Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Banca popolare di Sondrio“

L'immagine di una giustizia immobile e inerte č semplicemente falsa. Č un'immagine che si vuole perpetuare per motivi ideologici, perché ciň in qualche modo legittima i continui e altrettanto falsi propositi di riforme epocali di questo settore. La vivacitŕ dei processi in atto č dimostrata dai numeri: oltre 2.500.000 di cause civili e quasi 3.000.000 di procedimenti penali definiti ogni anno, 550censite dal Csm e immesse nella banca dati recentemente istituita, un piano nazionale difinanziato dal Fondo sociale europeo cui oggi partecipano circa cento uffici, mentre altrettanti hanno fatto domanda. La realtŕ č che se vogliamo davvero giungere ad avere la ricetta per una giustizia che funzioni bisogna anzitutto conoscere la realtŕ multiforme degli uffici giudiziari, partire dai dati ed evitare di ricostruire il quadro generale partendo da singoli casi enfatizzati, metodo deleterio e venefico C'č, nel Paese, una diffusa indifferenza rispetto al tema della coesione territoriale e popolare e dei processi di disgregazione messi in atto dalla Lega Nord con una iniziativa politica che o prescinde o č contro la Costituzione e che non esita ad assumere responsabilitŕ nazionali per ottenere risultati funzionali alla rivendicazione etnica. E perň questa indifferenza non potrŕ durare a lungo: quando ci si porrŕ l'esigenza del contrasto all'ormai ventennale declino del Paese il confronto con i princěpi fondamentali della Costituzione non potrŕ essere eluso.

PURPOSE: The paper aims to identify the characteristics of the entities involved, the motivations and the processes of forming strategic alliances between a small cooperative bank and a fintech start-up. The paper bridges the research gap in the literature and explains the success factors of strategic alliance between considered entities. METHODOLOGY: We applied a typical qualitative research approach that consists of two steps. The first step was to develop an analytical framework to understand the critical success factors for the strategic alliance formation between banks and fintech start-ups. In the second step, we applied the analytical framework for a case study analysis, considering the strategic alliance between the Banca Popolare di Cortona and the NetFintech start-up. FINDINGS: Our research shows that there are different motives for strategic alliance formation for banks and fintech start-ups. From a theoretical point of view, banks’ motivations are based on outsourcing, innovation, the evolution of the business model, competitive advantage, saving costs, improving service quality, and learning. The main motives for fintechs include access to customers, loans, banking license, economies of scale, trust, and credibility. In the empirical part, we found that the crucial success factors are strategic alignment and hybridization, competence and experience, cultural value and territorial closeness, and professionalism. IMPLICATIONS: The results develop the knowledge about the best conditions for cooperative banks and fintech start-ups strategic alliances. The main limitation is that the paper is based only on one case study and it is related to cooperative banks and does not embrace other groups of banks. For this reason, it can be a basis for further research in this area. The described case study can be a good example to compare other cases of such alliances. Cooperative banks and fintech start-ups involved in a strategic alliance should share the commitment at the governance level. Critical are also the procedures of the alliance formation. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: This article provides two main contributions to the literature on the technology-driven transformations of the banking sector. First, we elaborated a theoretical framework of the critical success factors for the bank and fintech start-up strategic alliance formation. Second, we applied the framework with the bank–fintech start-up cooperation in the local market in Italy. Contrary to previous research, which focuses mainly on commercial banks, this article presents the relationship between cooperative banks and fintech start-ups.

Success in xenotransplantation relies on engineering of the pig genome to express human transgenes, such as CD55/CD39, that can control coagulation and inflammation to prolong the graft survival of a 1,3-galactosyltransferase depleted (Gal-/-) pig organs in nonhuman primates and then able to bypass the hyperacute rejection. The aim of our work was to produce Gal-/- piglets overexpressing CD55/CD39. In experiment (Exp.) 1 exploiting 2 ubiquitous expression vectors (pCAGGS-CD55 and pCAGGS-CD39), we transfected immortalized porcine kidney cells (PK15) with CD55 and CD39 using Nucleofector (Amaxa Biosystems, Cologne, Germany) and selected 5 cell colonies each (PK15-CD55 and PK15-CD39) that were expanded and analyzed by RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot (WB). The monoclonal antibodies IA10 for hCD55 and BU61 for hCD39 were used. Transgenic transcription was confirmed by Northern blot (NB) using digoxigenin-labeled probes. In Exp. 2, a neonatal pig Gal-/- fibroblast line was co-transfected by Nucleofector using 2 ubiquitous expression vectors (hEF-CD55 and pCAGGS-CD39) for the expression of CD55 and CD39. Colonies were analyzed by RT-PCR and IHC only, because of the limited number of cells available. Cells from one colony with a high level of CD55/CD39 expression according to IHC were used for nuclear transfer into enucleated oocytes. Day 5 compact morula/blastocyst (n = 144) were transplanted in 2 synchronized sows. Porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAEC) and fibroblasts derived from 2 stillborn piglets were analysed with IHC, NB, and WB. The expression level of transgenes from both experiments was compared with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), using IA10, BRIC110, IH4, 2G2, and MEM-118 antibodies for hCD55 and TU66 for hCD39. In Exp. 1, RT-PCR showed CD55 mRNA expression in 3 out of 5 (2, 15, 24) PK15-CD55 colonies. A high level of CD55 expression was confirmed only in colony 24 by IHC, NB, WB, and FACS. Low expression level in colony 2 revealed by FACS was not detected by IHC, indicating that FACS analysis is more accurate to quantify the level of expression. All PK15-CD39 colonies were positive according to RT-PCR and IHC. Only one colony PK15-CD39 was further analyzed by NB and WB and confirmed positive. In Exp. 2, IHC, NB, WB, and FACS analyses of fibroblasts and PAEC derived from both cloned piglets confirmed the high level of CD39 expression detected by IHC in donor cells used for nuclear transfer. However, strong CD55 expression detected by IHC was not confirmed by NB analyses and, by FACS, was lower than in HUVEC cells. In conclusion, we produced cloned CD55-CD39 transgenic Gal-/- piglets with a high level of CD39 expression but the expression level of CD55 was lower than in HUVEC cells. We found that although IHC is the method of choice in preliminary screening, it is not sufficiently quantitative when only a few cells for each clone are available. Thus, IHC needs to be complemented with additional methods (e.g. WB, FACS, real-time RT-PCR) to obtain complete evaluation of the expression pattern of transgenes before nuclear transfer experiments. This study was supported by EU grant no. LSHB-CT-2006-037377 and Fondazione Banca Popolare di Cremona.