Zeitschriftenartikel: „Batterie au Li“

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Do, Dinh Vinh, Christophe Forgez, Khadija El Kadri Benkara und Guy Friedrich. „Surveillance temps réel de batterie Li-ion“. European Journal of Electrical Engineering 14, Nr. 2-3 (30.06.2011): 383–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/ejee.14.383-397.

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Hörpel, G., P. Pilgram und M. Winter. „Moderne Li-Ionen-Batterie-Komponenten: Gegenwart und Zukunft“. Chemie Ingenieur Technik 80, Nr. 9 (September 2008): 1241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.200750844.

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Zhao-Karger, Zhirong, und Maximilian Fichtner. „Exploring Battery Materials for Ca Batteries“. ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, Nr. 4 (22.12.2023): 639. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-024639mtgabs.

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Rechargeable calcium (Ca) batteries have the prospects of high energy, low-cost and sustainability. Ca metal has a low reduction potential of -2.9 V vs. NHE (close to that of lithium -3.0 V)) and a high capacity, and thus the voltage and energy density of Ca batteries is potentially comparable with lithium-ion batteries. However, divalent Ca-ions and reactive Ca metal strongly interact with cathode materials and electrolyte solutions, leading to high charge-transfer barriers at the electrode-electrolyte interfaces and consequently low electrochemical performance. Herein, we will present the recent progress in the development of stable calcium tetrakis(hexafluoroisopropyloxy) borate Ca[B(hfip)4]2 (hfip = CH(CF3)2) electrolytes and the search for suitable cathode materials. We will discuss the interfacial properties of Ca anodes in liquid electrolytes and the chemistry of sulfur conversion electrodes in Ca batteries. References Li, O. Fuhr, M. Fichtner, Z. Zhao-Karger, Towards stable and efficient electrolytes for room-temperature rechargeable calcium batteries.Energy Environ. Sci. 12, 3496 (2019). Li, Z. M. Fichtner, Z. Zhao-Karger, Rechargeable Calcium–Sulfur Batteries Enabled by an Efficient Borate-Based Electrolyte. Small 16, 1–6 (2020). Zhao-Karger, Y. Xiu, Z. Li, A. Reupert, T. Smok, M. Fichtner, Calcium-tin alloys as anodes for rechargeable non-aqueous calcium-ion batteries at room temperature, Nature Comm. 13, 3849 (2022).

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Mathialagan, Kowsalya, Saranya T, Ammu Surendran, Ditty Dixon, Nishanthi S.T. und Aiswarya Bhaskar. „(Digital Presentation) Development of Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysts for Electrically Rechargeable Zinc-Air Batteries“. ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, Nr. 4 (09.10.2022): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-024403mtgabs.

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Zinc-air battery is a promising battery system as it possesses high theoretical energy density and is cost-effective3. The theoretical energy density of a Zinc-air battery is 1086 Wh kg-1, which is five times greater than that of lithium-ion batteries2. Moreover, zinc metal is one of the most abundant metals in the earth’s crust and is inexpensive. Rechargeable metal-air batteries operate based on two fundamental electrochemical reactions as Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) during discharge and Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) during recharge processes, respectively3. Electrocatalytic activity of the bifunctional electrocatalyst towards these two oxygen reactions will decide the performance of the battery1. Recent advancements in catalyst development are the fabrication of rechargeable air electrodes using a single active material that is capable of bifunctionally catalyzing ORR and OER3. The development of bifunctional catalysts with high activity is necessary for rechargeable metal-air batteries, such as zinc-air batteries3. In this work, a perovskite-type LaFeO3 material was synthesized using a citric acid-assisted sol-gel method and is investigated as bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst for electrically rechargeable zinc-air batteries. Structural studies using X-ray diffraction revealed the formation of phase pure LaFeO3 in space group Pbnm. This catalyst displayed considerable bifunctional catalytic activity for both oxygen reduction (0.74 V vs. RHE) and oxygen evolution reactions (0.40 V vs. RHE at 10 mA cm-2) in 1 M KOH electrolyte. Electrically rechargeable zinc-air batteries assembled using LaFeO3 as the oxygen electrocatalyst deliver a specific capacity of 936.38 mAh g( Zn) -1 after the 1st discharge. Further details will be discussed in the poster. Financial support from Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India under research grant number DST/TMD/MECSP/2K17/20 is gratefully acknowledged. References: [01] Y. Li, M. Gong, et. al., Nature communications, 4, (2013), 1-7 [02] P. Gu, M. Zheng, et. al., Journal of Material Chemistry, (2017), 1-17 [03] D. U. Lee, P. Xu, et. al., Journal of Material Chemistry, 4, (2016), 7107-7134

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Hao, Shuai. „Studies on the Performance of Two Dimensional AlSi as the Anodes of Li Ion Battery“. Solid State Phenomena 324 (20.09.2021): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.324.109.

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Recently, two-dimensional (2D) materials have been rapidly developed and they provided a wide application on the anode of the batteries, reducing the adverse effect of traditional ion batteries including low capacity, short cycle life, low charging rate and poor safety mainly coming from the use of graphite anode. The current report investigates the anode performances of AlSi, a new 2D material exfoliated from NaAlSi, for Li ion batterys (LIBs) through density functional theory (DFT) calculations and gives quantitative discussions on the Li ion valences, binding energies and open-circuit voltages of 2D AlSi anode. The results indicate that 2D AlSi performs great as a novel anode due to the moderate adhesion to Li and low barrier for ion diffusion. Furthermore, our research results illustrate a broad application prospect on the new anode inventions as well as reducing useless consumption on the batteries by the practice of AlSi anode.

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Yuan, Yuan. „Comparative Studies on Monolayer and Bilayer Phosphorous as the Anodes of Li Ion Battery“. Key Engineering Materials 896 (10.08.2021): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.896.61.

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Recently, two-dimensional (2D) material developed rapidly and provided a wide application on the anode of the batteries, reducing the adverse effect of traditional ion batteries such as low capacity, short cycle life, slow charging and poor safety mainly coming from the use of graphite anode. The current report investigates the anode performances of phosphorus, a new 2D material in electrochemistry field, with monolayer and bilayer structure for Li ion batterys (LIBs) through density functional theory (DFT) calculations and gives a comparison on the Li ion valences, binding energies and open-circuit voltages between the two structures. The results indicate that bilayer phosphorus perform better as a novel anode due to the stronger adhesion to Li and lower barrier for ion diffusion. Furthermore, our research results illustrate a broad application prospect on the new anode inventions as well as reducing useless consumption on the batteries by the practice of bilayer phosphorus anode.

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Kotobuki, Masashi. „Recent progress of ceramic electrolytes for post Li and Na batteries“. Functional Materials Letters 14, Nr. 03 (18.02.2021): 2130003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604721300036.

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Recently, post Li batteries have been intensively researched due to high cost and localization of Li sources, especially for large-scale applications. Concurrently, ceramic electrolytes for post Li batteries also gain much attention to develop all-solid-state post Li batteries. The most intensively researched post Li battery is Na battery because of chemical and electrochemical similarities between Li and Na elements. Many good review papers about Na battery have been published including Na-ion conductive ceramic electrolytes. Contrary, ceramic electrolytes for other post Li batteries like K, Mg, Ca, Zn and Al batteries are hardly summarized. In this review, research on ceramic electrolytes for K, Mg, Ca, Zn and Al batteries is analyzed based on latest papers published since 2019 and suggested future research direction of ceramic electrolytes for post-Li batteries.

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Mossaddek, Meriem, El Mehdi Laadissi, Chouaib Ennawaoui, Sohaib Bouzaid und Abdelowahed Hajjaji. „Enhancing battery system identification: nonlinear autoregressive modeling for Li-ion batteries“. International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 14, Nr. 3 (01.06.2024): 2449. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v14i3.pp2449-2456.

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Precisely characterizing Li-ion batteries is essential for optimizing their performance, enhancing safety, and prolonging their lifespan across various applications, such as electric vehicles and renewable energy systems. This article introduces an innovative nonlinear methodology for system identification of a Li-ion battery, employing a nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous inputs (NARX) model. The proposed approach integrates the benefits of nonlinear modeling with the adaptability of the NARX structure, facilitating a more comprehensive representation of the intricate electrochemical processes within the battery. Experimental data collected from a Li-ion battery operating under diverse scenarios are employed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. The identified NARX model exhibits superior accuracy in predicting the battery's behavior compared to traditional linear models. This study underscores the importance of accounting for nonlinearities in battery modeling, providing insights into the intricate relationships between state-of-charge, voltage, and current under dynamic conditions.

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Bao, Wurigumula, und Ying Shirley Meng. „(Invited) Development and Application of Titration Gas Chromatography in Elucidating the Behavior of Anode in Lithium Batteries“. ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, Nr. 2 (28.08.2023): 633. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-012633mtgabs.

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The accelerated transition to renewable energy systems worldwide has triggered increasing interest in energy storage technologies, especially in lithium batteries. Accurate diagnosis and understanding of the batteries degradation mechanism are essential. Titration Gas Chromatography (TGC) has been developed to quantitively understand the anode. The inactive Li in the cycled anode can be categorized into two kinds: 1) trapped Li0 (such as trapped lithiated graphite (LixC6), Li0, and lithium silicon alloy (LixSi)) and 2) solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) Li+. Noted that only trapped Li0 can react with the protic solvent to generate the hydrogen (H2), while SEI (Li+) does not1. Therefore, the H2 gas quantification can be correlated to the trapped Li0 as the foundation mechanism of TGC. With the optimal solvent selection, we successfully applied TGC to investigated: 1) the degradation behavior of Si-based anode materials2, 3; 2) corrosion effects on electrochemically deposited Li metal anode4; 3) the cycling behavior of Gr anode; 4) Li inventory quantification in practical Li metal battery5. We demonstrate the various application of TGC techniques in quantitatively examining the Li inventory changes of the anode. Beyond that, the results can provide unique insights into identifying the critical bottlenecks that facilitate battery performance development. References: Fang, C.; Li, J.; Zhang, M.; Zhang, Y.; Yang, F.; Lee, J. Z.; Lee, M. H.; Alvarado, J.; Schroeder, M. A.; Yang, Y.; Lu, B.; Williams, N.; Ceja, M.; Yang, L.; Cai, M.; Gu, J.; Xu, K.; Wang, X.; Meng, Y. S., Quantifying inactive lithium in lithium metal batteries. Nature 2019, 572 (7770), 511-515. Bao, W.; Fang, C.; Cheng, D.; Zhang, Y.; Lu, B.; Tan, D. H.; Shimizu, R.; Sreenarayanan, B.; Bai, S.; Li, W., Quantifying lithium loss in amorphous silicon thin-film anodes via titration-gas chromatography. Cell Reports Physical Science 2021, 2 (10), 100597. Sreenarayanan, B.; Tan, D. H.; Bai, S.; Li, W.; Bao, W.; Meng, Y. S., Quantification of lithium inventory loss in micro silicon anode via titration-gas chromatography. Journal of Power Sources 2022, 531, 231327. Lu, B.; Li, W.; Cheng, D.; Bhamwala, B.; Ceja, M.; Bao, W.; Fang, C.; Meng, Y. S., Suppressing chemical corrosions of lithium metal anodes. Advanced Energy Materials 2022, 2202012. Deng, W.; Yin, X.; Bao, W.; Zhou, X.; Hu, Z.; He, B.; Qiu, B.; Meng, Y. S.; Liu, Z., Quantification of reversible and irreversible lithium in practical lithium-metal batteries. Nature Energy 2022, 7 (11), 1031-1041.

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Younesi, Reza, Gabriel M. Veith, Patrik Johansson, Kristina Edström und Tejs Vegge. „Lithium salts for advanced lithium batteries: Li–metal, Li–O2, and Li–S“. Energy & Environmental Science 8, Nr. 7 (2015): 1905–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ee01215e.

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Chattopadhyay, Jayeeta, Tara Sankar Pathak und Diogo M. F. Santos. „Applications of Polymer Electrolytes in Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Review“. Polymers 15, Nr. 19 (27.09.2023): 3907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15193907.

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Polymer electrolytes, a type of electrolyte used in lithium-ion batteries, combine polymers and ionic salts. Their integration into lithium-ion batteries has resulted in significant advancements in battery technology, including improved safety, increased capacity, and longer cycle life. This review summarizes the mechanisms governing ion transport mechanism, fundamental characteristics, and preparation methods of different types of polymer electrolytes, including solid polymer electrolytes and gel polymer electrolytes. Furthermore, this work explores recent advancements in non-aqueous Li-based battery systems, where polymer electrolytes lead to inherent performance improvements. These battery systems encompass Li-ion polymer batteries, Li-ion solid-state batteries, Li-air batteries, Li-metal batteries, and Li-sulfur batteries. Notably, the advantages of polymer electrolytes extend beyond enhancing safety. This review also highlights the remaining challenges and provides future perspectives, aiming to propose strategies for developing novel polymer electrolytes for high-performance Li-based batteries.

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Conder, Joanna, Cyril Marino, Petr Novák und Claire Villevieille. „Do imaging techniques add real value to the development of better post-Li-ion batteries?“ Journal of Materials Chemistry A 6, Nr. 8 (2018): 3304–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta10622j.

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Imaging techniques are increasingly used to study Li-ion batteries and, in particular, post-Li-ion batteries such as Li–S batteries, Na-ion batteries, Na–air batteries and all-solid-state batteries. Herein, we review recent advances in the field made through the use of these techniques.

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Kanamura, Kiyoshi. „Separator for Lithium Batteries“. membrane 41, Nr. 3 (2016): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5360/membrane.41.121.

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Puttaswamy, Rangaswamy, Ranjith Krishna Pai und Debasis Ghosh. „Recent progress in quantum dots based nanocomposite electrodes for rechargeable monovalent metal-ion and lithium metal batteries“. Journal of Materials Chemistry A 10, Nr. 2 (2022): 508–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ta06747h.

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This review summarizes the recent progress in quantum dot based nanocomposites as electrode materials in Li/Na/K-ion batteries, as cathodes in Li–S and Li–O2 batteries and in improving the electrochemical performance of Li metal anode batteries.

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Gupta, Aman, Ditipriya Bose, Sandeep Tiwari, Vikrant Sharma und Jai Prakash. „Techno–economic and environmental impact analysis of electric two-wheeler batteries in India“. Clean Energy 8, Nr. 3 (03.05.2024): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkad094.

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Abstract This paper presents a comprehensive techno–economic and environmental impact analysis of electric two-wheeler batteries in India. The technical comparison reveals that sodium-ion (Na-ion) and lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries outperform lead–acid batteries in various parameters, with Na-ion and Li-ion batteries exhibiting higher energy densities, higher power densities, longer cycle lives, faster charge rates, better compactness, lighter weight and lower self-discharge rates. In economic comparison, Na-ion batteries were found to be ~12–14% more expensive than Li-ion batteries. However, the longer lifespans and higher energy densities of Na-ion and Li-ion batteries can offset their higher costs through improved performance and long-term savings. Lead–acid batteries have the highest environmental impact, while Li-ion batteries demonstrate better environmental performance and potential for recycling. Na-ion batteries offer promising environmental advantages with their abundance, lower cost and lower toxic and hazardous material content. Efficient recycling processes can further enhance the environmental benefits of Na-ion batteries. Overall, this research examines the potential of Na-ion batteries as a cheaper alternative to Li-ion batteries, considering India’s abundant sodium resources in regions such as Rajasthan, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and others.

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Liu, Qiang, Sisi Zhou, Cong Tang, Qiaoling Zhai, Xianggong Zhang und Rui Wang. „Li-B Alloy as an Anode Material for Stable and Long Life Lithium Metal Batteries“. Energies 11, Nr. 10 (21.09.2018): 2512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11102512.

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Rechargeable Li metal batteries have attracted lots of attention because they can achieve high energy densities. However, the commercialization of rechargeable Li metal batteries is delayed because Li dendrites may be generated during the batteries’ electrochemical cycles, which may cause severe safety issues. In this research, a Li-B alloy is investigated as an anode for rechargeable batteries instead of Li metal. Results show that the Li-B alloy has better effects in suppressing the formation of dendritic lithium, reducing the interface impedance and improving the cycle performance. These effects may result from the unique structure of Li-B alloy, in which free lithium is embedded in the Li7B6 framework. These results suggest that Li-B alloy may be a promising anode material applicable in rechargeable lithium batteries.

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Gabrisch, H., R. Yazami und B. Fultz. „Lattice defects in LiCoO2“. Microscopy and Microanalysis 7, S2 (August 2001): 518–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192760002866x.

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Rechargeable Lithium ion batteries are widely used as portable power source in communication and computer technology, prospective uses include medical implantable devices and electric vehicles. The safety and cycle life of Li ion batteries is improved over that of batteries containing metallic lithium anodes because the insertion of Li between the crystal layers of both electrodes was proved to be safer than the electroplating of Li onto a metallic Lithium anode. in Li-ion batteries, the charge transport is governed by the oscillation of Li ions between anode and cathode. They are sometimes called “rocking-chair“ batteries. The most common materials for these batteries are lithiated carbons for anodes, and transition metal oxides (LixCoO2) as cathodes.LixCoO2 has an ordered rhombohedral Rm structure consisting of alternating layers of Co-O-Li-O-Co. The capacity and energy density of the batteries is limited by the amount of Li that can be stored in the anode and cathode materials.

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Bazant, Martin. „(Invited, Digital Presentation) Driven Nucleation and Growth in Lithium Batteries“. ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, Nr. 23 (07.07.2022): 1136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01231136mtgabs.

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This talk will describe the physics of driven nucleation and growth in battery materials. The resulting nonequilibrium pattern formation may be either reaction-limited or transport limited. Examples of the former include driven phase separation in Li-ion batteries, electrodeposition in Li-air batteries, and Li plating in Li-ion batteries, controlled by electro-autocatalysis and competing electrochemical reactions. Examples of the latter include stable electrodeposition in Li-metal batteries with charged porous separators, controlled by deionization shock waves.

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Tsai, Wan-Yu, Xi Chen, Sergiy Kalnaus, Ritu Sahore und Andrew S. Westover. „Li Morphology Evolution during Initial Cycling in a Gel Composite Electrolyte“. ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, Nr. 4 (09.10.2022): 526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-024526mtgabs.

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Li metal anodes are the potential solution for high-energy batteries. One of the challenges of applying such a high-energy anode is Li dendrite growth, which results in short-circuit and thermal runaway. Current battery research focuses on developing solid electrolytes to serve as a physical barrier to prevent dendrite growth. However, the Li morphology change during plating and stripping, and the mechanisms of how Li dendrite grows and propagates into a complex composite solid electrolyte are poorly understood. Understanding and controlling Li morphology evolution, dendrite formation, and growth during cycling are crucial to developing dendrite suppression strategies for solid electrolytes and enabling high-energy lithium metal batteries. In this work, Li morphology evolution during initial cycling in a crosslinked PEO-based gel composite electrolyte full cell with NMC 811 cathode is monitored via post-mortem SEM. The results show that severe surface pitting occurs as early as the second stripping cycle. Pit formation and continuous dissolution is the main cause of Li surface roughening and dendrite growth mechanism in the model gel composite electrolyte. Comparing Li dendrite growth mechanisms in liquid, polymer, and solid electrolytes, the observed dendrite growth mechanism resembles that of the liquid electrolyte the most. This study suggests that strategies to improve the electrochemical reversibility of electrodeposited Li reported in liquid electrolytes to control Li morphology and prevent dendrite growth may be transferrable in a gel electrolyte. This work is sponsored by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. Part of the measurements was performed at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS), which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences.

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Chen, Lina, Haipeng Liu, Mengrui Li, Shiqiang Zhou, Funian Mo, Suzhu Yu und Jun Wei. „Boosting the Performance of Lithium Metal Anodes with Three-Dimensional Lithium Hosts: Recent Progress and Future Perspectives“. Batteries 9, Nr. 8 (25.07.2023): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries9080391.

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Li metal has emerged as a promising anode material for high energy density batteries, due to its low electrochemical potential and high specific capacity of 3860 mAh·g−1. These characteristics make it an attractive choice for electric vehicles and power grids. However, Li-metal batteries are plagued by dendrite issues stemming from the high reactivity of Li metal, which can ultimately result in battery failure or even safety concerns. To overcome this challenge, various strategies have been proposed to prevent dendrite formation and enhance the safety of Li-metal batteries. This review critically examines the recent progress in the development of dendrite-free Li-metal batteries, with a particular emphasis on advanced approaches of 3D Li metal host construction. Our goal is to provide a comprehensive overview of the 3D hosts for suppressing Li dendrites and to offer guidance for the future development of superior Li metal batteries.

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Song, Zihui, Wanyuan Jiang, Xigao Jian und Fangyuan Hu. „Advanced Nanostructured Materials for Electrocatalysis in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries“. Nanomaterials 12, Nr. 23 (06.12.2022): 4341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12234341.

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Lithium–sulfur (Li-S) batteries are considered as among the most promising electrochemical energy storage devices due to their high theoretical energy density and low cost. However, the inherently complex electrochemical mechanism in Li-S batteries leads to problems such as slow internal reaction kinetics and a severe shuttle effect, which seriously affect the practical application of batteries. Therefore, accelerating the internal electrochemical reactions of Li-S batteries is the key to realize their large-scale applications. This article reviews significant efforts to address the above problems, mainly the catalysis of electrochemical reactions by specific nanostructured materials. Through the rational design of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts (including but not limited to strategies such as single atoms, heterostructures, metal compounds, and small-molecule solvents), the chemical reactivity of Li-S batteries has been effectively improved. Here, the application of nanomaterials in the field of electrocatalysis for Li-S batteries is introduced in detail, and the advancement of nanostructures in Li-S batteries is emphasized.

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Zhang, Xin, Yongan Yang und Zhen Zhou. „Towards practical lithium-metal anodes“. Chemical Society Reviews 49, Nr. 10 (2020): 3040–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cs00838a.

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Lithium ion batteries cannot meet the ever increasing demands of human society. Thus batteries with Li-metal anodes are eyed to revive. Here we summarize the recent progress in developing practical Li-metal anodes for various Li-based batteries.

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Cho, Jang-Hyeon, Eunji Yoo, Jae-Seong Yeo, Hyunki Yoon und Yusong Choi. „Improved Electrochemical Performances of Li/CF_x-MnO₂ Primary Batteries Via the Optimization of Electrolytes“. ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, Nr. 2 (09.10.2022): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-022153mtgabs.

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The lithium(Li) primary batteries have been widely used in power sources for military applications. According to the military standards, the design temperatures for the basic climate category including the mid-altitude areas will include the ambient air temperature range of -32oC through +60oC, considering the operational, storage, and transit conditions of materiel systems. Among a variety of Li primary batteries, lithium/thionyl chloride (Li/SOCl2) primary batteries have been commonly utilized in military applications due to their high energy density, high operating voltage, and competitive cost. However, Li/SOCl2 batteries have serious challenges due to initial voltage delay by lithium chloride passivation layer and possible safety issues by a formation of toxic sulfur-dioxide (SO2) gas and solid sulfur during discharge. To overcome the intrinsic disadvantages of Li/SOCl2 batteries, research into lithium/carbon fluoride-manganese dioxide (Li/CFx-MnO2) batteries has been ramped up for military applications due to their high energy density and good rate capability. In this study, we have focused on an optimization of solvents and Li salts to improve the electrochemical performances of Li/CFx-MnO2 batteries in a wide operating temperature ranges. We have investigated candidate solvents for Li/CFx-MnO2 batteries with different compositions of methyl butyrate (MB) and 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether (TTE) as well as conventional solvents including propylene carbonate (PC), 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME), tetrahydrofuran (THF), ethyl acetate (EA), and 1,2-dioxolane (DOL). Moreover, we have investigated the effects of Li salts, lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiFSI), on the electrochemical performances in the low and high operating temperatures. Ionic conductivity measurements and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis were also carried out to investigate the physical properties and stability of electrolyte. This study will provide an opportunity to develop the new electrolyte systems for Li/CFx-MnO2 batteries in a wide operating temperature window.

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Schiavi, Pier Giorgio, Ludovica Baldassari, Pietro Altimari, Emanuela Moscardini, Luigi Toro und Francesca Pagnanelli. „Process Simulation for Li-MnO2 Primary Battery Recycling: Cryo-Mechanical and Hydrometallurgical Treatments at Pilot Scale“. Energies 13, Nr. 17 (02.09.2020): 4546. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13174546.

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Li primary batteries are currently treated along with other Li batteries in several big pyro- metallurgical plants in Northern EU countries. Nevertheless, pyro-metallurgical processes do not allow for Mn and Li recycling and present negative environmental impacts, on the other hand hydrometallurgical processing can potentially ensure the integral recovery of all materials in Li primary batteries. In this work, preliminary experimental findings obtained in the LIFE-LIBAT project (LIFE16 ENV/IT/000389) are reported. In this project, end of life Li(0)-MnO2 batteries were cryo-mechanically treated and then the metals were recovered by a hydrometallurgical process. Representative samples of end of life Li(0) batteries were characterized by type and composition. Batteries were stabilized in an N2 bath and then crushed, sieved, and magnetically separated in the SEVal pilot units. Separated fractions (fine fraction, magnetic coarse fraction, and non-magnetic coarse fraction) were chemically characterized for target metal content (Li and Mn). Fractions were first treated for Li extraction and recovery, then the fine fraction was also leached for Mn recovery. Mass balances evidenced a 55% recycling rate and process simulations outlined profitability in the potentiality range in agreement with battery collection fluxes.

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Liu, Yiming, Tian Qin, Pengxian Wang, Menglei Yuan, Qiongguang Li und Shaojie Feng. „Challenges and Solutions for Low-Temperature Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: A Review“. Materials 16, Nr. 12 (13.06.2023): 4359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16124359.

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The lithium–sulfur (Li-S) battery is considered to be one of the attractive candidates for breaking the limit of specific energy of lithium-ion batteries and has the potential to conquer the related energy storage market due to its advantages of low-cost, high-energy density, high theoretical specific energy, and environmental friendliness issues. However, the substantial decrease in the performance of Li-S batteries at low temperatures has presented a major barrier to extensive application. To this end, we have introduced the underlying mechanism of Li-S batteries in detail, and further concentrated on the challenges and progress of Li-S batteries working at low temperatures in this review. Additionally, the strategies to improve the low-temperature performance of Li-S batteries have also been summarized from the four perspectives, such as electrolyte, cathode, anode, and diaphragm. This review will provide a critical insight into enhancing the feasibility of Li-S batteries in low-temperature environments and facilitating their commercialization.

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Meng, Shirley. „(Battery Division Research Award) Advanced Characterization of Electrochemical Interfaces and Systems for Next-Generation Batteries“. ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, Nr. 7 (22.12.2023): 990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-027990mtgabs.

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Lithium (Li) metal has been considered as an ideal anode for high-energy rechargeable Li batteries while Li nucleation and growth at the nano scale remains mysterious as to achieving reversible stripping and deposition. A few decades of research have been dedicated to this topic and we have seen breakthroughs in novel electrolytes in the last few years, where the efficiency of lithium deposition is exceeding 99.6%. Here, cryogenic-transmission electron microscopy (Cryo-TEM/Cryo-FIB) was used to reveal the evolving nanostructure of Li deposits at various transient states in the nucleation and growth process, in which a disorder-order phase transition was observed as a function of current density and deposition time. More importantly, the complementary techniques such as titration gas chromatography (TGC) reveals the important insights about the phase fraction of solid electrolyte interphases (SEI) and electrochemical deposited Li (EDLi). While cryo-EM has made significant contributions to enabling lithium metal anodes for batteries, its applications in the area of electrochemical interphases such as those in all solid state batteries, beyond lithium batteries are still in the infancy, therefore, I will discuss a few new perspectives about how future advanced imaging and spectroscopic techniques can help to accelerate the innovation of novel energy storage materials and architectures.

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Jin, Yucheng. „A general comparison on energy density between Li-Ion, Li-S and Li-O2 batteries“. Applied and Computational Engineering 11, Nr. 1 (25.09.2023): 283–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/11/20230267.

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Today, under the situation of the rapid development of EVs. Li-ion batteries is the first choice to power EVs than any other energy storage system. Many researches are done on various types of batteries with different theoretical and practical energy density and specific energy, where Li-O2 and Li-S battery are considered ultimate alternatives to Li-ion battery, mainly due to their high energy density. Basic mechanisms of these three types of batteries are introduced, and some of the recent researches being done on components of Li-ion battery is briefly discussed. Comparisons on energy density between these three types of batteries are made in the article, where Li-O2 battery has a highest theoretical and practical energy density, followed by Li-S battery, and finally Li-ion battery. By applying a high energy density storage system in EV can further expand the EV market, and hence tend to be potentially beneficial to the global environment.

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28

Zhu, Hongli. „In Operando Neutron Image Characterizations of Li Metal in All Solid State Batteries“. ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, Nr. 6 (28.08.2023): 972. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-016972mtgabs.

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Neutron imaging has a high sensitivity to Li, strong penetrability to the cell framework, and quick data collection, allowing the spatiotemporal observation of Li evolution. In addition, neutron imaging can reconstruct the 3D structure of all-solid-state Li metal batteries through neutron computed tomography. In comparison, the reported X-ray computed tomography cannot directly observe Li metal. Lithium (Li) metal can significantly boost the energy density of all-solid-state batteries. In the past years, great efforts have been paid to develop high-performance all-solid-state Li metal batteries; however, the cycling life is not satisfactory due to the severe dendrite issue. It has been reported that Li can propagate inside the solid-state electrolytes to cause the battery short circuit. The mechano-electrochemical behavior of Li plays a key but lacks deep understanding. Meanwhile, there is a widely observed phenomenon that the voltage dynamically maintains stability but not increasing during battery charging (named "soft short") in all-solid-state Li batteries. In comparison to the “hard short” that the battery was permanently in short, the discussion on the "soft short" is scarce. Powerful operando characterization can provide chances to investigate the mechano-electrochemical behavior and the "soft short" fundamentally.Herein, for the first time, we successfully visualize the Li deformation and the "soft short" in all-solid-state Li metal batteries using operando neutron imaging. Our work can give direct evidence for researchers to a better understanding of the Li creeping and the "soft short" through neutron imagings and inspire more strategies in stabilizing Li metal anode to achieve high-performance all-solid-state Li metal batteries.

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29

Yang, Xiaofei, Xia Li, Keegan Adair, Huamin Zhang und Xueliang Sun. „Structural Design of Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: From Fundamental Research to Practical Application“. Electrochemical Energy Reviews 1, Nr. 3 (23.06.2018): 239–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41918-018-0010-3.

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Abstract Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries have been considered as one of the most promising energy storage devices that have the potential to deliver energy densities that supersede that of state-of-the-art lithium ion batteries. Due to their high theoretical energy density and cost-effectiveness, Li–S batteries have received great attention and have made great progress in the last few years. However, the insurmountable gap between fundamental research and practical application is still a major stumbling block that has hindered the commercialization of Li–S batteries. This review provides insight from an engineering point of view to discuss the reasonable structural design and parameters for the application of Li–S batteries. Firstly, a systematic analysis of various parameters (sulfur loading, electrolyte/sulfur (E/S) ratio, discharge capacity, discharge voltage, Li excess percentage, sulfur content, etc.) that influence the gravimetric energy density, volumetric energy density and cost is investigated. Through comparing and analyzing the statistical information collected from recent Li–S publications to find the shortcomings of Li–S technology, we supply potential strategies aimed at addressing the major issues that are still needed to be overcome. Finally, potential future directions and prospects in the engineering of Li–S batteries are discussed. Graphical Abstract

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Kim, Hee-Je, TNV Krishna, Kamran Zeb, Vinodh Rajangam, Chandu V. V. Muralee Gopi, Sangaraju Sambasivam, Kummara Venkata Guru Raghavendra und Ihab M. Obaidat. „A Comprehensive Review of Li-Ion Battery Materials and Their Recycling Techniques“. Electronics 9, Nr. 7 (17.07.2020): 1161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9071161.

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In the context of constant growth in the utilization of the Li-ion batteries, there was a great surge in the quest for electrode materials and predominant usage that lead to the retiring of Li-ion batteries. This review focuses on the recent advances in the anode and cathode materials for the next-generation Li-ion batteries. To achieve higher power and energy demands of Li-ion batteries in future energy storage applications, the selection of the electrode materials plays a crucial role. The electrode materials, such as carbon-based, semiconductor/metal, metal oxides/nitrides/phosphides/sulfides, determine appreciable properties of Li-ion batteries such as greater specific surface area, a minimal distance of diffusion, and higher conductivity. Various classifications of the anode materials such as the intercalation/de- intercalation, alloy/de-alloy, and various conversion materials are illustrated lucidly. Further, the cathode materials, such as nickel-rich LiNixCoyMnzO2 (NCM), were discussed. NCM members such as NCM 333, NCM 523 that enabled to advance for NCM622 and NCM81are reported. The nanostructured materials bridged the gap in the realization of next-generation Li-ion batteries. Li-ion batteries’ electrode nanostructure synthesis, performance, and reaction mechanisms were considered with great concern. The serious effects of Li-ion batteries disposal need to be cut significantly to reduce the detrimental effect on the environment. Hence, the recycling of spent Li-ion batteries has gained much attention in recent years. Various recycling techniques and their effect on the electroactive materials are illustrated. The key areas covered in this review are anode and cathode materials and recent advances along with their recycling techniques. In light of crucial points covered in this review, it constitutes a suitable reference for engineers, researchers, and designers in energy storage applications.

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Wang, Chunsheng. „(Invited) Electrolyte Design for Li-Ion and Li Metal Batteries“. ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, Nr. 57 (22.12.2023): 2741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02572741mtgabs.

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The energy density, safety, and cycle life of batteries are critical for electric vehicles (EV), electric aviation, and renewable energy storage. However, current Li-ion batteries still cannot simultaneously meet all the requirements for these applications. We developed non-flammable fluorinated organic electrolytes, aqueous electrolytes, and solid-state electrolytes to form nano-scaled solid electrolyte interphase, which enhanced the energy density, safety, and cycle life of Li batteries. The electrolyte design principle for high-capacity anodes and high-voltage cathodes will be discussed.

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32

Bae, Jin-Yong. „Electrical Modeling and Impedance Spectra of Lithium-Ion Batteries and Supercapacitors“. Batteries 9, Nr. 3 (08.03.2023): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries9030160.

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In this study, electrical models for cylindrical/pouch-type lithium Li-ion batteries and supercapacitors were investigated, and the impedance spectra characteristics were studied. Cylindrical Li-ion batteries use Ni, Co, and Al as the main materials, while pouch-type Li-ion batteries use Ni, Co, and Mn as the main materials. Herein, 2600–3600 mAh 18650-type cylindrical Li-ion batteries, 5000 mAh 21700-type cylindrical Li-ion batteries, 37–50.5 Ah pouch-type Li-ion batteries, and a 2.7 V, 600 F supercapacitor are compared and analyzed. For a cylindrical Li-ion battery, the RS value of a battery with a protection device (circular thermal disc cap) is in the range of 14–38 mΩ. For the 18650-type cylindrical Li-ion battery with a protection device, the RS value of the battery is between 48 and 105 mΩ, and the protection device increases the RS value by at least 33 mΩ. A good Li-ion battery exhibits RS. Moreover, it has small overall RP and CP values. For the 21700-type cylindrical Li-ion battery with a protection device, the RS value of the battery is 25 mΩ. For the pouch-type Li-ion battery, the RS value of the battery is between 0.86 and 1.04 mΩ. For the supercapacitor, the RS value of the battery is between 0.4779 and 0.5737 mΩ. A cylindrical Li-ion battery exhibits a semicircular shape in the impedance spectrum, due to the oxidation and reduction reactions of Li ions, and the impedance increases with a slope of 45° in the complex plane, due to the ZW generated by Li ion diffusion. However, for a pouch-type Li-ion battery, the impedance spectrum exhibits a part of the semicircular shape, due to the oxidation and reduction reactions of Li ions, and the ZW generated by Li ion diffusion does not appear. In a supercapacitor, the oxidation and reduction reactions of ions do not appear at all, and the ZW generated by Li ion diffusion does not occur.

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33

Chang, Zheng, Xujiong Wang, Yaqiong Yang, Jie Gao, Minxia Li, Lili Liu und Yuping Wu. „Rechargeable Li//Br battery: a promising platform for post lithium ion batteries“. J. Mater. Chem. A 2, Nr. 45 (2014): 19444–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ta04419c.

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34

Wolff, Deidre, Lluc Canals Casals, Gabriela Benveniste, Cristina Corchero und Lluís Trilla. „The Effects of Lithium Sulfur Battery Ageing on Second-Life Possibilities and Environmental Life Cycle Assessment Studies“. Energies 12, Nr. 12 (25.06.2019): 2440. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12122440.

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The development of Li-ion batteries has enabled the re-entry of electric vehicles into the market. As car manufacturers strive to reach higher practical specific energies (550 Wh/kg) than what is achievable for Li-ion batteries, new alternatives for battery chemistry are being considered. Li-Sulfur batteries are of interest due to their ability to achieve the desired practical specific energy. The research presented in this paper focuses on the development of the Li-Sulfur technology for use in electric vehicles. The paper presents the methodology and results for endurance tests conducted on in-house manufactured Li-S cells under various accelerated ageing conditions. The Li-S cells were found to reach 80% state of health after 300–500 cycles. The results of these tests were used as the basis for discussing the second life options for Li-S batteries, as well as environmental Life Cycle Assessment results of a 50 kWh Li-S battery.

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Sharma, Subash, Tetsuya Osugi, Sahar Elnobi, Shinsuke Ozeki, Balaram Paudel Jaisi, Golap Kalita, Claudio Capiglia und Masaki Tanemura. „Synthesis and Characterization of Li-C Nanocomposite for Easy and Safe Handling“. Nanomaterials 10, Nr. 8 (29.07.2020): 1483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10081483.

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Metallic lithium (Li) anode batteries have attracted considerable attention due to their high energy density value. However, metallic Li is highly reactive and flammable, which makes Li anode batteries difficult to develop. In this work, for the first time, we report the synthesis of metallic Li-embedded carbon nanocomposites for easy and safe handling by a scalable ion beam-based method. We found that vertically standing conical Li-C nanocomposite (Li-C NC), sometimes with a nanofiber on top, can be grown on a graphite foil commonly used for the anodes of lithium-ion batteries. Metallic Li embedded inside the carbon matrix was found to be highly stable under ambient conditions, making transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterization possible without any sophisticated inert gas-based sample fabrication apparatus. The developed ion beam-based fabrication technique was also extendable to the synthesis of stable Li-C NC films under ambient conditions. In fact, no significant loss of crystallinity or change in morphology of the Li-C film was observed when subjected to heating at 300 °C for 10 min. Thus, these ion-induced Li-C nanocomposites are concluded to be interesting as electrode materials for future Li-air batteries.

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36

Lobachev, Emil, und Petru Andrei. „The Impact of Multi-Layered Porosity Distribution on the Performance of Lithium-Oxygen Batteries with Organic Electrolyte“. ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, Nr. 4 (09.10.2022): 424. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-024424mtgabs.

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Li-oxygen batteries have attracted much attention in the last few years because of their relatively high theoretical energy densities compared to other batteries and because of the recent advancements in material technologies. The high theoretical energy density of Li-oxygen batteries makes these batteries suitable for applications requiring light power sources such as portable electronic devices, unmanned aerial vehicles, and renewable energy storage. In this presentation, we investigate the impact of the porosity distribution on the performance of Li-air batteries with cathodes made of carbon nanotube foams. After presenting the transport model appropriate for such cathodes, we develop a mathematical optimization method to find the optimum 1-D porosity distribution inside the Li-air battery that maximizes the energy density of these batteries. Our preliminary results show that to maximize the energy density of Li-air batteries, it is better to use cathodes with spatially variable porosity, in which the porosity at the oxygen entrance is higher than near the separator. More details about the mathematical approach and preliminary experimental data will be presented at the conference.

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Liu, Jinyun, Jiawei Long, Sen Du, Bai Sun, Shuguang Zhu und Jinjin Li. „Three-Dimensionally Porous Li-Ion and Li-S Battery Cathodes: A Mini Review for Preparation Methods and Energy-Storage Performance“. Nanomaterials 9, Nr. 3 (15.03.2019): 441. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9030441.

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Among many types of batteries, Li-ion and Li-S batteries have been of great interest because of their high energy density, low self-discharge, and non-memory effect, among other aspects. Emerging applications require batteries with higher performance factors, such as capacity and cycling life, which have motivated many research efforts on constructing high-performance anode and cathode materials. Herein, recent research about cathode materials are particularly focused on. Low electron and ion conductivities and poor electrode stability remain great challenges. Three-dimensional (3D) porous nanostructures commonly exhibit unique properties, such as good Li+ ion diffusion, short electron transfer pathway, robust mechanical strength, and sufficient space for volume change accommodation during charge/discharge, which make them promising for high-performance cathodes in batteries. A comprehensive summary about some cutting-edge investigations of Li-ion and Li-S battery cathodes is presented. As demonstrative examples, LiCoO2, LiMn2O4, LiFePO4, V2O5, and LiNi1−x−yCoxMnyO2 in pristine and modified forms with a 3D porous structure for Li-ion batteries are introduced, with a particular focus on their preparation methods. Additionally, S loaded on 3D scaffolds for Li-S batteries is discussed. In addition, the main challenges and potential directions for next generation cathodes have been indicated, which would be beneficial to researchers and engineers developing high-performance electrodes for advanced secondary batteries.

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Wang, Chunsheng. „(Battery Division Research Award Address) Electrolytes for High Energy Li-ion and Li Metal Batteries“. ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2021-02, Nr. 3 (19.10.2021): 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2021-023286mtgabs.

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39

Gao, Yuan, Qianyi Guo, Qiang Zhang, Yi Cui und Zijian Zheng. „Li–S Batteries: Fibrous Materials for Flexible Li–S Battery (Adv. Energy Mater. 15/2021)“. Advanced Energy Materials 11, Nr. 15 (April 2021): 2170058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202170058.

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40

Ye, Ruijie, Chih-Long Tsai, Martin Ihrig, Serkan Sevinc, Melanie Rosen, Enkhtsetseg Dashjav, Yoo Jung Sohn, Egbert Figgemeier und Martin Finsterbusch. „Water-based fabrication of garnet-based solid electrolyte separators for solid-state lithium batteries“. Green Chemistry 22, Nr. 15 (2020): 4952–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0gc01009j.

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Garnet-type Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ (LLZ) is regarded as a promising oxide-based solid electrolyte (SE) for solid-state lithium batteries (SSLBs) or other advanced Li-battery concepts like Li–air or Li–S batteries.

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41

Lu, Yingying. „Li–O2 batteries“. Green Energy & Environment 1, Nr. 1 (April 2016): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gee.2016.04.007.

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42

Li, Yajie, Yongjian Zheng, Kai Guo, Jingtai Zhao und Chilin Li. „Mg-Li Hybrid Batteries: The Combination of Fast Kinetics and Reduced Overpotential“. Energy Material Advances 2022 (04.01.2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2022/9840837.

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It is imperative for the development of cost-effective and high-performance batteries. Currently, lithium-ion batteries still occupy most of the market. However, limited lithium (Li) resource and energy density retard their further development. The magnesium (Mg) metal has several significant advantages; those make it a viable alternative to Li as anode, including high volume specific capacity and dendrite-free plating during cycling and high abundance. The Mg-Li hybrid batteries can combine the advantages of Li ion and Mg metal to achieve fast electrode kinetics and smooth anode deposition morphology. This review summarizes recent progresses in cathode material design and anode interface modification for Mg-Li hybrid batteries. We aim to illustrate the contribution of Li+ to the electrochemical performance improvement at both cathode and anode sides and to provide inspiration for the future research in this field.

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43

Sultana, Fozia, Khaled Althubeiti, Khamael M. Abualnaja, Jiahui Wang, Abid Zaman, Asad Ali, Safeer Ahmad Arbab, Sarir Uddin und Qing Yang. „An innovative approach towards the simultaneous enhancement of the oxygen reduction and evolution reactions using a redox mediator in polymer based Li–O₂ batteries“. Dalton Transactions 50, Nr. 44 (2021): 16386–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1dt03033g.

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44

Marinaro, Mario, Santhana K. Eswara Moorthy, Jörg Bernhard, Ludwig Jörissen, Margret Wohlfahrt-Mehrens und Ute Kaiser. „Electrochemical and electron microscopic characterization of Super-P based cathodes for Li–O2 batteries“. Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 4 (18.10.2013): 665–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.4.74.

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Aprotic rechargeable Li–O2 batteries are currently receiving considerable interest because they can possibly offer significantly higher energy densities than conventional Li-ion batteries. The electrochemical behavior of Li–O2 batteries containing bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium salt (LiTFSI)/tetraglyme electrolyte were investigated by galvanostatic cycling and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. Ex-situ X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to evaluate the formation/dissolution of Li2O2 particles at the cathode side during the operation of Li–O2 cells.

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45

Zhao, Yang. „Interface Engineering and Understanding for the Next-Generation Batteries“. ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, Nr. 1 (07.07.2022): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01175mtgabs.

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Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have become the most widely used energy storage systems for portable electronic devices and electric vehicles. With the increasing requirements of high energy density, next-generation batteries, including Li-metal batteries, Na-metal batteries and solid-state batteries, have received huge attention in recent years. For most batteries, the interfacial issues between the electrolyte (both liquid and solid) and electrodes are critical factors affecting the performance of the batteries. Atomic and molecular layer deposition (ALD and MLD) are considered as ideal strategies for overcoming the interfacial issues for the batteries. In this talk, I will introduce our research about interface engineering and understanding for next-generation batteries. i) The interface is one of the key factors for the Li and Na deposition behaviors and battery performances. We developed ALD and MLD approaches to fabricate the artificial interface with significantly improved electrochemical performances and reduced dendrite formation for Li/Na metal anodes. ii) We further design different ALD/MLD thin films to stabilize the interfaces for solid-state Li batteries. iii) We have also developed ex-situ and in-situ synchrotron X-ray techniques for next-generation batteries.

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46

Cheng, Hao, Shiyun Zhang, Jian Mei, Lvchao Qiu, Peng Zhang, Xiongwen Xu, Jian Tu, Jian Xie und Xinbing Zhao. „Lithiated carbon cloth as a dendrite-free anode for high-performance lithium batteries“. Sustainable Energy & Fuels 4, Nr. 11 (2020): 5773–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0se01096k.

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47

Varan, Narcis, Petru Merghes, Nicoleta Plesu, Lavinia Macarie, Gheorghe Ilia und Vasile Simulescu. „Phosphorus-Containing Polymer Electrolytes for Li Batteries“. Batteries 10, Nr. 2 (04.02.2024): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries10020056.

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Lithium-ion polymer batteries, also known as lithium-polymer, abbreviated Li-po, are one of the main research topics nowadays in the field of energy storage. This review focuses on the use of the phosphorus containing compounds in Li-po batteries, such as polyphosphonates and polyphosphazenes. Li-po batteries are mini-devices, capable of providing power for any portable gadget. From a constructive point of view, Li-po batteries contain an anode (carbon), a cathode (metal oxide), and a polymer electrolyte, which could be liquid electrolytes or solid electrolytes. In general, a divider is used to keep the anode and cathode from touching each other directly. Since liquid electrolytes have a generally high ionic conductivity, they are frequently employed in Li-ion batteries. In the last decade, the research in this field has also focused on solving safety issues, such as the leakage of electrolytes and risk of ignition due to volatile and flammable organic solvents. The research topics in the field of Li-po remain focused on solving safety problems and improving performance.

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48

Chen, Zheng. „(Invited) Electrolyte Design for Wide-Temperature Li-Ion and Li-Metal Batteries“. ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, Nr. 5 (09.10.2022): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-025581mtgabs.

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Improving the wide temperature operation of rechargeable batteries is vital to the operation of electronics in extreme environments, where systems capable of higher energy, high-rate discharge and long cycling are in short supply. In this talk, we will show electrolyte designs to achieve high-energy density and stable cycling performance in wide temperature range for both lithium-ion and lithium metal batteries. We will show how to circumvent the sluggish ion desolvation process found in typical lithium-ion batteries during discharge. These batteries are enabled by a novel ester electrolyte, which simultaneously provided high electrochemical stability and ionic conductivity at low temperature. Then we will extend the fundamental understanding developed from these system to other high-capacity, high-rate electrodes, leading to further improved energy density and stability for both high and extremely low temperatures, demonstrated by rechargeable Li metal batteries using both high-Ni oxide and sulfur cathodes.

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Ribeiro, A. L. Z., und T. M. Souza. „DETERMINATION LI-ION BATTERIES STATE OF CHARGE, AN ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT METHODS“. Revista Sodebras 18, Nr. 211 (Juli 2023): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.29367/issn.1809-3957.18.2023.211.88.

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50

Kushwaha, Lt Col Pankaj. „Review: Li-ion Batteries: Basics, Advancement, Challenges & Applications in Military“. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, Nr. 8 (31.08.2021): 3009–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37905.

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Abstract: Li-ion battery technology has become very important in recent years as these batteries show great promise as power source. They power most of today’s portable devices and seem to overcome the psychological barriers against the use of such high energy density devices on a larger scale. Lithium-ion batteries are being widely used in military applications for over a decade. These man portable applications include tactical radios, thermal imagers, ECM, ESM, and portable computing. In the next five years, due to the rapid inventions going on in li-ion batteries, the usage of lithium batteries will further expand to heavy-duty platforms, such as military vehicles, boats, shelter applications, aircraft and missiles. The aim of this paper is to review key aspects of Li-ion batteries, the basic science behind their operation, the most relevant components, anodes, cathodes, electrolyte solution as well as important future directions for R&D of advanced Li-ion batteries for demanding use in Indian Armed Forces which are deployed in very harsh conditions across the country. Keywords: Li-ion Battery, NiCd battery

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