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Goïta, Yaya, Boubacar Sidiki Ibrahim Dramé, Doumbia Nanko Abdoulaye Dabo, Klétigui Casimir Dembélé, Aboubacar Tiétié Bissan, Adama Koné, Djibril Mamadou Coulibaly, Seydou Sassou Coulibaly und Yacouba Dial. „Risk Factors, Bleeding Disorder and COVID-19 in Bamako, Mali“. Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy 11, Nr. 5 (10.05.2022): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sajp.2022.v11i05.001.
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Introduction: Patients with COVID_19 infection have been shown to have an increased thrombotic risk, due to activation of coagulation secondary to sepsis. Objective: To study biological markers correlated with blood clotting disorders in hospitalized patients with COVID_19. Method: This was a retrospective descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted at the Mali Hospital between September 2020 and January 2021. The markers being biologically monitored were: PT, ACT, INR, D-dimer and Troponin-I. Result: A total of 134 patients were enrolled in our study. Male was in the majority than female with 62.68% male and 37.31% female. The age group from 20 to 50 years was the most represented, at 58.21%. Biological markers showed plasma D-dimer concentration > 0.5 μL, PT ˂ 70, INR > 3; an ACT > 40 seconds and a Troponin > 0.1 μL for 76.11%, 10.44%, 15.67%, 16.41% and 1.49% of the study population respectively. The rate of cured patients was 94.02% and that of deceased patients was 5.97%, with all deceased patients having a high D-dimer level. Conclusion: Blood clotting disorders and elevated D-Dimer are important biomarkers predicting complications of COVID_19 infection.
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S, Doumbia,, Dembele, S, Sylla C, Dao, S. Z, Samake, A, Hamidou, A und Sissoko, A. „Sexual and Gender-Based Violence at the << One Stop Center Care Unit >> The Referral Health Centre In Commune V of the District of Bamako, Mali“. Scholars Journal of Medical Case Reports 11, Nr. 03 (04.03.2023): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjmcr.2023.v11i03.004.
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Summary: Introduction: Sexual violence is an all-encompassing term that refers to "any sexual act, attempt to obtain a sexual act, comment or advance of a sexual nature directed against a person's sexuality using coercion" according to the WHO. Objective: Study sexual violence based on gender at the level of the care unit << One Stop Center >> the Reference Health Center of Commune V of the District of Bamako. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional retrospective study from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020. We included in this study, all survivors of sexual violence at least 10 years old admitted to the "One Stop Center" care unit of the Reference Health Center of Commune V of the District of Bamako. Results: The prevalence of sexual violence was 54.62% in relation to all cases of gender-based violence and 3.36% in relation to all gynaecological emergencies. The age group less than or equal to 19 years accounted for 54.18% of survivors, 69.68% of survivors were single. In 39.95% of the cases the incident took place in the home of the alleged perpetrator of the sexual assault. The survivors had presented a state of fear and panic in 23.92% of cases. Penetration was << penis-vagina >> in 37.1% of survivors. Survivors received psychiatric assistance in 12.87% of cases. Conclusion: Sexual violence is relatively common in our care unit << One Stop Center >>. They had constituted the majority of cases of gender-based violence. The care was holistic.
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Kassogué, Adounigna, Moussa Diallo, Ibrahima Mallé, Pauline Wendlassida Ouédraogo, Kangaye Amadou Diallo, Balla Diakité, Bakaye Doumbia und Amadou Hamadoun Babana. „Selected Actinomycetes as Potential Biostimulant of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L) in Mali“. Microbiology Research Journal International 34, Nr. 11 (28.10.2024): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/mrji/2024/v34i111497.
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Aims: This study aims to formulate at least one efficient biostimulant based on actinomycetes that promotes good eggplant growth in Mali. Study Design: The experimental design was a completely randomized block design with three replications and four treatments randomly distributed. The treatments were three Actinomycete strains (Act, S1 and St1) and a non inoculated control and the mode of application (inoculation or spraying) of these treatments were considered as blocking factor. Place and Duration of Study: The trials were conducted in Bamako, in the Greenhouse of the LaboREM-Biotech situated on the colline of Badalabougou. Methodology: Eggplant seeds inoculated or not with Actinomyces sp. Ts1, Actinomyces sp. S1 and Actinomyces sp. Act; were randomly sown in plastic pots filled with approximately 2.50 kg of air-dried soil. The first block sown with coated seeds and the second with non-inoculated seeds and seedlings from them pulverized. Leaf length, leaf area, leaf diameter, leaf area, leaf fresh weight, leaf dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight, plant height and root length were determined. Results: Eggplant seed inoculated with all the tested Actinomycetes strains had significantly enhanced leaf length, leaf diameter, leaf area, leaves fresh weight. The highest results were obtained with the strain Act, followed by strain St1. Sprayed treatment improved eggplant leaf length, leaf diameter, leaf area, leaves fresh weight, leaves dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight; compared to the coated treatment Conclusion: Field application of actinomyctes may reduce production cost, by increasing eggplant growth and fruit yield while reducing production cost. The present work showed that Act and Ts1 using spray method were best suited for eggplant. Actinomyces sp. Act produced the highest leaf length, leaf diameter, leaf area, leaves fresh weight. Therefore, Actinomyces sp. Act is suggested as bioinoculant for eggplant.
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I, Coulibaly, Dembélé K. S, Fane B, Diarra M, Diarra M, Coulibaly M, Camara S et al. „Seroprevalence of Viral Markers and Syphilis among Blood Donors at Gabriel Touré Chu“. EAS Journal of Biotechnology and Genetics 6, Nr. 02 (09.03.2024): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/easjbg.2024.v06i02.001.
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Blood transfusion is a therapeutic act which consists of administering blood or one of its components (red blood cells, platelets and plasma), from one or more healthy subjects to a sick subject. Blood donation is a life-saving gesture that is highly encouraged but a source of pathologies which constitutes a real public health problem. Objective: To study the seroprevalence of viral markers among blood donors at the Gabriel Touré University Hospital in Mali. Method: Cross-sectional study from January 2020 to December 2021. This study was carried out at the CHU Gabriel Touré transfusion service in Mali on the results of blood donors. The donors were selected according to the criteria established by the National Blood Transfusion Center in Mali. Results: the prevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and Syphilis were respectively 0.27%, 10.67%, 2.28% and 0.76% among all donors. The male gender dominated with a positive prevalence of 10.98% for HBV. The prevalence of HIV and Hepatitis B co-infection was the most represented with 0.27% collected. Conclusion: the prevalence of infectious agents among blood donors remains high in Bamako, Mali. This study suggests greater attention to raising awareness about testing for viral agents like HIV and hepatitis B.
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Elansari, Mohamed, Mariam Sangare, Moussa Keita, Lassine Dienta, Lassana Keita, Kadidiatou Traore, Mamadou Ouattara et al. „Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma: A Case Report from Mali“. International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 10, Nr. 1 (11.04.2024): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ijo.20241001.14.
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Inverted papilloma (IP) or also called Schneiderian Papilloma is an unusual and rare type of nasal tumor. Generally benign, but can have osteolytic powers and the possibility of transformation into malignancy during its evolution. Several hypotheses emerge in the literature, however the most frequent remains viral origin with the involvement of human papillomavirus (HPV). This is a case of bilateral inverted papilloma in a 60-year-old male patient at the Reference Health Center of the VI commune of the Bamako-Mali district. The symptoms appeared about 14 months ago, marked by a bilateral anterior rhinorrhea, of gradual appearance, associated with nasal obstruction, epistaxis, headaches and anosmia. Thus the diagnosis was made using physical examination and additional examinations such as the scanner of the facial massif, the anatomopathological examination of the operating room, and the test of the human papillomavirus, which turned out to be positive for HPV16 and HPV18. The management consisted of endonasal surgery, with the complete macroscopic removal of the mass and an average meatotomy accompanied by two years of follow-up after the surgical procedure. Since the PI is an aggressive tumor, its management must require long-term surveillance due to the possibility of recidivism and malignant degeneration finally to act early for these eventualities.
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Yacouba, Sylla, Soumaré Modibo, Camara Daouda, Coulibaly Ouazoun, Keita Mahamadou, Diarra Issaka, Diarra Salif et al. „Sexual Assault of the Female Gender Admitted to the "One Stop Centre" Unit in Commune I of the District of Bamako: Epidemiological, Clinical and Legal Management Aspects“. Greenfort International Journal of Applied Medical Science 2, Nr. 3 (25.06.2024): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.62046/gijams.2024.v02i03.003.
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Sexual violence is an all-encompassing expression that designates "any sexual act, attempt to obtain a sexual act, comment or advance of a sexual nature directed against a person's sexuality using coercion. The general objective was to study sexual assaults based on the female gender in the "One Stop Center" unit of the reference health center in commune I of the district of Bamako, Republic of Mali. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of sexual assaults on women admitted to the commune I One Stop Center. All survivors of sexual assault admitted to the One Stop Center during the study period were included; confidentiality and anonymity were respected. Results: We recorded 224 cases of victims of gender-based violence out of 10,924 gynaecological consultations received at the department, a frequency of 2.05%. Of the 224 victims of gender-based violence admitted to the One Stop Centre, 109 (48.66%) were victims of sexual assault. The average age of the patients was 14.12 ± 5.06 years, with extremes of 2 and 36 years. The victims were all female. The majority of survivors (94%) were single. More than half of the victims (55%) were pupils. More than half of the assaults (57.8%) took place between 7pm and midnight. 60.6% of the assaults took place at the survivors' homes. In 8% of cases, weapons were threatened. We found that hymenal lesions were predominant in 76.2% of cases. HIV serology was positive in 1% of victims. Antibiotic prophylaxis was the predominant medical treatment in 69.7% of cases. Suture of the vulvo-perineal tear was the surgical treatment in 2.8% of cases. Out-of-court settlements were the solution in the majority of cases (20.18% of cases), followed by withdrawal of the complaint to the court (6.4% of victims). Conclusion: This study has shown that sexual violence against women is increasing in scale and severity despite the regulatory and legislative framework
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Voievodin, I. „Organizational and legal framework for the protection of environmental human rights within the African Union“. Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 2, Nr. 72 (27.11.2022): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2022.72.68.
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The article analyzes the activities of the African Union (1963-2002 - Organization of African Unity) in the field of protection of environmental human rights – an intergovernmental organization created in 2002 to promote the unity and solidarity among African states, stimulate economic development and promote international cooperation, protect human rights, in particular in the environmental sphere. In particular, the category of environmental human rights includes the right to a healthy, safe and adequate environment, the highest attainable level of physical and mental health, an adequate standard of living, nutrition, the right to clean and safe drinking water, the right to receive information about the state of the environment etc. It was determined that due to the specificity of the African region, the complexity of its socio-economic processes and the existence of humanitarian crises, the protection of environmental human rights is not given sufficient attention, as a result of which the existing organizational and legal mechanism for the protection of such rights is imperfect.
A number of international legal acts adopted under the auspices of the Organization of African Unity and the African Union regarding the promotion, guaranteeing and protection of such rights were analyzed, in particular: the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights of 1981, the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child of 1990, the Bamako Convention on the Ban of the Import into Africa and the Control of Transboundary Movement and Management of Hazardous Wastes within Africa of 1991, Constitutive Act of the African Union of 2000, Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa (Maputo Protocol) of 2003, African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources of 2003, Agenda 2063: The Africa we want, etc. It was determined that the basis of the institutional system for the protection of environmental human rights is the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, the Special Procedures established by the Commission, and the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights. The practice of protecting environmental human rights in the African region was characterized. In accordance with the stated problems, appropriate conclusions and recommendations were made.
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Deng, Liping, Xiaoyi Chen, Fuming Chen, Xing’e Liu und Zehui Jiang. „Effect of Environmental Humidity on the Acoustic Vibration Characteristics of Bamboo“. Forests 13, Nr. 2 (17.02.2022): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13020329.
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Bamboo musical instruments, such as bamboo flute and Ching-hu (Beijing opera fiddle), can generate a crisp and melodious sound closely related to the delicate multiscale pore structure of bamboo. Bamboo is a natural hydrophilic material, and its acoustic vibration characteristics are highly sensitive to changeable environmental humidity levels. Herein, we investigated the acoustic vibration characteristics of bamboo under three conditions: constant relative humidity (status I), changeable relative humidity (status II), and subjected to water extraction (status III). Three typical parameters were selected as evaluation indicators of bamboo acoustic vibration characteristics, namely, specific dynamic elastic modulus (E′/ρ), loss tangent (tanδ), and acoustical converting efficiency (ACE). The outer bamboos (OB) had higher E′/ρ and ACE but lower equilibrium moisture content (EMC) and tanδ than the inner bamboos (IB). Under status I, bamboo showed the maximum E′/ρ and ACE and the minimum tanδ at 35% RH (relative humidity) and about 6% MC. Compared with the bamboo under status II, the bamboo under status I retained higher E′/ρ and ACE and lower tanδ. However, the bamboo under status (III) reached the maximum E′/ρ and ACE and the minimum tanδ. The bamboo musical instrument is made of bamboo with proper removal of water-soluble extractives and high fiber volume fraction and stored in a stable relative humidity environment of 35%, which has suitable acoustic vibration characteristics.
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Han, Guang Ping, und Wan Li Cheng. „Effect of Coupling Treatment and Nanoclay on Thermal Stability of Bamboo Flour-Filled High Density Polyethylene Composites“. Advanced Materials Research 113-116 (Juni 2010): 2349–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.113-116.2349.
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Nanocomposites with high density polyethylene (HDPE)/nanoclay/bamboo flour were fabricated by melt compounding. Their thermal behaviors and degradation kinetics of the composites with different clay contents were characterized through dynamic and isothermal Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. It was found that the use of nanoclay improved the thermal stability of the composites. The nanolayers could act as a barrier for the degradation of HDPE/bamboo hybrids. The addition of compatibilizer also improved the thermal stability of HDPE/bamboo composites, but the effect was less significant than clay. It seems that there is no much difference in the thermal behaviors between HDPE/nanoclay/bamboo systems with and without the addition of compatibilizer. The activation energy values varied very little for different clay contents in the composites. Thermal decomposition process of HDPE/bamboo composites with various clay additions had similar TG curves.
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Saveetha, S., und K. A. Vijayalakshmi. „The morphological study of FePO4/plasma treated bamboo charcoal composite act as cathode material in energy storage devices“. Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures 16, Nr. 4 (Dezember 2021): 1359–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/djnb.2021.164.1359.
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The capacity of energy storage devices to be based on the cathode material with best morphology. The FePO4 nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrothermal method and Bamboo charcoal (BCC) was synthesized and activated by pyrolysis method. The cold Plasma was used to magnify the surface behaviour of activated Bamboo Charcoal. The hybrid composite of FePO4/Plasma exposed BCC and pure FePO4 nano materials morphological and structural properties were analysed through XRD, FTIR and SEM characterization studies. This research reveals that the Plasma exposed BCC nanoparticles were well incorporate with FePO4 nanoparticles and delivered embedded FePO4 nanoparticles. The result shows that the FePO4/plasma exposed BCC particle size was decreased when compare to pure FePO4, which in turn increase the energy storage capacity of the material.
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Hutubessy, Vector R. R., Musper D. Soumokil und Adam Matitaputty. „PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN DINDING GESER KOMPOSIT BILA BAMBU DAN MORTAR UNTUK RUMAH SEDERHANA PASCA COVID 19 DI NEGERI BOOI“. LOGISTA - Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat 5, Nr. 1 (30.06.2021): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/logista.5.1.199-204.2021.
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Rumah sederhana yang aman terhadap gempa adalah rumah yang dapat dibangun dengan bahan-bahan yang relative sangat ringan tetapi mempunyai kemampuan yang cukup sehingga efek gempa pada rumah dapat diminimalisir. Salah satu bahan bangunan yang cukup baik digunakan dan mudah diperoleh dihutan adalah bambu. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan edukasi kepada kelompok tukang dalam masyarakat cara membuat dinding geser untuk rumah sederhana dengan memanfaatkan bambu dari hasil hutan sebagai bahan alternatif konstruksi rumah sederhana dengan nilai ekonomis yang sangat tinggi. Hasil pengabdian masyarakat ini yaitu kelompok tukang lebih mengetahui dan memahami manfaat dari penggunaan material local bambu sebagai bahan alternative membuat dindig geser dan mempunyai nilai ekonimis yang besar.
Kata kunci: Bambu, Dinding Geser
ABSTRACT
A simple and saved house from earthquack is the house that can be built with relatively light materials yet still can minimize the effect of the earthquake. One of the good materials that commonly used and found is bamboo. This act of service is aim to educate the builder in making a shear wall for a simple house with a high economic value, using bamboo from their forest as an alternative contruction material. The result form this act of service is an educated builder who understand the use of local bamboo as their alternative material in making as shear wall that has a huge economic value.
Keywords: Bamboo, Shear Wall
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Mirdhayati, Irdha, und Wieda Nurwidada Haritsah Zain. „Chemical characteristic, lactic acid bacteria population, and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory activity of traditional fermented beef ”cangkuk” by spontaneous fermentation with the addition of bamboo shoot“. Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture 45, Nr. 3 (24.06.2020): 222–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.45.3.222-233.
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This research was conducted to examine the chemical properties, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) populationand angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of fermented beef meat with the addition of bamboo shoots. This research used factorial completely randomized design.Factor A was the preparation method of bamboo shoots: chopped, ground, and extracted. Factor B was the ratio of meat and bamboo shoots (B) which was1:0.75,1:1, 1:1,25ratios. The chemical properties observed were total protein, soluble protein, hydrolysisdegree, pHandtitratableacidity value. The results showed that bamboo shoot preparation methods by ground and extracted were able to reduce total protein, and pH value. The ratio of meat and bamboo shoot (1:0.75 and 1:1) wereable to decreasedtotal protein but increased total titratable acidity. The interaction of the factors A and factor B only occurredin increasing hydrolysisdegree. Both of two factors (A and B) couldnot significantly effect to the number of LAB.The ACE inhibitory activity ranged from 36.5 to 79.6%. It can be concluded that the preparation methods ofbamboo shoots by ground and 1: 0.75 and 1: 1ofbeef : bamboo shoot ratio couldincreasehydrolysis degree and had highest ACE inhibitory activity.
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Oktaf Rina, Anggi Saputra, Yatim R. Widodo, Syahdilla Anggiva Akhni Rarasati, Ajis Purnomo und Aang Haryadi. „CHARACTERISTIC PHYSICOCHEMICAL OF BAMBOO-BASED ACTIVATED CARBON FOR COAL RUN-OFF WATER TREATMENT USED AT PT.BUKIT ASAM SLUDGE SETTLEMENT POND“. International Journal of Social Science 3, Nr. 1 (01.06.2023): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.53625/ijss.v3i1.6380.
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The aim of this research were investigated bamboo-based activated charcoal (ABT)characteristics using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). ABT has been successfully synthesized through physico-chemical activation at 700°C with H3PO4 10% solution as activator. The resulted were porous surface structure of bamboo charcoal causes an absorption interaction of pollutants (cations, anions, and suspended solids/TSS) in wastewater. Bamboo charcoal has different physical characteristics from charcoal from other types of raw materials because the structure with lignin composition is different from charcoal from other wood. The spectral patterns of AB and ABT are similar but differ in intensity. The functional groups detected in the two materials are the same, but there are differences in the absorption intensity where the ABT is relatively lower, especially in the hydroxyl functional groups at around 3400 and 1600 cm-1. This decrease in intensity is due to the dehydration process that occurs during both physical and chemical activation processes so that the hydroxyl groups come out of the bamboo charcoal structure
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Javadian, Alireza, Ian F. C. Smith und Dirk E. Hebel. „Application of Sustainable Bamboo-Based Composite Reinforcement in Structural-Concrete Beams: Design and Evaluation“. Materials 13, Nr. 3 (04.02.2020): 696. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13030696.
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Reinforced concrete is the most widely used building material in history. However, alternative natural and synthetic materials are being investigated for reinforcing concrete structures, given the limited availability of steel in developing countries, the rising costs of steel as the main reinforcement material, the amount of energy required by the production of steel, and the sensitivity of steel to corrosion. This paper reports on a unique use of bamboo as a sustainable alternative to synthetic fibers for production of bamboo fiber-reinforced polymer composite as reinforcement for structural-concrete beams. The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of using this novel bamboo composite reinforcement system for reinforced structural-concrete beams. The bond strength with concrete matrix, as well as durability properties, including the water absorption and alkali resistance of the bamboo composite reinforcement, are also investigated in this study. The results of this study indicate that bamboo composite reinforced concrete beams show comparable ultimate loads with regards to fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforced concrete beams according to the ACI standard. Furthermore, the results demonstrate the potential of the newly developed bamboo composite material for use as a new type of element for non-deflection-critical applications of reinforced structural-concrete members. The design guidelines that are stated in ACI 440.1R-15 for fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcement bars are also compared with the experimental results that were obtained in this study. The American Concrete Institute (ACI) design guidelines are suitable for non-deflection-critical design and construction of bamboo-composite reinforced-concrete members. This study demonstrates that there is significant potential for practical implementation of the bamboo-composite reinforcement described in this paper. The results of this study can be utilized for construction of low-cost and low-rise housing units where the need for ductility is low and where secondary-element failure provides adequate warning of collapse.
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Soesanto, Edy, Edi Dharmana, Soeharyo Hadisaputro und Siti Fatimah Muis. „The Role of Bamboo Shoot Gigantochloa apus Extract in Decreasing MDA and Increasing IL-10 at The Atherosclerosis“. Health Notions 3, Nr. 1 (31.01.2019): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33846/hn.v3i1.272.
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Introduction: Bamboo shoot Gigantochloa apus extract has antioxidant compounds that act as lipid peroxidation inhibitors and reduce free radical formation so that it can be used as an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress in the atherosclerosis. Aim: Knowing the effect of bamboo shoot Gigantochloa apus extract in reducing MDA levels and IL-10 increasing levels in rabbits given atherogenic diet. Methods: This experiment used randomized pre-test and post-test with control group design, in 24 New Zealand White rabbits divided into 4 groups randomly. MDA and IL-10 levels were examined by the ELISA method. Results and conclusion: Bamboo shoot Gigantochloa apus extract can reduce MDA levels and increase IL-10 levels significantly in accordance with increasing doses. The increase of MDA levels in the control group with all treatment groups was different (p = 0.0001), and between the treatment groups and other treatment groups there were also differences (p
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Abel, Letícia Gabriele Crespilho, Fábio Silva do Rosário, Kleper de Oliveira Rocha, Elen Aparecida Martines Morales, Victor Almeida de Araujo, Juliana Cortez-Barbosa und Maristela Gava. „Activated bamboo charcoal and açaí waste to remove contaminants – a review“. Revista Agraria Academica 6, Nr. 2 (01.03.2023): 84–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.32406/v6n2/2023/84-100/agrariacad.
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Activated charcoal is a product based on bio-based materials and residues with specific porosity to act as a filtering compound, both to remove color and impurities of liquids. They are produced from physical and/or chemical process, after carbonization, through the activation of molecules. The present paper aims to identify the current perspectives and characteristics of activated charcoals and, sequentially, compare the potential of bamboo and açaí plants to treat contaminants in water. Thus, different positive characteristics were identified for both bio-based resources. Bamboo and açaí can be economically and technically viable materials to be converted into activated charcoal as a way to mitigate the environmental impacts on the water.
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Khair, Fazlin A., Azma Putra, Mohd Jailani Mohd Nor, Nurul Atiqah und M. Z. Selamat. „Preliminary Study on Bamboo as Sound Absorber“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 554 (Juni 2014): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.554.76.
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Synthetic acoustic materials are known for their poisonous chemical substance to the environment and also the particles which are harmful to human health. Research is now directed towards finding an alternative acoustic absorber made from natural materials. This paper presents the utilization of bamboo, a natural material having hollow structure to act as sound absorber. In an impedance tube test, the hollow path is arranged to face the sound incidence. The result reveals that bamboo having length of 2 cm has average absorption coefficient of 0.95 at frequency above 3 kHz. Performance at lower frequencies can be controlled by adding the air gap behind the system. Introduction of microholes along the body shows no significant effect to increase the sound absorption.
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Li, Yiqian, Yang Yang, Bo Kong, Xiaolong Song, Zhimin Gao und Xueping Li. „Identification and Characterization of circRNAs under Drought Stress in Moso Bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis)“. Forests 13, Nr. 3 (09.03.2022): 426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13030426.
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Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of endogenous noncoding RNAs formed by 3′-5′ ligation during splicing. They play an important role in the regulation of transcription and miRNA in eukaryotes. Drought is one of the detrimental abiotic stresses that limit plant growth and productivity. How circRNAs influence the response to drought stress in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) remains elusive. In this study, we investigate the expression pattern of circRNAs in moso bamboo at 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h after drought treatment by deep sequencing and bioinformatics analysis and identify 4931 circRNAs, 52 of which are differentially expressed (DEcircRNAs) in drought-treated and untreated moso bamboo. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses of the host genes that generate the DEcircRNAs indcate that these DEcircRNAs are predicted to be involved in biochemical processes in response to drought, such as ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, calcium-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation, amino acid biosynthesis and plant hormone signal transduction including abscisic acid. In addition, some circRNAs are shown to act as sponges for 291 miRNAs. Taken together, our results characterize the transcriptome profiles of circRNAs in drought responses and provide new insights into resistance breeding of moso bamboo.
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Matsui, Toshiyuki, Kyosuke Yokozeki und Hiroyuki Inoue. „A Wound-induced ACC Synthase Gene of Moso Bamboo Shoot“. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences 2, Nr. 2 (01.01.2003): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajps.2003.205.211.
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Matsui, Toshiyuki, Yousuke Hatase . und Kengo Ohobayashi . „A Wound-induced ACC Oxidase Gene of Moso Bamboo Shoot“. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 4, Nr. 2 (15.01.2001): 228–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2001.228.232.
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Chhabra, R., und N. Thakur. „Evaluation of transpiration capacity of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus tereticornis) and Bamboo (Bambusa arundinacea) for biodrainage of surface waters“. Indian Journal of Forestry 29, Nr. 1 (01.03.2006): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2006-dclkic.
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Waterlogging and surface water stagnation are the serious impediments for the irrigated agriculture. Trees, which can tolerate waterlogging and possess high transpiration capacity can act as biodrains to solve these problems. Water balance studies conducted for five years in big lysimeters showed that Eucalyptus plants can biodrain 5.03, 5.14, 6.96 and 8.01 times the potential evaporation in the second, third, fourth and fifth year respectively. The corresponding maximum biodrainage capacity of Bamboo was 2.09, 2.73, 5.73 and 6.30 times the potential evaporation, respectively. Their water use efficiency decreased with increase in water supply. Higher amounts of moisture in the root zone did not show any adverse effect on their growth. Eucalyptus and Bamboo are excellent species for removing excess water and controlling water stagnation in land locked low-lying areas and disposal of wastewaters through land application.
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Lee, Jong Won, Sun Gyo Ku, Beom Hee Lee, Ki-Woong Lee, Cheol Woo Kim, Ki Sung Kim und Youn Cheol Kim. „Effect of the Compatibilizer on Physical Properties of Polypropylene (PP)/Bamboo Fiber (BF) Composites“. Applied Chemistry for Engineering 26, Nr. 5 (10.10.2015): 615–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14478/ace.2015.1091.
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Krijgsman, Rens. „A SELF-REFLEXIVE PRAXIS: CHANGING ATTITUDES TOWARDS MANUSCRIPT AND TEXT IN EARLY CHINA“. Early China 42 (2019): 75–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/eac.2019.2.
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AbstractThis article examines the attitudes of Warring States textual witnesses to the increase in presence of and reliance on bamboo manuscripts in communicating knowledge. Based on a rereading of transmitted materials and four manuscript texts (*Wuwang JianzuoA and B,*Baoxun, and theZhou Wuwang you ji) from the Warring States period, I analyze how contemporaries dealt with questions about the status of (manuscript) texts, their use and transmission, their trustworthiness, and their ability to preserve knowledge. These are texts that talk about themselves. They remark upon the physicality of text and the act of writing, the problem of oral and written transmission, and the differences in the ability of memory and manuscripts to store, hide, and reveal knowledge. I argue that these different reflections reveal a change in the predominant medium of communicating knowledge towards an increased reliance on bamboo manuscripts gradually and partially replacing traditional knowledge practices.
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Latifah, Nurul, Setiyono, Wildan Muhlison, Irwanto Sucipto, Dyah Ayu Savitri, Susan Barbara Patricia SM und Ayu Puspita Arum. „The Effect of Liquid Organic Fertilizer of Rabbit Urine and Concentration of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria of Bamboo Root on the Growth and Yield of Mustard Green Plants“. Journal La Lifesci 3, Nr. 4 (31.10.2023): 146–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.37899/journallalifesci.v3i4.801.
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Mustard greens (Brassica juncea L.) are one type of favorable vegetable. However, mustard greens production and productivity still fluctuate. Also, society expects quality, healthy and safe vegetable products for consumption. So, it is necessary to increase the use of organic fertilizers to produce high productivity and good products. LOF of rabbit urine contains high nutrients, and PGPR contains microorganisms that act as bioactivators that decompose organic matter. This study aimed to determine the effect of giving LOF of rabbit urine and concentration of PGPR of bamboo roots on the growth and yield of mustard greens. The experiment was carried out factorially using Random Design Complete with three replications. The first factor was the LOF dose of rabbit urine, and the second was the PGPR concentration which consisted of 4 levels. The results showed that (1) the interaction of LOF of rabbit urine and concentrations of PGPR of bamboo root had no significantly different effect on all variables; (2) LOF of rabbit urine had no significantly different effect on all variables and (3) PGPR concentration of bamboo roots had a significant different effect on all variables except root volume and number of leaves, where treatment of 15 ml/L (B3) gave the best results on the yield of mustard greens.
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Tao, Gui-Yun, Muthusamy Ramakrishnan, Kunnummal Kurungara Vinod, Kim Yrjälä, Viswanathan Satheesh, Jungnam Cho, Ying Fu und Mingbing Zhou. „Multi-omics analysis of cellular pathways involved in different rapid growth stages of moso bamboo“. Tree Physiology 40, Nr. 11 (24.07.2020): 1487–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpaa090.
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Abstract Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis (Carriere) J. Houzeau) is a rapidly growing grass of industrial and ecological importance. However, the molecular mechanisms of its remarkable growth are not well understood. In this study, we investigated the early-stage growth of moso bamboo shoots and defined three different growth stages based on histological and biochemical analyses, namely, starting of cell division (SD), rapid division (RD) and rapid elongation (RE). Further analyses on potentially relevant cellular pathways in these growth stages using multi-omics approaches such as transcriptomics and proteomics revealed the involvement of multiple cellular pathways, including DNA replication, repair and ribosome biogenesis. A total of 8045 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 1053 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in our analyses. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses of detected DEGs identified several key biological pathways such as phytohormone metabolism, signal transduction, cell wall development and carbohydrate metabolism. The comparative analysis of proteins displayed that a total of 213 DEPs corresponded with DEGs and 3 significant expression profiles that could be promoting the fast growth of bamboo internodes. Moreover, protein–protein interaction network prediction analysis is suggestive of the involvement of five major proteins of signal transduction, DNA synthesis and RNA transcription, and may act as key elements responsible for the rapid shoot growth. Our work exploits multi-omics and bioinformatic approaches to unfurl the complexity of molecular networks involved in the rapid growth of moso bamboo and opens up questions related to the interactions between the functions played by individual molecular pathway.
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Numba, Sudirman, Anwar Robbo und Tri Yani. „Pertumbuhan Stek Bibit Tanaman Sukun (Artocarpus altilis) dengan Pemberian Pupuk Organik dan Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) dari Akar Bambu“. JURNAL GALUNG TROPIKA 12, Nr. 3 (30.12.2023): 373–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31850/jgt.v12i3.1202.
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The breadfruit plant (Artocarpus altilis) can be cultivated as a staple food to accompany rice to support the diversification of food consumption found in many regions in Indonesia. Apart from being a food-producing plant, breadfruit plants act as pioneering plants for reforestation, land conservation, and medicinal plants. The research aims to determine the effect of goat drum fertilizer and PGPR on the growth of breadfruit plant seed cuttings. The research used a Randomized Block Design (RAK) with a factorial analysis of two factors and three replications. The first factor is the dose of goat manure, which consists of 4 levels: control (without fertilizer), 100g polybag-1, 200g polybag-1, and 300g polybag-1. The second factor is the PGPR concentration from bamboo roots, which consists of 4 levels: control (without PGPR), 115ml L-1, 125ml L-1, and 135ml L-1. The research results show that using a 300g polybag-1 dose of goat drum fertilizer has a natural effect and tends to be better on the parameters of shoot emergence time, shoot length, number of leaves, and root length. Meanwhile, the PGPR concentration of bamboo roots at a concentration of 135mlL-1 significantly affected all parameters measured. The interaction between the dose of goat drum fertilizer and the PGPR concentration of bamboo roots had no significant effect on the growth of breadfruit plant root cuttings.
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Xu, Xiu-Lan, Qian Zeng, Yi-Cong Lv, Rajesh Jeewon, Sajeewa S. N. Maharachchikumbura, Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe, Kevin D. Hyde, Qian-Gang Xiao, Ying-Gao Liu und Chun-Lin Yang. „Insight into the Systematics of Novel Entomopathogenic Fungi Associated with Armored Scale Insect, Kuwanaspis howardi (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) in China“. Journal of Fungi 7, Nr. 8 (02.08.2021): 628. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7080628.
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This study led to the discovery of three entomopathogenic fungi associated with Kuwanaspis howardi, a scale insect on Phyllostachys heteroclada (fishscale bamboo) and Pleioblastus amarus (bitter bamboo) in China. Two of these species belong to Podonectria: P. kuwanaspidis X.L. Xu & C.L. Yang sp. nov. and P. novae-zelandiae Dingley. The new species P. kuwanaspidis has wider and thicker setae, longer and wider asci, longer ascospores, and more septa as compared with similar Podonectria species. The morphs of extant species P. novae-zelandiae is confirmed based on sexual and asexual morphologies. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses of ITS, LSU, SSU, tef1-α, and rpb2 sequence data provide further evidence for the validity of the two species and their placement in Podonectriaceae (Pleosporales). The second new species, Microcera kuwanaspidis X.L. Xu & C.L. Yang sp. nov., is established based on DNA sequence data from ITS, LSU, SSU, tef1-α, rpb1, rpb2, acl1, act, cmdA, and his3 gene regions, and it is characterized by morphological differences in septum numbers and single conidial mass.
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Sutarja, I. Nyoman. „The Application of Brick Wall and Bamboo Reinforced Concrete Frame for Redevelopment of Traditional Houses in Pengotan Village“. Key Engineering Materials 594-595 (Dezember 2013): 477–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.594-595.477.
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Majority of people in Pengotan Village, Bangli Regency, Bali, Indonesia, do not have healthy and decent housing and neighborhoods. In 2008, the Central Statistics Board (BPS) announced that there were 134,804 poor households in Bali, including those in Bangli regency. Pengotan village is one of the nine villages in Bangli regency with the highest number of poor households (956,517). One of indicators that determine the poor household status is the poor quality of traditional houses inhabited, such as untilled floor (exposed soil) and low quality bamboo wall. Thus it is necessary to redevelop those houses into habitable houses that meet the standard of safety, health and comfort. This standard was set by the government through the Building Act No. 28/2002. Some aspects of the house redevelopment are the physical aspects of the house, redesign of the system of structure with the addition of brick walls and bamboo reinforced concrete frame, also replacement of roof and floor. This study aims to improve the physical safety and thermal comfort of the building.
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Tesfahun, Takele, und Dessalegn Ejigu. „Avian Communities of Alatish National Park, Ethiopia“. International Journal of Zoology 2022 (01.02.2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4108081.
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Alatish National Park, which is located in the Amhara National Regional State at the border with the Republic of Sudan, is rich in its avian resources. To study the park’s avian communities, the study area was classified based on its vegetation structures into riverine woodland, wooded grassland, woodland, and bamboo woodland. Data were collected from July 2017 to April 2018 using line transect and point count methods. As a result, 132 species of birds belonging to 18 orders and 55 families were identified. The highest species diversities during the wet (H’ = 3.53) and dry (H’ = 3.55) seasons were recorded in the riverine woodland habitat. Species evenness was also the highest during the wet (E = 0.79) and dry (E = 0.77) seasons in the riverine woodland habitat. The bamboo woodland habitat harboured the lowest species diversity during the wet (H’ = 2.81) and dry (H’ = 2.45) seasons. More species similarity (SI = 0.90) was recorded between wooded grassland and bamboo woodland habitats during the dry season. Relative abundance of birds among the different species showed significant differences (F131, 1452 = 2.94, P < 0.05 ), and most birds in the area were identified as uncommon species. Forest fire, logging, and overgrazing by cattle have significantly contributed to habitat destruction in the park which might act as the cause for reduction in avian diversity. Therefore, appropriate conservation strategies should be designed and implemented to minimize avian habitat destruction due to various anthropogenic activities within the park.
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Fitriyani und Agus Subiyanto. „Preservation of Yellow Bamboo, as an Effort to Maintain the Cultural Tradition of Gorontalo (Case Study of Communication Situation in Dikili Tradition in Gorontalo)“. E3S Web of Conferences 317 (2021): 01048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131701048.
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Gorontalo people have an identity towards indigenous plants, one of which is yellow bamboo, as one of the plants that are always used in every cultural activity, it is important to maintain and carry out planting in a sustainable manner in order to keep the plants from disappearing so that they can be used sustainably. The use of yellow bamboo (bambusa vulgaris var. striata) is one of them is used in the tradition of Dikili. In this study, researcher focused on communicative situation in Dikili, by using Hymes’s theory about situation, event, and act of communication. The data of this research are from the video documentation and interviewing several people that involved in those cultural activity. This is a qualitative research, to conduct the research, researcher used qualitative approached to describe the communicative situation. The result of this research is there are several communicative events that occurs in Dikili tradition, such as; mopoma'lumu, momuata bohu, mopoloduo, and mongabi, Dikili script is a manuscript of dhikr in Gorontalo language, the manuscript is in the form of narrative or poetry. The content of the manuscript is a story about the life of the Prophet Saw.
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Xian, Yu, Cuicui Wang, Ge Wang, Leemiller Smith und Haitao Cheng. „Effect of different shell materials on the mechanical and thermal properties of core-shell structured bamboo-plastic composites“. BioResources 16, Nr. 2 (26.02.2021): 2861–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.2.2861-2875.
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The purpose of the study was to inspect the mechanical and thermal properties of four kinds of core-shell structured bamboo-plastic composites (BPCs). The materials that were used for the fabrication of the BPCs were high density polyethylene (HDPE), bamboo pulp fibers (BPF)/HDPE, nano-CaCO3/HDPE, and white mud (WM)/HDPE. As verified by flexural properties and impact properties, the dispersion of the BPF, nano-CaCO3, and WM in the HDPE matrix was inhomogeneous. The fracture surface of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed that some aggregates existed in the HDPE. Additionally, X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to corroborate the results. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the samples with the WM/HDPE shell has little effect on the thermal stability. However, the apparent activation energy (Ea) values of the nano-CaCO3/HDPE shell were higher than those of the other samples, which indicated better thermal stability. The thermal stability had no remarkable changes with the addition of the WM and BPF. The differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) curves revealed that the relative crystallinity of the BPCs increased with the addition fillers, which suggested that the fillers can act as nucleating agents.
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MATSUI, Toshiyuki, Yusuke KOSUGI und Eizou MIKI. „Postharvest Changes in Activities of GS, ACC Synthase, ACC Oxidase, and PAL in Bamboo Shoots at Different Storage Temperatures“. food preservation science 31, Nr. 6 (2005): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5891/jafps.31.303.
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Yusra, Andi. „Influence of Using Bamboo Reinforcement Bar and Fiber on Mechanic Beams Behavior“. Civil Engineering Beyond Limits 4, Nr. 3 (01.04.2023): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.36937/cebel.2023.1866.
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High quality concrete has a low enough porosity value to achieve high density. The purpose of this study was to measure the performance of high-quality concrete blocks by using bamboo reinforcement and bamboo fiber as additional materials. The use of super-liquefying additives from fly ash and palm kernel shells, and high-quality low-grade FAS Tilapia Concrete enhances the concrete experience. Based on (ACI, 2014), it was classified as high-quality concrete with a compressive strength greater than 41.4MPa. Reinforced concrete is a structure made by mixing coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, water, cement, and steel aggregate. Fiber concrete is concrete in which fibers evenly mixed with concrete mortar. The fibers in this concrete serve to retard cracking and reduce brittleness, making the concrete thinner than regular concrete. Using fibers up to 1.5 µm in high-quality reinforced concrete blocks, the maximum deflection reached 23,200 mm for LVDT 5, 0.000 mm for LVDT 3 and LVDT 4, and 37.565 mm. As a result, no shear cracks occurred, and only flex cracks occurred. This is because bending stiffeners are weaker than sliding bones. To increase the flexural strength of bamboo reinforcing blocks, the amount of tensile and compressive bamboo reinforcement should increase to double the amount of reinforcement used in this study.
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Steenput, Gie. „Introducing Bamboo in the Education of the Building Engineer“. Key Engineering Materials 600 (März 2014): 34–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.600.34.
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If we believe there is a crisis regarding global warming, pollution, and social injustice, and if we want to act on it, we need to open our minds, change our attitudes, and start preparing with our young students. Together we need to develop a way of thinking that implies the use of a new set of values that differs from today’s mind-set and values that caused this crisis in the first place.With this in mind we proposed a group of students and professors to consider building structures with an alternative material: bamboo, a material with which neither students nor professors had any experience in. During the course of this exercise the conceived structures developed from simple to complex designs, from required forms to free ones designed by the students, from small 1:100 scaled models to bigger 1:20 ones.Not theory but the practice itself generated a tremendous amount of enthusiasm within the group of students and within the group of professors. Knowledge of the stability of skeletal structures was gained in a playful way; theoretical thinking-errors were immediately tested by the practical execution of the newly developed model. The existence of alternative construction materials, in this case bamboo, the feel for the material and its numerous possibilities for construction purposes were being revealed! For the involved students and professors the practical aspects of this exercise created more awareness and knowledge on the topic than any theoretical lecture could.
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Li, Xun, Chang-Zhou Chen und Ming-Fei Li. „Structural Characterization of Bamboo Lignin Isolated With Formic Acid and Alkaline Peroxide by Gel Permeation Chromatography and Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry“. Annals of Chromatography and Separation Techniques 1, Nr. 2 (2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.36876/acst.1006.
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Winkler, Daniela E., Ellen Schulz-Kornas, Thomas M. Kaiser, Annelies De Cuyper, Marcus Clauss und Thomas Tütken. „Forage silica and water content control dental surface texture in guinea pigs and provide implications for dietary reconstruction“. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, Nr. 4 (03.01.2019): 1325–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1814081116.
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Recent studies have shown that phytoliths are softer than dental enamel but still act as abrasive agents. Thus, phytolith content should be reflected in dental wear. Because native phytoliths show lower indentation hardness than phytoliths extracted by dry ashing, we propose that the hydration state of plant tissue will also affect dental abrasion. To assess this, we performed a controlled feeding experiment with 36 adult guinea pigs, fed exclusively with three different natural forages: lucerne, timothy grass, and bamboo with distinct phytolith/silica contents (lucerne < grass < bamboo). Each forage was fed in fresh or dried state for 3 weeks. We then performed 3D surface texture analysis (3DST) on the upper fourth premolar. Generally, enamel surface roughness increased with higher forage phytolith/silica content. Additionally, fresh and dry grass feeders displayed differences in wear patterns, with those of fresh grass feeders being similar to fresh and dry lucerne (phytolith-poor) feeders, supporting previous reports that “fresh grass grazers” show less abrasion than unspecialized grazers. Our results demonstrate that not only phytolith content but also properties such as water content can significantly affect plant abrasiveness, even to such an extent that wear patterns characteristic for dietary traits (browser–grazer differences) become indistinguishable.
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Li, Yanjun, Lanxing Du, Zhen Zhang und Qinglin Wu. „High-Density Polyethylene and Heat-Treated Bamboo Fiber Composites: Nonisothermal Crystallization Properties“. International Journal of Polymer Science 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/658584.
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The effect of heat-treated bamboo fibers (BFs) on nonisothermal crystallization of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry under nitrogen. The Avrami-Jeziorny model was used to fit the measured crystallization data of the HDPE/BF composites and to obtain the model parameters for the crystallization process. The heat flow curves of neat HDPE and HDPE/heat-treated BF composites showed similar trends. Their crystallization mostly occurred within a temperature range between 379 K and 399 K, where HDPE turned from the liquid phase into the crystalline phase. Values of the Avrami exponent (n) were in the range of 2.8~3.38. Lamellae of neat HDPE and their composites grew in a three-dimensional manner, which increased with increased heat-treatment temperature and could be attributed to the improved ability of heterogeneous nucleation and crystallization completeness. The values of the modified kinetic rate constant (KJ) first increased and then decreased with increased cooling rate because the supercooling was improved by the increased number of nucleating sites. Heat-treated BF and/or a coupling agent could act as a nucleator for the crystallization of HDPE.
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Warsito, Warsito, und Anita Rahmawati. „Variasi Abu Ampas Tebu dan Serat Bambu sebagai Bahan Campuran Pembuatan Beton Ramah Lingkungan“. Jurnal Rekayasa Hijau 4, Nr. 2 (07.08.2020): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/jrh.v4i2.109-117.
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ABSTRAKBeton merupakan suatu material yang secara umum menjadi kebutuhan masyarakat terhadap fasilitas infrastruktur konstruksi yang semakin meningkat seiring dengan perkembangan zaman, oleh sebab itu pemilihan beton sebagai bahan baku utama konstruksi bangunan sangatlah penting. Beberapa hal yang perlu ditinjau dalam pembuatan beton adalah harganya relatif murah, mudah diperoleh, memiliki kuat tekan tinggi serta mempunyai sifat tahan terhadap faktor kondisi lingkungan. Abu Ampas Tebu (AAT) adalah sisa hasil pembakaran dari ampas tebu. Ampas tebu sendiri merupakan hasil limbah buangan yang berlimpah dari proses pembuatan gula. Tujuan penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui kuat tekan beton yang menggunakan serat bambu dan abu ampas tebu sebagai pengganti agregat halus dengan variasi tertentu yang mencapai 40%. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif eksperimen dan teknik analisa data menggunakan regresi. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah variabel bebas yang berupa variasi penggantian sebagian agregat halus menggunakan abu ampas tebu dan serat bambu. Hasil penelitian ini adalah beton dengan perbandingan komposisi campuran yang didapat sebelumnya dan hasil mix design beton normal maut sedang yaitu dengan besar kuat tekan fc’ 14,5 Mpa (K175) sampai dengan fc’17,15 Mpa (K210,6) yang kemudian ditambah dengan bahan AAT sebagai bahan penambah semen dan serat Bambu.Kata Kunci: Abu Ampas Tebu, Beton, Serat Bambu, Agregat ABSTRACTConcrete is a material that generally supports the community's need for construction of infrastructure facilities which is increasing along with the times. Selection of concrete as the main raw material for building construction is very important. There are benefits in making concrete such as low cost, ease to obtain, high compressive strength and resistancy to environmental conditions. Bagasse Ash (AAT) is the residue from the burning of sugarcane bagasse. Sugarcane bagasse itself is an abundant waste product from the sugar making processes. The purpose of this study was to determine the compressive strength of concrete using bamboo fibers and the AAT as a substitute for fine aggregate with certain variations reaching up to 40% with a concrete enhancer chemical aggregate. This research used the American Concrete Institute design method with a value of 0.40 and 0.45 on the concrete age of 28 days. Results found that the samples made were hard concrete with a comparison of the composition of the mixture obtained previously. Results of a normal deadly concrete mix design comprised with a large compressive strength fc '14.5 Mpa (K175) to fc '17, 15 Mpa (K210,6) which was then added to the AAT as aggregates in the cement and Bamboo fiber.Keywords: Bagasse Ash, Concrete, Bamboo, Aggregate
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Warsito, Warsito, und Anita Rahmawati. „Variasi Abu Ampas Tebu dan Serat Bambu sebagai Bahan Campuran Pembuatan Beton Ramah Lingkungan“. Jurnal Rekayasa Hijau 4, Nr. 2 (07.08.2020): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/jrh.v4i2.62-70.
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ABSTRAKBeton merupakan suatu material yang secara umum menjadi kebutuhan masyarakat terhadap fasilitas infrastruktur konstruksi yang semakin meningkat seiring dengan perkembangan zaman, oleh sebab itu pemilihan beton sebagai bahan baku utama konstruksi bangunan sangatlah penting. Beberapa hal yang perlu ditinjau dalam pembuatan beton adalah harganya relatif murah, mudah diperoleh, memiliki kuat tekan tinggi serta mempunyai sifat tahan terhadap faktor kondisi lingkungan. Abu Ampas Tebu (AAT) adalah sisa hasil pembakaran dari ampas tebu. Ampas tebu sendiri merupakan hasil limbah buangan yang berlimpah dari proses pembuatan gula. Tujuan penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui kuat tekan beton yang menggunakan serat bambu dan abu ampas tebu sebagai pengganti agregat halus dengan variasi tertentu yang mencapai 40%. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif eksperimen dan teknik analisa data menggunakan regresi. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah variabel bebas yang berupa variasi penggantian sebagian agregat halus menggunakan abu ampas tebu dan serat bambu. Hasil penelitian ini adalah beton dengan perbandingan komposisi campuran yang didapat sebelumnya dan hasil mix design beton normal maut sedang yaitu dengan besar kuat tekan fc’ 14,5 Mpa (K175) sampai dengan fc’17,15 Mpa (K210,6) yang kemudian ditambah dengan bahan AAT sebagai bahan penambah semen dan serat Bambu.Kata Kunci: Abu Ampas Tebu, Beton, Serat Bambu, Agregat ABSTRACTConcrete is a material that generally supports the community's need for construction of infrastructure facilities which is increasing along with the times. Selection of concrete as the main raw material for building construction is very important. There are benefits in making concrete such as low cost, ease to obtain, high compressive strength and resistancy to environmental conditions. Bagasse Ash (AAT) is the residue from the burning of sugarcane bagasse. Sugarcane bagasse itself is an abundant waste product from the sugar making processes. The purpose of this study was to determine the compressive strength of concrete using bamboo fibers and the AAT as a substitute for fine aggregate with certain variations reaching up to 40% with a concrete enhancer chemical aggregate. This research used the American Concrete Institute design method with a value of 0.40 and 0.45 on the concrete age of 28 days. Results found that the samples made were hard concrete with a comparison of the composition of the mixture obtained previously. Results of a normal deadly concrete mix design comprised with a large compressive strength fc '14.5 Mpa (K175) to fc '17, 15 Mpa (K210,6) which was then added to the AAT as aggregates in the cement and Bamboo fiber.Keywords: Bagasse Ash, Concrete, Bamboo, Aggregate
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Geng, F., X. Tie, A. Guenther, G. Li, J. Cao und P. Harley. „Effect of isoprene emissions from major forests on ozone formation in the city of Shanghai, China“. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11, Nr. 20 (20.10.2011): 10449–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-10449-2011.
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Abstract. Ambient surface level concentrations of isoprene (C5H8) were measured in the major forest regions located south of Shanghai, China. Because there is a large coverage of broad-leaved trees in this region, high concentrations of isoprene were measured, ranging from 1 to 6 ppbv. A regional dynamical/chemical model (WRF-Chem) is applied for studying the effect of such high concentrations of isoprene on the ozone production in the city of Shanghai. The evaluation of the model shows that the calculated isoprene concentrations agree with the measured concentrations when the measured isoprene concentrations are lower than 3 ppb, but underestimate the measurements when the measured values are higher than 3 ppb. Isoprene was underestimated only at sampling sites near large bamboo plantations, a high isoprene source, indicating the need to include geospatially resolved bamboo distributions in the biogenic emission model. The assessment of the impact of isoprene on ozone formation suggests that the concentrations of peroxy radicals (RO2) are significantly enhanced due to the oxidation of isoprene, with a maximum of 30 ppt. However, the enhancement of RO2 is confined to the forested regions. Because the concentrations of NOx were low in the forest regions, the ozone production due to the oxidation of isoprene (C5H8 + OH → → RO2 + NO → → O3) is low (less than 2–3 ppb h−1). The calculation further suggests that the oxidation of isoprene leads to the enhancement of carbonyls (such as formaldehyde and acetaldehyde) in the regions downwind of the forests, due to continuous oxidation of isoprene in the forest air. As a result, the concentrations of HO2 radical are enhanced, resulting from the photo-disassociation of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde. Because the enhancement of HO2 radical occurs in regions downwind of the forests, the enhancement of ozone production (6–8 ppb h−1) is higher than in the forest region, causing by higher anthropogenic emissions of NOx. This study suggests that the biogenic emissions in the major forests to the south of Shanghai have important impacts on the levels of ozone in the city, mainly due to the carbonyls produced by the continuous oxidation of isoprene in the forest air.
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Hamme, Vanessa, Frederic Sannier, Jean-Marie Piot, Sandrine Didelot und Stephanie Bordenave-Juchereau. „Crude goat whey fermentation by Kluyveromyces marxianus and Lactobacillus rhamnosus: contribution to proteolysis and ACE inhibitory activity“. Journal of Dairy Research 76, Nr. 2 (05.01.2009): 152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029908003877.
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Unsupplemented acid goat whey containing 0·96% protein and 2·76% lactose was fermented aerobically with 32 microflora extracted from various raw milk cheeses and dairy products. These microflora were screened for their ability to hydrolyse whey proteins (α-lactalbumin and/or β-lactoglobulin) and to generate peptides inhibitors of Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme. Five microflora were able to degrade whey protein. The most efficient microflora was able to fully hydrolyse α-lactalbumin and to a lesser extend β-lactoglobulin. It was extracted from Bamalou des Pyrenées cheese. Micro-organisms involved consisted of yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus and lactobacillus Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Both were able to produce ACE inhibitory peptides after whey fermentation.
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Julya ; Anastasia Maurina, Sharon. „STRUCTURAL AND ARCHITECTURAL FUNCTION IN BAMBOO CONSTRUCTION OF TAMAN BUAH MEKARSARI AMPHITEATHER BUILDING“. Riset Arsitektur (RISA) 4, Nr. 1 (13.01.2020): 81–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.26593/risa.v4i1.3689.81-98.
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Abstract- Building structures are one of the most essential and basic components to make designs and construction realizations in architecture. Choosing the material for building learning since influences have been building the system and its ability to support and act as a load-bearing structure. One material that Indonesia possesses, which is also able to compete in strength and become a structural element of the building, is bamboo. An example seen in Mekarsari Fruit Garden Amphitheater building in Bogor displays a roof that is not only for the building's enclosure but also a structural function of the building. This dual function in architecture affects space, activity, and space atmosphere created by the uniqueness and natural element of the material itself. The main purpose of this study is to find an optimal and functional structure and beauty in the architectural system in Mekarsari Fruit Garden Amphitheater building. This study uses qualitative methods and collects the data from several ways through the literature, site, and building observation, object visual documentation, interviewed architect of the Taman Buah Mekarsari Amphitheater, simulations of building structure software, and the analog model. From this study, it can be concluded that roof structures can keep the symmetric form of the Taman Buah Mekarsari Amphitheater building and give through the structure configuration inside and deliver the message of the building concept.. Key Words: Structure, bamboo, structural function and architectural function, Taman Buah Mekarsari Amphitheatre
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Zhao, Aoshun, Xingcui Ding, Manchang Huang und Yingjie Cheng. „Bioprospecting Plant-Growth-Promoting Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Moso Bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) Shoots“. Forests 14, Nr. 10 (16.10.2023): 2061. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14102061.
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Endophytic bacteria improve plant health and are sometimes necessary to fight against adverse conditions. Bamboo shoots can be eaten as a vegetable and grow into culm wood. However, few studies have focused on the colonization characteristics of endophytic bacteria in Moso bamboo shoots at different tissue sites and different growth developmental phases. Endophytic bacteria were isolated from the top, the base, and the root of Moso bamboo shoots during three different growth and development stages (winter shoot period underground (S1), spring shoot period at 50 cm aboveground (S2), and fast growth shoot period at 200 cm aboveground (S3)), and the highest content of isolable endophytes were in roots in the S3 stage. A total of 253 different endophytic bacteria strains were totally isolated and then evaluated in term of their PGP (plant growth promoting) traits such as inorganic phosphorus solubilization, organic phosphorus solubilization, hormone production, siderophore production, ACC deaminase, and biological nitrogen fixation. Among those newly isolated strains, Pseudomonas rhodesiae RD7-4 had the strongest phosphorus solubilizing ability, Burkholderia pyrrocinia BD24-2 had the strongest nitrogen fixing ability, and Pseudomonas edaphica TD33-1 had the strongest IAA production ability. Inoculation with all three strains significantly increased the content of soluble starch in Arabidopsis, and B. pyrrocinia BD24-2 significantly increased the fresh weight and promoted the growth of the root system. Furthermore, in pot experiments, B. pyrrocinia BD24-2 significantly increased the biomass, root length, and leaf area. Our study contributes to understanding the endophytes in Moso bamboo shoots, and indicates that the strain BD24-2 can be potentially acted as a plant growth promoter.
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Destiana, Evie, Rugaya Meis Andhiarini und Agus Salim. „Tongling Performing Arts As The Identity Of The Wonomulyo Village - Genilangit“. Procedia of Social Sciences and Humanities 1 (30.01.2021): 136–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/pssh.v1i.33.
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The Wonomulyo village is one of the most potential in the Genilangit village of any other village. As an act of gratitude for the people of the Wonomulyo village - Genilangit of the vast natural resources of this village, so in 1994 one of the Wonomulyo community decided to create an art musical using bamboo Musical Instruments The art of the Tongling performance stands for both Kentongan and Suling (flute), which are important instruments of the Tongling show. Not a part of the ritual, but merely an amusement for the Wonomulyo village folk during special days, such as the harvest, the feasting, the welcome, and so on. Tongling performance art is the only indigenous art of the Wonomulyo village performance, and it is the trademark, identity, and pride of citizens that to this day have grown with the age, without dismissing the true identity of these performance instruments.
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LIN, JIA Y., LING-HAN GUO, GUANG-MEI LI, MING ZHANG, DE-CHUN XIE, SHU-XIAN HE und KUN L. YANG. „Pseudoplectania mystica (Ascomycota, Pezizales), a new cup fungus with an endophytic habit of a broad range of host plants“. Phytotaxa 650, Nr. 1 (23.05.2024): 8–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.650.1.2.
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A cup fungus producing ascomata on senescing to dead rhizomes of bamboo in East China is described as Pseudoplectania mystica sp. nov. (Ascomycota, Pezizales) based on morphological, ecological and phylogenetic evidence. Some sequences of unidentified endophytic fungi uploaded to the GenBank database by other researchers were also identified as P. mystica in our phylogeny. By checking the original literature of these sequences, P. mystica was further found to act as an endophyte in a broad range of host plants including Aegiceras, Cinnamomum, Dendrobium and Lindera, probably lurking in the tissues of the host plants as invisible mycelium in most cases and only producing visible ascomata following senescence of the host tissues. Such ecology and a combination of all its morphological characteristics make P. mystica recognizable from other known species of Pseudoplectania. This study contributes to the understanding of the species diversity and lifecycle of Pseudoplectania.
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Nivison, David S., und Kevin D. Pang. „Astronomical Evidence for the Bamboo Annals' Chronicle of Early Xia“. Early China 15 (1990): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0362502800005022.
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Tradition says that Yu, first ruler of the Xia Dynasty, was chosen by the “sage emperor” Shun as Shun's successor. The “Modern Text” Bamboo Annals (Jinben Zhushu jinian) dates this act of choice to the fourteenth year of Shun. (With E. L. Shaughnessy, “On the Authenticity of the Bamboo Annals,” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 46 (1986), we accept this text as at least in part the text found in a royal tomb of Wei in A.D. 281.) Following D. Pankenier's argument (“Mozi and the Dates of Xia, Shang and Zhou,” Early China 9–10 [1983–85]), we date this event to 1953 B.C., the year of a dramatic five-planet conjunction. (K. Pang independently dated this conjunction to Yu's reign in his article “Extraordinary Floods in Early Chinese History and their Absolute Dates,” Journal of Hydrology 96 [1987].)We next use K. Pang's discovery (“Extraordinary Floods”) that there was an eclipse of the sun on 16 October 1876 B.C., that exactly satisfies descriptions in the Zuo zhuan (Zhao 17) and in the Bamboo Annals for Xia, Zhong Kang fifth year, of an eclipse associated with the (post-Han Shang shu) “Punitive Expedition of Yin” (except for the day-cycle in the Annals, which we assume to be a later calculation); i.e., it occurred on the first of the ninth lunar month (Xia calendar), the sun's location at the time (188å) was in lunar lodge Fang, and the eclipse was visible in the probable Xia capital area. No other eclipse within many centuries satisfies these criteria.Extending D. Nivison's theory (“The Dates of Western Chou,” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 43 (1983)) that Western Zhou royal calendars began only after completion of mourning, i.e., two years after accession, we then assume that there were similar two-year mourning breaks between Xia royal calendars (possibly reflected in the irregular interregnums in the present Annals). For a demonstration of this chronology, see the chart on page 94.
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Chen, Lingyan, Yu Tang, Yun Tao, Azra Seerat, Pengkai Zhu, Tianyou He und Yushan Zheng. „Accumulation of Salicylic Acid and 12-oxo-phytodienoic Acid Acting on the Antioxidant Pathway to Keep Stability of Striped Leaves of Variegated Temple Bamboo“. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 149, Nr. 1 (Januar 2024): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs05348-23.
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Variegated temple bamboo (Sinobambusa tootsik f. luteoloalbostriata) is one of the native variegated bamboo species has some whole green (WG) and whole white (WW) leaves in addition to striped green and white ones. The life span of WW leaves is short, but the life span of striped leaves (SLs) is unaffected by the area of white mesophyll, and the SL phenotype is well maintained. To explore the mechanism of phenotypic stability of SL, we took five leaf phenotypes as study materials: WG, WW, SL, the green part of SL (SG), and the white part of SL (SW). Through the measurement of photosynthetic pigments, leaf nutrient elements, chloroplast synthesis–related hormones and their precursors in the leaves, and antioxidant system parameters, we examined the antioxidant adaptation mechanism of the white mesophyll cells of S. tootsik f. luteoloalbostriata. The results indicated that abscisic acid (ABA) levels were substantially higher in WW leaves than in SW leaves, and salicylic acid (SA) levels were significantly higher in SW leaves compared with WW leaves. Levels of 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), and SA were substantially higher in WW and SW than in the leaves of the other three phenotypes. Glutathione (GSH) levels were substantially higher in SW than in SG and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were significantly lower. Overall, the white mesophyll cells of S. tootsik f. luteoloalbostriata had strong antioxidant properties. SA and OPDA jointly act on the antioxidant pathway to reduce the content of ROS in leaves, thus ensuring the stability of SL.
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Kusumojanto, Djoko Dwi, Indrayani Indrayani und Novia Tri Hapsari. „Internalization of Entrepreneurship Education in Tourism Awareness Groups: Evidence from Indonesia“. Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi Dan Bisnis (JPEB) 9, Nr. 1 (30.03.2021): 72–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jpeb.9.1.8.
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The inadequacy of entrepreneurship in Indonesia is becoming an interesting problem to study, and therefore the solution will be obtained through entrepreneurial education. Higher education plays an essential role in creating sustainable entrepreneurs. Therefore, this study aims to determine the internalization of entrepreneurship education in increasing the skills and knowledge in the Mentawir Mangrove Tourism Village community. This research uses a qualitative approach, with a type of phenomenology. Researchers act as implementers, observers, data collectors, data analyzers, giving actions, and at the same time producing research reports. In-depth interviews and observations with informants carried out data collection in this study. Data analysis in this study is using an interactive model. The results showed that the internalization of entrepreneurship education in the Mentawir Mangrove Tourism Village community is carried out traditionally. However, the output of the entrepreneurial education internalization process begins with creativity by the Tambun Tiram Tourism Awareness group in the form of mangrove syrup and bamboo handicraft production activities.
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Rodríguez, S., E. Cuevas, J. M. Prospero, A. Alastuey, X. Querol, J. López-Solano, M. I. García und S. Alonso-Pérez. „Modulation of Saharan dust export by the North African dipole“. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, Nr. 13 (10.07.2015): 7471–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-7471-2015.
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Abstract. We have studied the relationship between the long-term interannual variability in large-scale meteorology in western North Africa – the largest and most active dust source worldwide – and Saharan dust export in summer, when enhanced dust mobilization in the hyper-arid Sahara results in maximum dust impacts throughout the North Atlantic. We address this issue by analyzing 28 years (1987–2014) of summer averaged dust concentrations at the high-altitude Izaña observatory (~ 2400 m a.s.l.) on Tenerife, and satellite and meteorological reanalysis data. The summer meteorological scenario in North Africa (aloft 850 hPa) is characterized by a high over the the subtropical Sahara and a low over the tropics linked to the monsoon. We measured the variability of this high–low dipole-like pattern in terms of the North African dipole intensity (NAFDI): the difference of geopotential height anomalies averaged over the subtropics (30–32° N, Morocco) and the tropics (10–13° N, Bamako region) close to the Atlantic coast (at 5–8° W). We focused on the 700 hPa standard level due to dust export off the coast of North Africa tending to occur between 1 and 5 km a.s.l. Variability in the NAFDI is associated with displacements of the North African anticyclone over the Sahara and this has implications for wind and dust export. The correlations we found between the 1987–2014 summer mean of NAFDI with dust at Izaña, satellite dust observations and meteorological re-analysis data indicate that increases in the NAFDI (i) result in higher wind speeds at the north of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone that are associated with enhanced dust export over the subtropical North Atlantic, (ii) influence the long-term variability of the size distribution of exported dust particles (increasing the load of coarse dust) and (iii) are associated with enhanced rains in the tropical and northern shifts of the tropical rain band that may affect the southern Sahel. Interannual variability in NAFDI is also connected to spatial distribution of dust over the North Atlantic; high NAFDI summers are associated with major dust export (linked to winds) in the subtropics and minor dust loads in the tropics (linked to higher rainfall), and vice versa. The evolution of the summer NAFDI values since 1950 to the present day shows connections to climatic variability (through the Sahelian drought, ENSO (El Niño–Southern Oscillation) and winds) that have implications for dust export paths. Efforts to anticipate how dust export may evolve in future decades will require a better understanding of how the large-scale meteorological systems represented by the NAFD will evolve.
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Gelanew, Dejene Mengesha, und Belachew Asteray Demiss. „Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Bamboo Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Containing a Blend of Waste Marble Powder and Waste Glass Powder“. Advances in Civil Engineering 2023 (20.11.2023): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/2725801.
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Using blended supplementary cementitious materials in the production of concrete has a contribution to make in reducing cement consumption, as well as having a negative environmental impact. The main objective of this study was to investigate the mechanical and microstructural properties of bamboo fiber-reinforced concrete containing a blend of waste marble powder (WMP) and waste glass powder (WGP) as a partial replacement for cement. To achieve these objectives, the physical and chemical properties of concrete ingredients were studied. The design mix was done as per the American Concrete Institute (ACI) mixing procedure by using 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% blended WMP and WGP as a replacement for cement and 0.75% bamboo fiber as an addition. The mechanical tests were conducted after samples were cured for 7 and 28 days in water. The microstructural properties of the hardened concrete from three different mixes were also determined for the 28-day cured specimens. The study result indicated improvement in compressive strength, shear stress, and bond stress at M2 (10%), whereas maximum splitting tensile strength was achieved at M1 (5%). Moreover, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed a denser microstructure, whereas X-ray diffraction (XRD) illustrated portlandite, calcium aluminum silicate, quartz, and calcium silicate hydrate as common phases of the concrete structure. Eventually, the experimental finding implied that using a 10% blend of WMP and WGP as a partial replacement for cement and 0.75% bamboo fiber improves fresh and hardened concrete properties.