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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Avions – Carburants – Environnement“
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Dissertationen zum Thema "Avions – Carburants – Environnement"
Cantegril, Thomas. „Étude de l’électrisation de gouttes de carburant aéronautique“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ESMA0031.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aviation sector must address major environmental challenges in the coming decades. To reduce its environmental impact, ambitious targets have been set by organizations such as ACARE, aiming for carbon neutrality by 2050. These goals include a 90% reduction in nitrogen oxide emissions compared to 2000, a 55% decrease in CO₂ emissions by 2030 relative to 1990, as well as a reduction in fine particulate matter and contrail formation. Achieving these objectives requires improvements in combustion within engines, location of the main source of these emissions. One key optimization lever is atomization, which could controls the distribution of kerosene in the combustion chamber. Effective atomization minimizes fuel-rich zones, thereby reducing the formation of fine particles. Currently, aerodynamic systems generate fine droplets using air jets and calibrated orifices. A promising alternative is electro-atomization, which utilizes strong electric fields to produce droplets.This thesis explores electro-atomization and its potential for the aviation industry. The electrical properties of two fuels—a kerosene and a substitute mixture of dodecane and ethanol—are analyzed at different temperatures, focusing on their electrical conductivity and permittivity. These properties provide insights into the charging behavior of dielectric liquids.A dedicated experimental setup has been developped to study droplet production at low flow rates under high voltage. The influence of flow rate and voltage on droplet size and charge is analyzed, with the objective to approach the Rayleigh charge limit, a threshold at which a droplet explodes into finer droplets, potentially enhancing combustion. This analysis also examines the balance between electric forces and surface tension in droplet formation
Gaillot, Tiphaine. „Évaluation de l’impact des émissions aériennes sur le changement climatique : développement de la méthode d’Analyse du Cycle de Vie et recommandations pour la sélection de carburants alternatifs“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2023SORUS538.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGiven the increase in demand from the aviation sector and its emissions, we need to assess the impact of aviation on the environment. This thesis focuses on the impact of aviation emissions on climate change. This category is the most impacted by subsonic aircraft. Various levers have been deployed to mitigate this impact, including the incorporation of alternative fuels. The Life Cycle Assessment method is the one used in this work. The aim is to assess all emissions having a direct and indirect impact on climate change during a long-haul or short-haul, for the fossil fuel Jet A-1, and alternative jet fuels such as FT-SPK (paraffinic kerosene from Fischer-Tropsch synthesis) and hydrogen. As most of the fuel is burnt at high altitude during the cruise phase and the majority of emissions have a greater impact at cruising altitudes, we first look at the nature of emissions at high altitude and their impact on climate change, based on GWP (global warming potential) at different time horizons. The assessment of high-altitude emissions for different types of jet fuel over 20 and 100-year time horizons illustrated the crucial role of short-lived climate forcers, especially nitrogen oxides and contrails-cirrus. In a second stage, the scope of the air transport assessment has been extended to include the airport, the aircraft, and the production and use of the fuel. These results demonstrate the importance of high-altitude emissions and the production phase in the complete assessment. The thesis concludes with an assessment of the impact of emissions during the use and production phase of fuel mix in 2050, based on the different energy demands specific to the of the International Energy Agency (IEA) report published in 2022. The development of low-emission processes, as well as changes in behavior and the implementation of specific sobriety policies, are essential to reducing the environmental impact of the aviation sector
Rojo, Escude-Cofiner Carolina. „Impact environnemental des aérosols formés dans les panaches d'avions : modélisation et application à l'utilisation de carburants alternatifs“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAF047/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAircraft emit important amounts of particulate and gaseous matter in the atmosphere contributing on the one hand to local air pollution and on the other hand to the atmospheric radiative forcing and to climate change. Introducing alternative fuels in aviation can be considered as a viable option to reducing the impact of aviation, being economically and environmentally sustainable. These selected biofuels tend to have lower aromatic and sulphur contents inducing a simultaneous reduction in sulphuric acid and soot emissions. However modifying the nature and composition of the fuel used can entail unexpected consequences. It is therefore essential to study and determine the evolution of aerosols in the aircraft plume. To manage this task, a microphysical trajectory box, previously tested with standard kerosene, has been developed. After an assessment concerning the typical emissions from the combustion of biofuels in aviation, simulations have been undertaken in order to predict aerosol evolution. Several microphysical processes have been revised such as droplet homogeneous freezing or the behaviour of organic compounds
Bücher zum Thema "Avions – Carburants – Environnement"
Palmer, Walter J. Will Sustainability Fly?: Aviation Fuel Options in a Low-Carbon World. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenPalmer, Walter J. Will Sustainability Fly?: Aviation Fuel Options in a Low-Carbon World. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenWill Sustainability Fly?: Aviation Fuel Options in a Low-Carbon World. Taylor & Francis Group, 2015.
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