prevents complete self-pollaintion. Incomplete pollination yields unmarketable small or crumbly fruits. Insect visitation is therefore essential to maximizing raspberry yield. Honey bees are typically used to pollinate commercial raspberry; however, escalating prices for hive rentals coupled with increasing acreage encourage evaluation of other manageable pollinators. Bumble bees (Bombus spp.) and several mason bees (Osmia spp.) are promising raspberry pollinators. Five bee species were evaluated and compared for their single-visit pollination efficacies on raspberry. From this a pollinator effectiveness index was created and an estimation of the minimum number of visits required to maximize fruit set was calculated. This estimation was then experimentally verified. Finally, in an attempt to synchronize their brief activity period with raspberry bloom, winter management options aimed at delaying the emergence of the mason bee, O. lignaria, were investigated. All five bee species proved excellent pollinators of raspberry. None of the alternative manageable species greatly outperformed honey bees. For this reason honey bees remain the most economical and practical option for open-field raspberry pollination. The adoption of alternative manageable bees could still be justified in other production systems, such as high-tunnel or greenhouse grown raspberry, which hamper honey bees’ ability to forage effectively. The pollinator effectiveness score for honey bees suggested that as few as two visits can achieve maximum fruit set. This estimate was confirmed through experimentation on three different red raspberry cultivars. For two of these cultivars, just one visit yielded drupelet counts similar to openly-pollinated flowers. This information can be used to help refine stocking density estimates for honey bees on raspberry. Wintering bees at 0° or -3° C rather than 4° C effectively delayed emergence of O. lignaria by more than a month without any impact on post-winter performance. These results suggest winter storage at near freezing temperatures is a viable management option for the use of O. lignaria with later-blooming crops.
13
Larson, Nicholas R. „Chemical Manipulation of Honey Bee Behavior“. Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78008.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The loss of managed honey bee colonies, resulting from their unintentional exposure to pesticides, is a topic of concern for the agricultural and apicultural industry. Current methods for reducing pesticide exposure to bees involve the application of pesticides before crop bloom or in the evening when foraging bees are less likely to be exposed to these applications. There is an urgent need for additional protection procedures to reduce the annual losses of managed bee colonies. Another method for protecting these pollinators is the use of chemical deterrents to reduce the interaction times of foraging bees with pesticide-treated crops. Historically, insect repellents (IRs) have been used to prevent the spread of deadly human diseases by arthropod vectors. However, it has been shown that bees can be repelled from pesticide-treated crops using DEET and bee pheromonal compounds. Here, I report the toxicological and deterrent effects of bee pheromonal compounds, as well as the deterrent effects of heterocyclic amines (HCAs) on bees. The results of this study indicate that the bee pheromonal compounds, at 8, 20, 60 and 100% concentrations, are toxic to bees and inhibit the feeding of bees within a confined space. Additionally, the pheromonal compounds and the HCAs are as efficacious as DEET in deterring bees from treated food sources. The HCA piperidine was observed to effectively deter bee foragers from a sugar feeder in a high-tunnel experiment as well as from melon flowers and knapweed in field experiments. Electroantennogram recordings were conducted to verify an olfactory response of the bees to the tested compounds. Pheromonal compounds were readily detected by bee antennae; whereas, the HCAs did not elicit significant responses in the bee antennae. These data suggest that bee pheromonal compounds, as well as HCAs, may serve as candidates for the further investigation as repellents to protect bees from unintentional pesticide exposures.Ph. D.
14
Collison, Elizabeth Jane. „Effects of neonicotinoid pesticide exposure on bee health : molecular, physiological and behavioural investigations“. Thesis, University of Exeter, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/21797.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Neonicotinoid exposure has been recognised as potentially impacting upon bee health, but whether realistic exposure scenarios are driving declines in bee health is not known. This thesis contributes new insights and perspectives to this research field investigating the use of molecular, physiological and behavioural endpoints as potential ecotoxicological markers for pesticide risk assessment. The thesis presents experimental data for dietary exposures of the European honey bee, Apis mellifera, and the buff-tailed bumble bee, Bombus terrestris, to one of two neonicotinoid pesticides, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam. The first part of this thesis explores impacts of chronic dietary exposures to neonicotinoid pesticides on bee immunocompetence- the ability to mount an immune response- using an artificial challenge to invoke an immune response in adult workers. Levels of phenoloxidase, an enzyme involved in melanisation and part of the bee’s defence system, were largely constitutive and resilient to exposure in honey bees and bumble bees. In honey bees, transient transcriptional changes in antimicrobial effector genes were observed following neonicotinoid exposure, but the physiological antimicrobial response was unaffected. In bumble bees, the induced antimicrobial response was impaired following neonicotinoid exposure, but only when exposed to concentrations likely higher than realistic environmental exposure scenarios. The next phase of this thesis investigates whether transcriptional, physiological and behavioural endpoints associated with the functioning of the honey bee hypopharyngeal gland were altered by imidacloprid exposure. Imidacloprid exposure led to transcriptional changes in foraging genes (associated with the control of temporal polyethism) and major royal jelly proteins (fed to developing larvae by nurse workers) and enzymatic changes in glucose oxidase (an enzyme involved in social immunity), which I hypothesise are linked with hypopharyngeal gland development. Despite these laboratory observations, no behavioural effects were observed in a field setting, monitored using Radio Frequency Identification transponders. Lastly, using RNA-Sequencing to investigate changes across the honey bee transcriptome, this thesis identified a suite of genes that were differentially expressed in adult workers in response to immune challenge and/or dietary neonicotinoid exposure. Wounding and bacterial-like infection led to upregulation of known immune genes, including a peptidoglycan recognition protein and antimicrobial effectors. Chronic exposure to thiamethoxam and imidacloprid led to downregulation of genes associated with several metabolic pathways, such as oxidative phosphorylation, pyruvate- and purine- metabolic pathways, as well as ribosomal activity. Some of these genes identified provide candidates for further study to elucidate functional effects mechanisms and better understand health outcomes, as well as potential new biomarkers for use in pesticide risk assessment. This thesis presents novel findings and offers opportunities for future research that will be of interest to a wide audience, including risk assessors and policy makers, as well as the broader biological community, including ecotoxicologists, insect physiologists and molecular biologists.
15
Lindqvist, Camilla. „Tambins inverkan på naturligt förekommande pollinatörer“. Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för elektronik, matematik och naturvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-18543.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Det här arbetet handlar om tambins inverkan på naturligt förekommande pollinatörer. Min frågeställning berör: tillgången på näring, hälsotillståndet och populationsnivån hos naturligt förekommande pollinatörer i förhållande till tambins närvaro. Det som framkommit av den här litteraturstudien är att introducerade tambin leder till att naturligt förekommande pollinatörer minskar i antal kring bikuporna, en del arter söker föda på andra blommor eller senare på dygnet än tidigare. Den minskade tillgången på föda som denna konkurrens innebär har en negativ inverkan på humlors kroppsstorlek och därmed deras överlevnad. Samt att tambin kan föra över patogener så som varroakvalster, nosemasjuka och deformed wing virus till humlor vilket leder till minskad livslängd och sämre fortplantning.This study is about the impact of honeybees on native pollinators. My questions concerns: availability of food, the health and population level of native pollinators in relation to the presence of honeybees. What has emerged from this literature review is that the introduction of honeybees lead to a decline in numbers of bee and bumblebee pollinators in proximity of the hives and also alters their behaviour, some species choose to forage on other flowers, or later in the day than before honeybees where introduced. The reduced availability of food that this competition induces has a negative impact on the size of bumblebees body’s and thus their survival. What was also discovered was that honeybees can transfer pathogens such as varroa mites, the microsporidium Nosema ceranae and deformed wing virus to bumblebees, leading to reduced life expectancy and poor propagation.
16
Baušienė, Inga. „Bičių kūno masės priklausomybė nuo korio“. Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070419_165731-23870.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Bees interested people because of honey and wax from ancient times. They were called God’s beetles, God’s workers. Bee products were used for food and medicine. It is advisable for people to eat about 1,8 kg of honey a year. Lately bee farms have been growing stronger. The owners of some apiaries are increasing and modernizing their farms. At the moment 83 thousand families are bred in Lithuania. AIM OF RESEARCH. To establish the dependence of bee mass on the springs of comb, comparing the used discs of the springs of the bee family natural wax combs an artificial combs. METHODS AND CONDITIONS OF RESEARCH. The data for research were collected during the summer of 2006 from bee families bred in Kaunas. In individual variants hives were expanded by discs of springs of natural wax comb and plastic discs of springs of combs. After 8 days after making of cells they were put into well warmed hives or a thermostat for breeding. After 24-36 hours after breeding of bees they were weighed. This experiment will negate the widely spread groundless statements that plastic combs influence the mass of bees. Apirians may safely use plastic wax discs for making combs for bee families. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Artificial discs are more accurate that natural wax discs in all directions of the cells of the comb. 2. Wax discs and artificial comb discs do not influence the mass of bees, as bees bred on such discs during the research showed no significant differences.
17
Palubinskytė, Sigita. „Bičių (Apis mellifera) kolonijų produkcinių ir reprodukcinių savybių tyrimas“. Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120831_091258-33661.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Darbo tikslas – ištirti bičių kolonijų produkcines ir reprodukcines savybes, laikant įvairaus dydţio aviliuose. Siekiant šio tikslo bus iškelti sekantys uţdaviniai: 1. Įtakoti bičių kolonijų pavasarinio apsiskraidymo laiką; 2. Įvertinti bičių svorį po pavasarinio apsiskraidymo; 3. Nustatyti avilio tipo įtaką bičių šeimų ţiemojimui bei jų fiziologinei būklei; 4. Nustatyti traninių perų pasirodymo laiką bičių kolonijoje; 5. Nustatyti Varroa destructor erkių įtaką tranų lervučių masei; 6. Nustatyti avilio talpumo įtaką motinių lopšelių skaičiui bei bičių produkcijai. Buvo stebimas bičių kolonijų pavasarinis apsiskraidymas, sveriamos bitės po pavasarinio apsiskraidymo, stebimas aptūptų bitėmis korių skaičius 2010–2011 metais. Apţiūrimi pirmieji traniniai perai bičių kolonijoje, sveriant tranų lervas nustatinėjama erkių Varroa destructor įtaka jų masei, įvertinama bičių kolonijų fiziologinė būklė. Taip pat registruojami motininiai lopšeliai bičių šeimose ir medaus kopimo metu atliekama išsukto medaus apskaita.
Bičių apsiskraidymas vyko dviem etapais, pirmą kartą apsiskraidė 4 bičių šeimos, o antra likusios 12 šeimų. Ištyrus bičių svorį po pavasarinio apsiskraidymo paaiškėjo, kad iš 60 % tirtų bičių svoris yra 0,11 g, o likusių bičių svoris maţesnis. Nustatant avilio įtaką bičių šeimų ţiemojimui 2010–2011 metais, buvo nustatyta, kad 27 korių aviliuose bičių šeimos yra stipriausios. Apţiūrint bičių kolonijas, iš 16 bičių šeimų, 4 šeimos buvo su pirmaisiais traniniais perais... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The aim – to investigate bee colony productive and reproductive characteristics. To achieve this objective will be to raise the following goals: 1. Influence first fly colonies in spring time; 2. To evaluate the weight of the bees in the spring after first fly; 3. Identify type of impact on the hive of bees and their families in winter physiological condition; 4. Set the time of the appearance of peers traninių bee colony; 5. Determine the impact of Varroa destructor mites in drone larvae masses; 6. Set the capacity of the hive mother influence the number of nursery and bee products. Colonies were observed in spring first flight, weighed after spring first flight bees, bees, combs sits observed number 2010–2011 years. Also examined the first drones peers bee colony, weighing the drone larvae of identical mite Varroa destructor influence their weight, assess the physiological state of bee colonies. The nursery also recorded maternal families of honey bees climbing in done unfolded honey accounting. First flight bees gone through two phases, the first flight four colonies, and the second the remaining 12 families. Examination of the weight of the bee first fly spring showed that 60% of tested bees weighing 0.1138 g and the weight of the remaining bees. In determining the impact of the hive bee families influence winter 2010–2011, has been found that 27 hives of bees honeycomb is the strongest of the family. Survey of bee colonies in 16 hives, four families were the first drone... [to full text]
18
Desai, Suresh. „The potential impact of pathogens on honey bee, Apis mellifera L., colonies and possibilities for their control“. John Wiley and Sons, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/23505.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Excessive honey bee colony losses all over the world are believed to be caused by multiple stressors. In this thesis, I characterized and quantified pathogen levels in honey bee colonies, studied their interactions with each other and with their associated parasite vectors, examined factors that influence their combined impacts on honey bees and developed methods to manage honey bee viruses so that colony losses can be minimized. My baseline study of virus prevalence and concentration in healthy and unhealthy (showing visible signs of disease) colonies in Canada showed that seven economically important viruses (DWV, BQCV, IAPV, KBV, SBV, ABPV, and CBPV) were all widely distributed in Canada. Differences in concentration and prevalence of some viruses were found between unhealthy and healthy colonies but these differences may have been due in part to seasonal or regional effects. Studies of the impact of viruses on worker bee populations over winter showed different factors were correlated with bee loss in different environments. Spring concentrations of DWV and mean abundance of Varroa (Varroa destructor) were positively correlated with bee loss and negatively correlated with spring population size in outdoor-wintered colonies. Fall concentration of IAPV was negatively correlated with spring population size of colonies in indoor-wintering environments but not in outdoor-environments. My study showed that it is important to consider location of sampling when associating pathogen loads with bee loss with Nosema and BQCV. Seasonal patterns of parasites and pathogens were characterized for each wintering methods (indoor and outdoor). My results revealed lower ABPV and Nosema ceranae prevalence and lower DWV concentration in genetically diverse than genetically similar colonies. I showed that within colony genetic diversity may be an important evolutionary adaptation to allow honey bees to defend against a wide range of diseases. In laboratory studies, I showed that feeding DWV to larvae in the absence of Varroa causes wing deformity and decreased survival rates of adult bees relative to bees not fed DWV. Finally, I showed that RNA silencing can be used to reduce DWV concentrations in immature and adult bees, reduce wing deformity in emerging adults, and increase their longevity relative to controls.
19
Squire, Ursula A. „BEE CAUSE: Is Legislative Action Protecting Bees from Neonicotinoids Justified?“ PDXScholar, 2016. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2988.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The potential harm caused to bees and other pollinators by the widespread use of neonicotinoids has the capacity to pose a real and immediate threat to both the environment and humans. The benefits that bees and other pollinators provide, combined with the potential of harm they may face, are important enough to warrant a more comprehensive testing apparatus by which to evaluate threats to their population. Environmentally, bees and other pollinators are an important piece of ecosystemic balance--from pest management to pollination of plants that are a part of many species' diet. Anthropologically speaking, the way of life humans have been accustomed to and even need in order to survive is also largely dependent on a healthy population of bees and other pollinators; up to 70% of plants and vegetables we eat are directly a result of pollinators, and one third of every mouthful humans consume is attributed to pollinators. Without a healthy population of pollinators, the agricultural variety and nutritional availability would drastically decrease. Moreover, these agricultural products pollinators are responsible for also affect billions of dollars on both a national and global level. In many ways, the economic stability of the United States is at an equal risk as the pollinators. For example, an inability to produce many of our own agricultural staples would leave local and regional livelihoods disrupted and change the United States' import/export position. Moreover, this is not just a national problem. Pollinators are responsible for over 150 billion dollars globally in agriculture. Many of the nutrients humans need to be healthy would be in short supply.
While scientists continue to study the possible effects of neonicotinoids on pollinators, how should policy makers respond? In this thesis, I argue that the various and drastic ways in which pollinators impact our environment and every day life, combined with the potential of the harsh threats their collapse would entail, warrant a more stringent approach to the evaluation of potential harms like neonicotinoids. An ethical risk assessment, as I define one, would be an appropriate tool to apply to this situation to guide policy makers in drafting regulations even in the absence of scientific certainty. Ethical risk assessments are a tool by which to evaluate the moral and ethical responsibilities in a whole host of different scenarios, one of which is neonics and pollinators. In other words, this ethical risk assessment will be used as an instrument by which to determine whether or not there is a sufficient risk to the population of pollinators, thus determining whether regulation is appropriate. Through application of this risk assessment, I will show that in this particular case regulation is appropriate due to the risks neonics pose to pollinators in light of the evidence that we do have.
I develop a set of criteria for an ethical risk assessment. The criteria are a result of a combination of existing literature and some novel connections I draw here. This list, I argue, is what constitutes an ethical risk assessment. Ethical risk assessment, grounded in Utility Theory, is appropriate here because of its calculative apparatus and sociopolitical applicability.
20
Oberli-Schrämmli, Aurelia Elisabeth. „Regulation of the antibody reponse to bee venom phopholipase A'2 in bee keepers /“. Bern, 1992. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
21
Adomavičiūtė, Ieva. „Bičių šeimos kaip gamybos priemonės tyrimai“. Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140305_134203-30921.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Darbo tema: „Bičių šeimos kaip gamybos priemonės tyrimai“. Duomenys rinkti 2012-2013 metais iš 10 bitynų, kurie yra šiaurės rytų Aukštaitijos regione. Apklausti 5 bitininkai profesionalai ir 5 bitininkai mėgėjai. Raktiniai žodžiai: bitės, Varroa destructor erkės.
Apie 64 proc. Lietuvos bitininkų savo bitynuose nekeičia bičių motinėlių, todėl sumažėja bičių produktyvumas. Taip pat, didžiausia bitynų problema yra Varroa destructor erkės, kadangi jos ne tik nualina bičių šeimą, bet yra viena iš esminių priežasčių, dėl bičių mirtingumo po žiemojimo.
Darbo tikslas yra įvertinti veiksnius, labiausiai įtakojančius bičių populiacijos mažėjimui ir bičių produktyvumui. Taip pat išanalizuoti bitininkų kompetenciją bitininkystės srityje mėgėjų ir profesionaliuose bitynuose.
Darbo uždaviniai: įvertinti bičių šeimų produktyvumą profesionaliuose bitynuose ir mėgėjų bitynuose:
• Įvertinti Varroa destructor erkių paplitimą bičių šeimose;
• Įvertinti Varroa destructor įtaką bičių šeimų produktyvumui;
• Palyginti veislinių ir mišrūnių bičių produktyvumą;
• Nustatyti, bičių šeimų, kuriose buvo keistos motinėlės produktyvumą ir atsparumą Varroa destructor erkėms;
• Įvertinti medaus kokybinius rodiklius tirtuose bitynuose pagal medaus techninio reglamento reikalavimus;
Atlikus analizę paaiškėjo, kad:
• Produktyviausios bičių šeimos, kuriose bičių motinėlė keičiama kas du metus, ir nesirgo varoze.
• Bičių šeimos sergančios varoze yra mažiau produktyvios. Iš sergančios šeimos profesionaliame... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Topic of the paper: “Research of a beehive as a mean of production”. Data collected from 10 apiaries in the region of northeast Upper Lithuania in the year 2012-2013. 5 professional and 5 amateur beekeepers were interviewed. Key words: bees, Varroa destructor mites. It is argued that about 64% of Lithuanian beekeepers apiaries does not change the queen bee, which reduces the productivity of the bees. Also, the biggest problem of the apiaries is Varroa destructor mites, which not only exhausts a beehive, but it is one of the most significant reasons for bee mortality after hibernation. Aim of the paper is to evaluate the most influential factors in declining of bee population and productivity. Also to analyze beekeepers competency in the fields of amateur an professional apiaries. Tasks of the paper: evaluate the productivity of bee colonies in professional and amateur apiaries. • Evaluate the spread of Varroa destructor mites in beehives; • Evaluate the influence of Varroa destructor to the beehive productivity; • Compare the productivity of pedigree and hybrid bees; • Identify beehives that productivity and immunity were affected by Varroa destructor mites; • Evaluate qualitative indicators of honey according to honey technical regulation requirements; The analysis shows that: • The most productive beehives are the ones where the queen bee is substituted every two year and never had varroasis; • Beehives that had varroasis are less productive. 35 kg or 27% less honey is... [to full text]
22
Glisson, Carly A. „The Fever of a Bee“. The Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1391601189.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
23
Sondell, Jennifer. „Förekomsten av mikrosporidien Nosema sp. hos honungsbin (Apis mellifera) i Sverige; : en jämförelse mellan fyra honungsbiraser under höst- och vintersäsong“. Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-186226.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Honey bees are fundamental for maintaining biodiversity in our ecosystems, but a recent decline in honey bee colonies has caused a growing concern for honey bee health worldwide. One component of colony collapses is Nosema (Microsporidia), which is associated with colony collapses in many subtropical regions. However, infection by Nosema is also known to accumulate within the honey bee hive during overwintering in colder climates. In this study, the prevalence of Nosema is compared between four honey bee subspecies during fall and winter and is focused on two hypotheses: 1) infection by Nosema is more prevalent in honey bees during winter and 2) infection by Nosema differs between different honey bee subspecies. Bees were dissected, and their guts were analysed for Nosema spores using a light microscope. Results showed a difference in amount of Nosema infected colonies between winter and fall. Also, results showed a difference between Buckfast bee (A. mellifera hybrid) and Carniolan bee (A. mellifera carnica) in Nosema infected colonies during the fall period. These results indicate that infection by Nosema in cold climates might be more prevalent than previously thought. Additionally, there might be differences in resilience between honey bee subspecies, but infection of Nosema seem to depend less on subspecies than season. More research is needed on Nosema in cold regions to assess the effect of Nosema on honey bees in Sweden and worldwide to prevent future colony collapses of honey bees.
24
Ellis, James Douglas. „The ecology and control of small hive beetles (Aethina tumida Murray)“. Thesis, Rhodes University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1016253.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The small hive beetle (Aethina tumida Murray) is an endemic scavenger in colonies of honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) subspecies inhabiting sub-Saharan Africa. The beetle only occasionally damages host colonies in its native range and such damage is usually restricted to weakened/diseased colonies or is associated with after absconding events due to behavioral resistance mechanisms of its host. The beetle has recently been introduced into North America and Australia where populations of managed subspecies of European honey bees have proven highly susceptible to beetle depredation. Beetles are able to reproduce in large numbers in European colonies and their larvae weaken colonies by eating honey, pollen, and bee brood. Further, adult and larval defecation is thought to promote the fermentation of honey and large populations of beetles can cause European colonies to abscond, both resulting in additional colony damage. The economic losses attributed to the beetle since its introduction into the United States have been estimated in millions of US dollars. Although beetles feed on foodstuffs found within colonies, experiments in vitro show that they can also complete entire life cycles on fruit. Regardless, they reproduce best on diets of honey, pollen, and bee brood. After feeding, beetle larvae exit the colony and burrow into the ground where they pupate. Neither soil type nor density affects a beetle’s ability to successfully pupate. Instead, successful pupation appears to be closely tied to soil moisture. African subspecies of honey bees employ a complicated scheme of confinement (aggressive behavior toward and guarding of beetles) to limit beetle reproduction in a colony. Despite being confined away from food, adult beetles are able to solicit food and feed from the mouths of their honey bee guards. Remarkably, beetle-naïve European honey bees also confine beetles and this behavior is quantitatively similar to that in African bees. If confinement efforts fail, beetles access the combs where they feed and reproduce. Two modes of beetle oviposition in sealed bee brood have been identified. In the first mode, beetles bite holes in the cappings of cells and oviposit on the pupa contained within. In the second mode, beetles enter empty cells, bite a hole in the wall of the cell, and oviposit on the brood in the adjacent cell. Despite this, African bees detect and remove all of the infected brood (hygienic behavior). Similarly, European bees can detect and remove brood that has been oviposited on by beetles. Enhancing the removal rate of infected brood in European colonies through selective breeding may achieve genetic control of beetles. Additional avenues of control were tested for efficacy against beetles. Reducing colony entrances slowed beetle ingress but the efficacy of this method probably depends on other factors. Further, the mortality of beetle pupae was higher when contacting species of the fungus Aspergillus than when not, making biological control an option. Regardless, no control tested to date proved efficacious at the level needed by beekeepers so an integrated approach to controlling beetles remains preferred. The amalgamation of the data presented in this dissertation contributed to a discussion on the beetle’s ecological niche, ability to impact honey bee colonies in ways never considered, and the ability to predict the beetle’s spread and impact globally.
25
Oliveira, Lucas. „CAN YOU SEE THE BEE? : COOPERATING WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF NATIVE BEE AWARENESS IN BRAZIL“. Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för design (DE), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-106639.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Brazil is the country with the second-largest number of cataloged bee species in the world, about 2,000. Among these we have stingless bees, with around 250 different species; these live in society, produce honey, and unlike the European Apis Mellifera, do not sting. Sadly, most Brazilians only know of the existence of a single bee species, which is the invasive European bee. Native bees are not only the most important pollinators of our native flora but are also part of an intricate and fragile web of life that is currently under threat. For each bee species that go extinct, there are far-reaching consequences for the entire ecosystem it belongs to, therefore it’s imperative to protect and care for our native bees.In this project, I've worked alongside the Terra Mirim foundation. I’ve compiled information on native bees, their biology, the native history of beekeeping, societal behavior, their importance, risks, etc. I started this work in collaboration with Terra Mirim, a foundation that works on the recovery of the Atlantic Forest and has over 60 native beehives under their care, they also receive many visitors throughout the year who are looking for closer contact with nature. I believe awareness, knowledge, and proximity are important starting points for developing empathy towards other forms of life, so along with the photographs I’ve been taking, I am transforming the information I compiled into signboards to promote awareness among Terra Mirim’s visitors.
26
Arroyo, Hinojosa Gustavo, Dominguez Vanessa Cordova, Yllatopa José Gonzales, Ruiz Diego Gerardo Suyo und López Joselhyn Alexi Yllisca. „Proyecto de producción y comercialización online de cerveza artesanal de Miel de marca Bee-Bee“. Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653038.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
La empresa Bee-beer surge de la idea de implementar un insumo tan preciado en la sierra peruana que es la miel de abeja. Asimismo, la idea nació gracias a un integrante de nuestro grupo, quien cuenta con familia en Abancay y conoce a al presidente de la asociación de apicultores de Abancay- Apurímac que nos proveerá la miel para la elaboración de la cerveza. Bee-beer desea que sus clientes tengan una buena experiencia al consumir una cerveza 100% peruana con los insumos de primera calidad y la combinación de lo dulce de la miel con el toque amargor caracterizado por las cervezas artesanales. La empresa incursionará en el mundo del e-commerce vendiendo las cervezas en presentación de “six pack” a todos sus clientes a través de las redes sociales Facebook e Instagram. Por otro lado, se contará con una planta de producción de la cerveza artesanal con una capacidad de producción mensual de 2109 “six packs”. Asimismo, se contará con 8 fermentadores que usaremos para que la cerveza pueda cumplir el proceso de fermentación de aproximadamente de 4 a 5 días. Como medio de distribución, contaremos con un servicio de delivery que vamos a tercerizar con la empresa Olva Courier que llegará a diferentes distritos de Lima, escogimos esta empresa por ser una compañía segura para el tema de envíos a nivel local y provincias. Para nuestro personal, contaremos con un administrador, dos operarios, un community manager y un asistente que estarán en planilla y contarán con todos sus derechos laborales. En el presente trabajo hemos hecho una proyección de 3 años para la empresa Beebeer.The Bee-beer company arises from the idea of implementing an input so precious in the Peruvian highlands that it is honey. Likewise, the idea was born thanks to a member of our group, who has a family in Abancay and knows the president of the Abancay-Apurímac association of beekeepers who will provide us with honey for making beer. Bee-beer wants customers have a good experience consuming a 100% Peruvian beer with the highest quality inputs and the combination of the sweetness of honey with the bitter touch characterized by craft beers. The Company will enter the world of e-commerce by selling the beers in the presentation of "six pack" to all its customers through social networks Facebook and Instagram. On the other hand, there will be a craft beer production plant with a monthly production capacity of 2109 "six packs". Likewise, there will be 8 fermenters that we will use so that the beer can complete the fermentation process of approximately 4 to 5 days. As a means of distribution, we will have a delivery service that we will outsource with the company Olva Courier that will reach different districts of Lima, we chose this company because it is a safe company for the issue of shipments at the local level and provinces. For our staff, we will have an administrator, two operators, a community manager and an assistant who will be on the payroll and will have all their labor rights. In this work we have made a projection of 3 years for the Bee-beer company.
Trabajo de investigación
27
Albinsson, Felix, und Jesper Riedl. „HONEYPOT – To bee or not to bee: A study of attacks on ICS/SCADA systems“. Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-54563.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
In the past, industrial control systems (ICS) and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems were planned to run as isolated networks, and not interconnect with other networks e.g., the internet or other parts of a corporate’s network. Because of the isolation, no cybersecurity mechanism was required. In the modern society, ICS/SCADA systems has evolved to communicate over public IP networks and has been incorporated in a company’s intranet or directly to the internet. This integration opens up for threats that were not envisioned at the time when the system was created. When ICS/SCADA systems get exposed to the internet, there is a risk that vulnerabilities in the systems get exploited by a malicious force. This can lead to data loss, destruction of data and devices, damage to infrastructure, financial losses for the company, and even loss of human life could occur. To mitigate and prevent attacks it is crucial to understand the attacks and the behaviour of the attacker. One way to achieve this is setting up a system that mimics the real system. This fake system is separated from the production network and closely monitored. The data collected can be analysed and used to gain knowledge about the attacks. This thesis will present a possible way to study attacks on an ICS/SCADA system using a honeypot designed for this purpose. To do this, a suitable honeypot had to be found that could collect relevant data regarding what kind of attacks that may be used against an ICS/SCADA system. This was achieved by experimenting with different set ups, and the collected data was analysed. This led to the use of T-pot as the chosen honeypot and the collected data showed that a lot of the traffic were directed towards the ICS/SCADA communication protocols Modbus and s7comm. To secure an ICS/SCADA system, it is important to gain knowledge about attacks and attack vectors. A honeypot can be a useful tool that provide information regarding attacks and attackers and can be a help in setting up a defence-in-depth strategy to improve the security in an ICS/SCADA network.
28
Guezen, Jessica. „Past Floral Resources as a Predictor of Present Bee Visits in Agroecosystems“. Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37051.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Relying on wild bees for pollination services has become necessary as the global demand for crops dependent on animal pollination increases. If wild bee populations are to establish and persist in agricultural landscapes, there must be sufficient floral resources over time and space. This study examines the relationship between bee visits in agroecosystems and the spatiotemporal availability of floral resources over one season. I expected that landscapes with greater floral resources earlier in the season would subsequently experience more bee visits than landscapes with fewer early-season floral resources, and that the spatiotemporal scale of this effect would differ among taxa. I measured bee visitation rate and floral resource density over three spatial scales and during four time-periods spanning one season, in 27 agricultural sites across Ontario and Québec, Canada. The present abundance of floral resources at a local scale positively influenced bee visits across all sampling periods. However, differences in the temporal scale of bees’ response to floral resources were observed at landscape scales. Past and present floral resources were positively or negatively associated with bee visits depending on the time of season and which taxon was examined. The number of visits by Andrenidae, honey bees, and bumble bees increased with floral resource abundance in previous time-periods, while other taxa exhibited a negative association with past floral resources, suggesting possible dilution of bee populations at a landscape scale. Understanding the scales at which bee taxa are influenced by floral resources can allow development of land management strategies that could enhance crop pollination and conserve species threatened by agricultural intensification.
29
Wagner, Jennie Faith. „Can Beef Be Bee-Friendly? Using Native Warm-Season Grasses and Wildflowers in Pastures to Conserve Bees“. Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/98621.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Over the past several decades, native and managed bee populations have decreased in the United States and worldwide. Although bee decline is attributable to several factors, habitat loss is the primary driver. Simultaneously, cattle producers in the eastern U.S. rely primarily on cool-season forages that peak in biomass production in late spring, leading to a lack of forage in the summer months and increasing the costs of cattle production. Seeding pastures with a mix of native warm-season grasses and native wildflowers could increase forage availability while also increasing available resources for bees. In this study, a mix of three native warm-season grasses (NWSGs) and 15 wildflower species was planted at the Virginia Tech Shenandoah Valley Agricultural Research and Extension Center (SVAREC). The objectives of this project were to document the establishment and species composition of NWSG + wildflower pasture mixtures, compare the attractiveness of wildflowers and weedy species to bees, and compare the bee community between NWSG + wildflower pastures and more typical cool-season grass pastures. The wildflowers in the NWSG + wildflower pastures dominated over grasses. All wildflower species that established were attractive to bees, as were some weedy species. The NWSG + wildflower treatments had the highest abundance of bees collected, with an average of 14.8 bees collected per pasture per sampling date in 2018, and an average of 12.4 bees collected per pasture per sampling date in 2019. These results indicate that with modification of establishment methods so that more grasses are present, this pasture system could be beneficial from both a cattle production and bee conservation standpoint.Master of Science in Life Sciences
Over the past several decades, there has been a decline in bee populations in the U.S. and around the world. Bees play an important role in pollinating many food crops, including most fruits and vegetables. Habitat loss is the biggest contributor to their decline. There are also issues with cattle production in the eastern U.S. Most farmers rely on grasses that are the most productive in the late spring and early summer, meaning that by mid- and late summer, there is little grass available for cattle. Planting pastures with native grasses designed to be the most productive in the late summer and native wildflowers could increase food available for cattle as well as provide more pollen and nectar for bees. In this experiment, we planted a mix of three grasses and 15 wildflowers. We documented how well the grasses and wildflowers established. We also examined how attractive wildflowers and weeds were to bees and compared the number and types of bees collected between the new pastures and traditional pastures. We found that the wildflowers, instead of the grasses, dominated the pastures. All wildflowers that established, as well as some weeds, attracted bees and provided resources. Higher numbers of bees were collected in the pastures with wildflowers than standard grass pastures, but there were not necessarily more bee species present. These results suggest that, with some modifications, planting native grasses and wildflowers in pastures could help conserve bees as well as benefit cattle farmers.
30
Bero, Ursula. „Approaching the Pollinator Problem Through Human-Bee Relations: Perspectives & Strategies in Beekeeping“. Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36511.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Beekeepers help to secure the pollination capacity of bees by mediating bee-stressors. This study argues that beekeeper strategies are best conceptualized as a series of specialized practices for bettering bee-health, which are mobilized by a variety of actors, including those who are not traditionally considered ‘beekeepers’. The aim of this paper is to explore those human beliefs and practices which are most relevant for gaining insight into the current pollinator problem. Farmers, bee-conservationists, bee-researchers and honeybee-keepers all play an important role in securing bee health. The paper draws on the social-ecological perspective to consider alternative definitions of caring for bees, what shapes these conceptualizations and how these are reflected in beekeeper strategies, which inevitably contribute to the overall functioning of human-bee constituted systems. In the context of rising honeybee colony losses in Canada and of wild bee decline around the world, understanding the diversity of approaches for bettering bee-health is exceedingly important for initiating long-term, sustainable and multi-level bee-pollinator conservation.
31
ChaÌ‚line, Nicolas. „Reproductive conflict in the honey bee“. Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419602.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
32
Bee, Maximilian [Verfasser]. „Implantierbarer Glukosesensor in Mikrosystemtechnik / Maximilian Bee“. München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1100968776/34.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
33
Bee, Carlos Maximilian [Verfasser]. „Implantierbarer Glukosesensor in Mikrosystemtechnik / Maximilian Bee“. München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1100968776/34.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
34
Tejeda, Achondo Juan Cristóbal, und González Cristian Mauricio Ramírez. „Casa de juegos interactiva Bee-Happy“. Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2018. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/168489.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
TESIS PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE MAGÍSTER EN ADMINISTRACIÓN (MBA)Tejeda Achondo, Juan Cristóbal, [Parte I], Ramírez González, Cristian Mauricio, [Parte II]
este plan, se desarrollará la idea de implementar una Casa de Juegos Interactiva en la comuna de Ñuñoa, con una propuesta cercana, segura y novedosa. El proyecto considera insertarse al corto plazo, es decir, en no más de tres años, como uno de los líderes y más reconocidos a nivel comunal y regional, apuntando a público de nivel socioeconómico AB, C1a y C1b, dando acceso a otros segmentos emergentes. La forma de establecer el negocio será mediante el énfasis en los atributos más valorados por los potenciales consumidores, descubiertos en las diversas encuestas destacando por el elemento diferenciador que es la integración de actividades vinculantes, la seguridad, calidad de las instalaciones y variedad de eventos relacionados con esta etapa. La seguridad, confort y calidad de servicio, serán considerados los pilares fundamentales de su operación y continuamente serán evaluados para detectar espacios de mejora, evitar posibles riesgos y mantener los niveles de percepción de calidad de servicio de sus clientes en un 85%. BEE-HAPPY buscará incrementar su demanda generando alianzas comerciales con colegios, condominios y empresas del sector. Se buscará crear una cultura tanto hacia los clientes como hacia los trabajadores, teniendo como objetivo ser un lugar atractivo al que todos quieran pertenecer. Juan Cristóbal Tejeda y Cristian Ramírez González, ambos ingenieros, con experiencia en el área comercial, agronómica y desarrollo de proyectos son sus creadores y ejecutores, los cuales buscan contribuir a la comunidad, entregando un servicio cercano y asequible que permita ser un punto de encuentro de diversión familiar. El proyecto es rentable ya que tiene un TIR 46,56% y un VAN de 39,2 Millones (Pesos chilenos)
35
Seagle, Jason Andrew. „AGRICULTURAL CERTIFICATIONS AND BEEKEEPING: LESSONS FROM AN APICULTURAL COOPERATIVE IN NORTHEASTERN EL SALVADOR, CENTRAL AMERICA“. The University of Montana, 2008. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-04242008-143304/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Beekeeping, and especially the production and sale of honey, is an on-farm diversification strategy that has significance to rural livelihoods in some of the most economically and environmentally marginalized regions of the world. Beekeeping also supports sustainable agriculture since it requires that vegetation and forest cover remain intact. However, the limited resources of beekeepers, including marketing constraints, make it difficult for them to realize the full value of their beekeeping enterprises. This professional paper focuses on the Eco-Morazán Cooperative in El Salvador as a case study to examine the costs, benefits and market potential of three types of certification schemes: 1) Fair Trade, 2) Organic, and 3) Rainforest Alliance Certification. The paper draws on information from existing literature, and extended field visits and informal interviews with representatives from the cooperative. It concludes with recommendations on how the cooperative can take advantage of the benefits of these certification schemes. These include suggestions for both the cooperative and Rainforest Alliance initiative, the only one of the three not currently certifying apicultural production.
36
Park, Doori, Je Won Jung, Beom-Soon Choi, Murukarthick Jayakodi, Jeongsoo Lee, Jongsung Lim, Yeisoo Yu et al. „Uncovering the novel characteristics of Asian honey bee, Apis cerana, by whole genome sequencing“. BioMed Central Ltd, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/610288.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
BACKGROUND: The honey bee is an important model system for increasing understanding of molecular and neural mechanisms underlying social behaviors relevant to the agricultural industry and basic science. The western honey bee, Apis mellifera, has served as a model species, and its genome sequence has been published. In contrast, the genome of the Asian honey bee, Apis cerana, has not yet been sequenced. A. cerana has been raised in Asian countries for thousands of years and has brought considerable economic benefits to the apicultural industry. A cerana has divergent biological traits compared to A. mellifera and it has played a key role in maintaining biodiversity in eastern and southern Asia. Here we report the first whole genome sequence of A. cerana. RESULTS: Using de novo assembly methods, we produced a 238 Mbp draft of the A. cerana genome and generated 10,651 genes. A.cerana-specific genes were analyzed to better understand the novel characteristics of this honey bee species. Seventy-two percent of the A. cerana-specific genes had more than one GO term, and 1,696 enzymes were categorized into 125 pathways. Genes involved in chemoreception and immunity were carefully identified and compared to those from other sequenced insect models. These included 10 gustatory receptors, 119 odorant receptors, 10 ionotropic receptors, and 160 immune-related genes. CONCLUSIONS: This first report of the whole genome sequence of A. cerana provides resources for comparative sociogenomics, especially in the field of social insect communication. These important tools will contribute to a better understanding of the complex behaviors and natural biology of the Asian honey bee and to anticipate its future evolutionary trajectory.
37
Alger, Samantha Ann. „Rna Virus Ecology In Bumble Bees (bombus Spp.) And Evidence For Disease Spillover“. ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2018. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/955.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The inadvertent spread of exotic pests and pathogens has resulted in devastating losses for bees. The vast majority of bee disease research has focused on a single species of managed bee, the European honey bee (Apis mellifera). More recently, pathogen spillover from managed bees is implicated in the decline of several bumble bee species (Bombus spp.) demonstrating a need to better understand the mechanisms driving disease prevalence in bees, transmission routes, and spillover events.
RNA viruses, once considered specific to honey bees, are suspected of spilling over from managed honey bees into wild bumble bee populations. To test this, I collected bees and flowers in the field from areas with and without honey bee apiaries nearby. Prevalence of deformed wing virus (DWV) and black queen cell virus (BQCV) as well as replicating DWV infections in Bombus vagans and B. bimaculatus were highest in bumble bees collected near honey bee apiaries (χ 12 < 6.531, P < 0.05). My results suggest that honey bees are significant contributors of viruses to bumble bees. Flowers have been suspected as bridges in virus transmission among bees. I detected bee viruses on 18% of the flowers collected within honey bee apiaries and detected no virus on flowers in areas without apiaries, thus providing evidence that viruses are transmitted at flowers from infected honey bees. In controlled experiments using captive colonies in flight cages, I found that honey bees leave viruses on flowers but not equally across plant species. My results suggest that there are differences in virus ecology mediated by floral morphology and/or pollinator behavior. No bumble bees became infected in controlled experiments, indicating that virus transmission through plants is a rare event that is likely to require repeated exposure.
The few studies examining viruses in bumble bees are generally limited to virus detection, resulting in little understanding of the conditions affecting virus titers. In honeybees, infections may remain latent, capable of replicating under certain conditions, such as immunosuppression induced by pesticide exposure. I tested whether exposure to imidacloprid, a neonicotinoid pesticide, affects virus titers in bumble bees. In previous honey bee studies, imidacloprid exposure increased virus titers. In contrast, I found that bumble bee exposure to imidacloprid decreased BQCV and DWV titers (χ42 < 20.873, p < 0.02). My findings suggest that virus-pesticide interactions are species-specific and results from honey bee studies should not be generalized across other bee species.
Having found that honey bees are significant contributors of viruses to wild bees and flowers, I investigated how honey bee management practices affect disease spread and developed recommendations and tools to lesson the risk of spillover events. Honey bee disease may be exacerbated by migratory beekeeping which increases stress and opportunities for disease transmission. I experimentally tested whether migratory conditions contribute to disease spread in honey bees and found negative yet varying effects on bees suggesting that the effects of migratory practices may be ameliorated with rest time between pollination events. State apiary inspection programs are critical to controlling disease spread and reducing the risk of spillover. However, these programs are often resource constrained. I developed and deployed a toolkit that enables state programs to prioritize inspections and provide a platform for beekeeper education. Using novel data collected in Vermont, I discovered several promising avenues for future research and provided realistic recommendations to improve bee health.
38
PAPA, GIULIA. „Study of airborne particulate matter (PM) contaminating the honey bee Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 and bee products“. Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/94210.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Apis mellifera Linnaeus (1758) è un insetto eusociale conosciuto in tutto il mondo sia per la produzione di miele sia per il suo ruolo di impollinatore, uno dei servizi ecosistemici fondamentali per la biodiversità del pianeta. Durante la sua attività di foraggiamento, l’ape è esposta agli inquinanti ambientali tra cui il particolato atmosferico aerodisperso (PM). Il particolato atmosferico può depositarsi sul corpo dell’insetto e infine contaminare anche i prodotti apistici come polline e miele. Il PM può avere diverse dimensioni (es. PM10, PM2.5, PM0.1), composizione chimica, morfologia e fonti di emissione (naturale o antropica).
Nel presente elaborato di tesi, tecniche di microscopia elettronica a scansione (SEM-EDX) sono state utilizzate per caratterizzare la contaminazione da PM di origine antropica del corpo dell’ape e dei suoi prodotti (Capitolo 2 e Capitolo 3) e analisi molecolari per studiare gli eventuali effetti sub-letali sul microbiota intestinale di api esposte ai PM per via orale (Capitolo 4).Apis mellifera Linnaeus (1758) order Hymenoptera family Apidae, is a eusocial insect widely known for its role in pollination, a fundamental ecosystem service for plant biodiversity and ultimately for the planet. During flight and foraging activity, the honey bee can collect airborne particulate matter (PM) on their own body, especially on the forewings, and can also contaminate bee products as pollen and honey. Particulate matter can originate from natural or anthropic sources, and is characterised by size (e.g., PM10, PM2.5, PM0.1), chemical composition, and morphology. In this thesis, honey bee, pollen and honey were used as bioindicator of PM – from coarse to ultrafine – in industrial areas of the Po Valley, Italy (Chapter 2 and Chapter 3). The (sub-lethal) effects of Titanium dioxide – a widespread airborne PM1 pollutant – on the honey bee through oral exposure was then investigated (Chapter 4). The technique used to analyse the PM contaminating bees and bee products is the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with X-ray spectrometer (EDX). EDX spectra allowed us to obtain chemical information from specimens, while backscattered-electron (BSE) imaging and elemental mapping provided both compositional and topographic information of PM.
39
PAPA, GIULIA. „Study of airborne particulate matter (PM) contaminating the honey bee Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 and bee products“. Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/94210.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Apis mellifera Linnaeus (1758) è un insetto eusociale conosciuto in tutto il mondo sia per la produzione di miele sia per il suo ruolo di impollinatore, uno dei servizi ecosistemici fondamentali per la biodiversità del pianeta. Durante la sua attività di foraggiamento, l’ape è esposta agli inquinanti ambientali tra cui il particolato atmosferico aerodisperso (PM). Il particolato atmosferico può depositarsi sul corpo dell’insetto e infine contaminare anche i prodotti apistici come polline e miele. Il PM può avere diverse dimensioni (es. PM10, PM2.5, PM0.1), composizione chimica, morfologia e fonti di emissione (naturale o antropica).
Nel presente elaborato di tesi, tecniche di microscopia elettronica a scansione (SEM-EDX) sono state utilizzate per caratterizzare la contaminazione da PM di origine antropica del corpo dell’ape e dei suoi prodotti (Capitolo 2 e Capitolo 3) e analisi molecolari per studiare gli eventuali effetti sub-letali sul microbiota intestinale di api esposte ai PM per via orale (Capitolo 4).Apis mellifera Linnaeus (1758) order Hymenoptera family Apidae, is a eusocial insect widely known for its role in pollination, a fundamental ecosystem service for plant biodiversity and ultimately for the planet. During flight and foraging activity, the honey bee can collect airborne particulate matter (PM) on their own body, especially on the forewings, and can also contaminate bee products as pollen and honey. Particulate matter can originate from natural or anthropic sources, and is characterised by size (e.g., PM10, PM2.5, PM0.1), chemical composition, and morphology. In this thesis, honey bee, pollen and honey were used as bioindicator of PM – from coarse to ultrafine – in industrial areas of the Po Valley, Italy (Chapter 2 and Chapter 3). The (sub-lethal) effects of Titanium dioxide – a widespread airborne PM1 pollutant – on the honey bee through oral exposure was then investigated (Chapter 4). The technique used to analyse the PM contaminating bees and bee products is the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with X-ray spectrometer (EDX). EDX spectra allowed us to obtain chemical information from specimens, while backscattered-electron (BSE) imaging and elemental mapping provided both compositional and topographic information of PM.
40
Larsson, Magnus. „To Bee or Not to Be : Critical Floral Resources of Wild-Bees“. Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Universitetsbiblioteket [distributör], 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7108.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
41
Bamford, Sally. „Studies on the infection of honey bee larvae with Ascosphaera apis“. Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2699.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The fungus Ascosphaera apis causes the disease chalk brood in larvae of the honey bee, Apis mellifera. Ascospores were recognised as the agents of disease, but the site of their germination to initiate infection had not been established. In this study larval surface cuticle was initially investigated as a possible site, but spores did not even activate here. Therefore, potential inhibitors of spore germination were studied, including water and chloroform washings of larval cuticle; 4 larval food constituents - pollen, honey, brood food, royal jelly; and a variety of medium-chain fatty acids a t concentrations of 1, 0.1 and 0. 01%. Royal jelly exhibited a severe inhibitory effect on all germination stages. Larvae were successfully infected by feeding them food Containing A. apis spores, both in vitro and in vivo. A histological study of infected larvae demonstrated germination of spores in the mid-gut lumen, followed by penetration of the peritrophic membrane and gut epithelium by developing hyphae; and subsequent invasion of larval tissues by mycelia. Various aspects of spore physiology were investigated. Spore activation and enlargement were shown to be independent of temperature within the ranges of 10 to 40°C and 25 to 40°C respectively, while germ-tube production was closely temperature related, only occurring between 25 and 37°C - with an optimum between 31 and 35°C . However, all 3 germination stages were found to be independent of environmental pH within the range of pH 5 to 7.8. Studies on the nutritional requirements for germination revealed the need for exogenous supplies of both a carbon and nitrogen source to support germ-tube production. The ‘spore-ball phenomenon’ was investigated and a supplementary amino acid source was identified . The etiology of chalk brood is discussed in the light of these findings.
42
Peters, Lizette Alice. „Effect of pollen diet and honey bee (apis mellifera l.) primer pheromones on worker bee food producing glands“. [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3167.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
43
Larne, Olof. „Apiculture and Bee Health in Central Sweden“. Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-35420.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Pollination necessary for the agricultural crop production affects the functions of the ecosystems on earth. In landscapes where wild pollinators are decreasing, honey bees promote the maintenance of plant species, therefore honey bee losses are of great concern. Current honey bee colony losses (Apis mellifera) worldwide are caused by Colony collapse disorder, the mite Varroa destructor and pesticides. This results in the honey bees weakened immune defenses making them susceptible to different diseases. Studies show that long-term natural selection for coexistence, or resistance to Varroa mites by honey bees is possible, but further developments are needed for this application in managed beekeeping. Furthermore, lactic acid bacteria found in honey bees can play a crucial role by improving its immune response. At places where apicultural practices have led to decreased amounts of lactic acid bacteria in the bees, supplementary feeding is a possible treatment solution. The beekeepers' observations of mite reproduction dynamics and the overwintering of strong and healthy honey bees are needed to decrease Varroa treatment with synthetic chemicals. Based on this knowledge, a small survey of beekeepers in Örebro County, Sweden, was conducted in an attempt to determine the status of their bees during the last 5 years. The largest colony loss over the past 5 winters was predominantly in 2012-2013. Varroa mite infestations with disease symptoms were primarily found in the central region. Since the survey was small and time was limited it was only possible to make general conclusions. Deeper understanding of lactic acid bacteria in honey bee societies and their inhibition of different diseases are important for future research.
44
Souza, Tiago Favaro de [UNESP]. „Efeitos das doses subletais de fipronil para abelhas africanizadas (Apis mellifera L.), por meio de análises morfológicas e comportamentais“. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87734.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2009-08-07Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:10:16Z : No. of bitstreams: 1
souza_tf_me_rcla.pdf: 1237007 bytes, checksum: fe5f2ff0023b2ceaaa9190729308c607 (MD5)Muitos inseticidas atuam inibindo a ação de neurotransmissores específicos, causando a super atividade dos neurônios, como por exemplo, aqueles ligados ao aprendizado e a memória e, como conseqüência, podem alterar estruturas cerebrais. Atualmente, o inseticida fipronil é muito utilizado como defensivo agrícola, principalmente em culturas como cana-de-açúcar, soja e citrus, sendo que sua pulverização, que visa o controle de insetos-praga, vem causando sérios danos aos insetos não-alvo, como os polinizadores. Embora alguns estudos tenham sido realizados para os efeitos das doses subletais de inseticidas em abelhas A. mellifera, não existe nenhum trabalho documentado sobre esses efeitos para as abelhas africanizadas, híbrido predominante no país. Assim, esse projeto teve como objetivo estabelecer as doses subletais para o inseticida fipronil, administrado oralmente e por contato; os efeitos no comportamento de forrageamento das abelhas; e as possíveis alterações na morfologia do cérebro das abelhas (A. mellifera). Para isso, previamente foi calculado a DL50 oral e por contato, para que posteriormente estabelecesse os valores das doses subletais. Para as abelhas tratadas foram avaliados teste da atividade locomotora durante o forrageamento e de sensibilidade ao alimento, através da metodologia de Resposta e Extensão da Probóscide (REP), que é uma reprodução no que ocorre na interação abelha-planta. Por fim, foram realizados cortes histológicos no cérebro das abelhas tratadas a fim de detectar as possíveis alterações morfológicas destas estruturas e utilizar a técnica de imunohistoquímica para marcar e mapear as regiões cerebrais de atuação do inseticida. Os resultados mostraram-se promissores para as avaliações sobre o efeito de baixas doses do inseticida fipronil para as abelhas africanizadas, embora mais estudos deverão ser realizados e os testes melhores adaptados.
Many pesticides act as an inhibitor of the action of specific neurotransmissors, causing a super activity of neurons, for example, those linked with learning and memory and, as consequence, they can alter cerebral structures. Nowadays, the pesticide fipronil is largely used as an agricultural defense, manly in sugar cane, soy and citrus cultures. Its use that targets the control of plague insects has been causing serious effects on other insects, such as pollinators. Although some studies have been done on the effects of sublethal doses of pesticides on bees Apis mellifera, there are no documented work on those effects on Africanized bees, a hybrid very abundant in this country. Therefore, this project has the objective of establishing the sublethal doses of the pesticide fipronil, administrated orally and by contact; the effects of the foraging behavior of work bees; possible alterations on the brain morphology of Africanized bees (A. mellifera). For that, the oral and by contact DL50 were calculated previously, so that the values of sublethal doses could be established later. For bees treated with sublethal doses of fipronil, tests of dislocation activity during foraging and sensitivity to food were evaluated through the PER methodology, which is a reproduction of what happens in the interaction bee/plant. At last, histological cuts were made in the brains of treated bees to detect possible morphological alterations on these structures and to use the imunehistochemistry technique to mark and map the cerebral regions affected by the pesticide. The results showed themselves very promising for the evaluations of small doses of fipronil pesticide on Africanized bees, although further studies should be made and tests more adapted.
45
Dean, Kevin Raymond. „The synthesis and properties of radiolabelled melittin derivatives“. Thesis, University of Essex, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278536.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
46
Bellavance, Jesse Peter. „A GIS design for honeybee management prototype & assessment /“. Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=608.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 1999.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 42 p. : ill. (some col.), maps Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 38).
47
Mandla, Bulelani. „BEE and Malaysia's NEP : a comparative study /“. Thesis, Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/579.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
48
Delaney, Deborah A. „Genetic characterization of U.S. honey bee populations“. Online access for everyone, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Summer2008/d_delaney_070108.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
49
Loock, Madelaine. „The application of BEE legislation on employment“. Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/17990.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
BBBEE is currently on everyone’s minds and the uncertainty surrounding the changes to the Codes of Good Practice as well as the Sector Codes leaves business owner’s with a feeling of uncomfortable anticipation. The changes to the Codes of Good Practice has set the tone and most of the Sector Codes are being modelled around the Codes. Business owners will have to adapt to the changes and plan in advance in order to avoid being without a compliant BEE certificate. This will entail a strategic analysis of the company’s financial position as well as a strategic BEE plan for the 12 months they will be rated on.
50
Richardson, Rodney Trey. „Molecular analysis of honey bee foraging ecology“. The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1543239052414523.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle