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1
Rutland, Suzanne D. „The Jewish Community In New South Wales 1914-1939“. University of Sydney, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/6536.
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2
Anderson, Zoe Melantha Helen. „At the borders of belonging : representing cultural citizenship in Australia, 1973-1984“. University of Western Australia. History Discipline Group, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0176.
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[Truncated abstract] This thesis offers a re-contextualisation of multiculturalism and immigration in Australia in the 1970s and 80s in relation to crucial and progressive shifts in gender and sexuality. It provides new ways of examining issues of belonging and cultural citizenship in this field of inquiry, within an Australian context. The thesis explores the role sexuality played in creating a framework through which anxieties about immigration and multiculturalism manifested. It considers how debates about gender and sexuality provided fuel to concerns about ethnic diversity and breaches of the 'cultural' borders of Australia. I have chosen three significant historical moments in which anxieties around events relating to immigration/multiculturalism were most heightened: these are the beginning of the 'official' policy of multiculturalism in Australia in 1973; the arrival of large numbers of Vietnamese refugees as a consequence of the Vietnam War in 1979; and 1984, a year in which the furore over the alleged 'Asianisation' of Australia reached a peak. In these years, multiple and recurring representations served to recreate norms as applicable to the white heterosexual family, not only as a commentary and prescriptive device for migrants, but as a means of reinforcing 'Australianness' itself. A focus on the body as a border/site of belonging and in turn, crucially, its relationship to the heterosexual nuclear family as a marker of 'cultural citizenship', lies at the heart of this exploration. Normative ideas of gender and sexuality, I demonstrate, were integral in informing the ambivalence about multiculturalism and ethnic diversity in Australia. Indeed, for each of these years I examine how the discourses of gender and sexuality, evident for example in parliamentary debates such as that relating to the Sex Discrimination Act 1984, were intricately tied to ongoing concerns regarding growing non-white ethnicity in Australia, and indeed, enabled it. ... In pursuing this contribution, the work draws critically upon recent innovative interdisciplinary scholarship in the field of sexuality and immigration, and draws upon a broad range of sources to inform a comprehensive and complex examination of these issues. Sources employed include the major newspapers and periodicals of the time, Parliamentary debates from the Commonwealth House of Representatives, Parliamentary Committee findings and publications, speeches and polemics, and relevant legislation. This inquiry is an interrogation of a key methodological question: can sexuality, in its workings through ethnicity and 'race', be used as a primary tool of analysis in discussing how whiteness and 'Australianness' reconfigured itself through normative heteropatriarchy in an era that claimed to champion and celebrate difference? How and why did ambiguities concerning 'Australianness' prevail, concurrent with progressive and generally politically benign periods of Australian multiculturalism? The thesis argues that sexuality through the construction of the 'good white hetero-patriarchal family' both informed, and enabled, the endurance of anxieties around non-white ethnicity in Australia.
3
Chooi, Cheng Yeen. „Blooding a lion in Little Bourke Street : the creation, negotiation and maintenance of Chinese ethnic identity in Melbourne“. Title page, contents and summary only, 1986. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARM/09armc548.pdf.
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Fouweather, Karen Helen. „Ten Pounds for Adults, Kids Travel Free: An essay on the effects of migration upon the children of the British migrants to Western Australia in the 1960s and 1970s ; and , The red pipe: a novella set in Port Hedland“. Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2013. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/688.
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This study comprises an essay entitled ‘Ten Pounds for Adults, Kids Travel Free’ and a creative component entitled ‘The Red Pipe: a Novella Set in Port Hedland’. The essay focuses upon the children of the ‘golden era’ of British migration to Australia, between 1961 and 1971, when over 300,000 arrived as part of an unprecedented post-war population drive. Most travelled under an assisted passage scheme in which adults paid £10 towards their fare and their children travelled free of charge. Consequently, these assisted British immigrants were known by Australians as the ‘Ten Pound Poms’. Two decades on from the introduction of the scheme, immigration motives had shifted from the desperation born of immediate post-war austerity to the heightened expectations of the increasingly affluent Sixties and Seventies. The vast majority of these later British migrants came in family units, for the future of their children was a major consideration for most of the parents. Many of them faced significant struggle settling in to what was promised to be a ‘British way of life’, whilst, in reality, Australia was becoming an increasingly multicultural and unfamiliar society. This study is distinctive in that it examines the long-term consequences of migration upon the lives of the British children. It seeks to acknowledge, but ultimately to shift the focus from, the decisions and achievements of the parents to their children, the ‘second generation’, who travelled for free. It also considers the ongoing ramifications of the migration decision, as the parents age and pass on and their children, themselves, become parents and grandparents. It does so by utilising the recollections of a focus group of 31 British migrants, who travelled to Australia during this period. Eleven of these participants were parents at the time of migration, whilst the remaining interviewees were aged under eighteen. This thesis has a predominant focus upon Western Australia, for most of the participants originally disembarked in Fremantle. Today, all except two live in this state. The key child protagonists of the creative component are both British child migrants who immigrated to Western Australia with their families during the late 1960s. The novella, entitled The Red Pipe, is loosely based upon the author’s childhood experience of Cyclone Joan’s visit to Port Hedland in 1975. Joan was the most destructive cyclone to affect the Pilbara district in over thirty years. Over eighty-five per cent of the buildings were damaged and the town was left without power and communications for days. The author spent a harrowing night waiting out the storm with her family, narrowly escaping injury when the cyclone breached the family home. Utilizing the perspectives of two pivotal child protagonists, the novella traces the circumstances, severity and aftermath of Cyclone Joan upon the town and its culturally eclectic inhabitants. This little-known, yet significant incident in the history of Western Australia is set in a geographically significant port town, at a time before the mining boom. The ferocity of nature upon an ancient and isolated landscape provides the catalyst for the resultant exploration of the tenacity of childhood, set against the inherent fragility of the nuclear family unit and interwoven with the transient nature of the migrant condition.
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Farreras, Morlanes Teresa. „East Timorese ethno-nationalism: search for an identity - cultural and political self-determination“. Phd thesis, University of Queensland, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/267386.
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This thesis is an examination of the development of
ethnic, cultural and national identity among the East Timor
people reaching Australia after the East Timor civil war of
August 1975 .
In the introduction I argue that ethnic and national
identity, or ethno-nationalism, is not a natural phenomenon
and that it can emerge at any moment in time owing to
specific historical, socio-economic or political
circumstances. I argue that during the 1974-1975 period the
Portuguese- Timorese mestieo (racially mixed) elite of East
Timer, principally those of Dili, of which the refugees are
representative, began developing specific ethnic and
nationalist ideologies in response to new political
circumstances offering the people the opportunity to assert
an all-embracing East Timorese identity.
The chapters which follow present data and analysis in
support of the initial argument and are directed to show that
a combination of theoretical approaches offer a better
rationale for the understanding of identity creation and
development.
In Chapters 2 and 3 I describe the refugees' historical,
socio-economic and political background and assert that
history is important for an understanding of the selective
representation of myths, symbols, ideologies and instrumental
tactics.
In Chapters 4, 5 and 6 I examine the development of
III
identity against the interplay of social order, power and
conflict. I direct the analysis towards the notion of
negotiation of an identity within global and local political
and social parameters. I examine political issues, contextual
problems, personal and group motives and the re-creation and
presentation of symbols, myths, ideas and beliefs.
Chapter 7 shows how the search for the legitimization of
an identity and political claims by nationalist individuals
and the group are directed by the intelligentsia 1 s
manipulation through the artistic media of specific
nationalist ideologies aimed at resolving the problems of the
present.
In Chapter 8 I discuss the role of the Catholic Church in
the politics of identity building, its position in relation
to the people's demands of historical and cultural
obligations, the dilemmas experienced by the Church in the
face of its own tenets and the institutionalized order, and
the people's teleological use of religion as techniques of
political resistance.
I conclude by reasserting that refugee populations such as
the East Timorese in having to re-stablish their lives in an
alien context would normally strive to function socially
according to their perceptions of priority needs, creating in
the process new subjective understandings. I stress that
this also demonstrates that it is paramount to direct the
analysis of ethno-nationalism through a combination of
diverse theoretical approaches and that in this form one can
better understand the whole set of the people's strategies
for identity survival.
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Davis, Jane. „Longing or belonging? : responses to a 'new' land in southern Western Australia 1829-1907“. University of Western Australia. History Discipline Group, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0137.
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While it is now well established that many Europeans were delighted with the landscapes they encountered in colonial Australia, the pioneer narrative that portrays colonists as threatened and alienated by a harsh environment and constantly engaged in battles with the land is still powerful in both scholarly and popular writing. This thesis challenges this dominant narrative and demonstrates that in a remarkably short period of time some colonists developed strong connections with, and even affection for, their 'new' place in Western Australia. Using archival materials for twenty-one colonists who settled in five regions across southern Western Australia from the 1830s to the early 1900s, here this complex process of belonging is unravelled and several key questions are posed: what lenses did the colonists utilise to view the land? How did they use and manage the land? How were issues of class, domesticity and gender roles negotiated in their 'new' environment? What connections did they make with the land? And ultimately, to what extent did they feel a sense of belonging in the Colony? I argue that although utilitarian approaches to the land are evident, this was not the only way colonists viewed the land; for example, they often used the picturesque to express delight and charm. Gender roles and ideas of class were modified as men, as well as women, worked in the home and planted flower gardens, and both men and women carried out tasks that in their households in England and Ireland, would have been done by servants. Thus, the demarcation of activities that were traditionally for men, women and servants became less distinct and amplified their connection to place. Boundaries between the colonists' domestic space and the wider environments also became more permeable as women ventured beyond their houses and gardens to explore and journey through the landscapes. The selected colonists had romantic ideas of nature and wilderness, that in the British middle and upper-middle class were associated with being removed from the land, but in colonial Western Australia many of them were intimately engaged with it. Through their interactions with the land and connections they made with their social networks, most of these colonists developed an attachment for their 'new' place and called it home; they belonged there.
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Radermacher, Ulrike. „Containerdeutsche : contemporary German immigration to Australia and Canada“. Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31156.
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This thesis is a comparative study of contemporary German migration to Australia and Canada, specifically to Sydney and Vancouver. It explores the dynamics of the migration process from a phenomenological point of view. All events and circumstances in the migration process are seen as interrelated, and therefore important to the analysis. Furthermore, the meaning of a phenomenon can only be understood by exploring its context. Therefore, this study views contemporary German migration in its various contexts—how it is displayed in the social science literature and manifested in government statistics, how it is presented as common sense, and how it is experienced by the migrants themselves. Thus, the phenomenological approach attempts to be holistic.
Using the phenomenologic-hermeneutic paradigm the thesis focuses on the subjective experiences of individuals; in terms of migrants' understanding of their own motivations, migration decisions, and the process of adjustment, and in terms of their understanding of other contemporary German migration experience.
The study examines the migration narratives of a sample of thirty Germans who have migrated, or are at some stage of the process of migrating, to either Australia or Canada over the last twenty-five years. The specific analysis and interpretation of these accounts are based on the hermeneutic philosophy of meaning and discourse. The sample interviews reveal two levels of conceptualization in the subjects' accounts. At one level all migrants talk in a way that can be characterized as representing "common knowledge". On another level, the interviewees interpret their own personal motivations and experiences in a way which does not correspond to common knowledge. Interviewees commonly described the Neueinwanderer (new immigrant) as wealthy, arrogant business migrants, but none of the interviewees described themselves in those terms. In
Australia it was commonly thought that Neueinwanderer have a difficult adjustment time, but most personal narratives related positive adjustment experiences. In Canada all interviewees believed that German immigrants had no great adjustment difficulties.
The major finding of this thesis is that the conventional notions of linearity and finality with respect to migration need to be re-evaluated in the social science literature, government policies and common sense. The phenomenologic discussion reveals that modern migration, at least for certain groups to certain countries, is not a linear, discrete and final process. Instead, this thesis argues that migration is best seen as a comprehensive, recursive process of decision making, action (legal application and geographic move) and adaptation to a new environment.Arts, Faculty of
Anthropology, Department of
Graduate
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O???Connor, Patricia Mary School of Biological Earth & Environmental Sciences UNSW. „The multiple experiences of migrancy, Irishness and home among contemporary Irish immigrants in Melbourne, Australia“. Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/23071.
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This study examines the experiences of post-1980 Irish immigrants in Australia using Greater Melbourne as a case study. It has three main but interrelated objectives. Firstly, it establishes the origins, characteristics, dynamics and outcomes of contemporary Irish migration to Australia. Secondly, it explores informants??? multiple experiences of Irishness in both Ireland and Australia. Thirdly, it examines how migrancy and identity issues were related to informants??? sense of belonging and home. Identity is approached in this study from a constructivist perspective. Accordingly, identity is conceptualised as dynamic, subject to situational stimuli and existing in juxtaposition to a constructed ???other???. Prior to migration, a North/South, Protestant/Catholic ???other??? provided the bases for identity constructions in Ireland. The experiences of immigrants from both Northern and Southern Ireland are examined so that the multiple pre- and post-migration experiences of Irishness can be captured. Face-to-face interviews with 203 immigrants provide the study???s primary data. Migration motivation was found to be multifactorial and contained a strong element of adventure. Informal chain migration, based on relationship linkages in Australia, was important in directing flows and meeting immigrants??? post-arrival accommodation needs. Only 28 percent of the sample initially saw their move as permanent and onethird were category jumpers. A consolidation of Irish identity occurred post-migration. This was most pronounced among Northern Protestants and was largely predicated on informants??? perceptions of how Britishness and Irishness were constructed in Australia. For Northern respondents, the freedom to express Irishness may have masked an enforced Irishness that evolved in response to perceived negative constructions of Britishness, and their experiences of homogenisation with Southern immigrants. Hierarchies within white privilege in Australia, based on origin and accent, were indicated by the study findings. Movement and identity were related through the transnational practices of informants. Separation from familial and friendship networks prompted high levels of return visitation and telephone contact with their homeland, establishing the group as a highly transnational in relational terms. Examining the experiences of this invisible immigrant group through a constructionist lens contributed to the broader understanding of whiteness, transnationalism and the Irish diaspora generally.
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Green, Alison E. „New Zealand migrants to Australia: social construction of migrant identity/Alison E. Green“. Gold Coast, Australia : Bond University, 2006. http://epublications.bond.edu.au/theses/green.
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Thesis (PhD) -- Bond University, 2006."This thesis submitted to Bond University in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy". Bibliography: pages 258-284. Also available via the World Wide Web.
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au, xiumei@central murdoch edu, und Xiumei Guo. „Immigrating to and ageing in Australia : Chinese experiences“. Murdoch University, 2005. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20070828.91039.
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Chinese communities, large or small, exist in almost every country in the world. The huge Chinese diaspora has played a big role in the global economy. Those in Australia are no exception. The first significant Chinese immigration to Australia came in the 1850s during the gold rush era. Since then Chinese immigration to Australia has gone through up and down periods. However, only after the diplomatic relationship between Australia and China was established in 1972, did mainland Chinese begin to come to Australia directly from China. Since 1978 when China opened its door to the world and started its economic reform, more and more Chinese students have come to Australia. In particular, after the Tiananmen Square Incident in 1989, a significant number of Chinese became Australian permanent residents and contributed to the fast growth of the established Chinese community in Australia.
This thesis analyses immigration and ageing issues relating to the Australian Chinese community, which is now not only one of the oldest in Australia, but also one of the biggest, and economically, one of the most dynamic communities. It draws a historical and contemporary picture of overseas Chinese in Australia, including the Chinese migrants who remained in this country after the Tiananmen Square Incident. This study developed a model to investigate a wide range of factors that drive population movement between Australia and China. The determining factors include a wide range of push and pull forces that change constantly with the overall political, economic and environmental developments. The research findings claim that the pull, push and enabling factors interact with each other to influence Chinese peoples decision to migrate from China to Australia. It becomes apparent that there are certain determinants which can help explain, understand and project this complex process in the future.
This study further proves that Chinese migrants in Australia have made the smooth, but challenging transition between their native and adopted countries. Being involved into the Australian mainstream society, Chinese Australians have achieved economic adaptation and enjoy living in their new country. In addition, Chinese citizens who are studying as international students in Australia are potential skilled migrants and they are likely to apply for migration status after completing their studies. It is believed that Australia continues to be one of the most desired Western migration destinations for Chinese nationals and the magnitude of the Chinese ethnic community in Australia will continue to grow. In the future, the number of elderly Chinese in Australia is likely to increase as the majority of current economically active Chinese intend to retire in Australia and more older Chinese are expected to migrate to Australia for family reunion. As part of the general issues of Australian ageing population, this study attempts to raise the awareness of the challenging life-style of the Chinese elderly in Australia now and future.
This study offers convincing evidence that Chinese immigrants play a vital bridging role in promoting business and trade between Australia and China. Due to Chinas economic growth, their movement between these two countries will be more frequent. Overall, this study provides important considerations for policy makers and will benefit the broad communities, migrants and policy planners in understanding the model of Chinese immigration into Australia. The insights gained from this study should have important policy implications for a more sustainable way of living not only in Australia, but also in China and other countries with Chinese immigrants.
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Fell, Gordon. „The impact of immigration on the Australian economy“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c811beb5-8090-459f-a3e7-e5bd68884cf7.
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Australian immigration policy has traditionally been justified as a means to ensure national security and promote economic development. Neither of these rationales retains much contemporary force. A larger population is no longer regarded as critical to Australia's defensive capacity, and the quest for economic development, synonymous with aggregate growth, has been superseded by a concern about per capita growth performance. While humanitarian and cultural justifications for immigration have been advanced, they are either restricted in scope or contentious. Currently, the programme is operating on a large scale without a clear rationale. The purpose of this work is to investigate the economic consequences of immigration, and so consider whether the economic rationale may be recast in an alternative form. In this chapter, the existing literature is reviewed and a strategy for carrying the analysis further is outlined.
12
Kawano, Yukio. „Social determinants of immigrant selection on earnings and educational attainments in the United States, Canada and Australia, 1980-1990“. Available to US Hopkins community, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/dlnow/3068173.
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Vibert, Dermot Wilson. „Canada's Chinese immigration policy and immigration security 1947-1953“. Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61662.
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Kannan, Sharmini, und mikewood@deakin edu au. „Pappadums in paradise? Journeys of Indian migrant women to Australia“. Deakin University. School of Communication and Creative Arts, 2002. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050915.113531.
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The blue glass is always the hardest to find. On the beach you catch the waves bringing back the glass from forgotten tossed bottles, frosted green, clear, or mottled pale brown. But the blue glass - that's the real thing.
I search for days without finding any. Sometimes there are slivers; other days, small chunks. Like a beachcomber, I comb the sands for it.
I take the glass home and make some into jewellery and touchstones for people to hang on to; pour essential oils on others so the scents waft heavenward and meld together with the glass to form a bond.
Words are like that. They can fuse with each other and ignite, or just quietly combine, On sunny days, I take my books with me to the beach. I toss words back and
forth in my mind, like churning waves. I cobble them together, A phrase here. A sentence there.
The water. The sun. The sand. The glass. The words. The paper. The Connection. I find myself enveloped in it all.
The glass is from bottles tossed into the surf by unthinking people - picnickers, vacationers, those who don't have to return here and live with the remnants of their actions. Over time, the broken glass is ground and moulded by the action of the waves; the sharp edges are softened and etched by the sand and water, The sea glass is washed up on shore and picked up by beachcombers. Some recycle it for other uses like me; others just keep it as a reminder of a day at the beach.
The words I sift through as I sit on the sand are measured in the sea glass. I pick each word up and look through it to see how much light shines through. What use do 1 have for it? A poem? An essay? A fragment of a sentence, for something to be said in the future? I watch the sun rest uneasily on its bed of water and slide slowly, farther down. I know the hot summer is coming to a close and I am loath to let go of the closeness I feel with nature.
I live to find the blue glass, and sometimes it just happens.
My search for Indian migrant women was like my quest for the blue glass. It was not an easy task. It became a process of rummaging through other people's lives, searching for fragments and relics. Eventually I was able to fit pieces together to form a mosaic of their lives in that other time, that other place. And also in this present time, in this place they now call home, Australia.
15
McVeigh, Ann Mary. „A history of the child and juvenile migration schemes to Australia“. Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388076.
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Lloyd, Amy Jane. „Popular perceptions of emigration in Britain, 1870-1914“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608979.
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Barda, Rachel Marlene. „The Migration Experience of the Jews of Egypt to Australia, 1948-1967: A model of acculturation“. University of Sydney, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1145.
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Doctor of PhilosophyThis thesis has tried to construct a comprehensive analysis of a clearly defined community of Egyptian Jews in Australia and France, based on the oral history of Egyptian born migrants. Built around the conceptual framework of forced emigration, integration and acculturation, it looks at the successful experience of this particular migrant group within both Australian and French societies. Like the other Jewish communities of Arab lands, the Egyptian Jewish community no longer exists, as it was either expelled or forced into exile in the aftermath of the three Arab-Israeli wars (1948, 1956, 1967). This thesis argues that the rise of an exclusively Arab-Islamic type of nationalism, the growth of Islamic fundamentalism and the escalating Arab-Israeli conflict constituted the fundamental causes for the demise of Egyptian Jewry. As a consequence, almost half of the Jewish population of Egypt went to Israel. The rest dispersed throughout the Western world, mainly in France, North and South America. In Australia, a small group of around 2,000 found a new home. Apart from those who migrated to Israel, the majority of Egyptian Jews experienced a waiting period in Europe before they were accepted by any of the countries of immigration, a period facilitated by international and local Jewish welfare agencies. My interviewees chose Australia mostly to be reunited with family members. They first had to overcome the racial discrimination of the ‘White Australia’ Immigration policy towards Jews of Middle Eastern origin, a hurdle surmounted thanks to the tireless efforts of some leaders of the Australian Jewish community. With their multiple language skills, multi-layered identity and innate ability to interact with a variety of ethnic groups, they succeeded in establishing themselves in an unfamiliar country that initially welcomed them reluctantly. As such, they can be said to have successfully acculturated and integrated into Australian society, whilst retaining their own cultural diversity. The more numerous Egyptian Jews living in France also successfully acculturated. As a larger group, they were better equipped to assert themselves within the older Jewish/French community and retain their distinctive Sephardi culture. Studies such as the present one provide insight into the process of integration and identity reconstruction, as well as the diverse strategies used to ensure a successful acculturation, and the value of a multi-layered identity.
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Bornstein, Robert J. (Robert Jay). „Galician Jewish emigration, 1869-1880“. Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23709.
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The purpose of this study is to determine how Galician Jewish emigration during the period 1869-1880 was affected by the Austrian Constitution of 21 December 1867, and in particular by Article IV of said constitution's Fundamental Law Concerning the General Rights of Citizens which granted freedom of movement for the first time to Habsburg subjects. Various demographic, economic, political and societal factors particular to migration, to Galicia and to Galician Jewry are examined in order to establish the effect of the 1867 Constitution on Galician Jewish emigration.
19
Newman, Sheila, und smnaesp@alphalink com au. „The growth lobby and its absence the relationship between the property development and housing industries and immigration policy in Australia and France“. Swinburne University of Technology, 2002. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20060710.144805.
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This thesis compares population policy and demographic outcomes in France and Australia from 1945 taking into consideration projections to 2050. These features are analysed using a theoretical approach derived from James Q. Wilson and Gary Freeman, flagging focused benefits/costs and diffuse benefits/costs of population growth, including growth fueled by immigration. This analysis is framed by the New Ecological Paradigm developed by Dunlap and Catton.
The oil shock of 1973 is identified as a major turning point where French and Australian policy directions and demographic trends diverge, notably on immigration.
It is established that in both countries there was a will for population stabilisation and energy conservation, which succeeded in France. In Australia, however, a strong, organised growth lobby over-rode this Malthusian tendency. A major force for growth lay in the speculative property development and housing industries. The specific qualities of the Australian land development planning and housing system facilitated land speculation. Speculative opportunity and profits were increased by population growth and, with decreasing fertility rates, the industries concerned relied increasingly on high immigration rates. In France, to the contrary, the land development planning and housing industries had no similar dependency on immigration and, since the oil shock, have adapted to a declining population growth rate.
The author concludes that France has a relatively Malthusian economy and that Australia has a relatively Cornucopian one. These observations may be extrapolated respectively to non-English speaking Western European States and to English Speaking Settler States.
Speculative benefits from population growth/immigration are illustrated by demonstrating a relationship between ratcheting property price inflation in high overseas immigration cities in Australia and the near absence of this inflation in low growth areas. In contrast this ratcheting effect is absent in France and French cities where population growth and immigration have little influence on the property market.
The research suggests that speculative benefits of high population growth have been magnified by globalisation of the property market and that these rising stakes are likely to increase the difficulty of population stabilisation and energy conservation under the Australian land development and planning system.
The thesis contains a substantial appendix analysing and comparing French and Australian demographic and energy use statistics.
20
Cohen, Lynne. „Moving to Western Australia : decision making processes of migrants from the United Kingdom“. Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1999. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1215.
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International migration has assumed a new importance during the last few decades due to the volume and increase of population movement. Two important questions are relevant to the migration process. The person has to make the decision to move and to select a place of destination. In this thesis a series of studies designed to examine the factors that led to the consideration of leaving and the attributes which contributed to the choice of destination are presented. This research begins by adopting suggestions proposed by Jahoda (1981) to ask questions and thereby increase the knowledge base. The methodological framework of this research is derived from the different issues and controversies within psychology that have arisen due to a growing dissatisfaction with the traditional approaches that underpin much psychological research. Alternative philosophical and methodological approaches are drawn upon such as, substantive theorising (Wicker, 1989), the human science methodological framework (Dokecki, 1992), critical multiplism (Newbrough, 1992) and a systems perspective (Bronfenbrenner (1977) to achieve a more holistic approach to the research. A multi-method thesis is presented in four stages that incorporate triangulation of quantitative and qualitative methods to serve both completeness and confirmation of the research. Each level provides more detail and specificity moving from the macro to the micro level of inquiry. In order to address the key question of what factors influence the decision to migrate, the first stage explores the potential reasons why people leave the United Kingdom to live in Australia. The literature on possible reasons for migration is reviewed and is used as one source of information that is then further explored in this stage using qualitative semi-structured interviews that focus on the interpretive and descriptive analysis of these reasons. Some of the possible explanations included migrating for a better life and education for the children, the climate in Australia and the better economic prospects for the future. Based on these different perspectives provided by the participants, an informed decision tree was developed. The results of this first stage of the research informed the following two stages. The second stage of the research is a specific analysis of the substantive domain that examined the information obtained from stage one in more detail. This experimental stage was ideographic and used linear regression models obtained by regression analyses to understand the basis of the migration decision and the factors which contribute to that decision. Results of this study indicated that the judgments of two thirds of the participants were well modelled by the linear model. The implications and limitations for using this approach are discussed in detail. In the third stage of the research, the substantive domain is further explored in two studies which use a multiattribute utility model approach for conceptual clarification of the decision making process. In this stage, the additional research question was addressed which examined whether there were any differences in the decision making process between migrants from the U.K. living in Australia and a specific group with a visa intending to migrate who have not yet departed from the U.K. In the first study, 446 migrants from the U.K. already living in Australia completed a questionnaire. In the second study, a group of potential migrants, who had not yet migrated but had already obtained their visas, completed a similar questionnaire. In summary, the results supported the salience of the different factors determined in the previous studies and indicated that participants could be clearly divided into three groups using cluster analysis. The implications for understanding the results of both these studies are discussed. The final stage of the research continues the process of exploring the substantive domain and returns to the migrants to understand their experiences through real life episodes of migration. This stage uses the approach suggested by Dewey (1929), and returns to the migrants who have the experience and are able to clarify the situation as they have the best knowledge. The results reinforced the importance and salience of the different factors determined in the previous stages. It also confirmed that one cannot focus solely on only one factor, as there are a combination of factors which play a role in the decision to move. The final chapter reviews the results obtained in this thesis and the different methodological perspectives used in the research. The accumulation of knowledge that has resulted from this research and the contribution made to the understanding of the substantive domain of migration is discussed further. Positive suggestions for further research are proposed.
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Allen, Reuben J. „The Philippine professional labor diaspora in the United States with a focus on Indiana's mid-size cities“. Virtual Press, 2004. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1286499.
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This thesis examines the Philippine labor diaspora in the United States, both historical and modern, with a specific focus on the modern period of migration to midsize urban places in Indiana. The historical or pre-1965 period is marked by two successive waves of movement to the United States, each of which is based upon different labor demands for unskilled labor. The modern period was initiated by the 1965 United States Immigration and Naturalization Act and is marked by far greater volumes of Filipinos entering the country. This most recent influx is characterized by significant numbers of professionals, an expression of the regional division of `skilled' labor migration flows between developing and developed countries associated with globalization. Quantitative questionnaires and qualitative interviews with 30 FilipinoAmerican professionals in six mid-size cities in Indiana examined topics of labor recruitment practices, secondary migration patterns, and the remittance practices and group formation associated with transnational identities.Department of Geography
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Mancuso, Rebecca 1964. „"This is our work" : The Women's Division of the Canadian Department of Immigration and Colonization, 1919-1938“. Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36649.
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Anglophone women, working in a new capacity as federal civil servants, exercised a significant influence on Canadian immigration policy in the interwar years. This dissertation focuses on the women's division of the Canadian Department of Immigration and Colonization, an agency charged with recruiting British women for domestic service from 1919 to 1938. The division was a product of the women's wing of the social reform movement and prevailing theories of gender difference and anglo-superiority. Tracing its nearly twenty years of operations shows how the division, initially regarded as a source of imperial strength and a means of English Canada's cultural survival, came to symbolize the disadvantages of Canada's connection to Great Britain and supposed weaknesses inherent in the female character. This institutional study explores the real and imagined connections among gender, imperialism, and the changing socio-economic landscape of interwar Canada.
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Toalster, Richard. „A study of the experiences of international migrants in the UK : a life history approach“. Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2012. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12389/.
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Globalisation can no longer be thought of as a term that merely describes the practical, political and procedural networking of capital, commodities and consumers. Working reflexively it networks people, who use the physical, electronic and psychological networks set up to serve the interests of global commerce to travel from one locale to another. Like the cheap frocks, fridges or foodstuffs globalisation has weaned society to expect, these people are a ubiquitous source of labour, prepared to work in our factories and in our fields, servicing our hotel rooms, cleaning our homes and teaching our children. Yet despite this little is known about the lives of international migrants in the UK from their own perspectives, and there is relatively little social research (educational) with which to contextualise the migration statistics or evaluate the claims of the British press. This thesis starts by discussing the impacts of rising international migration on a place, Nottingham. It moves forward to discuss the relationship between UK society, globalisation and international migration to explore the idea that globalisation is reflexive, and that people are able to use what Appadurai (1996) terms the scapes of globalisation to network themselves from poorer regions of the world toward regions where they will experience higher levels of safety, structure and reward for their labours. Investigating the range of statistical, policy, evaluative and scholarly research relating to international migrants in the UK, this thesis focuses in on the need to ‘get beneath’ the statistics, the reports and the evaluations, to understand international migrants, their lives in Britain and their relationships with UK society and its social structures from their own perspectives. The study, which drew on material from a series of interviews held with 20 international migrants over the course of a year, succeeded in giving ‘voice’ to a set of deeply personal narratives about circumstances, motives, dreams and aspirations that belonged to a group of people who are often spoken of, but rarely heard; those living the ‘silenced lives’ (LeCompte, 1993) of the ‘hard to reach’. The study found that reflexive globalisation is not a fair and equal process; migrants enter and travel through ‘zones of migration’, which they navigate and negotiate via the differing amounts of agency apportioned to them by the UK State on the basis of their legitimacy within and in relation to a tiered policy of immigration and asylum. Framed by this relationship with the UK State, migrants become agents of this legitimacy, which serves to empower or restrict their abilities to act. Further agency is found in securing paid employment and by ‘diasporic clustering’ rather than integration. The thesis argues that the concept of reflexive globalisation adds to the literature around ‘glocalisation’ and the ‘geography of power’ and that the study itself (in its development of substantive and lasting relationships with a ‘hard to reach sample’) offers practical insights from which other researchers may benefit.
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MacDonald, Andrew Scott. „Colonial trespassers in the making of South Africa's international borders 1900 to c.1950“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610898.
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Baycar, Muhammet Kazim. „Ottoman-Arab transatlantic migrations in the age of mass migrations (1870-1914)“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:00e0eaca-5981-4edd-97fc-0fd06a472df8.
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This thesis sketches out the history of Ottoman-Arab emigration from Greater Syria to the United States and to Argentina from the late nineteenth century up to the end of World War I, relying primarily (but not solely) on the related documents preserved in the Ottoman Archives. It depicts a wide range of this emigration history, including the scale and the number of immigrants, the causes behind emigration, the ways that emigrants managed to reach the Americas, the attitudes of Ottoman governments toward them, and the ways that emigrants adapted to their host societies. The thesis analyses the Ottoman-Arab emigration phenomenon from social and economic perspectives and in the larger context comprising other European population movements to the New World during this period, which has been called 'the Age of Mass Migrations'.
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Domareki, Sarah. „To Stay or to Go? A Literary and Historical Study of French-Canadian Emigration From Quebec to New England, 1820-1930“. Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2005. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/DomarekiS2005.pdf.
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Winarnita, Monika Swasti. „Dancing the feminine : performances by indonesian migrant women“. Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/155797.
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This thesis is based on ethnographic fieldwork of practicing and performing dances with Indonesian migrant women dancers in Perth, Western Australia and socializing with the women and the communities they belong to. The fieldwork was conducted in 2007 with subsequent annual return trips until 2011, as well as through continued engagement by other forms of communication. This thesis follows the women's journeys and their efforts, firstly to gain recognition as professional cultural performers rather than being seen only as members of an amateur, housewife hobby dance group and secondly to elevate their status beyond that of marriage migrant, specifically within the local Indonesian community. Each chapter is based on particular performances and how each performance evolved from creation to reinvention taking into account factors such as community feedback, and reaction to the group's participation in local multicultural festivals and national celebration days. The thesis discusses how the women negotiate cross-cultural gender structuring discourses and valued ideals of femininity through their performances. Their performances are influenced by transnational and translocal (Jakarta or Bali and Perth) engagements gained through: cultural products; their daily lives amongst the Indonesian migrant community in Perth; their annual return trips to Indonesia; and being involved in the local Indonesian consulate's cultural diplomacy activities. Therefore, within the discipline of anthropology and gender studies this research will contribute to the literature on migration studies, specifically marriage migration of women, migrant's cultural performances, and Indonesian migrants in Australia. The thesis also includes a DVD of two and a half hours which records my edited ethnographic footage, as well as footage given to me by the dancers and their family members. The DVD documents the stories and performances that are related in the thesis. Via a menu, the DVD is organized so that relevant sections can be viewed in conjunction with reading specific chapters within the thesis. Each performance, through the trajectory of its creation and reinvention, tells the narrative of how the Indonesian migrant women try to negotiate representations of themselves and how they deal with the many and varied expectations of their own migrant community, the Indonesian consulate and the larger multicultural Australian audiences as well as the various ideals of Indonesian femininity in migration.
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Lima, Silvio Cezar de Souza. „Determinismo biológico e imigração chinesa em Nicolau Moreira (1870-1890)“. reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2005. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/6126.
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Previous issue date: 2005No início da década de 1870, a imigração torna-se preocupação central das elites brasileiras. Com a visível falência do regime escravocrata, os agricultores são levados a pensar em novas formas de trabalho e como conseguir novos braços para a lavoura. Assim, a discussão sobre possíveis formas de imigração e sobre o tipo racial do imigrante torna-se um dos grandes desafios do Brasil das últimas décadas do século XIX. Em meio a este contexto, debates sobre a conveniência da contratação de trabalhadores chineses mobilizaram as elites. Destes debates, participou o Dr. Nicolau Joaquim Moreira, que considerava fundamental a participação dos médicos, tanto na escolha de um tipo de imigrante ideal, quanto na preocupação em manter os imigrantes saudáveis e produtivos.
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Haveric, Dzavid. „History of the Bosnian Muslim Community in Australia: Settlement Experience in Victoria“. Thesis, full-text, 2009. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/2006/.
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This thesis examines the settlement experience of the Bosnian Muslims in Victoria. Overall this research exploration takes places against background of the history of the immigration to Australia. The study covers migration patterns of Bosnian Muslims from post World War 2 periods to more recent settlement. The thesis provides contemporary insights on Bosnian Muslims living in a Western society such as Australia. The thesis excavates key issues about Islam and the Muslim communities in Western nations and argues that successful settlement is possible, as demonstrated by the Bosnian Muslim community. By adopting a socio-historical framework about settlement, the thesis reveals the significant, interconnected and complex aspects of the settlement process.
Settlement of immigrants takes place within global, historical, economic, political, social and cultural elements of both the sending and receiving countries. Thus any study of settlement must examine theories and concepts on migration, settlement, religion, culture, integration and identity. The purpose for migration, the conditions under which migration takes place, the conditions of immigrant reception are fundamental in the context of Australia. Furthermore, Australia since the 1970s has adopted a policy of multiculturalism which has changed settlement experiences of immigrants. These elements are strongly analysed in the thesis both through a critical conceptual appraisal of the relevant issues such as migration, multiculturalism and immigration and through an empirical application to the Bosnian Muslim community.
The theoretical element of the study is strongly supported by the empirical research related to settlement issues, integration and multiculturalism in Victoria. Through a socio-historical framework and using a ‘grounded theory’ methodological approach, field research was undertaken with Bosnian Muslim communities, Bosnian organizations and multicultural service providers. In addition, historical data was analysed by chronology. The data provided rich evidence of the Bosnian Muslims’ settlement process under the various governmental policies since World War 2.
The study concluded that the Bosnian community has successfully integrated and adapted to the way of life in Australia. Different cohorts of Bosnian Muslims had different settlement patterns, problems and issues which many were able to overcome. The findings revealed the contributions that the Bosnian Muslim community has made to broader social life in Australia such as contribution to the establishment of multi-ethnic Muslim communities, the Bosnian Muslim community development and building social infrastructure. The study also concluded that coming from multicultural backgrounds, the Bosnian Muslims understood the value of cultural diversity and contributed to the development of Australian multiculturalism and social harmony.
Overall conclusion of this research is that the different generations of Bosnian Muslims are well-integrated and operate well within Australian multiculturalism.
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Khoojinian, Mazyar. „L'immigration, une main-d'oeuvre d'appoint temporaire? Marché du travail, politiques étatiques et trajectoires des travailleurs turcs recrutés pour l'industrie charbonnière belge, 1956-1980“. Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209171.
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L’objet principal de cette thèse porte sur l’immigration turque dans l’industrie charbonnière belge dans une séquence historique qui débute en 1956, année de la catastrophe du Bois-du-Cazier à Marcinelle (262 morts), de l’arrêt définitif de tout recrutement au départ de l’Italie pour ce secteur d’activité réputé pour sa dangerosité, de l’extension des bassins de prospection de l’industrie minière et de ses premières tentatives de recrutement en Turquie, et s’achève en 1980, année du rétablissement par les Etats membres du Benelux de l’obligation du visa d’entrée touristique pour les ressortissants turcs au lendemain de l’avènement d’un nouveau régime militaire en Turquie, annonciateur d’un nouvel afflux migratoire conséquent.Plus largement, la thèse interroge la pertinence du postulat qui veut que les politiques migratoires conçues et mises en oeuvre par les pouvoirs publics, au cours des Golden Sixties, aient considéré les travailleurs migrants comme une main-d’oeuvre d’appoint temporaire.
La première partie de la thèse, qui porte sur la genèse de la politique d’immigration belge entre 1830 et 1960, recadre l’histoire de l’immigration turque dans l’industrie houillère belge et des politiques mises en oeuvre à son intention dans le contexte du double processus d’étatisation et de nationalisation des politiques migratoires au cours des XIXe et XXe siècles.
La seconde partie retrace la configuration des chaînes d’interdépendances qui relient les trajectoires migratoires des travailleurs migrants turcs recrutés par l’industrie charbonnière belge dans les années 1960 et 1970 aux dispositifs générés, séparément ou conjointement, par l’Etat belge, l’Etat turc, l’industrie charbonnière, les organisations syndicales et les services, associations et autres collectifs d’accueil et d’aide aux migrants pour organiser, stabiliser et intégrer cette immigration turque dans les régions minières du pays.
La troisième partie interroge le devenir de cette immigration turque au moment où les fermetures de charbonnages se succèdent et que de nouveaux besoins en main-d’oeuvre se font sentir dans les dernières sociétés charbonnières encore en activité. Elle esquisse en parallèle le processus d’étatisation des politiques d’intégration jusque-là principalement prises en charge par les modes de gestion paternalistes de l’industrie charbonnière.
Cette thèse aborde également, mais dans une moindre mesure, l’immigration originaire de Turquie avant 1960 et l’immigration turque qui se développe au cours des années 1960 et 1970, en marge de celle organisée en faveur de l’industrie charbonnière, à destination d’autres régions et secteurs d’activité du pays (Bruxelles, Anvers, Gand, Ardennes, etc.).
Son angle d’approche dépasse par ailleurs la seule immigration turque en Belgique et la seule politique migratoire belge. Elle s’intéresse ainsi, à travers des analyses comparées, au cas de l’immigration marocaine, qui lui est contemporain, ou encore à la politique migratoire néerlandaise, à l’origine d’un phénomène de désertion massive de l’industrie houillère belge par les ouvriers mineurs turcs.
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
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Ouali, Nouria. „Migration et accès au marché du: les effets émancipateurs sur la condition des femmes issues de l'immigration“. Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210479.
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La thèse a pour objet l'émancipation des femmes issues de l'immigration. Elle propose d'évaluer les effets de la migration et de l'accès au marché du travail sur l'émancipation des filles de migrantes d'origine marocaine en Belgique francophone.L'étude tente d'abord de mettre en lumière le rôle des femmes immigrées dans l'histoire de la Belgique en le ré-articulant à l'histoire sociale, l'histoire des femmes et l'histoire de l'immigration. Ensuite, elle montre que l'approche dominante des travaux sur les migrations ne prend pas en compte la dimension du genre, ce qui a pour conséquence de masquer la différenciation des expériences migratoires selon le sexe. Enfin, elle replace l'analyse du statut des femmes immigrées et de leurs descendantes dans la complexité des rapports sociaux de sexe, de race et de classe afin de mieux rendre compte des réalités concrètes et de sortir du simplisme des approches culturalistes.
La thèse développe une analyse des politiques d'intégration (politiques éducative, de l'emploi et de lutte contre les discriminations) visant l'émancipation des immigrées et en évalue l'impact sur les filles de migrant-es d'origine marocaine. Elle présente enfin les trajectoires individuelles des filles de migrant.es marocain.es et examine les facteurs individuels et collectifs favorisant leur émancipation.
Doctorat en sciences sociales, Orientation sociologie
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Bruyère, Vincent. „Ouvrir l'archive : rituels historiographiques et critique postcoloniale“. Thesis, University of Warwick, 2009. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2267/.
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This research examines the proliferation of discourses associated with the development of Postcolonial Studies in the field of historical and philological sciences. The principal objective of the thesis is to describe this cultural phenomenon as a discursive event in the history of critical practices. Analyses developing Michel Foucault's work on regulations of discursive practices and Michel de Certeau's work on the historiographical operation are organised around three sites. The first site features Jean de Léry's Histoire d‟un voyage fait en la terre du Brésil (1575). The purpose of the work on this ethnographic document is not to reconstitute its early modern context, but first to interrogate this documentary relation when Claude Lévi-Strauss and Michel de Certeau rediscover the text. In this perspective, the text functions as the archive of an inaugural moment referring to the exclusion of the 'Savage' from the making of history. To that extent, the first part of the thesis focuses on the illegible/inaudible part of Jean de Léry's text, in order to question what postcolonial readings try to circumscribe in the colonial corpus, and which historiographical rituals make this reading possible in the case of Histoire d'un voyage. The second site is constituted by the formulation of Gayatri C. Spivak's famous question: 'Can the Subaltern Speak?' and her archival work endeavoured to attempt to answer the question. This foundational intervention in the field of Postcolonial study pertains at the inclusion/exclusion of the historical positivity of the discourse of the Other. Building on this proposition, this second part of the thesis reinscribes the historicity of postcolonial criticism in the project of a cultural history of the hermeneutic listening. The third site addresses the historicity of haunting in a series of Patrick Chamoiseau narratives dealing with ghosts of the Caribbean past: Lettres créoles (1991), Ecrire en pays dominé (1997), L'Esclave vieil homme et le molosse (1997), and Biblique des derniers gestes (2001). This part of the thesis examines rituals that enable Chamoiseau to convert the return of the repressed into a historiographical operation. Following this, it appears that the development and proliferation of postcolonial scholarships cannot be properly explained by the crisis of a historiographical paradigm, but has to be referred in the first instance to a ritual dimension of the making of history in the Western modernity.
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Protopopov, Michael Alex, und res cand@acu edu au. „The Russian Orthodox Presence In Australia: The History of a Church told from recently opened archives and previously unpublished sources“. Australian Catholic University. School of Philosophy and Theology, 2005. http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/digitaltheses/public/adt-acuvp87.09042006.
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The Russian Orthodox community is a relatively small and little known group in Australian society, however, the history of the Russian presence in Australia goes back to 1809. As the Russian community includes a number of groups, both Christian and non-Christian, it would not be feasible to undertake a complete review of all aspects of the community and consequently, this work limits itself in scope to the Russian Orthodox community. The thesis broadly chronicles the development of the Russian community as it struggles to become a viable partner in Australia’s multicultural society. Many never before published documents have been researched and hitherto closed archives in Russia have been accessed. To facilitate this research the author travelled to Russia, the United States and a number of European centres to study the archives of pre-Soviet Russian communities. Furthermore, the archives and publications of the Australian and New Zealand Diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church have been used extensively. The thesis notes the development of Australian-Russian relations as contacts with Imperial Russian naval and scientific ships visiting the colonies increase during the 1800’s and traces this relationship into the twentieth century. With the appearance of a Russian community in the nineteenth century, attempts were made to establish the Russian Orthodox Church on Australian soil. However, this did not eventuate until the arrival of a number of groups of Russian refugees after the Revolution of 1917 and the Civil War (1918-1922). As a consequence of Australia’s “Populate or Perish” policy following the Second World War, the numbers of Russian and other Orthodox Slavic displaced persons arriving in this country grew to such an extent that the Russian Church was able to establish a diocese in Australia, and later in New Zealand. The thesis then divides the history of the Russian Orthodox presence into chapters dealing with the administrative epochs of each of the ruling bishops. This has proven to be a suitable matrix for study as each period has its own distinct personalities and issues. The successes, tribulations and challengers of the Church in Australia are chronicled up to the end of the twentieth century. However, a further chapter deals with the issue of the Church’s prospects in Australia and its relevance to future generations of Russian Orthodox people. As the history of the Russians in this country has received little attention in the past, this work gives a broad spectrum of the issues, people and events associated with the Russian community and society at large, whilst opening up new opportunities for further research.
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Walker, Carole A. „Caroline Chisholm, 1808-1877: ordinary woman - extraordinary life, impossible category“. Thesis, Loughborough University, 2001. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/8035.
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The purpose of this thesis is to look at the motivations behind the life and work of Caroline Chisholm, nee Jones, 1808-1877, and to ascertain why British historians have chosen to ignore her contribution to the nineteenth century emigration movement, while attending closely to such women as Nightingale for example. The Introduction to the thesis discusses the difficulties of writing a biography of a nineteenth century woman, who lived at the threshold of modernity, from the perspective of the twenty-first century, in the period identified as late modernity or postmodernity. The critical issues of writing a historical biography are explored. Chapter Two continues the debate in relation to the Sources, Methods and Problems that have been met with in writing the thesis. Chapters Three to Seven consider Chisholm's life and work in the more conventional narrative format, detailing where new evidence has been found. By showing where misinformation and errors have arisen in earlier biographies that have been perpetuated by subsequent biographies, they give specificity to the debate discussed in the Introduction. Chapters Eight to Ten discuss, in far greater depth than a conventional narrative format allows, the relevant political, religious and social influences which shaped and influenced Chisholm's life, and which facilitate an understanding of her motivation and character.
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Dendooven, Dominiek. „Asia in Flanders fields : a transnational history of Indians and Chinese on the Western Front, 1914-1920“. Thesis, University of Kent, 2018. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/67923/.
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During the First World War people from the five continents resided in France and Flanders, mostly in service of of the French and British armies. Besides European settlers, it concerned hundreds of thousands of indigenous inhabitants from many colonies. The two largest subaltern groups who served on the Western Front in British service - each in itself accounting for some 140,000 men - were Asian: from the Indian subcontinent and from China. In my book I investigate not only their motives to join up and the nature of their war service on the Western Front, but above all how these subaltern groups experienced a modern war in Europe and what impact this residence in a Europe-in-war had on their subsequent lives and on the society to which they returned. A central position in my judgment of their war experiences is their meeting with the European 'other', the local populations who hosted these uninvited guests. I investigate how the European population underwent the confrontation with their non-European guests, but especially which impression the Europeans, their society and their culture made upon the Asian rank and file. In- and outside the Army Indians and Chinese were confronted with different degrees of xenophobia, racism and discrimination, while at the same time friendly engagements with Europeans also occurred. All this lead to a strengthened self- and (proto)national consciousness that manifested itself in initiatives in different domains of human activity: politics, culture, education, ... Through the comparative perspective, differences as well as similarities between both Asian groups on the Western Front become clear, and parallels can be drawn in their evolution towards a stronger (self)consciousness and an increasing identification with the (proto)nation through their war experiences in Europe. In this respect, so I argue, the war experiences of Indians and Chinese on the Western front contributed to the increasingly anti-imperialist feelings and attitudes in both countries.
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McLennan, Nicole Tamara. „'from home & kindred' : English emigration to Australia, 1860-1900“. Phd thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/145320.
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Doust, Janet Lyndall. „English migrants to Eastern Australia, 1815-1860“. Phd thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/109226.
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This thesis examines English immigration to eastern Australia between 1815 and 1860, dealing predominantly with the colonies of New South Wales and Victoria. I focus on the English because of their relative neglect in Australian immigration historiography, despite their being in the majority among the immigrants. I uncover evidence of origins, class, gender, motivation and culture. To provide a rounded picture of these immigrants, I use statistics and contemporary literary sources, principally correspondence, diaries and official and private archives, and compare the English immigrants in eastern Australia with English immigrants to the United States and with Scottish and Irish immigrants to New South Wales and Victoria in the same decades. To analyse the origins, motives and skills of the immigrants, I employ demographic data and case studies and examine separately immigrants with capital and assisted immigrants. Overwhelmingly, for both sets of immigrants, the motive was to seek material success in the colonies, faster than they believed they could at home. For the majority, this overcame scruples about the primitive state of the colonial societies and the taint of convictism. Land was a major attraction for many self-funded immigrants, who began to come into New South Wales in increasing numbers in the 1820s, initially mainly in family groups, but later larger numbers of single men were attracted to seek wealth prior to marriage. Many settled on the land as their primary source of income; others who came to practice in middle class professions were also keen to acquire town and country land for the status and wealth it promised, but lived and worked in urban areas. Chain migration was a common feature among middle class families in all decades. The gold rushes of the 1850s throw into stark relief the gambling element propelling so many people drawn from all but the poorest classes to chase fortunes. In the promotion of the Australian colonies to labouring people through government-assisted passages, the period 1831-1836 was experimental. I analyse the steps taken, the lessons learned and the background, motivations and skills of the English people attracted by this early scheme. Revised recruitment criteria were put into action in 1837 and I examine a profile of the assisted immigrants from a one in sixty sample from that year to 1860. This longitudinal study shows that, despite contemporary and subsequent criticisms of the quality of the assisted immigrants, they fitted the categories demanded by the colonists and predominantly came from regions of England suffering economic decline. To examine the culture and values of the English immigrants, I develop an extended case study of one family over two generations and analyse key themes emerging from the private papers of a cross-section of people. These two perspectives illustrate the contribution English immigrants made to the culture in eastern Australia and show how many of them maintained contact with family in England over a long period, while engaging actively in their new society.
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Tanni, Katri E. „Polemics, politics and pressure : the history of the debate over the White Australia Policy in Australia from 1945 to 1973“. Phd thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/149998.
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Chua, McAndrew. „Orientalist discourse of the Chinese in early colonial Australia“. Master's thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151402.
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Grapsias, Nicholas, University of Western Sydney, College of Arts und School of Humanities and Languages. „Southern strangers : a qualitative study on the experiences of post World-War Two Greek migrants“. 2003. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/29120.
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This research examines the experiences, expectations and concerns of post-war Greek migrants in an interview and focus group setting. The central question of inquiry is whether Australia has been -the lucky country- for Greek migrants after approximately fifty years of living in Australia. Overall, of the total number of Greek migrants who participated in the research, 78% believe Australia is the lucky country, whereas 22% did not. Some of the overall reasons why Greeks believe Australia is not the lucky country include racism, qualifications were not initially recognised, and Greece is now perceived as being economically superior to Australia. Some of the main limitations of the present study include : the small number of subjects recruited, advertisement design, ambiguous definition of the lucky country, and the study was only concentrated in one geographical section of Sydney. Recommendations are included to assist future researchers alleviate some of the problem areas.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Cheng, Yeen Chooi. „Blooding a lion in Little Bourke Street : the creation, negotiation and maintenance of Chinese ethnic identity in Melbourne“. Thesis, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/113399.
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Flaherty, Christopher James. „Bound for the homeland : Australian and Vietnamese migration systems“. Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/110885.
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Jabinal, Ezyl. „Embracing the outside world : the Filipino migration with Australia, South Australia case study“. 2007. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/unisa:36824.
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This dissertation is divided into six sections. The first section, the introduction and literature review, also covers the aim and objectives of the thesis. The second section discusses the labour migration from the Philippines to the outside world. It then explores the push forces and pull factors for Filipino migration in terms of: (i) economic issues, including unemployment and unchecked population growth, fiscal deficit and public-sector debt, natural disaster and globalisation; (ii) political factors, including a weak and inefficient state, security problems, and laws and policies; and (iii) dynamics of marriage and family migration, personal choice, wage difference and level of skills. The third section discusses the Philippines Government's roles in promoting migration, in implementing policies to protect its Filipino migrants and in providing supports for 'overseas contract workers' (OCWs). The fourth part of the thesis explains the importance of the remittances that overseas Filipinos send back to their home country. A series of case studies is presented on the fifth chapter; these focus on Filipino professional migration to Australia and particularly the state of South Australia. The case studies provide a more in-depth understanding of the Filipino migrants' role and position in a foreign country. The findings and observations made in the study are synthesised in the concluding sixth section.
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Brink, Graham Patrick. „Factors contributing to the emigration of skilled South African migrants to Australia“. Diss., 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/5963.
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Talent management is a source of competitive advantage and will be achieved by those
organisations that are able to attract, develop and retain best in class individuals. It is thus not
just a human resources issue but rather an integral part of any organisation’s strategy.
Due to negative perceptions about South Africa, skilled workers are immigrating to countries
such as Australia to the detriment of the South African economy. This loss is not necessarily
being replaced by graduates or through immigration. Government policies such as Broader-
Based Black Economic Empowerment (BBBEE), Black Economic Empowerment (BEE) and
Affirmative Action (AA), compound the issue by then decreasing the pool of skilled
applicants that may occupy skilled and senior posts in organisations. Globally there is a
shortage of skills and due to employee mobility they can use any opportunity that presents
itself.
The objectives of this study was to determine the factors which lead to the emigration of
skilled South African’s to Australia and then once these factors are known to propose
retention strategies to role players to stem the emigration tide.
To achieve these objectives a survey was prepared based on previous studies and a link to the
web questionnaire was distributed to the population via an Australian immigration agent. The
link was sent to all the agent’s clients around the world and thus consisted not only of South
Africa respondents but also elicited international responses, which will be used for
comparison purposes only. Only 48 South Africans responded to the survey and although
limited, it was sufficient for the purposes of this study. The demographic profile was mainly
male and dominated by Generation X.
Using a Likert scale respondents were questioned on their levels of satisfaction in their
country of origin and in Australia through an adaptation of a study by Mattes and Richmond
(2000). The study of Hulme (2002) was adapted and incorporated into the questionnaire,
where respondents were given the opportunity to rank considerations for leaving South Africa
and factors that would draw them back. Respondents were provided with the opportunity for
responses to open-ended questions to include other considerations for leaving and factors that
would draw them back. Results from these survey items revealed that the primary reasons driving skilled South Africans to emigrate was safety and security, upkeep of public
amenities, customer service and taxation. In contrast, South African migrants had high levels
of satisfaction with safety and security, upkeep of public amenities and customer service in
Australia. Respondents indicated that factors that would draw them back to South Africa
would be improvements in safety and security and government, followed by family roots,
good jobs and schools.
The study also looked at the permanence of the move. If skilled individuals returned with
new-found skills and experience then it could be a potential brain gain for South Africa. The
results of this study found that 43% of respondents had no intention to return, 42% did not
supply a response and only 10% were undecided on whether to return or not.
To attract, retain and develop talent, the South African government and the private sector
would need to work in partnership to develop policies that would satisfy the lower-order
needs of individuals, such as physiological and safety needs.Emigration of skilled South African migrants to Australia
Business Management
M.Tech. (Business Administration)
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Aboud, Brian. „States, immigration and entry regulation : Canada, Australia and immigrant admissions from the Arab world, 1946-1996“. Phd thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/147713.
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Will, Louise Maree. „Australian non-English speaking background immigrants' income adjustment“. Phd thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/145749.
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Icduygu, Ahmet. „Migrant as a transitional category : Turkish migrants in Melbourne, Australia“. Phd thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/113871.
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Since the early 1960s, hundreds of thousands of Turks have gone abroad, particularly to West
Germany, to sell their labour power mainly under the so-called guestworker scheme. Only a small
proportion (an estimated 1 per cent) have migrated to Australia, doing so in a context which was
considered — by the Australian government, although not by many Turkish migrants — to be
permanent settlement. In the late 1980s, the number of Turkish migrants and their children in
Australia totalled around 35,000. This study examines and provides a comprehensive perspective
on the migratory flow from Turkey to Australia. It addresses various aspects of the migration and
settlement history of first-generation Turks living in Melbourne, concentrating on the questions of
how they experienced their migration to, and settlement in, Australia, and how they were
incorporated into the life of this country, both inside and outside their workplaces, and what
perceptions and attitudes they had towards their experiences.
Whilst acknowledging the complexity of a social process such as incorporation of immigrants into
a receiving country, the methodological approach taken in this study is two-pronged: it combines
‘qualitative’ and ‘quantitative’ levels of analysis, based on the data collected by the author in
1987, resulting from five months fieldwork in Melbourne, gathering structured and unstructured indepth
interviews with 276 Turkish migrants. The qualitative work, a ‘case-study’ approach,
explores the migration to Australia from the immigrants’ viewpoint analysing the way their lives
had been dramatically affected by the whole migratory process. The quantitative analysis
demonstrates the socio-economic, cultural and demographic changes emerging in the life cycle of
these individual migrants and their families during the pre- and post-migratory periods, and
associates these changes with the migrants’ structural and cultural adaptation patterns.
This study emphasizes that the 1967 migration agreement between the Australian and Turkish
governments marked a central point in the history of Turkish immigration, not only making
possible the flow of Turkish migrants into Australia but also structurally affecting the successive stages of the migratory flow from Turkey and the successive stages of settlement and
incorporation processes of the arriving migrants over time. Substantial Turkish immigration
occurred only between 1968 and 1974 when the movement was largely through the assisted
migration program based on the 1967 agreement. After the termination of the agreement in 1974,
the migratory flow from Turkey slowed down, and it took the form of chain migration and family
reunion — with the exception of the arrivals of university graduates who started to migrate on
their own in the 1980s. Since Australia drew settlers from the guestworker-oriented pool formed in
the 1960s and 1970s in Turkey, the majority of early migrants, unlike their later counterparts, had,
on arrival, no intention of ‘permanent settlement’. They initially saw themselves as temporary
workers and planned to return home; however many of them changed their original plans or failed
to realize these plans, and either never returned or repeatedly came back to Australia. Thus
Turkish settlement in Australia was characterized by a transition from temporary migration to
unintended settlement.
Although the immigrants’ initial intention of temporary migration had an important and continuing
impact on the process by which these migrants became incorporated into various social contexts
in Australia, the historically determined structure of Turkish immigration and settlement in
Australia, independently of migrants’ settlement intention, had a capacity and function of its own
in placing the immigrants into certain social and economic relations in the heterogeneous,
stratified, and pluralistic social formation of the receiving country. While Australia has became a
‘new home’ for many Turks, the position of the immigrants in their ‘new’ social setting has been
largely a dialectic outcome of the peculiar characteristics of these migrants themselves, of the
society they entered, of the society they left, and of the larger context of the international
migration they were involved in.
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Joynson, Velma Joan. „Post-world war two British migration to Australia : "the most pampered and protected of the intake?"“. 1995. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/1630.
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The thesis seeks to find evidence to support the assumption that British migrants were the ‘pampered’ and ‘protected’ of the post-World War Two intake of migrants. Contemporary students of historical writing of the migration experience have virtually written British migrants out of the history of this era by such unsubstantiated assumptions.The assimilationist construct of the 1940s to the 1960s that defined non-British migrants as assimilable, and British migrants as ‘kith’ and ‘kin’ was a vital component in the ideology of governments. It enabled them to carry out a migration programme the extent of which had no precedent in Australian history. Because social participation is vital in the process of admitting new knowledge, the construction of assimilability needed to be developed and legitimated on the basis of shared values. In effect the imposition of ‘new’ information promulgated by the institutions of society needed an empathetic response from the community, for the successful implementation of the programme. If the concept of non-British migrants as being assimilable could be ‘sold’ to the public, then it went without saying that British migrants would be the exemplar of trouble-free assimilation; they were ‘kith’ and ‘kin’. When British migrants did not fit the archetypal mould designed and fashioned for them by others, they had to be redefined for the continuing success of a policy. The thesis examines the experience of British migrants during the assimilationist era and how their settlement was affected by this ideological construct.
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Longpre, Nicole Marion. „Anti-Immigrationism and Conservatism in Britain, 1955-1981“. Thesis, 2016. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8Q52PMC.
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This dissertation examines the shape, objectives, and fate of the anti-immigrationist movement from 1955 to 1981. During this period, groups and individuals operated within the confines of the British political system to advocate for the restriction of non-white immigration to the UK and also to minimize the perceived negative impact these immigrants were having upon the social and economic fabric of the UK. The study argues that by attaching their anti-immigrationist objections to existing political concerns, including anxieties about the welfare state, and by advocating for anti-immigrationist policies and legislation within the confines of established techniques of political activism and protest, anti-immigrationists were far more successful than they might otherwise have been, and indeed more successful than academic studies and popular opinion have portrayed them. However, their reliance upon a language of active citizenship and genuine democracy to justify their arguments to restrict immigration proved to be less popular with elite politicians and senior civil servants than a language of inclusivity and civil rights. As such, while much of the substantive legislation which anti-immigrationists advocated for was implemented at the highest level of government, the anti-immigrationist ethos, and the language in which they expressed their views, was not adopted by these powerful individuals, resulting in a foreclosure and minimization of the role of anti-immigrationists in agitating for the implementation of this legislation and body of policy. Furthermore, the decline of the anti-immigrationist movement was less the result of the success of the left in persuading the right to abandon its commitment to anti-immigrationism than of the success of the extreme right in claiming anti-immigrationism as its own, to the dismay of the more moderate right and centre-right.
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Oda, Yuki. „Family Unity in U.S. Immigration Policy, 1921-1978“. Thesis, 2014. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8FB5118.
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"Family unity" is often upheld as the principle of U.S. immigration policy, central to the making and self-understanding of the U.S. as a "nation of immigrants." However, family-based immigration system was only born of struggles of immigrant families against the regime of restriction. As the era of open immigration ended in the U.S. in 1921, there emerged a fundamental tension between claims of immigrant families and the regime of immigration restriction. Much of what current immigration law recognizes as family, or how it matters, originated in the post-1921 era, born out of struggles by immigrant families. This dissertation examines the period between 1921 and 1978 from two perspectives. One is as an era of the three-tiered regulatory system created in the 1920s that lasted until the 1960s to the 1970s: 1) quotas restriction applied to European immigrants 2) exclusion of Asian immigrants, and 3) administrative regulation of immigration from Mexico without a firm ceiling. Another is as the formative years of contemporary immigration control that lasts today. The three-tiered system marked by explicit ethno-racial hierarchization closed first in 1965 by abolition of the quotas system in the Eastern Hemisphere, and finally in 1978 when Congress placed all countries including the Western Hemisphere under a worldwide ceiling. But the end of the quotas era was not a return to an era of open immigration, but an onset of alternative form of immigration restriction and regulation. With particular attention to linkage between ideas about family and ethno-racial composition of the U.S., the dissertation will discuss how claims of family, selective admission and restriction of family immigration, created, reinforced, and unmade the three-tiered immigration restriction regime. To date there has been no comprehensive historical study of the concept of the "family" in immigration law -- how it is defined, who is eligible as a family member and who is not, under what conditions families may be united or separated, and how family-based policies varied according to ethno-racial origin. This lack has resulted in a static and naturalized view of the family rather than a dynamic and contested concept in immigration law and policy. This dissertation explains the changes in definitions of family in immigration, deportation, and nationality law during the quotas era, shows how they are the product of challenges raised by immigrant families, and how they were inherited to the era of formally neutral and at the same time global immigration restriction.