Inhaltsverzeichnis
Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Auto-organisation des nanoparticules“
Geben Sie eine Quelle nach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard und anderen Zitierweisen an
Machen Sie sich mit den Listen der aktuellen Artikel, Bücher, Dissertationen, Berichten und anderer wissenschaftlichen Quellen zum Thema "Auto-organisation des nanoparticules" bekannt.
Neben jedem Werk im Literaturverzeichnis ist die Option "Zur Bibliographie hinzufügen" verfügbar. Nutzen Sie sie, wird Ihre bibliographische Angabe des gewählten Werkes nach der nötigen Zitierweise (APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver usw.) automatisch gestaltet.
Sie können auch den vollen Text der wissenschaftlichen Publikation im PDF-Format herunterladen und eine Online-Annotation der Arbeit lesen, wenn die relevanten Parameter in den Metadaten verfügbar sind.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Auto-organisation des nanoparticules"
Gharbi, Ines. „Films cristal liquide polymérisés et auto-organisation de nanoparticules d’or“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS286.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe study composite systems liquid crystals / polymers / nanoparticles. We use liquid crystal distortions to control the induced nanoparticle organization and also the polymerization of liquid crystal matrices that ensures the stability of the composites and allows to diversify the imaging and optical characterization techniques. First of all, we are interested in nematic and cholesteric liquid crystal films, with and without polymer, in the absence and in the presence of nanoparticles, the latter being chosen as spherical gold nanoparticles of diameter 6nm. Subsequently, we were interested in the polymerization of the so-called smectic oily streaks. The comparison between the different behaviors of the nanoparticles when isolated in solution or gathered and self-organized on a PVA substrate without liquid crystal (LC) or on a substrate with nematic or cholesteric LC, allowed us to understand how the nanoparticles and the matrix interact to reach the final structure of the composite system, characterized by new optical properties of the nanoparticles. We have established how a nematic matrix allows to preserve an almost perfect hexagonal order for gold nanoparticles deposited on the surface, while bringing them closer to each other (induced compression of the monolayer formed) to decrease disorder and distortion induced in the matrix, which significantly shifts the plasmon resonance of the gold nanoparticles. We have also demonstrated that the nanoparticles induce a change of orientation of the nematic molecules towards a tilted orientation, accompanied by a dewetting phenomenon of the matrix on top of the nanoparticles. The transition from a nematic matrix to a cholesteric matrix preserves the hexagonal order of the compressed monolayer for the nanoparticles but with an enhanced disorder, locally induced by the larger elastic distortion close to the air/interface and more specifically at the bottom of the undulations of the cholesteric matrix, which was evidenced by a simulation of a frustrated cholesteric between the two anchoring, planar on PVA and homeotrope with air. The cholesteric modulation structure acts as a mold so that the nanoparticles reproduce on the mesoscopic scale the cholesteric texture at the interface by forming ribbons that perfectly mimic the cholesteric modulations. We again evidence a phenomenon of dewetting, but smaller than for the nematic, in relation with the localization of the nanoparticles in the cholesteric tilted areas above the region of strong cholesteric splay distortion. Within the same cholesteric matrix, the increase of the concentration of nanoparticles causes a profound change in the optical properties of the nanoparticles. We show that it is related to the establishment of new structures for the nanoparticles, always induced by the modulated structure of cholesteric, which, in return is only slightly modified. As the concentration increases, one passes from a monolayer of highly disordered and compressed two-dimensional labyrinths up to 3D structures (aggregates) of controlled size and shape. The optical properties are modified in relation with a strong strengthening of the electromagnetic interaction between nanoparticles. The nanoparticles occupy the overall surface of the cholesteric modulations, which no longer play the role of mold, but are found to be truncated at the surface by the presence of nanoparticles. The fact that the modulated cholesterics is only poorly modified highlights the robustness of this cholesteric structure, but also the combined influence of the cholesteric elastic distortions and of the nanoparticle-induced anchoring on the nanoparticle organization and in return on the induced optical properties. Moreover, concerning the polymerization of smectic oily streaks, we have succeeded to preserve the smectic A texture in the nematic phase, in relation with the creation of a particularly robust polymer skeleton that mimics the initial smectic texture
Bertino-Ghera, Bernard. „Synthèse et auto-organisation de cyclodextrines aphiphiles fluorées, vers des applications biomédicales“. Lyon 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO10321.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work concerns the synthesis of new cyclodextrins substituted by perfluoroalkyl chains. The introduction of such chains should lead these new amphiphilic molecules capable of self-assembly in aqueous media, to an increase of their stability as carriers for medicinally active substances, and to an improvement of drug availability of encapsulated bio-actives molecules. The first part of this work treats the synthesis these new modified macrocycles. Cyclodextrins are functionnalized at the primary face by perfluoroalkylpropanethio- chains of different length (C4F9, C6F13 and C8F17). The number of these chains can be controlled (2, 4, 6 or 7). O-2, O-3 methylated analogues were prepared in order to improve the solubility of these derivatives in organic solvents. Alkylated cyclodextrin analogues were synthesized as reference compounds in order to determine the effect of the fluoroalkylated chains. In a second part, the self-organisation properties of these new amphiphilic cyclodextrins were studied. All these compounds self-assemble in the form of spherical nanospheres in water. The encapsulation efficiency of an anti-viral agent and drug release rates are discussed
Bitar, Rajaa. „Auto-organisation de nanoparticules d'or dans un cristal liquide cholestérique : élaboration, structure et propriétés optiques“. Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1565/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDuring my thesis, I worked on self-organization of gold nanoparticles (nps) in a cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC). This work consists of two parts. The first part is devoted to the study of the cholesteric matrix before the introduction of nps. For this, we realized many studies starting from preparing the open film to the characterization of complementary imaging methods, and a study of the optical response. During this study, we discovered a new scenario to change the color of a cholesteric without modifying the extrinsic and intrinsic parameters of the material. This color change is controlled only by the annealing time which induces a change in the distribution of the helical axis at the interface with air and which propagates in the volume when the annealing time increases. This detailed study has allowed us to propose a 3D representation of our system. The second part of my thesis deals with the introduction of gold nps in the cholesteric matrix using in the first part. We defined a simple protocol to mix the two bodies, and make a film of CLC-nps. The fact that our compounds can fix the structure below 50 °C, helped us to show self-organization of nps by electron micrograph (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In addition, we presented a multi-scale structural study going from the nanoscale to the macroscale, by additional imaging. These data do not exist in the literature even for neighboring systems, especially since most organizations studied were short scale and using microparticles. Finally, we defined the couple concentration of nps-film thickness CLC-nps as the parameters that control the self-organization of nps and decide of gold nanostructures obtained (fingerprints, double spirals, and targets)
Grumbach, Nathan. „Auto-organisation de molécules-aimants et de nanoparticules magnétiques sur des surfaces de copolymères dibloc“. Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA6259.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMagnetic information storage, used in hard disks notably, has not stopped evolving toward higher storage density. Current storage systems reach their physical and technological limits, and future improvements will necessarily consist in new materials and technologies. We have studied in this work two kinds of new magnetic nanometric objects, Single Molecule Magnets (SMM) and magnetic nanoparticles, both showing magnetic bistability at the isolated individual object. These materials could help overpass current limitations and make magnetic storage densities increase by up to five orders of magnitude. This work is focused on the multiscale organisation of these objects on a surface, with the aim of forming two dimensional organised networks. The nano-objects we considered can self-organize on a surface, but correlation lengths remain short. To control and propagate nanometric organisation up to macroscopic scales, we functionalize the surface using PS-PMMA block copolymer and use microphase separation in order to structure the surface in ten nanometers wide stripes. Oriented demixtion of the block copolymer is obtained via templated self-assembly, in our case by using a surface patterned with 100 to 200 nm wide channels. Then the magnetic nano-objects selectively self-organize in networks on the polymer stripes. Multiscale spatial organisation of nanometric objects is therefore possible by combining top-down lithographic and bottom-up self techniques. Experimental study of magnetic properties of organised monolayers of SMM is challenging and has been performed with Low Temperature XMCD. We have shown that Mn12-like SMMs remain structurally intact at the surface but that their magnetic properties are unfortunately lost. Still, other SMMs or magnetic gold nanoparticles remain interesting candidates for high density magnetic storage. Finally, we have shown that the organised deposition of these nano-objects can result in magnetic anisotropy, with a large range of potential applications
Lantiat, David. „Morphologie et auto-organisation de nanoparticules métalliques dispersées dans des matrices diélectriques : influence sur les propriétés optiques“. Phd thesis, Université de Poitiers, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00331903.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLantiat-Baillargue, David. „Morphologie et auto-organisation de nanoparticules d'argent dispersées dans les matrices diélectriques : influence sur les propriétés optiques“. Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Lantiat-Baillargue-David/2008-Lantiat-Baillargue-David-These.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this work is to adjust the spectral position of the surface plasmon resonance of noble-metal nanoparticles embedded in a dielectric matrix by tailoring their morphology and their spatial organization. We show that when the growth is performed on plane substrates, it is possible to modify the aspect ratio of the particles H/D, and thus their optical response by changing the nature of the matrix. Quantitative structural analyzes carried out by using high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electronic microscopy (HAADF-STEM) imaging reveal that H/D is a decreasing function of the diameter D, independently of the deposited metal amount. In order to understand these effects of the matrix on the structural and optical properties of the particles, various studies (influence of the metal and deposited amount, presence of a buffer layer, influence of the elaboration conditions, covering rate of the particles,. . . ) are presented and numerical simulations of the optical spectra are proposed by integrating the structural parameters from the HAADF analysis in a model of Yamaguchi. A second step consists in using nanostructured sapphire surfaces in order to induce a surface organization of the particles, and thus to involve an anisotropy of their optical properties. We show that according to the geometry used during the deposition (normal incidence, grazing incidence, orientation and angle of incidence of atomic flux), it is possible to select the type of facets on which the growth takes place (shadowing effect), and consequently to elaborate self-organized systems of metal nanoislands constituted of stripes or linear chains of particles, whose optical properties display a light-polarization dependence
Lantiat-Baillargue, David Girardeau Thierry Babonneau David Camelio Sophie. „Morphologie et auto-organisation de nanoparticules d'argent dispersées dans les matrices diélectriques influence sur les propriétés optiques /“. Poitiers : I-Médias, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/index.php?id=689.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAndreatta, Gaëlle. „Insertion et organisation de nanoparticules à l'intérieur de bicouches de tensioactifs déposées sur substrats solides“. Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00363331.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHajiw, Stéphanie. „Des interactions entre nanoparticules d’or hydrophobes à leur auto-assemblage“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS080/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAs many colloids, metallic nanoparticles grafted with hydrophobic ligands self-assemble above a volume fraction threshold and thus build superlattices. These model systems, which are widely studied when suspended in volatile oils, enable a better understanding of soft spheres self-assembly.Interactions which lead to self-assembly are commonly described by the combination of van der Waals attraction with interaction between the ligand shells. The shell behavior is controlled by the ligand affinity with the solvent. An effect of the solvent on the self-assembly of nanoparticles has already been observed. Using a small angle X-ray scattering, I measured, through the structure factor, the interactions between gold nanoparticles grafted with alkanethiols in different oils, at various concentrations, for different lengths of ligands and core diameters. I noticed an attractive interaction when using flexible linear alkanes as solvent. It has also been shown that the attraction intensity increases with the solvent length.In order to correlate the interactions between particles to their phase diagram, I studied the crystallization process by concentrating nanoparticles using evaporation in capillaries or Ostwald ripening in emulsions. I showed that attractive interactions induced by the solvent lead to superlattices formation at very low volume fractions.At high concentrations, the superlattice structure depends on the ratio of the ligand length over the gold core diameter. For a ratio around 0.7, the final structure observed is body centered cubic, whereas at lower concentration, it is face centered cubic. When this ratio is halved, an unexpected structure is observed. It is a hexagonal structure with a large lattice parameter. It has been analyzed as a Frank and Kasper’s phase named MgZn2 or C14. It is the first time that this topologically close-packed structure is observed for monodisperse soft spheres. The existence of this phase and the role of the ratio R have been interpreted by considering quantitatively the competition between ligands entropy and the strong van der Waals attraction
Postic, Marie. „Auto-organisation de matériaux multi-échelles par séchage : des mécanismes de retrait des ménisques dans un milieu poreux modèle à la cristallisation de nanoparticules“. Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1S127.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe multi-scale organization of materials can give them specific physical properties making them interesting devices for applications in many fields that include optics and bio-detection. It is possible to achieve a hierarchical organization of nanoparticles via the evaporation of a colloidal suspension on a micro-textured surface. This work focuses on the self-organization of multi-scale materials through the drying of complex fluids in a porous medium consisting of an assembly of regularly arranged micron-sized pillars. More specifically, we have studied experimentally the physical mechanisms behind the retraction of menisci that occurs during the drying of a solution of surfactants and leads to the formation of dried-liquid films between pillars. In addition, we have developed a simple model based on experimental observations that allows us to predict the evolution of most of the macroscopic features of the drying drop, that is, its area, its perimeter, and the morphology of the obtained films. Then, we studied the drying of suspensions containing quantum dots functionalized with amphiphilic molecules and we characterized the resulting material using several techniques, including small angle X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy. We conclude with a generalization of this technique to the drying of suspensions containing other particles such as gold nanorods and semiconducting nanorods