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Pavicevic, Tea, und Dejana Tomasevic. „Researching the conflicts between user experience, front-end and back-end in software development process“. Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-55100.
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User experience design is the process of improving the accessibility and use of a product during user’s interaction with it. This study investigates the issues that occur in the coordination of UX design and software development. Furthermore, it examines diverse types of conflicts between UX designers, front-end and back-end developers, factors contributing to these conflicts and their influence on the software development process. The method used in this study is a survey conducted in an online form with a target group of practitioners. The data show that task conflicts are the most common type of conflicts in teams, that gender of a person can influence its awareness of the project status and that age and geographical location do not affect the occurrence of the identified conflicts.
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Bäck, Fredrik. „Back-end development of mobile application for the collection of dietary data“. Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-65897.
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Smartphones are used by incredibly many people, and in 2011 there where a total of 491.4million units soled worldwide. Smartphones are known as advanced phones, or personal digital assistants (PDAs). This makes a relevant technique for performing dietary studies when the test patients are on the move. This thesis shows how to create a back end environment for an Android application with existing techniques linked together, using MSSQL database, Visual Studio Web Service, web pages and C# classes and ASP.NET security.The back end development is used in a dietary study on Gothenburg University, but could be applied on many similar back end projects using databases and server development.Techniques used in this thesis are: REST (Representational State Transfer) -clientimplementation and development inside the Android application, using HTTP methods toset and get information from the server and database, and JSON-format to read and transfer information in an easy and understandable way, both from the Android application and from the database. FileMaker is also used in this project as a third part programme to visualise the information in the database.
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Käll, Daniel, und Emelie Lannerhjelm. „Design and Development of Data Acquisition/Processing and Communication Interface for Radar Front-End“. Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Fysik och elektroteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-133208.
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This thesis follows the design process of a back end. The purpose of this back end is to interface a radar front end, developed by Acreo Swedish ICT, and stream its digitalized output to a PC using Universal Serial Bus (USB) 3.0. The front end, which acts as a basis for this project, is a Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar which is connected to the back end by a header. The header connects the digitalized radar signals, together with two SPI-buses and a few GPIO pins. Thus, enabling configuration and set up of the front end board via a PC. The result of the thesis is a data acquisition board that can be used to interface with the front end. The implemented back end features an FPGA to handle the ADC data from the front end, so the board has DSP capabilities, but can also stream the raw radar data. The FPGA is connected to a USB 3.0 controller through a 32-bit parallel interface. The configuration of the front end, via the produced board, is verified in its functionality and can be controlled by a PC using a simple GUI. Commands are sent through the USB 3.0 controller to a front end controller which handles the communication. Since getting the hardware functional has been the main objective of the thesis, the project has been deemed to be successful. The final result is a back end radar prototype, which has the requested core hardware functionalities. In addition to this, the prototype has the capacity to act as a platform for further expanding its functionality after a hand over of the project to Acreo Swedish ICT.
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Black, Richard Allen. „Digital Back End Development and Interference Mitigation Methods for Radio Telescopes with Phased-Array Feeds“. BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4233.
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The Brigham Young University (BYU) Radio Astronomy group, in collaboration with Cornell University, the University of Massachusetts, and the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO), have in recent years developed and deployed PAF systems that demonstrated the advantages of PAFs for astronomy. However, these systems lacked the necessary bandwidth and acquisition times to be scientifically viable. This thesis outlines the development of a 20-MHz bandwidth system that can acquire for much longer periods of time and across much larger bandwidths than previous BYU systems. A report of the deployment of this system on the 305-meter reflector at the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico is also summarized.The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) is currently constructing a PAF-equipped synthesis imaging array named the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) that offers great promise for widening FOVs and enhancing RFI mitigation techniques. Previous work in RFI mitigation has demonstrated effective cancellation for synthesis imaging arrays under the assumption that the processing bandwidth is narrowband and correlator dump times are short. However, these assumptions do not necessarily reflect real-world instrument limitations. This thesis explores simulated adaptive array cancellation algorithm effectiveness as applied on the ASKAP instrument given realistic bandwidths and correlator dump times. The results demonstrate that active RFI mitigation performed across long baselines is largely ineffectual.
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Burnett, Mitchell Costus. „Advancements in Radio Astronomical Array Processing: Digital Back End Development and Interferometric Array Interference Mitigation“. BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6611.
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The Brigham Young University (BYU) Radio Astronomy Systems group, in collaboration with the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO), the Center for Astrophysics at West Virginia University (WVU), and the Green Bank Observatory (GBO) have developed, and commissioned, a broadband real-time digital back end processing system for a 38-element phased array feed (PAF) with 150 MHz of instantaneous bandwidth. This system is capable of producing coarse and fine channel correlations, and implements a real-time beamformer that forms 7 simultaneous dual-polarized beams. This thesis outlines the hardware and software development for the digital back end and presents on-telescope commissioning results. This system has been measured to provide an unprecedented low Tsys/η noise level of 28 K and can perform maps of galactic hydrogen observations in a fraction of the time of a conventional single horn feed. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) has recently announced the concept and development of the next generation Very Large Array (ngVLA), a large interferometric array consisting of 300 radio telescopes and longest baseline (distance between a pair of antennas) of 300 km. Large interferometric arrays have been shown to attenuate radio frequency interference (RFI) because it is decorrelated as it propagates across long baselines. This is not always sufficient, especially with dense core array geometries and with the ever-increasing amount of strong RFI sources. Conventional RFI projection-based mitigation techniques have performed poorly on large interferometers because of covariance matrix estimation error due to decorrelation when identifying interference subspace parameters. This thesis presents an algorithm that overcomes the challenge of decorrelation by applying subspace projection via subarray processing (SP-SAP). Each subarray is designed to have a set of elements with high mutual correlation in the interferer for better estimation of subspace parameters. In simulation, compared to the former approach of applying subspace projection on the full array, SP-SAP improves mitigation of the RFI on the order of 9 dB. A signal of interest is shown then to be observable through the RFI in a full synthetic image.
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Zsiga, Juraj. „Návrh, tvorba a implementace softwarové aplikace ve firemním prostředí“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444598.
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The diploma thesis deals with the design, creation and implementation of a software application in the corporate environment of Velká Pecka s.r.o., better known as Rohlík. The first goal is to analyze the given company and find its shortcomings. The second, the main one, is to create and implement a software, which would eliminate them. The resulting solution is a mobile application, which improves issue reporting in their warehouses, thus saving resources overall.
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Diokh, Thérèse. „Développement des technologies mémoires "back-end" résistives à base d'oxydes pour application dans des "Systems on Chip" avancés“. Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENT048.
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Les mémoires résistives non volatiles à bases d'oxydes métalliques suscitent un intérêt croissant chez les industriels. Plus particulièrement, les mémoires non volatiles à base d'oxydes (OxRRAM) offrent des temps de programmation et d'accès très court, une faible consommation énergétique, un coût par bit très concurrentiel et une facilité de co-intégration dans le back-end avec du CMOS avancé. Ce travail de thèse a pour objectif le développement d'une mémoire OxRRAM facilement intégrable dans une technologie de fabrication CMOS avancée afin de montrer les avantages en vue de leur application dans des SoC. Une première étape fut la fabrication et l'analyse des cellules mémoires OxRRAM intégrant différents oxydes métalliques afin de choisir la solution la plus adaptée à être intégrée dans une technologie CMOS 65nm et 28nm. Des techniques de mesures dédiées ont été mises en place afin d'établir l'impact du diélectrique sur le fonctionnement de la mémoire OxRRAM en termes de polarisation, de temps de programmation, de courant de programmation et de mécanismes de transition. Des études statistiques et de fiabilité des différents états du point mémoire ont été aussi réalisées. La modélisation associée a permis de mieux comprendre les mécanismes de vieillissements et prédire des lois de durée de vie sous champ et en température des état écrit et effacé de la cellule OxRRAM. Les données expérimentales obtenues sur les cellules ont ensuite permis de concevoir et d'optimiser un circuit d'évaluation statistique de 16 Kbit en technologie CMOS 28nm en tenant compte de toutes les contraintes de design analogiqueOxide-based Resistive Random Acces Memories (OxRRAM) are nowadays considered among the most promising solutions for future generation of low-cost embedded non-volatile memories. The advantages of these memories are the scalability, low power consumption, high speed, complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology (CMOS) compatibility and ease of fabrication (the memory cell consisting of a Metal–Insulator– Metal (MIM) structure integrated in the back-end-of-line, plus an addressing element, i.e. a transistor or a diode) . The potential applications range from consumer – communications to automotive – industrial. This work deals with the development of an OxRRAM demonstrator into an advanced CMOS technology for System on Chip (SoC) application. We discuss the impact of different dielectrics materials (Ta2O5, ZrO2 and HfO2) and electrodes (Pt, Ti, TiN) on the memory performances and reliability in order to choose the best couple dielectric/electrode. We focus on the understanding of the memory switching physics that is involved in the programming of OxRRAM bit-cells. The failure and transition mechanism are presented for lifetime prediction. Some methodologies are presented in this PhD thesis for the optimization of the OxRRAM bit-cell performances and sizes according to a targeted Mutliple Time Programmable (MTP) memory application. We developed analog block systems to control and address the OxRRAM bit-cell taking to account the bipolar switching characteristics of the devices. Finally, these solutions are to be validated using a 1-kb OxRRAM demonstrator yet designed and fabricated in a logic 28-nm node CMOS technology. Keywords: Oxide Resistive memory (OxRRAM), High-k, MIM, CMOS, Characterization, Reliability, Modeling, Analog Design, Simulation
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Ayadi, Yosri. „3D integration of single electron transistors in the Back-End-Of-Line of 28 nm CMOS technology for the development of ultra-low power sensors“. Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10122.
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La forte demande et le besoin d’intégration hétérogène de nouvelles fonctionnalités dans les systèmes mobiles et autonomes, tels que les mémoires, capteurs, et interfaces de communication doit prendre en compte les problématiques d’hétérogénéité, de consommation d’énergie et de dissipation de chaleur. Les systèmes mobiles intelligents sont déjà dotés de plusieurs composants de type capteur comme les accéléromètres, les thermomètres et les détecteurs infrarouge. Cependant, jusqu’à aujourd’hui l’intégration de capteurs chimiques dans des systèmes compacts sur puce reste limitée pour des raisons de consommation d’énergie et dissipation de chaleur principalement. La technologie actuelle et fiable des capteurs de gaz, les résistors à base d’oxyde métallique et les MOSFETs (Metal Oxide Semiconductor- Field Effect Transistors) catalytiques sont opérés à de hautes températures de 200–500 °C et 140–200 °C, respectivement. Les transistors à effet de champ à grille suspendu (SG-FETs pour Suspended Gate-Field Effect Transistors) offrent l’avantage d’être sensibles aux molécules gazeuses adsorbées aussi bien par chemisorption que par physisorption, et sont opérés à température ambiante ou légèrement au-dessus. Cependant l’intégration de ce type de composant est problématique due au besoin d’implémenter une grille suspendue et l’élargissement de la largeur du canal pour compenser la détérioration de la transconductance due à la faible capacité à travers le gap d’air. Les transistors à double grilles sont d’un grand intérêt pour les applications de détection de gaz, car une des deux grilles est fonctionnalisée et permet de coupler capacitivement au canal les charges induites par l’adsorption des molécules gazeuses cibles, et l’autre grille est utilisée pour le contrôle du point d’opération du transistor sans avoir besoin d’une structure suspendue. Les transistors monoélectroniques (les SETs pour Single Electron Transistors) présentent une solution très prometteuse grâce à leur faible puissance liée à leur principe de fonctionnement basé sur le transport d’un nombre réduit d’électrons et leur faible niveau de courant. Le travail présenté dans cette thèse fut donc concentré sur la démonstration de l’intégration 3D monolithique de SETs sur un substrat de technologie CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) pour la réalisation de la fonction capteurs de gaz très sensible et ultra basse consommation d’énergie. L’approche proposée consiste à l’intégration de SETs métalliques à double grilles dans l’unité de fabrication finale BEOL (Back-End-Of-Line) d’une technologie CMOS à l’aide du procédé nanodamascene. Le système sur puce profitera de la très élevée sensibilité à la charge électrique du transistor monoélectronique, ainsi que le traitement de signal et des données à haute vitesse en utilisant une technologie de pointe CMOS disponible. Les MOSFETs issus de la technologie FD-SOI (Fully Depleted-Silicon On Insulator) sont une solution très attractive à cause de leur pouvoir d’amplification du signal quand ils sont opérés dans le régime sous-le-seuil. Ces dispositifs permettent une très haute densité d’intégration due à leurs dimensions nanométriques et sont une technologie bien mature et modélisée. Ce travail se concentre sur le développement d’un procédé de fonctionnalisation d’un MOSFET FD-SOI comme démonstration du concept du capteur de gaz à base de transistor à double grilles. La sonde Kelvin a été la technique privilégiée pour la caractérisation des matériaux sensibles par le biais de mesure de la variation du travail de sortie induite par l’adsorption de molécules de gaz. Dans ce travail, une technique de caractérisation des matériaux sensibles alternative basée sur la mesure de la charge de surface est discutée. Pour augmenter la surface spécifique de l’électrode sensible, un nouveau concept de texturation de surface est présenté. Le procédé est basé sur le dépôt de réseaux de nanotubes de carbone multi-parois par pulvérisation d’une suspension de ces nanotubes. Les réseaux déposés servent de «squelettes» pour le matériau sensible. L’objectif principal de cette thèse de doctorat peut être divisé en 4 parties : (1) la modélisation et simulation de la réponse d’un capteur de gaz à base de SET à double grilles ou d’un MOSFET FD-SOI, et l’estimation de la sensibilité ainsi que la puissance consommée; (2) la caractérisation de la sensibilité du Pt comme couche sensible pour la détection du H[indice inférieur 2] par la technique de mesure de charge de surface, et le développement du procédé de texturation de surface de la grille fonctionnalisée avec les réseaux de nanotubes de carbone; (3) le développement et l’optimisation du procédé de fabrication des SETs à double grilles dans l’entité BEOL d’un substrat CMOS; et (4) la fonctionnalisation d’un MOSFET FD-SOI avec du Pt pour réaliser la fonction de capteur de H[indice inférieur 2].Abstract : The need of integration of new functionalities on mobile and autonomous electronic systems has to take into account all the problematic of heterogeneity together with energy consumption and thermal dissipation. In this context, all the sensing or memory components added to the CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) processing units have to respect drastic supply energy requirements. Smart mobile systems already incorporate a large number of embedded sensing components such as accelerometers, temperature sensors and infrared detectors. However, up to now, chemical sensors have not been fully integrated in compact systems on chips. Integration of gas sensors is limited since most used and reliable gas sensors, semiconducting metal oxide resistors and catalytic metal oxide semiconductor- field effect transistors (MOSFETs), are generally operated at high temperatures, 200–500 °C and 140–200° C, respectively. The suspended gate-field effect transistor (SG-FET)-based gas sensors offer advantages of detecting chemisorbed, as well as physisorbed gas molecules and to operate at room temperature or slightly above it. However they present integration limitations due to the implementation of a suspended gate electrode and augmented channel width in order to overcome poor transconductance due to the very low capacitance across the airgap. Double gate-transistors are of great interest for FET-based gas sensing since one functionalized gate would be dedicated for capacitively coupling of gas induced charges and the other one is used to bias the transistor, without need of airgap structure. This work discusses the integration of double gate-transistors with CMOS devices for highly sensitive and ultra-low power gas sensing applications. The use of single electron transistors (SETs) is of great interest for gas sensing applications because of their key properties, which are its ultra-high charge sensitivity and the ultra-low power consumption and dissipation, inherent to the fundamental of their operation based on the transport of a reduced number of charges. Therefore, the work presented in this thesis is focused on the proof of concept of 3D monolithic integration of SETs on CMOS technology for high sensitivity and ultra-low power gas sensing functionality. The proposed approach is to integrate metallic double gate-single electron transistors (DG-SETs) in the Back-End-Of-Line (BEOL) of CMOS circuits (within the CMOS interconnect layers) using the nanodamascene process. We take advantage of the hyper sensitivity of the SET to electric charges as well from CMOS circuits for high-speed signal processing. Fully depleted-silicon on insulator (FD-SOI) MOSFETs are very attractive devices for gas sensing due to their amplification capability when operated in the sub-threshold regime which is the strongest asset of these devices with respect to the FET-based gas sensor technology. In addition these devices are of a high interest in terms of integration density due to their small size. Moreover FD-SOI FETs is a mature and well-modelled technology. We focus on the functionalization of the front gate of a FD-SOI MOSFET as a demonstration of the DGtransistor- based gas sensor. Kelvin probe has been the privileged technique for the investigation of FET-based gas sensors’ sensitive material via measuring the work function variation induced by gas species adsorption. In this work an alternative technique to investigate gas sensitivity of materials suitable for implementation in DG-FET-based gas sensors, based on measurement of the surface charge induced by gas species adsorption is discussed. In order to increase the specific surface of the sensing electrode, a novel concept of functionalized gate surface texturing suitable for FET-based gas sensors are presented. It is based on the spray coating of a multi-walled-carbon nanotubes (MW-CNTs) suspension to deposit a MW-CNT porous network as a conducting frame for the sensing material. The main objective of this Ph.D. thesis can be divided into 4 parts: (1) modelling and simulation of a DG-SET and a FD-SOI MOSFET-based gas sensor response, and estimation of the sensitivity as well as the power consumption; (2) investigation of Pt sensitivity to hydrogen by surface charge measurement technique and development of the sensing electrode surface texturing process with CNT networks; (3) development and optimization of the DG-SET integration process in the BEOL of a CMOS substrate, and (4) FD-SOI MOSFET functionalization with Pt for H[subscript 2] sensing.
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Zalas, Pierre. „Småföretag och nyttan av att utveckla open source - en fallstudie“. Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20635.
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Open source eller öppen källkod innebär att vem som helst kan se, justera och dela koden. Företag, organisationer och individer investerar såväl tid som resurser att utveckla open source-projekt, där majoriteten av projekten inte genererar någon form av ekonomisk vinning. Pocketsize är en Malmöbaserad webbyrå som har utvecklat ett front-end ramverk vid namn Bolts samt ett automatiseringsverktyg vid namn Toolbelt som avses släppas som open source.Denna studie syftar till att bidra med kunskap om vad det är som driver småföretag, idella organisationer eller individer till investera tid i att utveckla open source-projekt. Därmed har en fallstudie på webbyrån Pocketsize i Malmö gjorts där en analys av ramverket Bolts och verktyget Toolbelt, utvecklat av Pocketsize, har genomförts. Detta för att erhålla kunskap om varför Pocketsize väljer att släppa de open source. Teori och tidigare forskning presenterar aspekter som motiverande faktorer och drivkrafter bakom utveckling av open source-projekt. Studien har har antagit ett kvalitativt perspektiv där observationer och semistrukturerade intervjuer har gjorts för att kartlägga handlingsmönster och för att återge hur en individ tänker och resonerar kring ämnet. Resultatet redogör för hur utvecklare ofta skapar en produkt utifrån sina egna behov samt hur känslan av altruism och att viljan att ”ge tillbaka” till open source-communityt är några av de största motiverande faktorer och drivkrafter bakom att bidra till open source-projekt.Open source or open source-code means that anyone can view, adjust and share the code. Companies, organizations and individuals invest their time and resources to develop open source projects, where the majority of projects doesn’t even generate any kind of financial gain. Pocketsize is a Malmö based web agency that has developed a front-end framework called Bolts as well as an automation tool called Toolbelt intended to be released as open source.This study aims to contribute knowledge of what drives small businesses, non-profit organizations or individuals to invest time and resources in developing open source projects. Therefore, a case study has been made at the web development agency Pocketsize in Malmö, where an analysis of the Bolts framework and Toolbelt automation tool that Pocketsize has developed has been conducted. In an attempt to understand why Pocketsize chooses to release them as open source. Theory and previous research presents aspects as motivational factors and driving forces behind the development of open source projects. The study has adopted a qualitative perspective where observations and semi structured interviews have been made to map action patterns and to reflect how an individual contemplates on the subject. The result states that developers often create aproduct based on their own needs and how a feeling of altruism and the willingness to “pay it forward” to the open source community are some of the major motivatiors and driving forces behind contributing to open source projects.
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Narayanaswamy, Sathyanarayanan. „Development of VHDL behavioral models with back annotated timing“. Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06112009-063442/.
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Pisaneschi, Maria L. „Significance of the European Investment Bank“. [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000298.
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Claffey, Heather I. „BRINGING THE WONDER OF NATURE BACK TO EARLY CHILDHOOD CLASSROOMS“. CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/328.
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Current research suggests that time spent in nature benefits all aspects of children’s development. However, children are spending little time outdoors. Additionally, there are few preschool programs that recognize the outdoors as an extension of the traditional classroom and even fewer college courses and training programs that specifically address outdoor education. The purpose of this project was to educate early childhood teachers about nature’s benefits and provide them with the knowledge necessary to implement their own outdoor classrooms. The trainings focused on seven topics related to the importance and development of an outdoor classroom: introduction to the outdoor classroom, benefits of nature and the consequences of its removal, developmental theories related to children’s learning outdoors, outdoor curriculum and activities, teacher engagement, outdoor assessment, and implementing an outdoor classroom. Pre- and post‑training assessments indicated that the training increased teachers’ perceived knowledge about outdoor classrooms, their likelihood of engaging in positive teaching behaviors outdoors, and their confidence regarding the implementation of an outdoor classroom. Overall, the trainings accomplished the desired effect of educating teachers on the importance of an outdoor classroom. However, few of the teachers who initially signed up for the training completed the four sessions. Future trainings might consider offering larger incentives, condensing the number of sessions and information provided, and/or including center directors and administrators as participants in order to recruit more participants and increase the likelihood that outdoor classrooms will be implemented at more centers.
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Ameen, Farhad. „The economics of the Grameen Bank“. Diss., This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-144855/.
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Steele, Mariah L. „Talking back: a qualitative study of reflective writing in a first-year college composition classroom“. Diss., University of Iowa, 2015. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5998.
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Though scholars have discussed how reflective writing can benefit students in college-level writing classes, little research has focused on students’ perceptions of this kind of writing. This study examines the curriculum of a particular first-year writing course, as well as student reflective writing that was created for the class. Research questions focus on how students used reflective writing to articulate their understandings of audience and academic discourse, two curricular concerns that tend to be prevalent in first-year writing courses. To answer these questions, I studied examples of student reflective essays, conducted interviews with eight students, and maintained researcher field notes. I analyzed this data using discourse analysis to understand how the institution constructed itself, students, and me. I also explored how students used language to engage in particular building tasks associated with writing for particular audiences and engaging in particular academic discourses. My findings suggest that students perceive that reflective writing can lead to opportunities for expanded dialogues between students and teachers, and can facilitate student learning of academic discourse.
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Perry, DeAnna M. „Navigating the Changing Face of Beginning Reading Instruction: Am I Right Back Where I Started?“ BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3146.
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This self-study explores my experience as a beginning reading teacher over a span of more than 30 years. It includes a brief look at theoretical models of reading and philosophical movements that impacted my experience as a classroom teacher and then lays my classroom experience and practice against the literature and historical background related to beginning reading instruction. The question studied is "How did the district-mandated curriculum in each era shape me as a literacy teacher and literacy instruction in my school context?" The purpose of the study is to unearth the impact of educational policies on my classroom practice. The methodology of self-study was employed to explore the tensions brought about as changes occurred. The study focuses on seven areas of educational change that influenced my practice in beginning reading instruction over three eras, the first being the late 1970s, the second the late 1990s, and the third beginning about 2008. The areas discussed include embedded beliefs about student achievement, mechanisms driving instruction, instructional approaches employed, reading program characteristics, assessment, professional development, and collaboration. All three eras contained experiences of personal and professional growth. In the first era, autonomy was a characteristic of almost every theme. The second era was characterized by the purposeful focus on professional development and support of student growth. The third era featured an increase in assessment and oversight of the mandated program implementation. Teacher capacity built in the second era enhanced my use of the commercial reading program mandated in the third era. While my current context seems similar to the first era, because of the richness of my experience, I am not right back where I started.
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Avachat, Upendra Sureshchandra. „DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPARENT AND CONDUCTING BACK CONTACTS ON CdS/CdTe SOLAR CELLS FOR PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL APPLICATION“. Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2889.
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The development of devices with high efficiencies can only be attained by tandem structures which are important to the advancement of thin-film photoelectrochemical (PEC) and photovoltaic (PV) technologies. FSEC PV Materials Lab has developed a PEC cell using multiple bandgap tandem of thin film PV cells and a photocatalyst for hydrogen production by water splitting. CdS/CdTe solar cell, a promising candidate for low-cost, thin-film PV cell is used as one of the thin film solar cells in a PEC cell. This research work focuses on developing various back contacts with good transparency in the infrared region (~750 - 1150 nm) for a CdS/CdTe solar cell. CdS/CdTe solar cells were prepared with three different configurations, Glass/SnO2:F/CdS/CdTe/ZnTe:Cu/ITO/Ni-Al (series 1), Glass/SnO2:F/CdS/CdTe/Cu2Te/ITO/Ni-Al (series 2), Glass/SnO2:F/CdS/CdTe/Br-Me etching/Cu/ITO/Ni-Al (series 3). The back contact preparation process for a CdS/CdTe solar cell involves the deposition of a primary p-type back contact interface layer followed by the deposition of transparent and conducting ITO and a Ni-Al outer metallization layer. Back contact interface layers were initially optimized on glass substrates. A ZnTe:Cu layer for a series 1 cell was deposited using hot wall vacuum evaporation (HWVE). Cu2Te and Cu thin films for series 2 and series 3 cells were deposited by vacuum evaporation. HWVE technique produced highly stoichiometric ZnTe:Cu thin films with cubic phase having {111} texture orientation. All the back contact interface layers demonstrated better transparency in the infrared region on glass substrate. Formation of crystalline phase and texture orientation were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The composition was analyzed by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). Transparency measurements were carried out by optical transmission spectroscopy. Thickness measurements were carried out using a DEKTAK surface profile measuring system. Finally, completed solar cells for all the series were characterized for current-voltage (I-V) measurements using the I-V measurement setup developed at the FSEC PV Materials Lab. The PV parameters for the best series 1 cell measured at an irradiance of 1000 W/m2 were: open circuit voltage, Voc = 630 mV, short circuit current, Isc = 7.68 mA/ cm2, fill factor, FF = 37.91 %, efficiency, ç = 3.06 %. The PV parameters for the best series 2 cell measured were: Voc = 690 mV, Isc = 8.7 mA/ cm2, FF = 45.19 %, ç = 4.8 %. The PV parameters for the best series 3 cell measured were: Voc = 550 mV, Isc = 9.70 mA/ cm2, FF = 42.25 %, ç = 5.63 %. The loss in efficiency was attributed to the possible formation of a non-ohmic contact at the interface of CdTe and back contact interface layer. Decrease in the fill factor was attributed to high series resistance in the device.M.S.M.S.E.
Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering;
Engineering and Computer Science
Materials Science and Engineering
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Liu, Hui. „The Development of a Water Quality Model in Baltimore Harbor, Back River, and the Adjacent Upper Chesapeake Bay“. W&M ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617784.
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Ketema, Emebet Woku. „The role of the World bank Regulations and programmes in reducing poverty in Ethiopia“. Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2007. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_4315_1256896680.
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Despite some gains in economic reforms and international commitments, Ethiopia still maintains the position of one of the poorest countries in the world in the 21st century with very little power to influence the allocation of reources in the world market. The development problems in many of the sub-saharan regions are confined within the countyry including the difficulty to keep up with rapid increase in the number of primary school enrollments, which has led to a situation of compromised quality
high child mortality and HIV/AIDS, which poses additional challenges to the poor health facilities, gender and regional inequalities and sustainable debt burden. Making matters worse, Ethiopia's political instability, civil war, recurring of drought, and economic mismanagement ties the country to a severe poverty cycle.. Ethiopia has made important economic, social and political reforms with the support of the World bank and other multilateral institutions, to pave the way for the country to face the challenges posed by globalization. However, these reforms have not been sustained by effective implementation. The response to overcome the problemshas also been slow to see rapid growth. In this research paper, the writer explores the challenges regarding Ethiopia's poverty from perspective of the World Bank. The research examines the theoretical and conceptual underpinning of the World Bank's general mandate and objectives on poverty reduction, using Ethiopia as acase study.
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Monkam, Nara Françoise Kamo. „The money-moving syndrome and the effectiveness of foreign aid“. unrestricted, 2008. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-05072008-123507/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2008.Title from file title page. Jorge L. Martinez-Vazquez, committee chair; Roy W. Bahl, Shiferaw Gurmu, John S. Duffield, committee members. Electronic text (178 p. : ill (some col.)) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed July 8, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 170-177).
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Bailey, Jane M. „An exception to the rule: Bank Street College of Education as an independent professional school (1916-1990)“. W&M ScholarWorks, 1991. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539618437.
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This historical case study of Bank Street College of Education examines the organizational arrangement of an independent professional school as an alternative to standard college/university-based schools of education. Bank Street College of Education claims to be a school with a clear, purposeful mission that is organized in a free-standing arrangement. This study tests the efficacy of that claim by looking at five criteria for schools of education: clear mission, strong leadership, consonant external relations, mission-supported research, and strong structure; over five periods of time.;Using Burton Clark's (1971) theory of organizational saga and Grant and Riesman's (1978) notion that an organization uses its distinctiveness to generate necessary resources, Bank Street College was examined to see if and how it has maintained a distinctive mission.;It was discovered that Bank Street has a strong, operable institutional saga supported by the charismatic leadership of the founding leader, Lucy Sprague Mitchell. It was also found that environmental congruence has strengthened the philosophical mission of the College, but has diffused the operationality of the mission. Although Bank Street offers an interesting alternative to standard college/university-based schools of education, its dependence on external funding makes its mission vulnerable to dilution.;Further research is needed to investigate the environmental vulnerability of mission-specific organizations.
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Maki, Dana Mohamed Ali Khalil Ebrahim. „The development of a physiotherapist-led pain management programme for low back pain in Bahrain“. Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2016. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-development-of-a-physiotherapistled-pain-management-programme-for-low-back-pain-in-bahrain(e3af05d5-7113-4919-912d-3b68a7906286).html.
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Background: Low back pain (LBP) is associated with pain-related beliefs, coping strategies and anxiety and depression. Culture is known to affect the pain experience through language, beliefs, and attitudes. Most investigations into the effectiveness of pain management programmes (PMP) that aim to reduce emotional distress and unhelpful beliefs, encourage activity and participation and promote long-term self-management have been carried out in Western countries. This has implications for implementing PMPs for LBP in Bahrain. Methods: Five studies were conducted: 1) a systematic review of studies assessing for determinants and predictors of self-reported LBP disability in non-Western cultures. In Bahrain 2) translation, cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric testing of the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), Back Beliefs Questionnaire (BBQ) and Pain Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ); 3) a cross-sectional survey of factors associated with LBP disability; and 4) a qualitative exploration of beliefs and experiences of patients living with LBP were carried out to inform 5) feasibility and acceptability testing of a physiotherapist-led PMP. Results: 1) The systematic review identified 12 studies from eight non-Western countries. Evidence was strong for fear-avoidance beliefs having a low association with LBP disability. Evidence was moderate for a moderate association between LBP disability and pain intensity, and no association with symptom duration. 2) The translated and cross-culturally adapted Arabic RMDQ, BBQ and CSQ were comprehensible, acceptable, valid and reliable self-report outcome measures. Their psychometric properties were comparable to other versions. 3) The cross-sectional survey (n=199) showed age, gender, pain intensity, back pain-related beliefs, fear-avoidance beliefs, ability to ignore pain, control pain and decrease pain, depression and anxiety explained 34.7% of the variance in LBP. 4) Five themes emerged from the qualitative study (n=18); i) loss of independence and change of identity causes distress; ii) beliefs and attitudes towards low back pain; iii) trying to cope with LBP; iv) experiences within the healthcare system; and v) participants’ assessments of their needs. 5) Feasibility testing of the PMP (n=23) showed 16 participants completed the programme, and 9 (60.0%) were retained at 6 months. Participants found the intervention credible and acceptable. At 6 months, LBP disability, pain intensity, back-pain beliefs, the ability to reinterpret pain sensations, fear-avoidance beliers about work and depression scores indicated better outcomes. However 6 month scores also indicated higher catastrophising, fear-avoidance beliefs about physical activity and anxiety levels. Conclusions: The experiences of Bahraini patients with LBP were similar to findings reported in the Western literature; however some factors differed due to the influence of Muslim Arab culture. The results encourage the use of a culturally-modified biopsychosocial approach to pain management in Bahrain, and other cultures. Therefore, culturally-specific factors such as differences in the LBP experiences between genders, culturally-specific examples and activities, religious coping strategies, and use of catastrophic expressions were taken into consideration when designing the PMP. Participants found the intervention credible and acceptable, but as in Western PMPs, there were high attrition rates. Changes such as the incorporation of value-based goals and the use of booster phone calls are suggested to improve adherence and facilitate behaviour change. The results of this thesis warrant further investigation into the effectiveness the physiotherapist-led PMP in Bahrain for LBP.
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Ruzindana, Mark William. „Digital Signal Processing Algorithms Implemented on Graphics Processing Units and Software Development for Phased Array Receiver Systems“. BYU ScholarsArchive, 2021. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8987.
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Phased array receivers are a set of antenna elements that are capable of forming multiple simultaneous beams over a field of view. In radio astronomy, the study of deep space radio sources, a phased array feed (PAF) is placed at the focus of a large dish telescope that spatially samples the focal plane. PAFs provide an increase in the field of view as compared to the traditional single pixel horn feed, thereby increasing survey speed while maintaining low sensitivity. Phased arrays are also capable of radio frequency interference (RFI) mitigation which is useful in both radio astronomy and wireless communications when detecting signals in the presence of interferers such as satellites. Digital signal processing algorithms are used to process and analyze data provided by phased array receivers. During the commissioning of the Focal-plane L-band Array feed for the Green Bank telescope (FLAG), sensitivity consistent with an equivalent system temperature below 18 K was measured. To demonstrate the astronomical capability of the receiver, a pulsar (PSR B2011+38) was detected, and an HI source (NGC4258) was mapped with the real-time beamformer and fine channel correlator, respectively. This work also details improvements made to the software of the FLAG digital backend such as the design and implementation of an algorithm to remove scalloping ripple from the spectrum of two cascading polyphase filter banks (PFB). This work will also provide a brief introduction to a model-based beam interpolation algorithm capable of increasing spatial resolution of radio source maps as well as reducing time spent performing calibration. The development of a phased array receiver digital back end for the Office of Naval Research (ONR) is also detailed. This broadband system will be capable of communication in hostile RFI-rich environments with the aid of a real-time RFI mitigation algorithm currently implemented in software. This algorithm will be compatible with other PAF receiver systems and will enable RFI mitigation in other applications such as radio astronomy. This work will provide details on the implementation of this algorithm, the development and modification of other system software as well as full system tests of the 150 MHz bandwidth receiver have been conducted and will be shown in this document.
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Costella, Cecilia V. „Participatory Development in Social Funds: A Case Study of the Peruvian Social Fund“. Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9273_1298890144.
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This research aims to assess the role of Social Funds&rsquo
organizational and institutional characteristics for community participation processes in development projects. The research is based on a case study of the Peruvian Social Fund, FONCODES, and utilizes a qualitative data collection approach. It mainly relies on semi-structured interviews with FONCODES&rsquo
staff and community members, unstructured interviews with experts, and analysis of operational documents. The research concludes that several organizational and institutional characteristics affect community participation in FONCODES projects but the direction of this influence depends on how specific areas of the organization&rsquo
s context are structured as well as on political variables in the institutional environment.
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Nybo, Jeffrey M. „Development of a GPU-Based Real-Time Interference Mitigating Beamformer for Radio Astronomy“. BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7749.
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Radio frequency interference (RFI) mitigation enables radio astronomical observation in frequency bands that are shared with many modern satellite and ground based devices by filtering out the interference in corrupted bands. The present work documents the development of a beamformer (spatial filter) equipped with RFI mitigation capabilities. The beamformer is intended for systems with antenna arrays designed for large bandwidths. Because array data post processing on large bandwidths would require massive memory space beyond feasible limits, there is a need for a RFI mitigation system capable of doing processing on the data as it arrives in real-time; storing only a data reduced result into long term memory. The real-time system is designed to be implemented on both the FLAG phased array feed (PAF) on the Green Bank telescope in West Virginia, as well as future radio astronomy projects. It will also serve as the anti-jamming component in communications applications developed for the United States office of naval research (ONR). Implemented on a graphical processing unit (GPU), this beamformer demonstrates a working single step filter using nVidia's CUDA technology, technology with high-speed parallelism that makes real-time RFI mitigation possible.
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Ahmad, Sardar. „An Overview of Progress towards RBM Objectives and MDGs Concerning Malaria in the Americas: A Comparative Analysis of Data from the Years 2000 and 2005“. restricted, 2007. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11082007-140711/.
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Thesis (M.P.H.)--Georgia State University, 2007.Title from file title page. Derek G. Shendell, committee chair; Michael P. Eriksen, Ike S. Okosun, committee members. Electronic text (84 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed May 20, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 80-82).
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Knierim, Sean Paul Rector Mônica. „Literatures of urban development World bank literature and the chronicles of Rio de Janeiro and Mexico City /“. Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,759.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007.Title from electronic title page (viewed Dec. 18, 2007). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of English and Comparative Literature." Discipline: English; Department/School: English.
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Landon, Jonathan Charles. „Development of an Experimental Phased-Array Feed System and Algorithms for Radio Astronomy“. BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2794.
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Phased array feeds (PAFs) are a promising new technology for astronomical radio telescopes. While PAFs have been used in other fields, the demanding sensitivity and calibration requirements in astronomy present unique new challenges. This dissertation presents some of the first astronomical PAF results demonstrating the lowest noise temperature and highest sensitivity at the time (66 Kelvin and 3.3 m^2/K, respectively), obtained using a narrowband (425 kHz bandwidth) prototype array of 19 linear co-polarized L-band dipoles mounted at the focus of the Green Bank 20 Meter Telescope at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) in Green Bank, West Virginia. Results include spectral line detection of hydroxyl (OH) sources W49N and W3OH, and some of the first radio camera images made using a PAF, including an image of the Cygnus X region. A novel array Y-factor technique for measuring the isotropic noise response of the array is shown along with experimental measurements for this PAF. Statistically optimal beamformers (Maximum SNR and MVDR) are used throughout the work. Radio-frequency interference (RFI) mitigation is demonstrated experimentally using spatial cancelation with the PAF. Improved RFI mitigation is achieved in the challenging cases of low interference-to-noise ratio (INR) and moving interference by combining subspace projection (SP) beamforming with a polynomial model to track a rank 1 subspace. Limiting factors in SP are investigated including sample estimation error, subspace smearing, noise bias, and spectral scooping; each of these factors is overcome with the polynomial model and prewhitening. Numerical optimization leads to the polynomial subspace projection (PSP) method, and least-squares fitting to the series of dominant eigenvectors over a series of short term integrations (STIs) leads to the eigenvector polynomial subspace projection (EPSP) method. Expressions for the gradient, Hessian, and Jacobian are given for use in numerical optimization. Results are given for simulated and experimental data, demonstrating deeper beampattern nulls by 6 to 30dB. To increase the system bandwidth toward the hundreds of MHz bandwidth required by astronomers for a fully science-ready instrument, an FPGA digital backend is introduced using a 64-input analog-to-digital converter running at 50 Msamp/sec and the ROACH processing board developed at the University of California, Berkeley. International efforts to develop digital back ends for large antenna arrays are considered, and a road map is proposed for development of a hardware correlator/beamformer at BYU using three ROACH boards communicating over 10 gigabit Ethernet.
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Kim, Doo-Il. „Development and application of integrated ozone contactor design and optimization tools“. Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007, 2007. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-05182007-120642/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.Jae-Hong Kim, Committee Chair ; Philip J.W. Roberts, Committee Member ; E. Michael Perdue, Committee Member ; Sotira Yiacoumi, Committee Member ; Thorsten Stoesser, Committee Member.
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Packer, Rhiannon A. J. „Welsh medium education in south east Wales, 1949-1962 : a critical analysis of development“. Thesis, University of South Wales, 1998. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/welsh-medium-education-in-south-east-wales-19491962(7e7d6e1d-95fc-40d8-bac9-01c6311c9598).html.
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Concern for the maintenance of the Welsh language has increased since the middle years of the twentieth century and the demand for educational provision is a reflection of this. The use of education as a means to promote the status of a minority language in a bilingual community is a social phenomenon which is paralleled in other places and has considerable research interest. Minority groups often invoke the development of schools which work in the medium of their local language. Such programmes attempt to reverse language shifts which affect the status of minority groups adversely. They have a significant cultural and political dimension as the resulting schools offer a protected linguistic domain for children and young people and tend in consequence to increase the vitality of the given language. These matters have been widely researched in Wales and elsewhere, though few studies of the educational and social development of the bilingual child have considered the contribution of these programmes to the sociological status of the language concerned even though it is recognised that increased use of a minority language in natural daily communication is an effective empowerment of its users in the surrounding community. This study begins to address this omission. It examines a critical phase in the emergence of Welsh medium schools in the anglicised region of south eastern Wales between 1949 and, when the first Welsh medium schools was established in the old county of Glamorgan, and 1962, when the first secondary school was established. The establishment of the schools is discussed in relation to concurrent economic, social, and educational developments and the linguistic trends which permeated the local environment. The study considers the first stages of development in south eastern Wales which reflects aspects of a developing consciousness of the language issue which has become a significant feature of public debate some forty years later. It is noted that the movement began at a late stage of a complex historical process in the attempt to preserve the immediate family and cultural values and that it has since expanded to a wider section of the community. The eventual success of the Welsh medium school movement has contributed to subsequent changes in official and public attitudes to the Welsh language. While the political and legal changes embodied in the Welsh Language Act of 1994 lie well beyond the scope of this discussion, its argument suggests that the early phase of the schools movement embedded a factor which has contributed critically to the shaping of contemporary Welsh awareness.
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Igwesi-Chidobe, Chinonso Nwamaka. „Development and preliminary evaluation of a self-management programme for people with non-specific chronic low back pain in rural Nigeria“. Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2017. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/development-and-preliminary-evaluation-of-a-selfmanagement-programme-for-people-with-nonspecific-chronic-low-back-pain-in-rural-nigeria(301292be-3085-4be7-9da1-5f14c1bd055d).html.
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Background: There is currently no access to effective treatment of low back pain (LBP) in rural Nigeria despite its significant burden in this context. This increases disability, deepens poverty, and reinforces rural-urban inequality. Evidence from developed countries suggests that psychosocial factors are associated with chronic low back pain (CLBP) disability, but no research has examined these factors in rural Nigeria. This PhD aims to explore the biopsychosocial factors associated with CLBP disability in rural Nigeria, and then develop and test the feasibility of an intervention to address them. Methods: Six studies were conducted as part of this PhD. Two qualitative studies to explore the experiences of people living with CLBP (Study 1), and the management of CLBP (Study 2) in rural Nigeria. The cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric testing of measures to assess any suggested biopsychosocial factors (Study 3). A cross-sectional survey to investigate the biopsychosocial factors associated with CLBP disability in rural Nigeria (Study 4). A systematic review to assess the intervention components to improve acceptability of exercises and physical activity behaviour in people with chronic non-communicable diseases in Africa (Study 5). The development of an exercise-based self-management programme (SMP) to target biopsychosocial factors associated with CLBP disability in rural Nigeria, and then conduct a feasibility study of this programme (Study 6). Results: Study 1 found maladaptive beliefs and coping strategies, emotional distress and disability among individuals with CLBP. Study 2 showed that CLBP was predominantly managed within a biomedical model. Study 3 found that the adapted measures were reliable and valid for use in rural Nigeria. Study 4 showed that psychosocial factors explained 63% and 49% of the variance in self-reported and performance-based CLBP disability respectively. Study 5 suggested that behavioural rehearsal/practice, habit formation, and restructuring the physical and social environment improved the acceptability of exercises, and physical activity behaviour. Study 6 found that the SMP was feasible and acceptable to participants, and had potential in terms of clinical (biopsychosocial) outcomes. Conclusions: This PhD has enabled the identification of the biopsychosocial factors associated with CLBP disability in rural Nigeria, and the development of a novel intervention that shows promise in addressing them.
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Silva, de Souza Rodrigo. „The construction of risk : how 'actors' construct the concept of 'risk' in practice in a Brazilian development bank“. Thesis, University of Roehampton, 2016. https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/the-construction-of-risk(f367a456-7c73-4011-969b-891159af98b5).html.
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The ‘technology’ of risk structures social relationships within and outside of organisations, even though risk tends to be perceived externally as objective, neutral and apolitical. In adopting a poststructuralist perspective, this research investigates the impact of ‘calculating’ risk and how cultural, economic, social, psychological and political aspects influence the concept of risk and risk management practices. Hence, it provides a contextualized understanding of how risk and risk management are constructed intra-organisationally. This is a study of risk based on immersion. After six months of critical ethnographic fieldwork in a Brazilian development bank, called BrazBank, and applying the Discourse Theory of Laclau and Mouffe as well as the Logic of Critical Explanation of Glynos and Howarth, this research contextualises and challenges the universal logic of the discourse of ‘risk’, from a regulatory point of view. This research links macro- and micro-discourses of risk to reveal its ‘hidden power’ and to provide a glimpse into the fundamental contingencies in this discourse of control. It considers that the potential multiple interpretations of risk allows the construction of a hegemonic discourse, with boundaries that constitute and subvert certain claims in a rhetorical historic (re-)articulation of power. By doing so, it exposes how a technology that was supposed to simplify and enable, creates miscommunication in an organisation. ‘Risk’ became a battleground as controlling the understanding of risk, meant control of the organisation. Therefore, reflecting shifts in the international macro-context of risk regulation, the power of risk shifted between departments and their managers over political mandates and empowered and constructed experts and non-experts. This research illustrates different articulations of risk in the BrazBank context, how different individuals and groups developed competing interpellations of risk and, by examining the role of ideology, how and why certain conceptions of risk management practice were conserved, even as an illusion or secret, to maintain hierarchical positions and power imbalances.
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Venard, Asongayi. „The Impact of World Bank’s Conditionality-Ownership Hybrid on Forest Management in Cameroon: Policy Hybridity in International Dependence Development“. Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2349.
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Many developing countries depend on the World Bank for development assistance, which the Bank often provides with policy reform conditions. Resistance to World Bank’s conditionality caused the Bank to posit “ownership” as a country’s real assent to its development policies. The combination of ownership and conditionality invalidates the neocolonial, false-paradigm and dualism theses in explaining the international dependence development model. This study explains this model by investigating how the relationship between conditionality and ownership in the context of this model impacts forest management in Cameroon.
Integrating theoretical and methodological insights mainly from political science, economics, geosciences, and sociology, the study finds that in this model, conditionality and ownership have a hybrid relationship that fosters and hinders effective forest management in Cameroon. This finding positions policy hybridity within this model. It proposes a nouvelle way to understand international development policies’ interactions, and the effects of the interactions on natural resource management.
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Hardy, Sam. „The 23-26 September 2012 UK floods : influence of diabatic processes and upper-level forcing on cyclone development“. Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-2326-september-2012-uk-floods-influence-of-diabatic-processes-and-upperlevel-forcing-on-cyclone-development(7331bff8-e536-4446-bacf-701aca158c2b).html.
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The thesis comprises two separate journal articles that together form a coherent body of work. In this thesis, the key physical processes responsible for the 23-26 September 2012 UK floods are investigated using a case study approach. The cyclone responsible for the floods developed near the Azores on 20¬-22 September following the interaction between an equatorward-moving potential vorticity (PV) streamer and tropical storm Nadine. Convectively-driven latent heat release associated with the developing cyclone reduced upper-level PV and resulted in the fracture of the PV streamer into a discrete anomaly as the cyclone intensified. In Paper 1, convection-permitting model simulations and diabatic heating rate and PV tendency calculations along trajectories demonstrate that deposition heating strongly reduced upper-level PV in the vicinity of the PV streamer, contributing to its fracture into a discrete anomaly. The cyclone deepened further over the UK on 23-26 September, ahead of a second upper-level PV anomaly. In Paper 2, sensitivity simulations of the storm are presented. PV inversion is used to modify the strength and position of the PV anomaly in the initial conditions and to examine whether the event could have been even more extreme with different upper-level forcing. Results show that quasigeostrophic forcing for ascent ahead of the PV anomaly contributed to the maintenance of the rainfall band over the UK. Counterintuitively however, strengthening the upper-level forcing produced a shallower cyclone with lower rainfall totals. Instead of moving eastward over the UK to interact with the cyclone, the strengthened anomaly rotated cyclonically around a large-scale trough over Iceland, resulting in a fragmented rainfall band. The counterintuitive results suggest that the verifying analysis represents almost the highest-impact scenario possible for this flooding event.
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Yaduma, Natina. „Essays on econometric analyses of economic development and effects on health, environmental damage and natural resource depletion“. Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/essays-on-econometric-analyses-of-economic-development-and-effects-on-health-environmental-damage-and-natural-resource-depletion(e9a56791-6ded-4a32-bac3-5132238d2876).html.
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The main part of this thesis is composed of three separate chapters, each using an innovative approach to analysing externalities from economic activity. The general introduction and overall conclusion sections complete the structure of the thesis. Chapter one examines the value of statistical life, an essential parameter used in ascribing monetary values to the mortality costs of air pollution in health risk analyses. This willingness to pay estimate is virtually non-existent for most developing countries. In the absence of local estimates, two major benefit transfer approaches lend themselves to the estimation of the value of statistical life: the value transfer method and the meta-regression analysis. Using Nigeria as a sample country, we find that the latter method is better tailored than the former for incorporating many characteristics that vary between study sites and policy sites into its benefit transfer application. It is therefore likely to provide more accurate value of statistical life predictions for very low-income countries. Employing the meta-regression method, we find Nigeria’s value of statistical life estimate to be $489,000. Combining this estimate with dose response functions from the epidemiological literature, it follows that if Nigeria had mitigated its 2006 particulate air pollution to the World Health Organisation standards, it could have avoided at least 58,000 premature deaths and recorded an avoided mortality related welfare loss of about $28 billion or 19 percent of the nation’s GDP for that year. The second chapter applies the quantile fixed effects technique in exploring the CO2 environmental Kuznets curve within two groups of economic development (OECD and Non-OECD countries) and six geographical regions – West, East Europe, Latin America, East Asia, West Asia and Africa. A comparison of the findings with those of the conventional fixed effects method reveals that the latter may depict a flawed summary of the prevailing income-emissions nexus depending on the conditional quantile examined. We also extend the Machado and Mata decomposition method to the Kuznets curve framework to explore the most important explanations for the carbon emissions gap between OECD and Non-OECD countries. We find a statistically significant OECD-Non-OECD emissions gap and this contracts as we ascend the emissions distribution. Also, had the Non-OECD group the incomes of the OECD group, the former would pollute 26 to 40 percent more than the latter ceteris paribus. The decomposition further reveals that there are non-income related factors working against the Non-OECD group’s greening. We tentatively conclude that deliberate and systematic mitigation of current CO2 emissions in the Non-OECD group is required. The final chapter employs the Arellano-Bond difference GMM method in investigating the oil curse in OECD and Non-OECD oil exporting countries. Empirical studies investigating the natural resource curse theory mostly employ cross-country and panel regression techniques subject to endogeneity bias. Also, most of these studies employ GDP in its aggregate or per-capita terms as the outcome variable in their analyses. However, the use of GDP measures of income for resource curse investigations does not portray the true incomes of resource intensive economies. Standard national accounts treat natural resource rents as a positive contribution to income without making a corresponding adjustment for the value of depleted natural resource stock. This treatment, inconsistent with green national accounting, leads to a positive bias in the national income computations of resource rich economies. Our paper deviates from most empirical studies in the literature by using the Arellano-Bond difference GMM method. We test the robustness of the curse in the predominantly used measures of national income, GDP, by investigating the theme in genuine income measures of economic output as well. We employ two alternative measures of resource intensity in our explorations: the share of oil rents in GDP and per-capita oil reserves. Our results provide evidence of the curse in Non-OECD countries employing aggregate and per-capita measures of genuine income. On the other hand, we find oil abundance to be a blessing rather than a curse to the OECD countries in our sample.
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Bukari, Zakaria Hamza Zakaria. „Performance management and local government administration in Ghana : the case of the District Development Facility and the Functional Organisational Assessment Tool“. Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/performance-management-and-local-government-administration-in-ghana-the-case-of-the-district-development-facility-and-the-functional-organisational-assessment-tool(1f70942d-902a-44e5-bacd-4b87f6fced05).html.
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For the past two decades, interest in the performance of local governments has become high in public management. The wave of performance consciousness has thus far diffused from developed countries to developing countries where decreasing public confidence and trust in government has made the implementation of performance management policies a way of improving public perception of government performance. Meanwhile, the implementation of such policies is often based on untested assumptions some of which constitute gaps in the literature. For instance, it is understood that performance management systems enable public organisations that provide services to satisfy citizens’ demand for services. It is also assumed that mechanisms for managing organisational performance recognise and address the interests of multiple stakeholders in an organisational environment and that once performance management systems generate performance information, decision makers are likely to use that information to advance the goals of their organisations. This study explores these assertions by investigating performance management practices of local government authorities in Ghana. It sets out to understand how local governments manage organisational performance and what shapes their performance. It also examines the scope of a performance enhancing policy to determine whether it addresses multiple perspectives of organisational performance and the extent to which local government managers use performance information to improve service delivery. The study adopts a qualitative research approach by using data from interviews, focus group discussions, observations and documents to construct and interpret research findings. This research identified internal and external mechanisms for managing local government performance and found that central-local government relations allows the former to influence the latter’s priorities by imposing on them, the national development policy, in ways that define development planning, performance reporting and local government controls. Following Kaplan and Norton (1992), a Balanced Score Card framework was used to examine the scope of performance indicators used to assess the performance of local governments under the District Development Facility. The findings reveal that performance indicators tend to be skewed towards financial and internal organisational aspects of performance rather than incorporating citizens’ views about local government performance or promoting organisational learning, innovation and accountability. The findings offer insights for re-examining multiple principal-agent relationships at the local government level where the assessment of local government performance excludes the opinions of local residents and affects local governments’ accountability to citizens. Although developing a culture of performance emerged as a key factor for improving local government performance, the findings revealed that the use of performance information by local government managers to make decisions on service delivery depends on the importance of performance information, their commitment to central government’s priorities, reporting requirements of externally funded projects and public service motivation. This study concludes that the utilisation of performance information to improve service delivery is necessary but not sufficient without adopting an all-inclusive, citizen-centred approach woven into the formulation, implementation and evaluation of performance management systems in a developing country context.
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Osina, Nataliia. „Essays on international capital flows and macroprudential oversight“. Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/essays-on-international-capital-flows-and-macroprudential-oversight(368eba1b-cd9a-44c2-8708-ed61a0383147).html.
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This thesis presents three essays on the main determinants and regulations of international capital flows. The essays contribute to an ongoing significant debate among scholars and practitioners on what determines international capital flows by examining the following issues: Global liquidity, market sentiment and financial stability indices; Global liquidity and capital flow regulations; and Global governance and gross capital flows dynamics. In the first essay, we explore the main determinants of global liquidity, measured using cross-border claims of banks, and establish the link between a variety of financial stability indices and global liquidity. For a sample of 149 countries between 2000 and 2016, we find that Bloomberg Financial Stability Indices are more powerful in explaining global liquidity than FRED Financial Stress Indices and the Euro Area Systemic Stress Composite Indicator (CISS). Moreover, both market sentiment indices, namely the US Conference Board Leading Economic Index (LEI) and the US IBD/TIPP Economic Optimism Index are economically and statistically significant on cross-border bank flows. The research provides useful insights on what market sentiment and financial stability indices are better to employ for financial markets surveillance and as such practice of investment management. We argue that anyone interested in using financial stability indices as indicators of financial conditions and the level of financial stress would benefit from tracking several indices and not just one. The second essay examines the effectiveness of capital controls and macroprudential policies as ways to manage the volume of international capital flows, controlling for other determinants. The findings show that capital controls imposed on inflows generally prevail over controls imposed on outflows in reducing the magnitude of capital flows. The results are consistent with the pecking order theory on capital flows and are connected with the riskiness of different asset classes. For a sample of 112 countries over 2000 and 2016, we find that FX and/or countercyclical reserve (RR_REV) and general countercyclical capital buffer requirements (CTC), reserve requirement ratios (RR) and concentration limits (CONC) are the most effective macroprudential policies for managing countries' exposures to global liquidity fluctuations. Moreover, progress is being made to reduce the systemic risks created by systemically important financial institutions (SIFIs) using macroprudential policies. The results reflect recent developments in Basel III regulations and shed light on the effective calibration of capital flow regulations to country-specific circumstances. The final essay examines the link between global governance indicators and patterns of gross capital flows, controlling for other determinants. For a sample of 67 countries between 2000 and 2016, we contribute to explain the existence of the Lucas paradox (1990) on "why doesn't capital flow from rich to poor countries" and the Feldstein-Horioka puzzle (1980). The findings show that institutional quality rather than the effect of diminishing returns of capital is a key explanation for the Lucas paradox. Finally, we provide new evidence on the relationship between the multidimensional nature of financial development and gross capital flows. The findings show the importance and predominance of financial institutions versus financial markets in the dissemination of international capital flows across counties.
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Chang, Wei-Chun, und 張維峻. „Development of Back-End Platform for Internet of Vehicles with Business Applications and End-User Functions“. Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ecnstv.
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碩士國立臺灣海洋大學
電機工程學系
103
With increasingly matured mobile network technology, the concept of IoT and cloud computing can also have more diverse applications. Internet of Vehicle is extended from the application of the IoT providing a platform for real-time information and collect vehicles and personnel information and link back-end server systems. The system enhances the speed of the car booking service and back-end fleet management to reduce time waiting. It makes car dispatching and management processes more environmentally-friendly and smarter. This thesis focuses on implementation of a commercial vehicle using back-end Web-based management system connecting to front-end hardware to collect information and by comparing with the Baidu Maps API for the display of real-time location of vehicle and real-time traffic conditions. Through location parsing function, the system can provide personnel an identifiable interface including broadcasting capability for delivering real-time information to dispatch reference for driver, warning capability that set driving range, speed and time in order to avoid unexpected situations. The system also possesses a reporting capability that may provide services evaluation and other commercial purposes by the backend users. A Model-View-Controller design patterns is implemented in the system, which separate each concern points to improve system scalability and ease of maintenance. Also by adding WebScoket application, a true two-way asynchronous communication channel can be created, breaking the previous Comet mechanism to reduce the load and improve the overall fluency and server load. The proposed work can provide multi-interface systems integration which can bridge and strengthen the commercial applicability of the overall system and enhanced system value.
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Lin, Wei-Xiang, und 林偉翔. „Development of Back-End System for a Management Information System of Animal Hospital“. Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59615040402423729040.
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碩士義守大學
資訊管理學系
104
Using management information systems (MISs) could effectively improve the efficiency of operating and managing an enterprise in information society. Nowadays many MISs designed for specific purposes are adopted by information staff in enterprises. These MISs include Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Point Of Sale (POS), Customer Relationship Management (CRM), etc. However, the MISs that are developed for some emerging enterprises are rare. In this study, the back-end system of an existing MIS for animal hospitals is analyzed to clarify the shortcomings of the system, so that a new back-end system could be developed to improve these shortcomings. The major improvements are (1) Simplification of operation processes: Many complicated operations, which consist of a series of manipulation steps, are redesigned to be simplified and efficient. (2) Integration of diverse functions as well as elimination of unnecessary functions: The functions of the new system are designed for medium/small animal hospitals by integrating diverse functions and eliminating unnecessary functions. (3) Improvements of user interface: The new user interface is designed to meet the requirement of pastel-colored user interface as well as to meet the requirement of screen resolution adjustment. Finally, the new system does not support the medicine-related functions since the development of these functions are more complicated and requires medicine knowledge. For the future study the medicine-related functions may be explored and developed, and the extension of the system to operate on tablet platforms is also considered so that the system usability can be improved accordingly.
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Zhou, Shi-Zhen, und 周詩振. „Development of a Computer Measurement and Control System for Back-end Processes of Automobile Electromagnetic Relays“. Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25476841551473974891.
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碩士建國科技大學
自動化工程系暨機電光系統研究所
102
Many automobile electromagnetic relay manufacturers lack automated assembling and measurement equipment, and the assembly and measurement processes can only rely on handwork. Thus, not only the cost in both time consuming and man power is large, but also the production speed is very slow and the product quality is quite unstable. Therefore, the main purpose of this thesis is to develop a computer measurement and control system for automated assembly and measurement of automobile electromagnetic relays. It can help manufacturers automate the production process and promote production speed and product quality. The developed computer measurement and control system in this thesis employs the distributed monitoring and control system architecture which consists of a RS485 bus, a personal computer (PC) and several self-designed PIC control modules being include measurement and driving circuits, and the PC plays the role of master controller and the PIC control modules play the roles of slave controllers. Besides, the developed software include the monitoring and control program in PC designed by using LabVIEW package and the control, measurement and communication programs in the PIC modules. The experiments approve that the developed system not only can functionally approach the automation in assembly and measurement, but also can successfully transmitte measured datum to PC and save them as the usage of product resume. Furthermore, the measurement function can implement force sustain test on electrical terminal and electrical characteristic measurement for the Car-used electromagnetic relay.
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Huang, Ching-Wen, und 黃敬文. „The Key Factors Study of R&D Development on Semiconductor Back End Automation Equipment Agent – A Case Study on H Company“. Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/n9gcgv.
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碩士國立中山大學
高階經營碩士班
97
Over the past decades, the development of Taiwan semiconductor industry has been based on the list of scientific and technological power. Early in this process, the required technologies, machines and equipments, most of them rely on the introduction of domestic agents. However, with changes in the industry, market size has become larger, many new agents set up new company to compete authorities of new products agency. Case company is also a trend to follow the ensuing wave of growth, and introduce many IC packaging and testing equipments to many customers throughout all of Taiwan''s packaging and testing companies. On IC inspection and handler machines, case company win more than ninety percent market share. With the entire package and testing market maturity, as well as many competitors to join, resulting in agential commission income decreased. At the national policy, the government started to encourage domestic manufacturers to develop and produce equipment to enhance industrial competitiveness. In order to meet the market demand, case company used the original equipment to be modified and carried out the development of new machine. The entire project lasted for two years, although the final outcome did not succeed, but the course of events revealed some clues. It is worth follow-up reference. In this study, a tool for organizational learning - learning history is used for the entire research and analysis. The results of this study found many key factors of R&D development on semiconductor back end automation equipment agent. 1. Agents to develop R&D are among the first to face two different types of business. 2. Agents that attach more importance to short-term interests. 3. The main work culture of agents- business-oriented. 4. The active involvement of executives. 5. The work style of agents is partial bottom-up and form small groups. 6. The rule of man''s management style. 7. Emphasis on avoiding conflict and cultural harmony. These key factors are usually associated with the company''s culture and management model. In order to develop R&D, agents need to clarify these fundamental issues and a consensus. Looking forward to the results of this study can be helpful for agents of Taiwan semiconductor back end automation equipment.
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Aguiar, Paulo Filipe Nunes. „Dashboard for collecting and depicting the marine megafauna presence“. Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.13/3563.
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While more and more technologies and software are being created and applied for the ocean setting,
most of them still remain at high cost, and hinder the data to wider public. Understanding the
marine biodiversity can be achieved through numerous ways, however, there is a lack of consensus
and operability when depicting the marine megafauna population. Moreover, Deep Learning (DL)
techniques are becoming accessible to wider population, and there is a potential of exposing them
to the marine biologists, involving them to participate in public web-based dashboards, depicting
those data.
This dissertation addresses such issues, by providing an interactive dashboard, capable of fa cilitating the classification, prediction and deeper analysis of marine species. Using the State of
Art (SoA) Machine Learning (ML) techniques for image vision, and providing the interactive vi sualizations, this thesis seeks to provide a less cumbersome apparatus for marine biologists, who
can participate further in data gathering, labelling, depicting, ecological modelling, and potential
calls for action.
In further, this dissertation document provides the aquatic dashboard functionality using
Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) techniques and interactive means to ease the upload, clas sification, and visualization of collected marine taxa, with a case study on marine megafauna
imagery (e.g. whales, dolphins, sea birds, seals and turtles). As it will be hereinafter described,
marine biologists, as end users, will evaluate of the proposed dashboard.Todos os dias surgem novas tecnologias e softwares que podem ser aplicados no ecossistema marinho, sendo que a maioria destas permanecem com um custo elevado, dificultando assim o acesso ao público em geral. O conhecimento deste sistema e de toda a biodiversidade nele existente, pode ser alcançado de diversas formas, no entanto, existe uma falta de consenso e operacionalidade ao descrever a população de megafauna. Além disto, técnicas de aprendizagem automática como o deep learning, permanecem acessíveis a uma população mais ampla, e existe o potential do envolvimento de profissionais da área, mais conhecidos como biólogos marinhos, para participar na criação e usabilidade de plataformas conhecidas como dashboards. Esta tese tem como função debater estas questões, fornecendo um dashboard interativo, capaz de facilitar a classificação, previsão e análise mais profunda das espécies marinhas. Usando técnicas de aprendizagem automática de última geração, para informação visual em imagens, e fornecer interfaces visuais muito interativas, esta tese procura fornecer uma ferramenta simples para os biólogos marinhos, podendo assim participar na recolha de dados, rotulagem, modelação ecológica e possíveis pedidos de alerta. A dissertação produzirá um dashboard funcional, utilizando técnicas de Interação Humano Computador (HCI) e meios interativos para facilitar o carregamento de dados, a classificação e visualização da fauna marinha coletada (p.ex. baleia, golfinho, ave marinha, foca e tartaruga). Como será descrito durante este manuscrito, biólogos marinhos, como utilizadores finais, irão participar na avaliação deste proposto dashboard.
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Scott, Deana Jill Allen. „What’s in their backpacks : pre-kindergartners’ literacy practices from home to school and back“. Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2010-12-2233.
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Pre-kindergarten students often arrive the first day of school carrying a backpack filled with supplies which they are eager to use. Inside these backpacks are scissors, glue, and crayons. This study proposes that the pre-kindergartners are also carrying another backpack, their literacy backpack holding all of their literacy skills and practices that they use every day at home. This qualitative case study examined these literacies brought from home in the students’ figurative literacy backpacks. The study also focused on their teachers’ literacy views and practices. The study was conducted in three parts. First, through field observations and interviews with parents, the literacy practices occurring at home were identified and examined. Unique “literacy stories” were crafted from the data for each of the pre-kindergartners and shared with their parents. Part two of the study examined the two pre-kindergarten teachers’ literacy practices through semi-structured interviews. The impact of external forces (e.g. state and federal mandates, school curriculum, grant requirements, and trainings) on the views and practices of the pre-kindergarten teachers was discussed. These external forces stress the development of formal literacies, thus modeling a narrow definition of literacy. Part three of the study focused on sharing the students’ “literacy stories” with their teachers and examining the teachers’ reactions to the stories. Data from the interviews following reading the stories pointed to the teachers’ acknowledging the multiple literacies found in the homes of their students and a desire to learn more about their families’ literacy practices in order to utilize them in the classroom. The students’ “literacy stories” proved to be a valuable tool in expanding the teachers’ definition of literacy. The stories helped the teachers broaden their views of literacy to include literacy practices that occur in many different cultural and social contexts; adopting a definition more in line with the socio-cultural development of literacy and the NLS concepts (Street, 2003). Using this definition, multiple literacies will be made visible in the classrooms and connections from home to school can be made allowing students to strengthen their existing literacies and expand them to incorporate other literacies.text
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Swamy, Raja Harish. „Disaster capitalism : tsunami reconstruction and neoliberalism in Nagapattinam, South India“. Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-05-3461.
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This dissertation examines the impacts of the tsunami of 2004 on economic development priorities in Nagapattinam, South India. By focusing on the manner in which the disaster was cast as an opportunity by the state and multilateral agencies, the unprecedented scale and ambiguous character of involvement by NGOs in reconstruction, and the distinction drawn between economic development and humanitarian aid in the constitution of a reconstruction agenda predicated on the relocation of artisanal fisher communities from the coast, this study demonstrates how post-disaster outcomes are increasingly being shaped by priorities tied to neoliberal globalization. At the same time the processes that unfold are also characterized by significant complexities particularly on account of efforts by affected populations to deploy various strategies to defend their interests, and substantive differences in the approach of NGOs.text
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Britain-Renecke, Cézanne. „Potential alternative sources of funding South Africaâs land redistribution programme in its agricultural sector“. Thesis, 2011. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_5348_1366188206.
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